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(^■)~i^t.^ w <, ^»-
REPORl
Of T'..r.
i >[<TVFIFTH ANNl'AL MLLTING
OF THfc
nerican Bar Association
HELU AT
v\N. FR.WCISCO, CALIFORNIA
MKil Sr o. TO and ii, 10^2
b/*rT;.MuJ^H .
THE L'»K:) L'.ALTiyii>KE Vl^i.S^
REPORT
OF THE
FORTY-FIFTH ANNUAL MEETING
OF THE
American Bar Association
HELD AT
SAN, FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA
AUGUST 9, lo and ii, 1922
f . • • • '
BALTIMORE:
THE LORD BALTIMORE PRESS
1922
29680
2
• ••
. .i :
• '• ■ • , • •
CONTENTS.
PAQB
Portrait of President Frontispiece
Canons of Ethics 7
Proceedings of American Bar Association :
Ist day, Morning Session 10
Afternoon Session 28
Evening Session 30
2d day, Morning Session 32
Afternoon Session 35
Evening Session : 72
3d day, Morning Session 77
Secretary's Report 103
Treasurer's Report 106
Report of the Executive Committee 110
Members and Delegates Registered at Meeting 114
Annual Dinner 128
List of Presidents 129
Secretaries 130
Treasurers 130
Executive Committee 131
Places of Meeting and Attendance 133
Constitution 134
By-Laws 140
Officers of Association, Sections, etc 146
General Council 148
Vice-Presidents and Members of Local Councils 149
Standing Committees 156
Special Committees 159
Address of President Severance 163
Address of Lucien Shaw .' 189
Addreffl of F. Dumont Smith 208
Address of Lord Shaw 219
Address of M. Henry Aubepin 244
Address of William Howard Taf t 250
Address of Calvin Coolidge 270
Address of Nicholas Murray Butler 278
Committee Reports:
Professional Ethics and Grievances 285
Commerce, Trade and Commercial Law 288
International Law 323
Lisurance Law 353
Jurisprudence and Law Reform 356
Admiralty and Maritime Law 367
Uniform Judicial Procedure 370
Membership 389
Classification and Restatement of the Law 391
Publicity 394
Memorials 395
Legal Aid Work 402
Law of Aeronautics 413
American Citizenship 416
(3)
4 CONTENTS.
Committee Reports — Continued page
Law Enforcement 424
Internal Revenue Law and Its Means of Collection 433
Finance 436
List of State Bar Associations 437
Some of the Larger Local Bar Associations 439
Memorandum of Subjects Referred to Committees 441
List of Addresses and Papers Read 442
Proceedings of the Comparative Law Bureau 451
Proceedings of the Judicial Section 457
Address of Curtis D. Wilbur 450
Address of N. P. Conrey 472
List of Judges Registered 480
Conference of Bar Association Delegates:
Proceedings of the Special Conference on Legal Education.... 482
Proceedings of Seventh Annual Conference 502
RepresentativeB of Bar Associations Registered 600
Proceedings of the Section of Patent, Trade-Mark and Copyright
Law 605
Proceedings of the Section of Criminal Law 607
Address of A. M. Kidd 614
Address of John A- Larsen 619
Address of Herman M. Adler 629
Proceedings of the Section of Public Utility Law 634
Address of Nathaniel T. Guernsey 637
Address of Edwin 0. Edgerton 652
Address of Hugh Gordon 661
Address of Franklin T. Griffith 675
Proceedings of Section of Legal Education and Admissions to the
Bar 689
Commissioners on Uniform State Laws:
Origin, Nature and Scope 691
Officers of the Conference 695
Standing and Special Committees 695
List of Commissioners 700
Proceedings of Conference 705
Address of President — Henry Stockbridge 717
Honorary Members 722
Alphabetical List of Members 723
State List of Members by Cities, Towns and Counties 882
Recapitidation 1014
Notice as to Reports 1015
Index 1017
AMEBICAN BAR ASSOCIATION.
(Organized at Saratoga Springs, New York, Augtut SI, 1878,)
" Its object shall be to advance the science of jurisprudence,
promote the administration of justice and unifonnity of legisla-
tion and of judicial decision throughout the nation, uphold the
honor of the profession of the law, and encourage cordial inter-
course among the members of the American Bar/' (Constitu-
tion, Article I.)
(6)
"There is certainly, without any exception, no profession in which
so many temptations beset the path to swerve from the line of strict
integrity, in which so many delicate and difficult questions of duty
are continually arising. Tliere are pitfalls and mantraps at every
step, and the mere youth, at the very outset of his career, needs often
the prudence and self-denial as well as the moral courage, which
belong commonly to riper years. High moral principle is the only
safe guide, the only torch to light his way amidst darkness and
obstruction."— GEORGE SHARSWOOD.
"Craft is the vice, not the spirit, of the profession. Trick is pro-
fessional prostitution. Falsehood, is professional apostasy. The
strength of a lawyer is in thorough knowledge of legal truth, in
thorough devotion to legal right. Truth and integrity can do more in
the profession than the subtlest and wiliest devices. The power of
integrity is the rule; the power of fraud is the exception. Emulation
and zeal lead lawyers astray; but the general law of the profession is
duty, not success. In it, as elsewhere, in human life, the judgment of
success is but the verdict of little minds. Professional duty, faith-
fully and well performed, is the lawyer's glory. This is equally true
of the Bench and of the Bar."— EDWARD G. RYAN.
"Discourage litigation. Persuade your neighbors to compromise
whenever you can. Point out to them how the nominal winner is
often a real loser — in fees, expenses and waste of time. As a peace-
maker, the lawyer has a superior opportunity of being a good man.
Never stir up litigation. A worse man can scarcely be found than
one who does this. Who can be more nearly a fiend than he who
habitually overhauls the register of deeds in search of defects in titles
whereupon to stir up strife and put money in his pocket? A moral
tone ought to be enforced in the profession which would drive such
men out of it."— ABRAHAM LINCOLN.
(6)
CANONS OF ETHICS.
I ' •* -
Pbsa3i:bl&
*» w
O *
In America^ where the stability of courts aad of all depart-
ments of gOYernment rests upon the approval of the people, it
is peculiarly essential that the system for establishing an$ dis-
pensing justice be developed to a high point of efficiency and
so maintained that the public shall have absolute confidence i4
the integrity and impartiality of its administration* The future
of the republic, to a great extent, depends upon our maintenance
of justice pure aad unsullied. It cannot be so maintained unless
the conduct and the motives of the members of our profession
are such bs to merit the approval of all just men.
II.
Thb Canon op Ethics.*
Ko code or set of rules can be framed which will particularize
all the duties of the lawyer in the varying phases of litigation or
in all the relations of professional life. The following canons
of ethics are adopted by the Americaa Bar Association as a
general guide, yet the- enumeration of particular duties should
not be construed as a denial of the existence of others equally
imperative, though not specifically mentioned :
1. The Duty of the Lawyer to the Courts. — It is the duty of the
lawyer to maintain toward the Courts a respectful attitude, not for
the sake of the temporary incumbent of the judicial office, but for
the maintenance of its supreme importance. Judges, not being wholly
free to defend themselves, are peculiarly entitled. to receive the support
of the Bar against imjust criticism and clamor. Whenever there is
proper ground for serious complaint of a judicial officer, it is the right
and duty of the lawyer to submit his grievances to the proper authori-
ties. In such cases, but not otherwise, such charges should be encour-
aged and the person making them should be protected.
2. The Selection of Judges. — ^It is the duty of the Bar to endeavor
to prevent political considerations from outweighing judicial fitness
in the selection of Judges. It should protest earnestly and actively
* For index and Synopsis of Canons, see p. 17.
(7)
8 AHEBIOAK BAB ASSOCIATION.
• . •
against the appointment or* election of those who are unsuitable for
the Bench ; and it should .strive to have elevated thereto only those
willing to forego otb^. ^ffi^lojrments, whether of a business, political
or other character^* w^ch may embarrass their free and fair considera-
tion of questioi^ -before them for decision. The aspiration of lawyers
for judicial p<3^ik)n should be governed by an impartial estimate of
their ability to. add honor to the office and not by a desire for the dis-
tinction the position may bring to themselves.
3. iytteaipts to Exert Personal Influenee on the Court.— -Marked
attention and unusual hospitality on the part of a lawyer to a Judge,
. .uncalled for by the personal relations of the parties, subjected both the
Jddge and the lawyer to misconstructions of motive and should be
\ Avoided. A lawyer should not communicate or argue privately with
' the Judge as to the merits of a pending cause, and he deserves rebuke
and denunciation for any device or attempt to gain from a Judge special
personal consideration or favor. A self-respecting independence in
the discharge of professional duty, without denial or diminution of
the courtesy and respect due the Judge's station, is the only proper
foundation for cordial personal and official relations between Bench and
Bar.
4. When Counsel for an Indigent Prisoner. — ^A lawyer assigned
as counsel for an indigent prisoner ought not to ask to be excused
for any trivial reason, and should always exert his best efforts in his
behalf.
5. The Defense or Prosecution of Those Aecused of Crime.— It
is the right of the lawyer to undertake the defense of a person accused
of crime, regardless of his personal opinion as to the guilt of the
accused; otherwise innocent persons, victims only of suspicious cir-
cimistances, might be denied proper defense. Having undertaken such
defense, the lawyer is bound by all fair and honorable means, to pre-
sent every defense that the law of the land permits, to the end that no
person may be deprived of life or liberty, but by due process of law.
The primary duty of a lawyer engaged in public prosecution is not
to convict, but to see that justice is done. The suppression of facts or
the secreting of witnesses capable of establishing the innocence of the
accused is highly reprehensible.
6. Adverse Influences and Conflicting Interests. — It is the duty of
a lawyer at the time of retainer to disclose to the client all the circum-
stances of his relations to the parties, and any interest in or connection
with the controversy, which might influence the client in the selection
of counsel.
It is unprofessional to 'represent conflicting interests, except by ex-
press consent of all concerned given after a full disclosure of the facts.
Within the meaning of this canon, a lawyer represents conflicting inter-
ests when, in behalf of one client, it is his duty to contend for that which
duty to another client requires him to oppose.
0AN0N8 OV BTHIOS. 9
The obligation to represent the dient with undivided fidelity and
not to divulge his secrets or confidences forbids also the subsequent
acceptance of retainers or employment from others in matters ad*
versely affecting any interests of the client with respect to which
confidence has been reported.
7. Professional Colleagves and Conflicts of Opinion.— -A client's
proffer of assistance of additional coimsel should not be regarded
as evidence of want of confidence, but the matter should be left to
the determination of the client. A lawyer should decline associa-
tion as colleague if it is objectionable to the original counsel, but
if the lawyer first retained is relieved, another may come into the
case.
When lawyers jointly associated in a cause cannot agree as to any
matter vital to the interest of the client, the conflict of opinion should
be frankly stated to him for his final determination. His decision
should be accepted unless the nature of the difference makes it im-
practicable for the lawyer whose judgment has been overruled to co-
operate effectively. In this event it is his duty to ask the client to
relieve him.
Efforts, direct or indirect, in any way to encroach upon the business
of another lawyer, are unworthy of those who should be brethren at
the Bar; but nevertheless, it is the right of any lawyer, without fear
or favor, to give proper advice to those seeking relief against unfaithful
or neglectful counsel, generally after communication with the lawyer
of whom the complaint is made.
8. Advising upon the Merits of a Client's Cause. — A lawyer should
endeavor to obtain full knowledge of his client's cause before advising
thereon, and he is bound to give a candid opinion of the merits and
probable result of pending or contemplated litigation. The miscarri-
ages to which justice is subject, by reason of surprises and disappoint-
ments in evidence and witnesses, and through mistakes of juries and
errors of Courts, even though only occasional, admonish lawyers to
beware of bold and confident assurances to clients, especially where the
employment may depend upon such assurance. Whenever the contro-
versy will admit of fair adjustment, the client should be advised to
avoid or to end the litigation.
9. Negotiations with Opposite Party.— A lawyer should not in any
way communicate upon the subject of controversy with a party repre-
sented by counsel; much less should he undertake to negotiate or
compromise the matter with him, but should deal only with his counsel.
It is incumbent upon the lawyer most particularly to avoid everything
that may tend to mislead a party not represented by coimsel, and he
should not undertake to advise him as to the law.
10. Acquiring Interest in Litigation. — ^The lawyer should not pur-
chase any interest in the subject matter of the litigation which he is
conducting.
10 AMEBIOAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
11. Dealing with Tmst Property. — Money of the client or other
trust property coming into the posseBsion of the lawyer should be re-
ported promptly, and except with the client's knowledge and consent
should not be commingled with his private property or be used by him.
12. Fixing the Amount of the Fee. — ^In fixing fees, lawyers should
avoid charges which overestimate their advice and services, as well
as those which undervalue them. A client's ability to pay cannot justify
a charge in excess of the value of the service, though his poverty may
require a less charge, or even none at all. The reasonable requests of
brother lawyers, and of their widows and orphans without ample means,
should receive special and kindly consideration.
In determining the amoimt of the fee, it is proper to consider: (1)
the time and labor required, the novelty and difficulty of the questions
involved and the skill requisite properly to conduct the cause; (2)
whether the acceptance of emplo3rment in the particular case will pre-
clude the lawyer's appearance for others in cases likely to arise out of
the transaction, and in which there is a reasonable expectation that
otherwise he would be employed, or will involve the loss of other busi-
ness while employed in the particular case or antagonisms with other
clients; (3) the customary charges of the Bar for similar services; (4)
the amount involved in the controversy and the benefits resulting to
the client from the services; (6) the contingency or the certainty of
the compensation; and (6) the character of the emplosrment, whether
casual or for an established and constant client. No one of these con-
siderations in itself is controlling. They are mere guides in ascertaining
the real value of the service.
In fixing fees it should never be forgotten that the profession is a
branch of the Etdmimstration of justice and not a mere money-getting
trade.
13. Contingent Fees. — Contingent fees, where sanctioned by law,
should be under the supervision of the Court, in order that clients may
be protected from unjust charges.
14. Suing a Client for a Fee. — Controversies with clients concern-
ing compensation are to be avoided by the lawyer so far as shall be
compatible with his self-respect and with his right to receive reasonable
recompense for his services ; and lawsuits with clients should be resorted
to only to prevent injustice, imposition or fraud.
15. How Far a Lawyer May Go in Supporting a Client's Cause. —
Nothing operates more certainly to create or to foster popular preju-
dice against lawyers as a class, and to deprive the profession of that
full measure of public esteem and confidence which belongs to the
proper discharge of its duties, than does the false claim, often set up by
the unscrupulous in defense of questionable transactions, that it is the
duty of the lawyer to do whatever may enable him to succeed in winning
his client's cause.
It is improper for a lawyer to assert in argument his presonal belief
in his client's innocence or in the justice of his cause*
0ANON8 07 BTHIOS. 11
y
The lawyer owes " entire devotion to the interest of the client, warm
Beal in the maintenance and defense of his rights and the exertion of
his utmost learning and ability/' to the end that nothing be taken or be
withheld from him, save by the rules of law, legally applied. No fear
of judicial disfavor or public unpopulari^ should restrain him from
the full discharge of his duty. In the judicial forum ihe client is en-
titled to the benefit of any and every remedy and defense that is
authorized by the law of the land, and he may expect his lawyer to
assert every such remedy or defense. But it is steadfastly to be borne
in mind that the great trust of the lawyer is to be performed within
and not without the bounds of the law. The office of attorney does not
permit, much less does it demand of him for any client, violation of law
or any manner of fraud or chicane. He must obey his own conscience
and not that of his client.
16. R«str«iiiiiig Cli«iit« from Improprieties.-— A lawyer should use
his best efforts to restrain and to prevent his clients from doing those
things which the lawyer himself ought not to do, particular^ with
reference to their conduct towards Courts, judicial officers, jurors, wit-
nesses and suitors. If a client persists in such wrong-doing the lawyer
should terminate' their relation.
17. Ill-Feeling and Personalities Between Advocates.— -Clients,
not lawyers, are the litigants. Whatever may be the ill-feeling existing
between clients, it should not be allowed to influence coimsel in their
conduct and demeanor toward each other or toward suitors in the case.
All personalities between counsel should be scrupulously avoided. In
the trial of a cause it is indecent to allude to the personal history or
the personal peculiarities and idio89rncrasi£S of counsel on the other
side. Personal colloquies between counsel which cause delay and pro-
mote unseemly wrangling should also be carefully avoided.
18. Treatment of Witnesses and Litigants. — ^A lawyer should al-
ways treat adverse witnesses and suitors with fairness and due con-
sideration, and he should never minister to the malevolence or preju-
dices of a client in the trial or conduct of a cause. The client cannot
be made the keeper of the lawyer's conscience in professional matters.
He has no right to demand that hb counsel shall abuse the opposite
party or indulge in offensive personalities. Improper speech is not
excusable on the groimd that it is what the client would say if speaking
in his own behalf.
19. Appearance of Lawyer as Witness for His Client. — ^When a
lawyer is witness for his client, except as to merely formal matters, such
as the attestation or custody of an instrument and the like, he should
leave the trial of the case to other counsel. Except when essential to
the ends of justice, a lawyer should avoid testifying in Court in behalf
of his client.
20. Newspaper Discussion of Pending Litigation.— Newspaper
publications by a lawyer as to pending or fiQticipated litigation ma^
IZ AMEBICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
interfere with a fair trial in the Courts and otherwise prejudice the due
administration of justice Generally th^ are to be condemned. If the
extreme circumstances of a particular case justify a statement to the
public, it is improfessional to make it anon3rmously. An ex parte
reference to the facts should not go beyond quotation from the records
and papers on file in the Court; but even in extreme cases it is better
to avoid any ex parte statement.
21. Punetuality and Expedition. — It is the duty of the lawyer not
only to his client, but also to the courts and to the public, to be punctual
in attendance, and to be concise and direct in the trial and disposition
of causes.
22. Candor and Fairness. — ^The conduct of the lawyer before the
Court and with other lawyers should be characterized by candor and
faimeas.
It is not candid or fair for the lawyer knowingly to misquote the
contents of a paper, the testimony of a witness, the language or the
argument of opposing counsel, or the language of a decision or a text-
book ; or with knowledge of its invalidity, to cite as authority a decision
that has been overruled, or a statute that has been repealed ; or in argu-
ment to assert as a fact that which has not been proved, or in those
jurisdictions where a side has the opening and closing arguments to
mislead his opponent by conceaHng or withholding positions in his
opening argument upon which his side then intends to rely.
It is unprofessional and dishonorable to deal other than candidly with
the facts in taking the statements of witnesses, in drawing affidavits
and other documents, and in the presentation of causes.
A lawyer should not offer evidence, whith he knows the Court should
reject, in order to get the same before the jury by argument for its
admissibility, nor should he address to the Judge arguments upon any
point not properly calling for determination by him. Neither should
he introduce into an argiimctit, addressed to the Court, remarks or
statements intended to influence the jury or bystanders.
These and all kindred practices are unprofessional and unworthy of an
officer of the law charged, as is the lawyer, ^ith the duty of aiding in the
administration of justice.
23. Attitude Toward Jury. — All attempts to curry favor with juries
by fawning, flattery or pretended solicitude for their personal comfort
are unprofessional. Suggestions of counsel, looking to the comfort or
convenience of jurors, and propositions to dispense with argument,
should be made to the Court out of the jury's hearing. A lawyer must
never converse privately with jurors about the case; and both before
and during the trial he should avoid communicating with them, even as
to matters foreign to the cause.
24. Right of Lawyer to Control the Incidents of the Trial. — ^As to
incidental matters pending the trial, not affeeting the merits of the
cause, or working substantial prejudice to tbo rights of the client,
0ANON8 07 BTHIOS. 13
sach. as forcing the opposite lawyer to trial when he is under affliotion
or bereavement; forcing the trial on a particular day to the injury of
the opposite lawyer when no harm will result from a trial at a different
time; agreeing to an extension of time for signing a bill of exceptions,
erosB interrogatories and the like, the lawyer must be allowed to judge.
In such matters no client has a right to demand that his counsel shall be
illiberal, or that he do anything therein repugnant to his own sense of
honor and property.
25. Taking Technical Advantage of Opposite Coansoli Agree*
ments with Him. — ^A lawyer should not ignore known customs or
practice of the Bar or of a particular Court, even when the law permits,
without giving timely notice of the opposing counsel. As far as pos-
sible, important agreanents, affecting the rights of dients, ^ould be
reduced to writing; but it is dishonorable to avoid performance of an
agreement fairly made because it is not reduced to writing, as required
by rules of Court.
26. Professional Advocacy Other Than Before Courts. — ^A lawyer
openly, and in his true character may render professional services
before legislative or other bodies, regarding proposed legislation and
in advocacy of claims before departments of government, upon the
same principles of ethics which justify his appearance before the Courts;
but it is improfessional for a lawyer so engaged to conceal his attorney-
ship, or to employ secret personal soficitations, or to use means other
than those addressed to the reason and understanding to influence action.
27. Advertising, Direct or Indirect.— The most worthy and effec-
tive advertisement possible, ev&i for a young lawyer, and especially with
*his brother lawyers, is the establishment of a well-merited reputation
for professional capacity and fidelity to trust. This cannot be forced,
but must be the outcome of character and conduct. The publication
or circulation of ordinary simple business cards, being a mi^ttrr of
personal taste or local custom, and sometimes of coiArenience, is not
per 86 improper. But solicitation of business by circulars or advertise-
ments, or by personal communications or interviews, not warranted by
personal relations, is improfesaional. It is equally unprofessional to
procure business by indirection through touters of any kind, whether
aUied real estate firms or trust companies advertising to secure the
drawing of deeds or wills or offering retainers in exchange for executor-
ships or trusteeships to be influenced by the lawyer. Indirect advertise-
ment for business by furnishing or inspiring newspaper comments
concerning causes in which the lawyer has been or is engaged, or con-
cerning the manner of their conduct, the magnitude of the interests
involved, the importance of the lawyer's positions, and all other like
self-laudation, defy the traditions and lower the tone of oiur high calling,
and are intolerable.
14 AMEBIOAK BAB AS800IATI0N.
28. Stirring vp LitigatioBt Directly or Tkrougk Ageiits.^It IB
unprof esaional for a lawyer to volunteer advice to bring a lawsuit, except
in rare cases where ties of blood, relationship or trust make it his duty
to do so. Stirring up strife and litigation is not only unprofessional, but
it is indictable at common law. It is disreputable to hunt up defects in
titles or other causes of action and inform thereof in order to be em-
ployed to bring suit, or to breed litigation by seeking out those with
claims for personal injuries or those having any other grounds of action
in order to secure them as clients, or to employ agents or runners for
like purposes, or to pay or reward directly or indirectly, those who bring
or influence the bringing of such cases to his office, or to remunerate
policemen, court or prison officials, physicians, hospital attacJUs or
others who may succeed, under the guise of giving disinterested friendly
advice, in influencing the criminal, the sick and the injured, the igno-
rant or others, to seek his professional services. A duty to the public
and to the profession devolves upon every member of the Bar, having
knowledge of such practices upon the part of any practitioner, im-
mediately to inform thereof to the end that the offender may be
disbarred.
29. Upholding the Honor of the Profession. — ^Lawyers should ex-
pose without fear or favor before the proper tribunals corrupt or di»-
honest conduct in the profession, and should accept without hesitation
employment against a member of the Bar who has wronged his client.
The counsel upon the trial of a cause in which perjiury has been com-
mitted owe it to the profession and to the public to bring the matter
to the knowledge of the prosecuting authorities. The lawyer should
aid in guarding the Bar against the admission to the profession of candi-
dates unfit or unqualified because deficient in either moral character
or education. He should strive at all times to uphold the honor and
to maintain the dignity of the profession and to improve not only the
law but the administration of justice.
30. Justifiable and Unjustifiable Litigations. — ^The lawyer must
dechne to conduct a civil cause or to make a defense when convinced
that it is intended merely to harass or to injure the opposite party or
to work oppression or wrong. But otherwise it is his right, and, having
accepted retainer, it becomes his duty to insist upon the judgment of
the Court as to the legal merits of his client's claim. His appearance in
Court should be deemed equivalent to an assertion on his honor that in
his opinion his client's case is one proper for judicial determination.
31. Responsibility for Litigation. — ^No lawyer is obliged to act
dther as adviser or advocate for every person who may wish to become
his client. He has the right to decline employment. Every lawyer
upon his own responsibility must decide what business he will accept
as counsel, what causes he will bring into Court for plaintiffs, what
GAK0N8 09 STHIC6. 16
eajses he will contest in Court for defendants. The responaibility for
advising questionable transactions, for bringing questionable suits, for
urging questionable defenses, is the lawyer's responsibility. He cannot
escape it by urging as an excuse that he is only following his client's
instructions.
32. The Law3r«r's Dat^ in Its Last Analysis. — No client, corporate
or individual, however powerful, nor any cause, civil or political, however
important, is entitled to receive, nor should any lawyer render any
service or advice involving disloyalty to the law whose ministers we are,
or disrespect of the judicial office, which we are bound to uphold, or
corruption of any person or persons exercising a public office or private
trust, or deception or betrayal of the public. When rendering any such
improper service or advice, the lawyer invites and merits stem and just
condemnation. Correspondingly, he advances the honor of his profes-
sion and the best interests of his client when he renders service or
gives advice tending to impress upon the client and lus undertaking
exact compliance with the strictest principles of moral law. He must
also observe and advise his client to observe the statute law, though
until a statute shall have been construed and interpreted by compe-
tent adjudication, he is free and is entitled to advise as to its validity
and as to what he conscientiously believes to be its just meaning
and extent. But above all a lawyer will find his highest honor in
a deserved reputation for fidelity to private trust and to public duty,
as an honest mah and as a patriotic and loyal citizen.
III.
Oath of Admission.
The general principles which should ever control the lawyer
in the practice of his profession are clearly set forth in the fol-
lowing Oath of Admission to the Bar, formulated upon that in
nse in the State of Washington, and which conforms in its main
outlines to the " duties'' of lawyers as defined by statutory
enactments in that and many other states of the union * — duties
* Alabama, Cahfomia, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Mirmesota,
Mississippi, Nebraska, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota,
Utah, Washington and Wisconsin. The oaths administered on admis-
sion to the Bar in all the other States require the observance of the
highest moral principle in the practice of the profession, but the duties
of the lawyer are not as specifically defined by law as in the States
named.
16 AKEBJOAK BAB ASSOCIATION.
which they are sworn on admission to obey and for the wilful
violation of which disbarment is provided :
/ DO SOLEMNLY SWEAR:
I vnU support the Constitution of the United States and the Consti-
tution of the State of .* ;
/ wiU tnaintam the respect due to Courts of Justice and judicial
officers;
I ufill not counsel or maintain any suit or proceeding which shall ap-
pear to me to be unjust, nor any defense except such as I believe to be
honestly debatable under the law of the land;
I will employ for the purpose of maintaining the causes confided to
me siLch means only as are consistent with truth and honor, and wHl
never seek to mislead the Judge or jury by any artifice or false state-
ment of fact or law;
I wHl maintain the confidence and preserve inviolate the secrets of
my client, and will accept no compensation in connection with his
business except from him or with his knowledge and approval;
I wiU abstain from all offensive personality, and advance no fact pre-
judicial to the honor or reputation of a party or witness, unless required
by the justice of the cause with which I. am charged;
I will never reject from any consideration personal to myself the cause
of the defenseless or oppressed, or delay any man's cause for lucre or
malice. SO HELP ME OOD.
We commend this form of oath for adoption by the proper
authorities in all the states and territories.
[NoTB.— The foregoing Canons of Professional Ethics were adopted
by the American Bar Association at its thirty-first annual meeting at
Seattle, Washington, on August 27, 1908.
The Canons were prepared by a committee composed of
Henry St. George Tucker, Virginia, Chairman.
Lucien Hugh Alexander, Pennsylvania, Secretary.
David J. Brewer, DiMrict of Columbia.
Frederick V. Brown, Minnesota.
J. M. Dickinson, Illinois.
Franklin Fernss, Missouri.
William Wirt Howe, Louisiana.
Thomas H. Hubbard, New York.
James G. Jenkins, Wisconsin.
Thomas Goode Jones, Alabama.
Alton B. Parker, New York.
George R. Peck, Illinois.
Francis Ljrnde Stetson, New York.
Esra R. Thayer, Massachusetts.]
CANONS OF ETHICS. "' ' '^ 17
INDEX AND SYNOPSIS OP CANONS. ^. ; |
PREAMBLE, pp. ZA. ^
THE CANONS OF ETHICS, pp. 4-13.
1. Thb Duty op thb Lawteb to the Cottbts. ((1, 2, 4; iii, iv, vi.)*
2. Thb Seudgtion op Judges. (69.)*
3. Atiempts to Exebt Pebsonal Influence on the Coubt. (8,
16.)*
4. When Counsel fob an Indigent Pbiboneb. (64; xviii, zzi,
xxiii.)*
5. The Defence ob Pbosbcution of Those Accused of Cbime.
(14; XV.)*
6. Advebse Influences and Conflicting Intbbbsts. (37, 28, 24,
25; viii.)*
7. FlIOFBSSIONAL COLLEAGUES AND CONFLICTS OF OPINION. (42, 49,
60, 48; vii, xiv, xvii.)*
8. Advising upon the Mebits of a Client's Cause. (38, 35; xi,
xix, XX, xxxi^ xxxii. See also xxx.)*
9. Negotutions with Opposite Pabtt. (46, 47, 51 ; xliii, xliv.)*
10. AOQUIBING InTEBEST IN LITIGATION, (xxiv.)*
11. Dbaung with Tbusv Pemh»ebtt. (40; xxv, xxvi.)* •
12. FixiNa THE Amount of the Fee. (54, 55, 56, 58; xviii, xxviii,
xxxviii, xlix.)*
13. Contingent Fms. (57; xxiv.)*
14. Suing a Client fob a FisE. (53; xxvii. See also xxix.)*
15. How fab a Lawteb Mat Go in Suppobtino a Client's Cause.
(11; i, X, n^xii, xiii, xiv, xl.)*
16. Restbaining Clients fbom Impbopbdsties. (44.)*
17. Ill Fbeung and PfeBSONALmES Between Advocates. (31^ 32; v.)*
18. TREATMENT OF WITNESSES AND LITIGANTS. (59, 30; ii, XXV, xlii.)*
19. Appeabancb of Lawteb as Witness fob E^s Client. (21, 22;
XXXV, xvi.)*
20. Newspapeb Discussion of Pending Litigation. (19, 20.)*
21. PuNcruALiTT AND EXPEDITION. (6, 36; See xxxvi.)*
22. Canon ANif Fairness. (5; xli.)*
23. Attitude Toward Jubt. (60, 61, 17, 63; xlvii.)*
24. Right of Lawteb to Contbol the Incidents of the Tbial.
(33; X.)*
25. Taxing Technical Advantage of Opposite Counsel; Agbee-
MBNTS WITH HiM. (45, 43, V, ix.)*
26. Pbofessional Advocact Otheb than Befqbb Courts. (27.)*
27. Advertising, Direct ob Indibect. (18.)*
28. Stibbing Up Litioation, Dibbgtlt ob Thbough Agents. (23.)*
29. Upholding the Honob of the Profession. (9, 65, 12; xxxiii,
xxxiv, xxxvii, xxxviii.)*
30. Justifiable and Unjustifiabi^ Litigations. (15; x, xi, xiv.)*
31. Responsibilitt fob Litigation. (15; x, xi, xiv.)*
32. The Lawteb's Dutt in its Last Analtsis. (66; xxi, etc.)*
OATH OF ADMISSION, pp. 13-14.
*The Arabic numerals in the brackets immediately following the
QOioptic titles of the canons are cross-references to the compilation of
canons as set forth in Appendix B of the 1907 report of the Association's
Committee on Canons of Ethics (A. B. A. Reports XXXI, 681-684) ;
the Raman numerals are cross-references to Hoffman's Resolutions,
reprinted m Appendix U of the committee's 1907 report (id. 717-735).
TRANSACTIONS
OF THE
FORTY-FIFTH ANNUAL MEETING
OF THE
American Bar Association
HELD AT
SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA
August 9» 10 and 11, 1922
The Forty-Fifth Annual Meeting of the American Bar Asso-
ciation convened at San Francisco, California, with Gordenio A.
Severance, President of the Association, in the Chair.
FiBST Session.
WedMsday, AiLgust 9, 1922, 10 A. M.
The President :
It gives me great pleasure to introduce Governor Stephens,
of California, who will speak a few words of welcome to the
Association.
William D. Stephens, Governor of California:
I come this morning, not only as a citizen of this great state,
but also as the Governor of this Commonwealth, to bid you
welcome to this Golden State, this land of sunshine, this country
of the out-of-doors. And, in a few words, I desire to express
something of what our people feel on this day as regards this
great meeting.
In the very early days of California, and before the coming
of the Americans in any great number, and when the Spanish
language and custom^ prevailed, the measure and quality of
(19)
20 AMERICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
welcome and hospitality to the guests was contained in the
greeting '^ This house is yours, Senor/' The language and the
customs have long since changed, but the spirit which actuated
that sentiment is as real and fervent today in California as in
those historic days.
The people of California in their pride of citizenship in a
state which contributes so much to human enjoyment and
human welfare as well as to prosperity, have always taken a keen
delight in sharing the joys and attractions of this fair land with
others, perhaps not so fortunate. Mindful of this, I very greatly
appreciate the privilege which has been afforded me today of
standing before this distinguished gathering of jurists and
lawyers representing the American Bar Association, and on
behalf of the people of California as a whole and the citizens of
this truly Californian city of San Francisco in particular,
extending to you a California welcome, as warm and genial as
its simshine, as enduring as its snow-capped mountains, and as
comprehensive as the length and breadth of its boundaries.
On behalf of the people of California I want to thank you
for the signal honor you have paid us in coming here to hold
this, your forty-fifth annual meeting. During the forty-four
years since the first meeting of your Association in Saratoga
Springs in the great State of New York, not only has the
profession of which you are honored members been benefited,
but the nation at large has profited by the constructive work
and forward-looking policies of your organization. TTpon the
roster of your membership are to be found the names of men
who by their strength of character, their ability and intellectual
attainments, have brought honor and distinction to the country
and have had much to do with shaping its destiny.
I believe I am safe in saying that the development of Ameri-
can law in California is one of the most interesting and romantic
chapters to be found in the entire juridical history of this
country. To the pioneers of 1849 is largely due the adoption
of the principles of the common law in this state. Prior to that
time and when the native Califomians and Mexican people were
in' possession, affairs of government and of the people were ad-
ministered under the Mexican law then in force, but the coming
of over 70,000 Americans during that one year of 1849 resulted
ADDBESS OF WBLCOKB. ^1
in an almost immediate change in the system of law^ practice
and procedure. Just as the first settlers on the Atlantic CoaAX
brought with them the common law of England and established
it in the uninhabited portions of that section of the country,
so did the emigrants from the oommon law states east of the
Bockies bring with them the same system of law and establish
it here ill a country, then almost equally unpeopled. Among
those pioneers were lawyers whose great abiUI^ was even then
recognized, and who in after years served the nation with great
distinction and honor. I refer to such men as Justice Stephen J.
Field, to whom the State of GaUfomia is indebted for the first
Practice Act of California^ now known as the Code of Civil
Procedure; who also wrote the Criminal Practice Act, now the
Penal Code; whose work in connection with the other members
of the first Supreme Court of this state brought recognition of
that tribunal as being second to no other state tribunal in the
country; who, as Associate Judge of the Supreme Court of the
United States, covering a period of thirty-five years, added so
much to what is now the accepted law of this country as to
entitle him to the distinction of having been one of the greatest
jurists his nation has ever produced.
California also has contributed to the Supreme Court of the
United States another outstanding figure in the person of
Associate Justice Joseph McKenna. I might also mention in
that connection such leading jurists as Judge H. A. Hastings,
the first Chief Justice of the state and the founder of the Hast-
ings Law School; Judge Peter H. Burnett, Associate Justice
of the Supreme Court, and, by the way, the first Governor of
California under the American rule ; Judge Joseph G. Baldwin,
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court, also the author of that
delightful work "Flush Times id Alabama and Mississippi";
Judge Hugh Murray, one of the most remarkable lawyers who
ever sat on the Bench, who died at the age of 31 years after
having then served for four or five years as Chief Justice of the
Supreme Court. In the later years, the lawyers of this state
remember with pride such great lawyers and jurists as McKins-
try, Wallace, Bhodes, Sharpstein, Boss (now Judge of the United
States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit), Thornton,
Beatty, and many other men of equal learning and distinction.
22 AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION.
I have referred to the fact that upon you as lawyers and
jurists rests primarily the duty of upholding the principles of
constitutional law given us by the fathers, as well as the great
body of law based upon those principles. It is a great responsi-
bility. I do not hesitate to say that if our form of Government
and, indeed, our civilization shall survive, it is absolutely essen-
tial that respect for the law be insisted upon. At no period in
our history has there been greater need for obedience to law and
the orderly processes of the law.
To such .men as compose the membership of this great organi-
zation, to the members of the American Bar, to the men who by
their intellectual attainments occupy the front rank of their
profession, and whose training fits them to formulate and inter-
pret the law, must this nation look in large part for the solution
of these great problems which are now before us. In that direc-
tion lies a great opportunity for you to bring together whatever
discordant and opposing elements there may be under a system
of legal procedure which will insure justice, as well as protec-
tion, to all.
In conclusion, I again beg you to believe that the arms of the
people of California are open wide to y6u with the earnest
hope that your deliberations here may result in the greatest
measure of good to the entire nation, and that the recreation
which will be afforded you by the hospitable people of San
Francisco, may leave a pleasing and abiding memory of Cali-
fornia in years to come.
The President:
I now have the pleasure of presenting to you Maurice B.
Harrison, of the San Francisco Bar, who will extend to you a
few words of greeting.
Maurice E. Harrison, of San Francisco, Cal. :
This meeting is a memorable occasion for the Bar of Cali-
fornia. Although our situation is remote from the great western
centers, we are acquainted with the high purposes and the sub-
stantial achievements of this Association and we have learned
from our own history the lesson of the essential unity of Ameri-
can law and of the necessity of united action on the part of
American lawyers. The legal experience of this state has been
ADDBESS OF WELCOME. 23
in some respects unique. Its early lawyers came from all parts
of the nation — ^from north and south and middle west — ^and
they were enabled to build the foundations of our legal structure
by their common fealty to a common system of law. New
England gave us in Stephen J. Field the greatest of our pioneer
judges, while the South gave us, in Bandolph and McAllister
and Garber, the leaders of our early Bar. Our first constitution
waa modelled on those of New York and Iowa. Our property
law is largely founded on that of New York and Texas. Of
these different American elements the law of this statue has been
fashioned. The lawyers who came to Califomia from every
eastern state after the American conquest found a native popula-
tion accustomed to the rule of the Civil Law under Mexican
occupation; and they established the common law in its place.
They found a mining population all too ready to disregard the
orderly processes of justice in favor of lynch law and mob
violence, and they obtained the recognition of the supremacy
of the courts after repeated struggles with the impulses of
disorder in a new and turbulent community. They enriched
the jurisprudence of America by translating into actual law
the customs of the miners with regard to the appropriation of
water. Fifty years ago, under the inspiration of David Dudley
Field, a former President of this Association, they dared to
make the experiment of systematizing and to some extent modi-
fying the principles of the American common law. If at times
4he statute law of this state may have seemed to be radically
experimental, you, th^ men who influence the law of other states,
have had at least the benefit of our experience. The public
utility and workmen's compensation acts of the western states,
novel though they seemed at the time of their enactment, are
now a normal element in American legislation. And throughout
our state's lifetime, we who have been so largely governed by
federal law, both in our seaports on the coast and on our public
lands of the interior, we who have known the splendid traditions
of our own federal Bench, have never lost sight of our brother-
hood with the lawyers of other states. Around the Bay of
San Francisco are three prospering law schools which maintain
the standards recommended by this Association; and this year
we shall submit to the referendum of the voters of California
24 AMERICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
the question whether the standards of the profession shonld be
protected by prohibiting the unlawful practice of the law. And
if at this time, when the lofty patriotism of wartime may seem
to the casual observer to have been quaffed so deeply as to leave
only the dregs of a mean bigotry and intolerance, we can help to
repudiate the suggestion that American ideals of justice have
failed and to reassert their power to deal with the needs of a pe-
riod of reconstruction ; if we can help you to justify our common
conviction that the lawTepresents more than the sanction of the
sheriff who enforces it, and more than the influence of selfish
interests which sometimes twist it awry, and that it is in truth
an attempt to reach the goal of certain and even-handed justice,
our service, gentlemen, is at your command.
The President :
Your Excellency and Mr. Harrison, we are very grateful,
indeed, for. your gracious welcome to California. Many of us
have received this same generous, kind-hearted welcome to this
beautiful state many times. Some of us are here for the first
time. But those who come to California this year in their initial
trip across the Continent, knew all about the state before they
came. When we decided to bring the Association out here this
year, we knew we were not taking any risk, so far as hospitality
was concerned. Our only fear was that we might so suffer
from over-hospitality that we would be unable to attend to
our legitimate business.
Seriously, it is a great pleasure, for all the members of this
Association who have come from east of the mountains to visit
this beautiful state. It is immaterial whether we first looked
down into the depths of the blue canyon, or dropped over the
Cajon Pass into the smiling valleys with the golden apples and
the flowers of the south — California always gives a thrill. It is
different from any other state. Tou are different in your history.
There is an air of old romance that hangs about this state that
we are deprived of in the more prosaic regions of the east. You
not only have your beautiful scenery, your lovely fruits and
flowers, but you have the story of the old padres, who established
their missions up and down this coast, whose names and whose
religion are perpetuated in the names of your cities. And there
BBADIKa OF LETTEBS. 26
is 80 much of that little touch of the old life etill hanging about
California^ that it has a charm which^ as I have said^ we are
deprived of in the harsher regions of the east
Beyond that^ we are all very conscious, as was said by the
Governor, that the old greeting, " My house is yours,*' has been
kept alive under the American occupation. Your hospitality is
unbounded; your climate, your scenery, your people are charm-
ing, and we are very happy to be here, and know we are going
to be very happy while we are here.
The Secretary then read a telegram from the President of the
United States.
WnnB HousB, Washinoton, D. C.
Hon. Cordenio A. Sevenmce, PreMenl, American Bar Assooiaticn, San
Francisco, Calijomia,
It alwajrs ia a pleasure to place on record, at the time of the annual
convention of the American Bar Association, an expression of confi-
dence in its aims and ends. Its long career of active participation in
taping the ethical ideals and practical policies of our country has been
uniformly marked by a safe and steady progress toward the realization
of that high destiny which is our finest national aspiration. Its counsels
have been those of liberality and constructive purpose, restrained and
moderated by a fitting sense of responsibility for the preservation of
all that is good and useful in existing institutions.
There never was a time when our country, indeed the whole world,
stood more in need of clear-visioned comprehension of the problems
whi<^ confront human institutions.
I cannot refrain from urging upon your Association the importance of
considering these problems in the light of the broadest perception of
their hiunan beanngs. Those who would highly serve their fellows
have need for full measure of intellectual honesty, together with
courage to dare greatly. To whom better than your own profession,
learned in the law, understanding its unending evolution, should the
community turn for guidance and help in trying times.
Warbbn G. Habding.
The Secretary then read a letter from the Lord Chancellor
of Great Britain.
HovsB OF LoBDS, July 18, 1022.
Cordenio A. Severance, Esq^ President, American Bar Association,
Sm:
Lord Shaw is no doubt well known to you as a member of our supreme
tribunal, sitting both as a Lord of Appeal in ordinary, and as a member
of the judicial Committee of the Privy Council. Between the Ameri-
can Bar on the one hand and the English and Scottish Bars on the
other, there are many close, intimate bonds. We have lately had the
privilege of welcoming here in England your great and genial Chief
Justice. Now we send Lord Shaw to you, with a full confidence that, like
Mr. Taft,lie will draw those bonds still closer. He is, indeed, a very wise
and learned Judge. I send through him my best wishes for the prosperity
26 AMERICAN BAR ASSOOIATION.
of the American Bar Association. Mutual knowledge will produce
mutual confidence, and such visits as those of Mr. Taft and Mr. Beck to
England, and of Lord Shaw to the American Continent, are the best
means whereby we can learn to know and trust each other. ^
Yours faithfully,
BmKENHBAD.
I
1
The Secretary then read a telegram from the Attorney Gen-
eral of the United States.
Washikqton, D. C, August 8, 1922.
Hon, C. A, Severance, President American Bar Association, San Fran-
cisco, CaUforrua,
I sincerely regret my inability to be present at the meeting of the
American Bar Association. The pressure of pubhc business compels my
presence here. Kindly accept and convey to the officers and my fellow
members of the American Bar Association my highest respect and the
deep gratitude I feel towards the members for their support of the
Department of Justice in its efforts to maintain resfpect for law, to
protect life and property, and to support the fundamental principles
of government so sacred to the liberty, security, peace and prosperity
of the American people.
H. M. Daughebtt,
AUomey General,
The Secretary then made several annoimcements relating to
certain events of the meeting.
The President:
One of the most charming events of our stay in California this
week will be a visit to the wonderful grove of redwoods of the
Bohemian Club. All arrangements for that excursion are in the
hands of Mr. Prank P. Deering, of the San Francisco Bar.
Praak P. Deering, of San Francisco, then made an announce-
ment relating to the excursion.
The President :
The next order of business is the report of the Secretary.
(The Secretary's report was stibmitted. See report, page
103.)
The President :
As the report of the Secretary requires no action, it will be
ordered placed on file.
The next order of business is the report of the Treasurer.
{The Treasurer's report was submitted. See report, page
106.)
ELBCTION OF KEKBEBS. 27
The President :
The report of the Treaaurer will be referred to the Auditing
Committee.
Next in order is the report of the Executive Committee^ which
will be read by the Secretary.
(The report of the Executive Committee was read. See
report, page 110,)
The Secretary:
I move, Mr. President, the approval and adoption of the
report submitted by the Executive Committee.
The motion was seconded from the floor and carried.
The President :
The next order of business is the nomination and election of
members. I believe there are a few names to be voted on at this
time.
The Secretary:
The Chairman of the Membership Committee has seventeen
applications^ duly certified by the Local Council and recom-
mended by the General Council at its session this morning for
election to membership. They are all properly certified^ and all
are now eligible for election. It is not necessary to read the
names or the states they represent unless requested. I move
that they be duly elected members of the Association.
The motion was seconded and carried.
The President then delivered the Annual Address.
(See Address on page 163,)
Thomas W. Shelton and S. E. Ellsworth offered resolutions
which, wiihout reading, were referred to the Executive Copi-
mittee.
The Association then took a recess until 2.80 P. M.
28 AMSaiCAN BAR ASSOCIATION.
Second Sbssion.
Wednesday, August 9, 1922, £J0 P. M.
In joint session with the California Bar Association^ Jeff
Paul Chandler^ President of the CaUfomia Bar Association,
presiding.
Chairman Chandler:
It is a very great privilege and honor for the California
Bar Association to have the privilege of meeting with the Amer-
ican Bar Association. We live away out on the fringe of the
continent, and we hear of the eminent gentlemen in our pro-
fession; from time to time, we follow their careers; and it is a
great privilege for us to meet them personally and to draw inspi-
ration from them.
The Bar of the State of California is, in its humble way,
trying to carry on the traditions of the profession of the law,
and to see that this comparatively new commimity, compara-
tively new part of the United States, has a reverence for the law
and that the Constitution which has been given to us by our fore-
fathers may be carried out in all of its integrity. Little did
they think, when they drew that instrument, that this country
would ever extend to the Pacific Coast. It would have been very
doubtful, indeed, in their minds, had it been suggested, whether
a territory as large as the present United States could be success-
fully operated under one form of government. When the first
Americans came to this state, California was very far from the
rest of the states. And, as you have been told frequently since
you came, because we are so proud of it, the earliest lawyers
in this community did establish the government and it has been
perpetuated by lawyers who have helped to build up this splen-
did community.
And let me extend to you, in closing this part of my remarks,
out profound gratitude and respect and appreciation for your
presence here among us.
After gold was discovered in California, then came the ques-
tion of water. Gold would not make a permanent state — ^it was
necessary to develop agriculture, and the life of agriculture in
this part of the country is water. * They had to develop a system
of water. They had to adjudicate the rights as between the
AI>DB£SS OF JUSTICE SHAW. ^9
different settlers on the streams. And a great body of law has
been built up in that connection^ and has seryed to develop the
resources of this country.
In the early days of Los Angeles^ when it was a very arid
country, when we needed much water and didn't know whether
or not we had it, when water rights were rather inchoate,
unknown, and occasion had not arisen very frequently for adju-
dicating the differences which subsequently did arise — at that
time a young man came from Indiana, and we got acquainted
with him in Los Angeles, and then elected him to the Superior
Bench. He began the study of law — or the study of water law,
and in the course of time he came to be recognized as the great
authority upon water in our part of the state, and we were very
proud of him. He was elevated to the Supreme Court of this
state^ and later became Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of
California. And in these higher positions, he came to be recog-
nized as the authority upon water law in California, and perhaps
in the west. His genius has aided in creating that fine system
of water law which is now in operation, to the perfect satisfac-
tion of all of the residents of this commonwealth, and perhaps
those of the West.
I take great pleasure in introducing to you Judge Lucien
Shaw, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the State of
California.
Chief Justice Shaw then read his address upon '* The Develop-
ment of Water Law in California."
{See Address, page 189.)
Chairman Chandler:
The next address upon the program was to have been delivered
by Governor Henry J. Allen, of Kansas, on the subject " Kansas
Industrial Court.*' Governor Allen has telegraphed that it will
be impossible for him to leave the State of Kansas. He has
therefore requested Senator F. Dumont Smith, of Kansas, to
deliver an address upon the subject that had been assigned to
him. Senator Smith helped draw the law. He has been special
counsel for the State of Kansas during the entire time of the
administration of this law, and he is very familiar with its pro-
visions.
30 AlCEBIOAK BAR AS600IATI0N.
I take pleasure in introducing to you Mr. F. Dumont Smith,
of Kansas.
The address of F. Dumont Smith was then delivered.
(See Address, page 208.)
The Association then took a recess until 8 P. M.
Thibd Session.
Wednesday, August 9, 1922, 8 P. M.
The meeting Was called to order by the President, Cordenio A.
Severance.
The Secretary made some further announcements, and then
read the list of the new General Council nominated by the
respective state delegations. The nominees were declared elected
without further action on the part of the Association.
(See List of Qenerai Council, page H8.)
The President:
We have been happy for a number of years to receive as our
guest some distinguished member of the British Bar or the
British Bench. Sometimes, on rather rare occasions, those rep-
resentatives are Englishmen — ordinarily they are Scotchmen.
As you know, the Scotch for some time have been employed
largely, as I have been told by my friend MacKenzie Gordon, of
San Francisco, in governing the British Empire. In 1913,
the members of the Association who were at Montreal, will recall
the remarkable address delivered by another great Scotch Judge,
Lord Haldane. You will remember that he at that time was the
Lord Chancellor, and, to do us the compliment of meeting with
us, he was obliged to place in the commission of England the
great seal of the King, and I believe also the conscience of the
King, of which he is the keeper. It was a great compliment to
us, because it was the first time since Cardinal Richelieu that
any Lord Chancellor has been without the dominion of the
King. Since then, I think that rule has been further violated.
Then again, we had Lord Finlay, another Scotchman, who is
now sitting upon the great international court at The Hague.
Tonight, for the third time within these few years, we have the
ADDRESS OF tOBD SHAW. 31
pleasure of greeting another great Scotchman, a gentleman with
a most remarkable career in politics^ but always chiefly in the
line of his own profession of the law. Like our own Chief
Justice^ he has not ceased to be a lawyer because he is a judge.
It gives me the greatest pleasure to present to you as the first
speaker this evening, Lord Shaw of Dunfermline, who will
now address you.
Lord Shaw of Dunfermline :
This address was framed before I left the British shore. I
thought I was to speak to men. I find a charming variation in
your legal procedure, and that a large and beautiful portion of
the audience is composed of ladies. Now, ladies, don^t be dis-
appointed. I must read the address as it was written, and it was
written to the gentlemen of the Bar of America. But don't be
disappointed, because, if the Chief Justice will permit me,
gentlemen on this occasion will always embrace ladies.
The address of Lord Shaw was then delivered.
{See Address, page 219.)
The President :
We have listened tonight to a wonderful oration. I do not
recall a more learned, lucid, or interesting address in the history
of this Association. But, members of the Association, you have
only heard from one side of the channel. You are now to hear
from a gentleman who comes from a war-stricken country, but a
country whose brave sons have not lost heart because of being
war-stricken.
The eminent lawyer from Paris who is to speak to you is
showing a courage that I am sure none of us possess. I am
confident no man in the Bar Association here, with the excep-
tion of one or two gentlemen whom I see at my left, would have
the courage to go to Paris and address an audience of French
lawyers in their own tongue. But our friend comes to us so
equipped that he can speak to us in English. It is only in
recent years, as you all know, that our French friends have re-
garded it as essential to know any language but French, because
every gentleman was supposed to know French. But they have
found in the last five or six years that, while Americans can't
2
32 AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION.
all speak French, they can fight like Frenchmen, and many of
us are learning their tongue.
I spoke of the meeting in 1913. We then had with us at
Montreal that great French advocate Labori. He has passed
away since then, but it is his intimate friend who has been
named by the Council of Advocates of the City of Paris to speak
to us tonight, and I have great pleasure in presenting to you
Monsieur Henry Aubepin of the Paris Bar.
The address of. M. Aubepin was then delivered.
(See Address, poffe 244.)
Adjourned until August 10 at 10 A. M.
Fourth Session.
Thursday, August 10, 1922, 10 A. M.
The President :
Gentlemen of the Association, I have as much of assurance as
any decent man ought to have, but I haven't enough to make a
speech presenting to you the speaker this morning, as you know
him so much better than you do me. The Chief Justice of the
United States.
Chief Justice Taft then delivered his address entitled " Pos-
sible and Needed Reforms in the Administration of Justice in
the Federal Courts/'
(See Address, page 250.)
«
The President :
We will now listen to a report of the Executive Committee
upon a resolution which was yesterday introduced, and which
embodies the suggestion with which the Chief Justice closed
his remarks. This report is the unanimous report of the Exec-
utive Committee, and will now be read by the Secretary.
The Secretary :
The resolution is as follows :
Whereas, One of the gravest duties confrontine the judges and
lawyers of America is an administration of justice that will command
the respect and veneration of the people,
RESOLUTION ADOPTED. 33
Resolved, Pint, that Congress be and it is hereby respectfully peti-
tioned to provide by suitable statutory law for the creation of a com-
mission, the personnel of which shall be appointed by the President
and be composed of two Justices of the Supreme Court, two Circuit
Judges, two District Judges, and three members of the Bar of high
standing and qualified by learning and experience. Such Commission
shall prepare and recommend to Congress amendments to the present
statutes and the judicial code, authorizing a unit administration of law
and equity in one form of civil action.
Second, that such act shall provide for a permanent commission,
created in the same manner, with power to prepare a ^stem of rules
of procedure for adoption by the Supreme Court, with power to amend
from time to time. Such rules and amendments, after approval by
the Supreme Court, shall be submitted to Congress for its action, and
shall become effective in six months after such submission, if Congress
shall take no action thereon.
The Committee moves the adoption of that resolution.-
The motion was seconded from the floor.
The President:
It is moved and seconded that the report of the Committee
as read by the Secretary, be adopted. Are there any remarks ?
If not, all in favor of the adoption of the report will say " Aye.'*
Opposed, " No." It is unanimously carried.
The Secretary :
At the request of the members of this Association and of the
members of the Bar from the Pacific Coast States, your attention
is called to the special notice on our program of a meeting of the
members of the Bar from those states at 4.30 o'clock this after-
noon in the Yosemite Hall of the Native Sons Building. A
matter of importance to be discussed at that meeting is indicated
on the program.
At the session of the Association tonight, the first floor of
the auditorium will be reserved for members of the American
Bar Association and their wives until eight o'clock. After that
the hall will be thrown open to the public.
The President :
The next order of business is the report of the Committee on
Promotion of American Ideals. In the absence of the Chair-
man of the committee, Judge Wade, of Iowa, the report will
be read by B. E. L. Saner, of Texas, the second member of the
committee.
34 AMSEICAN BAB ASS00UT)[6^.
Committee on Promotion of American Ideals:
The report of the Committee on Promotion of American Ideak
was read by Mr. Saner.
{See Report, page 416.)
E. E. L. Saner, of Texas:
I move that this report be adopted, and the recommendations
therein contained be approved.
The President :
I understand the mover of the motion has amended the written
report .so as to provide that the committee to be appointed
should, for the present, be a special committee, owing to the
fact that no new standing committee can be created without an
amendment to the Constitution. Are there any remarks to be
made upon the subject?
William H. Lamar, of the District of Columbia:
It would hardly seem necessary to offer anything in support
of this resolution, in view of the manifest way in which the
proposition has been received by the Association. I have been
requested to furnish to the meeting some data on the subject
that may be of interest to you, however.
This report of the committee covers a wide field of all classes
of matter that is being injected into the public mind, from all
of the discordant sources that tend to weaken the strength of our
fundamental principles of government. Millions of newspapers
and periodicals are putting out matter at all times that seriously
affects the public mind. It is not with respect to the general
class of literature of this kind that I would draw your attention
at the present time. As solicitor for the Post Office Depart-
ment for eight years, I had peculiar opportunity to see the So-
cialistic and Communistic matter that is being published and
circulated throughout this country. I simply wish to call atten-
tion to the number of publications that are printing this matter
and giving it to the public at all times. The present number of
radical publications in this country, published in foreign Ian*
guage and in English, amounts to over 600. These publications
are such that it is difficult to determine their entire circulation,
BEP0BT8 OP SE0TI0N8, 35
but some 87 of the 600, weekly and daily^ go to the American
people of the class who read this kind of matter, to the extent
of over 700,000 copies. Yon find them on the news-stands. But
this number that I am talking about are sent through the mails.
Of the remainder of the 600 publications, there is no definite
way of determining their circulation from oflBcial sources. But
it is evident that there are from two and a half to three million
people in the United States that read this class of injurious
matter, so forcibly referred to by our President, and referred
to in a more general way in the report of the committee which
has just been read.
The President :
If there are no further remarks upon the report, the question
is on the adoption of the report of the committee and the ap-
proval of its recommendations. All in favor of the adoption
and approval will say '^ Aye.*' Opposed, " No.*' I am glad to
say it is unanimously adopted.
The Association then took a recess until 2 P. M.
Fifth Session.
Thursday, August 10, 1922, 2 P. M.
Charles Thaddeus Terry, of New York, Acting Chairman :
Will the Associatioi> please be in order. We have a precise
program for this afternoon's session.
Section of Criminal Law :
W. 0. Hart, of Louisiana:
Mr. Abbott being imavoidably absent has requested me as
Vice-President of the Section to make a very brief report.
The report of Section of Criminal Law was then read.
{See Report in Appendix,)
Mr. Hart:
I move that the report be received, and be made a part of the
records of the Association. "
The motion was seconded and carried.
36 AMERICAN BAR A8S0GIATI()N.
Comparative Law Bnreau:
Robert P. Shick, of Pennsylvania:
I have no report to submit, other than the simple annals of
the work which we have done during the past year, and the fruit
of which you have seen in the April number of the Journal.
In this day of budget reform, it might be well to call the Asso-
ciation's attention to the fact that the Bureau has not cost the
Association one dollar during the last year, and for several
years last past. We have, however, quite a number of publica-
tions that I think would be of interest to the members of the
Association, and we invite your attention to those translations of
foreign codes. They will furnish you quite a little of intellectual
pabulum, if you would purchase them, and you would also help
us to go forward in the work of making other transactions. We
have one large translation, a monumental piece of work, the
translation of a Spanish publication, which I think is of great
interest out here in California, and particularly all through the
Spanish State*. We would be very much encouraged if the
Association would take a little more interest in the publications
of our Bureau, purchase them, purchase those that we have, and
enable us to secure the funds with which to go forward with our
work.
We have, during the past year, realized the practical value of
our work. We have had inquiries from 'a great many sources,
so that the information that we Beem to be getting together, all
research work, seems to be of more and more practical value, in
view of the increasing international relations — for instance, we
have had an inquiry frpm Czecko-Slovakia. They want to be in
touch with American lawyers, and they have applied to us, and
they are going to bring to that Bureau a knowledge of the Czecko-
Slovakia conditions, and we will get the information of our con-
ditions to them through our Journal. I tliink the Association
owes it to itself, as well as to this Bureau, to take a little more
interest in our work. As Secretary, I welcome the cooperation
of all tlie members, and I hope that, during the coming year, I
may hear more from the members of the Association, and that
they will take a greater interest in our work.
REPORTS OF SECTIONS. 37
Judicial Seetion:
John P. Brificoe, of Maryland:
This Section has a report, and I want to sa;y that we have had
a very successful year^ and an unusually large attendance of
judges at this time. It has been very satisfactory to us. If you
recall, this Section was added and made a part of the American
Bar Association at Montreal in 1913, and under the resolution
that was adopted, the Conference of Judges is required to meet
every year, just prior to the meeting of the American Bar Asso-
ciation. Unfortunately for our Section, we have a very short
time. The judges are not allowed to do much talking during
the year, and when they get thus far away from their homes,
as I am, for instance, away from my home in the east, we like to
do as much talking as we can, and a day is not very much time
for it. Unfortunately our Section has a conflict with two other
sections, the Criminal Ijaw and the Bar Delegates Conference,
which meet at the same time. The object, of course, of this
Section, Mr. Chairman, is probably well known. It was estab-
lished for a conference of judges, and a discussion and inter-
change of ideas as to their duties, and the responsibility of the
judiciary. All federal and state judges of record who are mem-
bers of this Association are members of this Judicial Section.
We have had a very pleasant meeting. Two very interesting
papers were read — one by Justice Wilbur of the Supreme Court
of California,' another by Justice Conrey of the Court of Appeals
of Los Angeles. We had a very pleasant, delightful dinner. We
had Chief Justice Taft, I»rd Shaw, and the representative of
the Bar of Franco — M. Aubepin — ^also our former Ambassador
to Great Britain — Mr. John W. Davis — and Judge Hunt. I
would like to state that the registry of judges at this time went
up as high as 130, We never had over 100 before this.
That is all we have to report, except that during the year we
assisted the Committee on Uniform Judicial Procedure, and its
representative, Mr. Shelton, in endeavoring to get through Con-
gress the bill providing for making new rules &r the United
States Courts, some of which were spoken of by our Chief Jus-
tice this morning in his address. We had the pleasure of going
to Washington with Mr. Shelton, and also with our President,
38 AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION.
Mr. Severance^ and appearing before the Goinmittee on Judiciary
of the House of Bepresentatives, and also of the Senate. The
adoption of those rules has been urged by the Judicial Section
of the American Bar Association since it has been in existence
practically. There seemed to be some objection, both in the
House and the Senate, and both adjourn every year with these
resolutions pending.
I had a very pleasant talk with Eepresentative Volstead, of
Minnesota, whom I suppose you all recognize as the father of
the prohibition laws. He is very anxious* to get a favorable
report. This Section stands ready, Mr. Chairman — ^and this is
about the only report I have to make — to assist the main body,
the parent body, the American Bar Association, in any way we
can, at any time.
The Chairman:
Gentlemen, you have heard the report of the Judicial Section.
What is your pleasure with reference to it? The chair will
entertain a motion that it be received, appproved and made a
part of the proceedings.
The motion was made and carried.
Section of Legal Education :
John W. Sanborn, of Minnesota:
The last meeting of the American Bar Association adopted
certain standards for admission to the Bar. The Section of
Legal Education was directed to do certain things with regard
to those standards. The most important work was to call a con-
ference of the bar associations of the country, with the purpose
of asking the endorsement of those standards.
Immediately following the meeting at Cincinnati, the Council
of Legal Education requested the Council of the Conference of
Bar Associations to call a special meeting of that Conference,
to be held in Washington during the winter, for the purpose of
considering the recommendations of the American Bar Associa-
tion, with reference to the standards of admission to the Bar.
The Council of Bar Association Delegates agreed to take the
BBP0BT8 OF SB0TI0N8. 39
burden of this, and the Conference was called^ and a joint com-
mittee of the two Councils was entrusted with the arrangement
The proceedings of the Conference have been published ai^^
distributed to the members of the Bar Association. That Con-
ference endorsed the standards adopted by the American Bar
Association. The Council on Legal Education was also directed
to secure the direct endorsement^ as far as possible^ of the stand-
ards by the various state bar associations of the country. The
matter has been called to the attenti(m of the different state bar
associations. It has been discussed by a number of them. Some
of them have endorsed it^ some have left it over for further dis-
cussion^ and, as far as the Council is now advised, no bar associa-
tion has refused directly to endorse these standards.
The Council was further directed to examine the law schools
of the country, and to publish a list of the law schools which com-
plied with the standards adopted by the American Bar Associa-
tion, and also those that do not. ^That examination is a matter
of some difficulty, and has been the subject of careful considera-
tion by the Council. The law schools of the country have been
asked for the information which is considered necessary, at least
in a preliminary way, to make such a classification, and the
information is now being furnished to the Council, and we expect
to continue with that work. I hope, some time during the fall,
at least to announce a preliminary list as to the classification of
the law schools.
Since the Washington Conference, the work of the Section has
been largely administrative. A great deal more, however, has
been done in the office of the Council than has been done here
at this meeting, for instance. The report asks for no action on
the part of the Bar Association, and I move that it be received
and placed on file.
The motion was seconded and carried.
Section of Patent, Trademark and Copyright Law :
A. C. Paul, of Minnesota :
There are two matters that I am instructed, by the Patent
Section, to report to this Association, the second of which re-
quires some action by the Association. At the meeting last year
40 AMERICAN BAR ASSOGIATIOK.
at Cincinnati^ the Patent Section asked the American Bar Asso-
ciation to endorse a bill that was then pending before Congress
for the reorganization, to a certain extent, of the force of the
Patent Office, and some increase in the force, and increaBe in
salaries. There had been no increase in salaries of the Examiners
of the Patent Office for a period of forty years, and we were unable
to retain the skilled men in the office on the salaries that were
being paid. The Association endorsed that bill, and it was passed
by Congress and became a law on the 18th of February. I am
very sure that the endorsement of that bill by this Association
aided very .greatly in its passage by Congress, and the results are
all that we hoped. The men are remaining in office very satisfac-
torily, there is an entirely different spirit among them, the work
is being hurried and brought up to date, and I think the
Patent Office will very soon be in very satisfactory shape in this
respect.
The second matter is this : For a period of two years the Pat-
ent Section has been working on a revision of the Federal Trade-
mark Law. There are, at the present time, seven federal statutes
relating to trademarks. A committee was appointed at the
meeting last year, to draft a bill for fortifying the trademark
law, and making some changes therein. It is not the purpose of
the committee to make any drastic changes in the law. The bill
prepared by the committee has been printed, and the report of
the committee printed and distributed. It will not be necessary
for me to do more than call attention to that report. Yesterday
the Patent Section adopted the report of the committee, and the
Section now reports this bill to the Association, and asks its en-
dorsement, so that the same may be presented to Congress.
I move, Mr. Chairman, the acceptance of the report and the
endorsement of this bill by the American Bar Association.
The motion was seconded and carried.
National Conference of Commissioners on Tlnif orm State Laws :
Nathan William MacChesney, of Illinois:
The National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State
Laws, as you know, meets for the six days preceding the meeting
REP0BT8 OF SECTIONS. 41
of the American Bar, as a body of official commissioners ap-
pointed by the governors of the respective states under statutory
authority. This Conference, held in San Francisco, has been one
of the most successful in the thirty-two years of the history of
the Conference, in results in securing the passage of approved
acts.
The Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws,
as most of you know, has a record which is second to no organi-
zation in the country in constructive achievement, and it per-
haps has contributed sis much to the reputation of the American
Bar Association for constructive work in the field of law as anv
organization connected with it. In fact, it has to its credit 399
legislative enactments today, which are the law in various states
of the union, three of which acts are in effect in California, the
most notable being the Negotiable Instrument Act. The Confer-
ence this year has to present, for your approval, through its
President, and, as such. Chairman of the Uniform Law Com-
mittee of the American Bar Association, four acts which have
been discussed in a detailed way usual in that Conference. We
employ expert draughtsmen. The matter is discussed year
after year, until the act comes out in the form in which the
Conference is ready to recommend it to the American Bar Asso-
ciation, and to the legislatures of the country for adoption.
I therefore, Mr. Chairman, beg leave to present the following
formal report :
To the American Bar Association:
As President of the National Conference of Commissioners on Uni-
form State Laws, I have the honor to report that the following acts
have been approved by the Conference at its 1922 meeting and recom-
mended for adoption by the several states:
Uniform Declaratory Judgments Act.
Uniform Illegitimacy Act*.
Uniform State Law for Aeronautics.
Uniform Fiduciaries Act.
I ask that the above-mentioned acts be approved by the American Bar
AsBociation and recommended to the states for adoption. Copies of the
acts as approved by the Conference are herewith handed to the Secretary
of the Bar Association.
Respectfully submitted,
Nathan William MacChbsnby,
Premdent, National Coriference of Com-
migsioners on Uniform State Laws,
I move that the above-mentioned acts, in accordance with
cnstom, be approved by the American Bar Association, and
42 AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION.
recommended to the various legislatures of the states of the
union for adoption by them.
The motion was seconded and carried.
Conference of Bar Association Delegates:
■ ^
Clarence N. Gtoodwin, of Illinois:
It is the desire of the retiring Chairman of the Conference
to report to the American Bar Association informally, not by a
written report. There are a number of things in connection
with the work of the Conference that I desire to call to the
attention of the American Bar Association. You are not all
familiar with the work of the Conference, and so I will say that
the Conference of Bar Association Delegates was originally
called into being by a resolution presented by the Hon. Elihu
Root, whose absence here we deplore, and passed by the Ameri-
can Bar Association. The original Conference was held in 1915,
and has been followed by Conferences each year. It has become
an organic part of the American Bar Association, and it has a
two-fold function.
First, to collect from all the bar associations of the country
such suggestions as they have to make, regarding a betterment
in the administration of justice, better conditions in the Bar,
and after considering that, to report their conclusions to the
American Bar Association, and to the local associations.
Its second function, which is quite as important as the first,
is to receive from the American Bar Association, particularly,
suggestions which it deems of importance, and bring them to
the attention of the local bar associations of the country.
Under the first head it took up the matter of legal aid.
After considering it, it brought it to the attention of the Amer-
ican Bar Association and the local bar associations, with the
result that it became one of the major activities of the American
Bar Association, and was presented to the meeting in St. Louis.
Again, the American Bar Association, at the conclusion of the
last conference held in Cincinnati, asked that a special confer-
ence be called in Washington, so that it might present, at that
conference, its suggestions and position with reference to stand-
ards of legal education. That conference met in Washington on
HEP0RT8 OF SECTIONS. 48
•
the 2dd and 24th of February^ and^ in addition to its Chairman^
was presided over by the Chief Justice of the United States,
William G. McAdoo, John W. Davis^ and Hampton L. Carson.
The Conference was attended by representatives of over 170
bar associations, sending 660 delegates and alternates, and at
the conclusion of two days, by an overwhelming vote, in the face
of what had been most decided, but what continued to be dwind-
ling opposition, the recommendations of the American Bar
Association were adopted.
The annual meeting of the Conference was held in this halL
For some time the Conference had been known as the National
Conference of Bar Association Delegates. By an amendment
that was shortened to the National Conference of Bar Associa-
tions. At the same meeting, owing to the absence of Elihu Boot,
we found that our By-Laws prevented him from continuing as a
member of the Council, because he had not been certified as a
delegate. A By-Law was adopted, which provides that officers
during their terms need not be appointed as delegates. There was
also presented at that meeting a report on state bar associations,
the progress made in various states towards the creation of ma-
chinery for Bar government. We also listened to a most delightful
address on the organization and government of the Bar of Paris,
by Henry Aubepin. We also had the pleasure in the afternoon of
listening to the President of the American Bar Association, on the
subject of a better and more coordinated effort, on the part of the
bar associations of the country, toward bringing them into closer
contact, and making them a more efficient instrument for the
better administration of justice.
The result of the address, and the discussion that followed it,
was the resolution for the appointment of a committee to investi-
gate by what means this coordination can be brought about, and
the feasibility of the federation of the bar associations of the
country. This may be said, however, that the American Bar
Association, through the Conference, has brought into close
association with itself all the bar associations of the country,
and is exercising, I believe, for the first time, decided and satis-
factory leadership.
There were some other resolutions adopted, one affirming the
position taken in regard to th^ unlawful practice of the law, a^d
44 AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION.
approving what had been done by the Bar Association of Cali-
fornia. With your permission, Mr. Chairman, I will embody
the other resolutions in a formal report to the Bar Association.
In conclusion, I would like to say that, at the evening session,
we had the privilege of listening to Mr. McAdoo address the
Conference on the subject of the duty of the lawyer to the nation,
and also had the privilege of listening to a most delightful
address by the Chief Justice of the United States, whose interest
in the Bar is a matter of gratification to all of the members of
the American Bar Association, and to the Bar of the country.
The Chairman :
The ordinary course will be taken with reference to this
report of Judge Goodwin for the Conference of Bar Delegates,
namely, that it be approved, and deemed part of the proceedings
in a written form which he is to supply, unless there be an
objection. There being none, that course will be followed.
Committee on ProfesBional Ethics and OrievanceB:
Thomas Francis Howe, of Illinois :
The report of the committee has already been printed. Among
other things, the report calls attention to the abuses that have
arisen under the system of advertising by so-called patent attor-
neys, many of whom are laymen admitted to practice in the
Patent Office as attorneys in fact. The committee has recom-
mended the adoption of the following resolution :
Resolved, That the Association requests the Commissioner of Patents
to include in the regulations for the conduct of those registering as
attorneys in the Patent OflSce, a rule prohibitng the solicitation of busi-
ness, so long as they are designated or allowed to describe themselves as
patent attorneys.
I move the adoption of that resolution.
The motion was seconded.
«
The Chairman :
Mr. Howe, would you be good enough to explain, perhaps a
little more fully, just what that recommendation portends?
Mr. Howe:
Under a recently enacted statute, the Commissioner of Pat-
ents is given authority to regulate the conduct of those laymen
BBP0BT8 OF C0MMITIBB3. 45
and attorneys who are registered as patent attorneys in the
patent office. The Commissioner^ at some one^s suggestion^
asked the President of this Association, to appoint a committee
to assist him in drafting rules governing the conduct of these
so-called patent attorneys. I do not know just how far that
committee worked and assisted him^ but the rules have been pre-
pared, and instead of adopting a rule prohibiting solicitation of
business by these attorneys, the rule was adopted that all adver-
tisements which these attorneys wished to insert, should be
prepared and submitted to the Commissioner or his appointees,
for that purpose, before publication. I suppose you are all
familiar with the many evils that have resulted from the publi-
cation of many misleading advertisements by these so-called
patent attorneys in the press, throughout the country, particu-
larly in the rural districts, and your committee has thought
it was advisable to strengthen, the hands of the Commissioner by
advising him officially, if he so desired, as to what the American
Bar Association's attitude towards the matter was.
The Chairman :
Members of the Association, you have heard the recommen-
dations of the Committee on Ethics and Grievances. What is
your pleasure ?
On motion duly seconded, the resolution was adopted.
Mr. Howe:
I now wish to offer a further resolution, on behalf of the
committee. The committee recommends that the following reso-
lution be adopted :
Resolved, That a special committee be appointed by the Prettdent
to investigate and determine by what rights, if any, laymen who are
registered as attorneys in fact in the Patent Office, and in the office
of the Commissioner of Internal Revenue, use the words "patent at-
torney'' or ^^ income tax attorney," in designating their wonc, and to
recommend to the Association such action as may bring about the dis-
continuance of these misleading designations.
A. C. Paul, of Minnesota :
Speaking for myself, and not for the Patent Section, I desire
to say that I think the resolution offered by Mr. Howe, ought
to go a little further. If a committee is appointed to investigate
46 AMERICAN BAH ASSOOIATION.
the matters referred to^ I think it should not be limited simply to
the question of the use by practitioners before the Patent OflSce
of the words *' Patent Attorney/* I took this matter up with the
Commissioner of Patents a few weeks ago^ and he expressed his
hearty approval of this resolution of the committee, but he
suggested that it did not go far enough in the matter of investi-
gation, and if it was limited to simply the use of these words, it
probably would not accomplish very much. I have talked with
Mr. Howe about the matter this morning, and I wanted to make
a motion to amend this resolution, so that it will give the com-
mittee, if it is appointed, the power to go somewhat further than
is contemplated under the present resolution, and I have pre-
pared an amendment, which I will ask the Secretary to read.
I have changed it a little, Mr. Howe, but I think in a manner
that will be acceptable to you.
The Secretary :
The amendment is:
Add after the word " work " in the second resolution, the following :
"To investigate the conditions in the Patent Office, and in the office
of the Commissioner of Internal Revenue, with special reference to the
practice of the so-called attorneys," and add, at the end of the resolution,
the words, "and otherwise improve the practice before these depart-
ments."
So that the resolution shall read as follows :
Resolved, That a special committee be appointed by the President
to investigate and determine by what right, if any, laymen who are
registered as attorneys in fact in the Patent Office, and in the office
of the Conunissioner of Internal Revenue, use the words "patent at-
torney," or "income tax attorney," in designating their woA. and to
investigate conditions in the Patent Office and in the office of the Com-
miasioner of Internal Revenue, with special reference to the practice
of the so-called attorneys, and to recommend to the Association such
action as may bring about the discontinuance of these misleading desig-
nations, and otherwise improve the practice before these departments.
The Chairman:
The question is upon the amendment offered by Mr. Paul, of
Minnesota.
Mr. Howe:
On behalf of the committee, I wish to say that we are glad
to accept the amendment.
BBPOBTB OF OOMMIITEES. 47
The Chairman :
The committee accepts the amendment, and therefore the
motion is upon the resolution of the conamittee of which Mr.
Howe is Chairman, as amended by Mr. Paul, with the approval
of the committee.
Julius Henry Cohen, of New York :
Mr. Brown suggests that it is unnecessary for me to say any-
thing, because it is going to be passed anyway, but I would like to
suggest that this is a further evolution of the restriction of the
practice of law by laymen. The Treasury Department recently
put in effect regulations as a result of action taken by the
Conference of Bar Association Delegates, which regulates the
conduct of laymen before the Treasury Department, so as to
prevent soliciting and advertising for business, and this action
with reference to the* Patent Office is in the same direction. It
is important for us to connect these movements in our own
minds, so that we may understand the tendency.
Charles Henry Butler, of District of Columbia:
The Committee on Internal Revenue, of which I happen to
be the Chairman, will make a report tomorrow, and has con-
sidered this question of the relation' of attorneys practicing in
the Treasury Department, and their obligations to the depart-
ment, under the regulations which Mr. Cohen says have been
already promulgated, and the rights of attorneys thereunder,
which are matters that that committee is already considering, and
it seems to me, inasmuch as the Treasury Department has issued
regulations, and is enforcing them, that it might be well to sep-
arate this motion, and to keep it separately in the Committee
on Patents, and the Committee on Internal Revenue, so far as
it does not entrench upon the duties of the Committee on Un-
lawful Practice. ^
Now, in regard to the Treasury Department, I say that the
Commissioner there has acted in a very broad manner, and has
formulated and promulgated regulations which are very far
reaching, and which deal with this question of advertising
cards and solicitation. And what we are more anxious to do
than anything else at the present time, is to see that those
48 AMEBIOAN BAH ASSOCIATION.
attorneys at law who are admitted to practice in the Treasury
Department^ while they have to assume all these obligations,
and are under all the pains an.d penalties contained in those
regulations, that they shall have some of the rights of attorneys
also. In that respect our committee has had a number of
sessions with the Commissioner, the Secretary of the Treasury
and the assistants of the Secretary on this very subject, so this
matter is now being covered, and has already been covered in
one respect, by the committee of which Mr. Cohen speaks, and
has been covered by this other committee.
Bome G. Brown, of Minnesota:
May I suggest that this is a resolution only giving authority
to a committee to investigate and report. If they find that they
need authority beyond the scope which they are given, on
account of meeting with other conditions, then they can be given
that authority. It seems to me the resolution ought to stand
the way it is.
John B. Corliss, of Michigan :
It seems to me that this subject is already being covered by
two of our standing committees, the one on patents, and the
other on internal revenue, and that another additional com-
mittee is unnecessary. The subject-matter belongs to those two
committees, and the recommendation, it seems to me, should be
referred to them for action. It is unnecessary to multiply the
number of committees when you have standing committees upon
the subject-matter under discussion.
The Chairman:
Is there any further debate upon the question ?
Mr. Howe:
I might say^that the reason that this question is raised by
the Committee on Professional Ethics and Grievances is because
of the large number of complaints received by the committee
throughout the country during the past year. Those complaints
were against men who were using letterheads, designating them-
selves as patent attorneys or income tax attorneys, and your
committee was obliged, in almost every case, to respond to the
REPORTS OF COMMITTBES. 49
person making the complaint, that we could not take any action
on the matter, because the person complained of was not an
attomey-at-law. Hence, we undertook the investigation of the
question, and made this recommendation.
A. C. Paul, of Minnesota:
The Patent Section, I am sure, does not want this matter
referred to it. The complaints which Colonel Howe referred to
were submitted to the Patent Section. We think that the
Committee on Ethics and Grievances can handle this matter
much better than the Patent Section, and we hope that it will
remain there.
Barnett E. Marks, of Arizona :
I should like to see the motion or the amendment broadened
just a little bit to include the words, " land attorney." Coming
from a public land state, as I do, we are confronted with that
evil, in addition to the others already mentioned. If the
amendment could be broadened, so as to apply to the Com-
missioner of the Land Department as well, so that he might
also promulgate regulations touching the practice by these lay-
men, as land attorneys, who so advertise themselves, I think
it would be a good thing.
The Chairman:
You have heard the various suggestions made by Mr. Butler,
Mr. Oorfes, and Mr. Marks, and the. remarks of the Chair-
man of the committee which is involved. Are you now ready
for the question? The question is upon the adoption of the
resolution offered by the Committee on Ethics and Grievances,
as amended by Mr. Paul, the amendment being accepted by
the committee. All those in favor will please say, " Aye."
Opposed, " No." The resolution, as amended, is adopted.
Mr. Howe :
Mr. Chairman, during the year there was appointed a sub-
committee of the Executive Committee, to prepare a revision
of the By-Laws pertaining to the duty of the Committee on
Professional Ethics and Grievances. That sub-committee was
composed of Judge McClellan of Alabama, Mr. Richards of
50 AMERIOAN BAR ASSOCIATION.
Chicago^ and myself. The sub-committee prepared a revision of
the By-Laws, which was later referred to the committee, and the
committee revised it in some slight particulars. It has been
published, and the committee now recommends the adoption of
an amendment to By-Law VII by the substitution for the last
paragraph thereof, of the following:
1. The Committee on Professional Ethics and Grievances shall aasiflt
the state and local bar associations in all matters co'nceming their
activities, in respect to the ethics of the profession, collect and com-
municate to the Association information concerning such activities, and
from time to time make recommendations on the subject to the Asso-
ciation.
2. Be authorized in its discretion to express its opinion concerning
proper professional conduct, and, particularly concerning the applica-
tion of the tenets of ethics thereto, when consulted by officers or com-
mittees of state or local bar associations. Such expression of opinion
flihali only be made after consideration thereof at a meetixig of the com-
mittee, and approval by at least a majority of the committee.
3. Be authorized to hear, in meetings of the committee, on its own
motion, or upon a complaint preferred, charges of professional miscon-
duct against any member of the Association. As the result of such
hearing, it may recommend to the executive committee, the forfeiture
of the right of membership by any such member. All such recommenda-
tions shall be accompanied by a transcript of the evidence, and shall
only be made after the accused member has been given notice of the
nature of the complaint, cmd after reasonable opportunity has been
accorded him or her to submit evidence cmd argument in defense.
4. Forfeiture of the membership of any member as hereinbefore pro-
vided, shall become effective when approved by a majority of all of the
members of the executive committee, and all interest in the property
of the Association of the person whose membership is so forfeited shall
ipso facto vest in the Association. The membership in the Association,
and all interests in the property of the Association of a member shall
ipso facto cease upon his disbarment, or a final judgment of conviction
of a felony.
5. Whenever the specific charges of unprofessional conduct shall be
made against any member of the Bar, whether or not a member of this
Association, and the chairman of the Committee on Professional Ethics
and Grievances is of the opinion that the case is such as requires in-
vestigation, or prosecution in the courts, the same shall be referred
by the chairman to the appropriate state or local bar association where
such attorney resides, and it shall be the duty of the Chairman to co-
operate with the local Vice-President of this Association for the state
where such attorney resides, to urge the appropriate officers or com-
mittees of the state or local bar association to institute inquiries into the
merits of the complaint, and to take such action thereon as may be
appropriate, with the view to the vindication of lawyers unjustly accused,
and the discipline, by the appropriate tribunal, of lawyers guilty of
unprofessional conduct.
6. The committee, with the approval of the executive committee, shall
formulate rules not inconsistent with this by-law, to give effect to the
foregoing provisions, which rules shall be published ii^ the aPQual
reports of the Association.
BBP0RT8 OF COMMITTEES. 61
I move the adoption of the amendment.
The motion was seconded and carried.
(See Report, page 285,)
The Chairman :
The President of the Association has an interesting telegram,
and is going to resume the Chair.
The President:
I am very grateful, indeed, Mr. Terry, for your guidance in
presiding this afternoon when I was unable to be present. I have
received, since the adjournment this noon, a most interesting
telegram, which is additional evidence of the widespread feeling
in this country concerning the subject-matter which was last
acted upon at the morning session. This telegram is from the
Attomey-Gteneral of the United States, and I will read it. It is
addressed to me as President of the Bar Association, and sent
from Washington this morning.
Washinoton, D. C, August 10, 1922.
C. A. Severance, Esq., President, American Bar Association, San Fran-
CISCO, CaL
Representatives of the Bar exercise a great influence in ehaping public
opinion, and I trust consideration and action will be given to the follow-
ing question which I consider a great national interest.
The preservation of life, hberty and property requires that the Ameri-
can people be retaught the fundamental principles of government
as established by the fathers. When there is a neglect of duty or lack of
courage on the part of American citizens which leads to failure to adhere
to and to teach the doctrines of sound government, the perpetuity of
our institutions is menaced and the sacred rights of those who live
now and who will live after us are endangered. Too many people in this
coimtry have been listening to the teachings of foreign doctrines by
imsound advocates who have left countries which their doctrines have
destroyed
I urge that steps be taken before you adjourn to the end that in every
state, county and municipality, organizations be perfected to teach the
principles of and the necessity for sound government. Teachers and
preachers, both men and women, will follow up the work if you lead. A
movement of this character is as essential in time of peace as in time of
war and is needed now as it never was before. I believe that the great
majority of the press will aid and that that portion of the press which
caters to and preaches and advocates unsound doctrines will be disre-
garded by the American people who place citizenship and sound govern-
ment above self-constituted authority.
Harrt M. Daughbrty,
Attorney General of the United States^
52 AMERICAN BAB ABSOOIATION.
The President:
Unless there is objection, I will take the liberty of sending a
telegram to the Attorney-General, in response to this message,
saying to him that the very action he proposes was taken this
morning by unanimous vote of the Association.
Committee on Commerce, Trade and Commercial Law :
W. H. H. Piatt, of Missouri :
This committee's report reaches some 34 pages in printed form,
and has been handed out for distribution. It deals with matters
that have been before the committee for some three years. In
it is found three acts which the committee has drafted with the
assistance of a special draughtsman. Professor Williston, of Har-
vard University, notably the National Sales Act, an act for
arbitration, — ^a national arbitration act, and an act authorizing
the making of treaties authorizing arbitration, and also an act
covering uniform state arbitration, which was drawn by the com-
mittee under an instruction from a previous session of this organi-
zation, in connection with the federal act. A request will be
made upon this organization to have this latter act referred to
the Commissioners on Uniform Laws for their consideration in
the future.
The report is summarized in 13 recommendations, and, as has
been the practice indulged in, in regard to this committee, by this
organization in the pai?t, those recommendations have been put in
the form of recommendations for resolution, and unless there is
an objection, it will be presented as heretofore, the entire number
of recommendations presented, and then made as one resolution,
authorizing all of the recommendations at one time. If there is
objection to that procedure, then we, of course, will be under the
necessity, Mr. Chairman, of taking up these 13 recommendations
separately.
The President i
Is there any objection? The Chair hears none. You may
proceed.
W. H. H. Piatt:
And I may say, if the Chair please, that in the Sales Act, the
committee discovered, since the printing of the report, there
BBP0BT8 OF GOMKITTBBS. 53
were five necessary words that had been omitted from the conclu-
sion of Section 55, which the committee has taken the liberty of
writing in, and will turn in as the corrected report. In para-
graph 10, the committee has written a recommendation to the
commissioners which will be rfead here, instead of the printed
•recommendation covering that resolution, to- wit, the Uniform Act
on Arbitration for States. Under the instructions, as given by the
chairman, I move the adoption of the report and the 13 recom-
mendations made as resolutions on the part of the committee, and
the acceptance of the report and its approval.
(The 10th recommendation to which Mr. Piatt referred reads
as follows :
That a resolution be adopted referring to the National Conference of
Commissioners on Uniform State Laws for its consideration, the bill
herewith submitted by your committee as to a Uniform State Arbitra-
tion Act. (Appendix C.))
The motion was seconded.
The President :
You have heard the motion, that the 13 recommendations pro-
posed by the Committee on Commerce, Trade and Commercial
Law be approved and adopted.
William V. Booker, of Indiana:
May I inquire what subjects are embraced in the matter of
arbitration^ as proposed by Mr. Piatt's committee?
W. H. H. Piatt :
Commercial arbitration was the subject that the Committee
on Commerce, Trade and Commercial Law first took under con-
sideration in conformity with the resolution of this body passed
three years ago. That was referred to the Commission, that
particular bill that you have inquired about.
The President :
Are there any further inquires or remarks? If not, all in
favor of the motion as made by Mr. Piatt, will say *' Aye ''; op-
posed ^ No.*' The motion is carried.
{8e$ Report, page 288,)
54 AKSRICAK BAB ASSOOIATION.
Committee on Inteniational Law:
James Brown Scott, of the District of Columbia:
The Committee on International Law of the American Bar
Association has presented its report. It has been printed and
distributed and hence it is not necessary to take up your time by
an attempt to read it at this late hour. I would like to say that
the method of preparing the report has been somewhat different
this year from the times past. The committee has remembered
that the American Ba.r Association is a body composed of lawyers,
and, therefore, that the international events to be discussed
would better be those of a legal nature, and that the international
events or the international agreements should be those to which
the United States was a party. Therefore, the report consists of
four parts ; a discussion of the International Court of Justice, and
the last steps taken to complete it; second, a discussion of the
treaties which have recently been concluded between the United
States and Germany, putting an end to the state of war between
those two countries; in the next place, a consideration of the Four
Power Treaty, and the procedure and results of the Washington
Conference on the Limitation of Armaments; and, lastly a mere
statement of the meeting of delegates of Peru and Chile, in the
City of Washington, under an invitation of the President, in order
that, by a free discussion on neutral soil, the long-standing diflB-
culty between those two coimtries respecting the possession of a
strip of territory might be settled. The committee, however, felt
that in addition to a report of an expository nature, it might make
one recommendation, and that recommendation is of a very gen-
eral nature, namely, the expression of a hope that some way might
be found by which the government of the United States might
participate in the proceedings and in the benefits of the Inter-
national Court of Justice which has recently been established,
and which is now in session in The Hague.
Permit me to recall the fact that an honored President of this
Association, a past President of this Association, when Secre-
tary of State of the United States, Mr. Elihu Boot, instructed
the American delegation to the second Hague Peace Conference
to propose a permanent court of international justice, based upon
the nature and proceedings of the Supreme Court of the United
BBP0BT8 OF 00HHITTSB8. 56
States. A project to that effect was proposed, and it was unani-
mously approved, the difficulty, at that time, being the method of
selecting the judges. Through the kindly intervention of the
same gentleman who proposed the formation of such a tribunal,
Mr. Elihu Root, meeting with the committee of jurists at The
Hague in 1920, a method was selected and was devised of the
appointment of the judges which met with the unanimous ap-
proval of the nations, with the result that the project of 1907
was completed by appropriate articles relating to the appointment
of the judges, and that august tribunal has been in session at
The Hague, the first true international tribunal. It met on the
15th day of June of the present year.
I will ask that the resolution which I have spoken of and ven-
tured to present on behalf of the committee be submitted to and
adopted by the Association in the hope that a way be found by
which the government of the United States may participate in
the proceedings and the benefits of the International Court of
Justice.
The President :
The Secretary will read this resolution of Dr. Scott's that is
presented on behalf of the committee.
The Secretary (reading) :
The American Bar Association, at its 45th annual meeting, held in the
City of San Francisco, on the 10th day of August, 1922, expresses the
hope that a way may be found by which the government of the United
States may avail itself of the permanent Court of International Justice.
The President:
I imderstand you move this resolution ?
Mr. Scott :
I so move, Mr. President.
The motion was seconded and carried.
C. N. Goodwin, of Illinois:
I rise to make a suggestion in the interest, if not of peace,
of a good-feeling on the part of the American Bar Association
and all its members, concerning the specific proposal by Mr.
Scott I think we are all agreeid concerning our commenda-
tion for the industry of this committee, and the very admir-
56 AMERICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
able manner in which it has presented its report. I think
we are all as one on that. But there is^ in this report^ a statement
that is highly objectionable to many delegates who are here, and
my request is going to be on the part of Mr. Scott to withdraw
an immaterial part of his report, and prevent the necessity of a
motion on the floor of this meeting.
On page 53 of the report, the committee — I mention the
fact that four of the five members of the committee have signed
the report — ^refers to the presentation of the Treaties of Ver-
sailles to the Senate of the United States, and the controversy
which arose in the Senate, in regard to those treaties. It con-
tinues: ''A situation had thus arisen, foreseen in the course
of the Federal Convention by Mr. Madison, to which is due, in
large measure, the placing of government under the present
constitution of ^ the states in their united capacity,' to use his
own happy phrase. The President, he said, would necessarily
derive so much power and importance from a state of war that
he might be tempted, if authorized, to impede a treaty of peace.
Unwillingness of the late President to accept reservations to
the Treaty of Versailles prevented peace by means of the treaty,
for a treaty, as such, cannot be made by Congress. A treaty is
an act to which two or more nations are parties. It is a bi-lateral
act." And then continues some discussion of the nature of a
treaty, and a quotation from Chief Justice Marshall which con-
tinues over on page 54.
The question of whether President Wilson was unwilling to
accept reasonable reservations in the Treaty of Versailles, and
whether his action, whatever it was, was the cause of the rejec-
tion of that treaty, is a controversial political question on which
this assembly is divided. It has no place here. We are met for
the improvement of the law, we are met here to bring about a more
efficient and satisfactory administration of justice, we are met to
produce better conditions in the Bar, and we cannot bring about
those results, if controversial questions, political questions on
which we are divided, are brought into this assembly, and there-
fore I ask, on behalf of those who feel as I do on this matter, Mr.
Scott, that you withdraw the portion of the report beginning on
page 53, with the words: "A situation had this arisen,'* and
continuing on through the first two lines on page 54.
RSPOBTS OF 00MMITTBB6. 57
The Prefiident:
Dr. Scott, you have heard the request made afi to the elimina-
tion of certain recitals in the report.
Mr. Scott:
Mr. Chairman, I would like to relieve his mind. There is no
intention of injecting any controversy, there is no intention of
producing a controversy, and it gives me very great pleasure in-
deed to accede to the request of the gentleman, because I think
we are here to unite, not to divide, and that anything that would
seem to be offensive to any member should be gladly eliminated
upon a request, without discussion.
The President:
Gentlemen, the report now stands before you deleted to the
extent stated by Judge Goodwin, namely, to strike out from the
middle of page 63, the part beginning, " A situation had thus
arisen,^' down to the end of the quotation from the Antelope case,
on page 54. That may be considered as eliminated. Are there
any other suggestions as to the report, aside from those made by
Judge Goodwin?
Judge Goodwin :
I move the adoption of the report as amended.
The motion was seconded and carried.
Mr. Scott:
I have a resolution which I would like to present, as the com-
plement of the preceding resolution, and I hope it will be found to
be of a non-controversial character.
The American Bar Association, at its 45th annual meeting, held in
the City of San Francisco, on August 10, 1922, expresses the hope that the
recommendation of the committee of jurists assembled at The Hague,
in 1920, proposed by the Hon. Elihu Root, first, that a new conference
of the nations in continuation of the first two conferences at The Hague
be held as soon as practicable, for the following purposes: 1. To renstate
the establii^ed rules of international law, especially in the first instance
in the fields affected by the events of the recent war. 2. To formulate
and agree upon the amendments and additions, if any, to the rules of
international law shown to be necessary or useful by the events of the
war, and the changes in the conditions of international life and inter-
course which have followed the war. 3. To endeavor to reconcile
diver^nt views and secure general agreement upon the rules which have
been m dispute heretofore. 4. To consider the subjects not now ade-
58 AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION.
quately reflated by international law, but as to which the interests
of international justice require that rules of law shall be declared and
accepted. To render this recommendation effectivei the American Bar
Association instructs its Committee on International Law to present
a report to the next meeting of the Association concerning, in general,
each of said recommendations.
The motion was seconded.
The President:
It has been moved and seconded^ that the resolution offered by
Mr. Scott be adopted. I understand that it is a recommendation
unanimously adopted by the jurists at The Hague^ upon the sug-
gestion of Mr. Boot.
Mr. Scott:
Yes, proposed by Mr. Root.
Chief Justice Taft:
Is a motion to amend the resolution in order?
The President :
Yes.
Chief Justice Taft :
The first resolution that was passed, as I understand it^ inti-
mated a desire on the part of the committee, and which desire
was approved by the Association, that some means should be
found by which the United States could have the benefit of
association in the International Court now sitting at The Hague.
Now, this resolution is an instruction to the Committee on
International Law, upon certain subjects, instructions drafted by
Mr. Boot, and I have no doubt the Association would gladly adopt
those resolutions, or rather, the instruction to the committee,
but it seems to me it might be well to add that the committee be
also instructed to report the machinery that it has in mind in
the first general resolution which we adopted, namely, to suggest
the changes in the statute organizing the present court, which it
seems to the committee might make it possible for the United
States to become a party to that court, without further obligation.
In other words, I think the committee ought to carry it further
than a mere general expression of hope. I think they ought to
formulate something so as to help us in respect to reaching that
which they express a hope may come.
BSP0BT8 Oir OOltliCITTHBd. 69
And I move^ therefore^ that that be adopted as part of this
resolution, namely, an instruction to the committee to formulate
such amendments or changes in the statute which now consti-
tutes the court which, in the judgment of the committee, might
jnake it possible for the United States to accept it.
The President:
Is the amendment seconded?
The amendment was seconded and carried.
The President:
The question now is upon the resolution offered by Mr. Scott,
as amended by the Chief Justice. Are there any further re-
marks ? If not, all in favor will say " Aye.^^ Opposed, " No.^'
The resolution is unanimously adopted.
(See Report, page 3^3.)
Committee on Insurance Law:
James E. Kerr, of Oregon :
I have been requested by Mr. Vorys, to present his report in
his absence. The report is here in the form of a very succint
typewritten statement, which can scarcely be summarized in
any shorter space than it is written.
On behalf of the Committee on Insurance Law, I move that
the Committee be instructed to continue furnishing copies of
the Code to those interested in such legislation in the several
states, and that the committee urge upon the Congress the
enactment of a code for the regulation of insurance in the
District of Columbia, and I add to that motion that this report
be received and made a part of this proceeding.
The motion was seconded and carried.
(See Report, page 363.)
Committee on Publicity :
Mitchell D. FoUansbee, of Illinois :
Your committee has reported briefly on page 77 of the pam-
phlet of reports. It has no resolutions to offer, but it takes this
60 AMBRICAN BAK ASSOCIATION.
opportunity to thank the yarions news-gathering agencies, such
as the Associated Press, for their courteous and generous and
constant cooperation. Publicity, of course, is debarred to the
individual practitioner, but this is a matter of collective bar-
gaining, and there is a sanction to the written word. It Las.
been the theory of us amateurs, that the more times the Ameri-
can Bar Association could be mentioned with approbation in
the papers scattered around the country, which the plain and
other people read, the more sanction would be given to it, and
more weight would be given to its recommendation. So, while
the Publicity Committee does not write the speeches that are
delivered, it digests and sends them out from coast to coast, and
during the year it sends out matters that may be of interest or
may be assumed to be news. We tested the results of our efforts
by subscribing to a press clipping bureau, and so much stuflE
rolled in that nobody could possibly read it, and so we stopped
the subscription. I am sure that the next committee will be
very glad to have, as we have had, any recommendations for
suggestions that can be made among the members, some of whom
may be more familiar with publicity than the members of your
committee have been.
The Chairman:
The report, requiring no action, will be received.
{See Report, page 39 Jf,)
Committee on Memorials:
The Secretary read the report of the Committee on Memor-
ials, and during the reading of the report, the delegates and
audience remained standing.
{See Report, page 395.)
Committee on Jurisprudence and Law Beform:
Henry W. Taft, of New York :
The Association will share with the committee the regret that
the familiar figure of Mr. Wheeler does not appear here for the
presentation of this report. His health did not permit him to
make the trip across the continent, nevertheless, he was in a
BBFOBTS OF COMMITTEES. 61
condition which enabled him to formulate for the committee
this report^ and he has asked me to present it.
I suppose there is a conclusive presumption that all of the
Yoluminous literature which is distributed by the officers of the
Association has been assiduously examined by the members of
the Association^ and therefore, unless there is a request I shall
not read the text of this report, but endeavor to curtail its
presentation by stating the substance of it, except certain im-
portant parts, which perhaps would be better presented as it
was agreed upon by the committee.
The first subject which haa been dealt with by the committee,
is the subject of declaratory judgments. That subject has
received the attention of the committee during several years,
and has finally resulted in the recommendation that Congress
enact a provision that the courts be empowered to render de-
claratory judgments. There has been considerable literature
upon that subject, and some of the states, including my own
state, have adopted provisions of the statute authorizing de-
claratory judgments. In England, they are authorized to render
such judgments, and I am informed, so far as statistics are ob-
tainable, that something like 50^ of the judgments in the courts
of England are rendered in cases in which a declaratory judg-
ment is rendered by the court. I presented this matter to the
Judiciary Committees of the two Houses of Congress, and there
ensued a very full discussion of the subject. The committee is
firmly of the opinion that our system of jurisprudence and pro-
cedure would be advanced by a provision authorizing the courts
to make declaratory judgments. We have appended to our
report a number of cases in which such judgments would be
useful. Of course, I cannot detain you today by attempting to
state cases in which they would serve in the administration of
justice. It is, perhaps, sufficient to mention one, that is to
say, when a contract which has yet to be performed, and in
respect of which no liability has arisen, and where both the
parties are desirous of being guided in their conduct in relation
to the contract, and a real controversy exists, they may appeal
to the court, and have the contract construed for their guid-
ance in the future. There are many other instances in which
the judgment would be useful. We have, accordingly, recom-
62 AMEBICAK BAR ASSOOIATION.
mended that Congress enact a provision authorizing declaratory
judgments, and we have formulated a bill after a number of
efforts in an endeavor to avoid pitfalls, and have succeeded in
drawing a very brief bill, which has been presented to the com-
mittees of both Houses of Congress.
The member of my family who occupies an official position,
this morning stated one form of the simplification of practice,
namely, the simplification of all proceedings for appeal in the
federal courts, excepting in the case of writs of certiorari. That
was one of the subjects that the Committee on Jurisprudence
and Law Reform recommended to Congress, and appears to
meet with a pretty universal approbation, and that forms one
chapter of the report of the committee. The most troublesome
question that we have had to deal with is the removal of cases
to the federal courts. The whole srabject of removal of causes
is in a hopeless state of confusion, owing to the differing views
of the courts in the several circuits concerning that provision
of the judicial code relating to the proper place for the com-
mencement of a suit in the federal court. There is a hopeless
inconsistency and conflict in the decisions in the several circuits.
Our friend, Mr. Boston, has been of great assistance to us in
considering this subject. I think that his attention to it has
been largely stimulated by painful experience in his professional
practice. In any case, he has been able to throw much light on
the general subject. The Supreme Court has said that the
condition is such in respect to the provisions of the law relating
to removal of causes, that there is no remedy excepting an
amendment of the law, and we have endeavored to formulate,
and we have submitted to Congress, a provision which probably
will remove all difficulties in the future. I think that will
pass both Houses from the expressions which were made when I
appeared before them, indicating that they are willing and
anxious to remove the doubt upon that subject. It required an
amendment of two sections and the addition of one section to
the judicial code.
We attempted to provide for procedure in the federal courts
for the protection of the interests of aliens. We did not succeed
in getting the bill which we recommended approved by the
committees of Congress, but through the efforts of Mr. Moores,
BBP0BT8 OF OOKKITTBB& 63
who was a member of our committee^ and a member of the Hotise
of Bepresentatives from Indiana, we did succeed in getting
inserted into the anti-Iynching bill, a sort of a rider, substan-
tially covering the subject-matter. As to the constitutionality
of the main portion of the anti-lynching bill, one of our mem-
bers, our respected representative from Colorado, has entered a
protest, expressing his doubt as to the constitutionality of the
provisions of that law, but even though the other provisions be
declared to be xmconstitutional, it seems to us quite clear that
the provision relating to the power of the court to deal with
rights of aliens may be sustained, even though the rest of the
act be declared to be unconstitutional.
Senator Nelson has endeavored to procure the passage of a law
permitting an accused person to plead guilty at any time. He
thinks, and his experience in courts in Minnesota has lead to the
conclusion, that a plea of that kind will tend to facilitate the trial
of cnminal cases, and at his request, and after a consideration of
the subject, the committee decided to recommend the act which
Senator Nelson has introduced to accomplish that result.
Our attention was called to the subject of f^es and costs in
the federal courts. You all will recall that Senator Norris de-
livered an elaborate speech upon that subject, especially charg-
ing that the expenses and costs in the federal courts in many
cases exceeded those in the state court. Investigation by the
committee has shown that, to a certain extent, those assertions
were true. We have not recommended anything specific. The
subject is very broad, but it is a subject which ought to receive
very careful consideration. The committee ten years ago or
more several times recommended that the present system for
payment of the bills of stenographers be abolished, and that that
whole subject be put in the discretion of the court. That recom-
mendation was made to Congress, but upon being presented to
the committees of Congress there was the bitter opposition of
the Stenographers' Union, and it resulted in the defeat of the
measure. They preferred that the parties should be made to pay
their expenses without any supervision by the court. The whole
subject of the expense in the federal courts ought to be taken
up and disposed of.
3
64 AMERICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
Ten years ago a bill was introduced, which it was hoped
might diminish the cost of legal proceedings in the federal
courts, but on account of some ambiguities in the bill, we are
advised by the Attorney-General that it has not accomplished
the desired object, and the whole subject needs to be taken up
and formulated. The committee will continue its examination
with a view to that result. '
The next subject taken up by the committee is that of injunc-
tions. In view of the importance of that subject, I shall adhere
to the expressions of the committee, which appear on page 82
of the report. The subject was brought up by the introduction,
by Mr. Backarack of New Jersey, of a bill which provided that
no district or circuit court, or the judge thereof, shall have
jurisdiction to entertain any bill of complaint, suspending or
restraining the enforcement, operation or execution of any order
made by any administrative board or commission in any state,
acting under and in pursuance to the statutes of such state,
where such order was made after a hearing upon notice, nor to
entertain jurisdiction upon any bill of complaint, to suspend
or restrain the enforcement, operation or execution of the
statute under which such order was made in any case where,
under the statute of the state, provision is made for a judicial
review of such order upon the law and the facts. There is a
provision in the bill that it shall not apply to matters affecting
interstate commerce.
This whole subject was dealt with by the committee as far
back as 1913, and subsequently in 1914, and in these reports
the committee then undertook to vindicate the existing law,
that is, permitting the courts to issue such injunctions and to
approve the practice of the courts in respect thereto. The com-
mittee has quoted from its report of 1913, and the subject was
so briefly but completely covered by that report that I am
going to detain the Association by reading an extract from that
report.
The complaint against injunctions is really the direct reverse of the
complaint TK^ich is also common that legal procedure is technical and
dilatory. The procedure in injunction cases is neither. Either party is
at liberty to put in any evidence it chooses, without regard to the
technical rules which prevail in the ordinary trial of causes, and the
hearing is speedy. The whole arsenal of technical points by which cases
are often procrastinated is of no avail here. The true purpose of an
RSP0BT8 OF 00KKITTBB8. 66
injunction is to prevent irreparable injury. This may mean either an
injury that, in a strict sense of the word, cannot in any way be made
Sood, or an injury, the consequences of which shall be such that the
amage consequent upon it cannot be accurately adjusted, and so
cannot be compensated by any money payment. In theoi]y injunction is
the defense of the weak against the strong. The conditions of society
are such that some men have power far greater than others. This power
may come from their great wealth; it may come from their organisa-
tion afid discipline. Without the right of injunction, it would be per-
fectly possible for such persons to commit wrongs against their fellow-
citizens, and then, having obtained the object they desire, sit down and
calmly wait the result of an action for damages. In defendhig such an
action all the delays which are possible under systems of jurisprudence
would be availed of, every technical objection would be taken, every
possible appeal would be resorted to. In many cases the plaintiff would
not have the pecuniary means to prosecute the suit to a conclusion. In
many others the burden of contesting it would be so great that he would
relinquish the contest, and the aggressor would remain in possession of
the field.
Under our present ^stem, when such an injury is threatened, the
party who has reason to apprehend it, may apply to the court, and
obtain an order immediately forbidding the aggressor to commit the
wrong, and requiring him to show cause why he should not be perma-
nently forbidden to commit it during the pendency of the suit. The
hearing in such case is prompt. The evidence, it is true, is by affidavit
and not subject to cross-examination, but in point of fact, the actual
facts of the case are generally presented to the court. Both parties are
heard by coimsel, and the •court promptly passes upon their rights. In
the case of doubt, the injunction is retused. But if the party has made
out a clear case, it is granted. The aggressor still has the right to a full
trial in ordinary course, with the right to cross-examination of the
adversary witnesses. But in nine cases out of ten he does not avail of
this right. The injunction has defeated his nefarious attempt to injure
or destroy some one who, for some reason, he wishes to assail, and he
gives up the contest.
We cannot close this part of our report better than by quoting
from the language of Mr. Justice Brewer^ in an address delivered
in Brooklyn, November 23rd, 1909. Justice Brewer said :
When the choice is between the redress or prevention of injury by
force, or by whatsoever process, the law is well pleased if the individual
will consent to waive his right to the use of force, and await its action.
Government by injunction has been an object of easy denunciation.
So far from restraining its power, there never was a time when its
restrictive and vigorous exercise was worth more to the nation and for
the best interests of all. As population becomes more dense, as business
interests multiply, and crowd each other, the restraining power of the
court of equity is of far greater importance than the punishini; power
oi the criminal law. The best scientific thought of the day is along
the lines of prevention, rather than those of cure. We aim to stay the
spread of ^idemics rather than to permit them to run their course, and
attend solely to the work of curins the sick. And shall it be said of the
law, which claims to be the perfection of reason, and to express the
highest thoughts of the day, that it no longer attempts to prevent the
wrong, but limits its action to the matter of punishment? To take
away the equitable power of restraining wrong is a step backward, to-
ward barbarism, rather than a step forward toward higher civilization.
66 AMBBICAN BAR ASSOOIATION.
Courts make mistakes in flranting injunctions. So th^ do in other
orders and decrees. Shall the judicial power be taken away because of
their occasional mistakes? The argument would lead to the total
aboUtion of the judicial fimction.
The action of the committee in relation to injunction a dozen
years ago was approved by this Association. There have been
hearings upon this bill before the committees of Congress. Mr.
Harron of our committee has appeared in behalf of the Associa-
tion, and has pointed out some objections to the bill introduced
by Mr. Backarack^ which would limit the power of courts in
relation to injunction, and this committee has unanimously voted
to disapprove the bill. Information as to this vote has been
presented to the Judiciary Committee, which has the matter
under consideration.
In connection with the subject of injunction, the Section
dealing with the Law of Public Utilities, during a session of this
Association, has adopted a series of resolutions, and the members
of that committee have handed me these resolutions, requesting
that I read them in connection with the report of the Conmiittee
on Jurisprudence and Law Reform. They relate to a special
phase of the subject, but they are germane to the general subject,
relating only to Public Utilities, nevertheless, they have a con-
nection which is obvious.
Resolved, That the Section on Public Utility Law of the American
Bar Association hereby expresses the emphatic opposition of its mem-
bership to the Backarack bill now pending in Congress, and to any
similar legislation, designed to limit or destroy, as to any particulso*
class of litigants or rights, the present equitable powers of the federal
courts, to enforce the guaranties of the federal constitution for the
protection of person andf property;
Resolved, further, That the Section ask its Chairman, in its report to
the Association, to present, at least in outline, the considerations which
have been developed in the discussions before the Section, as demon-
strating the extreme unwisdom of any such radical curtailment of the
federal judicial power;
Resolved, further, Thekt the Chairman of this Section of the sub-com-
mittee, be enabled, at to-day's session, or authorized in behalf of the
AaBociation, to take such further steps as in their judgment may be
advisable to bring about the endorsement bv the Association of the
actions of its Committee on Jurisprudence and Law Reform, in actively
opposing the Backarack Bill, at the present sessfon of Con^press, and
also to support, before the Association, any suitable resolution which
may be offered in condemnation of that or similar legislation.
The conamittee has dealt with the subject of reducing the
business of the Supreme Court. The heading of this Section
report is, "Increasing the number of judges in the Supreme
JUEPOBTS OF OOMMITTBES. 67
Court/' I think that is an error. The committee has not recom-
mended an increase of the judges of the Supreme Court. On the
contrary^ its consideration of the subject has led it to make recom-
mendations in line with those which were explained by the Chief
Justice this mornings in his address.
There has been considerable complaint concerning the jurisdic-
tion of the federal courts in actions for personal injury and other
torts. Advantage has been taken of various circumstances to
obtain jurisdiction under the present provisions of the law in
courts which are unsuitable for the trial of that class of cases.
It has been represented to us that the defendants are frequently
embarrassed in having to try their cases in foreign jurisdictions,
in many cases at a great distance from places where the witnesses
may be obtained, and there is no present provision of the law by
which the venue may be changed into another circuit. Further-
more, it has had the result of imposing upon foreign jurisdictions
the expense of trying cases which have no business to be there,
and which have no natural connection with the district. As the
result of that the committee has recommended that a bill be
passed by Congress which would make the jurisdiction of the
court dependent upon the residence of the parties and upon the
happening of the events which led to the litigation. Substanti-
ally, gentlemen, that is the report which has been made by your
committee, and we recommend the adoption of these brief reso-
lutions :
Resolved, That this Association approve the action of the Committee
on Jurisprudence and Law Reform, detailed in the foregoing report;
Resolved, That this Association instructs the said committee to con-
tinue to promote the passage of the bills mentioned in such report
which have the approval of said committee.
I offer those resolutions for adoption.
The President:
Is it desired that they be separated, or is it the desire of the
Association that they be considered together? If there are no
objections, the resolutions will be considered together.
F. M. Oliver, of Georgia:
I have listened attentively to the report^ and I feel that I did
not catch the substance of the report relative to costs of appeal
in the federal courts. Personally, I would like to know if the
68 AMEBICAN BAR ASSOCIATION.
committee^ in its printed report^ has suggested a means by which
those costs may be reduced.
H. W. Taf t :
There is a paragraph which deals with that particular subject.
It is inconclusive, so far as the recommendation of any remedy
is concerned, and merely states that the committee is clearly of
the opinion that the subject-matter does require attention, as
Senator Norris, in his speech said. The committee, however,
reports a bill to diminish the expenses of proceedings on appeal
and writs of error that was proposed by the committee, and recom-
mended by the Association in 1909, and again in 1910. This
bill was amended in Congress and that is the difficulty, because,
in its amended form, it was passed, and the Attorney-General, in
his last report, at page 4, has stated that the language of that
act, as it was amended by Congress, was ambiguous, and has
resulted in much confusion in the matter of fees and other
charges. The Attorney-General informed the committee that
Congress has attempted no action upon his recommendations for
the amendment of this statute. Your committee is engaged in
examining the subject, and hopes to be able to aid in eliminating
the ambiguity complained of.
Andrew A. Bruce, of Minnesota :
I wish to address myself briefly to the subject of the injunction.
I was a member of the Committee on American Ideals, and was
almost tempted to waste the time of the audience this morning,
after the presentation of the report, but it seemed absolutely un-
necessary on account of the unanimity of sentiment that was
expressed. But it does seem to me that at that time the question
might have been considered perhaps a little more, and that it
might have been considered in connection with this very question
of the injunction. It seemed to me that the report this morning
was simply a report which advocated the propaganda of American-
ism, as opposed to the propaganda of the soap-box, of the parlor
socialist, and of the misguided idealist, and that it is about time
in America that we faced the issues and that we realized that we
are coming pretty nearly to the jumping oflf place of government.
I have had occasion myself, when I happened to be on the Bench,
and when a decree was issued by the court which was unpopular
BBP0RT8 OF COMMITTEES. 69
I
politically^ to face a man who suggested that the decree would
not he obeyed, because the other side had twenty or thirty thou-
sand majority. And when we come to the injunction, we realize
every time that it is a question of whether the rank and file of
the American people will stand back of that injunction. In
Europe we fought for a government of law among nations, as
opposed to the government of the temporary majority, or the well-
organized minority. We asserted the fact that a treaty of inter-
national law was supreme, even though the minority was organized
and had the heaviest battalions. The great victory of the World
War was the demonstration of the fact that the great unorganized
majority^ the unorganized military of England, with its little
army of 150,000 men, the great unorganized democracy of
America, could, as a matter of lafit resort, when forced to the
issue, organize and overcome the militant and the lawless mi-
nority. That is the issue in every question. I think we hardly
realize the seriousness of it. When Judge Anderson issued his
injunctions recently, in the last coal strike, fortunately, the labor
men had the common-sense to bow to the decree of the court,
but what would have happened if they had refused to obey? In
every case we come to the question of whether the law-abiding
sense of the community is strong enough to enforce the law. Our
Supreme Court decides issues between sovereign states, questions
that in Europe would mean civil war, and yet somebody has
said that all the Supreme Court has to enforce its decrees with
is a female stenographer, and a one-legged bailiff. But after
all, we enforce them, because of the sense of law and order that
is in the community, the realization that, after all, back of these
decrees of the court, are the arms, the hands, the bayonets, if
necessary, of the great, unorganized people. The whole thing is
a question of a governme*nt of law. Back of a government of law
must be the unorganized might of the people. In order to have
the unorganized might of the people, you must have a belief in
the law, a belief in American institutions, a belief in America
itself. And this whole question comes right down to the one
question, whether we in America really believe in American insti-
tutions, or whether we do not. We have in America fifty million
foreign bom, or the children of foreign bom. We have in
America, I believe, almost sixty million of the grandchildren of
70 AKERIOAK BAB ASSOGIATIOK.
the foreign bom. I am not sneering at the foreign, I am
one myself, but I am enough of a foreign-bom man to realize
how difficult it is for a foreign-born to understand America.
I had that difficulty myself. Born in the old world, in the
traditions of the old world, proud of my ancestors, proud of
the past, how difficidt it was, really to become an American,
really to visualize the vision of America, really to see what
America was I That magnificent vision of a nation stretching
from ocean to ocean, composed of millions of the foreign-bom,
classes who in Europe would not associate, nations who in Europe,
through the centuries, have been at war, building together a great
cosmopolitan civilization, because they have grasped the idea of
the fatherhood of God and the brotherhood of man, of real liberty,
and yet grasping the great idea that, after all, even the firma-
ment is built on order, and even the stars of heaven march in
time. America! We have got to have faith in America, we
have got to realize the fact that after all a government of law
is absolutely necessary to America. And the trouble today, as
I say, in every injunction, is that one question, what is the senti-
ment of the people?
We need propaganda, that is what we need, in order to enforce
injunctions and the government by law. The trouble in America
today is that we have left it to the soap-box orator, to the socialist
and to the idealist, who does not know anything of practical life,
very often to preach the gospel ; we have left him the whole field.
We have not spread the gospel ourselves. Thousands of our
foreign-bom, thousands of our men themselves, have mistaken
ideas, have the idea that civilization was born yesterday at ten
o'clock in the morning. Anything that is new appeals to them,
any change in American institutions appeals to them. We must
realize, and we must teach America, if we want to get these
injunctions obeyed, the real conception of America, — that Ameri-
ca is not a nation, it is a nation of nations; that back of the
Constitution of America is not the work of a single moment;
that the courts of America, when they are enforcing the Consti-
tution, enforcing the established law, are not despots, that they
are doing their best to be democratic, trying to enforce a consti-
tution which ifi the work of all of the people, and the safeguard
REPORTS OP 00MMITTBE8. 71
of all of the people ; that we are the inheritors of the ages^ and that
back of the American Constitution^ back of all laws that we haye
today, back of all of the liberties that we enjoy, back of all that
magnificent comradeship which makes America, are these strug-
gles of the ages and of the centuries in every land and in every
clime from which we have taken our people. That back of it is
the scaffold and gibbet, back of it are the fires of persecution.
It seems to me that we want to go firmly on record in regard to
thi£ injunction, we must express our faith in the administra-
tion of the law by the courts. I say we need, above all things, to
spread abroad the propaganda of America. We are facing the
issue — ^the jumping off place of government — and we must take
the responsibility.
Harvey F. Smith, of West Virginia :
I do not believe we are near the jumping off place. I live in
the hills of West Virginia where, upon one street car, we may hear
six to twelve languages, but there is not in this country a place
large enough for a decent city truck patch where, when the final
hour comes, people will not rally to the support of the courts,
whether they be municipal, state or federal. We should not send
out such messages, we should not tell the newspapers that we
are near the jumping off place, for this country is the bulwark of
democratic government. There are, my fellow lawyers, no places
of substantial danger in this country. These are isolated spots
where soap-box orators protest, and we, as lawyers, as the greatest
body of patriots, should not dignify their statements in this con-
vention in that manner. I protest. We are not near the jumping
off place. We have gone through a great crisis, but we have
demonstrated to the world our courage, our decision and the
permanence of our system of government and the almost universal
determination of our people to perpetuate and to sustain that
system.
H. W. Taft :
Mr. President, the gentlemen have approached a consideration
of the general subject and as I understand their argument they
are both in favor of the adoption of the report of the committee.
72 AMSRICAN BAR ASSOCIATION.
The President :
All in favor of the adoption of the report will say aye, opposed,
no. The ayes have it, the report is adopted.
(See Report^ page S66.)
Section of Public Utility Law :
Charles R. Brock, of Colorado :
In view of the action which has just been taken, it is only
necessary for me to say, on behalf of the Section of Public Utility
Law, that the program as printed was carried out with the ex-
ception of an address scheduled to be delivered by the President.
An interesting report was made by the Secretary, most interesting
papers were read and those papers were of such interest that the
Section believes that all of you ought to have the advantage of
our proceedings, and, accordingly, a resolution was prepared
requesting the Executive Committee to print the addresses and
the report of the Secretary in the annual report.
The President:
As I understand it, the report requires no action and will bo
received and filed.
The Association took a recess until 8 P. M.
Sixth Session.
Thursday, August 10, 1922, 8 P. M.
The President :
It is a matter of sincere regret to the local committee, and to
the officials of the Bar Association, that we are unable to have,
tonight, a larger hall, but it is impossible and the management
of this hall has been very kind. They have put in several hun-
dred more seats so that we have an audience now that anywhere,
except in San Francisco, and for any meeting of the Bar Asso-
ciation except the one in San Francisco, would be a record-
breaker. But that is not entirely due to the attractions of the
Bar Association. We are not in the habit of having the second
officer of the government present at our meetings. This evening
REPORTS OF COHMITTBBS. 73
will be deyoted, first, to the address to which you will listen,
and, second^ to the report of the Committee on Law Enforce-
ment. It seemed to the committee in making up the program for
this meeting that it was peculiarly suitable that, at a time when
the Association is to consider the subject of law enforcement in
the face of the crime wave which has been going over this
country for sometime past, the report of the committee should
be preceded by an address of the man who announced, as gqod
American doctrine, that there is no right to strike against the
public safety by anybody, anywhere, anytime. That language
is quoted from the message signed by the then Governor of the
State of Massachusetts, now the Vice-President of the United
States, whom I have the honor to introduce.
Calvin Coolidge, Vice-President of the United States, then
delivered his address.
(See Address, page 270.)
Committee on Law Enforcement.
W. B. Swaney, of Tennessee :
Our committee has requested Governor Whitman, of New
York, who has a splendid voice, to read the report so that you
can thoroughly understand it. This report was not printed in
time for general distribution. For that reason we ask your
careful attention to it on account of its great importance.
The President :
Ladies and gentlemen, this report will be read by a member
of this committee whom you all know as a man who enforced the
law against the gunmen and others in New York City.
Charles S. Whitman, of New York, read the report of the
Committee on Law Enforcement.
{See Report J page Jt2^,)
Mr. Whitman :
Mr. President, I submit the report of the committee and move
its adoption.
The motion was seconded.
74 AKERICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
Nathan William MacChesney, of Illinois:
I would like to ask the Chairman of the committee if the
committee quoted the excerpt from the report of Doctor Adier
with his approval?
Mr. Whitman :
We had Doctor Adler's assistant appear hefore us and the
information was given us in detail on diagrams by his assistant.
D6ctor Adler was ill at the time and was not present.
Mr. MacChesney:
That particular item of Doctor Adler's report has been dis-
cussed heretofore, and while I could not determine exactly
whether the committee report carried an endorsement of it or
not, I did not think that this Association should endorse that
statement. Perhaps I came in contact with the quality of the
intelligence of the average enlisted man more than most men
came in contact with it. But, these so-called intelligence tests
often determine the agility of a man without determining his
intelligence, and to state that an average inmate of the criminal
institutions of the State of Michigan, or any other state, has the
same average of intelligence as the average enlisted man of the
late war is an insult to the American Army and is not true. I
have seen some of these tests applied. I remember one of these
tests was applied in my own city where one of the most dis-
tinguished legal scholars in this country, and a bishop of the
Episcopal Church, now on the Pacific Coast — both of them took
the test, and both of them failed on the ten-year old test. I am
not trying to discredit the test, I am merely saying that any
general conclusion based on such a test, and currency given to
such conclusion is unfair, and I hope the committee, by the
presentation of this very splendid and unusually carefully pre-
pared report, will not be taken to have endorsed that statement.
C. S. Whitman:
I am perfectly willing to answer that. Of course, this involves
AO moral test. The statements were made before our committee,
both pro and con, that the average prisoner was mentally defi-
cient. I have not any hesitancy for myself, from my own
experience, in stating to you and to this audience that, as far as
BBP0BT8 OF OOKlflTTKBS. 75
the mentality and the ability to distinguish between right and
wrong is concerned, I believe the intelligence of the average
prisoner before the Bar where I prosecnted in New York City
is fully np to the average intelligence of this audience tonight.
I am not speaking of the moral qualities at all. I agree with
you entirely and, of course, we don't endorse, necessarily, any
of the testimony that is presented. Doctor Adler made this
observation, as his representative stated, after nearly a year's
investigation. It was simply an answer to the statement made
before onr committee by another distinguished psychologist,
that every criminal was mentally deficient. Both statements
were made, ladies and gentlemen, and it is within the province
of the American Bar Association to accept either one. We do
• not endorse either one, necessarily, of conrse, but that is the
evidence before this committee, but I am perfectly willing to
testify as an expert on that subject myself.
Mr. MacChesney:
There are two other points in the report to which I would
like to direct attention. The second one of them is that with
reference to the molly-coddling of criminals. On that subject
the Bockefeller Foundation has recently appropriated a consid-
erable sum of money to investigate what some of the underlying
causes of the present crime wave are. If the word " criminal "
is nsed in a technical sense, meaning the treatment of the men
after conviction, I take the liberty of diflfering from the dis-
tinguished committee. It seems to me that what is needed is the
quick apprehension of criminals, and the vigorous prosecution of
them, such as was given by Whitman of New York when he was
in oflSce, and I hope that the statement of the committee will
not tend to retard the growing feeling that the treatment of
y criminals, in the case of convicted men in institutions after
conviction, should not be any more severe than it has been, for it
has taken a long process of public education to get attention
given to men within the custody of our institutions. And I
take it that the molly-coddling of criminals spoken of in the
report refers to the haphazard and sentimental way in which the
apprehension and prosecution of them is dealt with, rather than
the molly-coddling of the criminals after they have been con-
76 AMERICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
victed. And a third point to which I desire to call attention
is the reference in the report with respect to indeterminate sen*
tence. The committee unqualifiedly recommends that the parole
or probation shall not apply to second offenders. I desire to call
attention to the fact, as no one knows better than the distinguished
gentleman who read the report^ that men are sometimes convicted
under conditions which later make it seem wise that they should
be paroled, and that in some of our states attempted rape-— ex-
tremely diflBcult to prove— constitutes rape, so that such a crime
ought not to be brought within the purview of that resolution. I
hope that the committee will not make an unqualified recom-
mendation that these laws shall apply in all cases only to first
offenders because there are cases where they should likewise
apply to second offenders, where the first may have been a minor
crime. It was stated by the committee, I believe, that they
should not apply at all to those guilty of these four crimes
when, in fact, there are occasions when they might, with good
judgment, well be applied, and I have no doubt have been under
the distinguished gentleman who spoke, were applied in his
State of New York. I would be glad to hear from the conMnittee
on those two further suggestions.
Mr. Swaney:
Of course, we made this report with the greatest deliberation
and we propose to stand by it. And, in addition to that, there
is a power reserved and placed in our Constitution for mistakes,
misfortunes and miscarriages of justice. The governor has the
power to pardon, and I take it in the case referred to by the
gentleman, the governor would be the proper authority. These
boards rob the governor of his constitutional power, and they
are enforced in such a way as simply to make the administration
of the law a jest.
The President:
The question then recurs upon the motion of the gentleman
from N*ew York that the committee report, including its recom-
mendation, be approved and adopted. All in favor of that
motion will say aye. Opposed, no. I think I am safe in sayini?
that the motion is carried and it is carried.
Adjourned until Friday, August 11, 10 A. M.
\
addbe88 of nicholas mubray butler. 77
Sbybnth Session.
Friday, August 11, 1922, 10 A. M.
The meeting was called to order by Hugh Henry Brown, of
Tonopah, Nevada, at 10 A. M., in the Native Sons Hall.
The Secretary :
I call your attention to the motor trip this afternoon at two
o'clock. The busses will leave from the Montgomery Street
entrance of the Palace Hotel.
The Treasurer asks me to call your attention to the dinner
tickets, which on their face give you instructions as ^p how they
shall be exchanged for place cards, between 6.30 and 7 o'clock
tonight at the grill room of the Palace Hotel.
We have here applications from ninety members of the Bar,
duly certified by their respective Local Council, and approved
by the General Council of the Association, and recommended to
this body for election to membership. They are all duly certified
in accordance with the Constitution. I move their election.
The motion was seconded and carried.
Charles A. Boston, of New York;
On behalf of the Council of the Conference of Delegates from
state and local bar associations, I would like to announce that
an adjourned meeting of that Council will be held in a room
upstairs in this building on the next floor, immediately after
the close of Dr. Butler's address this morning, and I hope that
every member of the Council will be present.
The Secretary:
May I also call attention, Mr. Chairman, to the fact that tiie
new Executive Committee to be elected at this session will meet
at two o^clock, at room 2022 of the Palace Hotel, and that
chairmen of sections or conmiittees desiring at this meeting to
make application for appropriations for their respective sections
or committees during the coming year, may appear before the
Executive Committee at that time and place.
Chairman Brown:
The subject for this morning's address is ^* Preliminary Edu-
cation for Lawyers." I have the honor to present Nicholas
Murray Butler, of New York.
78 AKBBIOAN BAR AS800IATI0N.
Dr. Butler then delivered his address.
{For Address, see page 278. )
Chairman Brown :
President Severance will now assume the Chair.
The President:
I will recognize the Chief Justice of the United States.
Chief Justice Taf t :
I rise to make a motion : That the American Bar Association
extend a fbrmal invitation to Viscount Birkenhead, Lord Chan-
cellor of England, to become the guest of this Association and
visit the Association upon the occasion of the next annual meet-
ing, to be held at a place to be determined by the Executive
Committee.
The motion was seconded from the floor.
The President :
You have heard the motion of the Chief Justice, which is, as
the Chair understands it, that a cordial invitation be extended
to Viscount Birkenhead, the Lord Chancellor of England, to
be the guest of the Association at the next annual meeting of
the Association in 1923. All in favor of that motion will rise.
You may be seated. All opposed may arise. It is unanimously
adopted.
Is Mr. John B. M. Baxter, of Nova Scotia, in the room?
Mr. Baxter, your presence is desired on the platform. I am not
going to call on our guest from Nova Scotia to speak now,
gentlemen, as you will hear from him tonight. I will simply
state for your information, if any of you happen to be ignorant
of the fact, that Mr. Baxter is here as the duly accredited,
and much beloved representative of the Canadian Bar.
We will now listen to a report of the Executive Committee.
The Secretary:
By authority of the Executive Committee, the following
resolution is recommended to the Association for adoption:
Whebbas, a proposition is being urged upon the people of the United
States to paas an amendent to the Federal Constitution, under the
BHPOBTS OF COMMITTEES. 79
terms of which the courts shall be deprived of their power finally to
decide as to the constitutionality of legislative enactments, by giving
to the Congress the power to annul or veto any decision of the Federal
Supreme Court declaring a Federal Statute unconstitutional, or by
making aiw such judicial decision subject to recall by legislative or
popular referendum; now, therefore, be it
Resolved, Bjr the American Bar Association, that we express our un-
qualified opposition to such constitutional amendment, or to any amend-
ment of similar character, as a most dangerous menace to our American
Government and to American institutions.
I move the adoption of the resolution, Mr. Chairman.
The motion was seconded from the floor and unanimously
adopted.
Membenhip Committee:
Frederick E. Wadhams, of New York, submitted a report
on behalf of the Membership Committee.
{See Report, page S89,)
The President:
The report requiring no action, it will be placed on file.
Committee on Admiralty and Maritime Law:
E. J. McCutchen, of California :
In the absence of Mr. Hughes, the Chairman of this com-
mittee, I have been reqiiested to present the committee's report.
Under the By-Laws, it is not appropriate, as I understand, to
refer to any portion of this report, except a recommendation
contained in it, which is that the Association approve a bill
pending in the House of Representatives, by which it is pro-
vided that suit may be brought in admiralty against the United
States, in order to enforce rights growing out of collisions be-
tween war and navy vessels of the United States and vessels
privately owned, and in order to enforce claims for salvage
service. Under the law as it now exists, no such suit can be
brought. The report of the committee states that suits of this
nature may be brought in the maritime nations of Europe and
in Qreat Britain. Under present conditions, should a claiih
of this nature arise, in order that it may be enforced, it is
necessary that a special act of Congress be first passed, and of
80 AMBRICAN BAR ASSOGUTION.
course we all know how difficult it is to secure the passage of
such an act. The report of the committee recommends that the
Association approve the bill, and authorize the committee to urge
its passage before Congress. I move that this report be adopted.
The motion was seconded and carried.
(See Report, page 367*)
Committee on Noteworthy Changes in Statute Law:
William Marshall Bullitt, of Kentucky :
The Committee on Noteworthy Changes in Statute Law begs to
report that the work of the committee is progressing, but that,
owing to the very late date at which the printed acts of the
Legislatures have been submitted to the committee, it has been
impossible to prepare a report at this time. But it is hoped and
expected that such a report will be included in the printed pro-
ceedings.
The President :
Is there any objection to the approval of this? If not, it will
stand approved.
Committee on Uniform Judicial Procedure:
Thomas W. Shelton, of Virginia :
This committee is one that needs to become very close to the
members of this organization, in order that we may move as we
should. It was with a great deal of pleasure and gratification that
we of the committee noticed how closely the members of the
Association listened to the Chief Justice in his address about
reform of procedure of the courts. In order to carry out his
program, and the program for which we have been laboring for
about fifteen or sixteen years, it is absolutely essential to have
certain legislation, though it is very simple legislation. It is,
however, the most difficult thing on the face of the earth to move
Congress, not that they are not in favor of such legislation, be-
cause we know better, we know that both the Senate and the House
are, by a very large majority, in favor of this matter. But, for
BBPOBIS OF GOKHirms. 81
some curiouB reason which no human being has eyer been able to
understand, two or three, or not over four, Senators of the United
States are able to control the legislation concerning this matter,
to the extent that they have absolutely prevented a report being
made from the Judiciary Committee of the Senate. There was
one time that we were able to get a favorable report from the
Senate Judiciary Committee on the matt^, but we got it out of
con^mittee too late to get it acted upon on the floor of the Senate.
That ifi the exact status of our work. The business of this
committee and the object of this committee in this regard is to
try to move Congress to action upon the subject. We became
satisfied that we could not do it without your help as an Associa-
tion. With your help, we can do it.
We are going to make this suggestion, that you will take up
the resolution which the Executive Committee of this Bar Asso-
ciation adopted at Tampa, in January last, in which, while they
did not exactly censure the Senate Committee, because they felt
that that would perhaps be lise-majeste, they suggested to them
that they have been very disrespectful to the American Bar Asso-
ciation, and had been lacking in common respect for the great
majority of the people of this country, who wanted the thing done
that had been endorsed by Mr. Taft when he was President of
the United States, and now has been endorsed here by him in
a complete program.
That is the matter we have before you today. And as Chair-
man of our committee, I want to ask you individually, that you
get into close contact with your two senators and your members
of the lower House, and see that they understand that what we
want is to get this matter reported out, even though the particular
individual may be opposed to it. A great senator from this state,
whom we look up to with respect, is opposed to it. And, as T
say, the matter has been held in committee and not reported out.
We have thought that it is just possible that if enough pressure
is brought to bear upon these senators, particularly, who want to
hold the matter in committee, we might be successful in getting
it out, and I feel satisfied that its passage would be assured.
We have two or three motions to put before you, but before
doing that, I want to get clearly before you just what the com-
mittee is trying to do. The bill before Congress is nothing more
82 AMBBICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
than this: A bill to vest in the Supreme Court of the United
States the power to make roles for the regulation of the law side
of the courts just as it always has had the power to make rules
of practice for the equity side of the court, and of course the ad-
miralty and bankruptcy and many others. That is all there is
to it. There will be another bill introduced, in order to carry
out the views that the Chief Justice suggested to you yesterday,
because that, as you of course understand, was the ultimate pur-
pose, the obvious nature of the power that should have been vested
in the court. We ask you to adopt three simple little resolutions
and continue the committee, and in the third place we ask that
there be left to this committee a resolution which you adopted
yesterday supporting the Chief Justice.
The motion was seconded and carried.
(See Report, page S70.)
Committee on Change of Date of Presidential Inauguration :
The Secretary then read a letter from William L. Putnam
reporting progress and suggesting the continuance of the Com-
mittee.
The President:
As I understand it, the report merely asks that the committee be
continued, and that the matter be referred to it. If there is no
objection, it will be so ordered. And it is so ordered.
Committee on Classification and Restatement of Law:
James D. Andrews, of New York :
Mr. Chairman, I have requested the Secretary of the Associa-
tion to read the resolution, indicating the action of the Executive
Committee in reference to this subject, and, after listening to
that, I shall then present the report of the committee and its
recommendations.
The President :
This report has been printed for some time, and I have no
doubt that you have all read it. It embodies the resolution which
has been the subject of action by the Executive Committee.
BBPOBTS OF 00MHITTSB8. 83
The Secretary :
The resolution recommended by Mr. Andrews' committee is
on page 111 of the advance pamphlet, and it is as follows :
Resolved. That the report of the Special Committee on the Classi-
fication and Restatement of the Law be received and adopted, and that
said committee be continued and made a standing committee of this
Association, and directed, in conjunction with the Executive Committee,
to cooperate with the Committee of the American Academy of Juris-
prudence in the plans and work of clsjasifying and restating the law.
At the request of Mr. Andrews, I present this resolution of
the Executive Committee at this time, in advance of his discussion
of the committee's report, so that you may all know of the un-
favorable attitude of the Executive Committee toward the adop-
tion of the committee's resolution. The Executive Committee
recommends to the Association the adoption of the following
substitute resolution :
Whereas, It is the opinion of the Executive Committee that it is not
expedient for the American Bar Association to endorse at this time an^
specific plan or work of classifying and restating the law, therefore, be it
Resolved, That the American Bar Association disapproves of anfi
rejects the recommendation and resolution as proposed by the report
to be presented at this meeting by the Special Committee on Classi-
fication and Restatement of the Law.'^
The President:
The parliamentary status of the matter at the present time,
as it appears to the Chair, is this : Mr. Andrews' committee moves
the adoption of the resolution contained in the committee's report.
As a substitute, the Executive Committee moves the adoption of
the resolution which has just been read by the Secretary. There-
fore there is pending before the house the question of the adoptiop
of the substitute resolution proposed by the Executive Com-
mittee in the matter.
Henry W. Taf t, of New York :
I move that the action of the Executive Committee, be ratified
and adopted as the action of the Association.
The President:
That is the very motion that is pending already. This was
put in the form of a substitute resolution offered by the Executive
Committee.
84 AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION.
Mr. Taft:
Then I second that resolution.
The President :
Now Mr. Andrews^ you have the floor.
Mr. Andrews :
I wish to present to you the action which has been heretofore
taken by the American Bar Association and by the Executive
Committee of the American Bar Association, in reference to this
matter, and then to explain to you what has been done by this
Executive Committee, and to submit to you the resolution
embodied in the report — ^mark, I say the resolution embodied ia
the report; the motion is not that we adopt the report in ioto, be-
cause, since the report was written, a different condition of
affairs has come about.
The apparent effect of this substitute resolution recommended
by the Executive Committee is to undo all of the work that has
been done during the last five years. I believe that this Ameri-
can Bar Association, when it takes action, should require sub-
stantially logical and reasonable cause for the reactionary step
that is proposed to be taken. The matter of the classiflcation of
the law came before this body the first time in 1917, in a resolu-
tion and a committee was appointed, of which Mr. Hampton L.
Carson was the Chairman. In 1919, in a very able report, Mr.
Carson distinguished very clearly between the subject of the clas-
sification of the law and restatement of the law under that classi-
fication, and he recommended that this Bar Association do take
up the work and continue the work of the classification of the
law, and leave the subject of the restatement of the law to a sub-
sequent report. Later Mr. Carson was elected President and
I was then made the Chairman of th^ committee. In 1920, the
committed reported, offering this resolution :
That the report of the Committee on Classification and Restatement
be received and adopted, and that said committee be continued, and
that it be and is hereby authorized and directed, in conjunction with
the Executive Committee, to take such steps as may be deemed neces-
sary and expedient to co-operate with anybody which has for its pur-
pose the carrying on of the proposed work of the classification and re-
statement of the law.
BSPOBTS OF GOMMITTBES. 85
That committee^ after colnmentiiig upon the growing con-
fusion of the law^ and the fact that there had been no con-
certed action on the part of any body competent to do a work of
that kind^ stated its opinion to be as follows :
It seems, therefore, to your committee that the drift of the law
towards imcertainty, confusion, and variation, is progressing, and that
the time has come to take the necessary steps to inaugurate an
organized and permanent effort to improve the American legal system
in all its parts and as a whole.
Now^ the members of the Committee^ aside from the Chairman,
were Adolph J. Bodenbeck^ a gentleman who has had experience
in the line of consolidation and restatement of the law of the
State of New York, on the Commission of Consobdation of the
Law; Frederick W. Lehmann, once the President of this Associa-
tion and a very distinguished lawyer; Samuel Williston, of
Harvard University; David W. Amram, of Pennsylvania; Edgar
A. Bancroft, of Chicago ; Roscoe Pound, then and now Dean of
the Harvard Law School ; Harlan F. Stone, then the Dean of the
Law School of Colimibia University; and Edmund F. Trabue.
The action of the American Bar Association at that time consti-
tutes the action of this body.
Pursuant to that direction, the matter was subsequently laid
before the Executive Committee of the American Bar Association,
and this is the action taken by the Executive Committee of the
American Bar Association, as appears from this letter written to
me by Mr. Kemp, under date of April 27, 1921. (A letter from
the Secretary was then read quoting the resolutions approved by
the Executive Committee and heretofore reported in 1921 Report
page 482.)
These resolutions of the Executive Committee were in accor-
dance with and carrying forward this great work, and these resolu-
tions distinguish very carefully between specific plans for classifi-
cation and specific plans for organization for the purpose of
co-operation. And so far as the opinion and action of the Execu-
tive Committee at that time is concerned, it is full and conclusive.
I wish to say that the reference in this letter to the fact that
the resolution offered to them had been modified, refers to the
proposition, for the first time appearing in the plans for the
carrying out of this work, of the inauguration of a corporation
to do the business part of the work, " but that the formation of
86 AMERICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
any corporation would be a matter for individuals rather than
for this Association/'
For the purpose of carrying out the practical working of a
systematic restatement, a corporation called the Academy Pub-
lishing Company, was formed, and the formation of that corpora-
tion necessitated the submission of plans of action. In the exercise
of caution, and for the purpose of securing the action of a con-
servative committee and of keeping matters within limits, within
bounds that would be satisfactory to the Executive Committee of
the American Bar Association, and therefore satisfactory to the
American Bar, I submitted to the Executive Committee at Tampa,
Florida, in January, last, a proposal that the Committee appoint
a sub-committee to pass upon the plans of organization, the man-
ner in which the stock of the corporation should be trusteed for
the benefit of the American Bar Association, and to exercise their
censorship in whatsoever way they saw fit.
Now, in order that you may understand the purport of this
proposition, it is this: The Bar Association, after having had
this matter before it for thirty years on and off, and for four years
of that time intensive and careful study having been given it,
proposed this plan of organization. It was proposed that this
business organization should be incorporated for the purpose, of
course, of conducting business which this Association is not
organized or adapted to conduct. We recognize the practical
proposition that any restatement of the law that can be made
must be made in the shape of the written page, and that to carry
out the spirit of the American Bar, to have a statement, a uniform
conception, of what our law is, it must take the form of a complete,
systematic restatement of the law. And vnth that proposition,
one hundred of the greatest jurists in this country, and four or
five of the greatest jurists of the world, have been in entire accord,
many of them stating that the primary benefit of this organiza-
tion was not so much a benefit to the Bar as a great public service
to the people, by rendering their law certain, specific, and
definite.
To that end, this organization was devised for the purpose of
organizing and mobilizing the best brain power of the members
of the Bar upon this proposition. To that end, it was designed
that we would organize and mobilize the resources of the Bar,
REPORTS OF G0MMITTBE8. 87
financial and intellectual^ in order that they may exercise, during
the process of the construction of the work and before it was
published^ a censorship^ beneficent, specific, and complete in
detail.
With that in view, we have marched forward steadily, cau-
tiously, conservatively. This sub-committee of the Executive
Committee came to my oflBce in New York, and by the way, let
me go back a moment and say that, before Mr. Carson's com-
mittee took any action at all, they employed a distinguished
professor, whose name is universally known here, Professor
Edwin M. Borchard, of Yale, to spend the time to make a de-
tailed examination of the, plans and the material and the sug-
gestions— ^the whole proposition. Professor Borchard spent two
weeks, made his report, and following that was the report of the
committee made by Chairman Carson. Following the meeting
in January of this year, this sub-committee came to my oflBce
for the specific purpose of examining into whether or not the
preparation by way of material, of plans of classification, of
plans of organization, was rational and might be with propriety
approved, and whether the trusteeing of the stock for the benefit
of the Jurisprudence Fund, which should simply and perpetu-
ally and forever support a continuous and uninterrupted and
intensive study of this work should be made. That committee
spent two days in New York. That committee expressed it-
self at that time as being entirely satisfied with the plans,
with the materials, and that our preparation was adequate,
the other committee having reported that we had a vast amount
of material collected and arranged and organized, and that
we had all the plans of classification that had been printed
in English collected for the purpose of comparison and con-
sideration by the committee, during the next year which was
to be, according to the plans, the work of the committee^ that
of formulating the plans. The members of that committee, Mr.
Brosmith and Mr. Shelton, not only expressed their approval,
but since that time they have written me that their report would
be a favorable one, but they also signed the order for a set of
the books, according to the plan upon which it was based. I
was unable to secure a copy of the report which was submitted
by this committee to the Executive Committee, and I observed
88 AMEHIOAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
in the reading of the proceedings of the Executive Committee
that that action and that report were omitted from the report
of the committee.
Now, gentlemen, the Executive Committee of the American
Bar Association — well, it is a very powerful body. The Execu-
tive Committee of this Association is something more than the
alter ego, I think it is almost a del credere agent, I think it is
assumed to be the directing head entirely of the organization.
I am sorry for this committee — I am truly. They are very
estimable gentlemen. They, on the whole, mean to do right.
If they are not coerced or frightened, they do generally do right.
I am going to tell you what has happened. Following the
action of the Association of the American Law Schools, an
organization or a proposed organization has been suggested,
with no very definite plans exceptitig the general plan which
is all proper and definite enough, for the improvement of the
law and litigation, and Mr. Elihu Eoot has been selected the
Chairman. Out of consideration to that proposition, is the
only reason that I have heard suggested yet, excepting the
proposition that the Executive Committee is not prepared to
go forward with the business of organization just as it stands,
why it should not be carried out. With the last proposition
stated, I am entirely in accord. We submitted it to them for the
purpose of their amendment and their approval, and if, after
their sub-committee approves it, they still feel that it is impru-
dent and imwise to proceed, my proposition is that they amend
it and perfect it. But the idea that this report, as a whole,
completely, and this whole project, shall be turned down, rejected,
smothered, within the period of, you may say, a few weeks — is a
proposition that I am opposed to utterly.
Now, let us see exactly what the Executive Committee of the
Bar Association means by the proposal as read here by the
Secretary. Our law has drifted constantly and steadily to-
wards confusion; notwithstanding all the efforts of this Asso-
ciation for the last forty years, our efforts in the direction
of legal education have not stemmed the tide. And the Com-
mittee on Classification, in which are embraced these great legal
educators, have stated that the tendency is constantly towards
confusion, and that the sporadic efforts of law writers are not
RSP0BT8 OF GOMIUTTBBS. 89
able to stem it. Therefore this work haa been attempted, and
the committee asks the American Bar Association, that is, I
mean the Executive Committee asks the American Bar Asso-
ciation to reject this report.
Let us see this report again and see what there ifi in it
that can be rejected and that must be rejected, of course, because
no one would think of going forward for a moment where the
business organization waa not approved in every detail by the
Executive Committee. The concrete and exact propostion be-
fore us is : *' Resolved, that the report of the Special Com-
mittee on Classification and Restatement of the Law be received
and adopted and that the said committee be continued,'' and it
then reads, ^' and made a standing committee of the Associa-
tion.*' Of course that last must be stricken out, on the same
grounds that there was stricken out of the report made yester-
day by Mr. Saner a certain reference, as it requires a constitu-
tional amendment to make a committee a standing committee —
*'and directed to cooperate with the American Academy of
American Jurisprudence in the work of re-classifying and re-
stating the law." The committee reported, as we supposed was
within our province, *'that an organization has been affected
for the performance of the object in view.''
The motion I desire to have placed before the house now is,
that these two subjects be divided, and as a substitute for
both of the motions, that for the adoption of the committee's
resolution and that for the adoption of the Executive Committee's
resolution, I move on behalf of the committee that the report of
the Special Committee on Restatement of the Law be received but
not adopted as a whole. Do I have a second to that proposition?
The motion was seconded from the floor.
The President:
Is there any objection on the part of the Association to
receiving the report? If not, it will be understood to be re-
ceived and filed. The report is received, but not acted upon,
and the motion is still before the house on the substitute as
submitted by the Secretary on behalf of the Executive Com-
mittee.
90 AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION.
Mr. Andrews :
I move further that the committee be directed, in conjunction
with the Executive Committee, to cooperate with the Committee
of the American Academy of Jurisprudence in the plans and
work of classifying and restating the law.
«
The President :
You have heard the motion made by the Chairman of the
committee, which he offers as a substitute for the motion of
the Secretary, made on behalf of the Executive Conimittee.
Are there any remarks upon that motion ?
Garrett W. McEnemey, of California:
The question is on the substitute, Mr. President?
Mr. Andrews:
The motion I am now taking is as a substitute, Mr. President.
George W. Wickersham, of New York :
I oppose the resolution of the special committee and advocate
the adoption of the resolution recommended by the Executive
Committee. I think the Convention will not have failed to
notice that this Association shall '^ cooperate with the American
Academy of Jurisprudence " in this matter of a restatement of
the law. No one will dispute, I take it, Mr. President, at this
time, the advantage or the necessity of a scientific restatement
and classification of the law. The real question is whether that
shall be done as a commercial matter, this Association taking part
in a commercial enterprise, or whether it shall be done under
appropriate conditions, in a scholarly way, as a matter of sound
legal scholarship. I suppose that all the members of the Associa-
tion have received a pamphlet which is widely circulated and which
IS really at the base of this proposal, entitled, " A Classification
and Eestatement of the Law, under Cooperative Direction of the
American Bar Association and the American Academy of Juris-
prudence. Issued by the Academy Publishing Corporation, of
New York.*' There is set forth the plan which is proposed, in
effect, by the resolution offered by the committee and supported by
Mr. Andrews, and the plan is set forth on another page of this
pamphlet, where it is shown that a business organization has
BHP0BT8 07 C0MMITTBB8. 91
been organized^ known a^ the Academy Publishing Corporation,
three-fifths of whose stock was to be held in trust for the Ameri-
can Academy of Jurisprudence — and there is no statement as
to what that body is or as to who compose it — and two-fifths
of it was to be held in trust for the American Bar Association.
That is a familiar plan of publication. A selected list of
gentlemen has been made who axe offered the privilege of sub-
scribing $800 each to the purchase price. But the significant
thing is that there is nowhere a statement of when or what the
subscribers are to get for their money, and the entire contributed
fund may be spent and nothing returned to the subscribers.
Viewing this as a commercial enterprise, it is radically defec-
tiye in that particular — ^that the money may be collected and
spent and nothing given to the subscribers. If the enterprise is
to be conducted in a scientific manner, there should be a different
organization.
I take it, Mr. President, that when this resolution was pre-
pared by the Executive Committee, it had read and considered
the matter, and felt, as I have no doubt every member of the Bar
who reads this must feel, that it was not such a project as the
American BUr Association should commit itself to. ' Therefore,
Mr. President, I earnestly advocate the adoption of the resolu-
tion recommended by the Executive Committee.
)Ir. Andrews :
The first proposition made by the learned gentleman is that
this should not be a matter of commercialism. The question
of what is and what is not commercialism has been xmder dis-
cussion, for the last ten years, ever .since the " Green Bag ^
exposition, in which some attempt was made at an organization
which should exclude commercialism — that was the key, the
very heart of the covenant — ^and it was to be excluded in this
case by the very means which we have taken.
Now, what do we mean by '^ removed from the pain and terror
of commercialism '' ? Namely, that persons indifferent to the
integrity and the improvement of the law should direct and
should make the manuscript, and that the funds which should
arise from the sale and distribution of bodes, because there is
no dreamer so wild as to suppose that imder any foundation or
93 AMBRICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
any plan of governmental or state action, a corpus juris or
a book of law in this country can be created and distributed
free and without price — it must be created according to business
methods, it must be sold. But the body that furnishes the
money will always control, and if the American Bar furnish
the money, as. it is proposed in this case, they will control
through the American Bar Association, have absolute control
and direction of this work, and the profits which shall arise
from this foundation are to be placed, the stock is to be trusteed
in the hands of trustees selected by the American Bar Asso-
ciation, the sole profit to go as an endowment or jurisprudence
foundation for the benefit of the Bar, for the improyement of
the law, and for the benefit of the public. And that this was
considered important and rational, I will show you by the action
that we took in the formation of the organization known as the
" Academy Publishing Company.'' It had to be a corporation,
and it had to have a name, the statute so required, and it had to
have officers and had to have capital and that capital had to be
fully paid, beyond any dispute. This is a letter of April 9, 1921,
addressed to me as Chairman of the Organization Committee,
American Academy of Jurisprudence, and reading?
Mt DEAB Snt:
I have considered the matter of the oiganization of the Academy
Publishing Corporation, which is a work in conjunction with Uie
American Academy of Jurisprudence, in the publication of the classi-
fication and restatement of law, since my talk with you in Albany a short
time aco. I write to say to you that, if the Academy Publishing Com-
pany aesires me to act as treasurer, and one of the directors of such
organization, I shall be pleased to serve in such capacity, and will
do what I can toward the success of the importanii work attending the
classification and restatement of the law.
Very truly yours,
Fbedbbick £, Wadhams.
We selected for your benefit, in order that there should be no
chance whatever for even a suspicion of a diversion of the funds,
the Treasurer of the American Bar Association to handle those
funds.
Now, on the proposition that there may be something paid
without getting anything for it. The plan is carefully guarded
in that respect — most carefully guarded in that respect — and
the specific contract is contained in the order, not explained in
detail in the pamphlet. The plan is that when you have received
BBPORTS OF COMMITTEES. 93
contributions of exactly the same kind that sixty or seventy of
the great lawyers of this country have made, you would have
in the treasury of the organization $400,000, out of subscriptions
at $500 each — ^more capital than was ever put before this organi-
zation, and there never was a book of this character that was
started for sale but was started on subscriptions, and never
did one of them have a single page other than proposed sample
pages of the proposed book. The American Bar Association
in the last thirty years has paid out $90,000,000 for law books.
They pay out annually about $4,000,000 for law books. They
pay out annually about $1,000,000 for books embraced within
this proposal. Now, can we, have we the solidarity of action,
is it possible to have an organization which is capable of mobiliz-
ing the resources, conserving the resources, and building up
a great 'jurisprudence fund which will enable the Bar Asso-
ciation to support all of these activities? The American Bar
Association is so poor that it cannot and it does not give its
committees sufficient funds, each one of them, to hold a real
committee meeting. And if the Bar Association will approve
what has been approved up to within the last few weeks — well,
I don't ask the American Bar Association to approve, against
the will of the Executive Committee, — the detailed plan of
the organization in which we shall work, and as for the plans
of classification, it is specifically provided in the letter of Mr.
Kemp that that work should be the work of the coming year,
the work of revising the classification, before, of course, a
single page of the book would be set forth, would be adopted.
The first conmiittee reported that classification was the beginning
and the end of the science, that classification of the law was
absolutely necessary to its further improvement.
Now, gentlemen, I will pass to the resolution.
A Member:
May I ask the gentleman a question ? What is the American
Academy of Jurisprudence? Who compose it?
Mr. Andrews:
The American Academy of Jurisprudence was an organization
of distinguished men organized in 1914, just before the war.
The President of the Association was Mr. William Howard Taf t,
94 AMEBIOAK BAB ASSOCIATION.
and Mr. Boot and Mr. Parker and Mr. Wickersham and Mr.
Coudert^ and so on — ^there were a large number — fifty-five mem-
bers in all. They appointed a governing body^ consisting of
fifteen .men^ Mr. Root, Mr. Harriman, Mr. Williston^ Mr. Pound,
and men of that character. The war came on that summer. It
takes a litle time to get started in a matter of that kind, a matter
of such weight, involving the questions that it did. Of course
there could then be nothing publicly done in a matter of that
kind. But the discussion of the important question involved was
not abated. It was at the meeting in 1916 that Mr. Hoot gave the
impulse to this affair by referring to this very corporation and
saying that a body of very earnest.and very able men were engaged
in bringing about a definite, specific organization.
Mr. Wickersham:
Haven't they all resigned ?
Mr. Andrews:
No, they have not. There have been three resignations.
Mr. Wickersham:
Who were they?
Mr. Andrews :
You haven't resigned. You can resign now. They say the
good Indians are the dead Indians, but the good lawyers are
the live ones. We are fighting to a finish.
W. F. Mason, of South Dakota:
May I ask this question: How long do you estimate it will
take to complete this work?
Mr. Andrews:
About seven years. We have an opinion of an expert on that.
Mr. Mason:
What would be the cost to the practitioner?
Mr. Andrews:
The cost to the practitioner, as now arranged, would be $800
for the library — there is no compulsion whatever in the purchase
of it, of course.
REPORTS OF C0MMITTEB8. 95
Mr. Mason: ^
I would like to ask this question. Is this a scheme to get the
book endorsed, a publication not in being?
Mr. Andrews :
Yes.
Mr. Mason:
It would have no authority in any state if adopted by this
Association.
Mr. Andrews:
Oh^ no^ not at all.
Mr. Mason :
It would not be binding on anybody at all ?
Mr. Andrews:
No, sir.
Mr. Mason:
It would be a commentary on the statute law. In other words,
it means another scheme to have the lawyers of this country
buy another set of books.
Mr. Andrews:
If you want to call it a scheme, well and good. We call the
matter a plan to make a specific restatement of our law, complete
and definite, and it has had the endorsement of the greatest of
the jurists, without any doubt, up to within a very few weeks.
The President :
The question now occurs upon the substitute offered by Mr.
Andrews, which is that this matter proceed under the joint con-
trol of the Executive Committee of the American Bar Associa-
tion and the Academy Publishing Corporation. All in favor
of the substitute will say " Aye.'* Those opposed, " No.*' The
motion is lost.
The question now recurs upon the motion made on behalf of
the Executive Committee of the Association by the Secretary, Mr.
Kemp, which I will again read to you, that you may have its
4
96 AMERICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
terms precisely before you: (The President then re-tead the
proposed resolution.)
All those in favor of the adoption of the resolution will say
" Aje" Opposed, " No/^ The ayes have it, and the resolution
proposed by the Executive Committee is adopted.
Mr. Andrews :
I move, Mr. President, that the Committee on Classification
and Restatement of the Law be continued.
The motion was seconded and carried.
{See Report, page 391.)
Committee on Legal Aid Work :
Reginald Heber Smith, of Massachusetts:
The Committee on Legal Aid work asks you to adopt its
report, in which there is contained the following recommenda-
tion that the Association hereby requests the oiBcers of the
Section of Conference of Bar Association Delegates to bring
the subject of legal aid work before the members of the Section
as soon as may be, to the end that every state and local bar
association may be encouraged to appoint a standing committee
on legal aid work.
The report is before you, and I think that a very short state-
ment will satisfy you as to the reasons of this recommendation.
In England, in Scotland, and I have recently learned from our
distinguished visitor from the French Bar, in France also, legal
aid work is carried on by the Bar itself. In this country, we
have built up special org:anizations for the purpose, called legal
aid organizations. But that does not lessen the individual
lawyer's duty towards the matter, nor does it lessen the concern
of the organized Bar in the matter. The only way the organized
Bar can act is through a committee. The American Bar Asso-
ciation already has its committee. What we want now is that the
state and local bar associations should emulate our example.
In New York, San Francisco, and other points, the Bar Associa-
tion has already done so. What we are after, ladies and
gentlemen, is that there should be an effort throughout this
country, through special committees of all bar associations on
REPORTB OF OOMMITTEES. 97
legal aid work, to promote and perfect this work, so that nowhere
in the United States will it be possible for any man, no matter
how humble^ to be denied his day in court, because of his inabil-
ity to pay fees and costs.
Mr. Chairman, on behalf of the committee, I move the adop-
tion of the resolution.
The motion was seconded and carried.
{See Report, page Jlfi2,)
Conmiittee on Aeronautios :
William P. MacCracken, of Illinois :
The Committee on the Law of Aeronautics has three recom-
mendations in its report. The first one is that a committee
be appointed to carry on the work of the committee. The second
one is that the discussion of a Constitutional amendment to vest
exclusive jurisdiction over aeronautics in the federal govern-
ment be discontinued until such time as the state and federal
legislative bodies have adopted laws and those have been con-
strued by the Supreme Court out of which they will eventually
come. It seems that one of the greatest bugaboos in getting
legislation passed, either through the state legislature or through
the national legislature, is that somebody will claim it is uncon-
stitutional. And we felt the need was for enacting favorable
legislation, that aeronautics might be developed.
The third recommendation I am going to take the liberty of
reading. It is this : ^' That the members of the American Bar
Association be urged to cooperate with the national authorities
and with the local authorities in their respective states, to the
end that governmental action may result which will tend to the
development of aeronautics in the United States, thereby con-
tributing to our national prosperity and strengthening our
national defenae.^^
In explanation of that recommendation, I want to call your
attention to the Uniform State Law of Aeronautics, which was
adopted by the Commissioners of Uniform Laws, on Monday of
this week. If there is any legislation proposed in your respective
states, we would urge upon you to see that it conforms in toio to
98 AMBRIGAN BAR ASSOCIATION.
this particular act. The bill has been gone over carefully^ it was
the subject of the conference of two committees in Washington
last February^ and we feel unqualifiedly that it is the best thing to
introduce and pass in the respective state legislatures.
With reference to the federal constitution^ let me state that
the Wadsworth-Hicks bill^ as it is called, is still pending before
the Interstate and Foreign Commerce Committee of the House,
that since this report was prepared, the Chairman of the com-
mittee and Mr. Davis, another member, had a conference in
Washington with Judge Lamb, who has since resigned as solicitor
for the Department of Commerce, who had been working on that
particular bill, and also with Mr. Winslow, the Chairman of the
committee. And we are in hopes that before this Congress ad-
journs, a satisfactory bill will be introduced and passed. If not,
we suggest that there be presented by the succeeding committee
a bill which they believe will be satisfactory. In Washington it
developed from the point of view of the aircraft industry that
they were so desirous of legislation by the federal government,
that they wanted the best legislation obtainable and not any
particular legislation. Therefore the committee determined to
cooperate with the authorities in Congress rather than to attempt
to draft legislation of our own. But if that does not result in
having the coming Congress pass such a bill, it seems to me that
the policy should be to press state legislation and, if possible, get
it through. I move, Mr. President, the adoption of the report.
The motion was seconded and carried.
{See Report, page 4IS.)
Committee on Intemal Bevenue Law and Its Means of Col-
lection :
Charles Henry Butler, of Maine :
This committee was a special committee, and the President
did me the honor of making me the chairman of it. Our report
is a very brief one. We were able to have only one or two meetings
of the committee in Washington, but we took up with the Secre-
tary of the Treasury and the Commissioner of Intemal fievenue
and the higher officers in charge some questions of modification
RKP0RT8 OF COMMITTEBS. 99
of the practice and procedure in this connection. The committee
did not presume to take up legislative matters^ feeling that any
matter of that kind should be at the special instruction of the
Association. What we did was to endeavor to obtain a modifica-
tion of some of the rules and regulations of the Treasury Depart-
ment^ the Internal Revenue Bureau^ in regard to the status of
attorneys. And in our letter to the Secretary of the Treasury
and the Commissioner of Internal Revenue^ which is included in
the report, we have made .various recommendations which I will
not read, but I will just refer to them.
One of them was that attorneys practicing before the Depart-
ment should not only be subject to the pains and penalties which
are in the regulations, but they should also have the privileges
of attorneys, and that the rule that when an attorney appeared
properly qualified to represent a taxpayer, thereafter the attorney
should be the sole channel of communication with the client,
and the attorney should not be embarrassed by having notices
and decisions sent direct to his client without in any way noti-
fying the attorney who had appeared before them and who was
responsible for the conduct of the case — that that modification
of the rule should be made. We obtained from the Commis-
sioner— and I will say that we were very cordially and courteously
received by the higher oflBcials of the bureau — ^proper considera-
tion; and they have promised that the omissions on the part
of the staff in that respect will be remedied and prevented in
the future, and that furthermore, when an attorney once files
a power of attorney in connection with a matter before the
Department, he should be recognized to the conclusion of the case.
Another matter that we urged was that opinions by the bureau
in regard to matters determined there should be given wider
publicity. We have been very greatly impressed, and all those
here who practice before the Treasury Department will appreciate
this, by the fact that we frequently have to argue a case there
without knowing what the law is, because the opinions have been
marked *' Confidential.'* One matter was whether the question of
depreciation was covered by a bond. It was being argued before
the Court of Appeals, and reference was made to a certain
opinion as authority. Counsel for the Government said, " Cer-
100 AMERICAir BAB ASSOCIATION.
tainly^ that opinion does so say, but we are bound by confidential
opinion No. 27.'* The question was then asked what confi-
dential opinion No. 27 was, and the reply came, "We can't
tell you — ^it is confidential.'' And the question was asked if
the case was to be argued without knowing what the rules
were, and the reply came, " Certainly. That is a confidential
opinion." Finally the Chief Justice, if he might be so called,
the Chairman of Appeals and Eeviews, said that he would have
a private conference with a representative of the unit as to what
he felt confidential opinion 27 amounted to in this case. They
went out of the room, and when they came back, they said that,
after all, they had come to the conclusion that confidential opinion
27 did not apply in this case, and we therefore proceeded.
That appears to be ridiculous, gentlemen, I know. But the
question of whether confidential opinion No. 27 applied involved
more than a half million dollars of taxes that the taxpayers would
have to pay, and we were forced to argue as to whether or not
the rules of depreciationj did apply, without knowing what
confidential opinion No. 27 was. We have presented that to
the Secretary of the Treasury, and to the Commissioner of In-
ternal Revenue, and to the others, and we now hope that, sooner or
later, those opinions of the Supreme Court of the Internal Rev-
enue Department will be given to the Bar.
Another point that we took up was the question of some small
questions of practice, and as to those they have said they would
help us, and that when our papers are filed they would be accep-
table.
One further matter which is a matter of substantive law
rather than of practice, is the question of forcing the taxpayer to
pay ii^ his taxes, file a protest, and then bring suit to recover
when in many cases that question would be brought up by the
Government bringing suit or raising the question in such a way
it could be decided before the department has been committed
on the question, and has to go on mulcting the taxpayers until we
are finally relegated to the courts, where the argument is made
that the decision being made by an administrative department
which has administration of the statute, has all the presumption
of correctness. And we go before the courts with the presumption
BLBOnON OF.OFFXOEBS. ' 101
against us^ because the counsel for the Qov/^nment has decided
the case in the Government's favor.
Those are some of the matters which we have tciken up, and
which we are urging upon the officials in the d6p^t^H^^nt. In
some respects we hope that our action may be successful, &t least,
in the direction of modifying the present conditions. Our only
recommendation is that the committee be continued and puri3ue
the work which it is now doing. We ask that it be continued for
the reason that the work is so far only partially concluded.
I move the adoption of the report.
The motion was seconded and carried.
{See Report, page 4SS.)
The President:
Next in order is the nomination and election of officers. Mr.
Hart, the Chainnan of the General Council will report the nomi-
nations made by the General Council.
W. 0. Hart, of Louisiana:
The report of thp General Council is as follows :
August 11, 1922.
To the Members of the American Bar Association in Annual Meeting
Assenibled:
In accordance with vote cast at the meeting of the General Council
held this day, the following are nominated for election as officers of the
Association for the ensuing year:
For President: John W. Davis, of West Virginia.
For Treasurer: Frederick E. Wadhams, of New York.
For Secretary: W. Thomas Kemp, of Maryland.
For members of the Executive Committee: Hugh H. Brown, of
Nevada; John B. Corliss, of Michigan; John T. Richards, of Illinois;
Thomas W. Blackburn, of Nebraska; Wm. Brosmith, of Connecticut:
S. E. Ellsworth, of North Dakota; Thomas W. Shelton, of Virginia and
A. T. ^tovall, of Mississippi.
Mr. President, on behalf of the Council, I move the election
of the officers named in the report of the Coimcil, and that the
Secretary cast the ballot of the Association for them as named.
The motion was seconded and carried and the officers named
were declared unanimously elected.
The President :
I will now recognize former President Francis Rawle, of Phila-
delphia, Pennsylvania.
102 AMERICJ^N BAB ASSOCIATION.
Francis Bawle^ ot J^CHnsylvania :
Mr. Presidenir:';.r*'h&ve the honor to move the adoption of this
resolution:. : '•.
Resolv^'dp* That the American Bar AcBOciation in general meeting
aasemblea, jtereby express to the California Bar, to his Excelleiicy the
GpvemoT of California, and to the Ladies Committee, their great ap-
.|iracia{ion of the generous hospitality extended to the Association and
* 4tt» members which has made this, the largest meeting of the Associa-
tion ever held during the forty-four years of its existence, the most
enjoyable and inspiring event in its history.
The beauty of the city of San Francisco and its environs, its stimu-
lating and inspiring cUmate and the generous courtesy of the California
men and women, all have combined to make our sojourn in San
Francisco a period of pure enjo3rment.
The members of this Association will carry away with them unfading
memories of friendship, kindliness, and naturkl beauty.
The President:
A resolution of that character needs no second. All in favor
of its adoption will stand, and while standing will vote " Aye."
It is unanimously carried.
Nathan Newby, of California and William V. Rooker, of Indi-
ana, offered resolutions which were referred without reading to
the Committee on Law Enforcement and the Executive Com-
mittee, respectively.
Adjourned sine die,
W. Thomas Kemp, Secretary.
SECRETARY'S REPORT
San Prancisoo, Cal., August 9, 1922.
To the American Bar Association:
The report of the proceedings of the last annual meeting of
the Association has been printed and distributed to all members^
to all state bar associations and to legal journals and libraries^
both in the United States and abroad.
There were 15^163 active and 18 honorary members at the date
of the publication of the 1921 report. There have since been
about 750 deaths and resignations, and the proposal of 3003 new
active members, all of whom have been elected by the Executive
Committee making the present membership about 17,000. The
Executive Committee, also elected Sir John A. Simon of London,
England, and Dr. R. Masujima, of Tokyo, Japan, to honorary
membership.
The membership includes representatives of all the states, of
the District of Columbia, and of the insular possessions of
Hawaii, Porto Rico and the Philippines.
There are now in existence 47 state bar associations, and also
the Bar Association of the District of Colunibia, and the Bar
Association of Hawaii. In addition there are more than 900 local
bar associations of which we have record. •
The Secretary has endeavored to keep in close touch with the
state organizations during the year. In lieu of invitations as
formerly issued to state bar associations for appointment of three
delegates to the annual meeting, invitations are now issued by the
Conference of Bar Association Delegates to each state associa-
tion to send three delegates and to each local association to send
two delegates to the Conference, such delegates also to represent
their respective associations at the meeting of the Association.
The Secretary attended the Special Conference on Legal Edu-
cation arranged by a joint Committee of the Section of Legal
Education and the Conference of Bar Association Delegates. This
Special Conference was largely attended and resulted in the adop-
(103)
104 AMEBIGAK BAB ASSOOIATION.
tion of the resolutions recommended by the Association at its
1921 meeting.
The Secretary has continued to supply, upon request, copies
of the Canons of Professional Ethics; about 1600 copies have
been distributed since the last annual meeting.
Notices were duly sent by the Secretary to all standing and
special committees, requesting attention to matters particularly
referred to them.
The reports of certain committees for the year 1921-1922 were
printed in a special pamphlet, which issued to members more than
30 days in advance of the meeting. The reports are as follows :
Standing Committees, — Admiralty and Maritime Law; Com-
merce, Trade and Commercial Law; Jurisprudence and Law
Reform; Legal Aid; Professional Ethics and Grievances.
Special Committees, — Uniform Judicial Procedure; Classifi-
cation and Eestatement of the Law ; Law of Aeronautics ; Internal
Revenue Law and its Means of Collection ; Law Enforcement.
Sections, Allied Bodies, etc. — Comparative Law Section, and
Section of Patent, Trade-Mark and Copyright Law.
The new monthly Joubnal has now completed its second year.
The Secretary has co-operated closely with the Board of Editors
of the JouBNAL, and has from time to time supplied current in-
formation concerning the aifairs of the Association. The Sec-
retary's office has had charge of the details of the printing and
issuance of the Annual Report, the pamphlet containing the re-
port of the proceedings of the Special Conference on Legal Edu-
cation above mentioned, and the special pamphlet containing
reports of standing and special committees.
In response to a growing demand, and by direction of the
Executive Committee, the Secretary has re-arranged the geo-
graphical list of members by cities and counties, instead of merely
by states as formerly, and has inserted opposite the name of each
member the date of his election. The new list appeared in the
1920 volume of the Association reports, and has been revised and
re-published in the 1921 volume.
The Secretary has received during the year reports of the vari-
ous state bar associations, and a number of other books, all of
which have been acknowledged through the Joubnal.
SECRETABT^S REPOBT. 105
The Secretar/8 office, established in Rooms A and B of the
Palace Hotel, will use the system of registration cards as in re-
cent years. These cards may be obtained at the office or in this
meeting room. Cards should be signed legibly, and, after all
blanks are filled, should be returned promptly.
Members and delegates are requested to register as soon as
convenient after arrival. Daily lijsts of those in attendance will
be printed for distribution at the meeting, and the last revision
thereof will be included in the Report of the Proceedings.
A separate register of the members of the Judicial Section will
be kept in the Secretar}''8 office. Palace Hotel, and members of that
Section are requested to register their names and addresses imme-
diately upon arrival.
Copies of the Constitution and By-Laws, program of 1922 meet-
ing, lists of officers and committees, copies of committee reports.
Canons of Ethics and other literature of the Association can be
had at the Secretaryfs office in Rooms A and B of the Palace
Hotel. Upon request at Secretary's office, stenographic service
will be supplied.
Pigeonhole furniture has been provided in the Secretary's
office for mail addressed to members in care of the American Bar
Association; members will please inquire periodically for mail,
message and telegrams.
Application blanks and information concerning the status of
applicants, as well as all information concerning membership,
may be obtained at the Headquarters of the Association.
The Secretary endeavors to keep the street address of each
member, and prompt notification of changes is requested.
f Respectfully submitted,
W. Thomas Kbmp, Secretary.
*
TREASURER'S REPORT
YEAR ENDING JULY 26, 1922.
Summary of Membership Roll.
Membership August 16, 1921 14,111
New members subject to 1922 dues 1,706
New members subject to 1923 dues 1,783
Reinstated during year 31
3,520
17,631
Deaths 231
Resignations 94
Dropped 336
661
Membership July 26, 1922 16,970
Membesshif Dues to be Accounted For:
AugiLst 16, 1921 — Memhers:
Paid dues for 1922 in advance 1,640 @ $6 each $9^840.00
Paid dues for .1923 in advance 1 6.00
Owing dues for 1922 12,471 74326.00
Owing dues for 1919 5 30.00
Owing dues for 1920 275 1,650.00
Owing dues for 1921 1,053 6,318.00
New members added during year 1921-1922
subject to 1922 dues, Listo 154-159, incl. . 1,706 10,236.00
New members added subject to 1923 dues,
Lists 160-173, incl 1,783 10,698.00
Reinstated owing 1915 dues 1 6.00
Reinstated owing 1920 dues 9 54.00
Reinstated owing 1921 dues 16 96.00
Reinstated owing 1922 dues 25 150.00
Reinstated owing 1923 dues 2 ___ 12.00
18.987 $113,922.00
Members (distinguished from new members
added) who paid 1923 dues this year in
advance 35
35' 210.00
19,022 $114,132.00
Accounted For:
Paid 1922 dues in advance 1,640 $9,840.00
Paid 1923 dues in advance 1 6.00
$9,846.00
Dues paid during year 1921-1922 :
Paid 1915 dues 1 $6.00
Paid 1920 dues 92 552.00
Paid 1921 dues 561 3,366.00
Paid 1922 dues 12,435 74,610.00
Paid 1923 dues 1,216 7,296.00
Total dues paid year ending 85330.00
July 26, 1922 14^05
(106)
treasureb's report.
107
Deaths owing 1920 dues 3
Deaths owing 1921 dues 10
Deaths owing 1022 dues 211
Resignations owing 1921 dues.. 4
Resignations owing 1922 dues.. 30
Dropped owing 1919 dues 4
Dropped owing 1920 dues 180
Dropped owing 1921 dues 303
Dropped owing 1922 dues 335
Dropped owing 1923 dues 1
Exempted for 1919 dues 1
Exempted for 1920 dues 9
Exempted for 1921 dues 8
Exempted for 1922 dues 4
Permanent exemptions (1922).. 2
Members owing 1921 dues 177
Members owing 1922 dues 1,179
Members (new) owing 1923 dues. 002
Member reinstated owing 1923
dues, but not yet paid for. . . 1
19^^
Dr.
$18.00
90.00
i;2eo.oo
24.00
216.00
24.00
1,080.00
1318.00
2,010.00
0.00
0.00
54.00
48.00
24.00
12.00
1,0@.00
7,074XK)
3,612j00
OjOO $114,132j00
$114,132.00
To cash on hand at date of last report
To cash received from members for subscriptions to annual
dinner at Cincinnati
To cash received from subscriptions to American Bab Aiaso-
ciATioN Journal
To cash received from sale of Amkbican Bab Association
Journal
To cash received from advertisements in the American Bab
Association Journal
To cash received from sale of copies of annual reports of the
Association
To cash received from sale of membership lists
To cash received interest on funds deposited in savings banks.
To cash received interest on funds invested in railroad bonds. .
To cash received interest on funds invested in Liberty Loan
bonds
To amount refunded by (Dontinental Memorial Hall rent for
Conference at Washington of Bar Association Delegates
on Legal Education
To amoimt refunded by former Membership Committee
To amount refunded by Secretary for postage on 1921 annual
meeting Committee Reports
To cash received for sale of copies of proceedings of (Don-
ference of Bar Association Delegate on Legal Education. .
To cash borrowed money
To cash received dues of members $6 each :
For 1919 1 SOjOO
1920 92 562i»
$12,766.48
4;i56.00
581.76
17752
5,260.09
111.50
26.00
2sn
712.50
637^
115i»5
4.65
54.12
100.00
10,000.00
For
For 1921 561 3,366X)0
For 1922 12,435 74^10i)0
For 1923 1,216 7,296.00
14^
Total receipts $120336j94
853ao.oo
108 AMEBICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
- Summary of Disbursements, August 16i 1921 to July 26» 1922,
Inclusive.
Expenses of annual meeting 1921 $1,653.40
Expenses of annual meeting 1922 672.76
Expenses of annual dinner 1921 4322.00
Stenographer reporting annual meeting 1921 1,658.18
Hotel expenses and entertainment of guests at annual
meeting 1921 552.62
$8,768.96
Annual report:
Printing $15396.45
Shipping 2^9.78
17,96623
American Bar Association Journal:
Printing monthly issues of Journal (11 months) .$18,61331
Shipping expenses, sorting labels by states,
pasting wrappers, labels, etc ^. . . 1336.01
Miscellaneous printing for wrappers, shipping
labels, etc 14733
Printing index Vol. 7 19534
Salary 4,900.00
Clerk hire 1,686.00
Rent 870.00
Traveling expenses 90.16
Payment of assistants in editorial work 83.77
Extra postage 6.42
For office expense account during year * 2,272.78
$30,199.12
Expenses of Executive Committee 2,606.54
Amount of appropriations expended by committees. (See
Schedule " A '^ hereto attached) 20,984.90
Addressograph supplies and repairs 148.06
Furniture and equipment 245.70
Books and periodicals 20.60
Miscellaneous printing 63S7.40
Process letters and typewriting 286.68
Stamps, stamped envelopes, postal cards and parcel post 2,736.43
Stationery and supplies 172.41
Sundry expenses 17633
Telegraph and cable , 254.71
Telephone tolls 19831
Express and freight 132.62
Rent of rooms in Maryland Trust Building, Baltimore, Md.. . . 480.00
Rent of storage room in Baltimore, Md : 33.(X)
Rent of rooms in Spencer Trask Building, Albany, N. Y 678.74
President's expenses 1921 7.44
Secretary's traveling expenses for self and assistants 33135
Treasurer's traveling expenses 926.45
Secretary's office salary account 5,000.00
Treasurer's office salary account 5,000.00
Treasurer's salary 5,000.00
Borrowed money repaijd 10,000.00
Interest on borrowed money 9034
Total disbursements $11731331
Cash on Hand.
Total receipts $120,636.94
Total disbursements 117313.81
Cash on hand July 26, 1922 $2323.13
* This item includes $1368.90, postage on eleven iasues of the Joxtrnal,
September, 1921, to July^ 1922, inclusive.
tbsasubeb's bepobt. 109
Bank Dbposits and Cash on Hand.
Funds deposited in savings banks 163.17
Funds deposited in Albany Trust Co., checking
account 1 2,691^
Cash on hand in Treasurer's office 68.67
S2,823.13
FvNps Invested.
10 No. Pac. R. R. Priw Lien 4's $9,637 JW
5 Pa. R. R. Consolidated 4i's 5,356^
5 111. Central R. R. 4'8 bought at 91i 4^75.00
10 $1,000 U. 8. Government bonds (4i% Second
Liberty Loan) 10,000.00
5 tlfiOO U. 8. Government bonds (4i% Third Liberty
Loan 5,000.00
$34.568.75
Total cash on hand and funds invested $37^1.88
8cHBDnij» "A."
AMOUNTS AFPROPBIATIID TO AND EXPENDED BT OOMMITrBBS.
Appropriated
/ " *
lMD-1981 102M928 Oommittce on Expended
250X)0 250.00 Comparative Law Section 00.00
500.00 ' 500.00 Section of Criminal Law $345.00
IfiOOJOO 4.250.00 Section Legal Education 3,632.21
250.00 400XK> Judicial Section 224.47
150.00 150.00 Public Utilities Section 40.83
1,250.00 3,000.00 Section Conference Bar Association Dele-
gates 3,425.16
200.00 250.00 Patent Law Section 315.71
OOiX) 200.00 Admiralty and Maritime Law 00.00
00.00 250.00 Legal Aid 36^
600.00 2,000.00 Commerce, Trade and Commercial Law.. 1,685,67
300i)0 500.00 Professional Ethics and Grievances 339.42
OOXX) 750.00 Internal Revenue and its means for
Collection 235.12
400.00 400.00 Insurance Law 00.00
100.00 100.00 International Law 00.00
250.00 250X)0 Uniform Judicial Procedure 107.40
1,400.00 l/)00.00 Jurisprudence and Law Reform 663.38
00.00 1,000.00 Law Enforcement 1,198.54
00.00 500.00 Monument to Judge Chase 240.00
500.00 00.00 Legislative Drafting 00.00
3,000XK) 00.00 Membership:
Lucien Hurfi Alexander, Chairman 30.00
00.00 3,000.00 Frederick E. Wadhams, Chairman.... 4^35.39
00.00 1,000.00 Judicial Ethics OO.QQ
250.00 00.00 Change of Date of Presidential Inaugura-
tion 00.00
IjmXJO 1,600.00 PubUcity U1L31
450.00 250.00 Classification and Restatement of the Law 150.00
500.00 250.00 Noteworthy changes in Statute Law 00.00
00.00 IpOOOXX) Representatives of A. B. A. to Conference
Bar Delegates 635.62
2,500.00 4,500.00 Commissioners on Uniform State Laws. . . 1,500.00
350XK) 350jOO Law of Aviation 12S3I
Total $20,984.90
Fbedebiok E. Wadhams,
Treasurer.
REPOUT
OF THB
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
San Pbanoisoo, Cal., August 9, 1922.
To the American Boar AssodcUion:
The Executive Committee respectfully reports that under
Article III, Section "d/* of the Confititution providing for
election of members between meetings of the Association, the
committee has elected 3003 members of the Association, upon
nomination by a majority of the Vice-President and Iiocal
Coimcil of the respective states.
The Executive Committee has also, by virtue of authority con-
ferred upon it by Article III of the Constitution, elected to hono-
rary membership. Sir John A. Simon of London, England, and
Dr. Sokuichiro Masujima, of Tokyo, Japaa.
The Executive Committee met at Tampa, Florida, January 9,
10 and 11, 1922. Many matters of detail in the work of the
Association were brought before, and passed upon by the com-
mittee, as more fully appears from the minutes of these meetings.
The committee has kept in close touch with the Board of
Editors of the American Bak Association Journal, now com-
pleting its second year as a monthly periodical. In September
and January, the committee conferred personally with the Board
of Editors of the Journal. The committee at the beginning of
the current year, upon request of the Chairman of the Board of
Editors of the Journal, placed at the disposal of the board an
allowance not exceeding $40,000, for the year ending August,
1922. The board reports regularly to the committee concerning
receipts and disbursements. The expense of publishing the
Journal for the year has amounted to $30,531.20, whereof,
$6,178.91 has been repaid by advertising and subscriptions mak-
ing the net expense $24,352.29, or an average net expense of
$2029.35 per month.
(110)
RBPORT OF EXSCUTIYB COMMITTEB. Ill
The committee appropriated the sum of $5000 to Frederick E.
Wadhams in recognition of his valued and continued service to
the American Bar Association for the past twenty years.
The committee passed resolutions favoring certain proposed
legislation pending in Congress and authorized the President
to take appropriate steps in support thereof^ as follows :
1. Senate Bill No. 2433, providing for an appointment of
18 additional federal judges.
2. Senate Bill No. 2870 providing for uniformity of procedure
in practice in federal courts.
The committee approved the list of General Council, for the
separate jurisdiction of the Philippine Islands. The committee
invited the members of the American Bar Association resident in
China to hold a meeting and elect General Council, Vice-Presi-
dent and Local Council from that jurisdiction under the name of
the American Bar Assodation in China.
The committee ha^ received from Dr. R. Masujima of Tokyo,
Japan, a communication addressed to the American Bar Associa-
tion inviting this Association to join the International Bar
Association with headquarters at Tokyo. The committee has
been forced to decline this invitation, because under the Consti-
tution of this Association, its activities and powers are limited to
the United States of America.
Under the authority of the committee, the President has ap-
pointed the following special committees :
1. Committee on Coordination of Work of Sections and Com-
mittees, consisting of Messrs. John B. Corliss, Thomas W. Shelton,
C. A. Severance and George B. Young. The report of this
special conunittee is herewith attached as part hereof.
2. Committee on Marking the Grave of Chief Justice Chase,
composed of Messrs. Selden P. Spencer, Andrew Squire and Guy
W. Mellon. This committee has selected a suitable monument,
cQntracted for its erection and collected the sum of $4000 to
defray the expense thereof.
3. Committee on Uniformity of Size of Records and Briefs
consisting of Messrs. Thomas W. Shelton and Thomas C.
McGlellan.
112 AMEBIOAN BAB ASSOOIATIOK.
4. Committee on Defining Scope and Activities of Standing
Committee on ProfesBional Ethics and Grievances consisting of
Messrs. Thomas C. McClellan^ John T. Bichards and Thomas
Francis Howe.
5. Committee on Judicial Ethics consisting of Chief Justice
Taft^ Chief Justice Leslie C. Cornish of Maine, Chief Justice
Robert von Moschzisker of Pennsylvania, and Messrs. George
Sutherland and Charles A. Boston. This committee has held
meetings and the matter is still under consideration.
6. Committee on Promotion of American Ideals composed of
Messrs. Martin J. Wade, Edgar B. Tolman, Walter George Smith,
R. E. L. Saner and Andrew A. Bruce. The report of this com-
mittee will be submitted at a later session.
7. Committee on Index to Legal Periodicals composed of
Messrs. George B. Young, W. 0. Hart and Frederick E. Wadhams.
8. Committee on Internal Revenue Law and Its Means of Col-
lection, consisting of Messrs. Charles Henry Butler, Murray M.
Shoemaker, William H. FoUand, George M. Morris, Benjamin
W. Kernan. The report of this committee will be submitted at
a later session.
9. Committee on Removal of Government Liens on Real Estate
consisting of Messrs. John T. Richards, Chester I. Long and
John A. Chambliss. This committee still has the matter under
consideration.
The Executive Committee invited the International Bar Asso-
ciation and the Canadian Bar Association to send one or more
delegates to attend the annual meeting of the Association.
The President appointed the following delegates on behalf of
the Association, to attend the meetings indicated:
Henry W. Anderson and Silas H. Strawn to attend the meeting
of the American Academy of Political and Social Science in
Philadelphia on May 12 and 13, 1922.
Henry St. George Tucker to attend the William and Mary
College celebration.
John W. Davis to attend the meeting of the Canadian Bar
Association in Vancouver August 16, 17 and 18, 1922.
The committee further/ reports that, in accordance with By-
Laws X and XII, appropriations were made for the use of the
REPOBT OF EXSOUTIYB COMMITTEE. 113
respective committees^ sections^ etc.^ not exceeding the following
amounts :
SECTIONS.
AmouDts
L^al Education $4^50.00
Conference of Bar Association Delegates 3,000.00
Commissioners on Uniform State Laws 4,500.00
Judicial Section 400.00
Patent, Trade-Mark and Copyright Law 250.00
Comparative Law Bureau 250.00
Pubhc Utility Law 150.00
Criminal Law 600.00
COMMITTEES.
Commerce, Trade and Commercial Law 2,000.00
International Law 100.00
Insurance Law 400.00
Jurisprudence and Law Reform 1,000.00
Professional Ethics and Grievances 500.00
Admirality and Maritime Law 200.00
Publicity 1,500.00
Noteworthv Changes in Statute Law 250.00
Membership 3,000.00
Uniform Judicial Procedure 250.00
Classification and Restatement of the Law 250.00
Law of Aeronautics 350.00
Legal Aid 250.00
Law Enforcement 1,000.00
Marking Grave of Chief Justice Cha% 500.00
Representatives of American Bar Association 1,000.00
Internal Revenue and its Means of Collection. . . . 750.00
Judicial Ethics 1,000.00
Total $27,600jOO
Bespectfully submitted,
CoRDBNio A. Severance,
Fbederigk E. Wabhams,
Hugh H. Brown,
John B. Corliss,
John T. Richards,
Thomas W. Blackburn,
William Brosmith,
^ S. E. Ellsworth,
Thomas W. Shelton,
" W. Thomas Kemp.
MEMBERS AND DELEGATES REGISTERED
AT THE
FORTY-FIFTH ANNUAL MEETING
1922.
CANADA.
ADglln, Justice, Ottawa.
Baxter, John B. If., St. John.
Daviaon, Geoxge Hark, Vancouver.
Lockyer, Arthur Leonard, Vancouver.
Martin, Hon. J. E., Montreal, Quebec.
Surveyer, E. Fabre, Montreal.
Taylor, S. S., Vancouver.
FRANOE.
Aubepin, Henry, Paria.
JAPAN.
Hanoaka, Toshlo, Tokya
Masujima, R., Tokyo.
ALABAMA.
Acker, William P., Anniston.
Oabanisa, E. H., Birmingham.
Cooper, Lawrence, Huntsville.
Dixon, J. K., Talladega.
Nelson, Geo. A., Decatur.
ARIZONA.
Olark, E. A., Phoenix.
OoUina, Huber A., Yuma.
Oraig, J. Early, Phoenix.
Curley, Frank E., Tucson.
Davis, Robert M., Tucson.
Favour, A. H., Prescott.
OUroore, W. O., Dotiglas.
Oung'l, John C, Willoox.
Hartman, Francis M., Tucson.
Jayne, A. A., Oasa Grande.
Knapp, 0. T., Bisbee.
Lamson, Richard, Prescott.
Lavin, James P., Phoenix.
Marka, Bamett B., Phoenix.
Mathews, Olifton, Globe.
Norris, Thomas G., Prescott
Pickett, Harry E., Douglas.
Stahl, Floyd M., Phoenix.
Sullivan, John L., Prescott.
WilklDBon, H. B., Phoenix.
Wilson, a B., Flagstaff.
Winsett, A. L, Tucson.
ARKANSAS.
Haunter, J. H., Little Rock.
Mann, S. H., Forrest City.
Pace, Frank, Little Rock.
CALIFORNIA.
Abbott, Wm. M., San Francisco.
Ach, Heniy; San Francisco.
Ackerman, Lloyd S., San Francisco.
Adams, Anette Abbott, San Francisco.
Adams, Charles Albert, San Francisco.
Adams, William F., Los Angeles.
Agnew, Albert C, San Francisco.
Allan, R. E., San Francisco.
Allan, Thos. A., San Francisca
Allard, Joseph A. Jr., Pomona.
Altman, John C, San Frandsoo.
Ames, Alden, San Frandsoo.
Anderson, Clarendon W., Santa Rosa.
Anderson, William H., Loa Angeles.
Andrews, A. V., Los Angeles.
Andrews, William Samuel, San Francisco.
Angellotti, F. M., San Francisco.
Appel, Cyril, San Frandsco.
Arendt, Margaret, San Francisco.
Armstrong, £. H., Grass Valley.
Armstrong, R. M. J., San Frandsco.
Ashbum, Allen W., Los Angeles.
Ashley, A. H., Stockton.
Atwood, C. G., San Franciaca
Austin, Frank B., San Francisco.
Aynesworth, G. L., Fresno.
Bailey, A. G., Woodland.
Barber, L. N., Fresna
Barber, Oscar T., San Francisco.
Barcroft, Joseph, Madera.
Bardin, Judge J. A., Salinas.
Barendt, Arthur H., San Francisco.
Barrett, R. M., Santa Rosa.
Barrowa, R. K., San Francisco.
Barrows, W. H., San Francisco
Baylees, W. S., San Francisco.
Beardsley, Charles A., Oakland.
Beckett, O. Tucker, San Francisco.
Becsey, Roland, San Frandsco.
Beebe, George, Los Angeles.
Beedy, Louis S., San Francisco.
(114)
MEMBERS AND DELEGATES BE0I8TEBED.
115
' B«ll, Golden W., San FranciRCO.
Bennett, Eugene D.,*San Francisco.
BeiiB^rot, P. A., San Francisco.
Berry, Fred. L., San Francisco.
Bickder, W. S., Los Angeles.
Bien, Joeeph E., San Francisco.
Billings, Addie K., Oalistoga.
Bingham, Joseph W., Stanford University.
Binnard, Morris, San Diego.
Bischoff, Heniy J., San Diego.
Black, A. P., San Francisco.
Blakem&n, T. Z., San Francisco.
Blanckenbuig, G. B., Berkeley.
Bledsoe, Benjamin P., Los Angeles.
Bluzome, Joseph P., San Francisco.
Boland, P. Eldred, San Francisco.
Bolton, Arthur W., San Francisco.
Booth, Henley O., Berkeley.
Bordwell, Walter, Loa Angeles.
Borland, Robert H., San Francisco.
Bosley, Wm. B., San Franciaco.
Boyken, A. W., San Francisco.
Boynton, Albert E., San Francisco.
Boynton, Chas. 0., San Francisco.
BradlQr, Christopher M., San Francisco.
Brand, Clyde H., Sacramento.
Brandenatein, H. U., San Francisco.
Braun, Walter S., San Francisco.
Breckenridge, James J., San Diego.
Brennan, Robert, Lot Angeles.
Bridgford, Eugene A., San Francisco.
Britt, E. W., Los Angeles.
Brittain, P. S., San Francisco.
Brobeck, W. L, San Francisco.
Bronson, Roy jL, San Francisca
Brookman, Douglas, San Francisco.
Brouillet, A. W., San Francisco.
Brown, William B., Los Angeles.
Brown, Joseph A., San Francisco.
Brun, S. J., San Francisco.
Bryan, Wm. Jennings, Jr., Los Angeles.
Buck, George P., Stockton.
Buckley, Christopher A., San Francisco.
Bull, Franklin P., San Francisco.
Bullock. Georgia P., Los Angeles.
Burke, Andrew P., San Francisco.
Burnett, W. S., San Francisco.
Bush, Gea B., Sacramento.
Butler, J. W. S., Sacramento.
Butler, M. B., Pasadena.
Byington, Lewia P., San Francisco.
Cabaniss, Judge George H., San Franolsco.
Gahill, Lawrence If., San Mateo.
Oalfee. Tsar N., Richmond.
Campbell, Donald Torke, San Francisco.
Canfield, Robert B., Santa Barbara.
Carline, A. M. Jr., Santa Rosa.
Qarlaon, Arthur J., Modesto.
Carr. Francis, Redding.
Carr, Sterling, San Francisco.
Garter, Royle A., San Francisco.
Gary, W. P., San Diego.
Cashman, W. E., San Francisco.
Castberg, Biame, Los Angele&
Cathcart, A. M., Palo Alto.
Caulfleld, C. Harold, San Francisca
Chamberlain, R. H. Jr., Oakland.
Chamberlin, Heibert, San Francisco.
Chambers, William, Loa Angelea.
Chandler, A. E., San FYandaeo.
Chandler, Jeff. P., Los Angeles.
Chapman, Edgar C, San Francisco.
Chase, Charles W., Los Angeles.
Chenoweth, Orr M., Redding.
Ghickering, Allen L., San Francisco.
Childs, Enid, San Francisco.
Church, Lincoln S., Oakland.
Clark, Herbert W., San Francisco.
Clarke, Robert M., Loa Angeles.
Clayaon, Walter S., Corona.
Clock, Ralph H., Long Beach.
Cluff, Alfred, T., San Francisco.
Coe, Arthur P., Los Angelea.
Coffey, Edward I., San Francisca
Coffey, Jeremiah Y., San Francisco.
Coghlan, John P., San Francisca
Cohen, Louia, Atascadero.
Colby, Wm. E., San Francisco.
Cole, Cornelius, Los Angeles.
Cole, Franklin J., El Centro.
Coleberd, J. W., South San Francisco.
Collins, Victor F«rd, Los Angles.
Colston, Jamea E., San Francisco.
Connolly, George A., San Francisco.
Conrey, N. P., Los Angeles.
Cooley, A. E., San Francisco.
Corbet, Burke, San Francisco.
Cormac, T. E. K., San Francisco.
Cornish, Frank V., Berkeley.
Cosgrove, T. B., Los Angeles.
Countryman, Robert H., San Francisco.
Orabbe, John Hammond, San Francisco.
Craig, Hugh H., Riverside.
Crane, A. Bathurst, San Francisco.
Creed, Wigginton E., San Francisco.
Orider, Joe, Jr., Los Angeles'.
Crocker, Chas. H., Sacramento.
Crosby, Peter J., Hayward.
Cross, J. M., Modesto.
Cross, R. H., San Francisco.
Crothers, Qeo. E., San Francisco.
Crothers, Thomas G., San Francisco.
Crow, S. E., Santa Barbara.
Crump, Guy Richards, Los Angeles.
Cullinan, Eustace, Ban Francisco.
Cnlver, Richard J. 0., Los Angeles.
116
AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION.
Cunha, Edward A., San FrancMOO.
Curran, John M., Santa Barbara.
Curtis, J. W., San Bernardino.
Cushln^, Charles S., San Francisco.
Cushing, 0. K., San Francisco.
Outten, Charles P., San Francisco.
Cuttrell, C. J., Yreka.
Dall, Cornelius O., San Francisco.
Daney, Eugene, San Diego.
Darlington, Barton, Los Angeles.
Davis, W. Jefferson, San Di^^.
Davison, C. W., San Jose.
Deahl, John L., San Francisco.
Dearing, Milton M., Fresno,
de Bettencourt, Jose L., San Francisco.
Deering, Frank P., San Francisco.
Deering, James H., San Francitoo.
DeForest, Joseph O., San Francisco.
De Oarmo, G. C, Los Angeles.
Dehm, W. H., Los Angeles.
Dehy, Wm. D., Independence.
De Lap, T. H., Richmond.
De Ligne, A. A, San Francisca
Denman, William, San Francisco.
Dennett, L. L., Modesto.
Derby, S. Basket, San Franci«co.
Demham, Monte. A., San Francisco.
De Roy, Irvin E., San Francisco.
Dessouslavy, A. P., San Francisco.
Devlin, Frank A., San Francisco.
Devlin, Wm. H., Sacramento.
Devoto, Anthony S., San Francisco.
Dibblee, Albert J., San Francisco.
Dinkelspiel; Heniy O. W.* San Francisco.
Docker, P. W., Fresno.
Dockweiler, Isidore B., Los AngelsR.
Dockweiler, Thos. A. J., Los Angeles.
Dole, Edward J., Petaluma.
Donahue, William H., Oakland.
Dooling, Maurice T., Jr., San Frandsoo.
Dom, Winfleld, San Francisco.
Dorr, Frederick W., San Francisco.
Dorsey, J. W., San Francisco.
Douglas, J. Franklin, San Francisco.
Dow, W. A., San Francisco.
Downing, William S., San Francisco.
Doyle, Clyde, Long Beach.
Dreher, Fred L., San Francisco.
Drew, A. M., Fresna
Drobisch, Walter E., San Frandaco.
Drum, John S., San Francisco.
Dunlap, Boutwell, San Francisco.
Dunne, Frank H., San Francisco.
Dunn, Jesse J., Oakland.
Dwyer, J. J., San Francisco.
Eells, Charles P., San Francisco.
Ehrman, Sidney M., San Francisco.
Eickhoff, Henry, San Francisco.
Ellison, Judge John P., Red BlulT.
Ellsworth, Oliver, San- Francisco.
Emmons, George E., Ross.
Erskine, Herbert W., San Francisco.
Erskine, Morse, San Franciioo.
Estudillo, Miguel, Riverside.
Evans, Lyman, Riverside.
Evans, Perry, San Franciaco.
Eversole, Keith C, Ukiah.
Fallon, Joseph P., San Francisco.
Farmer, Milton T., San Francisco.
Faulconer, Mrs. Oda, Los Angeles.
Finch, Fabius T., San Francisco.
Finch, Wilbur D., Los Angeles.
Fisher, Eugene I., Long Beach.
Fitch, J. R., Fresna
Fitzgerald, R. M., Oakland.
Fletcher, Kimball, Los Angeles.
Foerster, Roland C, San Frandsco.
Foltz, Clara Shortridge, Los Angeles.
Ford, Tirey L., San Frandsco.
Ford, W. J., Los Angeles.
Foulds, E. J., San Frandsoo.
Fourtner, August L., San Francisco.
Fratessa, Paul F., San Frandaco.
Freeman, G. R., Riverside.
Freitas, Lawrence T., Stockton.
Frohman, Isaac, San Francisco.
Frost, C. A S., San Frandsco.
Fulton, R. M., Los Angeles.
Funke, H. W., Sacramento.
Geibel, Martin E., Los Angeles.
Gerstle, Mark I., San Frandaca
Gherini, Ambrose, San Frandsco.
Gibbs, George A., PasadefUu
Gibson, hving D., Sacramento.
Gifford, F. W., Los Angeles.
Goldberg, John J., San Francisco.
Goodell, C. J., San Frandsoo.
Goodfellow, Hugh, San Francisco.
Goodman, Louis E., San Frandsoo.
Goodspeed, Richard C, Lot Angeles.
Gordon, Hugh, San Francisco.
Gordon, Hugh T., Loa Angeles.
Gorrill, William H., San Frandaco.
Goebey, P. F., San Jose.
Graham, Wm. S., San Frandsco.
Granger. Kyle G., Los Angeles.
Grant, William, San Francisco.
Gray, Chas. A., San Frandsca
Gray, Gordon, San Diego.
Gray, R. S., San Frandsoo.
Gregoiy. H. D., Oroville.
Gregory, T. T. C, San Francisco.
Griffith, R. Williams, San Francisco.
Griffith, W. G., Santa Barbara.
Griffiths, L. P., San Francisco.
Qroene, John F., Daly City.
inSMBBBS AND DBLBQATKS BSGI8TBBED.
117
Outhrle, 8. W., Lob Angelea.
Haber, Joseph Jr., San FranclBco.
Ha6k«tty O. Nebon, San Franciaco.
Hadaell, Dan, San Francisco.
Bahn, BenJ. W.» Paiadena.
Haluif Edwin F., Paaadena.
Haines, A., San Diego.
Haines, Hartin L., Los Angeles.
Hains, T. W., Oakland.
Hale, Theodore, San Francisco.
Hall, Frank, San FrandBoo.
Hanbley, F. J., San Jose.
Hamm, Lw S., San Francisco.
Hammon, Percy Y., Loa Angeles.
Hanley, James M., San Francisco.
Hanloo, Charles F., San Francisco.
Hannum, O. S., Richmond.
HardUig, R. T., San Francisco.
Hardy* Ckrlos S., Los Angeles.
Harris, A. P., Fresno.
Harris, IL K., Fresno.
Harrison, Ifaurlce £., San Frandsco.
Harrison, Ridiard O., San Frandsoo.
Hart, John W., Los Angeles.
HarvQr, F. N., Bakersfleld.
Hatfield, V. Lw, Sacramento.
Haven, Thomas E., Ban Francisco.
Haven, Harold B., San Franciaoo.
Hanson, Heniy, Fresno.
Hayhurst, L. B., Fresno.
Haalett, William Los Angeles.
Healy, Timothy, San Francisco.
Hean^, John W., Santa Barbara.
Heller, E. S., San Francisco.
Hengstler, Louis T., San Francisco.
Henshall, Richard Percy, San Frandsoo.
Herrington, B. A., Los Angeles.
Herrington, George, San Francisco.
Hettman, Walter E., San Francisco.
Hess, W. T., San Francisco.
Hewitt, Leslie R., Los Angeles.
Heywood, John Oxithrle, San Francisco.
Hill, Ohaffee E., San Frandsco.
Hillyer, Ourtia, San Diego.
Hinckley, Frank E., San Frandsca
Hooker, J. W., Los Angeles.
Hodghead, Beverly L., San Francisco.
Hoge, J. Hampton, San Francisco.
Hoefler, L. If., San Frandsco.
Hohfeld, Edward, San Francisco.
Hollxer, Harry A., Los Angelea
Houghton, Edward T., San Frandsco.
How, Jared, Ban Francisco.
Hubbard, T. W., San Francisco.
Hubbard, William P., San Francisco.
Hoebner, F. O., Fresno.
Hughes, Oharles T., San Frandsco.
Humphrey, 0. F., Ban Franosoo.
Humphreys, William Penn, San Fjrandsco.
Hunsaker, Wm. J., Los Angeles.
Hunt, William H., San Frandsco.
Hunter, Ben S., Los Angeles.
Hutchinson, Joseph K., San Frandsco.
Hynes, W. H. L., Oakland.
Irving. W. G., Rlvexslde
Jacks, L. S., San Frandsco.
Jackson, B. If., San Frandsco.
Jacobs, Henry A., San Frandsco.
James, Frank, Los Angeles.
James, L. L. Jr., San Francisco.
Jameson, Max. D., Porterville.
Jennings, J. B., Modesto.
Jensen, Oonstan, Los Angeles.
Johnson, J. LeRoy, Stockton.
Johnson, Lincoln V., San Frandsco.
Jones, Qeorge L., Nevada City.
Jones, Geo. W., Fresno.
Jones, Herbert OL, San Jose.
Jones, Madison Ralph, San FranciKo.
Jones, Mattiflon B., Los Angeles.
Jordan, Thomas O., San Frandsca
Judkins, T. O., San Francisco.
Kadlets, Los Angeles.
Kapp, Geo. F., Long Beach.
Kaufman, Helen, San Frandsco.
Kauke, Frank, Fresno.
Kaye, W. W., Bakersfleld.
Keane, Augustin 0., Si^ Francisco.
Keeler, P. E., Long Beach.
Keesling, Francis V., San Frandsco.
Eehoe, William, San Frandsoo.
Kelly, James Raleigh, San Frandsco.
Kelso, Ivan, Los Angeles.
Kemp, John W., Los Angeles.
Kennedy, Lawrence S., Redding.
Kenney, Elizabeth L., Los Angeles.
Kerrigan, Fiwik H., San Frandsoo.
Keyes, Alexander D., San Frandsco.
Kidd, A. M., Berkeley.
Kimball, Rufus H., San Frandsco.
King, Percy S., Napa.
Kirfoy, Lewis, San Diego.
Kirk, Joseph, San Frandsca
Kirkbride, Charles N., San Mateo.
Knight, E. D., San Frandsca
Knight, Samuel, San Frandsca
Koford, Joseph S., Oakland.
Kollmyer, W. B., San Frandsco.
Lady, William Ellis, Los Angeles.
Lamson, J. S., San Francisco.
Langdon, W. H., San Frandsco.
Langhome, James P., San Frandsco.
Lansburgh, S. Laa, San Frandsoo.
Laughlin, Gail, San Frandsco.
Lawlor, William, San Frandsco.
LawsoD, Oord<», Los Angeles.
118
AMSaiOAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
Lee» Bradner W., Los Angeles.
Lee, Bradner Weill Jr., Los Angeles.
Lee, Kenyon Farrar, Los Angeles.
Leicester, J. F., San Francisco.
Leitoh, Miss Oonstanoe, Lm Angeles.
Lennon, Thos. J., San Francisco.
Levinsky, Arthur L., Stockton.
Lery, David L., San Francisco.
Levy, Lawrence L., San Francisco.
Lewis, John 11.^ San Francisco.
Libby, Warren E., San Diego.
Liechti, Arnold W., San Francisco.
Lillick, Ira S., San Francisca
Lindl^, Fred. E., San Diego.
Lindsay, Oarl, Fresno.
Lingenhelter, O. Homer, San Francisco.
Linney, H. H., San Francisco.
Loeb, Albert I., San Francisco.
Loeb, Joeeph P., Los Angeles.
Loewy, Walter, San Francisco.
Long, Perqy Y., San Francisco.
Lovell, Charles H., San Francisco.
Luce, Edgar A., San Di^o.
Lum, Burt F., San Francisco.
Lyders, E., San Francisco.
MacNeil, Sayre, Los Angeles.
McAuliife, F. K., San Francisco.
McCaughan, Geo. E., Long Beach.
McCaughey, J. W., San Francisco.
McCorkle, John ^., San Diego.
McCormick, Paul J., Los Angeles.
McCoy, A. M., Red BluiT.
McCutchen, Edward J., San Francisco.
McDaniel, Eugene P., Marysville.
McDill, George W., Los Angeles.
McEnerney, Garret W., San Francisco.
Mclnioeh, Miles W., San Francisco.
McKeon, Joseph B., San Francisco.
McKevitt, Hugh K., San Francisco.
McKinlQT, James W. Jr., Los Angeles.
McKinstry, J. C, San Francisco.
McLaughlin, C. £., Sacramento.
McNab, Gavin, San Francisco.
McNitt, Rollin L., Los Angeles.
McNoble, George F., Stockton.
McNuIty, Frederick, San Francisco.
McNutt, Maxwell, San Francisco.
McWhinney, C. C, Long Beach.
McWllliams, R. L., San Francisco.
Madison, Frank D., San Francisco.
Magee, E. DeLoe, San Francisco.
Maher, D. F., Watsonville.
Mahon, K. S., Tuba City.
Malcolm, Norman E., Palo Alto.
Mann, Seth, San Frandsoo.
Marrin, Paul S., San Francisco.
Marshall, Humphrey, Los Angeles.
Marshall, John W., San Francisco.
Martin, George Miner, Los Angeles.
May, Henry F., San Francisco.
May, Prof. Samuel C, University of Cat.
Mazuran, Marion J., San Francisco.
Metteer, 0. F., Sacramento.
Meyerstein, Joeeph O., San Francisco.
Michelson, Albert, San Francisco.
Miller, H. B. M., San Francisco.
Miller, J. Paul, San Francisca
Miller, John H., San Francisco.
Miller, K. A., Los Angeles.
Milverton, Frederick W., San Francisco.
Mirow, William G., San Diego.
Mitchell, Edward J., San Francisco.
Molkenbuhr, S. W., San Francisco.
Monroe, Charles, Los Angelesi
Monroe, Henry E., San Francisco.
Monteagle, Paige, San Francisco.
Moore, Stanley, San Francisco.
Moran, Edward F., San Francisco.
Moran, Nathan, San Francisco.
Morris, Chas. B., San Francisco.
Morris, Leon E., San Francisco.
Morrison, Fred W., Los Angelesw
Morrow, Wm. W., San Francisco.
Mossholder, W. J., San Diego.
Mott, John G., Los Angeles.
Moulthrop, J. R., San Francisco.
Mueller, Oscar O., Los Angeles. .^
Myers, I«ouis W., Los Angeles.
Nathan, Milton A., San Francisco.
Newby, Nathan, Los Angeles.
Newhouse, Hugo D., San Francisco.
Newmark, Milton, San Francisco.
Newlin, Gumey E., Loe Angeles.
Neylan, John Francis, San Francisco.
Noble, Col. Robert H., San Francisco.
North, H. H., Berkeley.
Oatman, O. H., San Ftancisco.
O'Brien, J., San Francisco.
O'Connor, J. Robert, Los Angeles.
Oddie, Clarence M., San Francisco.
O'Donnell, Joseph E., San Francisco.
O'Donncll, William T., Fairfield.
O'Duque, Gabriel, Los Angeles.
Oliver, Boyd, San Francisco.
Olney, Warren Jr., San Francisco.
O'Neil, R. K., San Jose.
Ong, Walter C, Pasadena.
Ombaun, Casper, San Francisco.
Otis, Edwin M., San Francisco.
Owens, Madison T., Whittier.
Pace, Troy, Los Angeles.
Page, Benjamin E., Los Angeles.
Pardee, J. A., Susanville.
Pardee, J. E., Susanville.
Parker, Robert S., Pasadena.
Parker, S. R., Bridgeport.
HBHBSRS AKD DELEGATES BE0I8TEEED.
119
Patton, OhM. L., San Francisco.
Pawlicki, T. E., San Francisco.
Peaira, H. A., Bakerafield.
Peart, Hartley F., San Francisco.
Pease, Robert IC., Los Angeles.
Peck, Charles IL, Oakland.
Peck, James Francis, San Francisco.
Perkins, Thomas A., San Francisco.
Peterson, Fred O., San Francisco.
Pelree, L. E., San Jose.
Pelzotto, Edgar D., San Francisco.
Phillips, ICisB Ester B., San Francisco.
Phleger, Herman B., San Francisco.
Plcard, Albert, San Francisco.
Pigott, John T., Sacramento.
Pillsbuiy, H. D., San Franditco.
Pillsbury, Warren H., San Francisco.
Plunmier, J. A., Stockton.
Plunkett, W. T., San Francisco.
Porter, Frank !£., Los Angeles.
Porter, Robert O., San Francisco.
Postel, Waldo F., San Francisco.
Potter, Charles F., Los Angeles.
Powell, W. K., San Francisco.
Pratt, Elinor D., San Francisco.
Pratt, 0. C, Jr., San Francisco.
Preston, H. L.; Ukiah.
Preston, John W., San Francisco.
Price. Frands, Santa Barbara.
Prlchard, George A., Los Angeles.
Prlngle, E. J., San Francisco.
Piye, Benjamin E., Los Angeles.
Pyle, E. C., Los Angeles.
Quina, James G., Oakland.
Ragbrnd, R. B., San Francisco.
RedingtOD, Arthur H., San Francisco.
Redman, L. A., San Francisco.
Rendoo, C. P., Stockton.
R^P7> Roy ^M I'M Ai^r^les.
Reslenre, J. F., San Francisco.
Retburg, Joseph D., San Francisco.
Reynolds, Howard W., Los Angeles.
Richards, David W., San Bernardino.
Richardson, Robert W., Lor .\nge1es.
Richter, Erwin E., San Francisco.
Rickard, James B., Santa Barbara.
Ridgway, Thos. C, Los Angeles.
Riggins, darenoe N., Napa.
Riley, Stanislaiw A., San Francisco.
Ring, William 0. Jr., Madera.
Rizford, E. H., San Francisco.
Rizford, Halsey L., San Francisco.
Robinson, E. C, Richmond.
Robinson, Elmer O., San Francisco.
Robinson, Thos. W., Los Angeles.
Roche, Theo. J., San Francisco.
Roefal, A. B., San Francisco.
Rogers, Merle J., Ventura.
Robe, CliiTord A., Los Angele&
Rose, Frederick J., Chioo.
Rose, Wm. F., San Francisco.
Rosendalc, Chas. R., Salinas.
Rosenfleld, Adolph B., Long Beach.
Rosenshlne, Albert Ai, San Francisco.
Ross, Hall O., Redwood City.
Ross, Lee T., Redwood City.
Rothchild, Walter, San Francisco.
Rowan, John M., BakersAeld.
Rowland, A. Lincoln, Pasadena.
Runham, Frank C, Pasadena.
Sample, E. P., San Diego.
Sampsell, Paul Warren, Los Angeles.
Samuels, Judge Oeoige, Oakland.
Samuels, Marcus Lome, San Francisco.
Sanderson, A. A., San Francisco.
Sapiro, Milton D., San Francisco.
Sargent, Geo. Clark, San Francisco.
Sawyer, Harold M., San Francisco.
Schauer, Fred H., Santa Barbara.
Schapiro, Esmond, San Francisco.
Schlesinger, Bert, San Francisco.
Schlesinger, Mrs. Amanda, San Francisco.
Schmulowitz, Nat, San Francisco.
Schunck, Dorothea, San Francisco.
Scott, James Walter, San Francisco.
Scott, Joseph, Los Angeles.
Scott, Russell, Salinas.
Scott, Thomas, BakersAeld.
Searls, Oarrdl, Nevada City.
Searls, Robert M., San Francisco.
Selby, John R., San Francisco.
Shapiro, Leo. H., San Francisco.
Sharpsteen, W. C, San Francisco.
Shaw, Arvin B. Jr., Los Angeles.
Shaw, A. E., San Francisco.
Shaw, Luden, San Francisco.
Shenk, John W., Los Angeles.
Shepherd, Howard T., Los Angeles.
Sherlock, Alva S., Concord.
Sherman, J. P., San Francisco.
Sherman, Roger, San Francisco.
Short, John Douglas, San Frandsco.
Shuey, darence A., San Frandsco.
Shurtleff, Charles A., San Frandsco.
Silva, Frank M., San Frandsco.
Sinclair, John A., San Frandsco.
Singer, W. Menzies, San Frandsco.
Silverstein, Bernard, Oakland.
Simmons, William M., San Frandsco.
Simons, Seward A., Los Ange.es.
Sinton, Edgar, San Frandsco.
Skaife, Alfred C, San Frandsco.
Skinner, Newton J., Lot Angdes.
Slack, Charles W., San Frandsco.
Slack, Walter, San Frandsco.
Slosaon, Leonard B., Los Angeles.
120
AMEiaOAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
8I08S, If. 0.» San Francisco.
Smith, De Lanccy O., San Franclaco.
Smith, Joel H., Selma.
Smith, Wilbur R. Jr., San Francisco.
Smith, Willard P., San Francisco.
Smith, William H. Jr., San Francisco.
Smith, Winfleld R., San Francisco.
Soto, R. IC. F., Sao Francisco.
Spence, Homer R., San Francisco.
Spriffff, Patterson, San Diego.
Squier, E. W., Santa Barbara.
St. Sure, A. F., Oakland.
Stammer, W. H., Fresno.
Stanwood, Edward B., Marysville.
Steinhart, Jesse H., San Francisco.
Stevens, Henry J., Los Angeles.
Stevens, Ifartin, San Francisco.
Stevens, Samuel S., San Francisco.
Stevick, Ouy LeRoy, San Francisco.
Stickney, J. K. Jr., Los Angeles.
Stickney, J. E. Jr.. San Diego.
Stidger, 0. P., San Francisco.
Stimson, Manball, Los Angeles.
Stone, Byron F. Jr., San Francisca
Stone, Leonard, Fort Bragg.
Stoney, Oaillard, San Francisco.
Stringham, Frank D., San Franciaca
Strong, Charles A., San Fraodsoo.
Strother, S. L., Fresno.
Stuart, Z. B., Los Angeles.
Sturtevant, Geo. A.| San Fnnciaoo.
Sullivan, Jeremiah F., San Francisco.
Sullivan, Matt I., San Francisco.
Susman, Leo. H., San Francisca
Sweet, Joe G., San Francisco.
Tapacott, Jaa. R., Treka.
Tasheira, Arthur O., Oakland.
Taylor, E. E., Pasadena.
Tharp, Lawrence, San Francisco.
Thelen, Max, San Francisco.
Theisen, S. Joseph, San Francisco.
Thomas, F. F. Jr., San Francisco.
Thomas, James M., San Francisco.
Thomas, William, San Francisco.
Thompson, Judge R. L., Santa Rosa.
Thorns, C. L., Los Angeles.
Ticknor, Harry M., Pasadena.
Tordiiana, H. van O., San Francisco.
Torregano, Ernest J., San Francisco.
Towne, Percy £., San Francisco.
Townsend, Chaa. E., San Francisco.
Treadwell, E. F., San Francisca
Treat, A. J., San Francisco.
Treraont, Edwin J., San Francisco.
Tribit, Ohas. H. Jr., Los Angeles.
Trowbridge, Delger, San Francisco.
Tupper, W. C, Frcana
Turrentine, Lw N.» Esoondido.
Tuttle, Obarles A., Fresno.
Tyler, 0. H., Long Beach.
Tyler, Mrs. Harriet P., San Francisco.
Tyler, John F., Hayward.
U'Ren, Milton T., San Francisco.
Valentine, L. H., Los Angeles.
Van Duyn, Owen K., San Francisco.
Van Dyke, B. P., Sacramento.
Van Fleet, Alan C, San Francisco.
Van Fleet, Ransom Oar^, San Francisco.
Van Yranken, Edward, Stockton.
Van Wyck, Sidney Millechen, & Frandsoo.
Van Wyck, Sidney M. Jr., San Francisco.
Variel, Robert H. F., Jr., Loa Angeles.
Varaum, George M., Berkeley.
Vaughn, Orville R., San Franciaoa
Waldo, George £., Pasadena.
Wallace, Bradley L., San Francisco.
Wallace, W. B., Visalia.
Wallace, Gerald B., Stodcton.
Walters, Byron J., San Diego.
Walters, R. T., Los Angeles.
Ward, Chandler P., Los Angeles.
Ward, Shirley C, Loa Angeles.
Warlow, Chester H., Fresno.
Waste, William H., Berkeley.
Watkinson, Cbas. E., Hanford.
Watson, W. W., San Francisco.
Watt, RoUa B., San Francisco.
Webb, Arthur C, Los Angeles.
Webb, Joseph J., San Francisco.
Wehe, Frank R., San Francisco.
Weil, A. L., San Frandsoo.
Weinberger, Herman, San Francisco.
Weinberger, Jacob, San Diego.
Welch, J. R., San Jose.
Westover, Myron, San Francisco.
Weyl, Bertin A., Loa Angeles.
Whalen, James D., San Frandsco.
Wheeler, Charles S., San Francisco.
White, Carlos G., Oakland.
White, Chas. W., San Francisco.
White, Earl D., Oakland.
White, Herbert E., Sacramento.
White, Thos. R., San Francisco.
White, William E., San Francisco.
Whiting, Randolph V., San Francisca
Whitson, Robert, San Francisca
Whittier, Clarke B., Stanford University.
Whittle, Albert L., Oakland.
Whittlesey, Geo. P., Pasadena.
Wiel, Samuel C. San Francisco.
Wilbur, Curtis D., San Frandsca
Wilcox, Edwin A., San Jose.
Williams, E. S., Los Angeles.
Williams, Eugene D., Los Angeles.
Willis, Frank R., Los Angeles.
Wilson, Edgar H., San Francisco.
ICBICBSBS AND DBLB0ATE8 BE0I8TEBED.
121
Wilson, Emmet H., Lob Angeles.
Wilson, John RAlph, San Franciaco.
Wilson, Mountford S., San Francisca
Wittschen, T. P., Oakland.
Wolfe, R. N., Pittsburg.
Wolff, Harry E., San Francisco.
Wood, Jdbn Perry, Pasadena.
Woten, John W., San Francisco.
Wretman, Niles E., San Joee.
Wright, Alfred, Loe Angeles.
Wright, Allen G., San Francisco.
Wright, Austin T., San Francisco.
Wright, Geo. T., San Francisco.
Wright, H. M., San Francisco.
Wright, Ralph H., Martinez.
Wrii^t, R. M., San Jose.
Wyckoff, H. O., Watsonville.
Yale, Un. Margaret D., Burbank.
York, Waldo M., Los Angeles.
Young, Lyndol L., Los Angeles.
Young, Milton K., Los Angeles.
CX)LORADO.
Allen, Geo. W., Denver.
Brock, Chas. R., Denver.
Oarr, Ralph, Antonito.
Dillon, William, Oastle Rock.
Ewing, John A., Denver.
Fry, John H., Denver.
Geijd>eek, J. B., Denver.
Goudy, F. B., Denver.
Hawley, Joseph W., Trinidad.
Button, William E., Denver.
Killian, James R., Denver.
Lathrop, Mary F., Denver.
O'Donnell, T. J., Denver.
Rothrock, James H., Colorado Springs.
Seeman, Bernard J., Denver.
OONNEOnCUT.
Avery, Christopher L., Groton.
Beers, George E., New Haven.
Brosmith, William, Hartford.
Day, Edward W., Hartford.
Peasley, Frederick M., Cheshire.
DELAWARE.
Laifey, J. P., Wilmington.
Marvel, Joeiah, Wilmington.
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.
Ash, Robert, Washington.
Brock, Charles E., Cleveland, O., ft Wash.
Butler, Cbas. Henry, Washington.
Byrne, John J., Washington.
Carpenter, W. Clayton, Washington.
Carusi, Charles P., Washington.
Oaton, Harry B., Washington.
Chamberlin, Justin Morrill, Washington.
Oompton, Wilson, Washington.
Ellis, Wade H., Washington.
Freeberg, Harriet, Washington.
Hagerman, James Jr., Washington.
King, George A., Wadiington.
Meyers, Ida M., Washington.
Peacock, Jam^ Craig, Washington.
Pike, Miss Katherine R., Washington.
Scott, James Brown, Washington.
Siddon, Fred. L., Washington.
Smith, J. N. O. Lewis, Washipgtoo.
Sullivan, William C, Washington.
Taliaferro, Sidney F., Washhigton.
Thurtell, Henry, Washington.
Tyler, Frederick S., Washington.
Weitzel, George T., Waahingt<m.
Willebrandt, Mabel Walker, Washhigton.
Williams, George Francis, Washington.
FLORIDA.
Ajctell, E. P., Jacksonville.
Bishop, Henry W., Eustioe.
Orichlow, W. B. Shelby, Br«ientawn.
Oibbs, George Cooper, Jacksonville.
Hampton, Hilton S., Tampa.
Hampton, W. W., Gainesville.
Hazard, Julian L., Tampa.
Hunter, Wm., Tampa.
Loftin, Scott M., Jadcsonville.
Price, Nuthell D., Miami.
Price, William H., Miami.
Warlar, Freitus, Orlando.
GEORGIA.
Gazan, Jacob, Savannah.
Gilbert, S. Price, Atlanta.
Oliver, Francis McDonald, Savannah.
Powell, Arthur Gray, Atlanta.
Sibley, John A., Atlanta.
Stephens, Alex W., Atlanta.
HAWAIIAN ISLANDS.
Ashford, Marguerite K., Honolulu.
Lymer, William B., Honolulu.
Marx, BenJ. L., Honolulu.
IDAHO.
Ailshie, James F., Coeur d' Alene.
Bothwell, James R., Twin Falls.
Hawley, James H., Boise.
Kruger, Gustave, Boise.
Martin, G. H., Sandpoint.
132
AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION.
ILUNOIS.
Barnett, O. B., Chicago.
Berger, Henry A., Chicago.
Bledsoe, S. T., Chicago.
Breckenridge, James J., Chicago.
Brown, Frederick A., Chicago.
Cameron, J<An IC, Chicago.
Carter, Orrin N., Chicago.
Colwell, Clyde C, Chicago.
Denning, COarence P., Chicago.
Early, A. D., Rockford.
Eastman, Alhert N., Chicago.
Elliott, John M., Peoria.
Fassett, Engene O., Chicago.
FoUansbee, Mitchell D., Chicago.
Fullerton, William D., Ottawa.
Goodwin, Clarence N., Chicago.
Barley, Herbert, Chicago.
Havard, O. H., Chicago.
Hay, Logan, Springfield.
Henry, Louis, Chicago.
Higbee, Harxy, Plttsfleld.
Hoag, Parker H., Chicago.
Howe, Thomas Francis, Chicago.
Hughes, John E., Chicago.
Kahn, Nat. M., Chicago.
King, Florence, Chicago.
Liss, Max. C, Chicago.
LisB, Rebecca WUlner, Chicago.
Liz. Mrs. C, Chicago.
MacChesney, Nathan William, Chicago.
MacLeiah, John E., Chicago.
Marshall, Thomas Lw, Chicago.
Massena, Roy, Chicago.
Maxwell, William W., Chicago.
McCormlck, Howard H., Chicago.
MacCracken, Wm. P. Jr., Chicago.
MoKnli^t, Richard, Chicago.
Montgomeiy, John R., Chicago.
Murray, Frank B., Chicago.
Page, Geo. T., Peoria.
Page, Gerald H., Peoria.
Pam, Hugo, Chicago.
Perel, Harxy Z., Chicago.
Richards, John T., Chicago.
Robinson, R. D., Galesburg.
Rogers, Edward S., Chicago.
Rubinkam, Nathaniel, Chicago.
Rummler, William R., Chicago.
Shabad, Henry M., Chicago.
Sherman, Roger, Chicago.
Stevens, George M., Chicago.
Thompson, Joseph J., Chicago.
Tolman, Edgar B., Chicago.
Van Natta, John E., Chicago.
Welch, Ninian H., Chicago.
Whitnel, L. 0., Bast 8t Louis.
Woodward, Frederic C, Chicago.
Zimmerman, E. A., WUmette.
INDIANA.
Carney, John Ralph, Vernon.
Davis, Paul G., Indianapolis.
Ewbank, Louis B., Indianapolis.
HeavillB, Roecoe A., Marion.
Kelley, William H., Richmond.
Eirkpatrick, Lex J., Eokomo.
McTuman, Clair, Indianapolis.
Martlndale, Charles, Indiam^olii.
Moores, Merrill, Indianapolis.
Ratclife, 0. B., Covington.
Rooker, William Velpeau, Indianapolis.
Sheridan, Harxy C, Frankfort.
Shirley, C. C, Indianapolis.
Simms, Dan. W., Lafayette.
Stevenson, Elmer E., Indianapolis.
IOWA.
Carr, E. M., Manchester.
Chamberlain, Wm., Cedar Rapids,
deary, T. P., Sioux City.
Devitt, James J., Oskaloosa.
Devitt, J. F., Muscatine.
Dutcher, Chas. M., Iowa City.
Forrest, Leland S., Des Moines.
Johnson, Elmer A., Cedar Rapids.
Macomber, Chas. S., Ida Grove.
Martin, Wesley, Webster City.
McCoy, Jotai N., Oskaloosa.
Miller, Jesse A., Des Moines.
Roddewig, Louis E., Davenport.
Sawyer, Haxen I., Keokuk.
Shull, D. C, Sioux City.
Wisdom, Frank, Bedford.
KANSAS.
Burch, R. A., Topeka.
Dawson, John S., Topeka.
Dean, John S., Topeka.
Drenning, Frank Q., Topeka.
Evans, Earle W., Wichita.
Ganse, Henry E., Emporia.
Houston, J. D., Wichita.
Keene, A. M., Fort Scott,
^ng, Chester I., Wichita.
Matson, Cliff. A., Wichita.
McAnany, Edwin S., Kansas City.
Osmond, Wm., Great Bend.
Pulsifer, Park, Concordia.
Smith, Chas. Blood, Topeka.
Smith, F. Dumont, Hutchinson.
Smith, William R., Topeka.
Williams, A. F., Topeka.
MBMBBBS AND DSLE0ATB8 REGISTERED.
188
KBNTUOKT.
BuUitt, Wm. llanhftll. LoultyiUe.
Doolan, J<rim d Loaisville.
Hunt, Geoig* R., Lexliigtoiu
Martin, Qtotge B., Cktlettilnirg.
Rutledse» Arthur Ifiddleton, LoQiavllle.
Walton, Matt S., Lexington.
LOmSIANA.
OroM, T. Jones, Baton Rouge.
Dart, Henry P., New Orleans.
De Lucas, Clarence, New Orleans.
Oeasner, Jes^y Benedict, New Orleans.
Gilmer, Quinaley, Shreveport.
Hart, W. 0., New Orleans.
Henry, Burt W., New Orleans.
Kammer, Alfred 0., New Orleans.
Lemann, Walter, DonaldsonvUle.
ProYosty, Oliver 0., New Orleans.
Rice, Frazer L., New Orleans.
Spearing, J. Zacfa., New Orleans.
Thornton, R. S., Alexandria.
Waguespack, W. J., New Orleans.
Young, W. W., New Orleans.
MAINE.
Hanaon, George M., Calais.
Reynolds, Edward C, Portland.
Ritchie, Arthur, Belfast.
MARYLAND.
Barton, Randolph, Jr., Baltimore.
Briacoc, John P., Prince Frederick.
Coshwa, G. F., Baltimore.
Gorter, James P., Baltimore.
Hlnkl^, John, Baltimore.
Kemp, W. Thomas, Baltimore.
Lamar, W. H., Rockrille.
Markell, Oiarlea, Baltimore.
Tiffany, Herbert T., Baltimore.
Tucker, John T., Baltimore.
Williams, Geo. Weema, Baltimore.
MASSACHUSETTS.
Anderson, George W., Boston.
Bufflngtoo, Harold S. R., Fall River.
Carroll, William J., Lowell.
Clapp, Robert P., Lexington.
Cook, Robert A. B., Boston.
HoIumb, Miai Sybil H., Boston.
Kingsley, Mn. Rose, Cambridge.
Lowell, John, Boston.
O'Connell, Joaeph F., Boston.
Smith, Reginald Heber, Boston.
Weiler, Harriet, Boston.
Williston, Samuel* Cambridge.
MIOHIGAK.
Ajgler, Ralph W., Ann Arixvr.
Atkinson, Frank W., Detroit.
Bates, Henry Moore, Ann Aibor.
Colgrove, P. T., Hastinga.
Corliss, John B., Detroit.
Hooper, Joaeph L., Battle Creek.
Hull, Oscar C, Detroit.
Millis^ Wade, Detroit
Nutten, Wesley L.» Detroit
Onen, Bernard J., Battle Creek.
Rossman, R. H., Jackson.
Whiting, Justin R., Jackson.
MINNESOTA.
Brown, Rome G., Minneapolis.
Bruce, Andrew A., Minneapolis.
Burr, Stiles W., St Paul.
Child, S. R., Minneapolis.
Cbristensen, Henry 0., Rochester.
Deutsch, Henry, Minneapolis.
Famham, Charles W., St Paul.
Graves, William G., St Paul.
Hilton, Clifford L., St Paul.
Junell, John, Minneapolis.
Kingsley, George A., Minneapolis.
Meighen, John F. D., Albert Lea.
Mitchell, Morris B., Minneapolis.
Paul, A. C.| Minneapolis.
Prendergast Edmund A., Minneapolis.
Randall, Henry E., St Paul.
Robertson, James, Minneapolis.
Sanborn, Bruce W., St Paul.
Severance, C. A., St Paul.
Shearer, James D., Minneapolis.
Turner, S. E., St Paul.
MISSISSIPPI.
Anderson, W. D., Jackson.
Hirsch, J. K., Yicksburg.
Sexton, J. S., Haielhurst
Watkins, W. H., Jackson.
MISSOURI.
Berth, Irvin Y., St Louis.
Boyle, Murat Kansas City.
Bush, Chas. M., Kansas City.
Claiborne, James R., St Louis.
Cloud, W. H., Kansaa City.
Harkless, Jas H., Kansaa City.
Holt William G., Kansaa City.
Langknecht Carl H., Kansas City.
McCune, H. Lw, Kansas City.
McQuillin, Eugene, St Louis.
Minnis, Jamea L., St Loula.
Painter, Earl H., St Loola.
Piatt, W. H. H., Kansaa City.
124
AMBBIOAK BAB ASSOOIATION.
Scarrett, A. D., KanMs Oity.
Scarritt, Wm. O., Kansu Oitj.
Sher, Louis R., St Louis.
Sturdevant, W. L., St. Louis.
Watson, I. N., Kansas Oity.
Wylder, L. Newton, Kansas Oitj.
MONTANA.
Pigott, William T., Helena.
Spaulding» 0. A., Helena.
Walsh, James A., Helena.
NEBRASKA.
Allen, W. J., Schuyler.
Blackburn, Thomas W., Omaha.
Brogan, Francis A., Omaha.
Hastings, W. O., Omaha.
Hobart, R. W., G«ring.
Kennedy, Howard, Omaha.
Letton, Obaa. B., Lincoln.
Loomls, N. H., Omaha.
MorrisBy, A. M., Lincoln.
Myers, Hugh A., Omaha.
Randall, Frank E., Omaha.
Randall, William L., Omaha.
Van Orsdel, R. A., Omaha.
Wells, Arthur R., Omaha.
NEVADA.
Averill, Mark R., Tonopah.
Ayres, Albuth, Reno.
Badt, Wilton B., Elko.
Brown, George S., Reno.
Brown, Hugh Henry, Tonopah.
Busteed, Richard, Las Yegu,
Campbell, Louis Q., Winnemucca.
Ohartz, Alfred Jean, Garson Oity.
Oheney, E. W., Rena
Coleman, BenJ. W., Carson City.
Cooke, H. R., Reno.
Dixon, J. B., Reno.
Ducker, Edw. A., Oamn Clly.
Edwards, H. W., Ely.
Farrington, E. S., Carson City.
Forman, Wm., Tonopsh.
Gardiner, W. M., Rena
Guild, Clark J., Terington.
Hawkins, Prince A., Reno.
Henderson, A. S., Las Vegas.
Henley, Benjamin J., Rena
Howard, Cole L., Reno.
Kearney, William M., Reno.
Kublinski, Otto George, Reno.
Lxmsford, E. F., Rena
Mashbum, Arthur Gray, Reno
McCarran, P. A., Reno.
McNamara, J. M., Blka
Montrose, Geo. A., Oardnenrille.
Moran, Tliomas F., Reno.
Norcross, Frank EL, Rtno.
Percy, Hugh, Rena
Pike, Le Ray F., Rena
PouJade, J., Carson Oity.
Price, Robert M., Reno.
Salisbury, S., Reno.
Sanders, J. A., Carson City.
Seeds, William P., Reno.
Short, Edward 0., Rena
Stoddard, Ray W., Rena
Summerfleld, Lester D., Reno.
Taber, E. J. L., Elko.
Talbot, George F., Elko.
Warren, Anna M., Rena
Williams, Eugene L., Reno.
Wilson, Wayne T., Reno.
Woodbum, Wm., Rena
Wright, Benson, Carson City.
NEW JERSEY.
Armstrong, E. A., Princeton.
Bamford, Walter, Patterson.
Dumont, Wayne, Patterson.
Richards, Samuel H., Camden.
Sackett, Clarence, Newark.
Skinner, Alfred F., Newark.
Starr, Lewis, Camden.
NEW MEXICO.
Backstrom, J. L., Santa Fe.
Bowman, Harry S., Santa Fe.
Cheetham, F. J., Taos.
Edwards, A. M., Santa Fe.
NEWTORK.
Alexander, Charles B., New York Oity.
Andrews, James D., New York City.
Bailly, Edward a. New York Oity.
Beattie, Chas. Maitland, New York Oily.
Bogert, George G., Ithaca.
Bond, George Hopkins, Syracuse.
Boston, Charles A., New York City.
Burlingham, Charles O., New York Oity.
Clocke, T. Emory, New York City.
Cohen, Julius Henry, New York Oity.
Davis, A. M., New York Oity.
Davis, John W., New York dty.
Gets, David B., Brooklyn.
Goldmsn, Samuel P., New York dty.
GrifRn, Charles L., New York Oity.
Griffin, William H., New York Oity.
Groasman, William, New York City.
Guernsey, Nathaniel T., New York Oity.
Guthrie, William D., New York City.
Hill, Henry W., BulTala
MEMBBBS AND DXLEGATBS BB0I8TERSD.
1»5
KeU7, Edward J., New York Oitj.
'KftlHj, Howard J., New York City.
Lawyer, Geoigie» Albai^.
Lewie, Ctaylon H., STTacoae.
Lyon, Fiances D., Albany.
ICcCoiUe, Walter L., New York City.
O'Qiady* Jamea IL E., Rochester.
Powell, Henry If., New York Oity.
Ransom, WOllam L., New York Olty.
Robinson, Watson B., New York Oity.
Rosenberg, Ely, New York Oity.
Schroebel, Jacob J., New York Oity.
Stewart, Robert, New York City.
Stier, Joseph F., New York Oity.
Tuft, Henry W., New York Oity.
Tarbell, Geo. S., Ithaca.
Terry, Charles Thaddeua, New York Oity.
Wadhama, Fred E., Albany.
Whitman, Oharles S., New York Oity-
Wickeiaham, George W., New York Oity.
Woloott, Frank T., New York.
NORTH CAROUNA.
Alexander, Hiss Julia If., Charlotte.
King, R. R., Jr., Greensboro.
Person, W. M., Louisbnrg.
Smith, R. L., Albemarle.
Thompson, Frank, Jacksonville.
NORTH DAKOTA.
Bangs, Geo. A., Grand Forks.
Bangs, Tracy R., Grand Forks.
Boehm, Paul W., Hettinger.
Bronson, Harrison A., Bismark.
Combs, Lee, YaBey City.
Ellsworth, 8. E., Jamestown.
OHIO.
Aloom, Albert D., Cincinnati.
Allread, James I., Oolumbus.
Ambler, Ralph 8., Canton.
Bennett, Smith W., Columbus.
Bmml, Fred E., Cleveland.
Clevenger, F. K., Wilmington.
Oonroy, 8. 8., Youngstown.
Craig, G. Ray, Norwalk.
Ounen, R. G.» Cleveland.
Druffel, John H., Cincinnati.
Dunlap, Thomas 8., Cleveland.
Ford, John W., Youngstown.
Garfield, John M., Cleveland.
Garry, Tbonaa H., Cleveland.
Goodman, Max P.. Cleveland.
Graves, William 0., Cleveland.
Hartley, U. J., Xenia.
Hoke, dem T., Van Wert.
Howland, Paul, Cleveland. m
Ifackensie, Ralph P., Lima.
Man, Judge Robert 8., Cincinnati.
Miller, Harry W., Portsmouth.
Murphy, Clarence, Hamilton.
Oakes, A. B., Cleveland.
Peacock, George C, Cincinnati.
Pogue, Province M., Cincinnati.
Pomerene, W. R., Columbus.
Powell, Albert E., Cleveland.
Runkle, Harry M., Columbus.
Scott, Frank C, Cleveland.
Thomas, J. R., Cleveland.
Throckmorton, A. H., Cleveland.
Vickeiy, Willis, Cleveland.
Whitacre, J. J., Canton.
OKLAHOMA.
Ames, C B., Oklahoma City.
Cheadle, John B., Norman.
Duncan, H. R., Pawhuska.
Hagan, Horace H., Tulsa.
Henry, H. D., Mangum.
Kulp, Victor H., Norman.
Slou^ B. B., Ardmore.
Spielman, Jacob R., Oklahoma City.
Wells, Frank, Oklahoma City.
m
OREGON.
Allen, Harrison, Portland.
Aaher, Abraham, Portland.
Back, Sdd J., Portland.
Bernstein, Alexander, Portland.
Bischoff, 8. J., Portland.
Botts, H. T., Tillamook.
Briggfl, Wm. M., Ashland.
Butt, Clarence^ Newberg.
Carey, Charles Henry, Portland.
Cochran, Charles E., Portland.
Coshow, 0. P., Roseburg.
Duncan, W. M., Klamath Falls.
Emmons, Arthur C, Portland.
Finn, C. H., La Grande.
Fitsgerald, J. J., Portland.
Gearin, John M., Portland.
Hale, William G., Eugene.
Immel, E. 0., Eugene.
Kerr, James B., Portland.
Laing, John A., Portland.
Lent, George P., Portland.
McCourt, John, Portland.
McOue, John C, Portland.
Miller, Justin, Eugene.
Montague, Richard W., Portland.
Montgomery, Hugh, Portland.
Moser, Gus C, Portland.
Pipes, Martin L., Portland.
Rand, John L., Portland.
126
AHERIOAN BAB ASSOOUTION.
Ridgway, Albtft B., PoitUnd.
Swagler, Ralph W., Ontario.
Teal, Joseph N., Portland.
Tucker, Robert, Portland.
PENNSTLYANIA.
Berkey, John Albert, Somerset.
Bomeman, Henry S., Philadelphia.
Breeden, Waldo Preston, Pittsburgh.
Crawford, Winfield W., Philadelphia.
Hannum, Howard E., Chester.
Hannum, John B., Jr., Chester.
Hargest, William M., Harrisburg.
Hart, Geo., Philadelphia.
Hazzard, Yemon, Monongahela.
Henderson, Joseph W., Philadelphia.
Holding, A. M., West Chester.
Merchant, Edward, Philadelphia.
Moorhead, F. O., Beaver.
Patterson, Marion D., HoUidaysburg.
Rawle, Francis, Philadelphia.
Roberts, C. Wilson, Philadelphia.
Shick, Robert P., Philadelphia.
Smith, Walter George, Philadelphia.
Sorber, Samuel R., Oreensburg.
Stem, A. C, Pittsburgh.
Whithead, H. W., WiUiamsport
Wright, J. MerriU, Pittsburgh.
PORTO RICO.
Wolf, Adolph G., San Juan.
RHODE ISLAND.
Jenckes, Thomas A., Proridence.
SOUTH CAROLINA.
Earle, Wilton H., Greenville.
Oibbes, Hunter A.. Columbia.
Gylea^ Herbert E., Aiken.
Huger, Alfred, Charleston.
Hyde, Simeon, Charleston.
Lumpkin, Alva M., Columbia.
Otts, Cornelius, Spartansburg.
Thomas, John P., Jr., Columbia.
Wolfe, Sam M., Columbia.
SOUTH DAKOTA.
Cherry, U. S. O., Sioux Falls.
Patterson, E. 0., Dallas.
Patterson, Mrs. E. 0., Dallas.
Telgen, Tore, Sioux Falls.
Voorhees, John H., Sioux Falls.
TENNESSEE.
Armstrong, Walter P., Memphis.
Jackson, R. F., Nashville.
Miles, Lovick P., Memphis.
Newman, Clair« B., Jackson.
Owen, William A., Covington.
Swaney, W. B., Chattanooga.
Trimble, James M., Chattanooga.
Turner, Judge W. B., Columbia.
Washington, W. H., Nashville.
Young, J. P., Memphia.
TEXAS.
Bonner, Wm. N., Wichita Falls.
Britain, A. H., Wichita Falls.
Bromberg, Henri Louie, Dallas.
Brown, Yolney M.. El Paso.
Burford, Jos. M., Mount Pleasant.
Burges, William H., El Paso.
Carrigan, A. H., Wichita Falls.
Cooke, Clay, Fort Worth.
Crook, W. M., Beaumont.
Croom, a W., El Paso.
Frank, D. A., Dallas.
Franklin, Thos. H., San Antonio.
Graves, Ireland, Austin.
Lawther, Harry P., Dallas.
Mays, Richard, Corslcana.
Newman, F. M., Brady.
Saner, Robert E. L., Dallas.
Shurter, E. D., Austin.
Smith, W. D., Fort Worth.
Smith, W. R., El Pasow
Street, Robert G., Galveston.
Stuart, R. T., Dallas.
Todd, Chas. S., Texarkana.
Werlein, Ewing, Houston.
Wright, W. A, San Angela
UTAH.
Bagley, Emmett, M., Salt Lake City.
CheK, Joseph, Ogden.
Cluif, Harvey H., Salt Lake City.
DeYine, J. H., Ogden.
Evans, Jos. B., Ogden.
Hollingsworth, Chas. R., Ogden.
Jenson, David, Ogden.
Kimball, James N., Ogden.
Lee, E. 0., Salt Lake City.
MacLane, John F., Salt Lake City.
Nibley, Joel, Salt Lake City.
Porter, Robt. B., Salt Lake City.
Richards, Frank S., Salt Lake City.
Richards, Franklin S., Salt Lake City.
Richards, Stephen L., Salt Lake City.
Rydalch, William E., Salt Lake City.
Schulder, Russell O., Salt Lake City.
Shields, Dan B., Salt Lake Oity.
Smith, Geo. H., Salt Lake City,
surfer, W. I., Salt Lake Oity.
MEMBERS AND DELEGATES BEGISTERED.
127
Stephena, Huold M., Salt Lake Oitj,
Wolfe, Jamea H., Salt Lake Oity.
TERMONT.
Hogan, Geo. M., St. Albans.
Button, Oharlea I., Middlebuiy.
Powers George 11., MonrlsTllle.
Tonng, Geo. B., Montpelier.
VIRGINIA.
Beaman, Robert P., Norfolk.
Blair, D. M., Rldunond.
Bowe, Stuart, Rldunond.
Oaton, Jamea R., Alexandria.
Chichester, O. M., Richmond.
Groner, D. Lawrence, Norfolk.
Lea, John P., Richmond.
Hassle, Eugene 0., Ridunood.
Peyton, Robert E., Jr., Richmond.
Prsntfa, Robert R., Suffolk.
Rawley, J. Kent, Richmond.
Shelton, Thomas W., Norfolk.
Williams, E. Randolph, Richmond.
Wllliama, Z. Randolph, Richmond.
WASHINGTON.
Bates, Charles O., Taooma.
Heeler, Adam, Seattle.
Bogle, Lawrence, Seattle.
Bridges, J. B., Olympia.
Bruener, Theodore B., Aberdeen.
Ohadwick, S. J., Seattte.
Coleman, J. A., Everett
Davis, Arthur W., Spokane.
Delle, Lee O., Takima.
Dore, John F., Seattle.'
Douglaa, Ma1<M>lm, Seattle.
Gordon, J. H., Taeema.
Oose, M. F., Oljmpia.
Grady, Thomas E., Takima.
Haight, James A., Seattle.
Hamblen, L. R., Spokane.
Herald, Emcat B., Seattle.
Herr, WiUis B., SeatUe.
Kiier, B. H., Spokane.
Levine, Benjamin M., Seattle.
Lindsley, Joseph B., Spokane^
McLaren, W. G., Seattle.
McWilliams, H. L. M., Spokane.
Hetsenbaum, Walter, Seattle.
Ifonten, William A., Spokane.
Muzphy, John F., Seattle.
Nuzum, Richard W., Spokane.
Peterson, Charles T., Tacoma.
Post, Frank T., Spokane.
Pummens, George H., Seattle.
Remington, Arthur, Tacoma.
Ridiards, N. C, Takima.
Rowland, Diz H., Taooma.
Rupp, Otto B., Seattle.
Shepard, Charles B., Seattle.
Spirk, Charlce A., Seattle.
SuUiTan, John J., Seattle.
Thompson, L. L., Olympia.
Thorgrlmson, 0. B., Seattle.
Tolman, Warren W., Olympia.
Tyler, Albert W., Olympia.
WEST VIRGINIA.
Lynch, Charles W., Clarluburg.
Madden, Joseph Warren, Morgantown.
Prerton, John J. D., Charleston.
Smith, Harvey F., Clarksburg-
Yandervort, James W., Parkersburg.
WISCONSIN.
Frame, H. J., Waukesha.
Hudnall, George B., Milwaukee.
Lecher, Louis A., Milwaukee.
McConnell, John E., La Crosse.
Owen, W. 0.« Madison.
Sanborn, John B., Madison.
Shea, William F., Ashland.
Schoets, Max, Jr., Milwaukee.
Thompson, William D., Racine.
WYOMING.
Corthell, N. E., Laramie.
Kinkead, W. C, Cheyenne.
Matson, Roderldc N., Chsyenne.
Total number registered, 1447.
ANNUAL DINNER
The annual dinner was held on Friday evening, August 11,
1922, at the Palace Hotel, San Francisco, California. President
Cordenio A. Severance presided.
The speakers were :
Beverly L. Hodghead, of San Francisco.
Et. Hon. Lord Shaw, of Dunfermline.
M, Henry Aubepin, of Paris.
John B. M. Baxter, K. C. M. P., of St. John, N. B.
John W. Davis, of N"ew York.
Senator Cornelius Cole, of Los Angeles.
The Chief Justice of the United States.
There were 1030, members and guests in attendance at the
dinner.
(128)
LIST OF PRESIDENTS
1. 1878-70-* Jamis O. Bboadhkad ^ St. Louis, MiflBoun.
2. 1879-80-*Bbnjamik H. Bbistow New York, New Yoik.
3. 188Q-^1-*£dward J. Philpb Burlington, Vermont.
4. 1881-82-*Clark80N N. Pottsb ' New York, New York.
5. 1882-^83-* Albxandbb R. Lawton Savannah. Georgia.
6. 1883-^4-*Ck)BTLAN]yT Pabxsb Newark, New Jersey.
7. 1884-85-* John W. Stivbnson Covington, Kentucky.
8. 1885-86-*WiLLiAM Alubn Butlib New York, New York.
0. 1886-87-*Thoma8 J. Sbmmbs New Orleans, Louisiana.
10. 1887-^88-*Gk>bgb G. Wbiqht Des Moines, Iowa.
11. 188S-80-*David DuDunr Fikld New York. New York.
12. 1880-00-*HxNBT HiTCHOOCK St. Louis, Missouri.
13. 1800-01- SiMsoN £. Baldwin New Havexi. Connecticut.
14. 1801-02-*JoHN F. Dillon New York, New York.
15. 1802-03-* John Randolph Tucxeb Lexington, Vir^nia.
16. 180^04-*TBOMAa M. Coolbt' Ann Arbor, Michigan.
17. 1804-05-*Jami8 C. Cartib New York. New York.
18. 1805-06- MooBnBU) Stobet Boston, Masmchusetts.
10. 1806-07-*Jamb8 M. Woolwobth Omaha, Nebraska.
20. 1807-08-*Willum Wirt Bows New Orleans. Louisiana.
21. 1808-00-* JosiPH H. Choatb * New York, New York,
22. 1800-1000-*Chablb8 F. Mandbbson Omaha, Nebraska.
23. 1000-1001-*Edmund Wbtmobb New York. New York.
24. 1001-1002-*U. M. RosB Little Rock, Arkansas.
25. 1002-1003- FsANas Rawli Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
26. 1003-1004-* James Hagbbman St. Louis, Missouri.
27. 1004-1005- Hbnbt St. Gborgb Tuckeb. . Lexington, Virginia.
28. 1005-1006- Gbobgb^ R. Pbck Chicago, Illinois.
20. 1006-1008- Alton B.Pabkeb New Yoric, New York.
30. 1007-1008- J. M. Dickinson Chicago, Illinois.
31. 1008-1000- Fbedebick W. Lbhmann. . . . St. Louis, Missouri.
32. 1000-1010-*Chablb8 F. Libbt Portland, Maine.
33. IOIO-IOH-^Edoab H. Fabbab New Orleans, Louisiana.
34. 1011-1012-*Stbphbn S. Gbbqobt Chicago, Illinois.
35. 1012-lOia- Fbank B. Kellogq St. Paul, Minnesota.
36. 1013-1014- WiujAM H. Tatt New Haven, Connecticut.
37. 1014-1015- Petbb W. Meldbim Savannah, Georgia.
38. 1015-1016- Elihu Root New York, New York.
30. 1016-1017- Gbobge Suthebland Salt Lake City, Utah.
40. 1017-101&- Waltbb Gboroe Smith Philadelphia, PennQrlvania.
41. 1018-1010- Geobgb T. Page Peoria, Illinois.
42. 1010-1020- Hampton L. Cabson Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
43. 1020-1021-*WiLUAM A. Blount * Pensacola, Florida.
44. 1021-1022- CoBDBNio A. Sbvebange St. Paul, Minnesota.
46. 1022-1023- John W. Davib New York, New York.
'Deceased.
*At the Oonference for organftdng the AHodatlon In 1878* John H. B. Letrobe, of
lUryland, wu elected Temponnr Gbainoan, and when the organisation was oompleted,
Benjamin H. Bristow. of Kentocsy, was elected President of the Conference.
* In oonseqnenoe of the death of Olarkson N. Potter, Francis Keman, of New York,
presided and preiwred and delirered the President's Address in 1882.
* In consequence of the illness of Thomas M. Cfoolcj, Samnel F. Hnnt, of Ohio, presided
and read the President's Address prepared hj Juajge Ooolqr in 18M.
*In consequence of the absence of Joseph H. Ohoate, as Ambaasador to Ortat Britain,
Oharles F. llandemn, of Nebra^, presided and prepared and delivered tlie President's
Address in 18B0.
* In conseqnence of the death on June 16, 1021, of William A. Blonnt the Ezecotive
Committee elected the last retiring President, Hamnton L. Carson, as Actinic President
nntil the next annual meeting. James M. Beck, of New York, prepared snd read the
President's Address in 1921.
(120)
LIST OF SECRETARIES
1. 187^03-*Edwabd Otis Hinxlit ^ Baltimore, Maryland.
2. 1803-190&- John Hinklbt ' Baltimore, Maiyland.
3. 190&-1020-*Gbobqb Whitblock Baltimore, Maryland.
4. 102O- W. Thomas Ebmp* Baltimore, Maryland.
LIST OF ASSISTANT SECRETARIES
1. 1909-1910- Albbbt C. RrrcHiB* Bakimc^e, Maryland.
2. 1910-1920- W. Thomas Ebmp Baltimore, Maryland.
3. 1913-1920- Gatlobd Leb Clark Baltimore, Maryland.
LIST OF TREASURERS
1. 1878-1902- FbANCiB Rawlk Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
2. 1902- Fbbdbsick E. Wadhams Albany, New York.
•
Deceued.
^ In X878, Francii IUwl«, of Pennqylyania, and Imac OnuBt Tliompion, of New York,
acted aa temporarT 8«cretariei and aa Secretaries of the Oonference.
In 1880, Edward Otia Hinklej being abeent, Walter Qeorse Smitli, off PennorlranJa.
acted aa SeoreCaiy pro tampon.
>Ib 1808» John HinUej bdnf abaent, George P. Wanty, of Michigan, acted mm
Secretary pro tempore.
* In Januaij, IKO, George Whitelock haying died, the Executive Oemmittee appointed
W. ThoBM Senp to fill the vacancy until the Annual Meeting when the AModation
elected Mm Secretary.
^ In 1909 by Tirtue of amendment to Oonetitution, the Ezecatiye Oommittct elected an
Afllrtant Secretary.
(ISO)
LIST OF EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
1. 1878-87-*LuKB P. Poland 8t. JohDrf>uiy, Vermont.
2. 1879-^8- SiMioN £. Baldwin^ New Haven. Connecticut
3. 1878-Sa-*WiLLiAM A. FiaHBB Baltimore, Maryland.
4. 1880^85-*WiLLiAM Allbn BxjTLEa New York. New York.
6. 188&-90-*Chablb8 C. Bonnet ' Chicago, iJlinoia.
6. 1887-96-*G«OBaB A. Mbbgbr Savannah, Geoi^a.
7. 188S-Q0-*JoHN Randolph Tugkd Lexington, Virginia.
8. 1800-01-*WiLLLiM P. Wills Detrmt, Michigan.
9. 1890-0^ Altobd Himbnwat Boston, Maancnusetts.
10. 1891-05-*Bbadlbt G. Sghlbt Milwaukee. Wisconsin.
11. 1805-09- Chablbb Claflin Allbn St. Louis, AiisBOuri.
12. 189fr-07-*WiLLUM WiBT HowB New Orleans, Louisiana.
13. 1897- " - - — -
14. 1809-
15. 1899-
16. 1899-
17. 1809-
18. 1900-
19. 1900-
20. 1901-
21. 1902-
22. 1902-
23. 1903-
24. 1903-
25. 1903-
26. 1905-
27. 1905-
28. 190&-
29. 1906-
30. 1906-
31. 1908-
32. 1908-
33. 1909-
34. 1909-
35. 1909-
36. 1911-
37. 1911-
38. 1912-
39. 1912-
40. 1912-
41. 1913-
42. 19ia-
43. 1914-
44. 1914-
45. 1914-
46. 191&-
900- Chablbb Noblb Gbbgobt. . . . Washington. D. C.
900-*Edmund Wbtmobb New Yoik. Kew York.
901-*U. M. RoBB Little Rock, Arkansas.
902- WnjJAM A. Kbtchai£ IncHanapolis, Indiana.
902- Hbnbt Br, Gbobob Tuckbb. . Lexington, Virginia.
903- Rqdnbt a. Mbbcub Towanda, Pennsylvania.
903-*Chablb8 F. Libbt Portland, Maine.
903-*Jambs Haobbman St. Louis, Missouri.
905- P. W. Mbldbim Savannah, Qeoivia.
905- Plait Rogbbb Denver, Coloradfo.
906- M. F. Dickinson Boston. Masmchusetts.
906- Thbodobb S. Gabnbtt Norfolk, Virnnia.
906- WiLLUM P. Bbebn Fort Wayne, Indiana.
908- Chablbb Monbob Los Angeles, California.
908-*Ralph W. BBBCXBNBiDaB. . . . Omaha, Nebraska.
909-*Chablbs F. Libbt Portland, Maine.
909- Waltbb Gbobob Smith Philadelphia, Pennaylvania
909- RoMB G. Bbown Minneapolis, Minnesota.
911- William O. Habt New Orleans, Louisiana.
911- Chablbs Hbnbt Butlib New York, New York.
912- John Hinklbt Baltimore, Morvland.
912-*Ralph W. BsBCKBNBiDaB. . . . Omaha, IS(ebrR«ka.
912- Ltnn Hblm Los Angeles, California.
914- HoLLis R. Bailet Boston, MasBacllusetts.
914-* Alois B. Bbowitb Washington, D. C.
916- William H. Bubgbs El Paso, Texas.
915- John H. Voobhbbs Sioux Falls, South Dakota.
916- William H. Staazs Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
,914-*Albbbt W. Biogs ' Memphis, Tennessee.
916-* William C. Niblack Chicago, Illinois.
917- Sbldbn p. Spbncbb St. Louis, Missouri.
917- William P. Btnum Greensboro, North Carolina.
917- Chapin Bbown Washington, D. C.
918- Chabubs N. Potteb Cheyenne, Wyoming.
* In 1888, at the flnt meetiiur of the EzaeatiTe Oommittee after the a^Joummeiit of the
AModatioo, Slmeoii E. Bald^dn reigned, and Oharlea 0. Boonej waa choien to lUl the
Taeancj under Qr-Law X.
^ In leiS, by virtue of amendment to Oonatltutlon, the nmnber of eleetiTe mcBBbeia of
Bzecotive Oommittee waa Increaaed from fire to eeren.
(131)
132 AMERIOAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
47. 1915-191&- John Lowbll Boston, MaaBachusetts.
48. 1915-1918- Charles Blood Smith Topeka, Kansas.
49. 1916-1919- Ashley Cockrill ' Little Rock, Arkansas.
50. 1916-1917- Waltbr George Smith Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
51. 1917-1918- George T. Page Peoria, Illinois.
52. 1917-1920- T. A. Hammond Atlanta. Georjcia.
53. 1917-1920- U. S. Q. Cherry Sioux Falls, South Dakota.
54. 1917-1920- Charles Thadoeus Terry. . . New York, New York.
55. 1917-1920- RoBEST E. L. Saner* Dallas, Texas.
56. 191^1921- Edmund F. Trabue Louisville, Kentucky.
57. 1918-1921- Thomas H. Reynolds Kansas City, Missouri.
58. 1918-1921- George B. Young Montpelier, Vermont.
59. 1918-1921- Paul Howland Cleveland. Ohio.
60. 1919-1922- Thomas C. McClellan Montgomery, Alabama.
61. 1920- Hugh H. Brown Tonopah, Nevada.
62. 1920- John B. Corliss Detroit, Michigan.
63. 1920- John T. Richards Chicago, Illinois.
64. 1920- W. O. Hart* New Orleans, Louisiana.
65. 1921- Thomas W. Blackburn Omaha, Nebraska.
66. 1921- Wiluam Brosmith Hartford, Connecticut.
67. 1921- S. E. Ellsworth Jamestown, North Dakota.
68. 1921- Thomas W. Shblton Norfolk, Virginia.
69. 1922- A. T. Stovall Okolona, Mississippi.
•
'Deceased.
■ In 1916, by virtue of amendment to Constitution, the number of elective members of
Executive Oommittee was increased from seven to elftht. ^ ^
«ln 1016, by virUe of amendment to Constitution, the Chairman of the Qeneral
Council was made an m officio member of the Executive Committee.
LIST OF PLACES' OF MEETING AND ATTENDANCE
Meeting. Year
1....1878.
2.... 1879.
3.. ..1880.
4.... 1881.
5.... 1882.
6.... 1883.
7. • . ■ lao4.
8.. ..1885.
o. . . . looD.
10.... 1887.
11. ...1888.
12.... 1880.
lu. ... lovU.
14.... 1891.
15.... 1892.
16.. . .1893.
If.... lolfs.
lo. ... looD.
19.... 1896.
20.. ..1897.
21.... 1898.
£i» . . . lo9<7.
23. ...1900.
24.. ..1901.
25.. ..1902.
26.... 1903.
£t m ... IVIn.
28.... 1905.
^9. ... IVUO.
oO. ... 1907.
31.... 1908.
«S2. ... 1909.
33.... 1910.
34.... 1911.
' 35.... 1912.
. vD. ... 191o.
37.... 1914.
38.... 1915.
39 1916.
40. ...1917.
41.... 1918.
42.... 1919.
43.... 1920.
44. ...1921.
45.... 1922.
Date.
.Aug. 21, 22
.Aug. 20, 21
.Aug. 18, 19, 20
.Aug. 17, 18,19
.Aug. 8, 9, 10, 11
.Aug. 22, 23, 24
.Aug. 20, 21, 22
.Aug. 19,20,21
.Aug. 18, 19, 20
.Aug. 17, 18,19
.Aug. 15,16,17
.Aug. 28, 29, 30
.Aug. 20, 21, 22
Aug. 26, 27, 28
.Aug. 24, 25, 26
.Aug. 30, 31, Sept. 1...
.Aug. 22, 23, 24
.Aug. 27, 28, 29, 30
.Aug. 19,20,21
.Aug. 26, 26, 27
.Aug. 17, 18, 19
.Aug. 28, 29, 30
.Aug. 29, 30,31
.Aug. 21, 22, 23
.Aug. 27, 28, 29
.Aug. 26, 27, 28
.Sept. 26,27,28
.Aug. 23, 24, 25
.Aug. 29, 30, 31
.Aug. 26, 27, 28
.Aug. 25, 26, 27, 28
.Aug. 24, 25, 26, 27
.Aug. 30, 31, Sept. 1...
.Aug. 29, 30, 31
.Aug. 27, 28, 29
.Sept. 1, 2, 3
.Oct. 20, 21,22
.Aug. 17, 18, 19
.Aug. 30, 31, Sept. 1...
.Sept. 4, 5 6
.Aug. 28, 29, 30
.Sept. 3, 4, 5
.Aug. 25, 26, 27
.Auk. 31. Sept. 1,2
.Aug. 9, 10, 11
Place.
Attendance.
Saratoga Springs, N. Y 75
Saratoga Springs, N. Y. . . . (m iMwd)
Saratoga Springs, N. Y 97
Saratoga Springs, N. Y 124
Saratoga Springs, N. Y 107
Saratoga Springs, N. Y 120
Saratoga Springs, K. Y 108
Saratoga Springs, N. Y 124
Saratoga Springs, N. Y 137
Saratoga Springs, K. Y 149
Saratoga Springs, N. Y 121
Chicago, Dl 158
Saratoga Springs, N. Y 132
Boston, Mass 292
Saratoga Sprinfps, N. Y 143
Milwaukee, Wis 130
Saratoga Springs, N. Y 140
Detroit, Mich 199
Saratoga Springs, N. Y 276
Cleveland, Ohio 184
Saratoga Springs, N. Y 227
Buffalo, N.Y 227
Saratoga Springs, N. Y 230
Denver, Colo 306
Saratoga Springs, N.^Y 230
Hot Springs, Va 250
St. Louis, Mo 451
Narragansett Pier, R. 1 277
St. Paul, Minn 369
Portland, Maine 402
Seattle, Washington 312
Detroit, Michifsan 389
Chattanooga, Tennesee 324
Boston, Mass 625
Milwaukee, Wis 558
Montreal, Canada 1023
Washington, D. C 1184
Salt Lake City, Utah 531
Chicago, III 943
Saratoga Springs, N. Y 598
Cleveland, Ohio 604
Boston, Mass 871
St. Louis, Mo 727
Cincinnnti. Ohio 1206
San Francisco, Cal 1447
(133)
CONSTITUTION AND BY-LAWS
CONSTITUTION
Artiolb I.
NAKB AND OBJBCT.
This Association shall be known as ^'Thb Akericak Bab
Association/' Its object shall be to advance the science of
jurispmdence, promote the administration of justice and uni-
formity of legislation and of judicial decision throughout the
Nation^ uphold the honor of the profession of the law, and en-
courage cordial intercourse among the members of the Americar
Bar.
Abholb II.
* QUALIFI0ATI0N8 FOB KBKBBB8HIP.
Any person, on nomination in accordance with the proyisions
of Article III, shall be eligible to membership in this Associa-
tion who shall be, and shall have been for three years next
preceding nomination, a member in good standing of the Bar
of any state.
Abticlb III.
BLBOTION OF KBHBBBB.
(a) Nominations for membership shall be made by a majority
of the Local Council of the state to the Bar of which the persons
nominated belong, and must be transmitted in writing to the
Chairman of the General Council, and approved by the Council
on vote by ballot, except as provided in sub-division (d) hereof.
(b) The General Council may also nominate members from
states having no Local Council, and at the annual meeting of the
Association may nominate members from any state of which
* Adopted September 5, 1919.
(134)
00N8TIXUTI0N. 186
a majority of the members of the Local Coimdl are not then
in attendance; but no such nomination shall be made or con-
sidered by the General Council, unless supported by a statement
in writing of at least three members of the Association from
the same state with the person nominated, or in the absence
of three such members, then by three members from a neigh-
boring state or states, to the efEeet that the person nominated
has the qualifications required by the Constitotion and desires
to become a member of the Association, and that his admission
as a member is recommended by the signers of the statement.
(c) All nominations thus msde shall be reported by the Coun-
cil to the Association for its action. The vote shall be taken
viva voce, unless any member demand a vote by ballot upon any
name thus reported, in which case the Association shaU yote
thereon by ballot. Five negatiye Yotes shall prevent an election.
(d) During the period between annual meetings, members
may be elected by the Executive Committee upon the written
nomination of a majority of the Local Council of any state.
One negative vote in the Executive Committee shall prevent an
election.
(e) Persons of distinction who are members of the Bar of
another country but not members of the Bar of any state
of the United States, may, without formal nomination or cer-
tification, be elected by the Executive Committee to be honorary
members of the Association. Honorary members shall be entitled
to the privileges of the fioor during meetings, but shall not be
entitled to vote, and they shall pay no dues.
AanoLB rv.
OPFIOflBS, OOMlOmDn AKD 810TI0NB.
The following ofiicers shall be elected at each annual meet-
ing for the year ensuing:
A President;
A Vice-President from each state;
A Secretary;
A Treasurer;
A General Council, consisting of one member from each
state.
136 AMERICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
The same person shall not be elected President in two sucoeG-
sive years.
The General Council shall be a Committee on Nominations
for office and shall elect its Chairman annoallyy but ths
same person shall not be elected Chairman more than
three successive years.
There shall be an Executive Committee^ which shall con-
sist of the President^ the last retiring President, the Chairman of
the General Council^ the Secretary and the Treasurer, all of
whom shall be members ez-officio, together with eight other
members to be elected by the Association upon nomination by
the General Council, but no member shall be elected more than
three years in succession. The President, and in his absence the
former President, shall be Chairman of the committee.
The Executive Committee shall have full power and authority,
in the interval between meetings of the Association, to do all
acts and perform all functions which the Association itself might
do or perform, except that it shall have no power to amend the
Constitution or By-Laws.
There shall be one or more Assistant Secretaries, who shall be
elected by the Executive Committee, and shall hold office at the
pleasure of that committee.
The following committees shall be appointed annually by the
President for the year ensuing, each to consist of five members,
unless otherwise specifically indicated herein :
On Commerce, Trade and Commercial Law ;
On International Law;
On Insurance Law;
On Jurisprudence and Law Beform, to consist of 15 members ;
On Professional Ethics and Grievances;
On Admiralty and Maritime Law ;
On Publicity;
On Publications ;
On Noteworthy Changes in Statute Law ;
On Legal Aid Work ;
On Membership, to consist of such number as the President
may appoint; and
On Memorials, of which the Secretary shall be the Chairman.
CONSTITUTION. 1S7
The Chairman of each Section of the Association, and the Presi-
dent of the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform
State Laws, shall each be deemed a committee of one, and each
shall report the work of his Section or Conference and present its
recommendations for action by the Association.
A majority of the meimbers of any committee, including the
General Council, present at any meeting shall constitute a
quorum.
The Vice-President for each state and four other members
from such state to be annually elected, shall constitute a Local
Council for such state. The Vice-President shall be ez-olBScio
Chairman thereof. It shall be the duty of the Vice-President
from each state to report the deaths of members within the
same to the Committee on Memorials.
The members of the General Council and the members of the
Local Council in each state shall constitute a committee for their
state to further the interests and opinions of the American Bar
Association in such manner and in such ways as shall be sug-
gested by the Executive Committee.
There shall be the following Sections of the Association :
Section of Legal Education and Admissions to the Bar ;
Section of Patent, Trade-Mark and Copyright Law ;
Judicial Section ;
Comparative Law Bureau ;
Section of Public Utility Law ;
Section of Criminal Law and Criminology ;
Conference of Bar Association Delegates; and such other
Sections as may from time to time be authorized by the Associa-
tion upon the recommendation of the Executive Committee
thereof.
Each Section shall have a Chairman, Vice-Chairman, Secre-
tary, Treasurer, and a Council which shall consist of eight mem-
bers elected by the Section. Each Section shall have power to
adopt By-Laws for the regulation of its functions, not inconsis-
tent with the Constitution and By-Laws of the Association,
and subject to the approval of the Executive Committee of
the Association. The Council of each Section shall be known
and designated as '^ The Council of the American Bar Associa-
tion'' on the particular subject which characterizes the work of
138 AMERICAN BAB A8SO0UTION.
tile Seotion^ as, for example^ the Council of the Section of Legal
Education and Admissions to the Bar shall be known as '^ The
Council of the American Bar Association on Legal Education and
Admissions to the Bar.*' Qualifications for membership in anj
Section may be determined by the Section itself and shall be
defined in its own By-Laws, provided that action taken by a
Section must be approved by the Association before the same
shall become e£Fective.
Abtiolb V.
BT-LAWS.
By-laws may be adopted, amended, or rescinded at any meet-
ing of the Association by a vote of three-fourths of the mem-
bers present at any session of such annual meeting, provided
there be not less than two hundred members present at such
annual meeting, and provided further that notice shall have been
given by the Secretary to the members of the Association either
by mail or by publication in the Journal at least thirty Aays
before the meeting at which action is taken.
Artiolb YI.
DUBS.
Bach member shall pay $6.00 to the Treasurer annually, which
sum shall include dues and the cost of subscription to the
Ambbioan Bar Assooiation Journal, which to members is
$1.60 per year. All other publications of the Association shall
be free of charge to the members. No person shall be in good
standing or qualified to exercise any privilege of membership
who is in default. The Executive Committee, in its discretion,
may remit the dues of any member under special circumstances.
Artiolb VII.
PBBSIDENT'S ADDBB88.
At each annual meeting of the Association, the President
shall deliver an address upon such topics as he may select with
the approval of the Executive Committee.
OONSTITUTION. 139
Abticlb VIII,
ANNUAL KKBTING8.
The Association shall meet annually at such time and place
as the Executive Committee may select^ and those present at
any session of any meeting shall constitute a quorum, except as
proYided in Articles Y and X.
The American flag shall be displayed at all meetings of the
Arxiolb IX.
RBFSBSNDUX.
The Executive Committee may submit from time to time by
referendum to the individual members of the Association ques-
tions affecting fhe substance or the administration of the law
which in the opinion of the Committee are of immediate practical
importance to the whole country.
AxnoLB X.
A1CSNDHBNT8.
This Constitation may be altered or amended only by a vote
of three-fourths of the members present at any session of an
annual meeting, but no such change, shall be made unless at least
two hundred members shall be present, nor unless notice of the
proposed alteration or amendment shall have been given by the
Secretary to the members of the Association either by mail or
by publication in the JoubnaIj at least thirty days before the
meeting at which the amendment is offered.
Abtiolb XI.
CX>N9TBU0nON.
The word '' state,'' whenever used in this Constitution, shaU
be deemed to comprise state, territory, the District of Columbia
or any insular or other possession of tiie United States and places
over which the United States exercises extra-territorial juris-
diction.
BY-LAWS.
MSBTINQ OF THB A88O0UTI0N.
I. The program and order of exercises at the annual meeting
of the Association shall be those prescribed by the Execative
Committee and notified to the members at least thirty days before
the meeting.
BEPOBTB OP OOHKITTBES.
II. Where the report of a committee has been printed^ it shall
not be read at a meeting of the Association, but if the report
recommends action by the Association, the recommendations shall
be set forth at the beginning of the report, and the chairman of
the committee may state briefly to the meeting their substance
and the reasons for them.
HBSOLUTIONS — ^PBOOEDUBB.
III. No person shall speak more than ten minutes at a time
or more than twice on one subject, except as indicated on the
formal program prepared by the Executiye Committee.
Eveiy resolution shall be in writing and unless of a formal
character or presented by a committee, shall be referred by the
Chair .on presentation, without debate, to an appropriate com-
mittee for consideration and report. No resolution which is
neither favorably reported by a committee nor adopted by the
Association, shall be published in the proceedings of the meetings.
No legislation shall be reconmiended or approved by the Asso-
ciation unless there has been a report of a committee thereon,
and unless such legislation be approved by a two-thirds vote of
the members of the Association present.
No resolution complimentary to an officer or member for any
service performed, paper read or address delivered shall be con-
sidered by the Association.
N0N-MH1CBIEB8 : PBIVILBQIBS OF FLOOB.
lY. Members of the Bar of any foreign country or of any state
who are not members of the Association may be admitted to the
privileges of the floor at any meeting of the Association.
(140)
BY-LAWB. 141
BOOKS AMD PAPXBfl OP THB A8800IATI0H.
V. All papers, addresses and reports read before the Associa-
tion or submitted to it, shall be lodged with the Secretary and
become the property of the Association, and shall not be published
unless by the express direction of the Executiye Committee.
Gonmiittee reports which have been printed in full in the
Journal shall not be printed again in the annual volume of the
Association, but there may be printed therein a brief epitome or
condensed summary of such a report which may be prepared by
the chairman of the committee making the report.
Extra copies, not exceeding one hundred in number, of any
report, address or paiper read before the Association may be
printed by the direction of the Executive Committee for the use
of the author.
The Executive Committee shall arrange through the Smith-
sonian Institution, or otherwise, a system of exchanges by which
the Transactions can be exchanged annually for those of Asso*
oiations in foreign countries interested in jurisprudence or
governmental affairs; and the Secretary shall exchange the
Transactioas for those of the State and Local Bar Associations.
All books thus acquired shall be boimd and, provided the New
York City Bar Association consents thereto, shall be deposited in
the charge of that Association, subject to the call of this Asso-
ciation, if it ever desires to withdraw or consult them.
The Secretary shall send one copy of the Annual Report to the
President of the United States, to the Chief Justice of the
United States, to each of the Associate Justices of the Supreme
Court of the United States, to the Library of the State Depart-
ment, and of the Department of Justice ttiereof, to the Governor,
to the Chief Judge or the Chief Justice of the court of last
resort of each state, to the State Librarian thereof, to all public
law libraries, to college libraries, to other principal libraries in
the United States, and to such other persons or bodies as the
Executive Committee may direct.
OmOBBS AND 00KKITTBB8.
YI. The terms of ofiSce of all officers elected at any annual
meeting shall commence at the adjournment of such meeting,
except the members of the General Council, whose term of office
142 AMSRIOAN BAB AS800IATI0K.
shall commeHce immedietely upon their election. Vacancies in
any office, except the Oeneral Council, occurriAg between the
annual meetings shall be filled by the Ezecutiye Oommittee ; and
such interim vacancies in the (General Council shall be filled by
the Local Coimoil of the state.
VII. The President shall appoint all committees, including
special committees, and shall announce the appointments to the
Secretary, who shall give notice to the persons appointed.
There shall be appointed annually by the President a oom-
mittee to be known as the Beception Committee, whose duty it
shall be to attend immediately before and at the opening of the
first day's session of the meeting to receive members and delegates
and introduce them to each other.
The Committee on Professional Ethics and Qrieyances shall:
(1) Assist state and local bar associations in all matters
concerning their activities in respect to the ethics of the pro-
fession, collect and communicate to the Association information
concerning such activities and, from time to time, make recom-
mendations on the subject to the Association.
(2) Be authorized, in its discretion, to express its opinion con-
cerning proper professional conduct and particularly concerning
the application of the Canons of Ethics thereto, when consulted
by ofiicers or committees of state or local bar associations. Such
expression of opinion shall only be made after a consideration
thereof at a meeting of the committee and approval by at least
a majority of the committee.
(3) Be authorized to hear, in meeting of the committee, upon
its own motion, or upon complaint preferred, charges of pro-
fessional misconduct against any member of this Association.
As a result of such hearing it may recommend to the Executive
Committee the forfeiture of the right to membership of any such
member. All such recommendations shall be accompanied by a
transcript of the evidence and shall only be made after the
accused member has been given notice of the nature of the com-
plaint and after a reasonable opportunity has been accorded him
or her to submit evidence and argument in defense.
(4) Forfeiture of the membership of any member as herein-
before provided shall become effective when approved by a
majority of all of the members of the Executive Committee and
BT-LAW8 143
all interest in the property of the Aflsocifttion of perscms whose
manbership is so forfeited shall ipso facto vest in the Associa-
tion. The membership in the Association, and all interest in
the property of the Association of a member shall ipso facto
cease upon his disbarment, or a final judgment of conviction of a
fdony.
(6) Whenever specific charges of unprofessional conduct shall
be made against any member of the Bar, whether or not a mem-
ber of this Associati(m, and the Chairman of the Committee on
Professional Ethics and Grievances is of the opinion that the
case is such as requires investigation or prosecution in the courts,
the same shall be referred by the Chairman to the appropriate
state or local bar association where such attorney resides and it
diall be the duty of the Chairman, ia co-operation with the
local Vice-President of this Association for the state where such
attorney resides, to urge the appropriate officers or committees
of state or local bar associations to institute iaquiry into the
merits of the complaint, and to take such action thereon as may
be appropriate, with a view to the vindication of lawyers un-
justly accused, and the discipline by the appropriate tribunal of
lawyers guilty of unprofessional conduct.
(6) The committee, with the approval of the Executive Com-
mittee, shall formulate rules not inconsistent with this by-law
to give effect to the foregoing provisions, which rules shall be
published in the annual reports of the Association.*
VIIL The Treasurer's report shall be examined and audited
annually before its presentation to the Association, by a licensed
public accountant designated by the President.
IX. The Qeneral Council and all standing committees shall
meet at the time and place of the annual meeting at such hourt
as their respective chairmen shall appoint.
The Secretiuy of the Association shall be the Secretary of tha
General Council.
X. Special meetings of any committee shall be held at such
times ^d places as the Chairman thereof may appoint Beason-
able notice shall be mailed by him to each member.
^he traveling and other necessary expenses incurred by any
committee, standing or special, for meetings of such committee
* Amended August 10, 1022.
144 AMERICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
or otherwise, during the interval between the annual meetings of
the Association, shall be paid by the Treasurer out of such ap^
propriation as the Executive Committee shall have made on
application in each case in advance of its expenditure. Such
application shall be made in writing by the chairman of each
committee thirty days before the mid-winter meeting of the
Executive Committee and upon a specific budget.
All committees may have their reports printed by the Secre-
tary, upon order duly made by the Executive Committee, before
the aimual meeting of the Association; and any such report con-
taining any recommendation for action by the Association,
shall be printed, together with a draft of a bill embodying the
views of the Committee, whenever legislation shall be proposed.
Such reports shall be distributed by mail by the Secretary
to all members of the Association at least thirty days before the
annual meeting at which such report is proposed to be submitted
It shall be the duty of each Vice-President and member of
the General Coimcil to endeavor to procure the enactment by
the legislature of his state of every law recommended by the
Association, and the Secretary shall furnish them with copies
of every recommendation and of every bill recommended and a
copy of this by-law; and whenever the Association shall by
resolution recommend the enactment of any law, the Secretary
shall furnish as soon as possible, a copy of the resolution tp the
President of each State Bar Association, with the request that
such Association cooperate with the local vice*president and
member of the General Council of this Association and the Na^
tional Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State I^aws of
such state in having a bill introduced in the legislature of its state
in conformity with the recommendation of this Association, and
use proper means to procure the enactment of the same into law.
In every state where there is no State Bar Association, a copy of
such resolution, with a similar request, shall be sent to the
President of the Bar Association of the principal cities in the
state; and in every instance where the form of bill has been
recommended, a copy thereof shall also be sent with the resolution.
5Y-LAWS 146
ANNUAL DUES.
XI. The annual dues shall be payable at the annual meeting
in advance. If any member neglects to pay his dues on or before
June 1st following the annual meeting it shall be the duty of
the Treasurer to serve upon him, by mail, a copy of this by-law
and notice that unless the dues are paid within one month there-
after, the default will be reported to the Executive Committee
which may, without further notice, cause his name to be stricken
from the roll for non-payment of dues, and his membership and all
rights in respect thereto will thereupon cease.
SECTIONS. — GBNE&AL REGULATIONS.
XII. Each Section shall meet at least once a year in con*
nection with the meeting of the Association, but not during such
hours as the Association is in session.
2. The proceedings of any or all of the Sections may be pub-
lished from time to time, in the discretion of the Executive Com-
mittee.
3. Any member of the Association may enroll himself as
a member of any Section provided he meets the requirements
in other respects of the by-laws of such Section.
4. Matters arising in the meetings of the Association which
relate to a subject with which a Section is primarily concerned,
may be referred to such Section.
5. Appropriations may be made from time to time by the
Executive Committee of the Association to any Section, to the
Conference of Bar Association Delegates, and to the National
Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws; but the
financial liability of the Association to the Sections or any of
them, to the Conference of Bar Association Delegates, or to the
National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws,
shall be limited to such appropriations as may be made for them
and shall cease upon payment to the treasurers of the Sections or
of the Conferences of the amount so appropriated.
6. The chairman or other oflFicer of each Section and of the
Conference of Bar Association Delegates, shall present to the
Association at its annua] meeting a report in detail ot its work
and finances up to the preceding June 1st.
OFFICERS
1922-1923.
Pkobsident;
JOHN W. DAVIS, 16 Broad Street, New York, N. f.
Segrbtabt,
W. THOMAS KEMP, 901 Maryland Trust Bidg., Baltimore, Md.
Tbbasubeb,
FREDERICK E. WADHAMS, 78 Chapel Street, Albany, N. Y,
EXBCUTIVB COMMITTEB,
EX-omcio Hugh H. Brown, Tonopah. Nev.
Thb SbotSSt' "^^^^ ^- <^«^i88, Detroit, Mich.
Thb Trbasurbr, John T. Richards, Chicago, 111.
CoRDBNio A. Sbvebancb, Thomas W. Blackburn, Omaha, Neb.
Former Proident, Wh-uam Brosmith, Hartford, Conn.
W 6 Hiiw ^^^' ^- ^' Ellsworth, Jamestown. N. D.
Chm. Genl. Council, Thomas W. Shblton, Norfolk, Va.
New Orleans, La. A. T. Stovall, Okolona, Miss.
SECTION OF LEGAL EDUCATION AND ADMISSIONS TO
THE BAR.
Sn^B H. Strawn, Chicago, HI., Chairman,
John B. Sanborn, Madison, Wis., Secretary and Treasurer.
SECTION OF PATENT, TRADE-MARK AND COPYRIGHT LAW.
Chas. E. Brock, Cleveland, Ohio, Chairman,
Edward S. Rogers, Chicago, 111., Vice-Chairman,
Alfred M. Allbn, Cincinnati, Ohio, Treasurer,
Eugene Mason, Washington, D. C, Secretary,
JUDICIAL SECTION.
John P. Briscoe, Prince Frederick, Md., Chairman,
John T. Tucker, Baltimore, Md., Secretary.
COMPARATIVE LAW BUREAU.
William W. Smfthebs, Philadelphia, Pa., Chairman,
Charles S. Lobingier, Shanghai, China, Vice-Chairman.
Robert P. Shick, Philadelphia, Pa., Secretary,
Eugene C. Massib, Uiohmond, Va^ Treasurer.
SECTION OF PUBLIC UTILITY LAW.
John B. Sanborn, Madison^ Wis., Chairman.
Chester I. Long, Wichita, Kan., Vice^hairman.
Edward A. Armstrong, Newark, N. J., Secretary.
John Randolph Tucker, Richmond, Va., Treasurer.
(146)
OFFICERS. 147
SECTION OF CRIMINAL LAW.
Flotd E. Thompson, Rock Island, 111., Chairman.
W. O. Hart. New OtleauB, La., Vice'Chairman.
Edwin M. Abbott, Philadelphia, Pa., Secretcary and Treasurer.
SECTION OF CONFERENCE OP BAR ASSOCIATION
DELEGATES.
Charum A. Boston, New York, N. Y., Chatrman.
W. H. H. Piatt, Kansas City, Mo., Vice-Ckainnan. ^
Hbrbebt Habust, Chicago, 111., Secretary,
Nathan William MacChbsnbt, Chicago, Bl., Treasurer.
NATIONAL CONFERENCE OF COMMISSIONERS ON UNIFORM
STATE LAWS.
Nathan Wiluam MacChesnet, Chicago, Bl., President,
John R. Haboin, Newark, N. J., Vice-President.
GwNiGB G. BoGERT, Ithaca, N. Y., Secretary.
W. 0. Habt, New Orleans, La., Treasurer.
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF ATTORNEYS GENERAL.
Clifford H. Hii;ion, St. Paul, Minn., President.
E. T. England, West Virginia, Vice-President.
Harbt S. Bowman, Santa Fe, New Mexico, Secretary-Treasurer.
GENERAL COUNCIL
1922-1923
state Name Residence
L0UI8UNA W. 0. Hart, Chairman New Orleans.'
Alabama E. H. Cabanbsb Birmingham.
Alaska Ralph £. Robertson Juneau.
Arizona T. G. Norris Prescott.
Arkansas Prank PAcn Little Rock.
Californu Charles Gushing San Franciflco.
China Stirung Fbssbnden Shanghai.
Colorado T. J. O'Donnell J3enver.
Connecticut George E. Beers New Haven.
Delaware Josiah Marvel Wihnington.
District of Columbia. . .J. Morrill Chamberlain. .Washington.
Florida ; Scxxtt M. Loptin JackaonviUe.
Gborgu S. Price Gilbert Atlanta.
Hawah Benjamin L. Marx Honolulu.
Idaho James F. Ailshie Coeur d'Alene.
Ilunois Frederick A. Brown Chicago.
Indiana Charles Martindale Indianapolis.
Iowa Jesse A. Miller Des Moines.
Kansas Chester I. Long Wichita.
Kentucky Wm. Marshall Bullitt . .Louisville.
Maine Arthur Ritchie Belfast.
Martland John P. Briscoe Prince Frederick
Massachusetts John Lowell Boston.
Michigan Wade Millis Detroit.
Minnesota John Junell Minneapolis.
Mississippi John D. Sexton Hazlehurst.
Missouri Jambs H. Harkless Kansas City.
Montana James A. Walsh Helena.
Nebraska R. A. Van Orsdel Omaha.
Nevada Frank A. Norchoss Reno.
New Hampshire Joseph Madden Keene.
New Jersey Edward Q. Keasby Newark.
New Mexico Harry S. Bowman Santa Fe.
New York Charles S. Whitman New York.
North Carolina R. L. Smith Albemarle.
North Dakota Lee Combs Valley City.
Ohio Frank M. Clevenger Wilmington.
Oklahoma Frank Wells Oklahoma City.
Oregon James B. Kerr Portland.
Pennsylvania Robert P. Shick Philadelphia.
Philippine Islands H. Lawrence Noble Manila.
Porto Rico Adolph G. Wolf San Juan.
Rhode Island Thomas A. Jbnckbs Providence.
South Carolina John P. Thomas, Jr Columbia.
South Dakota W. F. Mason Aberdeen.
Tennessee W. H. Washinoton Nashville.
Texas W. H. Burges El Paso.
Utah C. R. Hollingsworth Oeden.
Vermont George M. Hogan St. Albans.
ViRGiNU R. R. Prentis Suffolk.
Washington Charles 0. Bates Tacoma.
West Virginia J. W. Vandervort Parkersburg.
Wisconsin W. F. Shea Ashland.
Wyoming Wm. C. Kinkbad Cheyenne.
(148)
VICE-PRESIDENTS
AND
MEMBERS OF LOCAL COUNCILS
ELECTED 1922
ALABAMA.
Vice-President, J. K. DIXON Talladega.
Local Council, LAWRENCE COOPER Huntsville.
GEORGE A. NELSON Decatur.
H. U. SIMS Birmingham.
W. P. ACKER Anniston.
ALASKA.
Vice-Preffldent,JOHN R COBB Juneau.
Local Council, RALPH E. ROBERTSON Juneau.
HERBERT L. FAULKNER Juneau.
THOMAS J. DONOHOE Cordova.
ARIZONA.
Vice-President, CLEON T. KNAPP Bisbee.
Local Council, CLIFTON MATHEWS Globe.
A. I. WINSETT Tucson.
B. E. MARKS Phoenix.
0. J. BAUGHN Florence.
ARKANSAS.
Vice-President, J. H. HAMITER Little Rock.
Local Council, 8. H. MANN Forest City.
W. H. MARTIN Hot Springs.
J. M. STAYTON Newport.
C. T. COLEMAN Little Rock,
CALIFORNIA.
Vice-President, BRADNER W. LEE Los Angeles.
Local Council, FRANK M. ANGELLOTTI San Francisco.
EUGENE DANEY San Diego.
J. P. CHANDLER Los Angeles.
BEVERLY L. HODGHEAD San Francisco.
CHINA.
Vice-President, CHARLES S. LOBINGIER Shanghai.
Local Council, ARTHUR B ASSETT . . , Shanghai.
RALPH A. FROST Hankow.
ROLAND S. HASKELL Shanghai.
CHAUNCEY P. HOLCOMB Shanghai.
COLORADO.
Vice-President, JOHN A. EWING Denver.
Local Council, JAMES H. ROTHROCK Colorado Springs.
JOHN H. FRY ..Denver.
RALPH L. CARR Antonito.
WM. E. BUTTON Denvej.
(149)
150 AMSBICAK BAB ASSOOIATIOK.
(CONNECTICUT.
Vice-President, CHRISTOPHER L. AVERY Groton.
Local Council, EDWARD M. DAY Hartford.
HARRISON HEWITT New Haven
FREDERICK W. HOLDEN Ansonia.
WILLIAM H. COMLEY Bridgeport.
DELAWARE.
Vice-President, JOHN BIGGS Wilmington.
Local Council, JOHN P. LAFFEY Wilmington.
R. H. RICHARDS Wilmington.
S. D. TOWNSEND, JR Wilmington.
D. J. LAYTON Georgetown.
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.
Vice-President, GEORGE A. KING Washington.
Local Council, CHARLES F. CARUSI Washington.
KATHERINF R. PIKE Washington.
FREDERICK S. TYLER Washington.
CHARLES HENRY BUTLER... Washington.
FLORIDA.
Vice-President, GEORGE COUPER GIBBS Jacksonville.
Local Council, M. D. PRICE Miami.
W. B. S. CRICHLOW Bradentown.
E. P. AXTELL Jacksonville.
J. P. STOKES Pensacola.
GEORGIA.
Vice-President, JOHN A. SIBLEY Atlanta.
Local Council, FRANCIS M. OLIVER Savannah.
ALEX. W. STEPHENS Atlanta.
ARTHUR G. POWELL Atlanta.
HARRY S. STROZIER Macon.
HAWAII.
Vice-President, ALEX. G. M. ROBERTSON ....Honolulu.
Local Council, WILLIAM O. SMITH Honolulu.
CHARLES F. CLEMONS Honolulu.
LYLE A. DICKEY Lihue.
ROBBINS B. ANDERSON Honolulu.
IDAHO.
Vice-President, JAMES H. HAWLEY Boise.
Local Council, JAMES R. BOTHWELL Twin Falls.
JOSEPH H. PETERSON Pocatello.
FREDERICK S. RANDALL ....Lewiston.
OLIVER 0. HAGA Boise.
ILLINOIS.
Vice-President, ALBERT N. EASTMAN Chicaga
Local Council, LOGAN HAY Springfield.
HUGO PAM Chicago.
JOHN R. MONTGOMERY Chicago.
PARKER H. HOAG Chicago.
yiOB-PBB8IDSNT8 AHD LOCAL 00UN0IL8. 151
INDIANA,
Vice-President, ROBERT W. McBRIDE Indianapolis.
Local Council, DANIEL W. SIMMS Lafayette.
PAUL G. DAVIS Indianapolis.
HARRY C. SHERIDAN Frankf orf.
ELMER E. STEVENSON Indianapolis.
IOWA.
Vice-President, WESLEY MARTIN Webster City.
Local Council, HAZEN L SAWYER Keokuk,
JOHN F. DEVITT Muscatine.
£. M. CARR Manchester.
TRUMAN S. STEVENS Hamburg.
KANSAS.
Vioe-Preadent, B. S. McANANY Kansas City.
Local Council, HENRY E. GANSE Emporia.
PARK PULSIFER Concordia.
A. M. KEENE Fort Scott.
WILLIAM OSMOND Great Bend.
KENTUCKTY
Vice-President, MATT S. WALTON Lexington.
Local Council, GEORGE R. HUNT Lexington.
PERCY N. BOOTH LouisviUe.
J. E. ROBBINS Mayfield.
GEORGE B. MARTIN Catlettsburg.
LOUISIANA.
Vice-President, T. JONES CROSS Baton Rouge.
Local Council, W. W. YOUNG New Orleans.
JESSY BENEDICT GESSNER..New Orleans.
J. ZACH SPEARING New Orleans.
WALTER LEMANN Donaldsonville.
MAINE.
Vice-President, ISAAC W. DYER Portland.
Local Council, NORMAN L. B ASSETT Augusta.
WM. H. LOONEY Portland.
HANNIBAL E. HAMLIN Ellsworth.
CYRUS N. BLANCHARD Wilton.
MARYLAND.
Vice-President, JAMES P. GORTER Baltimore.
Local Council, RANDOLPH BARTON, JR Baltimore.
WILLIAM H. LAMAR RockviUe.
CHARLES MARKELL Baltimore.
HERBERT T. TIFFANY Baltimore.
MASSACHUSETTS.
Vice-President, SAMUEL WILLISTON Cambridge.
Local Council, JOHN E. HANNIGAN Boston.
REGINALD H. SMITH Boston.
JAMES M. ROSENTHAL Pittsfield.
ROBERT A. B. COOK WeUesley.
152 AKBBIOAN BAR AS800IATI0N.
MICHIGAN.
Vice-President, OSCAR C. HULL Detroit.
Local Council, HENRY M. BATES Ann Arbor.
WESLEY L. NUTTEN Detroit.
JUSTIN R. WHITING Jackson.
GEORGE E. NICHOLS Ionia.
MINNESOTA,
Vice-Preaident, BRUCE W. SANBORN St. Paul.
Local Council, HENRY O. CHRI8TENSEN .... Rochester.
MORRIS B. MITCHELL Minneapolis.
WM. G. GRAVES St. Paul.
HUBERT H. D'AUTREMONT..Duluth.
MISSISSIPPI
Vice-President, WM. D. ANDERSON Jackson.
Local Council, J. M. STEVENS Jackson.
ROBERT B. RICKETTS Jackson.
A. T. STOVALL Okolona.
W. H. WATKINS Jackson.
MISSOURI.
Vice-President, L. NEWTON WYLDER Kansas City.
Local Council, CHARLES M. BUSH Kansas City.
MURAT BOYLE Kansas City.
JAMES R. CLAIBORNE St. Louis.
O. L. CRAVENS Neosha.
MONTANA.
Vice-President, WM. T. PIGOTT Helena.
Local Council, MILTON S. GUNN Helena.
WM. SCALLON Helena.
W. S. HARTMAN Boseman.
W. M. JOHNSTON Billings.
NEBRASKA.
Vice-President, FRANCIS A. BROGAN Omaha.
Local Council, HOWARD KENNEDY : . . .Omaha.
N. H. LOOMIS Omaha.
C. B. LETTON Lincohi.
P. E. RANDALL Omaha.
NEVADA.
Vice-President, P. A. McCARRAN Reno.
Local Council, WM. WOODBURN Reno.
H. R. COOKE Reno.
ROBERT M. PRICE. Reno.
WM. FORMAN Tonopah.
NEW HAMPSHIRE.
Vice-President, REUBEN E. WALKER Concord.
Local Council, JAMES W. REMICK Concord.
LOUIS E. WYMAN Manchester.
HARRY BINGHAM Littleton.
ORVILLE E. CAIN Keene.
YIGB-PBBSroENTS AND LOOAL OOUNOILS. 158
NEW JERSEY
Vice-President, JOHN R. HARDIN Newark.
Local Council, GEO. A. BOURGEOIS Atlantic City.
RYNIER J. WORTENDYKE . . .Jersey City.
ADRIAN LYON Perth Amboy.
SAMUEL H. RICHARDS Camden.
NEW MEXICO.
Vice-President, A. M. EDWARDS Santa Fe.
Local Council, W. C. REID Albuquerque.
F. T. CHEATAM Taos.
, FRANK W. CLANCY Santa Fe.
WM. G. HAYDON East Las Vegas.
NEW YORK
Vice-President, HENRY W. TAFT New York.
Local Council, GEORGE H. BON^v Syracuse.
WILLIAM H. GRIFFIN New York.
WILLIAM L. RANSOM New York.
GEORGE S. TARBELL Ithaca.
NORTH CAROLINA.
Vice-President, W. M. PERSON Louisburg.
Local Council, FRANK THOMPSON Jacksonville.
JULIA M. ALEXANDER Charlotte.
R. R. KING, Jr Greensboro.
MARK BROWN AsheviUe.
NORTH DAKOTA.
Vice-President, TRACY R. BANGS Grand Forks.
Local Council, JOHN KNAUF Jamestown.
FRANK B. LAMBERT Minot.
BENTON BAKER Bismarck.
TORGER SINNESS Devil's Lake.
OHIO.
Vice-President, PROVINCE M. POGUE Cincinnati.
Local Council, M. J. HARTLEY Xenia.
ALBERT D. ALCORN Cincinnati.
RALPH S. AMBLER Canton,
W. R. POMERENE Columbus.
OKLAHOMA.
Vice-President, C. B, AMES Oklahoma City.
Local Council, HORACE HAGAN Tulsa.
E. D. SLOUGH Ardmore.
VICTOR H. KULP Norman.
H. R. DUNCAN Pawhuska.
OREGON.
Vice-President, ROBERT TUCKER Portland.
Local Council, OSCAR HAYTER Dallas.
RICHARD W. MONTAGUE ....Portland.
JOHN H. McNARY Salem.
CHARLES A. HARDY Eugene.
154 AKBBICAN BAB ASSOOIATION.
PENNSYLVANIA,
Vice-Preadent, WM. M. HARGEST Harrisburg.
Local Council, HENRY S. BORNEMAN PWladelphia.
A. M. HOLDING Wert Chester.
VERNON HAZZARD Monongahela.
F. G. MOORHEAD Beaver.
PHILIPPINE ISLANDS.
Vict-Preddent, AMASA O. CROSSFIELD Manila.
Local Council, EUGENE A. GILMORE Manila.
JAMES ROSS Manila.
S. C. SCHWARZKOPF Manila.
FRANCIS A. DELGADO Manila.
PORTO RICO.
Vice-President, MANUEL RODIGUEZ-SERRA. .San Juan.
Local Council, JOSE HERNANDEZ USERA....San Juan.
FELIX CORDOVA DAVILA ....San Juan.
LUIS MUNOZ MORALES San Juan.
JACINTO TEXIDOR San Juan.
RHODE ISLAND.
Vice-President, WILLIAM B. GREENOUGH ....Providence.
Local Council, CLIFFORD WHIPPLE Providence.
ELMER S. CHASE Providence.
FRANCIS B. KEENEY Providence.
ELISHA C. MO WRY Providence.
SOUTH CAROLINA.
Vice-President, SIMEON HYDE Charleston.
Local Council, ALFRED HUGER Charleston.
HUNTER A. GIBBES Columbia.
HERBERT E. GYLES Aiken.
CORNELIUS OTTS Spartanburg.
SOUTH DAKOTA.
Vice-President, E. O. PATTERSON Dallas.
Local Council, WM. G. RICE Deadwood.
W. T. BRUELL Redfield.
TORE TEIGEN Sioux Falls.
A. K. GARDNER Huron.
TENNESSEE.
Vice-President, WALTER P. ARMSTRONG Memphis.
Local Council, LOVICK P. MILES Memphis.
W. L. OWEN Covington.
JOHN H. DeWTTT Nashville.
J. HARRY PRICE KnoxviUe.
TEXAS
Vice-President, W. A. WRIGHT San Angclo.
Local Council, WM. N. BONNER Wichita Falls.
HARRY P. LAWTHER Dallas.
J. M. BURFORD Mt. Pleasant.
THOMAS H. FRANKLIN San Antonio.
VI0S-PBB8IDBNTS AND LOCAL COUNCILS. 155
UTAH.
Vice-Preadent, W. I. SNYDER Salt Lake City.
Local Coimca, JOEL NIBLEY Salt Lake City.
E. O. LEE Salt Lake City.
DAVID JENSEN OgdeiL
JAMES N. KIMBALL Ogden.
VERMONT.
Vice-Ptesident, GEO. M. POWERS Morriaville.
Local Council, ROBERT E. HEALY Bexmington.
FRANK D. THOMPSON Barton.
HERBERT G. BARBER Brattleboro.
CHARLES I. BUTTON Middlebur>-.
VIRGINI/L
Vice-Preaident, R. E. PEYTON, Je Richmond.
Local Council, EUGENE C. MASSIE Richmond.
JAMES R.CATON Alexandria.
E. R. WILLIAMS Richmond.
C. M. CHICHESTER Richmond.
WASHINGTON.
Vice-President, GEO. H. RUMMENS Seattle.
Local Council, THEODORE B. BRUNER Aberdeen.
FRANK T. POST Spokane.
CHARLES E. SHEPARD Seattle.
LEE C. DELLE Yakima.
WEST VIRGINA.
Vice-President, HARVEY F. SMITH Clarksburg.
Local Council, JOSEPH WARREN MADDEN.. Morgantown.
CHARLES LYNCH Clarkiurg.
JOHN J. D. PRESTON Charleston.
E. T.ENGLAND Charleston.
WISCONSIN.
Vice-President, WILLIAM D. THOMPSON Racine,
Local Council, ARTHUR A. McLEOD Madison.
LOUIS A. LECHER Milwaukee.
JOHN E. McCONNELL La Crosse.
MAX SCHOETZ, Jb Milwaukee.
WYOMING.
Vice-President, RALPH KIMBALL Cheyenne.
Local Council, GEO. E. BRIMMER Rawlins.
JESSE E. JACOBSON Wheathmd.
MORRIS E. CORTHELL Laramie.
WM. E. MULLEN Cheyenne.
STANDING COMMITTEES *
1922-1923.
Ck)MMERCE, Trade and Commercial Law.
WM. H. H. PIATT, Kansas City, Miasoiiri.
JULIUS HENRY COHEN, New York, New York.
PROVINCE M. POGUE, Cincinnati, Ohio.
WILLIAM DENMAN, San Francisco, CaUfora^i.
RANDOLPH BARTON, JR., Baltimore, Maryland.
International Law«
JAMES BROWN SCOTT, Washington, District of Ccrfumbia.
THOMAS BURKE, Seattle, Washington.
GEORGE W. WICKERSHAM, New York, New York.
ROBERT LANSING, Washington, District of Columbia.
MANLEY 0. HUDSON, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Insurance Law.
JAMES C. JONES, St. Louis, Missouri.
JAMES B. KERR, Portland, Oregon.
SCOTT M. LOFTIN, Jacksonville, Florida.
JAMES H. McJNTOSH, New York, New York.
THOMAS B. GAY, Richmond, Virginia.
Jurisprxtdench and Law Reform.
EVERETT P. WHEELER, New York, New York.
HENRY W. TAFT, New York, New York.
THOMAS J. O'DONNELL, Denver, Colorado.
JOHN R. HARDIN, Newark, New Jersey.
TORE TEIGEN, Sioux Falls, South Dakota.
WILLIAM HUNTER, Tampa, Florida.
MERRILL MOORES, Indianapolis, Indiana.
FRANK H. NORCROSS, Reno, Nevada.
GEORGE E. BEERS, New Haven, Connecticut.
PAUL HOWLAND, Cleveland, Ohio.
WM. MARSHALL BULLITT, Louisville, Kentucky.
JAMES M. BECK, Washington, District of Columbia.
MITCHELL D. FOLLANSBEE, Chicago, Illinois.
WILLIAM L. MARBURY, Baltimore, Maryland.
ROGER SHERMAN, Chicago, lUinois.
Legal Aid.
REGINALD HEBER SMITH, Boston, Massachusetts.
FORREST C. DONNELL, St. Louis, Missouri.
MARY F. LATHROP, Denver, Colorado.
ROBERT P. SHICK, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
ALLEN WARDWELL, New York, New York.
* In the list of committees, the first named member is Chairman unless
otherwise stated.
(166)
STANDING 00MHITTB8. 15?
PBorsssiONAL Ethics and Gribvakcbs.
THOMAS FRANCIS HOWE, Chicago, lUinois.
CHARLES THADDEUS TERRY, New York, New York.
MORRIS A. SOPER, Baltimore, Maryland.
HENRY U. SIMS. Birmingham. Alabama.
HENRY S. DRINKER, JR., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
ABMIRAI/rT AKD MARITIME LaW.
CHARLES C. BURLINGHAM, New York, New York.
FITZ-HENRY SMITH, JR., Boston, Massachusetts.
HARVEY D. GOULDER, Cleveland, Ohio.
EDWARD J. McCUTCHEN, San Francisco, California.
JOSEPH W. HENDERSON, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
PuBucmr.
FREDERICK A. BROWN, Chicago, Illinois.
CHARLES S. CUSHING. San Francisco, California.
HENRY P. DART, JR., New Orleans, Louisiana.
HAZEN I. SAWYER, Keokuk, Iowa.
WILLIAM A. HAYES, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
Publications.
WILLIAM LEE RAWLS, Baltimore, Maryland.
ROBERT PENINGTON, Wilmington, Delaware.
WILLIAM M. HARGEST, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
ROBERT E. PEYTON, JR., Richmond, Vu^inia.
PRESTON C. WEST, Tulsa, Oklahoma.
NoTEwoBTHT Changes in Statute Law.
JOSEPH P. CHAMBERLAIN, New York, New York.
CHARLES M. HEPBURN, Bloomington, Indiana.
SHIPPEN LEWIS, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
WELLINGTON D. RANKIN, Helena, Montana.
BRUCE W. SANBORN, St. Paul, Minnesota.
Memorials.
W. THOMAS KEMP, Baltimore, Maryland.
BRADNER W. LEE, Los Angeles, California.
ROBERT W. STAYTON, Corpus Christi, Texas.
FLORENCE KING, Chicago, IlUnois.
HOLLINS N. RANDOLPH, Atlanta, Georgia.
Membership.
SIMEON E. BALDWIN, New Haven, Connecticut.
MOORFIELD STOREY, Boston, Massachusetts.
FRANCIS RAWLE, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
HENRY ST. GEORGE TUCKER, Lexington, Virginia.
GEORGE R. PECK, Chicago, Illinois.
ALTON B. PARKER, New York, New York.
158 AHBBIOAN BAB ASSOOIATION.
JACOB M. DICKINSON, Chicago, nimois.
FREDERICK W. LEHMANN, St Louis, MiflBOuri.
FRANK B. KELLOGG, St. P^ul, Minnesota.
PETER W. MELDRIM, Savannah, Geoi^ia.
ELIHU ROOT, New York, New York.
WALTER GEORGE SMITH, Philadelphia, Penn^lvania.
GEORGE T. PAGE, Chicago. Illinois.
HAMPTON L. CARSON, Philadelphia, Pennaylvania.
CORDENIO A. SEVERANCE, St. Paul, Minnesota.
DWTBICl DiBICrOBS.
1st District— GEORGE B. YOUNG, Montpelier, Yerniont.
2nd District-FREDERICK £. WADHAMS, Albany, N. Y.(Cbainnan).
3rd District^WILLIAM W. GORDON, Savannah, Geoigia.
4th District^FRANK M. GLEVENGER, Wilmington, Ohio.
5th District— LOGAN HAY, Springfield, Illinois.
6th Districlr—EUGENE McQUILLIN, St. Louis, Missouri.
7th Distridr-HAROLD M. STEPHENS, Salt Lake Qty, Utah.
8th District— HERBERT L. FAULKNER, Juneau, Alaska.
9th Districtr—WALTER F. FREAR, Honolulu, Hawaii.
10th District-GEORGE A. MALCOLM, Manila, PhiUppme Islands.
11th District— CHARLES HARTZELL, San Juan, Porto Rico.
Nora. — ^Under new memberihip plans, the foUowing districts have been
established :
I. Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Con-
necticut ;
II. New York, PennsylYanIa, New Jersey, Delaware, MSaryland, Dlttrlot
of Columbia ;
III. Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama,
Mississippi. Tennessee ;
IV. Michigan, Onio, Indiana, West Virginia, Kentucky;
V. Illinois, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, North Dakota, South Dakota,
Nebraska *
VI. Missouri, Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Kansas;
VII. Colorado, Wyoming, Montana, Idaho, Washington, Oregon, California,
Nevada, Utah, Ariiona ;
VIII. Territory of Alaska ;
IX. Hawaii Territory;
X. Philippine Islands;
XI. Porto Rico.
SPECIAL COMMITTEES*
1922-1923.
Uniform Judicial Procedubb.
THOMAS W. SHELTON, Norfolk, Virginia.
JACOB M. DICKINSON, Chicago, Illinoia.
FREDERICK W. LEHMANN, St. Louis, Missouri.
ROSCOE POUND, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
FRANK IRVINE, Ithaca, New York.
FiNANGB.
FREDERICK E. WADHAMS, Albany, New York.
JAMES R. CATON, Alexandria, Virginia.
CHARLES MARTINDALE, Indianapolis, Indiana.
Rbprbsbntatives of American Bar Assocution to Conferbncb of
Delegates.
JOHN H. VOORHEES, Sioux Falls, South Dakota.
CHARLES A. BOSTON, New York, New York.
GURNEY E. NEWLIN, Los Angeles, CaUfomia.
THOMAS L. MARSHALL, Chicago, IlUnois.
JOSIAH MARVEL, Wilmington, Delaware.
Change of Date of Presidential Inauguration.
WILLIAM L. PUTNAM, Boston, Massachusetts.
WILLIAM C. KINKEAD, Cheyenne, Wyoming.
LEVI COOKE, Washington, District of Cohimbia.
RALPH S. AMBLER, Canton, Ohio.
AUBREY L. BROOKS,~Gre*ensboro, North Carolina.
Classification and Restatement of the Law.
THOMAS I. PARKINSON, New York, New York.
ROSCOE POUND, Cambridge. Massachusetts.
GEORGE B. ROSE, Little Rock, Arkansas.
EDWIN M. BORCHARD, New Haven, Connecticut.
HENRY M. BATES, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
GEORGE W. PEPPER, Philadelphia, Penni^Ivania.
MIDDLETON BEAMAN, Washington, District of Columbia.
STILES W. BURR, St. Paul, Minnesota.
EDMUND F. TRABUE, Louisville, Kentucky.
Law of Aeronautics.
WILLIAM P. MACCRACKEN, JR., Chicago, lUinois.
GEORGE G. BOGERT, Ithaca, New York.
W. JEFFERSON DAVIS, San Diego, CaUfomia.
PHILIP A. CARROLL, New York, New York.
DANIEL W. IDDINGS, Dayton, Ohio.
* In the list of committees, the first named member is Chairman unless
otherwise stated.
6 (150)
160 AMEBIOAN BAR ASSOOIATION.
Removal of Government Liens ok Real Estate.
JOHN T. RICHARDS, Chicago, Illinois.
JOHN A. CHAMBLISS, Chattanooga, Tennessee.
GEORGE R. HUNT, Lexington, Kentucky.
Markino Grave or Former Chief Justice Salmon P. Chase.
SELDEN P. SPENCER, St. Louis, Missouri.
ANDREW SQUIRE, Cleveland, Ohio.
GUY W. MALLON, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Federal Taxation.
CHARLES HENRY BUTLER, Wiscasset, Maine.
MURRAY M. SHOEMAKER, Cincinnati, Ohio.
GEORGE M. MORRIS, Washington, District of Columbia.
MORRIS L. JOHNSTON, Chicago," Illinois.
LOUIS A. LECHER, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
Law Enforcement.
CHARLES S. WHITMAN, New York, New York.
MARCUS A. KAVANAGH, Chicago, Illinois.
CHARLES W. FARNHAM, St. Paul, Minnesota.
WADE H. ELLIS,^ashington, District of Columbia.
ANNETTE A. ADAMS, San Francisco, California.
AmKBICAK CmZKNSHIP.
R. E. L. SANER, Dallas, Texas.
WALTER GEORGE SMITH, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
ANDREW A. BRUCE, Chicago, Illinois.
WALLACE McCAMANT, Portland, Oregon.
JOHN LORD O'BRUN, Buffalo, New York.
Judicial Ethics.
WILLIAM HOWARD TAFT, Washington, District of Columbia.
LESLIE C. CORNISH, Augusta, Maine.
ROBERT von MOSCHZlSKER, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
CHARLES A. BOSTON, New York, New York.
GARRET W. McENERNEY, San Francisco, California.
APPENDIX
ADDRESS OF THE PRESIDENT
Bt
• CORDENIO A. SEVERANCE,
OP MINirsSOTA.
THE CONSTITUTION AND INDIVIDUALISM.
The American Bar Association is meeting today in the city
of the Argonauts. For the second time in its history it has come
nearly half way across the United States. Although still much
further from Manila or the extremity of the Aleutian Islands
than from Maine^ it has made a fair start. Its meeting place is
in a city that both historically and in the present typifies the
American spirit that has made our nation so great. This city,
from the time of the American occupation, while engagingly cos-
mopolitan, has always been dominated by the strong, virile people
of our race. By reason of its beauty and charm, its glorious moun-
tains and lovely valleys, we are too apt to think of California
only as a land of romance and ease and dolce fao' mente. The
Creator did much for this charmed region, but the pioneer Ameri-
can men and women who painfully toiled across the burning
deserts and over the snow-capped mountains, or across the mias-
mic Isthmus, laid the foundations, and their descendants have
reared the superstructure which makes California today not only
a beauty spot, but a great commonwealth. The moimtains and
the valleys were always here. They were not newly discovered
in 1849. The people or the descendants of the people of a great
European nation, at one time the mistress of nearly all the
Americans, arrived long before. But it was only when American
civilization and the free constitution and laws of our country came
to bless this land that the real California as we know it today,
had its birth. From that time this great state has unfolded until
today not only in its beauty, but in its strength and many re-
sources it is the admiration of the world. The pioneers brought
with them all those sturdy qualities of mind and body and those
traditions of free government which have been so conspicuous
(163)
164 ADDRESS OF THE PRESIDENT.
from the time little scattered bands settled along the shores of
the Atlantic and began pushing themselves westward, step by
step, turning the wilderness into a garden. They brought with
them that which enables them in common with all their fellow-
Americans, to live in peace and enjoy that which with their heads
and hands they earn, the Constitution of the United States with
the personal and religious liberty it guaranteest They were
people with an inherited reverence and respect for law. But for
this and the orderly government so insured, the desert would have
remained as it was from the beginning of time, and the waters
which now enrich it so that it can support an empire, would
have continued to flow unvexed to the sea. In these times of
doubt and speculation when some good men and many bad men
are giving utterance to distrust and dissatisfaction with what we
are glad to denominate American institutions,«,where better can
we come to renew our faith in the works our fathers wrought?
When men and women assemble as we do today, to consider the
problems that confront us, and to consult together for their solu-
tion, when we accept the constant challenge to weigh in the
balance the value of the government tmder which we live, it is
the part of wisdom to turn our eyes backward to see whether the
system we have has served us well or ill. Has it given us in a
large measure happiness and contentment, or the reverse? Has
the influence of our institutions been felt upon the world at large ?
Have our theories of government coidmended themselves to
thoughtful men of other lands? Has our example been followed
or rejected? The answer to these questions may at least give
pause to those who spend their strength in denunciation and
whose eyes are always fixed upon the few imperfect stones un-
conscious of the sublime beauty of the great edifice as a whole.
Many questions of vital moment were considered and determined
by that remarkable body of men who sat in Philadelphia through
the summer of 1787. They were wise men, so wise that Thomas
Jefferson, who was in Paris at the time as the Minister of the
Colonies with an exaggeration easily pardonable, called it an
assemblage of demi-gods. They were students of history and
learned in the science of government as it had developed up to
that time. They were zealous for the protection of the freedom
that had been won through a long and destructive war, but at thl§
^ OOBDBKIO A. 8E7ERAN0B. 165
same time appreciative of the necessity of erecting a gpvemment
with the strength to maintain itself against foes either external
or internal. To recall only a few of their conclusions. They
determined against a monarchy or an execntiye chosen for life.
They provided for a bi-cameral legislatare. Washington, when
asked why the Congress was made to consist of two bodies rather
than one, having in mind the sadden waves of passion that might
sweep over an assembly, responded with a homely illustration.
He said it was for the same reason that one poured his tea into
the saucer — ^to permit it to cool off. Bemembering the failures of
pure democracies, the Convention established a republican, repre-
sentative form of government, with frequent elections to the lower
House and terms of service in the Senate that are not too long to '
keep that body reasonably responsible to well-considered, popular
will. The members of the House of Representatives were dis-
tributed according to population. The control of the purse was
left with that House, as it has the sole right to inaugurate revenue
legislation. There was withheld from the executive the power
to plunge the country into all the horrors and miseries of war.
They provided that he could bind the nation by no treaty unless
it was assented to by two-thirds vote of the Senate. While a
veto was given the President it was not absolute but was sub-
ject to be overruled by a two-thirds vote in each House of the
Congress. In many other respects they limited the powers of
public servants. Further enumeration of these checks is xm-
necessary, except that above all they established what Webster
in his great reply to Hayne denominated as the keystone of the
arch, a Supreme Court in which was vested the last and ultimate
decision of all questions arising under the Constitution and the
laws enacted pursuant thereto. We are so accustomed to these
things that we often fail to reflect that many of them were novel
in the world at that time. Even England, the freest of all
nations, had a parliament which in its lower house was in no
sense representative, as a member from Old Samm, with only
two or three electors, had an equal voice with a knight of the
most populous shire in the kingdom ; and in the election of this
house only a fragment of the adult population had a share, large
sections of the free men of England having no vote. The powers
of the Commons were crippled by the absolute veto of an heredi^
166 ADDRESS OF THE PBE8IDENT.
tary house.. Today, after a series of reform acts^ her parliament
is representative and the House of Lords, while it still exists, is
so emasculated that it cannot prevent, except temporarily, the
enactment of laws passed by the Commons. Treaties are now
submitted to Parliament for approval. Since that date there
have grown up the great self-governing Dominions, our intimate
friend and neighbor, Canada, on the north ; Australia, New 2^a-
land, South Africa, each governed by its own laws enacted by its
own parliament, aad in no sense tied to Qreat Britain except
by the bonds of affection and self-interest. And finally Ireland,
whose sons have taken so important a part in governing other
countries, including our own, has the immediate prospect of be-
coming like the other free nations in the British Empire, a self-
governing people. In 17Si France was still an absolute mon-
archy, although it is interesting to recall that its courts had with
indifferent success attempted at times to interpose against
tyranny. Its people were so oppressed that in its revolution —
largely caused, or at least hastened, by the spirit of liberty, re-
flected back from the new world — the pendulum swung so far in
the opposite direction as to produce chaos. This was followed
by the inevitable reaction into a dictatorship, succeeded by two
monarchies, a short-lived republic, a second Empire, and finally
the enduring republic, the glorious deeds of whose liberty-loving
people during the last decade have excited the admiration of the
world. Germany consisted of a large number of petty states,
with an enslaved population under absolute masters, who hired
out their subjects as during our Bevolution, to fight battles in
which they had no concern. After the attempted revolutions of
1848, which were quickly suppressed, Germans of liberal belief
swarmed to America to enjoy our free government. Then for a
score of years the German states devoted themselves under the
leadership of these various sovereigns, to killing each other off,
with the resultant creation of a dominant power in one state, and
the establishment of an empire with a parliament of shadowy
authority. Finally 131 years after our Constitutional Conven-
tion, the Elaiser, as an eminent American expressed it, dropped
his crown and ran, and the occupants of the petty thrones blew
away, like the cards in Alice in Wonderland, and a republic was
established. Its permanency is still to be proved. But all be-
OOBDBNIO A. BEVERA.NOE. 167
Uevers in popular government throughout the world hope that
it may, in spite of all attempts at reaction, maintain itself among
the free nations of the world.
At the end of the eighteenth century, and long after, Italy
was truly termed a geographical expression, but now that beaU"
tifnl land, with its marvelous history, while nominally a mon-
archy, is in fact a self-governing nation, and its blue skies are
over a united people freed from the domination of the stranger.
Poland, then partitioned and destroyed, is now a republic, as is
Bohemia, that land of poetry and music, whose republican con-
stitution was largely drawn in the old city of Philadelphia within
sight of Independence Hall. The Turk had his bloody hand upon
all the lands from Constantinople to Belgrade and the Adriatic.
The Balkan states are now free, governed by their own parlia-
ments, and the Southern Slavs, who were so long under the
domination of the Hapsburgs, are at last reunited with their
blood brothers, the Serbs, under a constitution containing a Bill
of Bights similar to our own. Austria and Hungary have like-
wise discarded the Hapsburgs. Thus Switzerland, that home of
free men for centuries, no longer remains an oasis in a desert of
despotism. Portugal is a republic, and Spain is governed by
its parliament. The Scandinavian countries are genuinely demo-
cratic in fact, and only Russia, of all the autocracies that cursed
the continent at the end of the eighteenth century, is still denied
the benefit of a government resting upon the consent of the
governed. Since 1787 all of the states of Central and South
America have attained their independence, and have modeled
their constitutions largely after that of the United States, and a
number of them have made great economic and social progress.
Even in the far East, Japan now has its parliament functioning
with ever increasing powers, and the great Empire of China, in
which lives nearly a quarter of the human race, has cast out its
foreign monarchs, and chiefly under the leadership of young men
educated in American universities, is painfully, through disorder
and almost chaos, struggling toward the status of a 8elf-goverq|pg
republic. It is a noteworthy fact that its most influential citizen
has within the past few weeks advocated a federal republic
modeled after our own, its ancient provinces to have the same
status as American states. When we thus contemplate the grad-
168 ADDBBSS OF THE PRE8IDSNT.
ual adoption by people of diverse races and historic background
of most of the fundamental principles^ and in many cases the
actual forms^ embodied in the American Constitution^ it would
seem that the j)icture might cause thpse who are seeking its
overthrow or substantial modification^ to hesitate and consider
whether such a remarkable concensus of human opinion should
be disregarded. It is not indelicate for an American to recall
that the marvelous progress of our country, attained through
individual freedom and not based upon its suppression, has excited
the admiration, and in some instances, the envy of the people of
other lands. But, say the critics, it is mere assumption to at-
tribute the tremendous development of the United States to its
constitution and laws. America, they say, possesses an equable
climate, a profusion of minerals, vast forests, and fertile lands.
These blessings, or some of them, were denied to portions of the
older world. But is the suggestion of these critics an answer?
There are other virgin lands with equal or greater natural riches,
endowed in all respects as abundantly as ours. But where can
one point to an expansion and achievement in all lines, both
individual and collective, accompanied by freedom of action and
the resultant human happiness and contentment comparable to
that of America ? The nearest approach is in the great dominions
of that mother land of the English-speaking race whose children
have carried civilization and order into every comer of the earth
where they have planted their flag. But it must be remembered
that in the main the theories of free government of America and
the nations of the British Empire had a common origin. The
germ of our legislative system was the old witenagemot. The
guarantees wrung from a tyrannical monarch at Bunnymede,
the principles for which Hampden stood, the declarations in the
Bill of Rights in 1689, were and are our common heritage. Free
government had in a large measure been enjoyed under the
colonial charters. It was because of the denial to the people of
the Colonies of these fundamentals of free government by an
ar]|^trary king and a parliament partly corrupt and largely sub-
servient, that Americans broke their bonds with the mother
country. Had England then heeded the words of Chatham,
Burke and Pox, the history of the world in the last century and
a half would have been far different. It is a matter for supreme
OOBDBinO A. SBYEEAKOB. 160
gratification that in these latter years^ when the government of
Great Britain has been entrusted to the political heirs of the school
of Fox, that the attitude of the Colonies has been approved by the
people of that great Empire. The attempt made in the eighteenth
century to subject free citizens on this continent to a political
control in which they had no voice, has met with their condem-
nation. Sentiment alike in the free nations of the British Em-
pire and in the XTnited States is now for orderly liberty under
laws made by the people in the exercise of powers only restricted
by the people themselves. It naturally follows that any differences
that may arise from time to time between those nations and ours
will be settled as they have been in the past half century, either
by negotiations or by trial in a legal tribunal, in which impartial
justice will be rendered. The adjustment or settlement of such
disputes by any other method is unthinkable. The wager of
battle will not be revived in such case. The same prophecy may
safely be made as to the future relations between the people of
America and those ancient friends, the citizens of the free repub-
lic of France. The only serious^misunderstandings between that
country and ours arose during the first and second empires.
Those empires have disappeared, and in spite of attempts by un-
friendly propaganda to establish the contrary, we know, and the
world knows, that imperialistic designs on the part of France
disappeared with the last empire. In the harmony between
Great Britain, France and America rests the future peace of the
world. Those who seek to disturb that harmony are the enemies
of mankind. To insure the government of this world by law the
youth of these peoples gave their lives, and today sleep upon
innumerable hillsides from the Channel to the Vosges. Since
the last meeting of this Association, the most significant public
event has been the signing of a treaty between the great maritime
powers, providing for the limitation of naval armaments. It is
a matter of profound satisfaction that this result was achieved
upon the initiative of a distinguished American lawyer, the
Secretary of State, and that his chief coadjutor was the leader of
the American Bar, our dearly loved friend, Elihu Boot. Thus the
great powers have in effect said that in the future any matter of
difference between them shall be settled as private men compose
or litigiite their disagreements, i^^d that there shall be no longer
170 ADDKESS OF THE PBSSIDBNT.
aggressive warfare. Only such naval farce was retained as seemed
necessary to repel attack. This does not mean absolute disarma-
ment. The wise men who conducted the negotiations resulting
in this treaty had vividly before them the memory of the great
war, and realized while they were well disposed to peace and
government by law, there were other people in whom as yet a
like confidence could not be reposed. A proposition of absolute
disarmament either on land or sea, would be like the suggestion
of the dismissal of all the police force and other law enforcement
officers, simply because the great majority of mankind is law-
abiding. Hence tiie proposal of the Secretary of State which
was adopted by the Conference, embodied that element of common
sense and appreciation of possibilities which always moves the
lawyer in advising his client. Until the millennium, account
must be taken, both in international and domestic affairs, of
the wicked and ill-disposed. Beautiful theories evolved from the
easy chairs of dreamers must give way before the practical neces-
sities indicated by human experience. In the eighteenth centary
Diderot, with his great intellect^ conceived a scientific theory of
a state. Catherine of Bussia invited him to St. Petersburg,
where for days he expounded to her his brilliant conceptions. In
the end she said :
M. Diderot, I have listened with the greatest pleasure to all that
your brilliant intelligence has imparted. With all your great principles
(which I understand very well), one could make fine books out very
bad business. You forget in all your plans for reform the difference in
our positions. You only work on paper which endures all things; it
opposes no obstacle either to your imagination or your pen, but I, poor
Empress that I am. work upon the human skin, which is irritable and
ticklish to a very oifferent degree.
It has been the predominating trait of our race that in matters
of law and government it has had the saving grace of common
sense. This led to the limitations in our constitution. Perfec-
tion in this world is unattainable. The best that can be hoped
is an approximation to the perfect. A government in which all
legislation will be wise and all administration perfect is far be-
yond the possibility of human kind. The making and executi«n
of laws and the administration of justice are all subject to human
imperfections and human limitations. That any system may be
and will be improved as defects are made apparent, is sure, so
long as the best informed and most patriotic are in control. In
COBDENIO A. SEVERAKOE. 171
civilized nations^ gov^nment and the laws and the interpretar
tion of the laws are not static. Conditions change^ and with these
changes new applications of old fundamental conceptions and
rules must be made. This is an orderly evolution. Its most
conspicuous example, perhaps, lies in the growth of the common
law, and in the application of fundamental doctrines embodied in
our constitution to the changing conditions of modem life. As
said by the great jurist who announced the opinion of the
Supreme Court in the Debs case:
Constitutional provisions do not change, but their operation extends
to new matters as the modes of business and the habits of life of the
people vary with each succeeding year.
Far different from this are the revolutionary demands of the
mere theorist. Because of some minor failure he does not hesitate
to denounce principles of law and government evolved from the
best thought of human kind and tested by experience. The
ancient landmarks he disregards. The value of human ambition
which has lead to human achievement is discarded by the disciples
of a certain school of political philosophy. The incentive of the
hope of personal success, which history has shown to be absolutely
essential in the development of the world, means nothing to them.
The fact that men will not labor with diligence unless they can en-
joy the fruits of their toil, is ignored by those who preach commun-
ism and denounce the exaltation of the individual. They forget
that the selfishness which would take from the industrious that
which he has achieved, for distribution among the whole, is far
greater than the selfishness of the man who seeks to possess a
bit of land for the exclusive use of himself and his family. The
old doctrine that the Englishman's home is his castle means
more than that it shall not be invaded by governmental processes.
Behind and beyond that, it signifies that there is something that
is sacred to him and his wife and children, because he has attained
it. This does not at all imply that there are no limitations to
the right to property or to the power its possession may give.
Again, we have in the law the interposition of the same doctrine
of reason and common sense. While a citizen may have that
which is his, he may not so use it as to injure his neighbor. To
cite a familiar example: Freedom of commerce throughout our
country was one of the impelling causes for the adoption of our
172 ADDRESS OF THB PBE8IDBNT.
constitution.' In Gibbons against Ogden, the Supreme Court
preserved this right from impairment. In modem days, when
transportation is so largely conducted by rail^ no new principle of
law was required to authorize the establishment by the govern-
ment of fair^ non-discriminatory rates and charges. This is
nothing more than the application of the old regulations fixing
the fares of the watermen on the Thames^ but the right of the
owner to possess his property in the railroads, and to protection
against fixing rates at so low a figure as to result in confiscation,
is preserved. In this way abuses that existed in the early days
of railroading through which* one locality was destroyed and an-
other built up, or one shipper was prevented from conducting
lawful competition against another by discriminatory rate^ have
been prevented, and no constitutional or laMrful rights have been
impinged upon. The community is given the advantage of the
efforts of the managers of competitive railways to improve their
service, and the latter have the incentive of personal success to
incite them to their best efforts in serving the public. "Unlees the
rates are inordinately high, excellence of service is ordinarily
more important than the amount of the charges. Experience in
Europe and America alike has demonstrated the futility of
expecting such service when this element of personal ambition
on the part of the operators of these systems, is withdrawn, and
competitive conditions destroyed, as is the case under govern-
mental operation.
It is unnecessary to enlarge upon the innumerable instances
in which our Constitution has been found adapted to new situa-
tions and to conditions in modem life which were undreamed of
by its makers without in any way striking down the philosophic
conceptions upon which it is based, or impairment of individual
achievement. The steamboat, the railroad, the telegraph, tho
telephone, the pipe line have come, and the powers granted to the
federal government with all their limitations, have been found
ample and sufficient for their proper regulation. The airplane is
with us, and laws governing its use are in process of development,
as they are in the case of the still later radio. All this has been
accomplished without the repression of genius or undue interfer-
ence with personal freedom. With a like recognition of individual
rights which are often directly affected by a correct distribution
COBDBNIO A. 8SVEBAN0E. 173
and balance of jurisdictions^ after infinite debate and repeated
judicial decisions^ the fundamental principles differentiating be-
tween the powers of the federal government and those of the
states are fairly well established. This delimination of the line
between federal and state authority has been worked out by our
great court of last resort^ save only as to the single question of
the right of a state to secede from the union^ which compelled a
resort to the arbitrament of arms. The result of that fratricidal
war was to settle forever the perpetuity of our union^ and the
supremacy of our constitution. The scars of that conflict have
long since healed. The bitterness it engendered has been wiped
away^ and in the gallant armies that threw back across the Marne
at Chateau Thierry the hosts of autocracy^ and who, step by step,
drove out the invader in those days of carnage in the Argonne,
there was no distinction either in gallantry or patriotism be^
tween the sons and grandsons of the men who in the last century
marched under the Stars and Bars, and those who followed the
Stars and Stripes.
This great charter, having shown itself strong enough to with-
stand the shock of wars, external and internal, and having stood
over our people as a shield and protection in time of peace, while
we have grown from a nation of three millions living adjacent
to the Atlantic seaboard, to one of one hundred and ten millions,
stretching from ocean to ocean, and taking in the islands of the
sea, it would seem as though debate as to its value should have
been concluded. 3ut the very guarantees of a free press and free
speech, with the opportunity thus given for criticism by men of
varying convictions or desires, makes its preservation a matter
of solicitude and constant concern to the patriot and lover of hi.«<
country. But aside from direct attack by the dissatisfied, the
wanton or the vicious, which will be discussed later, there have
grown up tendencies of thought, which, unless averted, may
destroy the true balance between the rights of the states and those
of the federal government, and at the same time weaken individ-
ual morale by breeding a reliance upon government in the place
of the personal self-dependence of the citizens which has been the
mainspring of our national development. Owing to our vast
expansion and the intimate inter-communication between states
and the right of the citizens of the several states to equal privi-
174 ADDRESS OF TKB PBJBSIDSNT.
leges in each of the other states the natural result has been to
eliminate state lines in many ways. It could not well be other*
wise^ and the framers of the constitution so intended. Our
transportation systems^ many of them reaching half way across
the continent^ carrying principally a conmierce interstate in char-
acter^ must necessarily^ if regulation is to be effective, be in the
main^ under the control of the union. The great industrial con-
cerns of the country, whose trade is nationwide, and whose un-
checked power would tend to subvert the liberties of the people,
must be subject to like control, for the protection of the people
of all states alike ; but we are too apt to forget that there is a vast
field in which the public interest requires that there shall be no
substitution of federal for local supervision or legislation, and fur-
ther, that in the absence of a clear necessity, there should be no
interposition by either. Following great wars there is; as compared
with normal times, always a tendency to an expansion of govern-
mental power, with the resultant increased interference with the
freedom of the individual. It has been markedly the case since
the World War, The mobilization of men and money with the
necessary temporary legislation increasing the powers of the
executive and minimizing for the time the personal rights of the
citizen, produces an abnormal condition of the public mind. In
ancient days, when autocracy was the rule, war was the usual
state. To a free people in modern days, war is abhorrent. It is
appealed to as the last resort only for the purpose of bringing a
just peace and the individual comfort and well-being that are the
concomitants of peace. When the emergency passes with the
ending of the war, there should be a speedy reversion to peace-
time conditions. While war is in progress everything is sub-
ordinated to the one purpose of a speedy victory for our armies.
At the call of the nation men offer up their lives for its preserva-
tion. The people submit to having their food, their clothing,
the sales of their products and an infinite number of other matters
controlled by government. The intimate connection with govern-
ment thus established has a reflex action in causing the people to
lose their self-dependence and to look to the federal government
for things which, in a normal state of peace, are entirely of
state or individual concern. The President and the Congress are
asked to interfere in purely local matters; the federal treasury
OOBDBNIO A. BSVBBANOB. 175
is raided^ or attempted to be raided in the interest of things in
no way national in character. Federal aid in money is demanded
to supplement funds voted by the states for improvements or to
pay the cost of state activities. Groups of people even seek this
aid in support of enterprises which are in effect individual. The
congressman or senator is looked upon as successful or otherwise
in the measure that he is able to secure appropriations benefiting
only the whole or part of his immediate constituency. Legisla-
tion sometimes degenerates into a race between the members to
see who can secure the most. In this way taxes that are imposed
for the general benefit are many times directly or indirectly di-
verted to private use. The tax-payer in one state is compelled to
bear a part of the burdens of some distant part of the country in
which neither the nation nor he himself has any but the most re^
mote interest. All this tends to breed extravagance. People who
scan their tax bills are apt to insist upon economy in public expen-
ditures which are in the charge of local officials and to bring pres-
sure to produce economical administration. But they seem to
feel that these supplemental funds so secured from the general
government in Washington are like manna from Heaven, for-
getting that they represent the fruits of tiie labors of their fellow-
citizens. This so-called federal aid turned over by the general
government to the states without any control as to its expenditure,
has already amounted to hundreds of millions of dollars a year.
Even that, however, is preferable to the establishment of addi-
tional bureaus at the seat of government with thousands of em-
ployees and inspectors to oversee the expenditure of these funds.
Public opinion should be built up to check these constant raids
upon the federal treasury. The courts are powerless in the
matter, and the only remedy is in the development of a sound
public sentiment in the direction of local and individual self-
reliance. Neither communities nor citizens should stand like
beggars, hat in hand, asking alms from Washington. There had
also developed both before the World War and in a more marked
degree since, a movement for the establishment of bureaus and
commissions not only in the federal government, but in the
various states, which are given greater or less powers of interfer-
ence with the freedom of action of individuals, and in some cases
tend to make them more dependent upon the aid of the govern-
176 ADDRBSS OF THB PBB8IDBNT.
ment or the state> and less upon their own exertions. With the
increasing complexity of our civilization^ some of these commis-
sions art suitable, proper and necessary, and if conducted with
due regard to constitutional rights, are valuable, but in many
instances they are distinctly mischievous, and improperly hamper
private initiative. They create an enormous roll of ofiBcers and
employees supported at public expense. In certain cases, while
there is a reasonable excuse for their exiatence, the advantage
flowing from the exercise of their functions is of far less value
than their cost, even leaving to one side their unfortunate effect
upon public morale. It is as true now as when it was first uttered
that the people are governed best who are governed least. This
country has not grown to be the greatest, most powerful and
happiest in the world through the activities of boards or bureaus,
but only through the efforts and genius of its virile, strong and
intelligent people, with the assurance given by the constitution
that they shall enjoy the results of their labor. We have made
this marvelous progress by respecting the rights of the individual
recited in the Declaration of Independence. If we do not check
the tendency to set up a bureaucratic government, centering in
Washington, we invite disaster. The United States is not, as
was asserted of the late Oerman Empire, an entity free from
moral or other restraints over, above and apart from the people,
but it is a composite of the people themfielves. Its powers are not
unlimited. The Oovemment possesses only those from which the
people parted for the general welfare, and its activities should
be confined within the narrow limits consistent with the per-
formance of proper governmental duties. The wise men who
wrote the constitution did not intend to place the citizen in lead-
ing strings. The government is the servant of the people. It is
instituted not to suppress, but to render certain their liberties.
The constitutions, both federal and state, are full of provisions
setting bounds to what their respective legislatures may do. In
spite of these limitations, the growth of the so-called police power
in these later days is a matter of profound concern to all lovers of
our country. If legislators are permitted to run riot under the
pretended exercise of this power, the constitutional guarantees
for the protection of liberty and property will be destroyed. If
contracts between individuals truly private in character can be
OOBDBNIO A. SBVBBANCB. 177
rendered valueless by the fiat of a bare majority of a legislative
body^ under the plea of emergency or necessity, and i| the legisla-
ture is permitted to be the unhampered judge of the existence
of such necessity or emergency, what becomes of the constitutional
provision rendering such contracts immune from legislative at-
tack ? If a legislature can by a simple resolution declare that a
business or occupation never before deemed to be affected with
a public interest and thus subject to regulation, is in fact so
affected, what limits are there to what it may do? The enlarge-
ment of the scope of the police power in recent years has gone far
in the direction of a communistic state. That this has not been
intended in general, either by legislatures or courts, is imdoubted.
But that its effect has been toward that result is likewise beyond
reasonable dispute. Borne was not built in a day, and a constitu-
tion can be overthrown in time as surely by gradual encroach-
ments as by sudden revolution. Every undue weakening of its
inhibitions prohibiting the invasion of the rights of the indi-
vidual,* is a step towards state supremacy, and each piece of
legislation of this character forms a precedent for another. If
we believe in the principles upon which our government was
founded^ we should scrutinize with jealous care new proposals
which affect the liberty of personal action, to see whether they
square with the ancient doctrines voiced by our fathers in the
constitution. The exposition and enforcement of these limita-
tions^ whenever they are exceeded, is the function of the judiciary.
Therefore judges must not only have character and lofty ethical
views, but they must have learning, not only in what may be
termed the technique of the legal profession, but a broad educa-
tion in the history and great fundamental principles of govern-
ment. They should be informed as to the theories upon ^ich the
states of antiquity were based, and be enlightened as to the ele-
ments which gave strength and the weaknesses which led to
downfall. They should have a thorough knowledge of the growth
of constitutional law in England and the American Colonies
previous to our revolution; — all this and more should be the
equipment of our judiciary so that they may know 'from the
results of human experience, the value of and the necessity for
the maintenance of the great safeguards embraced in our constitu-
tion and the amendments, setting bounds to the action of the
i
178 ADDRESS 01* THE PBBBIDBNT.
(^Bcials of the states and the nation. Only with this thorough
training are they fitted to apply to concrete cases as they arise,
the protection secured to ns by the great charter of onr liberties.
The Bench is recruited from the Bar; an ill educated and unin-
formed Bar thus necessarily must result in an ill-equipped Bench.
It was not to enable lawyers to make more money by intelligently
practicing their profession^ that this Association and its co-ordi-
nated bodies^ the state and local associations, adopted the resolu-
tions with which you are all familiar, looking to a better
preparation for the practice of the law. Such incentive would
have been imworthy of the Bar, and would have done violence to
its honorable traditions. The reason lay far deeper than that. It
was to enable the Bar and Bench to administer with wisdom and
intelligence American justice between man and man, and between
the citizen and the state. More and more such administration
involves the application of the provisions of our constitution.
This fact was recognized a third of a century ago by Mr. Justice
Miller, who in one of his masterly lectures said :
The importance of a thorough knowledge of constitutional law to
those who propose hereafter to practice the profession of the law in
this country, can hardly be exaggerated The time has come
when the Constitution and laws of the United States are not the mere
theoretical object of the thou^ts of the statesman, the lawyer or the
man of afifairs; for the operations of its government now reach to the
recesses of every man's business, and force themselves upon every man's
thoughts.
In times of unrest and loose thinking, such as we are going
through at present, the clear definition and enunciation of these
principles as they come to be applied from day to day, are of the
highest importance. The judges must not only have the firmness
to state with definiteness and certainty that the individual rights
of the citizen may not be encroached upon either by the executive
or by a temporary majority in a congress or a legislature; that all
the checks and balances between the departments of the federal
government, between the union and the states, and between both
these governments and the people must be preserved in their
integrity) but in addition they must be possessed of the learning
to make clear the reasons for their conclusions. Those to whom
these restraints are irksome and who believe in a parliamentary
form of government with unlimited powers, recognize clearly that
OOBDBNIO A. SBVERAKOB. 179
their easiest method of attack is to assail the power of the courts.
In 1821 Chief Justice Marshall said :
An attack upon the judiciary is in fact an attack up(m the union.
The judicial department is well imdestood to be that throiigh which
the government may be attacked most successfully because it is without
patronage, and, of course, without power.' And it is equally well under-
stood that every subtraction from its jurisdiction is a vital wound to the
government itself. The attack upon it, therefore, is a masked battery
aimed at the government itself.
In the earlier days of the republic the exercise of its proper
jurisdiction by the Supreme Court called forth heated denuncia-
tions by executives and legislators, whose activities it sought to
restrain within the limits prescribed for them. At least two
presidents of the United States refused to follow its decisions.
Politicians and newspapers assailed the great tribunal, but serene
and confident in the conclusiveness of their reasoning, Marshall,
Story and their colleagues went their way, and unaffected by
popular clamor, did their duty. Mr. Justice Story in the Dart^
mouth College case, said :
It is not for the judges to listen to the voice of persuasive eloquence
or popular appeal. We have nothing to do but pronounce the law as
we find it, and having done this, our justification must be left to the
impartial judgment of our country.
After the passions and controversies of the hour had passed,
this impartial judgment was rendered, and these great judges took
their place among the immortals.
In all of Shakespeare there is no more splendid passage than
that describing the meeting between the old Chief Justice of
England and the young King, who in his lawless youth had been
committed for contempt for striking the judge when upon the
Bench. The Chief Justice said in his justification :
Your Highness pleased* to foiiget my place.
The majesty and power of law and justice.
The image of the King whom I presented.
And struck me in my very seat of judgment;
Whereon, as an offender to your father,
I gave bold way to my authority
And did commit you.
The king replied :
You are right, justice, and you weish this well;
Therefore still bear the balance andthe sword;
.... You did commit me
For which I do commit into your hand
The unstain'd sword that you have used to bear,
With this remembrance, Uiat you use the same
With the Uke bold, just, and impartial spirit.
As you have done 'gainst me.
180 ADDRESS OF THE FBBSIDBNT.
We have no kingly office, but the judges represent the words
and the spirit of our constitution, and have, with rare exceptions,
enforced them with a ^' bold, just and impartial spirit,'' and for
this they pire held in honor by the good men and women of our
country whose liberties they have preserved. Nevertheless, we
have lately seen a renewal in certain quarters of these attacks
upon the judiciary. Large bodies of men have resented their
judgments when adverse to their contentions, and in some cases
by formal resolutions have stated that they would determine for
themselves the constitutionality of laws and would not regard
themselves as bound by the decisions of the courts in that respect.
There have been widespread complaints against and attempts at
times successful, to limit by legislation the jurisdiction of the
courts in affording protection 'Against the invasion of personal
rights. In an address delivereu before the American Federation
of Labor on Flag Day, a senator of the United States denounced
the action of the Supreme Court in holding acts of the CoQgress
and of state legislatures unconstitutional as pure usurpation
and the exercise of a power not granted by the constitution. He
later repeated this address upon the floor of the Senate. He
termed the judges a " judicial oligarchy.''
And said :
The time has come when we must put the axe to the root of this
monstrous growth upon the body of our government. The usurped
power of the federal courts must Se taken away, and the federal juoges
must be made responsible to the public will.
He further said :
What I propose is that Congrees shall be enabled to override this
usurped judicial veto, and to declare finally the public policy, just as
it has the power to override the 'Presidential veto so that we may
realize in fact the fundamental purpose of the Constitution as declared
in Article 1, Section 1, " that all lei^islative powers herein granted shall
be vested in a Congress of the United States which shall consist of a
Senate and House o? Representatives."
His remedy was a proposed constitutional amendment to read
as follows :
That no inferior federal judge shall set aside a law of Congress on
the ground that it is unconstitutional. That if the Supreme Court
assumes to decide any law unconstitutional, or by interpretation under-
takes to assert a public policy at variance with the statutory declaration
of Congress, whidi alone under our system is authorized to determine
the public policies of government, the Congress may, by repassing
the law, nulUfy the action of the court.
OOBDBNIO ▲. BBYBaiNOB. 181
It will be noted that the senator made two fundamental propo-
sitions : First, that the power exerted by the court in declaring
statutes unconstitutional is a usurped power not granted by the
Constitution of the United States; and second, that Congress
alone under our system has authority to determine the public
policies of government. As I had occasion to point out in a recent
address before one of the state bar associations, we challenge the
correctness of both these statements. That the power is not one
that is usurped is clear. It had been exercised by the courts of
Massachusetts, New York, Virginia and North Carolina as to
statutes in derogation of provisions of their respective constitu-
tions before the federal constitution was adopted. There can be
no question that these decisicms were within the knowledge of the
members of the federal convention, as was the fact that it bad
been recognized by the Continental Congress, which, by resolution
requested the courts of law and equity of the states to decide and
adjudge according to the treaty of peace between the United
States and Great Britain, anything in acts or parts of acts of
the legislatures of the states to the contrary notwithstanding.
In the notes of the Constitutional Convention it appears, from
remarks of numerous members, that it was contemplated that
such power should be exercised by the federal courts, and its
necessity was fully appreciated. Madison said in the convention
that he
considered the difTerence between a system founded on the legidatxirea
only, and one founded on the people, to be the true difference between a
league or treaty, and a constitution A law violatins a
treaty ratified by a pre-existing law might be ^'espected by the judges
as a law, though an unwise ana perfidious one. A law violating a con-
stitution established by the people themselves would be considered
by the judges as null and void.
In the Pennsylvania Convention called to ratify the constitu-
tion, James Wilson, afterwards Justice of the Supreme Court,
said:
I had occasion on a former day to state that the power of the Con-
stitution was paramount to the power of the legislature acting under
that Constitution, for it is possible that the legislature enacting in that
capacity may tranagress the bounds assigned to it, sikI an act may pass
through the usual mode, notwithstanding that tranqgression ^ but when it
comes to be discussed before the judges— when they consider itf prin-
ciples and find it to be incompatible with the superior power of the
Constitution it is their duty to pronounce it void.
Many similar contemporaneous expressions might be quoted.
182 ADDRESS OF THB PRE6IDBNT.
This power was fully expounded in the Pederalisi. Ouriouflly
it was approved in a letter written by Jefferson to Madison from
Paris on June 20, 1787, while the convention was in session.
The Constitution was thus adopted with the complete knowl-
edge that the judicial power included the duty of sustaining con-
stitutional provisions as against legislation either federal or state
that contravened them. This power was only attacked whto
some years later its exercise ran counter to what was deemed by
individuals or parties desirable in spite of the Constitution.
For many years past, however, the exercise of this jurisdiction
by the courts has met with general acquiescence, and criticisms,
when made, have ordinarily been as to the conclusions of the
courts rather than a denial of their authority.
The second proposition asserted by the senator to the effect
that Congress alone under our system has authority to determine
the public policies of government, is not true without the addi-
tion that such public policies must be determined in obedience
to the limitations in the Constitution. He reads out of Article 1,
Section 1, relating to the legislative powers of Congress the words,
" herein granted," and treats this section as though it read that
"all legislative powers shall be v«sted in the Congress.^' This
fundamental error vitiates his conclusion.
The Congress has no unlimited power of legislation. There
are certain specific matters concerning which it may legislate.
All others are reserved to the states or the people. If the proposed
constitutional amendment should be adopted, not only would
Congress have unlimited right to deal with subjects that have
always been looked upon as belonging to the states and reserved
for their exclusive cognizance, but it could wipe out the Bill of
Bights and all the protection that it gives to the people. Thought-
ful men are impressed with the danger of the growth of federal
power in matters of local concern, even when Congress is acting
within the scope of the present Constitution. The proposal is to
withdraw all guaranties and limitations whatsoever. It is a
matter of real concern that the Federation of Labor in its resolu-
tions passed following this address, approved the proposed amend-
ment and added another resolution to the effect that amendments
to the constitution should be made easier. Such action by the
representatives of so large an organization is symptomatic of a
OORDBNIO A. SBVERAHOB. 183
very serious condition of the public mind. In substance this
proposal is not a mere amendment^ but if adopted would work a
revolution in our system of government. Heretofore the United
States has always been held and considered to be a government
of limited powers. If such an amendment should be adopted^
the powers of the Congress would be unlimited^ and a mere
majority of that body^ composed largely of men not learned in
the law could overthrow all tiie hard-won safeguards of individual
liberty obtained by brave men down through the centuries from
Magna Charta to the day when they were put in lasting form in
the federal and state constitutions.
De Tocqueville, in his " Democracy in America/^ said :
The power of the judiciary to declare a law invalid if it trausceiids
the powers given by the Constitution, is one of the strongest barriers
ever devised against the tyrannies of political assemblies.
It must not be overlooked that the proposed amendment em-
bodies in itself no limitations. It applies even where the viola-
tion of the Constitution is so clear that it is not even arguable.
As it cannot be pretended that the principle involved in the law
so repassed can have any general application^ it follows that each
time a bill in violation of some constitutional limitation became
a law by re^passing it in Congress, it would result in nullifying
such limitation as to a particular subject, leaving it in full vigor
as to all other matters. It involves the abandonm^it of all con-
tinuity of decision upon constitutional questions, and the same
underlying principle might, and probably would, be determined
differently by successive congresses. It amounts to submission of
a proposition to amend the Constitution pro tanto to a vote of the
electors in the various congressional districts where the contest
would be fought out over this and all other pending issues in the
election of members of Congress. It thus possesses even less
virtue than the proposed recall of judicial decisions by direct vote
of the people, which was advocated some years ago by a man who
was dearly loved by his countrymen, and but for whose advocacy
the scheme would have attracted no attention whatever. As it
was, even with the prestige of his great name, it could not stand
discussion and is no longer heard of. It contained no appeal to
the good common sense of America.
While it is inconceivable that such amendment can receive
any substantial support in Congress, or that it could in any event
184 ADDRESS OF THB PBSSIDKNT.
secure the votes of three-fourths of the states^ still the mere fact
that a senator of the United States advances such a proposition
emphasizes the necessity of a wider study of the constitution and
a fuller appreciation by the people, of its value. It is only one
of a series of attacks that are being made upon established insti-
tutions. The state of mind of the world for the last few years has
been revolutionary. People have been restive under any restraint,
no matter how salutary. They have sought change for the sake of
change. There has been a feeling that in some way all inequalities
and unhappiness could be cured by government. While this senti-
ment has made less headway in our free America than in other
lands, it has even here become so widespread that it should be a
matter of serious concern to every patriot.
Recent investigations, both official and unofficial, have demon-
strated the shocking extent to which direct agitation, in part
public, in part secret, against our whole system of government has
gone. Large organizations of inen extending to every industrial
center in America, are at work carrying on an active propaganda
directed to the eventual destruction of our constitution and the
substitution therefor of a government such as has brought chaos
to the great Russian people. The principal leader of one branch
of this movement has recently returned from Moscow, bringing
instructions and aid from the oligarchy which is there in power.
It has been publicly stated by the President of the American
Federation of Labor that this organization so affiliated with Soviet
Russia, has at least a thousand men well supported and com-
pensated, working in the interests of this movement and penetrat-
ing every section of the republic. The speeches made at the Third
Internationale in Russia, which was attended by representatives
from this country, advocated not only open propaganda in other
countries of the world, including our own, but the secret commis-
sion of unlawful acts and the circulation of literature forbidden
by law.
One of the American delegates in a public utterance at Moscow
used this language with reference to the publications of his party
in America :
All the organs of the press (the majority of which at the present
moment are published unaeiground) are under the immediate control of
the directive bodies of the party. All local organisational procedures
OOBDKNIO ▲. SBVESAKOB. 185
are eooidinated with the central organization. Increased and unre-
mitting attention is given to the observance of party discipline.
And agaiB he said :
For the purpose of augmenting the success of propaganda, the o^ter
of gravity of party work was lifted to the plants, mills, and mines.
For that purpose, agents of agitation were appointed wherever there
were memiberB of the party. Tliey were guides in Communist watch*
words and ideas.
Another delegate thus paid his respects to the patriotism of
the American Legion :
The demobilised soldiers (who for the most part did not see the
battle front), under the direction of former officers (sons of various
bankers and rich men), have organised themselves into ** the American
Legion " for the purpose of protecting " the Constitution and free insti-
tutions of America." This last is accomplished by riotous attacks on the
headquarters of Communists and trade-unions and the beating up of
active workmen.
Under extremely difficult conditions the Communists in America have
had to reorganise themselves from half-legal and open organisations into
absolutely imderground organisations.
Three delegates united in publishing a report of the American
Communist partj^ and in this pronunciamento occurs the
following:
The class-conscious workers of America more and more turn toward
^ou. fellow workers of Soviet Russia. Your example is to them a lesson ^
m the revolutionary struggle, for which American bourgeois d&noonay
and the working class oiAmerica are both organizing and jireparing.
.... They expect that the 2nd Congress ol the Communist Inter-
national will <*«tahliwh the general stafif of the world revolution. Long
hve Soviet Russia 1 Long live the Dictatcnrsftiip of the Proletariat!
Long Uve the III International I
The secretary of the Communist party of America published a
statement in which^ among other things, he said :
"My" countiy, America, formerly the most progresnve country in
the world, has now become the most reactionary; the impending Ameri-
can revolution will be more cruel and severe than the revolutions in
Russia and Crermany.
These expressions are, of course, those of extremists. They
and their associates now comprise a very small percentage of the
people of this country. But in addition to the so-called under-
ground publications, the book stalls on the street comers in our
cities are coTered with literature written and published to stir
up hatred, produce discontent, and in many cases, in a more or
less blind and furtive way, incite to violence. One publishing
house alone advertises an output of many thousands of books and
pamphlets per day, the greater part of which are of this character.
186 ADDRB8S OF THE PBBSIBBNT.
The influ^ice of such publications^ especially upon immature
minds, is necessarily tremendous. Influenced, no doubt, by such
vicious teachings, sabotage has largely increased and the law
has been flouted by bands of men in different parts of the coun-
try at times of industrial troubles. To a large extent these
propagandists are foreign bom, although with shame it must be
confessed that many of them were bom and reared under the free
institutions of America. The Chairman of the Executive Council
of the National Civic Federation in a pamphlet published as
late as June 24th, of the present year said :
A committee of The National Civic Fe^ieration^ which has spent two
years studying the revolutionary movements in this country, was greatly
disturbed to find the extent to which they have penetrated aU groups
making up our national life. Not the least disquieting feature of the
situation is the fact that so many men in high places have little realiza^
tion of what is going on about them. For instance, it was learned that,
under the veiy dome of the Capitol at Washington, there was an organi-
zation made up of a hundred and fifty secretaries to senators and repre-
sentatives which was completely in the hands of the Reds. It had been
in existence for two years, holding its meetings in the caucus room of
the House, and yet few persons, even in Washington, had ever heard
of it. But Moscow and the Red " liberal " press of all nations had heard
of it and knew and exploited the fact that the ** U. S. Congress Jr." had
voted in favor of the recognition of Soviet Russia.
Innumerable instances of a similar nature and equally disturbing in
churches, colleges, social reform and other agencies have been cited by
the committee, all i^owing the same widespread ignorance on the part
of public' men and women with r^ard to the pernicious activities of
these subversive elements. This is all the more significant when it is
realised the the governing bodies of such institutions are generally
from the rank of our most successful business men.
In so far as this literature does not incite to violence or revolu-
tion, where it does not proceed beyond the limits of permissible
debate, its authors are protected by the guaranty of a free press
vouchsafed to them by the very constitution they are seeking to
destroy. When they go beyond that limit, it is the duty of every
lover of his country to uphold the hands of our government
officials, and see that such activities are punished to the full
extent of the law, and that such agitators as are foreign born be
deported to the place from whence they came. But these remedies
are not enough. From the foundation of our government our
doors have been freely open to the nations of all Europe. In the
early days we were the only important state contending for the
privilege of a change of allegiance. Our second war with Great
Britain very largely grew out of contentions over that question.
OOBDSNIO A. SEYBBANQB. 187
We have latterly placed some restriction upon the right to come
to our shores, but these Jrestrictions operate more efficiently to
control the quantity than the quality of the immigrant. We have
been too careless of the priceless value of our heritage. We have
too freely received into our citizenship without investigation^
men whose chief mission has been to plot and agitate against the
free institutions xmder which they have enjoyed liberty and oppor-
tunity such as were undreamed of in the lands of their birth. We
have unloaded and turned loose in America great numbers of
men whose departure from their native land was for their coun-
try's good. This must end. The inquiry into the fitness of a
man to become a citizen of this republic, should begin before, not
after, he comes here. It should not be a perfunctory inquiry, but
as thorough as humanly possible. Our government should know
the type of person who presents himself as a self-invited guest
in our house. We still have room for the honest, industrious and
law-loving from other lands. We have no place for any other. ,
Forty years ago a great American poet wrote these words :
Oh Liberty, white Goddess I Is it well
To leave the gates unguarded? On thy breast
Fold Sorrow's children, soothe the hurts of fate,
Lift the down-trodden, but with hands of steel
Stay those who to thv sacred portals come
To waste the gifts of freedom. Have a care
Lest from thy brow the clustered stars be torn
And trampled in the dust. For so of old
The thronging Goth and Vandal trampled Rome,
And where the temples of the Csesars stood
The lean wolf unmolested made her lair.
But mere prosecutions, supervision of immigration and depor-
tation of the imfit will not solve the question.
The agitator who keeps himself immime from prosecution by
confining his attacks upon our institutions to stirring up discon-
tent, arraying men against their fellow citizens, assailing the law
and its ministers and denouncing the limitations of our constitu-
tion, may, in many cases do more harm than the anarchist, the
very violence of whose teachings usually repels rather than con-
vinces. Such men are the curbstone orators, the parlor socialists
and the like. They are continually at work; they always have
abimdant time. All that can be said and all that can be done by
these apostles of destruction will go for naught if the conscience
and intelligence of America ia aroused to the danger. A people
188 ABDRBSS OF THB PBIKIDBNT.
who^ in spite of racial origin^ were so fused into one in the terrible
crucible of war when assailed from without, will not, il awakened,
permit either the destruction or the diminution of that freedom
our fathers won. The laws we have must be respected. Impartial
justice must be rendered in our courts. It must be made clear
that personal ideas of government are no excuse for crime and
that all the power of the states and the nation will be used to
insure the constitutional right of law-abiding people to live and
work in peace and security. But beyond all this, the assailant
of our free institutions must not go imanswered. The vast influ-
ence of the American Bar should be massed against this challenge
to civilization. In co-operation and harmony with other patriotic
organizations we should inaugurate and carry on a nation-wide
movement to the end that the men and women of our generation
and the youth of the coming generation be shown the value of that
liberty under the law which our forefathers established. Upon
the rostrum, in the press, and above all, in our schools of every
grade, our people should be taught that our constitution and
laws and the courts that interpret them do not destroy but pre-
serve their liberties. Misconceptions caused by lawless agitators
should be corrected. Ill-considered prejudice must be made to
give way to reason. It should be emphasized that in our free land
with its laws made by the people and for the people there is no
place for so-called class consciousness, and that we will tolerate
no government by classes ; that universal suffrage entails universal
responsibility. By bringing home these fundamental truths we
shall be f aithfiQ to our oaths to support our incomparable Consti-
tution, and will make certain that without impairment it will in
the future, as in the past, guard and save the freedom of all our
people.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE LAW OF WATERS IN
THE WEST.
BY
LUCIEN SHAW,
CHIEF JUBTIGB OF CAUFOBNIA.
It is necessary to define and limit the subject of this address.
The region known as the West is frequently understood to
include all the territory west of the Allegheny Mountains.
This embraces at least twenty*three states, each haying laws on
nearly every subject relating to land that are in soni« respects
different from those of the others. The part of it which was
acquired from Mexico in 1848 by the treaty of Guadalupe
Hidalgo is divided into five states, not including parts of
Colorado and Wyonung, and each of these also have laws on the
subject that differ from the others in some particulars. I am
not familiar with the details of these laws in any of the states
except California. It was the state first created out of the
Mexican acquisition and in it the law of waters first became
important enough to be the subject of judicial decision. The
laws of the neighboring states have generally followed the course
of dedsion in California. I shall, therefore, confine myself to
the discussion of the law of waters in California.
The development of that law in California is a part of the
history of the development and growth of the state. The first
industry pursued here, that of placer mining, required the liberal
use of water to separate the gold from the soil, sand and gravel
in which it was embedded. It was confined* to the mining re-
gions. The later and more widespread industry of agriculture
required still larger quantities of water to grow the annual crops,
trees and vines to which the climate and soil were so well adapted.
The recent use of water to produce electrical energy adds
another valuable use to that element. The increase in popula-
tion and the corresponding increase in these various industries
have produced a demand for water which it has taxed all possible
sources to supply. The controversies arising from these condi-
(180)
190 LAW OP WATBES IN THB WEST.
tions have been taken to the courts and have compelled decisions
upon various phases of the law of waters. Our reports contain
more decisions on that subject than on any other.
In determining this law the courts have had to take into
consideration the different purposes for which water is used, the
various methods of applying and diverting it, and the different
sources from which the water can be obtained^ The subjects of
the decisions on water law may be classified as follows : 1. The
use of water for mining purposes on government land, giving
rise to a peculiar phase of the development of the law, which
terminated at the close of the Civil War and with the passage
of the act of Congress in 1866, presently to be described; 2. The
use of water for the irrigation of land, and its diversion from
streams on land in private ownership ; 3. The extraction and use
of the subterranean supplies of water. Another uese has recently
begun; the inipounding of water in reservoirs for the double pur-
pose of producing electrical energy and conserving the run-off
during the rainy season and while the mountain snows are
melting, for use in irrigation after it has passed through the
power plants. The law with regard to this use, in so far as it
may require any modification of settled rules, is now in process
of development and it does not come within the scope of a paper
devoted to the past. The first subject to be discussed, therefore,
is the law regarding the use of water in the mining regions
during the first sixteen years after the settlement of the state in
1849.
No more spectacular migration of human beings was ever
known in history than that of 1849 from all parts of the world
to the gold-bearing lands of California. They came from
everywhere, but chiefly from the eastern part of the ITnited
States. They found a country different in topography, and in
elimatic conditions, from those from which they came. All
were seeking gold. The only method of obtaining it that was
feasible, under the existing circumstances, was that known as
placer mining. The miners began to arrive in the summer of
1849, and they found the streams very low, many of them dry.
It was only where streams were flowing that they were able
to obtain any satisfactory results from their operations. As
their numbers increased from year to year, the demand for
LUOIBN SHAW. 191
ruiming water in the mining regions became very great. Bights
to take water from the streams soon became very valuable.
Naturally disputes arose concerning such rights.
The conditions were novel to these people. There seemed to
be no owner of the land. It belonged to the United States^ but
the national government had not even surveyed it aad had no
persons in actual control of it. It was all unoccupied. There
was no known law to govern the rights of the persons desiring
to extract the gold from the land and use the water for that
purpose. There. was no government, no law and no authority.
In these circumstances the early adventurers had to form their
own government and frame and enforce their own laws in such
rude fashion as the conditions permitted.
Those who had come from the eastern part of the United States
were in such numbers that they dominated the situation. Be-
longing to the Anglo-Saxon race, being accustomed to conditions
where law and order prevailed, and finding themselves in a
r^on previously uninhabited and without any government, they
followed their natural habits, inclinations and intuitions, and
immediately sought to make local regulations for the preserva-
tion of law and order and for the protection of such rights as
were generally recognized, until a provisional government should
be provided by the United States. Mining districts were formed
and in each of them mining rules were adopted at meetings of
the inhabitants of the territory included in the district. These
rules were generally accepted as law and were enforced by such
informal tribunals as the inhabitants instituted under the ex-
igencies of each. particular occasion. The regulations were not
precisely the same in all districts. Either the different topog-
raphy or the different ideas of the inhabitants of the several
districts caused somewhat different rules to be adopted and
established in different places. Practically no attention what-
ever was given to the subject of the real ownership of the land
on which the miners settled. No person appeared to claim
ownership. If the roving tribes of Indians found in the country
had any sort of possession or claim, the miners gave it no
thought, and they were wholly disregarded. The rights of the
miners were those of the possessor, only, and such possession
7
192 LAW OF WATERS IN THE WEST.
was the sole foundation and evidence of their title to the land
they occupied, to the water they used in mining, and to the
gold which they obtained thereby.
The influx of population was very rapid. According to Mr.
Hittell the persons arriving during the year 1849 numbered one
hundred thousand. He justly adds that a large majority of
them ''were Americans, trained in American schools, imbued
with American principles and included some of the choicest
spirits from every section of the United States.^'* It soon
became evident that a local government of the territory should
be organized. General Bennet Eiley had been appointed pro-
visional governor by the President of the United States. In
pursuance of a proclamation issued by him a convention to
organize a state government met and prepared a constitution
which was ratified by popular vote on November 13, 1849. The
actual admission into the union did not take place until Septem-
ber 9, 1850, but the new state government, without awaiting
federal authority, immediately upon the adoption of the consti-
tution, organized and took control of local governmental affairs.
No territorial government was ever formed for California. The
judicial department provided by the constitution included a
supreme court consisting of a chief justice and two associate
justices, all to be elected by the people for a term of six years.
The legislature was empowered at its first meeting to elect the
justices of the court and classify them so that one should go out
of oflSce every two years. Under this authority justices were
elected on December 22, 1849, and they organized as a court in
March, 1850.
Prior to the treaty with Mexico in 1848, property rights were
governed by Mexican law. After that treaty and until Cali-
fornia was admitted into the union, the law of Mexico continued
in force with respect to private rights of property, except in so
far as it was changed by the public authorities of this country.'
The first volume of our reported cases contains many decisions
applying the Mexican law to past transactions. On April 13,
1850, the legislature enacted a law declaring that the common
* 2 Hittell's Hist, of Cal., p. 700.
'People vs. Folsom, 5 Cal. 379; Wells vs. Stout, 9 Cal. 494.
LUOIBN SHAW^ 193
law of England, so fax as it was in harmony with the state and
federal constitutions, should be the rule of decision in this
state.
The Supreme Court was thereupon confronted with the prob-
lem of determining the rights of contending parties to the use
of the waters of the streams in a coimtry which had been
previously subject to the almost imknown law of Mexico and
which had suddenly been transformed into a country governed
by the common law, where the real owner of the land was for all
practical purposes absent and indifferent, where the people had
come from different countries and were strange to the land, the
climate and to each other, and where the principal source of liti-
gation in regard to the use of water was the conflicting claims
of miners to the waters they were diverting, or claiming the right
to divert, from the streams adjacent to or near their mining
claims.
The common law of England included the doctrine of riparian
rights; a doctrine naturally growing out of the well-known
principles of that law as to the right of private property in
land owned in fee simple. An entry on land without permission
of such owner, whatever the motive or purpose, was a trespass at
common law, and the owner had the right to prevent it by such
force as was necessary to accomplish that purpose. Conse-
quently, except with respect to navigable streams, the several
owners of the lands bordering upon the streams were, under that
law, the only persons who could have or enjoy the use of the
water rimning therein, or claim any right thereto, for no other
person could have access to the stream either to take or use the
water. These rules automatically protected the abutting owners
in the exclusive right to the use of the water, and they are the
foundation of the riparian right. But in this strange country
the owner of the land, apparently by design, remained absent
and refrained from interfering with the possession of the land
by the miners, or with the use of the waters thereof. The
disputes were all raised by persons who had no real ownership
in the water which they were using, and of which, by virtue
of that use, they claimed to be in possession, and the real owner
was not brought into the controversy. The problem of the
court was therefore directed mainly to the best and most appro-
194 LAW OP WATERS IN THE. WEST.
priate application of the general principles of the common law to
the anomalous conditions existing in the mining r^ons, con-
ditions wholly unknown in the countries in which, up to that time,
the common law had been administered. There were no specific
common law rules that had ever been applied in those countries
to the peculiar conditions and controversies existing and arising
in the mining regions of California, and the only recourse was to
its general principles relating to possessory rights.
The right of a person who did own land on a stream, to
divert water therefrom for use on non-riparian land, had re-
ceived little attention and satisfactory authority upon that siib-
ject was wanting. The laws of Mexico on the subject were not
well known and its safeguards for the protection of private
rights, being derived in the main from the arbitrary methods
of the ancient Spanish rule, were not adapted to the habits and
preconceived ideas of Anglo-Saxon races. The rights of pos-
sessors of the land gave comparatively little trouble. In the
first year the court held that the Mexican law and the com-
mon law alike secured to one who was in peaceable possession of
land a right thereto superior to that of any mere intruder or
trespasser and that proof of such possession prior to and at the
time of an intrusion thereon was sufficient to defeat or oust the
intruder.' The question of water rights was naturally more
complex. Three years passed before any disputes over water
reached the Supreme Court. The first case on that subject,
decided in 1853,* was a controversy between two appropriators
for mining purposes. Neither claimed as a riparian owner. The
court nevertheless looked to the common law authorities on
riparian rights and found there the doctrine that the riparian
owner had the right to the reasonable use of the water during its
passage over his land, and no title to the corpus of the water,
and that he could not reclaim the water after it had passed his
boundaries. From these principles it concluded that where a
miner diverted water from one stream and, after using it for
mining purposes, turned it into another stream, he thereby lost
all right to it and could not retake it from the second stream
"Sunol VB, Hepburn, 1 Cal. 260; Woodworth vs. Fulton, 1 Cal. 308;
Brown vs, O'Connor, 1 Cal. 421.
* Eddy V9, Simpson, 3 Cal. 249.
LtTOIBir dHAW. 19S
agamst the will of another miner whose dam waa on the second
stream below the place where the additional water waa turned
into it. This decision was apparently baaed on the idea that
the mert turning of the water into another stream, after having
once used it, was conclusive evidence of abandonment^ and that
it gave one who had prior rights to divert the natural waters
of the latter stream a right to have that artificial increase
continued for his benefit. Five years later this decision was
virtually overruled and it was declared that the prior right to the
use of the natural water of a stream did not entitle the person to
the exclusive use of the channel, and that the bed of the stream
could be used by others as a channel for conducting water
provided that they took out below no more than the quantity
they had added to the stream above, less the loss by evaporation
and seepage/ This has ever since been the established law.
The difficulties encountered by the court in its consideration
of these questions are expressed in some of the opinions. Some
of those expressions are interesting. In the second case on the
subject, decided in January, 1855,* Justice Heydenfelt deliver-
ing the opinion of the court, said: *'In this state the larger
paxt of the territory consists of mineral lands, nearly the whole
of which axe the property of the public,'* and with obvious refer-
ence to the rules and customs of the miners he added :
With the exception of certain state regulations, very limited in their
character, a system has been permitted to grow up by the voluntary
action and assent of the population, whose free and unrestrained occupa-
tion of the mineral region has been tacitly assented to by the one gov-
ernment and heartily encouraged by the. legislative policy of the other.
If there are, as must be admitted, many things connected with this
system, which are crude -and undigested, and subject to fluctuation and
cuspute, there are still some which a universal sense of necessity and
propriety have so firmly fixed as that they have come to be lookea upon
as having the force and effect of res judicata.
In a case decided two years later,* Chief Justice Murray said
that the former decisions in regard to the right to appropriate
water from streams for mining purposes *' have been based upon
the wants of the community and the peculiar condition of things
in this state (for which there is no precedent), rather than
any absolute rule of law governing such cases. The absence of
•Butte, etc. Co. vs, Vaughn, 11 Cal. 151; Hoffman vs. Stone, 7 Cal. 46.
* Irwin vs. Phillips, 5 Cal. 146.
* Hoffman vs. Stone, 7 Cal. 48.
196 LAW OF WATBfiS IN THE WEST.
legislation has devolyed on the courts the necessity of framing
rules for the protection of this great interest^ and in determin-
ing these questions, we have conformed^ as nearly as possible^ to
the analogies of the common law/' Later in the same y^sx, in a
case involving the respective rights of successive appropriators
from the same stream^ and the pollution of the water by the
upper appropriator^ Justice Burnett made a fuller statement
on the subject as follows :
It may be said, with truth, that the judiciaiy of this state, has had
thrown upon it, responsibilities not incurred by the courts of any other
state in the union. In addition to those perplexing cases that must
arise, in the nature of things, and especially in putting into pifustical
operation, a new constitution and a new cocie of statutes, we have had
a large class of cases, unknown in the jurisprudence of our sister states.
The mining interest of the state has grown up under the force of new
and extraordinary circumstances and in the absence of any specific
and certain legislation to guide us. Left without any direct precedent,
as well as without specific legislation, we have been compeUed to apply
to this anomalous state of things the analogies of the common law, and
the more expanded principles of equitable justice. There being no
known ^y8tem existing at the beginning, parties were left without anv
certain guide, and for that reason, have placed themselves in such
conflicting positions that it is impossible to render any decision that will
not produce great injury, not only to the parties immediately con-
nected with the suit, but to large bodies of men, who, though no
formal parties to the record, must be deeply affected by the decision.
No class of cases can arise more difficult of a just solution, or more
distressing in practical result. And the present is one of the most difficult
of that most perplexing class of cases. The business of gold-mining
was not only new to our people; and the cases arising from it, new to
our courts, and without judicial or legislative precedent, either in our
own country or in that from which we nave borrowed our jurisprudence;
but there are intrinsic difficulties in the subject itself, that it is almost
impossible to settle satisfactorily, even by the application to them of
the abstract principles of justice. Yet we are compelled to decide these
cases, because they must be settled in some way, whether we can say
after it is done, that we have given a just decision or not.*
The decision was that the incidental pollution of the water by
the upper appropriator in his mining operations, to the detri-
ment of the lower, one was not an actionable injury. In the
case next following it in that volume of the reports, the decision
was overruled on this point, and Justice Burnett, in concurring
therein, stated that the opinion in the first case ^' should receive
some qualification/' *
During the period preceding the year 1866 large diversions of
water had been made from the streams of the mining regions in
• Bear River Co. vs, York Mining Co., 8 Cal. 332.
' Hill V8, King, 8 Cal. 338.
LUCIBN SHAW. 197
this state, canals many miles in length had been constructed to
carry the water to the place of use or to sell it to the miners
along its course^ great sums of money had been invested and
property had been acquired which was of great value, if the pos-
sessors had a. valid title thereto. This was done in reliance upon
the general understanding of all concerned that the United
States, as the owner of the land, acquiesced in these uses of its
property and would not interfere to take it away from those
who had thus occupied, developed and improved it, or deprive
them of the products of their efforts. As a result of the labors
of the courts under the difficult conditions just referred to a
system of law had been established and waa being administered,
whereby the rights of appropriators of water from the streams
on the public land, as between claimants not in privity with the
riparian owner, were considered and determined in a reasonably
satisfactory manner.
The principles so established during this period may be stated
generally as follows : The waters of these streams on the public
lands of the United States were all subject to appropriation at
any time by any person who proposed to devote the water so
taken to a beneficial use. The miJdng of a diversion with such
intent and for such purpose would vest in the diverter, at
once, the right to use the water. No length of time of such use
was essential to the acquisition of the right. The water was
treated as property having no owner. The rights of the United
States as riparian owner of the abutting lands were completely
ignored. With respect to contending appropriators of\water
from the same stream, he who was first in time was considered
superior in right. Such right vested by relation aa of the time
when the appropriator began the actual work of constructing his
diversion works and ditch for that purpose, provided the work
was done in such a manner as to be visible and to manifest to
others his intent and purpose to prosecute the work to com-
pletion," and provided further, that he did so and actually took
and used the water. The right so obtained was a right to only
so much of the water as was beneficially used. The owner of
such right was entitled at any time to change the place of
"Kelly vs. Natoma W. Co., 6 Cal. 105; Kimball vs, Gearhart, 12
Cal. 27.
IBS LAW OF WATERS IN THE WEST.
diversion or the place of use, if the rights of others were not
impaired thereby. These principles have not been changed by
subsequent decisions.
The existence of riparian rights was recognized by the court
in a few cases where a reference thereto seemed appropriate, or
where the law on that subject illustrated the particular case;
but no case had arisen in which that law was considered as ina-
portant to the decision."
The titles to all this valuable property were not settled by
the decisions of the state court. No statute of limitations would
run against the United States, nor could title by prescription be
acquired against it by any period of adverse possession. The
large interests in property of this character would have been in
great jeopardy, if the federal government had chosen a policy
of hostility to the taking of gold from its lands such as has
since been manifested with respect to the taking of coal and oil.
Fortunately for the miners, and for the development and pro-
gress of the State of California, a diflerent policy was adopted.
On July 26, 1866, Congress enacted a law recognizing the
possession of the miners as lawful, virtually acquiescing in the
previous extraction of gold from the lands of the United States,
and, so far as thes6 lands and the United States were concerned,
sanctioning and declaring lawful the claims to water rights then
acquired or thereafter to be acquired in the streams on the
public lands, provided such claims were of a character which
had been ^'recognized and acknowledged by the local customs,
laws, and the decisions of the courts.^^ " By the supplementary
act of July 9, 1870, it was provided that all homestead and
preemption claims, and all patents granted for public land^
should be subject to rights then or thereafter acquired as speci-
fied in the act of 1866."
By these acts all conflict between the claimants of water
under appropriation from streams on the public land and the
United States as owner of the land bordering on the streams,
was eliminated and terminated, and the danger of interference
with such rights by the federal government was removed.
"Crandall v«. Woods, 8 Cal. 141; Leigh vs. Independent D. Co., 8
Cal. 323.
" 16 U. S. Stats. 218, Sec. 17.
" 16 U. S. Stats. 218, Sec. 17.
LUCIEN SHAW. 199
These acts mark the termination of the first stage of the
development of water law in California. The law as then estab-
lished related almost entirely to the use of water taken from
streams on the public domain for mining purposes. The use of
water for irrigation was of little importance in the mining
regions. The value of the alluyial soils in the large and com-
paratively level valleys of the state for agricultural purposes
was then just beginning to be realized. They had been gener-
ally supposed to be valuable only for grazing and a little later
only for grain farming. In a few places vineyards had been
planted to grow grapes for making wine, and in southern
California irrigation had been practiced to a limited extent for
growing fruit. There had been enough water for the small needs
of this character, and the relative rights thereto of the riparian
owner and the appropriator for use on other lands had not as
yet become important.
About .this time a class of immigrants began to arrive who in-
tended to engage in agriculture. In a few years the value of
water for irrigation, and the necessity of irrigation for the
production of anything except grain became manifest, especially
in the San Joaquin Valley, and in southern California, Henry
Miller and his partner Lux, known as Miller & Lux, had
acquired large bodies of land in Kern County in the San Joaquin
Valley. James B. Haggin and Lloyd Tevis had also acquired a
large area of land in that county. Haggin and Tevis began to
construct canals for taking out the water of Kern River to
irrigate lands not riparian thereto. The lands of Miller & Lux
were lower down and bordered on the stream or on sloughs
diverging from it, and the diversions of Haggin and Tevis
diminished the flow of the water of the stream to the Miller &
Lux lands, on which they had begun to use it to irrigate their
lands for alfalfa and other crops. Along Elings River, the next
important stream emerging from the mountains north of the
Kern, large canals were made and water diverted therein to
non-riparian lands for irrigation, and colonies of fruit farmers
had been established along the canals. The course of the
decisions above mentioned in regard to the rights of appro-
priators, and the long continued practice in the mining regions
of diverting water from the streams without asking leave from
200 LAW OP WATERS IN THE WEST.
the riparian owner, had accustomed the people to the notion that
riparian rights were not important, and the idea had become
prevalent that they were not suited to our conditions and had
therefore ceased to exist. The Civil Code, enacted in 1872, in a
chapter on that subject, had codified some of the rules of law
previously established, regulating the right to appropriate the
water of running streams.^ The last section of the chapter
recognized the existence of riparian rights by the declaration that
''the rights of riparian proprietors are not affected by the
provisions of this title.'' Litigation between the riparian owners
and the appropriators had begun in the coimties of Tulare and
Fresno, over the waters of Kings River, and in the county of
Kern between Haggin and Tevis and others, claiming as ap-
propriators, and Miller & Lux, with others, claiming as riparian
owners. The action between the last mentioned parties was
begun in the year 1879," and the other actions soon afterward.
The importance of the question, the very large interests in-
volved, and the growing demand for water, soon caused the
controversy to develop into a political contest. The great wealth
of the parties to the action in Kern County had tiie effect of
centering the political discussion upon that case. The discovery
that Section 1422 of the Civil Code apparently purported to
preserve the existing but almost forgotten riparian rights, direc-
ted the main political attack to the repeal of that section.
Shortly before the beginning of the political campaign of 1884,
the case of Lux V8, Haggin in Kern County was decided by the
Superior Court of that county in favor of the appropriators,
Haggin and Tevis. Both of the contending parties doubtless
believed that the political aspect of the case was important,
and others throughout the state, especially in other parts of the
San Joaquin Valley and in southern California, were soon
advised of it. The litigants perhaps hoped that the political
agitation might influence the decision of the Supreme Court,
where the case was then pending on appeal. Public- sentiment,
so far as it found expression in 1884, was entirely in favor
of the appropriators. Conventions were held and resolutions
adopted condemning the doctrine of riparian rights and Section
»* Part IV, Title VHI, Sees. 1410-1422.
"* Title Ins. Co. vs. Miller & Lux, 183 Cal. 74.
LUOIBN SHAW. 201
1422. The discuesionB in general indicated that^ in the usual
superficial method of reaching conclusions, the people believed
that the sole foundation of the riparian right was the enact-
ment of that section. An urgent demand was made to elect
members of the legislature pledged to repeal it. The more
absorbing interest of the people in the Presidential election of
that year probably frustrated that effort. At all events, the
legislators then elected, although pressed to act in the matter,
failed to do so and Section 1422 remained on the statute books.
The decision of the Supreme Court in the case of Lux vs.
Haggin was rendered on April 26, 1886.^ There had been
several previous decisions in which the existence of riparian
rights had been declared and in which such rights had been
enforced/^ but there had been no serious dispute on the subject,
the cases had not attracted public attention, and it was not
believed that the court would adhere to the previous rulings
on the principle of stare decisis, especially in view of the general
discussion of the subject in 1884. Probably no case ever came
before the Supreme Court of California that was more fully
argued or in which counsel of greater ability were engaged on
the respective sides. The opinion was exceedingly exhaustive,
covering 176 pages of the printed report. It is the longest
opinion to be found in the decisions of our Supreme Court, and
it elaborately treated every phase of the subject. It declared
that the rights of the riparian owners to the use of the waters
of the abutting stream were paramoimt to the rights of any other
persons thereto; that such rights were parcel of the land and
that any diminution of the stream against the will of the
riparian owner by other persons was an actionable injury. The
question was settled by that case and the riparian rights has
never since been disputed.
If the doctrine of the riparian right had been strictly enforced
in all cases by the abutting land owners, it is obvious that it
would have prevented all use of the waters of streams passing
through lands in private ownership, or any non-riparian land.
The rightful use of such waters on non-riparian land would have
f
"69 Cal. 263 to 439.
'^Creiditon vs. Evans, 53 Cal. 55; Osgood vs. El Dorado W. Mining
Co., 56 Cal. 574; Zimmler vs. San Luis W. Co., 57 Cal. 221; St. Helena
W. Co. vs. Forbes, 62 Cal. 182.
202 LAW OP WATERS IN THB WEST,
been impossible^ for such land owners could not lawfully take
out the water without infringing upon the right of every ripa^
rian owner along the stream to have the water flow as it was
accustomed to flow. The opponents of the doctrine of riparian
rights had pointed out these results with much emphasis and
repetition in the political campaigns prior to the decision in
Lux vs. Haggin, and they are still referred to as evidence that
the doctrine is contrary to a sound public policy in states having
the arid climate of Galifomia. The obvious answer on the ques-
tion of policy is that the objection cox^es too late^ that it should
have been made to the legislature in 1850, prior to the enactment
of the statute adopting the common law. When that was done,
the riparian rights became vested^ and thereupon the much more
important public policy of protecting the right of private
property, because paramount and controlling. This policy is
declared in our constitutions, has been adhered to throughout
our national history, and it is through it that the remarkable
progress and development of the country has been made possible.
Notwithstanding the existence of these vested rights, there
has been a very general use of water on non-riparian land.
This has been made possible by several causes. The most
important and effective cause of a legal nature is the common
law rule, now expressed in Section 1007 of the Civil Code, tfa^
a title by prescription, good against all owners of private
property, may be acquired by adverse occupancy for the period
of limitation which in this state has been flve years. -Other
causes arise from natural conditions. Any person who does not
own land on a stream may obtain access to the water thereof by
purchasing the right to do so from the owner of any parcel of
riparjan land. Usually the banks of the larger streams are so
high that the owner of a small tract cannot bring the water upon
his land, except by a diversion on land above him, to whidi of
course he must have the consent of the owner thereof. Such
owners frequently made little use of the water for irrigation and
were indifferent to Iheir riparian rights therein. Hence they
usually made no objection to a diversion therefrom until five
years had elapsed. The large diversions, almost without excep-
tion^ have been made near the point of emergence of the streams
from the mountains, where land had little value for any purpose.
L0OIBK SHAW. 203
and where the diversion would have little effect on the land near
by and were so far from the land seriously affected thereby that
they provoked no immediate opposition. In these ways and for
these reasons, innumerable prescriptive rights to the use of the
water of streams have been acquired from the riparian owners of
private land, either without objection, or by successful litiga-
tion. As a net result the irrigated land in the state is almost all
non-riparian> and the existence of the riparian right has not
prevented the beneficial use of the greater part of the waters
of the streams.
The dedsicms of water suits for many years following the case
of Lux V8. Haggin have dealt, for the most part, with the law
of adverse possession, the interpretation and application of the
aforesaid chapter of the Civil C!ode, the application of the
principles of these laws to the particular facts presented in each
case, and to definitions of the distinctions between the rights of
riparian owners and the rights of persons claiming only by ap-
propriation and use. Many rules of more or less importance on
these subjects have been established, but they do not essentially
differ from the generally prevailing law on the subject and a
discussion of them is unnecessary.
I now come to the third branch of my subject ; the law relating
to underground waters.
This question first became important in southern California,
by which I mean the region south of the Tehachipi range of
mountains. The influx of population and the demand for
water for irrigation of orchards in that part of the state began
to exhaust the supply from the surface streams more than
thirty years ago and large areas of fertile land still remained
barren for want of water. That country, and in fact all of Cali-
fornia, is interspersed with places which the Spanish call cien-
egas, where in the rainy season of ordinary years, and all the
year round in some of them during years of heavy rainfall, the
surface of the ground has the appearance of a swamp. These are
in reality ancient lakes which in the course of ages have been
filled with the sand, soil, gravel and boulders that have been
carried into them by the mountain torrents, or perhaps in some
cases by glacial action. The loose material of which they are
composed is usually of great depth and is saturated with water.
304 LAW OF WATERS IN THE WEST.
They are natural reservoirs of water. 'The surface streams flow
oyer deep beds of similar material, permeated with water from
the bottom to the level of the surface of the stream, and this
body of underground water, in such cases^ supports the stream
and is necessary to its existence. From these sources it was
possible to obtain a large addition to the supply of water. When
the average amount pumped out of the ground does not exceed
the amount added to it by the average annual rainfall, such
supply is steady and reliable. If it is taken from one of the
underground reservoirs from which no surface stream issued
there is no limit to the amount that could be pumped, except
that it must not exceed the average supply from rainfall. But
if it were taken from the undergroimd water supporting a
stream, it would inevitably diminish the flow of the stream, to
the detriment of those entitled to its use.
The shortage of water and the increasing demand soon induced
the use of piunps to obtain from these sources an additional
supply. At first this was done in a small way with pumps driven
by windmills. The perfection of the gasoline engine and later
the development of electric power, made it possible to obtain a
large supply with sufficient economy of operation to make it
practicable.
The subterranean strata in which these waters lie are com-
posed chiefly of sand and gravel in which the water moves
freely from place to place when impelled by the force of gravity.
Consequently, if water is pumped from a well in such a stratum,
a flow from the adjacent parts would set in at once to fill the
voids thus created. Pumping from one well would sometimes
materially lower the water level in another well a mile distant.
In some places the water in these underground strata came from
higher levels in a layer of sand and gravel overlaid by a striatum
of impervious material, thus creating a pressure which forced the
water to the surface when the dense covering layer was pierced
by a well, and by that means artesian wells would be produced.
The flow from these wells would cease if too many wells were
opened to the same source.
It is not difficult to perceive that these conditions would
naturally cause conflicts of interest in this water supply and
thus engender litigation. The first case of importance that
LUOIBN SHAW. 205
arose concerned the preserration of the flow of water in the
Los Angeles Biver^ which then constituted the sole source of
supply of the City of Los Angeles for the uses of its inhabitants.
A private company proposed to construct tunnels and filtration
galleries in what is practically the bed of that river, the effect
of which would be that, without directly touching the surface
stream or tunnelling immediately under it, the water composing
the stream would seep through the sand and gravel into the
tunnels and the stream would in that manner be wholly diverted
into the tunnels. The process was enjoined by the Superior
Court. The matter was settled and that case did not reach the
Supreme Court. The same question, however, came up in a
later case between the dty and other parties and the Supreme
Court decided that, under the grant to the ancient pueblo of
Los Angeles to which the present city had succeeded," the
right of the city to the water of the river was paramount to that
of the owners of the riparian land along its course, and that
the owner of such land could not lawfully diminish the flow of
the stream by means of excavations in the land adjacent thereto,
although the water was not taken directly from the stream, but
seeped through the loose formation of sand and gravel into the
excavations." This rule has been followed ever since in all
cases where persons having rights in a natural stream were
threatened with injury by the extraction of the percolating
water which sustained and supported the stream in its flow."
The rights to underground waters in the land of different
owners situated over an ancient lake or basin also became a
source of controversy because the pumping of large quantities
of water from one well lowered the water level in other wells in
the same basin. The subject first came before the court in the
year 1902. The question had been growing in importance for
several years before that date. When the decision was first
rendered in November, 1902, it attracted the attention of many
other interested parties. A rehearing was granted for the pur-
pose of allowing further discussion by others having larger in-
terests at stake. Many additional briefs were filed and the
*■ Vemon Lt. Co. V8. Lob Angeles, 106 Cal. 237.
^Lo6 Angeles vs, Pomeroy, 124 Cal. 621.
" McClintock V8. Hudson, 141 Cal. 621 ; Verdugo vs. Verdugo, 152 Cal.
663; Huffner vs, Sawday, 153 Cal. 93.
206 LAW OP WATBR8 IN THB WEST.
final dedBion was not made until November^ 1903. The preyiotiB
opinion was adhered to and approved and a supplemental opinion
was rendered giving additional reasons for the conclusion
reached."
As the doctrine of the case is now regarded as settled, a
statement of it may be of interest. The rights of the owners
of different parcels of land situated over a water supply of that
character^ with respect to each other, and with respect to the use
of the water on the overlying land, are mutual and reciprocal.
They are regarded as persons having different interests in a
common estate in such waters. Each is entitled only to a
reasonable use of such water on such land and may take no
more than his reasonable share for that purpose. None of
them can rightfully take the water and export it from the
basin for use on lands not situated over the common water
bearing stratum, if such taking injures the owners of other
parcels of the overlying lands. In short, the lawful rights of the
several owners of such lands in the waters therein are in almost
all particulars similar to the mutual and reciprocal rights of the
owners of riparian land along the course of an ordinary stream
in the use of its waters. This conclusion was considered neces-
sary to the full development and use of the natural resources of
the state and to the prosperity and general welfare of its people.
The geological formation of the land, its topographical char-
acteristics, and the aridity of the climate produced conditions so
different from those of the countries from which our common law
rules were derived, that the well-known rule that the ownership
of the soil in fee gave absolute title to all beneath the surface,
including such subterranean water supplies," was held unsuitable
to our conditions. In this the court followed the fundamental
principles on which the common law is founded, rather than
the rules for technical application to special subjects adopted
for practical use in the different conditions prevailing in the
countries from which we derive that law. It gave emphasis to
the ancient maxim of the Civil Law, embodied in our Civil Code,
and which is also a part of the common law, that *^when the
*^ Katz V8. Walkinshaw, 141 Cal. 116.
"Hanson vs. Mocue, 42 Cal. 309; Cross va. Kitte, 69 Cal. 222; S. P.
R. R. Co., vs. Dufour, 95 Cal. 617; Gould vs. Eaton, 111 Cal. 644.
LUOIBN SHAW. 207
reason of a rule ceases^ so should the rule itself/' ^ It is a good
example of the elasticity of the common law^ showing its adap-
tation to the varying conditions of human life in countries other
than that of its origin.
This comprises in part the history of the water law in this
state down to the present time. The demand for additional
water and for the economic&l application of the water already in
use continues without abatement and with constantly increas-
ing urgency, because of tixe continuing influz of population and
the large area of land capable of vastly increased production,
when water is applied by artificial means. The next process in
the development of the use of water, the storing of water in
elevated reservoirs in the mountains, I have already mentioned.
I do not believe that the law applicable to this process will
present much difficulty. The legal aspect of these developments
should present no very novel problems. The physical aspect
presents alluring prospects of increasing prosperity and a fertile
field for theoretical speculation, the discussion of which would
be out of place here.
"Section 3510.
THE KANSAS INDUSTRIAL COURT.
BY
F. DUMONT SMITH,
OF XAN8A8*
This Kansaa idea of an Industrial Court seems a little startling
to lawyers at firsts and especially those who have not followed
closely the great and constantly accelerating development of the
police power in the last 50 years.
Of course^ there has always been a police power. The first
police power was in the despotic control of the father, the head of
any family. But that branch of the police power, I regret to say,
is today practically obsolete. And the record of civilized man on
down through the ages is a chronicle of the constant giving up,
the yielding of individual right to the public good; in other words,
what we call the police power.
When the periphery of my private right impinges upon the
periphery of your private right, both become stationary. In
fact, the law of private rights crystallized into practically its
present form, before the time that Blackstone wrote his com-
mentaries in 1768. But, when the periphery of my private right
impinges upon the periphery of the public right, my private right
not only ceases to expand, but it contracts. And that is one
of the most startling of all of the sociological facts of the last 50
years — no matter whether we condemn or approve, the fact exists.
This Industrial Court is tied up with and depends upon the
police power. And before discussing the court, I want to give
you gentlemen a parable, something you probably have not heard
of in a long, long time, if you ever did. I hope you will pardon
the implication that that remark seems to convey, but the fact is
that the lawyers with whom I am acquainted show very slight
traces of early religious training. The parable is this : Bill and
Joe own adjoining farms. And as frequently happens, there is
a dispute over the line fence. And nothing furnishes perhaps a
more acrimonious dispute than a line fence, unless it is a row in
« church. So one day Bill and Joe meet at the fence. Bill has a
shotgun and Joe a club. And when it is over Joe is dead and his
(208)
F. DUMONT SMITH. 209
wife a widow and his children orphans. Bill is sent to peniten-
tiary, and his wife is^ in effect, a widow, and his children orphans.
And after it is all over, after all the bloodshed and sorrow, the
dispute about the line fence remains exactly where it was before.
All the violence has thrown no light upon that dispute.
Let us apply that parable. Bill owns' a factory, or rather,
because he is a capitalist, we ought to call him ^^ William,^^ and
Joe works for him — a great many Joes. The Joes complain that
they are not getting w&ges enough. William says, ^^ I can't pay
you any more. I am not making any money." The Joes think
that William is perhaps lying. He does sometimes. And so they
strike. William closes his factory. Bye and bye he concludes to
open it, he puts a barbed wire fence around it, he imports ^rike
breakers, he hires professional gunmen as guards. Meanwhile,
poverty and hunger and cold invade the little homes of the Joes.
And they get excited, touch off a stick or two of dynamite. Strike-
breakers are killed or maimed. Some of the Joes are killed.
Property having no relation whatever to the strike is destroyed.
The traffic and business of great communities is interrupted or
paralyzed. After a while, the militia are called out. And finally,
when both sides are exhausted, they have an arbitration.
Now, this is the vice of all arbitration, and there is a vast
amount of ignorance about this Industrial Court because people
confuse it with an arbitration. The vice of an arbitration is
that both parties to the controversy are admitted to the arbitral
body. The truth and justice of the controversy is not sought.
The result always is a diplomatic peace, a peace imposed by the
stronger upon the weaker. If the union is strong and the em-
ployer weak, the union wins. If the employer is strong and the
union weak, the employer wins. But no attempt is made to find
out where the line fence belongs — whether Joe was getting a
fair wage, is giving an honest day's work for it; whether William
was profiteering. And the result is simply an armed truce.
No controversy is ever settled until it is settled in the light of
justice. Justice is the universal solvent. If we could implant
in every human heart the instinct of justice, there would be no
controversy between man and man. It would even settle a lot
of the divorce cases.
210 THE KANSAS INDUSTRIAL OOUKT.
'New, we have attempted in Kansas to apply^ juridical and
judicial processes to these controversies. Mr. Gompers says that
this industrial warfare, this civil warfare, is the only way to settle
these controversies. We in Kansas are trying an experiment, and
later I shall try to tell you how that experiment is working out.
Coming now to this question of the police power. Edmund
Burke, in one of his sublime orations, declared that the whole
state and power of England, its kings, its lords, its commons, its
army and its navy, were ordained, instituted^and maintained for
the sole purpose of getting 12 honest men into a jury box. In
other words, for a government by law, and not by arbitrary power.
But Burke's definition was too narrow. The truth is that govern-
ments are ordained and maintained solely for the exercise of this
police power, of which the administration of justice is but a part.
Because the police power has to do with the general welfare of
the people, it is the crown and flower of all civilized government.
The police power meets you at the tbreshhold of life, where
it prescribes the qualifications of the doctor and nurse who bring
you into the world. It follows you to the grave, where it regulates
the cemetery in which your ashes are finally inumed. During all
that interval, in every moment of that time, from the first puny
wail of the newborn child, to the death rattle of the dying, that
police power is about you, surrounding you with its invisible pro-
tecting influence ; alone or in company, waking or sleeping, in the
crowded street or on the lonely prairie, that police power is there.
It educates your children and protects your family. It not only
protects your life and property, but it protects our peace, your
health, and even your comfort.
The police power is the only power that can take and destroy
private property for a public use, as when it destroys an unsafe
or an unsanitary building. It is the only power that can invali-
date a contract, which the Constitution says shall be kept sacred.
It is the only power that can override a treaty between this and
a foreign country, which the Constitution says shall be the
supreme law of the land. Nothing is too large for its grasp;
nothing too small for its notice. It stops the great liner at the
threshhold of the country, to examine every passenger, and it pro-
hibits undue slaughter of the migratory birds in their seasonal
flight. It is the most flexible of all powers. The same power that
F. DUMONT SMITH. 211
regulates the stage coach was found suflBcient to regulate the
steamboat^ the locomotive, the automobile, and today it is reach-
ing its long arm into the ether to regulate the air lanes and the
aviator.
But its two great and most important functions are the pre-
servation of the public peace and the protection of the public
health. And upon these two foundations, chiefly, the Industrial
Court Law is built. In the first place, the law declares that food,
fuel, and clothing are the essentials of human life. That is not
a legislative fiat — ^it merely recognizes a truth in nature. In the
case of Jones vs. City of Portland, the Supreme Court of the
United States took judicial knowledge of the fact that fuel was
a necessary of life in Maine, and that for that reason the City of
Portland might engage in the fuel business, the same as it might
engage in furnishing water to its citizens. ^Shelter is not so
essential. A man can live, love, and be happy in a tent, a dugout,
or a cave. But these three thiiigs he must have.
Now, the state is not concerned with whether a man have one
suit of clothes or a dozen, whether he have three meals a day or
five, whether he have fuel to heat a 20-room mansion or a 2-room
cottage. But the state is concerned, and deeply concerned, that
every citizen shall have so much food, fuel, and clothing as shall
preserve his health and the health of his family. So the law
says that whenever there is a strike in these essential industries,
.such a shortage of these essentials as will affect the public health,
then the court shall begin to function. It proceeds to the spot. It
has inquisitorial power. It subpcenaes witnesses. It finds out
what is the cause of the strike. It finds out whether a fair wage
is being paid, and an honest day's work being given, whether
there is any profiteering — in short, it determines where that line
fence belongs. And if these were its only powers, the court would
be worth while. Because no strike has ever succeeded that did
not have public sympathy with it. Publicity, like the sunlight is
a great germicide. No sociological wrong can exist when pub-
licity is brought to bear upon it.
But of course, under this branch of the law, a strike in a
toothpick factory or a match factory, neither of those being an
essential industry, would not call forth the exercise of the court'^s
powers. Here again is a misunderstanding. People wonder why
212 THE KANSAS INDU8TKIAL COURT.
the court does not interfere with every strike. The court can only
interfere in a strike that threatens two things^ either the public
peace or the public health, and not until that threat is imminent
But every strike of any considerable magnitude threatens the
public peace. And there again, when that threat comes, the court
interferes. Let me give an illustration. You remember there was
a packinghouse strike last winter. There were 3000 packing-
house employees in Kansas City, Kansas, who struck. Immedi-
ately the Industrial Court went over there and offered to mediate.
Both sides refused. They wanted to fight it out. The court said
to the packers, ^' If there is a shortage of meat that threatens
health in Kansas, the state will take charge of your plant.'' It
aaid to the strikers, "If there is a single overt of violence,
the troops will be put in here.'' As the result, that strike came to
a losing close without one act of violence, or even a window broken
in Kansas City, Kansas, while in every other packinghouse center,
men were beaten to death, maimed, half killed, and property
destroyed.
Nowhere, I think, has this accelerating growth of the police
power and its acceptance by the courts been more clearly shown
than in the changing views of the Supreme Court of the United
States. For the Supreme Court of the United States does some-
times change its mind.
Beginning with the case of Munn vs. Illinois, with which you
are all familiar, where was exhibited a tendency to get away f ron\
past holdings that seemed to be thoroughly settled and crystal-
lized in American law, that is, that the right of the public to
regulate an industry was correlative with the right to demand
a service, such, for instance, as a street railway or a steam rail-
way, or a waterworks, or anything of that sort ; and that, where
the public could not demand the service, it could not regulate it.
It is true, undoubtedly out of deference to that general opinion,
the Illinois law declared these elevators public elevators. But in
the discussion, it was quite clearly shown that that was not
absolutely essential to the opinion, and that case was affirmed
in Budd vs. New York, I think in 1892, where Justice Brewer
wrote a very powerful dissenting opinion, and, as the justices of
the Supreme Court frequently do in their dissents, told the world
that if that opinion stood, the Constitution was destroyed and the
country ruined.
F. DUMONT SMITH. 213
Mnally^ in 1915^ in tide case of the German Alliance Insurance
Company vs. The State of Kansas^ the court departed absolutely
from the old rule. It will be conceded that the fire insurance
business is purely a matter of private cpntract. An insurer can
give or withhold a policy, he can even cancel it after it is given.
But the court in that case held that the fire insurance business
was so vast in this country, that the whole fabric of private credit
was so tied up with it, that it was so impressed with the public
interest, that the state might regulate it.
That was an outpost case, far advanced, and it has never been
withdrawn. There, for the first time, was established the prin-
ciple that a purely private business might be so impressed with
the public interest that the state could regulate it.
I come now to that very startling decision, Wilson vs. New,
which upheld the Adamson Act, a decision that I think sent cold
chills down the backbones of most of us, because we thought we
would have to learn our constitutional law all over again. In
that case, as you recall, the Supreme Court took judicial knowl-
edge— ^mark this, took judicial knowledge— of the fact that a
strike was impending upon all the railroads of the United States,
that this strike would stop the distribution of the necessaries
of life, and that that would impair the public health, and that
for that reason. Congress, acting under that implied police power,
which it receives along with the direct grant of authority over
interstate commerse, had a right to satisfy these impending
strikers, by reducing the day from nine to eight hours, which, in
effect, regulated wages, because it accelerated the time when over-
time would begin. And Mr. Justice McBeynolds, in a somewhat
ironical dissenting opinion, called their attention to the fact that,
if Congress could say to the employer that eight hours constituted
a day's work for which the employee might demand a day's wage,
that it might also say to the employee that he could not demand
a day's wage until he had worked eight hours. And that probably
is true. But this decision was based upon the proposition that
the distribution of these necessaries of life would fail, and would
threaten the public health. Distribution is secondary — produc-
tion comes before distribution. All the railroads in the United
States cannot furnish one bottle of milk to a hxingry baby until
the cow functions. All the railroads in the United States cannot
214 THE KANSAS INDUSTRIAL COURT.
furnish a loaf of bread until the farmer, the miller, and the baker
have cooperated. How absurd, then, to say that the state, in the
interests of public health, might regulate distribution, which is
secondary, but may not regulate production, which is primary.
We hear a great deal said about chattel slavery imposed by this
law. This law does not compel any workman to remain at work
an hour, if he does not want to. But if it did, it might be con-
stitutional. We have a law in Kansas, and there is a similar law
in several other states, and it has been upheld by the court, which
compels a locomotive engineer, when he has started on his run,
to remain with his engine until he reaches the next division point.
The continuity of travel and distribution, the safety of the public,
demand it. Chattel slavery, absolutely — for the time being that
engineer is chained to the throttle, exactly like the galley slave to
his oar. But, mark you, no one went out and conscripted Casey
Jones and compelled him first to we a wiper, then a fireman, and
then an engineer, and no one compelled Casey Jones to be an
engineer one moment after he left his engine at the division point.
But when he assumes that position, he assumes that continuity
of employment as part of the burden of his employment, just as
he assumes the risk of wrecks and accidents, just as a miner
assumes the penalty of going underground to earn his daily wages.
When once we get that principle, we will understand, I think,
that this law is constitutional; when we establish tiiat these
industries are essential to human life and to human health,
whoever enters those industries in effect enlists exactly as does
the soldier or the policeman in the preservation of the public
peace. He is bound, not to continue to work individually — ^he
may retire from that employment at any moment. But he can^t
conspire, he can't stir up a mutiny that shall destroy the army
of the public weal.
Mr. Gompers has had a great deal to say about the God-given
right to strike. With all due respect to the religious opinions of
any, I know of no such rights that are enforceable in court. The
tablets that were handed down amid the thunders of Siani are
not self-executing today. They require a man-made mandate for
their enforcement. When the Thirteen Colonies declared their
independence and erected themselves into sovereign states, their
legislative assemblies, each of them inherited, as a matter of
F. DUMONT SMITH. 215
course^ the pow^r of the British Parliament^ a power OBoiiipotent,
without check or restraint, until or whenever tixe people chose to
place a check by means of a constitution. It is of course axiomatic
the the federal Constitution is a grant and that state constitutions
are a restriction. We look to one to see what is given ; to the other,
to see what is denied. And we shall look in vain in any state
constitution for any denial of the right of the legislature to pro-
hibit strikes, if it sees fit. The courts have, in a tacit way, assumed
that strikes are legal, although some of the earlier English
decisions denounced and suppressed them as conspiracies.
So these gentlemen appeal to the protection of the Fourteenth
Amendment. They say, first, that it is a denial of due process
of law. As I understand that much abused phrase, it simply
means this : It does not necessarily imply that the case has been
tried in a court of law or equity, it may have been heard before
a drainage board or a tax commission; but if the litigant has
had his day in court, and process for his witnesses, in effect, if
there has been trial before judgment and judgment before con-
viction, then he has had due process of law. They say, too, they
are denied the equal protection of the law. The equal protection
of the law does not deny to the legislature the right of classifica-
tion, and if the classification is reasonable, it may impose burdens
and restrictions upon a particular class, which burdens or restric-
tions are not imposed upon the rest of the citizens of the state.
The only query is. Is the classification reasonable? And the
proponents of the law are not compelled to prove that it is reason-
able— ^the opponents must prove that it is unreasonable.
In this case we submit that the classification is not only reason-
able, but is inevitable. It is the only classification.
Now, there is a curious periodicity in the recurrence of these
great politico-legal questions in the Supreme Court of the United
States, with its dual aspect, partly legal, partly political; ques-
tions that have stirred this country from end to end, questions
that have made and unmade political parties, questions that have
even sown the dragon's teeth of civil war. And. they recur just
about once in the life of a biblical generation, every 25 years.
Beginning in 1804 with Burr vs. Madison, which established the
supremacy of the judiciary against the unconstitutional aggres-
sions of the other branches, 25 years later came those decisions
216 THE KANSAS INDUSTRIAL OOURT.
under th^general welfare clause^ deciding that the federal govern-
ment might engage in works of internal improvement within the
states^ a proposition bitterly fought by a great political party:
Decisions under which the federal government today meddles in
almost every man's business^ and under which our government has
greatly changed from a rather free representative government to a
comparatively despotic bureaucracy. Then 25 years later came the
Dred Scott decision — ^good law, undoubtedly, when it was written,
but reversed by the arbitrament of battle. Twenty-five years
later came the slaughterhouse cases, in which finally, after much
discussion, a new citizenship was established, federal as distin-
guished from state, and admitting corporations under the word
"persons** to the protection of the Fourteenth Amendment.
Twenty-five years later came the decisions under the Sherman
Act. Bightly or wrongly, the people had come to regard those
great aggregations of capital, those octopi, if you please, with
their tentacles in every part of the country and their digestive
organs in New Jersey, as inimical to their welfare. And now, 25
years later, come these labor dispute decisions. The Clerk of
the Supreme Court tells me there are a great mass of those cases.
And not the least important of these recurring cycles of decisions
are these labor cases.
It is somewhat curious, when you look back over the history
of that court, because the precession of the equinoxes, the resur-
gence of the tides, is hardly more regular than the recurrence
of these great questions. Upon the solution of these questions
depends the industrial future of this country, for this country
today is shifting from an agricultural foundation to an industrial
foundation.
Now, a word as to the operation of this law, and how we regard
it in Kansas. Since the law was passed, Governor Allen has been
twice before the people of Kansas and overwhelmingly endorsed.
At the last primary election, just closed, (Jovemor Morgan, who
heartily supported the law and the administration, received a
plurality of 15,000 votes over his nearest opponent, (Jovemor
Stubbs. Governor Stubbs also supported the law without reserva-
tion. Those two candidates received over 70 per cent of the total
primary vote. The other three, who condemned the law. were
overwhelmingly beaten, and the man who made an alliance with
the Union-Labor vote, got a mere 15,000 votes.
F. DUMONT SMITH. 217
Today in Kansas the great railroad shops at Topeka are func-
tioning at 75 per cent of normal^ those at Chanute at 90 per cent,
and onr railroads are running on time, and there is no interrup-
tion of either production or distribution. We are mining 260,000
tons of coal a month, enough to supply the state of Kansas, and we
confront next winter with cheerful tranquility. There is no
picketing in Kansas, and for that reason the strike is being broken.
In Colorado, Governor Shoup has put down picketing and violence
with 60 rangers and they are mining more coal in Colorado than
they were before the strike.
But the distinction is this. Governor Shoup will go out of
office in January and like Cromwell leave no succesor and no
system to take his place. Governor Allen, with far-sighted con-
structiveness, has established a piece of administrative machinery
that will function regardless of governors.
I want to make a criticism, but I am afraid there are some
Illinois people here. However, I'll chance it. Government do^s
not depend so much on laws as we lawyers are apt to think.
When the people of a commonwealth elect an Allen or a Shoup
governor, they are rewarded with industrial peace, with continuity
of service, of production and distribution. When a great com-
monwealth like Illinois elects a Lem Small, it is rewarded with
the black shame of the Herrin massacre, more cold-blooded,
brutal, and ferocious than anything the Huns committed in the
four years of warfare. That Herrin afEair was the fine exfolia-
tion and flower pf the union labor spirit among the miners. What
they did at Herrin, they would do everywhere if they dared. Let
me pause there for a moment. You hear a great deal about this
wave of lawlessness, this flood of lawlessness, contempt and dis-
regard of the law. Does it all come from below? Far from it.
Very much of it comes from executives and police officers who
are functioning with one eye on the next election, who are pan-
dering to the lowest classes of society for votes. What can you
expect of these ignorant, foreign-born citizens, slaves and Helots
for a hundred generations, suddenly freed, dnmk with the new
wine of liberty, when we set before them the example of governors,
mayors, sheriffs, police officers, and police magistrates, who them-
selves defy the law and fail to recognize or enforce it? And that
to a large degree, my friends, is the source and fountain head of
318 THE KANSAS INDUSTBIAL COURT.
this flood that is overwhelming U8. It is astonishing that in a
country like this that worships conrage as one o{ the supreme
virtues^ a country that rewards a Boosevelt or a Coolidge with the
highest honors in its gift^ that in such a country the average
politician should believe that the road to political suoeess must
resemble the tortuous track of a hunted rabbit. This country can-
not endure half law-abiding and half lawless. The law-abiding in
self-defense will become lawless. And that infection is spreading
over our country. We are told by the optimists that this is
the richest^ the greatest, the most powerful nation the world eyer
saw. And that is true. We stand today upon the very pinnacle
of this world^s power and prosperity. But in the essential verities
that constitute a state, the protection of life and property and
human liberty and freedom of speech, and above all in respect
for the law, we are far below our British cousin. In fact, I think
we rank a little above the Turk and the Balkan States. We are
rich. But wealth is not all. There is such a thing as fatty
degeneration of the soul, and this nation shows every symptom
of it. It is true we saw in 1917 that the fire on the altar could
flame as brightly as of old. But fitfully, not steadily — and it has
died down. And in the rery hour of the nation's peril, the trailing
garments of liberty were slimed vrith the greed of countless profi-
teers. Remember, other nations, as great and strong as we,
comparably to their times, have trodden the path we tread today
and gone down to ruin and death.
Steep are the steps, slow hewn in flintiest rock.
States ohmb to power by,
And slippery those with gold, down which they
Stumble to eternal mock.
THE WIDENING RANGE OP LAW.
BY
LORD SHAW,
OP DUiNFBRMUNEV SCOTLAND.
MEMBEB OF THE PBIVY COUNCIL OF HOUSE OF LOBDS.
I deeply feel the honor of your invitation. And I sincerely
recognize the hearty cordiality of your welcome. This great
audience; the eminence of the men whom I see around me; the
resonant call of professional brotherhood; the deep respect for
the law which inevitably accompanies the progress of the Anglo-
Saxon race ; the unifying, harmonizing note which the law thus
adds to the aasociations of history and literature and blood; all
that kind and rank of ideas come tramping through the mind
at such a meeting as this. You Americans speak in terms of
space^ with a frank and honest pride in the glorieb of your
breadth of continent. Englishmen speak in terms of time,
with an august devotion to a mighty history. But it is left to
the Scotchman to overleap both space and time in the terms of
human brotherhood. What matters 'it to him '^ though seas
between us braid hae rowed *^ ? What is it to him, the ancient
grudge of four generations? He has come and thriven with
you and helped to live that down: The large vision seems not
unnatural to him, looking before and after : He knows about the
Clan feuds, sometimes serious and sometimes silly, and he has
outlived them all. The lion can lie down with the lamb, even
the Campbell with the McGregor. If I could presume or dare
to represent even for a few brief moments the land that bore
me, I should say as my first word to you today: Again and for
ever we are trusty friends. We can brace ourselves for the
future which is coming, by taking in any beverage which is
according to law ^' a cup of kindness yet, for the days of Auld
Lang Syne.*'
By invitation, addressed to me in terms of grace and courtesy
similar to those of your own, I address next week the friends
of the Canadian Bar Association, at Vancouver. The bi^other*
hood in law of this vast North American Continent has. gath-
(219)
220 THE WIDENING RANGE OF LAW.
ered at the shores of the Pacific at one of the greatest con-
junctures of human history. Was this by accident or by design ?
Anyhow^ the event has a singular^ a unique interest. My reflec-
tions upon it and upon its happenings in 1922, have led me into
a train of ideas, the brief exposition of which may,^ I trust,
hot be unacceptable to this gathering of thoughtful men. Do
not ask me to ticket them by a name. The philosopher or jurist
would hanker after some such title as '^The Widening Power
of Jural Conceptions.^' Plain people like ourselves would simply
call it " The Widening Bange of Law." ■
Stand aloof for a little and watch that moving, jostling, elbow-
ing, combatant crowd which we call civilization. There is a
figure there that is bigger, more upstanding, more commanding
than on your last survey. More and more he seems to control
the crowd, suppressing confusion, regulating traffic, making the
rough places plain and every place safe: and his hand is swift
and heavy on crime and on the sneak, and tender and helpful
to the weak and the struggling and the oppressed. His name
is law. When he gets into his working garb we call him Juris-
prudence. For Jurisprudence is just law with a gown on. And
if it is, as it should be, a roomy gown, it neither chills his heart,
nor impedes his growth. ' More and more, as you are seeing
with your eyes, that noble honest figure is becoming a leader
and commander to peoples, classes, states and nations, whose
combined movements, as I say, are civilization itself. And more
and more he is getting more real wisdom, more understanding
and heart. But by the Widening Range of Law I mean not
merely that deeper invasion into the secrets, the motives, the
regulative ideas which govern the relations of men, but also that
objective side in which law is more and more conquering wider
fields, more and more vindicating its functions, not among indi-
vidual citizens alone, but also among great ranks and classes of
society, and even moulding the policies of states and common-
wealths, and among them all and everywhere placing reason
against passion and right against power. At this hour, after
the Oreat War, even as the smoke and horror and the smell of
blood clear away, law resumes its sway, planting anew in a
bruised and bewildered world the standards of legality human
and divine. Oood are treatises, better are treaties; but the
LOBD SHAW. 221
world is a disillusioned world and it has grown tired of them.
It longs for facts^ some solid ground in which the law can
have its chance unless good faith be banished from the earth.
Something accomplished, something done, something well and
truly laid, something more than diplomatic gestures or a paper
pledge; that is what is required. The nations have lost confi-
dence in each other.
In ancient Borne the first obvious contracts were real con-
tract; the consensual came later. As the majesty of law ex-
tended, the consensual contracts became common because behind
them there lay the power not only of interpretation but enforce-
ment. Believe me, until the majesty of the law is established
with similar powers of interpretation and enforcement among
the nations, the nations must begin again, they must tread the
historical road, they must have real contracts, actual accomplish-
ments, things done and things given up on both sides, before
men will believe that true progress has been resumed. It is for
this reason, gentlemen, that I reckon the Conference of Wash-
ington to have been greater than a conference, and the Five-
Power Naval Agreement and the Pour-Power Pact for the
Pacific Ocean, the one with its real, instant, and definite limi-
tation of armaments, the other turning possibly this great ocean
into a vast Pacific reserve — I reckot these things to be a sensible
mitigation of the fears of humanity, a sensible contribution to
the peace and progress of mankind. It seems quite a natural
thing that after those pacific triumphs you should have these
pacific celebrations. So reckoning, we heartily bear in mind
the services and achievements of America in the world cause,
and the firm and practical statesmanship of its President
and Secretary of State. Especially today do we think of the great
lawyers of your and many nations as they went on trying to
hammer into a solid fabric of results those ideals and aspirations
which all peoples cherish who claim the rank of civilized states.
These are some of the reasons, Mr. President, which make me
feel, with a deeper note of gratitude, the historical interest of the
occasion on which you have asked me to address you.
Of course, when lawyers foregather, they are apt to confine
their discussion to the present, and to the immediate future, and
to their own very wide-awake good selves. But the strength of
222 THE WIDENING RANGE OP LAW.
these great conferences is shown when they have leverage enough
to get men out of that rut. Occasions arise when history and
events vividly and savagely compel that. The best amongst you
probably look back to the later fifties and the early sixties — ^that
trying ordeal for your citizenship. Then it was that the law of
status and the law of the Constitution had to be co-ordinated,
and that under the higher planes of liberty and the rights of
man. Lowell puts the old view which the older l^aUty could
always defend. ** Here I stand on the Constitution, by thun-
der'*;
Human rights hai'nt no more
Right to come on this floor
No more'n the man in the moon, sez he.
These were defensible, very defensible, propositions in the
mouth of a mere lawyer, a mere constitutionalist, a mere politi-
cian, and Lincoln was very patient with them. But when to
yield to them would have been to rive in twain the American
Commonwealth, then his heart, always true, cleared his vision,
and he seemed to reason that man was more than constitutions;
that the law was made for man^ nx)t man for the law. So it was
that the courage and essential goodness of his statesmanship and
the loyalty of your great people to truth consolidated at one
stroke the cause of the unioi and of human freedom.
Then in the common and everyday relations of man with man
(and these demand after all our first regard), the range of your
law became mightily extended. That law jof status, if law it
could be called which had travestied the patriarchal system and
would have turned back even the clock of Bomou jurisprudence
as it went on opening more and more widely the doors of its
citizenship — that law of a status disappeared and the law of
contract took its place over the wide areas of many states. The
West Indian precedent — ^very nobly conceived and very wisely
accomplished by England — was of but slender proportions, and
compares with your struggle literally as an insular with a
continental achievement. Hard and difficult and many a^ were
the legal problems to be solved, I declare to you that it fills me
with wonder to reflect upon the comparative ease of the tran-
sition, upon the adaptability of your legal machinery, and upon
the practicality of your people.
LOBD SHAW. 223
This on the civil side; but on the criminal side yonr task
was greater stilly and it is not yet complete. Race, color, the
memory of oppression; these are very real things to be suddenly
let loose in a citizenship of freedom. They leave the lawyer and
the reasoning citizen an irksome but a high and responsible
duty. And to this hour a high and responsible duty it remains.
That duty is to save hberty and order alike by that equal hand
and that noble and resolute bearing of justice itself, which are
shown by respect and true fealty to the regular administration
of the law. Every man his own avenger I the sudden ferocities
of lynch law I Wherever the English tongue is spoken the
ground is too sacred for that; wherever free men reason together,
jurisprudence renders to justice a sincerer and more stately
homage.
A lesser, but yet quite notable extension of the range of law
has occurred in the emancipation of women. I presume that
you have, as we have, Married Women^s Property Acts with their
sequels social and legal. The case, however, is not here the
same^as with the enfranchisement of the slave; it is not the
substitution of the law of contract for the law of status; it is
their reconciliation with each other. I daresay you find the
contract side of it not unmanageable, but — on the status side —
how. you get along with the variety of state law and state legis-
lation on the subject, say, of divorce, and still keep your heads,
and are able to attend to business — this fills me with wonder.
I know how difScult it is to harmonize state laws. England
has been trying for a generation to approximate to the decent,
sensible, easily working law of Scotland in this department of
the matrimonial relations, and as yet it has failed. Of all the
forms of amour, the one which is most ridiculously hard to ac-
commodate is amour propre. This is certainly so among states
and nations; and legal reform which points to homogeneity is
of the derided and suspect I •
Meantime, the range of your laws for all professional breth-
ren who practise and advise must be immensely increased by
home-made difSculties. And these, I should reckon, bring in
their train a goodly store of troubles in the regions of domicUe
and fiuccession. Is the harmonizing of your laws of status a
vain dream for the United States, an objectionable or imprac-
8
224 THE WIDENING RANGE OF LAW.
tical idea? Pray forgive me, I do not mean to intrude, or
eren to suggest. But you must take me as I was made and I
cannot help thinking.
A few brief words only, and those of nothing but commen-
dation of your law of contract. In your case it was not, as in
the jurisprudence of Bome or of England, au evolution from a
rigidity which had grown barren to a fruitful flexibility which
better met the needs of man — ^a slow, centuries long, education
and adaptation. Tour jurisprudence sprang fully armed like
Minerva from the head of Jupiter. Bather a strained figure
that 1 For I was meaning Jupiter to represent the Common Law
of England, and therefore I was referring to Jupiter at the time
he led a decent life — say, after he had overthrown Saturn and
before his flirtations began I In this department of jurispru-
dence, the law of contract, your services have been very real^and
in its literature almost monumental. The labors of Story lift
your representation to a great height. And when that gifted,
brilliant American, statesman and lawyer, Mr. Benjamin, landed
on the English shore, we received with no grudging admiration
his work on Sale; and the man who wrote it ranked with our
hearty good-will among our highest in the law.
I venture to accentuate this solidarity between England and
America on Contract Law. In your case its principles inform
and regulate over a vast and active continent stretching from
ocean to ocean. In our case they interlace the world. Natur-
ally, the same principles are found, and possibly even better
co-ordinated, in other lands — say in France imder the Code
Napoleon : Naturally they are derivative from ancient systems ;
historically they may be said to have foimd luminous exposition
by the immortal jurists of the Age of the Antonines, who subtly
threaded their way through technicalities into the open air of
fair dealing. A claim of monopoly would be absurd ; we do not
set ourselves up as the first and true inventors. But it is ours
to acknowledge and to share, and over vast spaces of the earth
to distribute a priceless inheritance, which has helped to dissi-
pate the misunderstanding, to smooth the intercourse and to
ihcrease the comforts of mankind.
It is the fact of this common inheritance which lays a special
obligation upon the lawyers of the Anglo-Saxon race. Between
LORD SHAW. 225
them^ the United States and the British Empire, largely shaxe
the distribution of the resources of the earth and the manufac-
ture of those resources for the use of man. Take the old Soman
classification, if you like, say, of the consensual contracts : Sale
(Emptie-venditio) ; Agency (Mandatum) ; Hiring (locatiO'
condudio) ; and Partnership (Sodetas) , How embracive the
category is I But did ever the wildest dreamer among the
absolutists of the ancient world conceive of the vast fertility of
illustration of the items of the list which a new world displays ?
For the emptia-venditio go to your emporia, your bourses, your
exchanges. For Societas, watch your great Corporations, sd
powerful as to threaten to dominate legislatures and states.
For Locatio-conductio, see your networks of railways, your
shipping enterprises^ your transport linking ocean with ocean.
. For mandatum, your drummers drumming everywhere, by land
and sea.
Greater than dreams have your enterprises spread ; but, spread
they ever so far, one thing accompanies them, inexorably, inevit-
ably, as shadow follows substance. With them all goes the law.
It checks misdeeds, ensures equality of appeal, removes crooked-
ness and chicane, respects neither rank nor power as between
the bargainers, ever and everywhere insisting on a square deal;
ever and everywhere taking its stand on principles whose foun-
dations are truth and whose comer stone is honesty. See how
glorious your profession is I See how mistaken those are who
think it outgrown or effete! I have a respect for theology; but
its timidities and some of its ongoings, in times which demanded
plain and frequent ethical reminders, have made me not so sure
about it. Anyhow, I am venturing in your presence the propo-
sition that in this age which so often shows itself a brazenly
material age it is the profession of the law that is the unques-
tionable instrument of an appeal, not to technique, not to vogue
or fkshion or more correctitude, but in the ultimate resort to
ethical standards which no age can outlive, and no progress can
trample underfoot.
I am not a professor, nor the son of a professor, and I claim
no title to inflict upon you an address enumerating categories
or laying out elaborate parallels. I have not learning enough to
speak to learned men didactically, but one cannot have lived
i 226 THE WIDENDrO RANOB Oi? LAW.
through a long and varied professional life withont certain
things having stood out^ as able to stand the test of experience^
as very real and on the whole very helpful things. My only
wish is to speak to you today more by way of simple contributing
to the common stock of ideaa which we put into our mutual
exchange. Therefore I do not presume to dwell much further
on the Law ' of Contract or to pass definitely to propositions on
other definite sections of the law. Let us simply go on thinking
together.
It does strike me^ for instance, that apropos not of contract
alone, but of many other branches of the law, there is a two-fold
development which, having a historical origin, is very notable and
very wholesome in our own time. The age has gone by for
symbolical and ceremonial procedure which has lost its useful-
ness and meaning. In regard to the sale of real estate what
changes have occurred even in my time! As a boy, I have
copied out deeds which have narrated with precise notarial detail
how seisin was given — actually given — ^for lands by handing over
earth and stone, for mills by the giving of clap and happer, for
houses by hasp and staple, for fishings a net, for annual rents
a penny, each tangible thing sold having its tangible sample
and symbol which made visible the entry of a new owner and
possessor. The appeal to the sense was plain : The notary certi-
fying " vidi, sdvi, et andvoi," with lots of other Latin added —
or a raw and canine order. Nowadays, the substance of sale
remains, but the symbolism of the real contract has passed away.
The literal contract has been reached, and all stands alone upon
the written word. Now turn this matter about. From the real
contracts where more than the written word was required; look
now at the purely consensual contracts which required no writing
at all. The means for the transmission and record of thought
have now vastly changed from the day when the Boman pain-
fully recorded the literal contract with his stilus on a tablet of
wax. Then consensual contracts stood a great way apart from
literal. But now, with the spread of education and the advance
of science, the use of letter, of telegram and of the telephone
message confirmed by the business man's note — all these lift the
bulk of the consensual contracts into the grip of a literal record,
LOBD SHAW. 2S7
and that so effectively that one may explain the record if it be
ambiguoua^ but^ if not, one must stand to it, and to vary it is
bad law.
From these two directions accordingly, the one where all was
form and ceremony, the other where there was the spoken word
alone, the force of the legal pressure of later days has be^i
concentrated upon the construction and interpretation of the
written word. This is so in a sense applicable far beyond the
range of individual bargains and covering not them alone but
writings of aU kinds, wills and settlements, deeds of gift, and
trusts; higher still articles of association and prospectuses; higher
still legislative acts and statutes themselves ; and then still higher
the constitutions of states and provinces, of dominions and com-
monwealths.
«
There thus come into the literature of law powerful and
profound books, and a wealth of cases so perplexing as, if yielded
to, would drive analysis to the point of contortion and the lawyer
or student to confusion and sheer mystification of mind. It is
so in the humble and ordinary life of the practitioner. As the
range of law widens and arises, then the clash of interests and
the intrusion of prejudices social and national and international,
are apt to disturb fair judgment and all this makes a grounding
in the principles of true interpretation, imperative as a salvation
from sheer mischance of such a nature were the problems which
confronted the greatest of American jurists John Marshall;
and his masterly solutions lifted the office of Chief Justice of the
United States high among the great places of the center and
tinked it for ever with his name. When you consider what the
handling of these problems means in the equipment of the
human mind, then you get some light on the phenomenon that
in all ages and in nearly every country the profession of the
law gives its quota of power to statesmanship and public life.
Exposition is the skill of the lawyer; enforcement is his art;
but interpretation is the foundation of his science.
To get at the essential meaning which the words under con-
struction signify is a psychological exercise far too little appre-
ciated. It is in modem as in ancient times, -there are serious
obstacles to getting at the true interpretation of disputed words.
In ancient times the obstacle was formality — ^in modern times
228 THB WIDENING RANOB OF LAW.
it is authority. A consensus ad idem did not of old get into the
region of discussion until a minute examination had been made
into the forms and ceremonies in which it had been clothed.
Did these f ail^ as the law prescribed, then the examination, the
true interpretation, ended before it had begun. These hare
now largely disappeared from the ground. But in their place
and now for generations in their place has grown up a new
obstacle^ thick as the jungle. The words haye already been in
the hands of the judicial commentators; and, as is the way with
commentators, the one refers to the other and the third to the
preceding two till the text is obscured aad the vision of the
interpreter cannot get through the thicket except at the risk of
his being considered a rebel and iconoclast. Any recent statute
forms an illustration ready to hand. Hardly is it bom into
the world, till judges fall upon it, tearing it analytically to
pieces; and unless they called it at least inartistic they would not
be in the fashion I But then their turn comes; and their fre-
quent Unes of error are produced and produced with a touching
deference, till by and by the plain English of the act does not
know itself ; and only great judges take the liberty to announce
that the act means what it says. If you have in your great
country statutes like the Employers Liability Acts and the
Workmen's Compensation Acts, such as we have in ours, you
may have an inkling of my meaning.
The danger of obscuring the text by the commentaries is not
confined to statutes of the realm. It appears over and over
again in humbler and more homely spheres. Particular words
of a will in a certain context are interpreted to mean one thing
and it is so decided; then the same words in quite a different
context are held to mean the same thing, because it has been so
decided. Thus so-called rules of construction are formed — ^the
rule in this case or the other — and they are applied, amidst
difSculties which no well-instructed practitioner daxe avoid, al-
though he and everyone else knows that the meaning put upon
words is very different from what it would have been if the
ground had only been clear.
I have observed with no little satisfaction, in recent years,
a more determined effort towards reversion to the text itself,
and a desire to avoid shackling the ordinary English language
LOBD 8HAW. 229
with conventional fommlfle. A conyenient illustration of what
I mean occurred no later than last year in the case of Lucas
Tooth. It appeared that the ordinary expression^ the simple
word '' then/' had been the subject of repeated decisions and so
had been given a cast-iron and conventional turn. One noble
Lord stated thus the tendency upon which I have been venturing
to reflect: .
When a category or enumeration, ventured upon even by high author-
ity, is sought to be imposed upon a simple and oonunon word of the
Fngli<ib language, courts of interpretation must preserve their freedom
of contact with toe mind and meaning to be interpreted, that mind hav^
ingused the medimn of unartificial and ordinary speech.
\Vords themselves change in meaning ; even punctuation, or the order
in which tfcdnes are set down may have its significance; ana the nuances
of expression have an infinite variety. Out of the categories or generali-
sations you may no doubt construct a machine which would stamp
ordinary words with a meaning which their author would promptly
disavow. The generalization becomes a category, the categorsr becomes
a rule, and the rule becomes a bed of Procrustes upon wmch words
and expressions must be stretched, but which, as one is unhappily
conscious, they can only Be made to match by torture or by mutilation.
The meaning of the testator is not thus reached, and misinterpretation
results.
The case of Procrustes occurs often enough. The literalisty
very loyal to authority, stands within it as within a fortification.
If you tell him that " the letter Idlleth but the Spirit giveth life ^'
he asks you for the reference; and then^ when you give it^ he
says that he has not got the book in his library. Tet must it not
be true that wherever that spirit has been violated^ then it stands
to reason that some element of mischance may have crept in?
Alas ! in this world the smooth has to be taken with the rough,
and literalism with its mischances haa the merit at least of bind-
ing judges and interpreters to construct the actual terms em-
ployed, without daring to invent for themselves another mean-
ing not out of the grantor's words but out of their own head.
I grant that point; but when that is granted all is said in
favour of the Procrustes method. VHiat then, gentlemen of
the Bar, what is to be done? Struggle and wrestle you must
with these difiSculties, sometimes on an immense scale. Take
my advice : the figure in mythology which will help you most is
not Procrustes the tyrant of the iron measure, but a giant and
a stmggler like yourselves, by name Antaeus. According to
tradition he was a great fighter. He overcame and subdued all
enemies, but the secret of his power was that, being the son of
230 THE WIDENING RANGE OP LAW.
Neptune and Terra, of ocean and of Earth, he kept his feet in
touch with mother earth and thus found, at every crisis of battle,
refreshment and new life. Finally he was overthrown; but
Hercules could not have accomplished the task except by lifting
him from the earth and squeezing him to death in the air.
There is our lesson as interpreting, constructive lawyers. Let
us keep in touch with mother earth. Do not let any Hercules of
convention lift us from that ground of common sense to which
we owe all that strengthening, all that re-invigoration, all that
vitality which nerves us in the struggle. So surely as we shall
be lifted above the realities of the case, then so surely shall we
be overcome. Stand squarely on the solid ground of mother
earth; even in the struggle where many authorities are heaved
at you and many rules, and the wisdom of many ancients are
fired at you to blow you into the air, stand firm, and you will
grapple with all these assailants and all their weapons. In the
end you will triumph by the strength of vision which has
enabled you to see beneath decided cases their true essential
meaning and to test authority even in its highest decisions, not
by head notes or rubrics, but by the fundamental principles
rooted in reason and grounded in sense which in the particular
case they purported to expound.
Yes, there have always been, and to this hour there are, two
schools in jurisprudence; the school of Procrustes, and the
school of Antaeus. I suppose the tyrant Procrustes had his
uses although I have never had much favor for him. But An-
tseus guides the whole life. The lesson of his strengthening
contact with reality is a lesson forever.
This determined loyalty to sense of truth never degrades but
always adorns the law. This it is which is the death of trickery,
which is the searching out and the stamping underfoot of fraud,
which is the unravelling of the dexterities of deceit, which is the
homage to justice which underlies every act of a professional
man. No, in this enterprise of searching for truth, no greater
advances have been made, probably in any age, than in our own
time. But beneath it all there lies that essential fundamental
fact to which I have alluded, that there are standards of inter-
pretation which are solid and infallible, and any resort reached
even by the most casuistical interpretation which varies these
standards is a line which leads to loss and misery and wrong.
LOBD SHAW. 281
Upon this topic, one department of law to which I specially
refer is that in regard to the rescission of contracts. In Scot-
land it is called a reduction^ and until a few years ago it was
expressed in an emphatic redundancy worthy of the Schoolmen
of the middle ages. The will or testament, a contract^ a gift, or
what not was to be '^reduced, retreated, rescinded, cassed, an-
nulled, decerned and declared to have been from the beginning,
to be now, and in all time coming of no avail, force or effect in
judgment or out with the same and the defender reponed there
against in integrum.'^
ITow was not that a mouth filler? And many a battle has
been waged over the issue which it raised. You know the sort
of inquiry to which I refer. Many of you have no doubt had
enthralling adventures in that line. The whole department is
founded on the simple proposition that a thing which is essen-
tially a wrong as between man and man should not stand. I do
not enter into the refinements as to the declaration in one case
as to whether the deed or document is ipso jure void or whether
it it only voidable. I am upon things much more fundamental
than that. The categories of fraud, of concealment of essential
particulars by one party from the knowledge of the other, of
duress in the sense either of actual '^ force and fear'^ or.xmdue
infiuence by such predominance of the will of one party over
that of the either as to make the latter not a free agent, all that
set of causes which comes before the courts, are the assertion of
one fundamental principle. That principle is that law will
not recognize if it can avoid it, any act, agreement, contract or
obligation unless these are acts of men who were both truly
sane and truly free. Justice becomes the handmaid of truth,
jurisprudence the vindicator of freedom.
The essential privilege of law is to defend the canon of its
equality — ^namely, that all must have equal treatment by the
law, as the broad inevitable resultant right of free citizenship.
When every citizen can truly feel that the law can be appealed
to as his friend, then strength and healing come into the body
politic and the function of law, even on the every-day level of
individual disputes and of differences between man and man,
adds to the healthy sense of independence which is the essential
of progress. But whenever men, decent men, not rebels or
832 THB WIDBNINQ BANGS OF LAW.
criminals^ cower beneath the law, being afraid of its inequality;
Baying to themselves " the world is not my friend, nor the world's
law,'' then they become the starved apothecaries of society and
are tempted to meannesses and evil ways. And that society is
rotten where one citizen as against another can overpower him
or undermine him by law wielded with an uneven hand. Only
the blind, the cruel, or the unjust in heart can wink the eye
at this unnameable curse.
Probably upon this continent, great as it is, you do not recog-
nize that wide plane of equality to which I refer. It is your
privilege to distribute justice to that marvellous agglomeration
of races which America has taken t6 her broad bosom. She
speaks to them the English tongue; she nourishes and educates
them in the practices of freedom, she inducts them into that
fundamental respect for organized society which only law can
conserve : Above all no race, religion, color, origin, dare, arrest
or deflect the course of justice. All alike are equal before the
law. These every-day things, the straight deal, the even hand so
commonplace are they that one is apt to lose the sense of their
enormous power.
From every disorganized quarter of the globe this rich land
becomes a refuge in which, to its astonishment, right becomes a
real possession, maintained unfalteringly between the highest
and the lowest, the richest and the poorest, and the appeal to
law is itself a right universal. But when I speak in these high
terms of freedom and independence, of equality and right, as
they are known within your borders, I cannot restrict my vision.
My own experience forbids me. Next week I shall have to ad-
dress the Bar of Canada on particular problems connected
with the administration of Justice by the Judicial Committee
of the Privy Council. The jurisdiction of that body extends
over one-fourth of the population of the globe; the jurisdiction
of your Supreme Court added to that makes the principles of
our laws cover nearly one-third of the human race. But how
wide soever may be the range, you and we recognize that this
is not a question of what race, creed, nationality or people, law
is to be applied to. It is a question fundamental to the admini-
stration of widely different laws and systems of jurisprudence,
some modem, some traditional, some tribal, some as old as
LOBD SHAW. 233
recorded history, wherever a system of law or jurisprndence is
worthy of the name these fundamental principles and especially
this canon of fair and equal treatment must apply.
Now that I am upon this topic of what I may call the funda-
mentals of law, its deep basic universal principles, I recognize
too well the needs -of the occasion and the limitations of my
own capacity to venture upon a detailed or didactic exposition
of a subject so large and grave.
But as we go on thinking together, would you suffer from
me this:
Having had to study for many years the clash of opinioh
and the collision of interests, not alone between individual men
but, on a higher range, between classes of society, and, on a
still higher, between state and commonwealth, between province
and dominion, do let us hear in mind the correlations of things.
If the correlations of things be truly grasped, then the very
secret of justice has been unveiled.
Let me try to explain to you what I mean by this. The ideals
have in them nothing abstruse, nothing revolutionary, and, as
you know, there is nothing new under the sun. If any of you
smell Hegel and German philosophy about, I cannot help that.
Take that thing which we call a man's right. He ought to
be able to vindicate it against all the world. But one imperious
and resounding prohibition is laid upon him ; he cannot take the
law into his own hand. And well he knows if he thinks of his
own right and of himself alone, and begins to exercise it with
that sole idea, then collisions will take place, he will encounter
surprises and mishaps and he will come to grief. What has
happened to him? He has forgotten that the correlative of
right is duty. Sic utere tuo id alienum non Icsdas, But the
law does not forget it. And that law which he dare not take into
his own hand as a master he can appeal to with the submissive
mind. For justice exists; that austere reconciler of right with
duty. As deep and elementary as the distinction in philosophy
between the ego and non-ego, is the broad plain fact that there
are others in the world besides the appellant who also have
rights, and that the interdependence of rights and their poise
and balance with duties is secured by the arbitrament of a third
principle, namely, justice itself. Justice conserving the rights
234 THB WIDENING RANGE OF LAW.
of all, and commanding the duties of all, issues its decree that
right and duty must dwell together in the peace of mutuality.
In this mutuality of rights and of duties both can be evolved
into that glorious harmony wherein law is vindicated, force
restrained and progress possible, and peace among men the
every-day achievement of social life.
Do not please, be superior to these views about the correlation
of ideas. You may find before we have done with them that they
have a far reach.
Let us now leave the ground floor, on which are exhibited
those ordinary difl5culties which demand solution and settlement
between citizens in ordinary life. Let us ascend, taking our
principles with us — always doing that — into the higher and
wider regions of the relations of class with class, religion with
religion, party with party, political, economic, industrial. Here
in a moment we feel the need of principles and the supreme
usefulness of those in this wider air. Here again, I repeat it,
do not, please do not forget the correlatives. As on the more
ordinary level the plainest correlation was between right and
duty, now a further correlation has appeared — the correlation
of order with liberty.
Disputes among classes are wider in scale, often more sinister
in the appeal both to- force and to prejudice and more dangerous
to society at large. But the figure which must now stand
'' betwixt the fell incensed points of mighty opposites '' — is still
as before the same august figure of justice itself, with law as its
instrument of reconciliation.
Again the temptation is great to exult in liberty and to
achieve its own rights at its own hand. The temptation is vastly
reinforced by combination, and sheer lawlessness gets many to
defend it.
Something has been forgotten in all this, namely, a correla-
tive, and the correlative of liberty is order. Society, however,
even in convulsion demands that neither class, religion nor
party shall be denied freedom, that that freedom is a noble
thing, so noble that the freedom of all must be protected by
the freedom of each being exercised within the limits of public
order. And so freedom and order are made to dwell together,
and the opposites are correlated by a third entity, that austere
LOBD shaW. 236
reconciled justice, and society is saved. The brutalities of force
are subdued, the widespread miseries and sorrows of combatant
and non-combatant alike are assuaged — ^these yield to the arbi-
trament of reason. The submission is made to justice and to law
under appeals which are oftentimes conducted on both sides with
the most accomplished skill. I can in my own experience as an
arbitrator testify to this at first hand. *
The range of law on this higher level is wider. Sometimes
the texts of statutes are cited, sometimes the rules of common
law or even its procedure; but everywhere and always those
principles are appealed to which give equality of treatment, the
just poise and balance, the rights of each to be duly respected,
the duties of each to be faithfully performed, under conditions
of discipline which will yet preserve freedom unimpaired, but
make it a well-ordered freedom. And above and around and
beneath all an undying homage must be paid to the eternal
principles of justice and the square deal.
To each class equal law must be applied. To take an illus-
tration, once an agreement is reached under free and orderly and
equal conditions such as would sustain an agreement on the
principles of law, the duty of the employer to pay and the
right of the worker to receive wages as per the agreement and
these to the last cent, and the right of the employer to receive
and the duty of the ;(vorker to give work as per the agreement
and that to the last minute. To neither is chicane or adultera-
tion permitted. The worker gives true and not adulterated
labor; the master gives true and not adulterated coin. The true
metal on either side; no alloy; no quibbling; honesty forbids.
Be very frank and fearless about this. N"o liberty of any class,
no discipline by any class can evade this : The attempt whether
by intimidation or force on either hand is tyranny; honesty
forbids.
I take no gloomy view of all this. For I recognize that more
and more as moral and economic education proceeds, the ranks
of all classes are coming to recognize that the way both of
prosperity and peace lies in the recognition of those standards
which are at once ethical and legal standards.
Every other weapon breaks in pieces or explodes in self-
destruction. And every one that wields it, as is th^ d^ in
836 THE WIDENING RANGE OF LAW.
Russia today^ from the despot doctrinaire downwards to the
famished dying innocent millions, every one must sooner or
later feel that
Tis safer to be that which we destroy
Than by destruction dwell in doubtful joy. /
Time was when the so-called governing classes called for disci-
pline^ f 09 order^ order and more order, with a gibe and a blow
on the head for liberty whenever it appeared. That was the
despot's code. And then the time comes when the vaunted order
is overthrown by those very forces of liberty which it was trying
to repress.
Then another era arises, and liberty has its spell of excess,
breaking up all order in its early headlong career, then liberty
breaks into anarchy, and falls^ groping after order, into the
cruellest of despotism and in a whirligig of inconsequence liberty
itself has been destroyed. Yes: "these violent delights have
violent ends.'* The times move fast and with tragic steps.
Witliin one decade and within one land the world has had the
transitions from autocracy to Bolsheyi^m. It has been seen how
order and liberty are both needed by mankind; both must live,
or each will fall to pieces. And the last of calamities will have
come, because society will have forsaken justice, justice equal
to all men and to every class, justice the reconciler. Burke's
was a great saying : " Liberty to be enjoyed must be limited by
law; for where law ends there tyranny b%ins; and the tyranny
is the same be it the tyranny of a monarch or a multitude ; nay,
the tyranny of the multitude may be the greater, since it is
multiplied tyranny.''
As in the humbler sphere where the law knows neither rich
nor poor, so among classes the law knows neither high nor low,
supreme or struggling, influential or humble, and deals with all
with an equal hand and an equal mind. Without that there can
, be no democracy of free men, for that unnameable thing, cor-
ruption, can cause society to rot. Give what name you like to
• the colliding forces, call one organized labor and the other
organized capital, law in the administration of justice knows
neither the one nor the other. The humblest organized workers
have equal rights themselves, not only against organized capital,
but against the organizations of their own class.
LOBD 8HAW. 937
When claisses^ however^ axe divided against classes^ then too
often a more serious trouble appears. It is not now the applica-
tion of legal principles — ^those of justice : It is the abjuring of
legal methods — ^those of reason. The awful collision has come —
the collision between power and reason, between class despotism
and tyranny on the one hand, and freedom and equality on the
other. The cardinal principle is the appeal to justice — each of
its class has its rights against the other^ each of its class has its
duty to the other in asserting the rights and in performing the
duties, each has its liberty of assertion but each in the perform-
ance of its duty must be restrained by that order which ensures
the liberty of all. It is indeed^ gentlemen of the American Bar
Association, a tough nut. The appellants in the case are truly
not one class against another, but society against both. Over
all classes as over all individuals, the whole body politic must
assert the law, a law for all alike, a defence and a security for
human society itself. Against this even-handed justice no isms
and shams can prevail, laborism, capitalism, bourgeoisie, plutoc-
racy, proletariet, all these are the forms and shows, the red rags,
the drums and trumpets; the substance of the issue is — shall
freedom and order live together, shall right and duty respect
each other ? And shall, lastly, the method of settlement and the
solution of these eternal problems lie with the brutality of force,
or with the ministry of substantial reason. With its whole
power law supports the latter, and in this noble service to human-
ity it dare scrap neither its principles nor its methods. In fair
weather or in foul it will abjure the brutality of force; it will
uplift the juster, humaner, diviner ministry of reason, and in
this the law as with a crowning consecration demands the
homage of the soul.
That very fine thinker and eloquent man Sir James Mackin-
tosh would, I feel sure, have agreed with this; and he expresses
his ideas with a very stately diction. *' There is not,*' s^ys he,
** in my opinion, in the whole compass of human affairs, so noble
a spectacle as that which is displayed in the progress of juris-
prudence; where we may contemplate the cautious and unwearied
exertions of a succession of wise men through a long course of
aged, withdrawing every case as it arises from the dangerous
power of discretion, and subjecting it to inflexible rules — ex-
238 THE WIDENING RANGE OF LAW.
tending the dominion of justice and reason and gradually con-
centrating, within the narrowest possible limits, the domain of
brutal force and arbitrary will/'
So far for the correlation of ideas — right and duty, order and
freedom. They are regulative in the individual and the social
relations; but they are appUcable in much more extended
quarters than the bounds of one nation, they invade, they must
invade the international sphere. So widening is, must be, the
range of law.
Let us proceed, however, to consider quite another and a very
different topic, and so approach the higher region. Not corre-
lations now but collisions. Not correlations of ideas but colli->
sions of method. Here is no blending, no co-ordination, no com-
promise. It is war to the knife — ^war between the method of
force on the one hand and the method of reason on the other.
Reason and force since the world began have been in grips.
When the former has prevailed the majesty of the law has been
justified. When the latter has prevailed civilization has been
wounded, the estimate of human life has been lowered, the
achievements of mankind have been destroyed, and law itself
has fallen from its high estate, dethroned, brutalized and then
trampled imderfoot.
In every range of law, from the humblest to the highest, this
operates. When the superior in position, in influence, in num-
bers, in adherents or in rank takes the law into his own hands,
then the insistence of the domination of force over reason is
promptly illustrated, and the private wrong calls aloud for legal
redress. But the rejection of the domination of force, the taking
of law into its own hand, applies not to individuals alone and on
the higher range to classes of society, but it applies still higher;
all nations, sooner or later, who in this collision between force
and law prefer domination and power, come to a miserable end ;
they that use the sword perish by the sword. Law reaches up to
this higher level, and as the years go forward will do so with
a greater and greater majesty of command; and justice, still
the reconciler, will carry its principles with it into that highest
range, adjuring force as a solvent of disputes, upholding the way
of reason, and asking the aid of great lawyers as its ministers.
LORD SHAW. 239
So we come to realize that the dispeiiBiiig of justice is no
despot's behest, but is part as I say of the ministry of reason in
the affairs of men. Thus, as you ascend^ the view widens, and
everyhere^ a/s I see it, the range of law is seen to ascend. But,
ministers of reason, bestir yourselves. For tiie other side, the
brutality of force has but the other day been vastly reinforced.
A new fear it as the heart of mankind at this hour. It is
connected with the advance of science. Never since the world
began had force, brutality and anarchy such an opportunity.
War, with all its sacrifice, has not been too dear if it open the
eyes of mankind to the appalling gravity of continuing in the
worship of force and of further defying the governance of reason.
A new era opens to mankind. If you conceive of international
law as binding all nations, then international law, I speak it
with sorrow but conviction, international law is in ruins. Force
under immoral or non-moral control can, we know, undo, and
has undone, the humanest conventions of the ages. And a de-
struction can now be accomplished in the course of minutes
which will overthrow the achievements of mankind built up in
the course of centuries. The earth is affrighted.
Men, unless reason and the arbitrament of justice be reasserted
on the earth, will hide beneath the ground on which the ruins of
human happiness have been overthrown. Do you think this
picture overdrawn ? Well, listen to this :
Let me quote from that most distinguished soldier, Major-
General Sir Frederick Maurice :
Early in May, 1915, the Germans made their second gas attack at
Ypres, employing a far ^eater volume of gas than in their first attack.
I remember that early m the morning, when this second attack took
place, I was riding just outside Haasebrouck when my horse suddenly
refused to go a yard further, and soon after I felt my own eyes smarting.
When I got back to my office I received a telegram with the news of
the gas attack, and realized that I and my horse had felt the sas 21
miles from the place where it had been discharged. If that gas had been
really poisonous, thousands of women and children in Haasebrouck
that day might have been killed. A fleet of aeroplanes could now carry
for several hundred miles as much gas as the Germans discharged on that
occasion, and if the gas were really poisonous, and the breeze carried it
for a distance of 21 miles from the place where it was dropped, the
destruction of the civil populaticm would indeed be wholesale.
So it has come to this. The conflict as old as history, between
right and wrong, the solutions as old as history, between material
advancement eventually pursued and ideal progress legally
\
240 THB WIDENING RANGE OF LAW.
achieved^ yet still there remains acknowledged remedies as cruel
as the darkest records of uncivilized humanity^ of the adjust-
ment of human affairs by force instead of by law. All these
things are before our mind now, but they have assumed a darker
color. The glory of our estate is shrouded by fear. The weak-
nesses of our remedies are pitiful to see. The cry of aggrieved
mankind is unavailing forever unless a new method^ a new range
of law be reached under which an orderly humanity shaU be
free, regardful of right and of duty and submissive to justice
after reasoned appeal.
^'Pride^ pomp and circumstance of glorious wax'' have dis-
appeared into a chemical cauldron. Chivalry and military glory^
there seems no room for them under the sim. They have fled and
in their place is left only the diabolism of the laboratory. The
powers of nature will undo us if they are in charge of the passions
of men. The restraint of human ambition will be ineffectual
unless humanity itself and its greatest nations rise in revolt
against the tyranny of those methods which^ regardless of law,
have triumphimtly cuWinated by striking h«mamty down.
In this task of widening the range of law your great country
has produced supremely great advocates. I sometimes think
that the federal idea^ the idea which the genius of Hamilton
and Washington combined to impress upon your people^ under
which state rights could be guaranteed and the union kept
secure, is on the eve of establishment on a world scale. All
nations claim their state rights, all nations protest against a
super-state, just as Hamilton's battles had to be fought against
a similar idea of the union being regarded as a super-state.
Far-sighted, able, philosophically minded men, have discerned
the day in which we now live, and the light of humanity in which
we now welter. To them it was justice, the verdict of reason and
to appeal to law, which are the salvation of mankind, and that
appeal was grounded upon essential and fundamental principles
of right, distributed with equal hand against wrong, from the
humblest to the highest spheres of human association and activ-
ity. To the philosophers like Kant and Grotius have succeeded
men of powerful practical insight, such as your own presidents.
Twelve years ago President Boosevelt visited Christiania. He
received there the Nobel prize, and delivered his lecture on in-
LORD SHAW. S41
temational peace, and the words he cited are the noble words of
which every American and every humanitarian should be proud.
They are these :
There is at least as much need to curb the cruel greed and arrogance
of part of the world of capital, to curb the cruel greed and violence of
part of the world of labor as to check a cruel and unhealthy militarism
in international relationships. I would like you to think over the wa^
that I have put that. I shall ever denounce wrong-doing because it is
wrong, whether, done by the rich or by "the poor.
We must ever bear in mind that the great end in view is righteous-
ness, justice as between man and man, nation and nation, the chance to
lead our lives on a somewhat higher level, with a broader spirit of
brotherly good-will one for another. Peace is generally good in itself,
but it is never the highest good unless it comes as ihe handmaid of
righteousnesB; and it becomes a very evil thing if it serves merely
as a made of cowardice and sloth, or as an instrument to further the
ends of despotism or anarchy
Now, having freely admitted the limitations to our work, and the
qualifications to be borne in mind, I feel that I have the right to have
my words taken seriously when I point out where, jn my judgment, great
advances can be made m the cause of international peace. I speak as
a practical man, and whatever I now advocate I actually tried to do
when I was for the time being the head of a great nation and keenly
jealous of its honor and interest. I ask other nations to do only what I
should be glad to see my own nation do.
Both upon its ideal and its practical sides this policy has
been followed by your great presidents and men of affairs.
Humanity in its noblest sense has never had better service than
from your most thoughtful of men. I think of men still living.
Not of your two great presidents alone^ Mr. Wilson and Mr.
Harding^ but of your great president and Chief Justice Taft —
that valiant and unwearied soul, and of another whose handwrit-
ing I have gratefully detected in the humaner details of those
fine pacts for the pacific and for the limitation of armaments —
I call him the Orotius of America/ and his name is Elihu Boot.
You see how I love the idea of justice as the reconciler of
antitheses. Even political antitheses come under its sway: Be
these great men Sepnblicans or Democrats, bless and honour
them all ; they meet on the level of seeking and following after
justice. And it is this which makes a law association, serene
in the exercise of its function and proud in its ministry, no
unfitting place for thoughts as wide as bringing the world under
homage to peace.
Humanity lies bleeding and stricken, and on many fair spaces
of the earth alike the hand of war and the hand of the doctrinaire
who knows not justice lie heavy like a curse. We think of the
242 THE WIDENING RANGE OF LAW.
tiiiion of the English speaking race, not for its own sake, but,
at this crisis of the history of the world, for the serrice that
lies to its hand — to staunch wounds, to redress wrongs, to
remove oppressions, and, better than all these, to teach men a
new and better way for body and for soul. In this communion
of service let our comradeship be sanctified ; its foundations will
be €UTe ; a comradeship of righteousness.
We men of the Anglo-American race, we must be comrades all,
'comrades forever. And I kiiow no plainer call to the comrade-
ship of righteousness than a common loyalty to law, and to
methods of its sure and equal appeal to reason. Our reward is
before us. The inspired prophetic word still rin^s like a
command — '^and the work of righteousness shall be peace, and
the effect of righteousness quietness and assurance forever.**
My appeal to you, gentlemen of the American Bar, is that the
ancient grudge should go and go forever, and that the ancient
comradeship should be renewed and repledged, renewed and
repledged forever.
By your forbearance, may I add this concluding word. Do not
think, do not dream, that we on the other side are not aware of
and not sympathetic with you in those constitutional difficulties
with which you are confronted. We know the fulminations of
Jefferson against alliances, we know the power of the written
constitution, not only over your minds but most deservedly over
your affections and your hearts. It will be highest task of your
statesmanship to evolve out of the citizenship of America some-
thing which honoring and conserving it, will yet give it a lofty
place in the citizenship of the world. These things cannot be
forced. To your statesmen and your great lawyers problems of
constitutional complexity will arise, misunderstandings will have
to be faced. It will be on a world scale with them as (^ an
American scale it was with Washington and with Hamilton
when, to their eternal honor, they unified America and answered
the extreme state rights claim with the federal idea. But I have
no fears for the result : Friendship claims it, the world awaits it.
Hard and many the difficulties will be. But is it not so in life ?
How often amidst the misrepresentations, the trials, the buffet-
ings of fortune, or the desertion of friends, have we not recalled
the words of WasWngtpft whjle |ie yrss in the sapje coil oi t?Q.uW«
LORD SHAW.
243
as for some years to come will confront your public men. But
we must go forward; we must follow the light: from this the
attractions of popularity dare not deflect us. In the hazards of
private life and professional it is as true as in those of great
public issues, we remember Washington's pronouncement :
If to please the people we offer what we ourselveB disapprove, how
can we afterwards defend our work? Let us raise a standanl to which
the wise and honest can repair. The event is in the hand of Go^.
THE DIVISION OF GOVERNMENTAL POWERS IN
PRANCE AND AMERICA.
M. HENRY AUBEPIN,
OV PABIB, FBANC8.
I bring to the American Bar Association the greeting of their
brethrea of the Bar of Paris.
It is needless for me to state that we appreciate the honor you
have done us in wishing to have a representative designated by
French lawyers with you at your annual meeting.
As for myself; I fully understand the importance of the mission
that ha^ been entrusted to me and it will be the honor of my
career to have been the messenger of my confreres on the other
side of the ocean to my brethren of this free and glorious America,
to which we are bound by so many memories and the irresistible
emotions of our hearts.
Both you and we, gentlemen, love liberty. We have suffered
and have fought for it, and it was only necessary that it should
be in peril to find ourselves reunited under its standards. You
and we, and our friends the English, have saved liberty once
more, and now that it is again safe from the blows directed against
it, it is sweet and satisfying for a citizen of free France, who has
devoted his life to the study and defense of justice, to come to this
land of liberty and celebrate with such eminent jurists as you
the worship of law which can exist only in the pure atmosphere
of liberty.
I should like, gentlemen, to discuss with you today a subject
which in France is occupying our thoughts: It is iiie relation
that exists between the Executive, the Legislative and the Judicial
powers. There seems to be developing among us an evolution
which has already been completed in your country. It may
interest you to learn how this problem presents itself in my
country, and I know you will not think me indiscreet if I ask you
to let us profit by your experience and permit me to take back to
Paris the enlightened opinions which I shall be able to obtain here.
(244)
IC. HHKBY AUBHPIN. 245
Under the influence of fhe ideae of Montefiqnieu and of his
'^ Spirit of Laws/' we adopted the dogma of the separation of
powers in order to maintain an eqnilibritun between the three
branches, the Ezeeutivey Legislatiye and Judicial, and to make the
separation absolute we have enclosed each in its own sphere — ^al-
most in what might be called its own compartment. But in human
affairs it is rare that separations of this kind are definitive; it is
rare that one of the branches does not give off other branches
which extend to the neighbor, arresting its development until it
is atrophied. But it is not always the same branch that prevails
or succumbs. A branch will be strong and flourishing in one cli-
mate and weak in another. It would seem that in America the
Judicial has gained the supremacy over the other two branches,
while in France it is the Legislati,ve that has become supreme.
Your courts determine the constitutionality of laws, ours only
apply them.
Formerly our Parliament had a right of remonstrance against
royal ordinances, and it is not necessary for me to recall to such
a learned body as this, how useful, and at times necessary, this
right was. But with the Bevolution and with the application of
the principle of the separation of powers the rdle of each was
strictly defined — the function of the Judiciary was to apply the
decisions made by the Legislature. Montesquieu wrote :
The closer the government approaches to a republic the more the
dedaions of the courts are determiaed by fixed rules In a
republican form of government it is of the essence of the Constitution
that the judges follow the letter of the law
And again :
If the courts are not to be controlled by fixed rules, their decisions must
be so, to the extent that they should never go beyond the text of the
law itself. If th^ were the individual opinions of the judges, we ^ould
be living in a world where we should not know what ^ligations we
were contracting.
The Constituent Assembly went further than merely to absorb
Montesquieu^s ideas; it appropriated them and carried them out
to their most extreme consequences. By the fundamental decree
of August 16-24, 1790, which confirmed the separation of powers,
it was the Assembly which enacted the laws and interpreted them.
A little later there was created another body, the Trtbunal de
246 GOVEBNMENTAL P0WBR8 IN FBANCB AND AMBRIOA.
CiMsation, whode duty it was to supervise most rigorously the
strict application of the law by the bodies charged with that duty.
The mission of the Tribunal de Cassation was to anniQ every judg-
ment which contravened in any way the text of the law. The
whole system has been summarized by a learned author as follows :
The courts must obey the law, and the law should suffice for them
to do justice; if, for example, the judges openly disre^rd it, the Tri^
hunal de Cassation is there to annul their decision. If, m spite of rever-
sal, the lower courts continue to resist, so that a second reversal is
required, then a presumption arises that the law is obscure or insufficient
on the point at issued The Tribunal de Cassation ^i^uld then demand
an official and obligatory interpretation from the Legislature, which is
the only body competent to settle judicial problems.
Robespierre said :
The expression " Jurisprudence des Tribunaux," in the sense in which
it was used under the old r^ime has no further significance. It should
be erased from our language. In a state which has a Constitution and
a L^islature, "la jurisprudence des Tribunaux'' is nothing but the
law itself.
The Convention^ which succeeded the Constituent Assembly,
went so far as to reverse the judgments of the Tribunal de Cassa-
tion. The absolute supremacy of the legislative power was thus
politically and philosophically confirmed.
The authors of the Civil Code did not believe^ perhaps^ as
strongly as their Revolutionary predecessors in the absolute virtue
of the text of a law; they would, however, have been astonished
if they had heard the statement made a century later by the first
Magistrate of France, le Premier President of the Court of Cassa-
tion, Mr. Ballot Beaupr6, on the occasion of the celebration of the
Centenary of the Civil Code.
When the text is clear and precise in form and does not allow of any
doubt, the judge is bound to conform and obey ; if he does not, he fails
in an elementary duty, and such abuses, should they become general,
would produce veritable anarchy. But when the text presents some
ambiguity, when doubts arise as to its meaning and extent, when, taken
in connection with another text it can be to an extent contradicted or
limited, or, on the other hand, extended, I am of opinion tliat in such
a case the judge has the widest powers of interpretation. He should
not obstinately try to discover the thought of the authors of the Code a
hundred years ago in drafting such and such an article; he should ask
himself what their thoughts would have been had they been drafting
the same article today; he should say to himself that in view of all the
changes which have occurred during the last century in the ideas, the
habits, the institutions, the economio and social state of France, justice
and reason require that the text be adapted liberally and humanely to
the realities and the needs of modem Life.
M. HBNTRY AUBBPIN. 247
To adapt the text of the law to the exigencies of life — that is
something tliat would make the legislators of the beginning of
the last century rage in their graves !
And yet President Ballot Beaupr^ cites many cases where the
judge, jSuding himself faced by conditions which the authors of
the code had not provided for, either because they did not exist
or because they were not foreseen, has made his decision by apply-
ing in a broad and remarkably liberal spitit the provisions of
the Code Napoleon.
As a matter of fact, the judge is frequently forced to supple-
ment the law. Portalis, himself, one of the authors of the Civil
Code, said: "It is impossible for a legislator . to provide for
everything. A code, no matter how complete it may seem, is no
sooner drafted than a thousand unexpected questions present
themselves to the magistrate; but in none of these cases do we
see the judge rectify the law.**
Now a new tendency is leading the judge to correct the work
of the legislator. It is especially in our war legislation that this
tendency is manifested. As a learned author remarks, our
Supreme Court has shown in these circumstances a distinct
tendency to treat the legislative texts with greater liberty than in
the past. You, yourselves, I have been informed, have not
escaped more than we, what we call in France the Housing Crisis.
It exists everywhere with us, in the smallest villages as well as
the most populous centers. Last year one of my friends, a lawyer,
had a striking example of this. When we go to plead before a
provincial court, it is customary to call on the president of the
Tribunal at his own home. My friend, having inquired for the
residence of the president, was informed that he would finr5 the
magistrate in the Palais de Justice. My friend went there and
found the judge in the room reserved for the deliberations of the
judges. But what was his stupefaction when he saw in this room
a bed! "Ah, yes,** said the president, observing his astonish-
ment, "as there is no unoccupied apartment in town, this is
where I live.**
This abnormal state of affairs is the cause, unless it be the
result, of the whole system of legislation.
Charged with the duty of applying the law in regard to rents,
and, above all,, with the necessity of enforcing the legal prolonga-
248 GOVERNMENTAL POWEBS IN FRANOB AND AKBBICA.
tion of leases^ the courts give an interpretation to the law which
appears to the legislators so contrary to the thought which in-
spired it that three times they have passed statutes in order to
induce the judges to serve their will.
But^ gentlemen^ we have seen even more ! We have seen the
judge no longer obliged to yield to the repeated orders of the
legislative power; we have seen the legislative power bend to the
decisions of the judges.
War legislation furnishes us with still another example. Be-
side the heroes^ all wars have produced speculators who have taken
advantage of the enormous needs of the moment to raise the
prices of necessities in a scandalous manner and make rapid for-
tunes. The last war^ with us^ produced, beside a harvest of brave
and pure young men, an abominable crop of tares, the most
shameful of human beings, the profiteers.
It was necessary for the legislature to intervene and take steps
to circumvent the shameful movement. Therefore, in 1916, a
law was passed in regard to illicit speculation extending the pro-
visions of the Penal Code to those who cornered the necessities of
life and to combinations of speculators. This statute inter-
fered with the free play of the law of demand and supply,
and this in turn would have upset all markets. The courts, it
must be admitted, interpreted the law in such a manner as to
avoid doing this: Instead of attacking the artificial rise of
prices, they attacked the making of an excessive profit, and in
order to define an excessive profit, they arrogated to themselves
the right to fix the maximum profit. We lawyers protested with
the utmost energy and at every possible opportunity against an
application of the law which was contrary to the law itself, and
the question was brought before Parliament. The author of the
law himself protested, declaring that the courts were not applying
the law, but were interpreting it in a manner entirely contrary to
the ideas of its f ramers. The courts insisted upon their interpre-
tation and this is what happened: Parliament adhered to the
doctrine of the courts. Not only did it no longer protest against
the decisions, it agreed so completely with them as to announce
its intention to extend the law beyond the period when it was to
M. HBNBY AUBBPIK. M9
have terminated. Tbere^ gentlemen^ is that not a fine example
of the progress of the judicial power P
This is not the only example I could cite. A whole new school
is coming into being which gi^es the judiciary power over the
legislature. In support of their position they refer to you^ gentle-
men^ and to your country.
Laws have been passed at times which were manifestly con-
trary to our fundamental law and even to the charter of our
country — the Declaration of the Bights of Man and of the Citi-
zen. Many of our jurisconsults would wish to do away with the
possibility of such attacks and seek to give the judges the right
to judge the law, and quite naturally hope to introduce into our
judicial system the right of the courts to pass on the constitu-
tionality of laws.
Are they wrong, or are they right? You, gentlemen, are in
the best position to answer this question.
What is the best way to defend the Bight ? The defense of the
Right, as I have said before, is equally dear to us both. You have,
indeed, proved it. Eight years ago the Bight was outrageously
violated. Treaties were violated, international law was violated,
and the laws of war were violated. And while we dung to the
soil of our country with the endurance and tenacity which are
the dominant qualities of the children of France, the winds of
ocean carried to you the echo of all the outrages which the Bight
was suffering. *
Then, in defense of the Bight, you arose ; and you, who from
the first hours of our trial had given us the help of your generous
charity brought us the support of your armed forces. ^* Might
is greater than Bight,'' said Bismarck. You, my friends, put
Might in the camp of Bight and that brought the victory.
A Frenchman coming to America would be an ingrate if he did
not call up the memories of all you did for France. Here among
lawyers he may well call up those memories, for what you did for
France you did for the Bight.
POSSIBLE AND NEEDED BEPORMS IN THE
ADMINISTRATION OP JUSTICE IN
THE FEDERAL COURTS.
BT
WILLIAM HOWARD TAFT,
CHIEF JUSTIGB OP THE UNITED STATES.
I hope you feel in a proper state of mind this mornings in view
of the roof under which you are gathered. I don't know any
reason why the distinction was made by which Lord Shaw of Dun-
fermline should speak in a place where athletic contests had there-
tofore been had> and I should be assigned to this sacred structure.
It was doubtless because they knew that Lord Shaw could be
trusted anywhere. I am sorry that we have not had the benefit
of this fine church auditorium for all the sessions. I feel in
speaking here as if I were enjoying an undue privilege, — as if it
were denying to others the equal protection of the law, not to
give them the same opportunity. However, I shall need your
prayers and all your self-restraint to keep your attention to
what I have to present to you this morning, because it is going
to be dry to the point of satisfying the Anti-Saloon League.
For many years, the disposition of business in the federal courts
of first instance was prompt and satisfactory. This was because
the business there was limited, and the force of judges sufficient
to dispose of it ; but of recent years the business has grown be-
cause of the tendency of Congress toward wider legislative
regulation of matters plainly within the federal power which it
had not been thought wise theretofore, to subject to federal con-
trol. More than that, the general business of the coxmtry, and
the consequent litigation growing out of it has increased, so that
even in fields always occupied by the federal courts, the judicial
force has proved inadequate. In this situation, the war came on,
statutes were multiplied, aad gave a special stimulus to federal
business. Since the war, there has been a great increase of
crimes of all kinds throughout the country. This within the
federal jurisdiction has included depredations on interstate com-
merce, and schemes to defraud in which are used facilities fur-
nished by the general government.
(260)
WILtJAM MOWAtO) *t^ATT. 251
Then under the inspiration of the war^ traffic in intozicatLog
liquors was forbidden^ and under the same inspiration the 18th
Amendment was passed and the Volstead Law was put upon the
statute book. Prosecutions under this law alone have added to
the business in the federal courts certainly 10 per cent; while
cases growing out of the income and other war taxation^ out of
war contracts and claims against the government^ have made
discouraging arrears in many congested centers. The criminal
business has usually been first attacked^ and the effort to dispose
of it has in soi»e jurisdictions nearly stopped the work on the
civil side.
The Attorney-General, properly as it seems to me, conceived
that the first step to take was the creation of new judgeships.
A bill was introduced in both Houses for the addition of 18
district judges to the judicial force, two for each circuit, who
were not to be assigned to any district, but were to be subject to
call to any district in the circuit in which they were appointed,
to assist the existing district judges. In addition, these judges
and the existing district judges were made subject to assignment
from one circuit to another where the business required it. The
suggestion of a flying squadron of judges, however, did not meet
with approval in the House of Representatives, and the Judiciary
Committee of that body preferred to add local district judges
for the districts where the congestion was most apparent.
Accordingly a bill was put through which made new judges in
21 districts. The bill when it reached the Senate was modified
somewhat. It went to conference, and a bill which provides for
24 new district judges and one circuit judge in the Fourth Cir-
cuit has been reported to both Houses. It is opposed, and will
doubtless lead to discussion; but in view of the previous votes in
the two Houses, it seems likely that the bill will pass before the
close of this Congress.
The bill contains a very important provision, which it seems to
me will make for expedition and efficiency. While the districts
which receive new judges are those in which additions to the
judicial force are most needed, there are arrears in other dis-
tricts and the delays and defeats of justice are not confined to
the normal jurisdiction of the 24 new judges. The new bill
atithorizes a judicial council of lOgudges, consisting of the Chief
252 BSFORMS IN THB ABJCINISTBATION OF JUSTIOB.
ft
Justice and the senior associate judge of each circuit, which is to
meet in Washington the last Monday in September, to consider
reports from each district judge with a description of the char-
acter of the arrears, and a recommendatipn as to the extra judicial
force needed in his district. The conference thus called is to
consider at large plans for the ensuing year by which the district
judges available for assignment may be best used, l^he senior
circuit judge of each circuit is given authority to assign any
district judge of one district to any other in his circuit, while
the Chief Justice is given authority to assign any district judge
in one circuit to a district in any other circuit, upon request of
the senior circuit judge of the circuit to which the district judge
is to be assigned, and the consent of the senior circuit judge
of the circuit from which he is to be taken.
These provisions allow team work. They throw upon the coun-
cil of judges the responsibility of making the judicial force do a
work which is distributed unevenly throughout the entire country.
It etids the absurd condition, which has heretofore prevailed,
under which each district judge has had to paddle his own canoe
and has done as much business as he thought proper. Thus one
judge has broken himself down in attempting to get through an
impossible docket, and another has let the arrears grow, in a calm
philosophical contemplation of them ba an inevitable necessity
that need not cause him to lie awai^e nights. It may take some
time to get this new machinery into working operation, but I feel
confident that the change will vindicate itself. The application of
the same executive principle to the disposition of legal business
in the municipal courts of certain cities, and in the courts of some
states, has worked well. Although the whole United States is a
more difficult field in which to apply it, there would seem to be no
reason why its more ambitious application should not prove
useful.
A good many objections, I may state informally, have been
made to this feature of the bill. It is thought that it gives
too much power to the council of judges, and especially to the
Chief Justice. Gentlemen have suggested that I would send dry
judges to wet territory and wet judges to dry territory, oblivious
of the fact that the Chief Justice has not the means of assigning
them to any particular work in any district to which he may assign
WILMAM HOWARD TAPT. 253
tbem^ and that assigmnent to cases must necessarily be made by
the local district judge who is in charge^ and oblivious of the fact
also that it is only by the consent of the two circuit judges that
he can act. It nevertheless did serve to call out in the discussion
references to JeftrejSy and other notorious judges in the history
of our profession, which did not seem to be altogether compli-
mentary to those to whom the references were applied.
Second^ I come to the appellate business in the federal system.
In the old days when business was light in all the federal
courts, the appeals and writs of error that were taken to the
Supreme Court were not sufficiently numerous to occupy the full
time of the Supreme Court and the justices were able to do a
large amount of circuit work. Indeed, under the statute, until
recent years, a circuit justice was required to visit each district
in the circuit to which he was assigned, once in two years. As
the appellate business grew, however, this rule became more
honored in the breach tiian in the observance, and it has now
been properly repealed. Its existence, however, showed that there
was a time when its obligation was not unreasonable.
It has had one effect^ good or otherwise, as you may be affected
by it, that it justified the adjournment of the Supreme Court
early in the spring, in order that the Justices might do their
circuit work. And if they didn't have any circuit work, the
logical result was that it en^^rged their summer vacation. Now
we have been gradually creeping up on that vacation, so that
ultimately it may come within reasonable limits.
In 1891 a new intermediate court was created — ^ihe Circuit
Court of Appeals, one to each circuit, and the circuit judges were
ultimately increased so as to give three or more circuit judges
for each court of appeals, except that of the fourth circuit where
there are only two. The new bill proposes to give that circuit an
additional judge. In the Act of 1891 appeals were allowed from
the courts of first instance to the circuit court of appeals, and,
speaking generally, the judgments of the new court in cases de-
pending on diverse citizenship, patent cases, admiralty cases and
criminal cases, were made final. This radical change became neces-
sary because of the arrears in the Supreme Court, which put
the court three years behind the disposition of its cases. The
new syjstem worked a great reform, and the court was able
254 REFORMS IN THE ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE.
to catch up and keep up with its business until within recent
years. Now there is an interval of 15 months between the filing
of a case in the court and its hearing. To be exact, I had the
clerk give me the time taken between the filing of the transcript
and the hearing of the last ten cases on the regular docket heard
in the Supreme Court, and the average interval was 14 months
and 16 days. This is due not alone to the number of cases filed,
but also to the fact that with the increasing number of cases in
which emergent public interest demands that a speedy disposition
be had, many cases are taken out of their order and are advanced.
Much of the time of the court is consumed in the hearing of such
cases and the regular docket is delayed.
The members of the Supreme Court have become so anxious
to avoid another congestion like that of the decade before 1891,
that they have deemed it proper themselves to prepare a new bill
amending the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court and to urge its
passage. A committee was appointed some two years ago, and
this year they gave great attention to it. The committee was
composed of Mr. Justice Day, Mr. Justice McKeynolds, and
Mr. Justice Vandeventer, while the Chief Justice was an ex-
oflScio member. The bill is now pending in both houses of
Congress*. The Act of 1891 introduced into the appellate- sys-
tem a discretionary jurisdiction of the Supreme Court over
certain classes of appeals. It proceeded on the theory that so
far as the litigants were concerned, their rights were sufficiently
protected by having one trial in a court of first instance, and one
appeal to a court of appeal, and that an appeal to the Supreme
Court of the United States should only be allowed in cases whose
consideration would be in the public interest. Accordingly under
existing law, appeals in diverse citizenship cases, in patent cases,
in bankruptcy cases, in admiralty cases, and in criminal cases,
can now reach the Supreme Court for review only when that
court shall, after consideration of the briefs and record, deem
it in the public interest to grant the writ of certiorari. By
the Act of 1916, this discretionary power of the court was ex-
tended and its obligatory jurisdiction reduced, as to review of the
state court judgments, so that now the only questions which
can come by writ of error from a state court to the Supreme
Court as a matter of right, are those in which the validity of
WILLIAM HOWABD TAFT. 255
a state statate or authority or of a federal statute or authority
under the Constitution has been the subject of consideration
by the state courts and has been sustained in the former^ or
denied in the latter case. All constitutional questions arising
in the federal courts, in the district courts or the Circuit Court
of Appeals^ subject to review at all, may under existing law be
brought to the Supreme Court as of right. Thus there is a
distinction between writs of review from the state courts and
review of the subordinate ffederal courts.
The new bill increases the discretionary appellate jurisdiction
now vested in the Supreme Court so that no ^e of any kind can
be taken from the Circuit Court of Appeals to the Supreme
Court of the United States without application for a certiorari.
Obligatory appeals from all other courts subordinate to the
Supreme Court of the United States, except from the federal
district courts in a limited class of cases and from the state courts,
are also abolished and only review by certiorari is provided. This
includes the Court of Appeals of the District of Columbia and the
Court of Claims, as well as the territorial courts. Direct appeals
from the district courts to the Supreme Court in jurisdictional
and constitutional questions are abolished and such questions
are to reach the Suprteie Court only through the Circuit Court
of Appeals. These changes it is thought will give the Supreme
Couri; such control over the business ^as that it can catch up
with its docket.
The objection urged to the bill is that it gives the Supreme
Court too wide discretionary power in respect to granting appeals,
and that a thorough examination of the cases on the applications
for certiorari is impossible.
The bill has been recommended by the members of the court
only after a very full consideration of the subject. They are
convinced that it is the best and safest method of avoiding arrears
on their docket. It does not need an extended and close argument
upon the merits of a question to enable the court to decide whether
it is important enough in a public sense to justify its considera-
tion. It is not necessary upon such an application for the court
to decide the issues which were considered below. That is noi
what the certiorari should turn on. The court can quickly ac-
quire knowledge of the nature of the questions in the case from
9
256 BSFOEHS IN THB ADICINISTRATION OF JUSTIOB.
the briefs filed. To allow an oral argument on such applications
would be largely to defeat the object of the new bill. ETery brief
presented is carefully examined by each member of the court and
every case is discussed and voted on. I want to emphasize
that, because I am a witness.
The class of cases most pressed upon the court for the writ of
certiorari is not that of the cases that involve serious constitu-
tional questions or questions of public importance. The motive
of the litigants generally is merely to get another chance to have
questions of importance to them, but not of importance to the
public, passed upon by another court.
The present discretionary power of the Supreme Court in allow-
ing appeals in certain cases coming from state supreme courts and
involving federal constitutional questions is very little enlarged
by the new bill. The change in the\iew bill on this point was
made rather to clarify the meaning of the existing law than to
enlarge the court's discretion, and if objected to may well be
stricken out. The general power of certiorari in such constitu-
tional questions was conferred in the Act of 1916, and has been
exercised ever since. It was granted because Congress found that
counsel were often astute in framing pleadings in state courts to
create an unsubstantial issue of federal constitutional law and so
obtain an unwarranted writ of error to the Supreme Court. It
was, therefore, thought wise not to permit a writ of error as of
right in any cases except in those in which the plaintiff in error
could show that a state court had held a state statute valid which
was said to be in violation of the federal Constitution, or a •
federal statute invalid for the same reason ; and to require in all
other cases of alleged violation of federal constitutional limita-
tion that the Supreme Court should be given a preliminary oppor-
tunity on summary hearing to say whether the claim made pre-
sented a real question of doubtful constitutional law^ or was, on
its face, unworthy of serious consideration in view of settled
principles. It was thought that a court very familiar with such
questions by constant application of them, could in a summary
hearing separate wheat from the chaff and promptiy end litiga-
tion, the continuance of which must do great injustice to the suc-
cessful party below, and, what is more important, clog the docket
and delay the hearing of meritorious causes.
WILLIAM HOWARD TAJT. 25?
As already said, the new. bill extends the certiorwri jurisdiction
of the Supreme Court to constitutional questions which are de-
cided by the federal circuit courts of appeal. There really isn't
any reason why a distinction should be made between the state
supreme courts in this regard and the Circuit Court of Appeals.
If in two federal courts whose reason for being is to protect the
rights of individuals against local prejudice in state courts, or
against infraction of their federal constitutional rights, a com-
plainant is defeated, surely it is not conferring undue power upon
the Supreme Court, whose members are engaged daily and for
years in the consideration of such questions and their final adjudi-
cation, to provide a preliminary investigation into their serious-
ness and importance before burdening that court and its docket
with a lengthy and formal hearing. The public and other liti-
gants have rights in respect of frivolous and unnecessary consump-
tion of the time of the Supreme Court which the use of the writ of.
certiorari seems to be the only practical method of preserving.
Too many appeals impose an unfair burden on the poor liti-
gant. Gentlemen, speed and despatch in business are essential to
do justice.
. Various methods have been adopted to limit appeals to courts
of last resort. One is by imposing heavy costs. But that puts
the privilege within the reach of the longer purse. Again
classification by subject matter has been attempted, but this
has not prevented clogging the docket with cases presenting no
question of general interest or diflBculty. In Calif ornia, in Ohio,
in Illinois and in other states, the legislature has extended to the
state supreme court a discretion after preliminary and summary
examination, to grant or deny appeals.
The failure of the Supreme Court to lay down definite rules
for determining the cases in which certioraris should be granted
has called for adverse conmient. This is unjust. Certain general
rules have been laid down. The writ is used to secure uniformity
of decision in subordinate courts of appeal and to decide questions
of general public importance which are not well settled. It is said
that this is vague. But the very postulate upon which the discre-
tion is granted is that definite rules for determining the appeal-
able cases have not proved satisfactory, and that it is better to let
268 RBFOEMS IN THE ADMINISTRATION. OF JUSTICB.
the Supreme Court distinguish between questions of real public
importance and those whose decision is only important to the
litigants.
The members of the court have recommended the new bill to
Congress because they believe it to be the most effective way of
speeding the disposition of causes before it and therefore speeding
justice. The gain which the arrears have made upon the court
during this last year down to July 29 is represented by 70
cases^ or 20 per cent of the whole number in arrear^ and while the
court will make an effort to reduce the arrears the prospect is,
in view of the great additions to business in the subordinate
courts, that the court will fall further and further behind.
I may speak of a secondary reason why this bill should pass.
The statutes defining the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court and
of the circuit courts of appeal are not as clear as they should be.
It is necessary to consult a number of them in order to find exactly
what the law is, and I regret to say that without clarification by
a revision, the law as to the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court,
and of the Circuit Court of Appeals, is more or less a trap, in
which counsel are sometimes caught. This bill removes all tech-
nical penalties for mistaken appellate remedies.
Of course amendments could be made which would easily cut
down the work of the Supreme Court, if Congress wishes to adopt
a different function for the federal courts than they now have.
If it chooses to abolish the inferior federal courts or to take
away their jurisdiction in diverse citizenship cases and in cases
involving a federal question, as has been suggested by some, it
would relieve business congestion in them and in the Supreme
Court. The theory is advanced that a citizen of one state now
encounters no prejudice in the trial of cases in the state cotirts
of another state, and that the constitutional ground for the
diverse citizenship of federal courts has ceased to operate. If
the time has come to cut down the subject matter of federal
judicial jurisdiction, it simplifies much the question of the bur-
den of work in the federal courts, but that has not been the ten-
dency of late years. I venture to think that there may be a
strong dissent from the view that danger of local prejudice in
state courts against non-residents is at an end. Litigants from
the eastern part of the country who are expected to invest their
WILUAM HOWABD TAFT. 259
capital in the West or Souths will hardly concede the propoaitiou
that their interests as creditors will be as snre of impartial judicial
consideration in a western or southern state court as in a federal
court. The material question is not so much whether the justioe
administered is actually impartial and fair^ as it is wbettier it
is thought to be so by those who are considering the wisdom of
iavesting their capital in states where that capital is needed for
the promotion of enterprises and industrial and comznercial
progress. No single element — and I want to emphasize this be-
cause 1 donH think it is always thought of — ^no single element in
our governmental system has done so much to secure capital for
the legitimate development of enterprises throughout the West
and South as the existence of federal courts there, jrith a juris-
diction to hear diverse citizenship cases. But of course the
taking away of fundamental jurisdiction from the federal courts
is within the power of Congress, and it is not for me to disouss
such a legislative policy. My suggestions are intended to meet
the situation as it is, and to secure some method by which
civil litigation under existing law may be promptly and justly
dispatched. The trial of criminal cases in the federal courts is
not within the scope of this paper.
A perfectly possible and important improvement in the prac-
tice in the federal courts ought to have been made long ago.
It is the abolition of two separate courts, one of equity and one
of law, in the consideration of civil cases. It has been preserved
in the federal court, doubtless out of respect for the phrase '^ cases
in law and equity " used in the description of the judicial power
granted to the federal government in the C!onstitution of the
United States. Many state courts years ago abolished the dis-
tinction and properly brought all litigation in their courts into
one form of civil action. No right of a litigant to a trial by
jury on any issue upon which he was entitled to the nghi of
trial by jury at common law need be abolished by the diange.
This is shown by the every-day practice in any state court that
hais a code of civil procedure. The same thing is true with
reference to the many forms of equitable relief which were intro-
duced by the chancellor to avoid the inelasticity, the rigidity,
inadequacy and injustice of common law rules and remedies. The
intervention of a proceeding in equity to stay prooeedings at com-
260 BBFOBMS IN THS ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTIOB.
mon law and transfer the issues of a case to a hearing before the
chancellor was effective to prevent a jury trial at common hm long
before our Constitution, and would not be any more so under a
procedu]^e in which the two systems of courts were abolished.
Already under the federal code, there is a statutory provision
which has not yet been much considered by the courts, by which
an equitable defense may be pleaded to a suit at law. Jf we
may go so far, it is a little difficult to see why the distinction
between the two courts may not be wholly abolished, and the
constitutional right of trial by jury retained unaffected.
If the separation of equity and law for the purpose of admini-
stration is to be abolished in the federal system, and they are to
be worked out together in the same tribunal, then a new procedure
must be adopted. Who shall frame it? Shall Congress do it or
merely authorize it to be done by rules of court ? Congress from
the beginning of the government has committed to the Supreme
Court the duty and power to make the rules in equity, the rules
in admiralty, and the rules in bankruptcy. Moreover, this Ameri-
can Bar Association has for some years been pressing upon Con-
gress the delegation of power to the Supreme Court to regulate by
rule the procedure in suits at law. There would seem to be no
reason why, where the more difficult work of uniting legal and
equitable remedies in one procedure is to be done, the Supreme
Court, or at least a committee of federal judges, should not be
authorized and directed to do it. Of course the present statutes
governing a separate administration of law and equity must be
amended or revised by Congress, and certain general requirements
be declared, but the main task of reconciling the two forms of
procedure can be best effected by rules of court.
The same problem arose in the courts of England and has
been most successfully solved. By the Judicature Act of 1873,
Parliament vested in one tribunal, the Supreme Court of Judi-
. cature, the adininistration of law and equity in every cause coming
before it. This court was made up of the Court of Appeal and
of the High Coutt of Justice. By subsequent acts, the divisions
of the High Court were reduced to three: (1) The King's
Bench, (2) Equity, and (3) Probate, Divorce and Admiralty,
as they now are. They are all merely parts of the same High
Courts but for convenience the suits are brought in those di-
WILUAM HOWARD TAFT. 2l6I
visions respectively corresponding to the remedies sought. .If
it happens that what would have been equitable relief is sought
in the King's Bench^ it may be granted there^ but it is more
likely to be assigned to the Equity Division^ and vice versa.
Judges familiar with the equity practice are appointed to the
Equity Division^ and those familiar with the law side of the
practice are sent to the King's Bench. Then there has grown
up a separate branch of the High Court in which only coin-
mercial cases are heard, and to that court judges familiar with the
law merchant and commercial contracts and customs are assigned
and the cases are heard and decided with remarkable dispatch*
They are, perhaps, agreed cases, but they are submitted and dis-
posed of, most important cases, within 40 days. There is the
same division of the practice among the barristers under the in-
fluence of the older separation of law and equity administration:
The courts of the High Court are, however, now all one court,
with full power to give any kind of relief the nature of the case
requires. Parliament gave to a committee of the judges and
representatives of the barristers and solicitors, power to recom-'
mend rules of practice for this new system. The present pro-
cedure is the result of rules adopted in 1883, amended from time
to time by the same authority, as the experience with the existing
rules showed the necessity. The rules and amendments are
reported to Parliament for its rejection or amendment, but
until that is forthcoming, they control the procedure.
It was my good fortune during three weeks of this summer
to be able to attend the hearings of all the various branches oi
the courts of England. I have heard it questioned whether, in
view of the report that was given in this country as to my activi-
ties in London that were not exactly judicial or professional,
it was possible for me to absorb any knowledge with reference
to the practice in the English courts. I think Lord Shaw has*
lent a little support to that view by certain remarks that I have
heard him make. I am not disposed to say that in an ordinary
case suc]^ evidence would not be convincing. But to m^i who
have attended ihe meetings of the American Bar Assdciation, and
know what a single individual of digestive experience can do in
the matter of functions for a week, a great deal will seem possible
in three weeks.
262 BSFORMS IN THB ADMINI8TRATI0K OF JUSTIOB.
I may stop to say that I am deeply grateful f^r the reception
which was given me as Chief Justice by the Bench and the Bar of
England^ and for the truly brotherly spirit which they manifested.
Of course, one cannot separate himself from the personal in such
a manifestation. He knows it is not really personal^ but represen-
tative, but he thanks God that he happens to be the personal
representative to receive it. They opened their arms. Every-
thing that they could do they did. It showed to me what I have
always thought to be the case, that one of the strongest bonds
between this country and Britain is the bond between professional
men of the law and the judges who have to do with the admini-
stration of justice in both countries.
In connection with this general subject, the treasurer of the
Association, Mr. Wadhams has asked me to read a letter, which
I am sure you will be glad to hear.
The Royal Courts of Justice, London, July 21/1922.
At the suggestion of Viscount Cave, who enjoyed the privilege of
the hospitality of the American Bar Association the year before last,
and with the approval of the Lord Chancellor, I am writing to you,
tentatively, to ascertain whether I might send you a formal mvitation
to the American Bar AjBociation to hold their annual meeting in 1924
in London. It will be a great honor and pleasure to the Bar of En-
gland if this could be arranged.
There are a number of matters, such as the time, the places of meeting,
and facilities which would have to be considered, as well bb minor
details, but if you were to let me know that the invitation would be
acceptable to the American Bar Association, it would be a pleasure to
me to send you a formal invitation upon hearing from you.
Perhaps at the same time you would let me know the number who
would be likely to come and the time during which the meeting would
last. These matters, however, I leave for further consideration, and
ask yoii to let me know as a preliminary whether my suggestion is one
that the American Bar Association would entertain.
1 feel sure that there are many of the Bench and Bar here who would
be glad to join in oflfering a welcome to your Association, and who
hope, as I do, that the plan may be found possible.
Yours very truly,
Ebnbst M. Pollock.
Sir Ernest Pollock is the Attorney-General of England.
With respect to that suggestion, I may say that I was in
attendance at the s»-called Grand Night, at Gray's Inn, in London.
The Lord Chancellor was there ; so also were the President of the
Probate, Divorce, and Admiralty Division, Sir Henry Duke, Mr.
Justice Darling, Sir John Simon, and a number of others. The
question of such a visit was discussed. They were all strongly in
WILLIAM %OWABD TAPT. 263
fayor of it. And I can assure you that if the Association deems it
wise to accept this for th^ year 1924^ those who go will never
regret it or forget it. The Lord Chancellor^ Viscount Birkenhead,
I have been pressing to come to this country and attend the meet^
ing of the American Bar Association next year. I am not sure
how his engagements will be, but that he will be glad to come, if
he can come, I know. Certainly the American Bar Association
would be delighted to receive him, not only as the highest judicial
officer of Great Britain, but as a man of the greatest ability and
the greatest charm, and a man that you would be pleased to take
into your bosom as a fellow judge and fellow member of the Bar.
Now, having proved to you that I gave sufficient attention to the
practice in the Royal Courts, I am going to give you my oon-
elusions. I had looked into the description of the prooeduie
which at present obtains in those courts as described in a Tery
useful book prepared by Mr. Samuel Bosenbaum, of the Phila-
delphia Bar, entitled, ^'The Bule Making Authority in tbe
English Supreme Court,'' and I was permitted to be present
and note the practical operation of the rules. The history of
their adoption is set out in great detail by Mr. Bosenbaum, and
I shall not detain you with an attempt at even a r6ramA of
the growth of the system and the remarkable character of the
reform which was effected through the rules in the administration
of English justice. Nor am I competent to do so with accuracy
of detail. I can only essay a most general description.
If one will read the contrast between the dreadful inadequacy
of English courts and the administration of English justice in
1837, when Victoria ascended the throne, and their efficiency and
admirable work in 1887, when ehe celebrated her golden jubilee,
as described by Lord Bowen, one of the great English judges, in
his jubilee essay on the Administration of Law, he may well take
courage as to what may be done with our system in the way of
bettering it. Describing the result of the change of procedure by
rules of court, Lord Bowen used these words :
A complete body of rules— which poasert the great merit of elasticity,
and which (subject to the veto of Parliament) is altered from time to
time by the judges to meet defects as they appear — governs the pro-
cedure of the Supreme Court and all its branches. In every cause,
whatever its character, every possible relief can be given with or with-
out pleadings, with or without a formal trial, with or without discovery
of documents and interrogatories, as the nature of the case prescribes—
upon oral evidence or affidavits, as is moat convenient. Every amend-
.264 BEFORMS IN THE ADMIKATEATXON OF JUSTIOB.
ment cftn be made at all times and all stages in any record, pleading or
proceeding, that is requisite for the purpose of deciding the real matter
m controversy. It may be asserted withotit fear of contradiction that it
is not possible in the year 1887 for an honest litigant in Her Majesty's
Supreme Court to be defeated by any mere technicality, any slip, any
mistaken step in his litig[ation. The expenses of the law are stiU too
heavy, uid have not diminished pcai passu with other abuses. But law
has ceased to be a scientific game that may be won or lost by playing
some particular move.
The justness of this summary is thus upheld by that great
jurist, Mr. Dicey :
Any critic who dispassionately weighs these sentences, notes their
full meaning, and remembers that they are even more true in 1005
than in 1887, will partially imderstand the immensity of the achievement
performed by Bentham and his school in the amendment of procedure —
that is, in giving reality to the legal rights of individuals.
The means by which this reform was accomplished and the
av6wed object of the fiamers of the rules was to effect ^' a change
in piocediire which would enable the court at an early stage of
the litigation^ to obtain control over the suit and exercise a close
supervision over the proceedings in the action.'^ Thus could
dilatory Jsteps be eliminated, imnecessary discovery prevented,
needed discovery promptly had, and the decks quickly clearecl for
' the real nub of the case to be tried. It was first proposed to dis-
' card pleadings, but this was abandoned. Suit is begun by service
df a writ of aummbns. Shortly after the appeariance ot the defen-
dant, a siinimonis for directions is issued to him, at the instance
of the plaintiff, requiring him to appear before a master or
judge to settle the fiitiire proceedings in the cause. In the King's
Bench this work is done by masters. In equity and commercial
cases, it is usually done by the judge to whom the case is assigned.
' The master or judge make9 ah order as to the manner in which the
cdse shallbe carried on and tried. In cases in which the original
writ' is endorsed with notice that the claim is for a fixed sum as
lipoh a contract, a sale of goods, a note or otherwise, and the
' plaintiff files an affidavit that there is ho defence, the master may
Andet Rule XIV, require the defendant to file an affidavit showing
that he has a good defence and specifying it before he may file
answer. If he files no such affidavit, summary judgment goes
against him. In other cases, the master or judge makes an order,
fixing time for pleadings and kind of trial, and no step is there-
after taken without application to the master or judge, so that the
latter supervises all discovery sought, decides what is proper, and
WIUJAH HOWABO TAJfT. 265
leqnires the partiee " to lay their cards face up npoxl the table "
and the real issue of fact and law is promptly made ready for the
trial.
I eat with Sir Willes Ghitty, the learned and most effective
Head Jtfaster of the Sing's Bench, and saw the solicitors and some-
times the barristers, come before him to shape up the issues^ the
pleadings and the directions for trial. He knocked the beads. ctf
the parties together so that a clear issue between them was quickly
reached.
Demurrers are abolished. An objection in point of law may
be made either before, at or after the trial of the facts. Particu-
lars in pleading may be had by a mere letter of inquiry from
the solicitor of one party to the other, and any refusal is at
once submitted to the master or judge. Should either party
object to the orders of a master, the question can be at OBoe
referred to the judge who is to try the cause and passed on.
The pleadings are very simple. They are a statement of claim
and an answer. Great freedom is allowed as to joinder of
actions and parties and in respect of setoffs and counteiydaims.
The pleadings are prepared on printed forms for use according
to the rules, with details written into the paragraphs. The
nature of the daim is stated in a yery brief way. A blaidc
paragraph is left in the form for particulars as to the main fiacts
and for references to documents relied on. The main facts and
the documents upon which each side relies to establish its case or
defence are thus brought' out before trial, and all in a very short
time. Admissions of important facts are elicited by each sid^
from the other to save formal proof and its expense, on peiialty
of costs for refusal if the fact proves to be uncontested.
The effect of the administration of justice under these rules
can be shown in some degree byjreference to the judicial statistics
of England and Wales for 1919 in the disposition of cases in the
High Court of Justice, King's Bench Division. The summonses
issued in the King's Bench Division in a year amounted to
43,140. In 14,244 cases, judgments were entered for the plaintiff.
In 386 cases, judgments were entered for the defendant. In
526 cases other judgments were entered than either for the
plaintiff or the defendant, making a totsl of 15,136 judgments-
entered in the suits brought. This would laave undisposed of
266 REFORMS IN THE ADMINI8TRATI0K OF JUSTIOB.
about 28^000 writs of summons issued. This sum represents the
suits brought which were abandoned or which resulted in satis-
. faction of the claim without further proceeding beyond the issu-
ing of the summons. Of the judgments rendered^ over 9000
were entered in default of appearance of the defendant; 756 by
default other than in default of appearance. 3684 judgments
were entered as summary judgments under Order 14^ because
the defendant would not make the necessary affidavit to justify
his securing leave to answer. One hundred and forty-one judg-
ments were rendered after trial with a jury« Eight hundred
and thirty-six judgments were rendered after trial without a
jury. Thirty-five were rendered on the report of the official
referee. Of the judgments for defendants^ 55 were rendered after
trial with a jury, and 309 after trial without a jury. This shows
how thoroughly the preliminary steps to the preparing of the issue
winnow out the cases and dispose of them without further clog-
ging of the docket.
' The speed with which this system disposes of the business was
testified to by the New York State Laws Delays Commission 20
years ago. It reported to the Governor of that State in 1903 that
23 judges of the High Court of Judicature in England actually
tried twice the number of cases in a year that 41 judges in New
York City tried in the same time, and that the difference was due
i to the operation of summons for directions and the summons for
summary judgment. The report was approved by the Association
of the Bar of the City of New York, J'udge Dillon then being
Chairman of the Judiciary Committee of that body. Tt was
sought to introduce this reform for New York City by act of the
legislature providing for 16 masters, but it is said to have been
beaten by the influence of those who did not wish to abolish the
referee patronage in the New York courts.
The English system is adapted to the conditions prevailing in
that country and has been built up on the traditions of the Bench
and Bar, which do not have the same force here. Moreover it is
much more applicable to the disposition of the litigation of a
great city like New York, Chicago or Philadelphia, as the New
York Commission found it to be, than to our federal courts of
first instance. In the first place, the territorial jurisdiction in
England is a compact one, embracing only England and Wales,
WILIiIAH HOWABD TAPT. 267
•
in w]ych there are nearly 500 county courts, disposing, under
the simplest procedure, of much of the business involving less than
£100 in law cases and £500 in equity cases. The branches of the
High Court of Judicature to which these rules of procedure apply
are centered in London, the judges live there, and while the assizes
are held at various towns in England and in Wales, access to
London is easy, and the natural result is that the important cases
are generally either brought in London or ultimately reach there
for their disposition. The division of the prof essioif into barris-
ters and solicitors, and the small number of the active members of
the Bar, as compared with our own, make it easy to form an at-
mosphere of accommodation on the part of counsel toward the
court and toward one another, which could hardly exist in the
administration of justice in a federal court covering all or half a
state, and involving litigation in which the counsel who appear are
engaged in that court in only a small part of their practice. The
English barristers only know their clients through the briefs of
Die cases which are handed them to enable them to conduct the
cause in court. They present the case in an impersonal way.
Their fees are fixed in advance and are not contingent. These
circumstances render much less common efforts at delay and the
use of legal procedure to prevent the prompt rendition of justice.
More than this, the system of costs in the English courts, in which
the defeated party is made to pay the expenses of the other side,
including solicitors' and reasonable barristers* compensation, re-
strains counsel by the fear of penalties always imposed for use-
less proceedings.
The costs in English courts would seem to be too heavy. Lord
Bowen speaks of that as a needed reform. I am sure that we
never could be induced to adopt the division of the profession into
barristers and solicitors, or the English system of costs.
But these differences should not prevent our using a great deal
of what has proved effective in the English practice to simplify
procedure and speed justice in our federal courts. The English
precedent certainly demonstrates the advantage of having the
procedure by rules of court, framed by those meet familiar with
the actual practice and its operation and most acute to eliminate
its abuses and defects.
268 BSFOEKS IN THB ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTIOB.
What I would suggest is that Congress provide for a. com-
mission^ to be appointed by the President, of two Supreme Court
justices, two circuit judges, two district judges, and three lawyers
of prominence and capacity to prepare and recommend to Congress
amendments to the present statutes of practice and the judicial
code, authorizing a unit administration of law and equity in one
form of civil action. The act should provide for a permanent
commission similarly created, with power to prepare a system of
rules of procedure for adoption by the Supreme Court. Power to
amend from time to time should also be given. The rules and their
amendments, after approval by the court, should be submitted to
Congress for its action, but should become effective in six months,
if Congress takes no action. In this way the procedure would be
framed by those most familiar with it and by those whose duty it
is to enforce it The advantage of experiment in the laboratory
of the courts would furnish valuable suggestions for bettering
the system. The important feature of such a system is that needed
action by the commission and the court will be promptly t&ken
and the necessary delay in a Congress crowded with business
may be avoided.
The reforms that I have been advocating involve some increase
in the power of the judges of the courts, either in the matter of
the assignment of judges, in the matter of the enlargement of the
certiorari power, or in the adoption of more comprehensive rulee
of procedure. I am well aware that they will be opposed solely
on this ground, and that the objection is likely to win support
because of this. It is said that judges are prone to amplify their
powers — that this is human nature, and therefore the conclusion
is that their powers ought not to be amplified, however much good
this may accompUsh in the end. The answer to this is that if the
power is abused, it is completely within the discretion — ^indeed
within the duty — of the legislature to take it away or modify it.
Dependence upon action of Congress to effect reform to remove
delays and to bring about speed in the administration of justice
has not brought the best results, and some different mode should
be tried. The failures of justice in this country, especially in
the state courts, have been more largely due to the withholding
of power from judges over proceedings before them than to any
other cause ; and yet judges have to bear the brunt of the criticism
WILLIAli HOWABD TAFT. 269
which is so general as to the results of present court action. The
judges should be given the power commensurate with their re-
sponsibility. Their capacity to reform matters should be tried
to see whether better results may not be attained. Federal judges
doubtless have their faults^ but they are not chiefly responsible
for the present defects in the administration of justice in the
federal courts. Let Congress give them an opportunity to show
what can be done by vesting in them sufiScient discretion for the
purpose.
THE LIMITATIONS OP LAW.
ST
CALVIN COOLIDGE,
VICB-PRESIDBNT OF THB UNITED 8TATB8.
The growing multiplicity of laws has often been obseryed. The
National and State Legislatures pass acts^ and their courts de-
liver opinions, which each year run into scores of thousands. A
part of this is due to the increasing complexity of an advancing
civilization. As new forces come into existence new relationships
are created, new rights and obligations arise, which reouire estab-
lishment and definition by legislation and decision. Tnese are all
the natural and inevitable consequences of the growth of ^reat
cities, the development of steam and electricity^ the use of the
corporation as the leading factor in the transaction of business,
and the attendant regulation and control of the powers created
by these new and mighty agencies.
This has imposed a legal burden against which men of affairs
have been wont to complain. But it is a burden which does not
differ in its nature from, the public requirement for security,
sanitation, education, the maintenance of highways, or the other
activities of government necessary to support present standards.
It is all a part of the inescapable burden of existence. It follows
the stream of events. It does not attempt to precede it. As
human experience is broadened, it broadens with it. It represents
a growth altogether natural. To resist it is to resist progress.
But there is another part of the great accumulating body of our
laws, that has been rapidly increasing of late, which is the result
of other motives. Broadly speaking it is the attempt to raise the
moral standard of society by legishtion.
The spirit of reform is altogether encouraging. The organized
effort and insistent desire for an equitable distribution of the
rewards of industry, for a wider justice, for a more consistent
righteousness in human affairs, is one of the most stimulating and
hopeful signs of the present era. There ought to be a militant
public demand for progress in this direction. The society which
is satisfied is lost. But in the accomplishment of these ends
there needs to be a better understanding of the province of
legislative and judicial action. There is danger of disappoint-
ment and disaster unless there be a wider comprehension of the
limitations of the law.
The attempt to regulate, control and prescribe all manner of
conduct and social relations is very old. It was always the practice
of primitive peoples. Such governments assumed jurisdiction
(270)
OALVIN COOLIDGB. 271
over the action, property^ life, and even religions convictions of
their citizens down to the minutest detail. A large part of the
history of free institutions is the history of the people struggling
to emancipate themselves from all of this bondage.
I do not mean by this that there has been, or can be, any prog-
ress in an attempt of the people to exist without a strong and
vigorous government. That is the only foundation and the only
support of all civilization. But progress has been made by the
people relieving themselves of the imwarranted and unnecessary
impositions of government. There exists, and must always exist,
the righteous authority of the state. That is the sole source of the
liberty of the individual, but it does not mean an inquisitive and
officious intermeddling by attempted government action in all
the affairs of the people. There is no justification for public
interference with purely private concerns.
Those who foimded and established the American Government
had a very clear understanding of this principle. They had
suffered many painful experiences from too much public super-
vision of their private affairs. The people of that period were
very jealous of all authority. It was only the statesmanship and
resourcefulness of Hamilton, aided by the great influence of t^^
wisdom and character of Washington, and the sound reasoning
of the very limited circle of their associates, that succeeded in
proposing and adopting the American Constitution. It estab-
lished a vital government of broad powers but within distinct and
prescribed limitations. Under the policy of implied powers
adopted by the Federal Party, its authority tended to enlarge.
But under the administration of Jefferson, who, by word though
not so much by deed, questioned and resented almost all &e
powers of government, its authority tended to diminish and, but
for the great judicial decisions of John Marshall, might have
become very uncertain. But while there is ground for criticism
in the belittling attitude of Jefferson towards established govern-
ment, there is even larger ground for approval of his policy of
preserving to the people the largest possible jurisdiction and *
authority. After all, ours is an experiment in self-government
by the people themselves, and self-government cannot be reposed
wholly in some distant capital, it has to be exercised in part by
the people in their own homes.
So intent were the founding fathers on establishing a con-
stitution which was confined to the fundamental principles of
government that they did not turn aside even to deal with the
great moral <][uestion of slavery. That they comprehended it
and regarded it as an evil was clearly demonstrated by Lincoln
in his Cooper Union speech when he showed that substantially
all of them had at some time, by public action, made clear their
opposition to the continuation of this great wrong. The early
272 THB LIMITATIONS OF LAW.
amendments were all in diminution ol the power of the g07emi-
ment and declaratory of an enlarged sovereignty of the people.
It was thus that our institutions stood for the better part of a
century. There were the centralizing tendencies and the amend-
ments arising out of the War of ^61. But while they increased to
some degree the power of the national govemmenty they were in
chief great charters of liberty^ confirming rights already enjojred
by the majority, and undertaJ^ing to extend and guarantee like
rights, to those formerly deprived of equal protection of the laws.
During most of this long period the trend of public opinion and
of l^islation ran in the same direction. This was exemplified in
the executive and legislative refusal to renew the United States
bank charter before the war, and in the judicial decision in the
slaughterhouse cases after the war. This decision has been both
criticised and condemned in equally high places, but the result
of it was perfectly clear. It was on the side of leavinff to the
people of the several states, and to their legislatures and courts,
jurisdiction over the privileges and immunities of themselves and
their own citizens.
During the past 30 years the trend has been in the opposite
direction. Urged on by the force of public opinion, national
legislation has been very broadly extended for the purpose of
promoting the general welfare. New powers have been delegated
to the Congress by constitutional amendments and former grants
have been so interpreted as to extend legislation into new fields.
This has run its course from the Interstate Commerce Act of the
late eighties, through the various regulatory acts under the com-
merce and tax clauses, down to the maternity aid law which
recently went into effect. Much of this has been accompanied by
the establishment of various commissions and boards, often clothed
with much delegated power, and by providiag those already in
existence with new and additional authority. The national gov-
ernment has extended the scope of its legislation to include many
kinds of regulation, the determination of traffic rates, hours of
labor, wages, sumptuary laws, and into the domain of oversight of
the public morals.
This has not been accomplished without what is virtually a
change in the form, and actually a change in the process, of our
government. The power of legislation has been to a large extent
recast, for the old order looked on these increased activities with
much concern. This has proceeded on the theory that it would
be for the public benefit to have government, to a greater degree,
thfe direct action of the people. The outcome of this docSrine
Has been the adoption of the direct primary, the direct election
of United States Senators, the curtailment of the power of the
Speaker of the House, and a constant agitation for breaking down
the authority of decisions of the courts. This is not the govern-
OALVIK COOIJDGE4 S73
meat which was pat into fonn by Washington and Hamilton and
popularized by Jefferson. Some of the stabilizing safeguards
which they had provided have been weakened. The representa-
tive element has been diminished and the democratic element has
been increased^ but it is still constitutional government^ it still
requires time, due deliberation, and the consent of the states to
change or modify the fundamental law of the nation.
Advancing along this same line of centralization, of more and
more legislation, of more and more power on the part of the
national government, there have been proposals from time to time
which would make this field almost unlimited. The authority
to make laws is conferred by the very first article and section of
the Constitution, but it is not general, it is limited* It is not
'^ all legislative powers/^ but it is ^' all legislative powers herein
granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States.^' The
purpose of that limitation was in part to prevent encroachment
on the authority of the states, but more especially to safeguard
and protect the liberties of tiie people. The men of that day pro-
posed to be the custodians of their own freedom. In the tyran-
nical acts of the British Parliament they had seen enough of a
legislative body claiming to be clothed with unlimited powers.
For the purpose of protecting the people in all their rights so
dearly bought and so solemnly declared, the Third Article estab-
lished one Supreme Court and vested it with judicial power over
all cases arising under the Constitution. It is that court which
has stood as the guardian and protector of our form of govemr
ment, the guarantee of the perpetuity of the Constitution, and
above all the great champion of the freedom and the liberty of
the people. No other known tribunal has ever been devised in
whicn the people could put their faith and confidence, to which
they could entrust their choicest treasure, with a like assurance
that there it would be secure and safe. There is no power, no
influence, great enough to sway its judgments. There is no
petitioner humble enough to be denied the full protection of its
great authority. This court is human, and, therefore, not infal-
lible, but in the more than one hundred and thirty years of its
existence its decisions which have not withstood the questioning
of criticism could almost be counted upon one hand. In it the
«eople have the warrant of stability, of progress, and of humanity.
T'herever there is a final authority it must be vested in mortal
men. There has not been discovered a more worthy lodging place
for such authority than the Supreme Court of the United States.
Such is the legislative and judicial power that the people have
established in their government. Becognizing the latent forces
of the Constitution, which in accordance with the spirit of the
times have been drawn on for the purpose of promoting the public
welfare, it has been very seldom that the cOTirt has been compelled
274 THE LIKITATI0K8 OP LAW.
to find that any humanitarian. legislation was beyond the power
which the people had granted to the Congress. When such a
decision has been made, as in the recent case of the Child Labor
Jjaw, it does not mean that the court or nation wants child labor,
but it simply means that the Congress has gone outside of the
limitations prescribed for it by the people in their Constitution
and attempted to legislate on a subject which the several states,
and the people themselyes, have chosen to keep under their own
control.
Should the people desire to have the Congress pass laws relat-
ing to that over which they have not yet granted to it any juris-
diction, the way is open and plain to proceed in the same method
that was taken in relation to income taxes, direct election of
Senators, equal sufiFrage, or prohibition, by an amendment to the
Constitution.
One of the proposals for enlarging the present field of legisla-
tion has been to give the Congress authority to make valid a pro-
posed law which the Supreme Court had declared wm outside
the authority granted by the people, by the simple device of re-
enacting it. Such a provision would make the Congress finally
supreme. In the last resort its powers practically would b6 un-
limited. This would be to do away with the great main principle
of our written Constitution, which regards the people as sovereign,
and the government as their agent, and would tend to make the
legislative body sovereign and the people its subjects. It would,
to an extent, substitute for the will of the people, definitelv and
permanently expressed in their written Constitution, the chanff-
ing and uncertain will of the Congress. That would radically
alter our form of government and take from it its chief guarantee
of freedom.
This enlarging magnitude of legislation, these continual pro-
posals for changes under which law might become very excessive,
whether they result from the praiseworthy motive of promoting
general reform or whether they reflect the raising of the general
standard of human relationship, require a new attitude on the
part of the people towards their government. Our country has
adopted this course. The choice has been made. It could not
withdraw now if it would. But it makes it necessary to guard
against the dangers which arise from this new position. It makes
it necessary to keep in mind the limitation of what can be
accomplished by law. It makes it necessary to adopt a new
vigilance. It is not sufficient to secure legislation of this nature
and leave it to go alone. It cannot execute itself. Oftentimes
it will not be competently administered without the assistance of
vigorous support. There must nqt be permitted any substitution
of private will for public authority. There is required a renewed
and enlarged determination to 3^c^^^ the observance and enforce^
ment of the law.
CALVIN OOOLI0GS. 276
So long as the national government confined itself to providing
those fundamentals of liberty, order and justice for which it was
primarily established, its course was reasonably clear and plain.
No large amount of revenue was required. No great swarms of
public employees were necessary. There was little clash of special
interests or different sections, and what there was of this nature
consisted not of petty details but of broad principles. There was
time for the consideration of great questions of policy. There was
an opportunity for mature deliberation. What the government
undertook to do it could perform with a fair degree of accuracy
and precision.
But this has all been changed by embarking on a policy of a
general exercise of police powers, by the public control of much
private enterprise and private conduct, and of furnishing a
public supply for much private need. Here are these enormons
obligations which the people found they themselves were imper^
f ectly discharging. They therefore undertook to lay their burdens
on the national government. Under this weignt the former
accuracy of administration breaks down. The government has
not at its disposal a supply of ability, honesty and character, neces-
sary for the solution of all these problems, or an executive capacity
great enough for their perfect administration. Nor is it in the
possession of a wisdom which enables it to take great enterprises
and manage them with no ground for criticism. We cannot rid
ourselves of the human element in our affairs by an act of
legislation which places them under the jurisdiction of a public
commission.
The same limit of the law is manifest in the exercise of the
police authority. There can be no perfect control of personal
conduct by national legislation. Its attempt must be accompanied
with the full expectation of very many failures. The problem of
preventing vice and crime, and of restraining personal and organ-
ized selfishness is as- old as human experience. We shall not find
for it an immediate and complete solution in an amendment to
the federal Constitution, an act of Congress, or in the findings of
a new board or commission. There is no magic in government,
not possessed by the public at large, by which these things can be
done. The people cannot divest themselves of their really great
burdens by undertaking to provide that they shall hereaiter be
borne by the government.
When provision is made for far-reaching action by public
authority, whether it be in the nature of an expenditure of a.
large sum from the treasury, or thf participation in a great moral
reform, it all means the imposing of large. additional obligations
upon ti)0 people. In the last resort it is the people who must
respond, The^ are the n^lji^ry powf F; they are the financial
\
276 THE LXKITATI0N8 OF LAW.
power, they are the moral power of the govemment There is
and can be no other. When a broad rule of action is laid down by
law it iB tiiey who mnst perform.
If this condnfiion be sound it becomes necessarr to avoid the
danger of asking of the people more than they can ao. The times
are not without evidence of a deep-seated discontent not confined
to any one locality or walk of Uf e, but shared in generally by those
who contribute by the toil of their hand and brain to the carrying
on of American enterprise. This is not the muttering of agi-
tators, it is the conviction of the intelligence, industry and char-
acter of the nation. There is a state of alarm, however un-
warranted, on the part of many people lest they be unable to main-
tain themselves in their present positions. There is an apparent
fear of loss of wages, loss of pronts and loss of place. There is a
discernible physical and nervous exhaustion which leaves tiie
country with little elasticity to adjust itself to the strain of events.
As the standard of civilization rises there is necessity for a
larger and larger outlay to maintain the cost of existence. As the
activities of government increase, as it extends its field of opera-
tions, the initial tax which it requires becomes manifolded many
times when it is finally paid by the ultimate consumer. When
there is added to this aggravated financial condition an increasing
amount of regulation and police control,, the burden of it all
becomes very great.
Behind very many of these enlarging activities lies the un-
tenable theory that there is some shortncut to perfection. It is
conceived that there can be a horizontal elevation of the standards
of the nation, immediate and perceptible, b^ the simple device of
new laws. This has never been the case m human experience.
Progress is slow and the result of a long and arduous process of
self-discipline. It is not conferred upon the people, it comes,
from the people. In a republic the law reflects rather than makes
the standard of conduct and the state of public opinion. Beal.
reform does not begin with a law, it ends with a law. The attempt
to dragoon the body when the need is to convince the soul will
end only in revolt.
Under the attempt to perform the impossible there sets in a
general disintegration. When legislation fails those who look
upon it as a sovereign remedy simply cry out for more legislation.
A sound and wise statesmanship which recognizes and attempts
to abide by its limitations will undoubtedly find itself displaced
by that type of public official who promises much, talks much,
Wislates much, expends much, but accomplishes little. The
ddiberate, sound judgment of the country is likely to find it
has been superseded by a popular whim. The independence of
th^ l^slator is broken down. The enforcement of the law bQ-
OALYIN COOUDOS. 277
comes uncertain. The courts fail in their function of speedy
and accurate justice^ their judgments are questioned and their
independence is threatened. The law, changed and changeable on
slight provocation/ loses its sanctity and authority. A continua-
tion of this condition opens the road to chaos.
These dan^rs must be recognized. These limits must be ob-
served. Having embarked the government upon the enterprise of
reform and reflation it must be realized that unaided and alone
it can accomplish very little. It is only one element, and that not
the most powerful, in the promotion of progress. When it goes
into this broad field it can furnish to the people only what the
people furnish to it. Its measure of success is limited by the
measure of their service.
This is very far from being a conclusion of discouragement.
It ia very far from being a conclusion that what legislation can-
not do for the people they cannot do for themselves. The limit
of what can be done by the law is soon reached, but the limit
of what can be done by an aroused and vigorous citizenship has
never been exhausted. In undertaking to bear these burdens and
solve these problems the government needs the continuing indul-
gence, cooperation and support of the people. When the public
understands that there must be an increased and increasing effort,
such effort will be forthcoming. They fire not ignorant of the
personal equation in the administration of their affairs. When
trouble arises in any quarter they do not inquire what sort of a
law they have there, but they inquire what sort of a governor and
sheriff they have there. They will not long fail to observe, that
what kind of government they have depends upon what kind of
citizens they have.
It is time to supplement the appeal to law, which is limited,
with an appeal to tiie spirit of the people, which is unlimited.
Some unsettlements disturb, but they are temporary. Some
factious elements eziat, but they are smalL No assessment of
the material conditions of Americans can warrant anything but
the highest courage and the deepest faith. No reliance upon
the national character has ever been betrayed. No survey which
goes below the surface can fail to discover a solid and substantial
foundation for satisfaction. But our countrymen must remem-
ber that they have and can have no dependence save themselves.
Our institutions are their institutions. Our government is their
government. Our laws are their laws. It is lor them to enforce,
support and obey. If in this they fail, there are none who can
succeed. The sanctity of duly constituted tribunals must be
"maintained. Undivided allegiance to public authority must be
'required.' With a citizenship which voluntarily establishes and
defends {hese, the cause of America is secure. Without that all
else is of little avail.
PBELIMINARY EDUCATION FOR LAWYBBS.
BY
NICHOLAS MURRAY BUTLER,
OF NEW TOBK.
Into this notable gathering of jurists and juris-consulta and
practitioners of the law, I may only presume to come as the
spokesman of the inconspicuous and often humble client. In
these days of the economic interpretation of history, the client
may perhaps be said to be the economic basis upon which courts
and judicial systems and the practice of the law rest. I am,
therefore, in accord with the spirit of the times in speaking for
a few moments from the view-point of the layman.
Lord Melbourne, who won the high distinction of lifting com-
mon sense to the plane of philosophy, once said : '^ It is tire-
some to educate; it is tiresome to be educated; it is tiresome
to discuss education.'' And, without venturing to contradict
so eminent an authority, I shall endeavor to combat the neces-
sary tedium of this discussion with the soul of wit, which is
brevity.
All civilized peoples throw protection about their public serv-
ices, and all civilized peoples fix increasingly severe standards
of admission to permanent public service. I presume that, in
an earlier and an older day, any calling or any profession or any
practice, save that, perhaps, of the priesthood, was open to
anyone whose spirit might turn him in that particular direction.
But one calling and one profession after another has been
singled out as needing organization, protection, and studious
and careful preparation. Long ago the three learned professions
were developed. Their number has now been increased by
that of the engineer, by that of the architect, by that of the
teacher, and it is now being added to by that of the journalist,
by that of the pharmacist, and various others — the members of
other organized professions.
The three learned professions became such because it was
apparent that their practice was not a matter of mere haphazard,
not a matter of mere empirical examination of a new and definite
(278)
NICHOLAS MURRAY BUTLBR. 279
«
body of f acts^ bnt that their practice rested upon a body of tested
and organized knowledge which had become a part of human
experience, and was on its way to be developed into a science.
When our organized hnman knowledge gets to the point that
we are enabled to predict with reasonable accuracy, we have the
elements of a scientific comprehension of a given field of hnman
interest
I think there are few more interesting things in the history
of the intellectual life of men than the development of the
medieval universities out of the necessities and out of the as-
pirations of human society. As members of this Association
doubtless well know, the great University of Bologna, the pioneer
of them all, was originally solely a school of law. Men joilmeyel
there, and women, too, over hundreds of miles oif mountains
and plains and rivers, in order to hear Imerius discuss the princi-
ples of the Boman Law. The fires that were lighted at Bologna
have been burning with increasing brilliance ever since. And
today, the study of the law is one of the most highly organized,
one of the most precise, and one of the best ordered of all our
intdlectual endeavors.
But in a democratic society, there are naturally those who
raise their voices against so high and so precise a standard for a
training as will shut out, — and I use the name because I hare
heard it so frequently in these discussions — ^Abrah^m Lincoln.
My reflection upon that is that as we produce Abraham Lin*-
coins, we shall doubtless be able to deal with them without public
damage.
We have now come to the point, however, where this organized
study of the law as law is not all that is necessary and adequate
for the care and the guidance of the litigation of those great,
manifold, human interests and activities that constitute modem
society and the modem state. The economic basis upon which
our social order rests has undergone grave and far-reaching
changes since the common law took its form, and since the civil
law was thrown into code. The layman sees in a legal settle-
ment, a judicial decision, by the highest court of his land,
an adjustment of facts. The lawyer sees an application of
principles. Those principles are perhaps hidden from the lay-
man. He is concerned with the facts^ with what seems to him,
280 PBELIMIKABT EDUOATION FOB LAWYEB6.
from his point of view> a selfiflh (me perhaps, to be fair and right
and just and orderly. If he finds that a decision is arrived at on
strict and sound legal and judicial principles, which offends his
senae of right, he, often through lack of comprehension of the
legal argument, goes in revolt, not against that particular opinion,
but against the whole system which gives rise to judicial decisions.
That, to the best of my knowledge is, as briefly as I can put it,
the state of mind of the man who is restive as to the application
of the law to hifi particular set of interests or contentions.
In my judgment, at that point is to be found the basis for the
argument that the student of the law must, in these days, have a
care that he possesses a thorough comprehension of economics,
and all those principles of organized society which history and
the social sciences exhibit in their evolution and their applica-
tion. Curiously enough, it is exceedingly difficult today to get
for the great mass of our stadent bodies any sound and thor-
ough comprehension of the fundamental principles of economics.
That was possible thirty years ago, perhaps less. But that great
braneh of knowledge hsB now become so divided into separafce
fields, — ^the money problem, the labor problem, the transportation
problem, the public utility problem — ^that economists nowadays
are very apt to be specialists and unable or unwilling to give to
the youth of high school or college age that clear, simple expo-
sition of the fundamental principles of economics which is neces-
sary to an linderstanding of the life we live, and which has
become an essential part of the equipment of the modem mem*
ber of the Bar who would be apprized of the great body of facts
by which we are surrounded, the feelings, the emotions, the
ambitions, that are moving masses of men.
We speak of waste, physical waste, financial waste. I some-
times wonder whether there is any waste in the world compsi-
aUe with our intellectual waste; whethe^ there is anything to
compare with the amount of tmgamered, tmintei^reted, un-
known knowledge, tiiat goes daily over the dam of human life and
human experience.
Let me give one illustration. We are living at a time when
there is a very strong and almost world-wide revival of faith in
some form of communism — ^both communism as to social rela-
tions and communism as to the possession of property. If the
NICHOLAS KUBRAT BUTLBB. 1^81
modern oommuniflt weie asked to read Plato's ^' Bepublie/' and
find out abont it all, he woxQd be surprised. If he were asked
to read Governor Bradford's '^ History/' and to find what hap-
pened at Plymouth among a people as intelligent and as high
minded and as united in sjniit as were ever together, he would
probably wonder why we asked him to *give his time to ancient
history. But the fact is, that human experience has tried all
these things. Human endeavor has traveled on all of these roads.
If we would avoid unceasing and exhausting intellectual and
social waste, it behooves us that our leaders of opinion, those
who are so instrumental in formulating our law, those who
guide us through their interpretation and make their decisioils,
those who occupy a leading place in the development and forma-
tion of puUic opinion, should know, not merely guess at, but
know, what has been done in the world in the way of social and
economic experimentation.
Therefore I would have the preliminary education of the
lawyer lay the greatest possible stress upon the fimdamentals of
economics and upon the history of social organization, social
endeavor, social success, and social failure. The material is at
hand and abundant.
Next, it goes without saying, does it not, that in order to
comprehend, even dimly, the principles of law and the methods
of critical thinking and ratiocination — ^that there must be a
foundation, an adequate disciplined maturity — a dtisciplined
maturity and not merely maturity? Men may grow up aiid
grow old without discipline and vidthout wisdom. They will be
assisted if, during this period of maturing, there is an order^
discipline wisely directed toward a definite and specific end.
The schools of medicine and the schools of engineering have
now got to the point they say explicitly what they wish the
incoming student to have. You may not be graduated from even
the best of American colleges with your Bachelor's D^ree and
walk into a school of medicine. The very first thing that tbey
ask you is, whether, in getting that d^ree, you gained a suffi-
cient knowledge of the sciences fundamental to medicine, chem-
istry, physics, physiology, so as to enable you to come and
profit by your four years of medical instruction. The student
of the best schools of engineering must have, not merely a degree,
282 PRBLIMINARY EDUCATION FOR LAWYBRS.
not merely so many years spent in college study^ but it is speci-
fied that he must come with so much mathematics^ so much
physics, so much mechanics, so much something else, as will
enable him to profit by highly organized professional engineer-
ing instruction. The time has come> gentlemen, for the schools
of law to say that they wish their entering students to come
to them, having pursued, systematically and well, those studies
in the field of economics and history and social science that
will prepare them to understand the fundamental concepts of the
law, their development and their application.
Of course, the moment a student approaches the law, he begins
the study of history from a new angle and in a new way. But it
will not harm him to have had those larger and fuller and non-
legal views of history that open the mind, that inform him as to
human experience, and that prepare it to give a new meaning to
the early stages in the development of the law of contracts and
torts and real property.
Where shall these studies be had? Many of us have followed
with interest your discussions and your reports, and those held
and made under your auspices, relative to this topic. I think,
without risk of being misunderstood, I may say that there is noth-
ing sacred about a college education. There are some persons who
go to college who would be distinctly improved by being kept
away. There are doubtless many others who would gain marked
advantage, for themselves and for the society in which they live,
' if the opportunity for a college training were open to them. But,
in that connection, you must bear in mind that the word
^^ college '' no longer has a definite or a uniform meaning. A
college, in the United States, is almost anything which bears
• that name. If it shall be chartered under the general act of
incorporation in the District of Columbia, for example, it quickly
may assume the form of a public nuisance.
When you use the word '* college,'' it is important to remem-
ber, 'first, that you are dealing with a term which has been
defined by law in but very few states — ^I recall but two at the
moment — there may be others. Next, that you are dealing with
an institution which, for 25 years, has been going through a very
extraordinary series of changes, and which doubtless will con-
tinue to go through similar changes for some time to come,
NICHOLAB liUBBAY BUTLEB. 283
§ince we are living in a period of development and change.
Mere going to college 'is not sufficient. It ought to indicate dis-
ciplined maturity. Perhaps it does. If it does, so far so good.
But the point is, has that going to college for a longer or a
shorter time included a serious and scholarly study of the
fundamental pre-l^al subjects to which I have been making
reference? That is something which will bear looking into.
One other point. I have been told that it is objedied to
raising the standard of admission to the legal profession, that this
would put such admission beyond the reach, for financial reas-
ons, of very many ambitious and mentally well-equipped Ameri-
can youth. I am disposed to doubt it.
There has grown up in this country, and it is rapidly multi-
plying, an institution known as the Junior College. That Junior
College will be foimd one of these days in pretty much every city
in the union that has fifty thousand or seventy-five thousand
inhabitants. It is the result of an evolution that has been going
on for forty years, and indicates one of the most striking changes
in the oi^ganization of American education. Our old-fashioned
college took a boy at sixteen or seventeen, kept him until he
was twenty or twenty-one, and carried him through a substan-
tially uniform and prescribed course of study. As intellectual
interests multiplied, as the program became overcrowded, as
the choice of studies was introduced, all that was changed,
until now, the number of youths in a given college and in a
given year who pursue exactly the same program of instruction
is very small, indeed.
The consequence is that a situation developed which was not
very fortunate, because we found we were destroying the cotnmon
body of knowledge which holds men together. The real argument
for prescribed studies to youth of college age is not alone such
value as they may have for discipline and information, but it lies
in the fact that it is highly important, especially in a self -govern-
ing society, that men and women should be united by a common
body of knowledge, before their special interests begin to diverge
and move apart.
In the endeavor to correct an unsatisfactory situation, the pre-
scribed and ordered studies were put into the first two years of
the old four-year college course. Then it began to be found that
264: PBBLIMINABY HDUOATION FOB LAWYEBS.
many communities could afford to maintain that type of instruc-
tion in connection with their high schools^ and the Junior College
began to grow up all over the land. There are hundreds of such
institutions now^ very soon there will be thousands. Their devel-
opment is certain to follow the development of the high schools
themselves, which have multiplied many times in the last forty
years. This kind of instruction, of which I understand you
are in search, will be found not alone in the great universities
and the endowed colleges in the East, North, South, and West,
but it will be found almost at the doorsill of the intending stu-
dent of the law, in the community where is his home, which can
provide enough students year by year to justify the taxpayer in
maintaining this type of institution.
So that, in dealing, gentlemen, with the preliminary educa-
tion of the law student, you are dealing not alone (and this
I am especially anxious to make clear) with something which
affects the Bar and your profession, but you are dealing with a
large and far-reaching public interest. You are dealing with
variable quantities, you are dealing with a complicated situa-
tion, made so by the student and the variety of our country, its
population, its needs, its economic situation. And it must be
dealt with, if it ip to be dealt with constructively and helpfully,
not only in a spirit of understanding, but of sympathy ; not only
from the viewpoint of professional opportunity, but of public
service. And when that shall be accomplished, and when the
student shall be launched upon the study of law as law with a dis-
ciplined maturity such as I have described, with a body of knowl-
edge in these historical and economic fields such as I have tried
briefly to summarize, you will have carried very far forward the
standards of usefulness of your profession, not only as a profession
devoted to high ideals and public service, but as a profession
which is one of the foundation stones of the social order of among
men in the modern, self-governing state.
REPORT
. or THS
COMMITTEE ON PROFESSIONAL ETHICS AND GRIEVANCES.
To the American Bar Association :
Your Committee on Professional Ethica and Grievances re-
spectfully submits its annual report.
The Committee has observed and is glad to call attention to
the frequency with which the courts now refer to and quote the
Canons of Ethics adopted by the Association. The Committee
is informed that North Carolina has recently been added to the
list of the States whose courts of last resort have thus, approved
the work of the Association.
The following matters have come before the Committee for
attention during the past year :
1. Complaints against members of the Bar in different states.
As this Committee has no jurisdiction to act on such complaints
they have been transmitteil to the appropriate committees of the
particular state or local bar associations having jurisdiction.
2. Complaints against members of the Association. The com-
plaints received of this character came late in the year. As the
Committee has no present authority to make an investigation of
such complaints, action on them was deferred until it is known
whether the Association adopts the amendments hereinafter
recommended giving the Committee such authority.
3. The solicitation of business by so-called *' patent attorneys.'*
Many complaints were received regarding the solicitation of
patent business by laymen calling themselves patent attorneys.
Investigation showed that the rules of the Patent Office require
that all persons representing applicants^ whether lawyers or lay-
men, be registered in the Patent Office at ^' attorneys,'' the wot A
supposedly being used to designate attorneys-in-fact. Having
registered themselves as such patent attorneys, laymen have made
use of the term in advertising for business. This advertising has
been carried to feuch an extent that the majority of all patent
applications are made through these laymen patent attorneys.
The use of this term in such advertising has misled the public —
as it apparently was intended it should — into believing that it
was dealing with attorneys at law. As a result abuses have arisen
and our profession has received the blame for the misconduct of
some of these so-called attorneys.
(286)
286 BEPORT OF GOMMITTBB ON
Under a recently enacted statute, the Commissioner of Patents
is given authority to formulate and prescribe rules for the r^^nla-
tion of the conduct of these registered patent attorneys. Your
Committee therefore recommends that the Association request
the Commissioner of Patents to include in such regulations as
may be adopted, a rule prohibiting the solicitation of business
by these registered patent attorneys so long as they are designated
as and allowed to describe themselves as attorneys or patent
attorneys.
4. Tne attention of the Committee has also been called to the
fact that the rules of the office of the Commissioner of Internal
Revenue now require that all persons, whether lawyers or laymen,
prosecuting claims before that office, register as attorneys for the
claimant, and that some of the laymen so registered are now desig-
nating and advertising themselves as '' Income Tax Attorneys,"
with the consequent promise of the same abuses arising from this
misuse of the word a£ in the case of patent attorneys.
Your Committee therefore recommends that a Special Com-
mittee be appointed by the President to investigate and determine
by what right, if any, laymen who are registered as attorneys-in-
fact in the Patent Office and in the Office of the Commissioner of
Internal Revenue use the words " patent attorney " or " income
tax attorney '* in designating their work, and to recommend to the
Association such action as may bring about the discontinuance of
these misleading designations.
6. During the year the Executive Committee appointed a
Special Committee to prepare an amendment to the By-Laws
relative to the duty and authority of this Committee. The Spe-
cial Committee drafted an amendment to By-Law VII of the By-
Laws which amendment has been approved by the Executive
Committee and published in the Joubnal in accordance with
Article V of the Constitution.. The Committee therefore recom-
mends that By-Law VII of the By-Laws be amended by substi-
tuting for the last paragraph thereof, the following:
The Committee on PlrofeflBional Ethics and Grievanoes shall:
(1) Assist state and local bar associations in all matters ooneemiDg
their activities in respect to the ethics of the profession, collect ana
communicate to the Association information concemiiuc such activities
and, from time to time, make recommendations on the subject to the
Aflwdation.
(2) Be authorizedi in its discretion, to express its opinion conoeminff
proper .prof essiona] conduct and particularly concerning the application
of the CanoDS of Ethics thereto, when consulted by officers or committees
of state or local bar associations. Such expression of opinion shall only
be made after a consideration thereof at a meeting oi the Committee
and. approval by at least a majority of the Committee.
(3) Be authorized to hear, in meeting of the Committee, upon its own
motion, or upon complaint preferred, charges of professional misconduct
against any member of this Association. As a result of such hearing it
PBOFBSSIONAL ETHICS AND GRIEVANCES. 287
may recommend to the Executive Committee the forfeiture of the right
to membership of any such member. All such recommendations shall be
accompanied By a transcript of the evidence and shall only be made after
the accused member has been given notice of the nature of the com-
plaint and after a reasonable opportunity has been accorded him or her
to submit evidence and argument in defense.
(4) Forfeiture of the membership of any member as hereinbefcHre
provided shall become effective when approved by a majority of all of
the members of the Executive Committee and all interest in the
property of the Association of persons whose membership is so forfeited
shall ipso facto vest in the Association. The membership in the Asso-
ciation, and all interest in the property of the Association of a member
shall ipso facto cease upon his disbarment, or a final judgment of
conviction of a felony.
(5) -Whenever specific chaiiges of unprofessional conduct shall be made
against any member of the Bar, whether or not a member of this Asso-
ciation, and the Chairman of the Committee on Professional Ethics and
Grievances is of the opinion that the case is such as requires investigation
or prosecution in the coiuls, the same shall be referred by the Chairman
to the appropriate state or local bar association where sudi attomev
resides and it shall be the duty of the Chairman, in co-operation with
the local Vice-President of this Association for the State where such
attorney resides, to uiige the appropriate officers or committees of state
or local bar associations to institute inquiry into the merits of the
complaint, and to take such action thereon as may be appropriate, with
a view to the vindication of lawyers unjustly accused, and the discipline
by the appropriate tribunal of lawyers guilty of unprofessional conduct.
(6) The Committee, with the approval of the £h[ecutive Commitee,
shall formulate rules not inconsistent with this by-law to give effect to
the foregoing provisions, which rules shall be published in the annual
reports of the Association.
Thomas Francis Howe, Chairman^
James D. Shearer,
Charles Thaddeus Terry,
Morris A. Soper,
Henry TT. Sims.
10
REPORT
OF THB
COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, TRADE AND COMMERCIAL
LAW.
To the American Bar Association:
Your Committee on Commerce, Trade and Commercial Law,
reports as follows :
I.
SuMMABY OP Recommendations.
Your committee recommends :
First: The adoption of a resolution by the American Bar
Association reiterating and reaffirming resolutions numbered
First, Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Twelfth and Seven-
teenth, of the report of your Committee at the Cincinnati, Ohio,
meeting, August 31 to September 2, 1921, in 1921 Report Ameri-
can Bar Association, Vol. XLVI, pp. 309-10-11 and 312.
Second: That a resolution be adopted urging the National
Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws to prepare
such amendments as are needed in the Uniform Sales and Uni-
form Warehouse Receipts Acts, to give the latter full negotiability
accorded to bills of lading under the Uniform Bills of Lading
Act, and recommend the same for approval by the American Bar
Association, and adoption by the states which have enacted the
Uniform Sales Act and the Uniform Warehouse Receipts Act.
Third: That a resolution be adopted giving your committee
further time for the consideration of the uniformity of the
Law Merchant in North and South America.
Fourth: That a resolution be adopted that yoifr committee
give further consideration to the subject of a general system of
United States Commercial Courts, along the lines of the English
Commercial Courts.
Fifth: That a resolution be adopted giving your committee
further time to submit a draft of an act to codify the law of
Common Carriers in Interstate and Foreign Commerce.
Sixth: That a resolution be adopted disapproving a Mer-
chandise Marks Act as a part of an act dealing with trade marks
and copyrights; and that your committee be given further time
to prepare a draft of a Merchandise Marks Act.
(288)
COMMEBGE^ TRADB AND COMMERCIAL LAW. 389
Seventh: That a resolution be adopted approving the United
States Sales Act- (Appendix A.)
Eighth: That a resolution be adopted in the matter of Pro-
fessional Ethics and Trade Associations ; that the personal rela-
tionship between attorney and client should be preserved; that
the services of a lawyer should not be treated as merchandise
to be trafficked in; that there should not be solicitation of the
professional employment, either by indirection or direction;
that there should not be a division of fees by a lawyer with a
layman ; that the exploitation of the office of the lawyer for the
profit of another, is an abuse of its function, and that it is in the
public interest that the lawyer must be free from divided alleg-
iance and inconsistent obligations. For these reasons, therefore,
this Association disapproves of the organization of adjustment
bureaus wherein the lawyers* services are furnished by the Asso-
ciation to its members, and, whether there is a division of fees
with such an association or not, where the direct relationship of
attorney and client does not exist.
Ninth: That a resolution be adopted approving Senate Bill
77, providing for the payment of interest on judgments rendered
against the United States for money due on public work.
Tenth : That a resolution be adopted referring to the National
Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws, the bill
herewith submitted by your committee, as to a Uniform State
Arbitration Act. (Appendix C.)
Eleventh: That a resolution be adopted approving form of
treaty to be negotiated with foreign countries for making effective
international arbitration in commercial disputes and contro-
versies, herewith submitted. (Appendix D.)
Twelfth: That a resolution be adopted approving suggested
provisions of a bill for a United Stetes Act for the arbitration
of actual commercial controversies and disputes, herewith sub-
mitted. (Appendix B.)
Thirteenth: That a resolution be adopted, approving the
amendment of Section 22a of the United States Bankrupt Act,
by adding at the end of said section the following :
And after any general reference the referee shall, unless the judge
orders otherwise, have jurisdiction in plenary suits under Sections 60b;
67e; and 70e for the recovery of property transferred by way of prefer-
ence and property fraudulently transiferred.
11.
(a) Your committee, pursuant to the invitational letter and
Agenda, held a three days' public hearing in the assembly room
of the Merchants* Association, Woolworth Building, 233 Broad-
way, N"ew York City, March 29-31, inclusive, 1922, at which
290 REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON
more than twenty-five representatives of variouB interests, indus-
tries and associations appeared on behalf of the respective
interests represented by them, and vigorously discussed the
questions of interest to them and constructively criticized the
proposed drafts of laws being considered by your committee.
(b) Tour committee, pursuant to resolutions Fifteenth and
Sixteenth in " Summary of Becommendations " of 1921 report,
has caused to be introduced, the bill to amend the National
Bankruptcy Act, the same being introduced by Senator Selden P.
Spencer, and being numbered 2921 ; and the Pomerene Bills of
Lading Act, bill being introduced by Senator Atlee Pomerene,
and being numbered 2530. The bills are now pending and
satisfactory hearings have been had on them.
(c) Your committee considered, pursuant to directions of
Executive Committee, Senate Bill 77, and reports in favor of
same by resolution Ninth hereof.
(d) Bespectin^ Becommendation Sixth, of the Summary of
Becommendations of 1921 Beport, your committee has had under
consideration for some time, the important subject of drafting an
act to codify the Law of Common Carriers in Interstate and
Foreign Commerce. The work is of such magnitude as to require
not only the patient and prolonged consideration of the com-
mittee itself, but the assistance of an expert draftsman. The
committee has called to its assistance at different times. Professor
Felix Frankfurter, but the work has from time to time been
interfered with and great progress has not been made in the
process of codification, and your committee recommends that
further time be given for the submission of such an act to the
Association.
(e) Beporting on the Eighteenth Becommendation, 1921 Be-
port, that the conunittee prepare and submit a Merchandise
Mark Act as to Interstate and Foreign Commerce. The Section
of Patent, Trade Marks and Copyright Law has prepared a draft
of the Trade Mark Act which embodies a parap^raph covering
the question of false descriptions and representations in the
sale of merchandise, and particularly embodies the idea of this
committee as to the kind of a Merchandise Marks Act which
Congress ought to pass. Your committee, however, is of the
opinion that a Merchandise Marks Act should not be made a
part of an act that deals with trade marks; that the subject is
distinct from the subject of trade marks, and your committee
recommends to this Association the adoption of a Merchandise
Marks Act in substance as referred to in paragraph No. 30 of the
committee draft of Trade Mark Act of the Section of Patent,
Trade Mark and Copyright Law or this Association, to-wit :
That any person who ahall affix, apply or annex, or use in connection
with any article or articles of merdiandise, or any container or containers
GOMMEROB^ TEADB AND OOMICBRGIAL LAW. 291
of the same, a false designation or origin, or any false description or
representation including words or other symbols, tending falsely to
identify the origin of the merchandise, or falsely to describe or represent
the same, and shall cause such merchandise to enter into interstate or
foreign commerce, or commerce with Indian tribes, and any person who
shall knowingly cause or procure the same to be transported in interstate
or foreign commerce or commerce with Indian tribes, or shall knowingly
dehver the same to any carrier to be so transported, shall be liable to an
action at law for damages, and to a suit in equity for an injunction, at
the suit of any person, firm or corporation doing businesB in the locality
falsely indicated as that of origin, or in the region in which said locality
is situated, or of any person, fijrm or corporation who is or is likely to be
damaged by the use of any false description or any representation, or at
the suit of any association of such persons, firms or corporations, and
any article marked or labeled in contravention of the provisions of this
section, diidl not be imported into the United States, or admitted to
entiy at any custom house of the United States.
(f ) With respect to Becommendatioxifl Tenth, Eleventh, Nine-
teenth and Twenty-Third, 1921 Beport. No suggestions or
information by persons or associations interested were presented
to your committee, and your committee makes no recommenda-
tion thereon.
(g) Beporting as to the Twenty-Second Becommendation of
the Summary of Becommendations 1921, Beport. Your com-
mittee reports that there was a ver^ extended discussion on this
topic, and the public hearing occupied more time in its presentar
tion by those who were in favor of it and by those who were
opposed to it than any other matter before the committee.
One of the very active representatives of the National Credit
Men's Association, who was familiar with the operation of credit
bureaus throughout the United States^ was very insistent that
every state should permit corporations to be organized so as to do
what he called *^ Adjustment Bureau Work.'' In his argument
he presented many reasons why it should be done. He was
encouraged in its presentation by a member of a very active
collection law firm in one of the principal esjstem cities, who
spoke along the economical lines. Neitiier of them, however,
could meet the contention that by the organization of such cor-
porations, and the handling of the legal business in the manner
provided by them, it would do away absolutely with that close
and personal relationship that exists between a lawyer and his
client, if the whole matter was simply a matter of barter and
sale, and where a creditor would have to do what he believed was
not for his best interests, or be thrown out of the association of
which he was a member.
They recognized the value of high, ethical principles and
said they should be maintained.
Equally and forcibly opposed to their argument were certain
lawyers and representatives of the New York County Lawyers'
Association.
292 REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON
We had before us the report of the Committee on Unlawful
Practice of the Law, of the New York County Lawyers' Asso-
ciation for the year 1922, the announcement of the opinion of
the same association by the Committee on Professional Ethics
for the year 1921, the acts which had been introduced in the
Senate and in the Assembly of the New York Legislature, endeav-
oring to modify the laws of New York so as to permit cor-
porations to be organized for the operaition of adjustment
bureaus, which acts were defeated in the legislative committees.
After due consideration of all these matters, your committee
unanimously endorsed the following resolution and the recom-
mendation to be made to the Association, to-wit :
That a resolution be adopted in the matter of Professional
Ethics and Trade Associations; that the personal relationship
between attorney and client should be preserved ; that the services
of a lawyer should not be treated as merchandise, to be trafficked
in; that there should not be solicitation of the professional
employment, either by indirection or direction ; that there should
not be a division of fees by a lawyer with a layman; that the
exploitation of the office of the lawyer for the profit of another,
is an abuse of its functions; and that it is in the public interest
that the lawyer must be free from divided allegiance and in-
consistent obligations. For these reasons, this Association, there-
fore, disapproves of the organization of adjustment bureaus
wherein the lawyer's services are furnished by the association
to its members, and, whether there is a division of fees with such
an association or not, where the direct relationship of attorney
and client does not exist.
(h) Beporting on the Seventh Becommendation of 1921 Be-
port, your committee has carefully considered the draft of a bill
relating to Sales and Contracts to Sell in Interstate and Foreign
Commerce, has invited suggestions, and has received assistance
and advice from Professor Samuel Williston, employed as expert
draftsman, and who sat with the committee at its hearing.
(i) The committee submits a draft of a bill as revised and
amended, and moves that a resolution be adopted approving the
bill as now submitted by the committee. (See Appendix A, for
draft.)
(j) Bespecting the Twelfth Becommendation of 1921 Beport,
your committee is still of the opinion that the changes suggested
are desirable, and recommends that a resolution be adopted,
urging the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform
State Laws to prepare such amendments as are needed to accom-
plish the desired result and recommends the same for approval
by the American Bar Association, and adoption by the states
which have enacted the Uniform Sales Act and the Uniform
Warehouse Beceipts Act.
GOMMEBOE^ TRADB AND COKKERCIAL LAW. 293
(k) Eeporting on the Twentieth Recommendation of the 1921
Report, your committee gave further consideration to the subject
of the uniformity of the law merchant' in North and South
America, and gathered some additional information of con-
siderable vdlue. The committee suggests that the subject have
further consideration.
(1) Respecting the Twenty-First Recommendation of the 1921
Report. Owing to the number of matters demanding attention,
the committee was not able this year to give much consideration
to a general system of United States Commercial Courts, along
the lines of the English Commercial Courts. The matter is
important and should be continued for further consideration.
(m) Reporting on the Eighth and Fourteenth Recommenda-
tions of the 1921 Report, your committee submits that, at its
annual meeting held in St. Louie, Missouri, beginning August
26, 1920 (Vol. XLV, Reports of the American Bar Association,
p. 75), the Association, on motion of Mr. Boston, adopted a
resolution that the Committee on Commerce, Trade and Com-
mercial Law be requested to consider and report at the next
annual meeting of the Association upon the further extension of
the principle of commercial arbitration. Pursuant to this reso-
lution, the committee submitted at the meeting of the Association
at Cincinnati, Ohio, beginning August 31, 1921, in its report
(Vol. XLVI, Reports of the American Bar Association, p. 309),
a draft of a Ulniform State Arbitration Act and a draft of a
Federal Act, both being modeled generally and substantially
upon the N"ew York Arbitration Law, which has been held to be
constitutional in matter of Berkovitz, 230 N. Y., 261. The
Arbitration Act of New York was prepared by committees of
the New York State Bar Association, in cooperation with the
Chamber of Commerce of the State of New York, and was in
effect the carrying forward of the recommendations of the
National Conference of Bar Associations held at Cleveland in
the year 1918, in which the Associations forming the conference
were urged to extend the principle of commercial arbitration.
The New York statute not only removes the anachronism in the
law of nearly three centuries' standing, namely, that agreements
to arbitrate are revocable at the pleasure of either party, but
also provides a speedy and effective method for performance of
the arbitration agreement. The testimony received by your
committee at the public sessions in New York, March 29, 30, and
31, 1922, confirms the testimony received by the committee in
1921, namely, that there is a great satisfaction on the part of
business men with the principles and procedure of the New York
Law and that it is deeired that these principles should be made
effective in interstate commerce, intrastate commerce and foreign
commerce. During the year Secretary of Commerce, Hoover,
294 REPOBT OF COHMITTBE ON
requested permisaion to introduce the proposed Federal Arbitra-
tion Statute in Congress. Copies of the draft of the federal
statute were furnished* to him, and your committee has had the
benefit of his advice^ as well as that of his assistant^ Mr. James B.
Stafford, and the solicitor of his department, Mr. William E,
Lamb. At the public hearings held by the committee, various
suggestions for the improvement of the statutes were made.
Your committee acknowledges specially the assistance of Mr.
Charles L. Bernheimer, Chairman of the Committee on Arbitra-
tion of the New York State Chamber of Commerce. Your
committee went over these suggestions in executive session very
carefully and had the assistance of Professor Samuel WiUiston
in considering them. The result is a very much improved draft
of both the federal statute and the proposed uniform state statute,
which are now submitted as a part of this report, marked " Ap-
pendix B ^' and " Appendix C.*'
It is highly desirable that the federal statute and the uniform
state statute should dovetail and fit each with the other. The
uniform state statute has received the consideration of the Com-
missioners on Uniform State Laws, ^ho appointed a special
committee to deal with the subject, of which Mr. Alexander H.
Bobbins was chairman. Owing to the untimely death of Mr.
Bobbins he was unable to complete his work upon this draft and
to give the committee the benefit of his suggestions and criti-
cisms. His successor, Mr. James H. Harkless, of Kansas City,
Missouri, has been in correspondence with your committee, and
his tentative draft of a statute, while differing in certain respects,
is in the same general direction as that contained in the drafts
here submitted. Because of the constitutional questions passed
upon in the matter of Berkovitz, and the general success to
which the procedure in New York has attained, the committee
has adhered very closely to the New York statute, modifying it
only in very slight respects. It believed that this statute in the
present form will have the approval of the Secretary of Com-
merce and of the appropriate committees in both Houses of
Congress, and that the state statute, following the same lines,
will, if approved by the Association, be adopted by the Legis-
latures of the respective states. A bill, following the lines of the
committee's draft was introduced in the New Jersey legislature
at the session of 1922, and passed the Assembly, but reached the
Senate too late to be passed by that body.
At the request of the Committee on Arbitration, of the New
York State Chamber of Commerce, a member of your committee
and counsel for that chamber, drew a form of treaty to be negoti-
ated with foreign countries for the purpose of making effective
international commercial arbitration agreements. This treaty
was submitted to Secretary of Commerce Hoover. The originju
/
COMMERCE^ TRADE AND COMMERCIAL LAW. 295
draft has been very much revised by your committee, and is
submitted herewith for the approval of the Association. ■ (Ap-
pendix D.) .
In the opinion of your committee, the adoption of the inter-
national treaty, the federal statute and the uniform state statute
will put the United States in the forefront in this procedural
reform. It will raise the standards of commercial ethics. It will
reduce litigation. It will enable business men to settle their
disputes expeditiously and economically, and will reduce the
congestion in thQ federal and state courts. In pressing forward
this improvement in the law, the Association will align itself with
the best economic and commercial thought of the country and
will do much to overcome the criticism of the " law^s delays.''
Your committee also considered a motion favoring the amend-
ment of Section 22a of the XT. S. Bankrupt Act by adding words at
the end of said section giving referees in bankruptcy power in
certain cases to hear suits to recover preferences and property
fraudulently conveyed and unanimously voted :
That a resolution be adopted approving the amendment of
Section 22a of the United States Bankrupt Act, by adding at the
end of said Section the following:
And after any general reference the referee shall, ualeas the judge
orders otherwise, have jurisdiction in plenary suits under Sections 0Ob ;
67e ; and 70e for the recovery of property transferred by way of prefer-
ence and property fraudulently tranmerred.
The length of this report is occasioned by the number of
subjects brought before your committee for its consideration.
Bespectf ully submitted,
W. H. H. Piatt, Chairman,
JuLTDS Henry Cohen,
HoLLis E. Bailet,
Howard H. Baldridge,
Provinob M. Poque,
Dated June 1, 1922. Committee.
296 REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON
APPENDIX A.
SECOND DRAFT OF A BILL.
Relating to Sales and Contracts to Sell in Interstate
AND Foreign Commerce.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled, That a sale or contract
to aell shall be governed by this act
(a) If made in the District of Columbia; or
(b) If such sale or contract to sell includes as one of its expressed or
implied terms an agreement that the goods shall be transportea, whether
at the seller's own expense or not and whether the property in the goods
passes at or before the time of shipment or not, from a foreign country
to one of the states of the United States; or from one of the states of
the United States to or through another state or a foreign country.
PART I.
Formation pf thb Contract.
Section 2,^lContracts to SeU and Sales.l (I) A contract to sell goods
is a contract whereby the seller agrees to transfer the property in goods
to the buyer for a consideration called the price.
(2) A sale of goods is an agreement whereby the seller transfers the
property in goods to the buyer for a consideration called the price.
(3) A contract to sell or a sale may be absolute or conditional.
(4) There may be a contract to sell or a sale between one part owner
and another.
Sbc. 3. — [Capacity — lAabiUties for Necessaries.'] Capacity to buy and
sell is regulated by the general law concaning capacity to contract, and
to transfer and acquire property.
Where necessaries are sold and delivered to an infant, or to a person
who by reason of mental incapacity or drunkenness is incompetent to
contract, he must pay a reasonable price therefor.
Necessaries in this section mean goods suitable to the condition in
life of such infant or other person, and to his actual requirements at the
time of delivery.
Formalities of the Contract,
Sbc. 4. — {Form of Contract or Sale.] Subject to the provisions of this
act and of any statute in that behalf, a contract to sell or a sale may be
made in writing (either with or without seal), or by word of mouth, or
partly in writing and partly by word of mouth, or may be inferred from
the conduct of the parties.
Sec. 5. — [Statute of Frauds.] (1) A contract to sell or a sale of any
goods or choses in action of the value of five hundred dollars or up-
wards shall not be enforceable by action unless the buyer shall accept
part of the goods or choses in action so contracted to be sold or sold, and
actually receive the same, or give something in earnest to bind the con-
tract, or in part payment, or unless some note or memorandum in writing
of the contract or sale be signed by the party to be charged or his agent
in that behalf.
• COMMEBOB, TRADI AND OOMMBROIAL LAW. 297
(2) The proviaioiui of this seotion apply to every such contract or
sale, notwitfustandiDg that the goods may be intended to be delivered at
some future time or may not at the time of such contract or sale be
actually made, procured, or provided, or fit or ready for delivery, or
some act may be requisite lor the making or completing thereof, or
rendering the same fit for delivery; but if the goods are to be manu-
factured by the seller especially for the buyer and are not suitable for
sale to others in the ordinary course of the seller^s business, the pro-
visions of this section shall not apply.
(3) There is an acceptance of goods within the meaning of this section
when the buyer, either before or after delivery of the goods, expresses
by words or conduct his assent to becoming the owner of those specific
goods.
(4) There is an actual receipt of goods within the meaning of this
section if the goods are in the buyer's posseenon at the time of the
bargain, though no act is done in regard to them.
(5) The seller cannot be the agent of the buyer either to accept or
actually to receive the goods, but a third person may be the agent of
both parties for either purpose, or for both purposes.
Subject Matter oj Contract.
Sec. 6. — [Existing and Future Goods.] (1) The ^oods which form the
subject of a contract to sell may be either existing goods, owned or
possessed by the seller, or goods to be manufactured or acquired by the
seller after the making of the contract to sell, in this act called " future
goods."
(2) There may be a contract to sell goods, the acquisition of which by
the seller depends upon a contingency which may or fnay not happen.
(3) Where the parties purport to effect a present sale of future goods,
the agreement operates as a contract to sell the goods.
Sbc. 7.— [l/ndivtrfcd Shares.] (1) There may be a contract to sell or
a sale of an undivided share of goods. If the parties intend to effect
a present sale, the buyer, by force of the agreement, becomes an owner
in common with the owner or owners of the remaining shares.
(2) In the case of fungible goods, or of any goods which by custom
or the agreement of parties are treated as fungible, there may be a sale of
an undivided share of a specific mass, though the seller purports to sell
and the buyer to buy a definite number, weight or measure of the goods
in the mass, and though tlie number, weight or measure of the goods in
the mass is undetermined. By such a sale the buyer becomes owner in
common of such a share of the mass as the number, weight or measure
bought bears to the number, weight or measure of the mass. If the mass
contains less than the number, weight or measure bought, the buyer
becomes the owner of the whole mass and the seller is bound to make
good the deficiency from similar goods unless a contrary intent appears.
Sbc. 8. — [Destruction o] Goods Sold.] (1) Where the parties purport
to sell specific goods, and the goods without the knowledge of the seller
have wholly perished at the time when the agreement is made, the
agreement is void.
(2) Where the parties purport to sell specific goods, and the goods
without the knowledge of the seller have perished in part or have wholly
or in a material part so deteriorated in quality as to be substantial^
changed in character, the buyer may at his option treat the sale —
(a) As avoided, or
(b) As transferring the property in all of the existing goods or in so
much thereof as have not deteriorated, and as hinding we buyer to pay
298 BBPOBT OF GOMMITTBB ON
■
the full agreed price if the sale was indivisible or to pay the Agreed price
for the goods in which the property passes if the sale was divisible.
Sec. 9 r— [Destruction of Goods Contracted to be^Sold,! (1) Where
there is a contract to seU specific goods, and subsequently, but before
the risk passes to the buyer, without any fault on the part of the seller
or the buyer, the goods wholly perish, the contract is thereby avoided.
(2) Where there is a contract to sell specific goods, and subsequently,
but before the risk passes to the buyer, without any fault of the seller or
the buyer, part of the goods perish or the whole or a material part of the
goods so deteriorate in quality as to be substantially changed in character,
the buyer may at his option treat the contract —
(a) As avoided, or
(b) As binding the seller to transfer the property in all of the existing
goods or in so much thereof as have not detenorated, and as binding the
buyer to pay the full agreed price if the contract was indivisible, or to
pay the agreed price for so much of the goods as the seller, by the buyer's
option, is bound to transfer if the contract was divisible.
Under this section, and under the preceding section, merely taking the
existing or uninjured goods into his possession shall not be deemed a
conclusive exercise of his option by the buyer ; and nothing herein shall
preclude the enforcement of an express or implied agreement of the
parties that the buyer shall become owner of the existing or the uninjured
l^oods at a fair valuation thereof, though the contract or sale was
mdivisible.
The Price.
Sec. 10. — [Definition and Ascertainment of Price.} (1) The price may
be fixed by the contract, or may be left to be fixed in such manner as ,
may be agreed, or it may be determined by the course of dealing between
the parties.
(2) The price may be made payable in any personal property.
(3) Where transferring or promising to transfer any interest in real
estate constitutes the whole or pari of the consideration for transferring
or for promising to transfer the property in goods, this act shall not
apply.
(4) Where the price is not determined in accordance with the fore-
going provisions the buyer must pay a reasonable price. What is a
reasonable price is a question of fact dependent on the circumstances of
each particular case.
Sec. 11. — [Sale at a Valiiation.1 (1) Where there is a contract to sell
or a sale of goods at a price or on terms to be fixed by a third person,
and such third person, without fault of the seller or the buyer, cannot or
does not fix the price or terms, the contract or the sale is thereby
avoided ; but if the goods or any part thereof have been delivered to and
appropriated by the buyer he must pay a reasonable price therefor.
(2) Where such third person is prevented from fixing the price or
terms by fault of the seller or the buyer, the party not in fault may have
such remedies against the party in fault as are allowed by Parts IV and
V of this act.
Conditions and Warranties.
Sk. I2.^[3ffeet of Conditions.] (1> Where the obligation of either
party to a contract to sell or a sale is subject to any condition which is
not performed, such party may refuse to proceed with the contract or
sale or he may waive performance of the condition. If the other party
has promised that the condition should happen or be performed, su<^
first-mentioned party may also, treat liie non-performance of tile con-
dition as a breaeh of warranty.
COMMERCE^ TRADB AND COMMBROIAL LAW. 299
(2) Where the property ib the goods has not pasBed, the buyer may
treat the fulfilhuent by ibe seller of his obligation to furnish goods as
described and as warranted expressly or by implication in the contract
to sell as a condition of the obligation of the buyer to perform his
promise to accept and pay for the goods.
(3) Where the seller contracts to sell goods ** to arrive " or " expected
to arrive" at a certain place, it shall be presumed, unless a different
intention appears that the buyer warrants that the goods have been or
shall be duly offered for transportation to the place where they are said
to be expected to arrive, but that if so tenderea, their due arrival is only
a condition qualifying the obligations of both parties.
Sac. IZ.-^lDe^nition of Express Warranty.} Any afi&rmation of fact
or any promise by the seller relating to the goods is an express warranty
if the natural tendency of such afimnation or promise is to induce the
buyer to purchase the p^oods, and if the buyer purchases the goods relying
thereon. No afiGurmation of the value of the goods, nor any statement
purporting to be a statement of the seller's opinion only shall be con-
strued as a warranty.
Sbc. 14.— [/mpitsa Warranties of Title.} In a contract to sell or a sale,
unless a contrary intention appears, there is —
(1) An implied warranty on the part of the seller that in case of a
sale he has a right to sell the goods, and that in case of a contract to sell
he will have a right to sell the goods at the time when the property is
to pass.
(2) An impUed warranty that the buyer shall have and enjov quiet
possession of the goods as against apy lawful claims existing at the time
of the sale.
(3) An implied warranty that the goods shall be free at the time of
the sale from any charge or encumbrance in favor of any third person,
not declared or known to the buyer before or at the time when the con-
tract or sale is made.
(4) This section shall not, however, be held to render liable a sheriff,
auctioneer, mortgagee, or other person professing to sell by virtue of
authority m fact or law a le^al or equitable inter^ of a thinl person in
the goods which are the subject of the sale or contract to sell.
Sbc. 15.— {Implied Warranty in Sale by Description.'] Where there
is a contract to sell or a sale of goods by aescription, there is an implied
warranty that the goods shall correspond with uie description and if the
contract or sale be by sample, as well as by description, it is not sufficient
that the bulk of the goods corresponds with the sample if the goods do
not also correspond with the description.
Sbc. 16. — [ImpUed Warranties of Quality.} Subject to the provisions
of this act and of any statute in that behalf^ there is no implied warranty
or condition as to the quality or fitness for any particular purpose of
goods supplied under a contract to sell or a sale, except as follows:
(1) Where the buyer, expressly or by implication, makes known to the
seller the particular purpose for which the goods are required, and it
appears that the buyer relies on the seller's sldll or judgment (whetiier
he be the grower or manufacturer or not), there is an implied warranty
that the goods shal] be reasonably fit for such purpose.
(2) Where the ffoods are bought by description from a seller who deals
in goods of that description (whether he be the grower or manufacturer
or not), there is an implied warranty that the goods shall be of mer-
chantable quality.
(3) If the buyer has examined the goods, there is no implied warranty
as regards defects which such examination ought to have revealed.
(4) Where the seller has contracted to sell unspecified goods, he is
bound to deliver such goods as the contract requires, though he is neiUier
300 REPORT OP COMMITTEE ON
a dealer nor manufacturer. The effect of subsequent acceptance by the
buyer of goods under the contract is governed by Section 36.
(5) In the case of a contract to sell or a sale of a specified article under
its patent or other trade name, there is no impliea warranty as to its
fitness for any particular purpose.
(6) An implied warranty or condition as to quality or fitness for a
particular purpose may be annexed by the usage of trade.
(7) An express warranty or condition does not negative a warranty or
condition implied under tiiis act unless inconsistent therewiOi.
Sale by Sample.
Sec. 17. — {ImpUed Warranties in Sale by Sample,} In the case of a
contract to sell or a sale by sample:
(a) There is an implied warranty that the bulk shall correspond with
the sample in quality.
(b) Tnere is an implied warranty that the buyer shall have a reason-
able opportunity of comparing the bulk with the sample, except so far
as otherwise provided in Section 34.
(c) If the seller is a dealer in goods of that kind, there is an implied
warranty that the ^oods shall be free from any defect rendering them
unmerchantable which would not be apparent on reasonable examination
of the sample.
(d) If tne sample is inconsistent with words of description agreed
upon by the parties there is an implied warranty that the goods shall
correspond to the description and shall not vary from the sample further
than correspondence with the description requires.
PART IL
Transfbr of Pbopertt as Bbtwebn Sbllbb and Butsr.
Sec. 18. — [No Property Passes Until Goods are Ascertained.] Where
there is a contract to sell unascertained goods no property in the goods
is transferred to the buyer unless and until the goods are ascertained,
but property in an undivided share of ascertained goods may be trans-
ferred as provided in Section 7.
Sec. 19. — [Property in Goods Passes token Parties so Intend.] (1)
Where there is a contract to sell specific or ascertained goods, or goods
which, though unascertained, at the time of the bargain, nave sub-
sequently become specified, the property in the goods is transxerred to the
buyer at such time as the parties to the contract intend it to be trans-
ferred.
(2) For the purpose of ascertaining the intention of the parties, regard
shall be had to the terms of the contract, the conduct of the parties,
usages of trade and the circumstances of the case.
Sec. 20. — [RiUes for Ascertaining Intention.] Unless a different inten-
tion appears, the following are rules for ascertaining the intention of the
garties as to the time at wnich the property in the goods is to pass to the
uyer.
Rule 1. — Where there is an unconditional contract to sell specific goods,
in a deliverable state, the property in the goods passes to the Duyer
when the contract is made, and it is immaterial whether the time of
payment, or the time of delivery, or both, be postponed, or whether
weighing or measuring the goods is necessary to fix the price.
Rule i. — Where there is a contract to sell specific goods and the seller
is bound to do something to the goods, for the purpose of putting them
into a deliverable state, the property passes as soon as such thing has
l^en done^ but not before.tbftt ume>
COMMEROB, TRADE AND COMMEROIAL LAW. 301
Rule 5.-— (1) When goods are delivered to the buyer ''on sale or
return," or on other terms indicating an intention to make a present
sale, but to give the buyer an option to return the goods instead of pay-
ing the price, the property passes to the buyer on delivery, but he mur
revest the property in the seller by returning or tendering the goods
within the time fixed in the contract, or, if no tmie has been fixed, within
a reasonable time.
(2) When goods are delivered to the buyer on approval or on trial or
on satisfaction, or other similar terms, the property therein passes to the
buyer—
(a) When he signifies his approval or acceptance to the seller or does
any other act adopting the transaotioii;
(b) If he does not signify his approval or lusoeptance to the seller, but
retains the goods without giving notice of rejection, then, if a time has
been fixed for the return of the goods, on the expiration of such time,
and, if no time has been fixed, on the expiration of a reasonable time.
What is a reasonable time is a question of fact.
Ride 4^—W Where there is a contract to sell unascertained or future
goods by description, and goods of that description and in a deliverable
state are unconditionally appropriated to the contract, either by the seller
witn the assent of the buyer, or by the buyer with the assent of the seller,
the propoty in the goods thereupon passes to the buyer. Such assent
may be expressed or implied, and may be given either before or after
the appropriation is made.
(2) Where, in pursuance of an order or a contract to sell, the seller
delivers goods to the buyer, or to a carrier or other bailee for the purpose
of transmission to or holding for the buyer, the seller is presumed to have
unconditionally appropriated the goods to the contract, except in the
cases provided for m toe next rules and in Section 21.
If the goods conform to the order or contract, and the terms and
mode of deliveiy to the carrier or other bailee were expressly or im-
pliedly authorized by the buyer, the property is presumed to pass on
such delivery except in the cases provided for in the next rules and in
Section 21. This presumption is applicable although by the express or
implied terms of the order or contract, the buyer is to pay the price
before receiving delivery of the goods, and the goods are marked with
the letters C. O. D. or uieir equivalent.
Ride 6. — Where an order or a contract to sell requires the seller to
deliver the goods at a particular place or to pay as a separate item the
frei^t or cost of transportation to a particular place (whether or not
these terms are indicated by stating the goods are to be delivered F. O. B.
at the place) the property passes, except in the case stated in the follow-
ing rule, when goods of the required description are delivered at that
place in accordance with the terms of the order or contract.
Rtde 6, — ^Where an order or a contract to sell requires the seller to
deliver the goods at the buyer's residence or place of business (not merely
at the town where such residence or place of business is situated), the
property will not pass until the buyer, after inspection of the goods, has
accepted them.
Sbc. 21. — IReeervation of Right of Posseuion or Property when Goods
are Shipped.] (1) Where there is a contract to sell specific goods, or
where goods are subsequently appropriated to the contract, the seller
may, by the terms of the contract or appropriation, reserve the right of
possession or property in the goods until certain conditions have been
fulfilled. The right of possession or property may be thus reserved not-
withstanding the delivery of the goods to the buyer or to a carrier or
other bailee for the purpose of transmission to the buyer.
302 REPORT OF COMMITTRB ON
(2) Where goods are shipped, and by the bill of lading the goods are
deliverable to the seller or his agent, or to the order of the seller or of
his agent, the seller therebv reserves the property in the goods. But if,
except for the form of the bill of lading, the property would have passed
to the buver on shipment of the goodlb, the seUer's property in the goods
shall be deemed to be only for the purpose of securing x>^rfonnance by
the buyer of his obligations under the contract, and tne buyer shall be
deemed to have a property right in the goods analogous to that of a
mortgagor or a buyer under a conditional sale.
(3) Where goods are shipped in conformity with an order or a con-
tract, and a single sum is fixed therein as the payment to be made by the
buyer for the cost of the goods and their insurance and freight while in
transit (whether or not these terms are indicated by the iettov C. I. F.),
or for the cost of the goods and their freight while in transit (whether
or not these terms are indicated by the letters O. F.), a reservation by
the seller of the property in the goods or of the right of possession thereof
shall be deemed to be only for the purpose of i^rocuring performance
by the buyer of his obligations under the contract as provided in sub-
section (2).
(4) Where in conformity with an order or a contract, goods in the
hands of a carrier or other bailee are made deliverable by the seller
(either directly or by indorsement) by means of a document of title to a
banker or other person who, under an agreement with and on bdialf of
a customer or chent, pays or contracts to pay the price of the goods or
makes an advance on the faith of such document, sudi banker or other
person acquires the property in the goods, but only for the purpose of
security, and the customer or client acquires a property right in the goods
analogous to that of a mortgagor or a buyer under a conditional sale.
(5) Where goods are shipped, and by the bill of lading the goods are
deliverable to the order of the buyer or of his agent, or to the order of a
banker or other third person, but poBsession of the bill of lading is retained
by the seller or his agent, tne seller thereby reserves a right to the pos-
session of the goods untO he has been paid the price. A retention of a
straight bill of lading shall have no such effect.
(6) Where the seUer of goods draws on the buyer for the price and
transmits the bill of exchange and bill of lading together to the buyer
to secure acceptance or pajrment of the bill of excnange, the buyer is
bound to return the bill of lading if he does not honor the bill of ex-
change, and if he wrongfully retains the bill of lading he acquires no
added right thereby. If, however, the bill of lading provides that the
goods are deliverable to the buyer or to the order of the btiyer, or is
indorsed in blank, or to the buyer by the consignee named therein, one
who purchases in good faith, f<^ value, the bill of lading or the goods fnmi
the buyer will obtain the property in the goods although the bill of
exchange has not been honored, provided that such purchaser has re-
ceived delivery of the bill of ladmg indorsed by the consignee named
therein, or of the goods, without notice of the facts making the transfer
wrongful.
(7) Transactions to which this section relates shall not be deemed
mortgages or conditional aales within the meaning of statutes relating in
terms to mortgages or conditional sales.
8bc. 22. — [Sale by AuctionJl In case of sale by auction —
(1) Where goods are put up for sale by auction in lots, each lot is
the subject of a separate contract of sale.
(2) A sale by auction is complete when the auctioneer announces its
completion by the fall of the hammer, or in other customary manner.
Until such announcement is made, any bidder may retract his bid, and
COMMEBOB^ TRADE AND COMMERCIAL LAW. 303
the auctioneer may withdraw the goods from aale milesB the auction has
been announced to be without reserve.
(3) A right to bid may be reserved expressly by or on behalf of the
seller.
(4) Where notice has not been given that a sale by auction is subject
to a right to bid on behalf of the seller, it shall not be lawful for the
seller to bid himself or to employ or induce any person to bid at such
sale on his behalf, or for the auctioneer to employ or induce any person
to bid at such sale on behalf of the seller or knowingly to take any bid
from the seller or any person employed bv him. Ab^ sale contravening
this rule may be treated as fradulent by the buyer.
Sbc. 23.— [Risk of Loss.} Unless otherwise agreed, the goods remain
at the seller's risk until the property therein is transferred to the buyer,
but when the property therein is transferred to the buyer the goods are at
the buyer's nsk whether deliveiy has been made or not, except that —
(a) where delivery of the goods has been made to the buyer, or to a
bailee, in pursuance of the contract, and the property in the goods has
been retained by the seller or transferred to a banker or other third
person as security for the performance by the buyer of his obligations
under the contract, the goods are at the buyer's risk from the time of
such delivery;
(b) Where delivery has been delaved through the fault of either buyer
or seller the goods are at the risk of the party in fault until the contract
is terminated by a total breach or otherwise, as regards any loss which
might not have occurred but for such fault.
Transfer of Title.
Sec. 24.— [5ate by a Person Not the Ovmer,} (1) Subject to the pro-
visions of this act, where goods are sold by a person who is not the
owner thereof, and who does not sell them under the authority or with
the consent of the owner, the buyer acquires no better title to the goods
than the seller had, unless the owner of the goods is by his conduct
precluded from denying the seller's authority to sell.
- (2) Nothing in this act, however, shall affect —
(a) The provisions of any factors' acts, recording acts, or any enact-
ment enablmg the apparent owner of goods to dispose of them as if he
were the true owner thereof;
(b) The validity of any contract to sell or sale under any special
common law or statutory power of sale or under the order of a court of
competent jurisdiction.
Sbc. 26.— [Sale by One Having a Voidable Title.} Where the seller of
goods has a voidable title thereto, but his title has not been avoided at
the time of the sale, the binrer acquires a good title to the goods, pro-
vided he buyB them in good faith, for value, and without notice of the
seller's defect of title.
Sbc. 2Q.—[Sale by Seller in Possession of Goods Abready Sold.} Where
a person having sold goods continues in possession of the goods, or of
negotiable documents of title to the rooos, the delivery or transfer by
that person, or by an agent acting for him, of the goods or documents of
title under any sale, pledge, or other disposition uiereof , to any penon
receiving and paying value for the same in good faith ana without notice
of the previous sale, shall have the same effect as if the person making
the delivery or transfer were expressly authorised by the owner of the
goods to make the same.
Sic. 27.— iCreditorf^ Rights Against Sold Goods in Seller's Possession.}
Where a person having sold goods continues in possession of the floods,
or of negotiable documents of title to the goods, and such retention of
304 RBPOBT OF OOMMITTBE ON
possession is fraudulent in fact or is deemed fraudulent under any rule
of law of the state where the goods are situated, a creditor or creditors of
the seller may treat the sale as void.
PART in.
Perfobmancb of the Contbact.
Sec. 28. — [Seller Musi Deliver and Buyer Accept Goods."] It is the
duty of the seller to deliver the goods, and of the buyer to accept and
pay for them, in accordance with the terms of the contract to sell or
the sale.
Sec. 29. — [Delivery and Payment are Concurrent Conditions.] Unless
otherwise agreed, delivery of the goods and payment of the price are
concurrent conditions ; that is to say, the seller must be ready and willing
to give possession of the goods to the buyer in exchange for the price
and the buyer must be ready and willing to pay the price in exchange for
possession of the goods.
Sec. ZO.— [Place, Time and Manner of Delivery.] (1) Whether it is
for the buyer to take possession of the goods or for the seller to send
them to the buyer is a question depending in each case on the contract,
express or implied, between the parties. Apart from any such contract,
express or implied, or usage of trade to the contrary, the place of
delivery is the seller's place of business if he have one, and if not, his
residence; but in case of a contract to sell or a sale of specific goods,
which to the knowledge of the parties when the contract or the sale was
made were in some other place, then that place is the place of delivery.
(2) Where by a contract to sell or a sale the seller is bound to send the
goods to the buyer, but no time for sending them is fixed, the seller is
bound to send them within a reasonable time.
(3) Where the goods at the time of sale are in the possession of a
third person, the seller has not fulfilled his obligation to deliver to the
buyer unless and until such third person acknowledges to the buyer that
he holds the goods on the buyer's behalf; but as against all others than
the seller the buyer shall be regarded as having received delivery from
the time when such third person first has notice of the sale. Nothing in
this section, however, shall afifect the operation of the issue or negotia-
tion or transfer of any document of title to goods.
(4) Demand or tender of delivery may be treated as ineffectual unless
made at a reasonable hour. What is a reasonable hour is a question
of fact.
(5) Unless otherwise affreed, the expenses of and incidental to putting
the goods into a deliverable state must be borne by the seller.
Sec. Zl.— [Delivery oj Wrong Quantity.] (1) WTiere the seller delivers
to the buyer a quantity of goods less than he contracted to sell, the
buyer may reject them, but if the buyer accepts or retains the goods so
delivered, knowing that the seller is not going to perform the contract
in full, he must pay for them at the contract rate. If, howevo:, the buyer
has used or disposed of ^e goods delivered before he knows that the
seller is not going to perform his contract in full, the buyer shall not be
liable for more than the fair value to him of the goods so received.
(2) Where the seller delivers to the buyer a quantity of goods laigar
than he contracted to sell, the buyer may axscept the goods mcluded in
the contract and reject the rest, or he may reject the whole. If the buyer
accepts the whole of the goods so deUvered he must pay for them at the
^ (3) Where' the seller delivers to the buyer the goods he contracted to
sell mixed with goods of a different description not included in the con-
\
COMMERCE, TRADE ANP COMMERCIAL LAW. 306
tract, the buyer may accept the goods which are in accordance with the
contract and reject tjie rest, or he may reject the whole.
(4) The provisions of this section are subject to any usage of trade,
special agreement, or course of dealing between the parties.
Sec. 32. — {Delivery m InstalmentaJ] (1) Unless otherwise agreed, the
buyer of goods is not bound to accept delivery thereof by instalments.
(2) Where there is a contract to sell goods to be delivered by stated
instalments, which are to be separately ^paid for, and the seller makes
defective deliveries in respect of one or more instalments, or the buyer
neglects or refuses to take delivery of or to pay for one or more instal-
ments, it depends in each case on the terms of the contract and the cir-
cumstances of the case, whether the breach of contract is so material as to
justify the injured party in refusing to proceed further and suing for
damages for breach of the entire contract, or whether the breach is
severable, giving rise to a claim for compensation, but not to a right to
treat the whole contract as broken.
Sbc. dZ.— {Delivery to a Carrier on Behalf of the BuyerJ] (1) Where,
under the terms of a contract to sell or a sale, or of an offer to buy, the
seller is authorized or required to send the goods to the buyer, delivery of
the goods to any carrier, within the express or implied terms of the con-
tract or offer, for the purpose of transmission to the buyer is deemed to
be a dehvery of the goods to the buyer, except in the cases provided for
in Section 20, Rules 5 and 6 or unless a contrary intent appears.
(2) Unless otherwise authorized by the buyer, the seller must make
such contract with the carrier on behalf of the buyer as may be reason-
able, having regard to the nature of the goods and the other circum-
stances of the case'. If the seller omit so to do, and the goods are lost or
damaged in course of transit, the buyer may decline to treat the delivery
to the carrier as a delivery to himself, or may hold the seller responsible
in damages.
(3) Unless otherwise agreed, where goods are sent by the seller to the
buyer under circumstances in which the seller knows or ought to know
that it is usual to insure, the seller must give such notice to the buyer
as may enable him to insure them during their transit, and, if the seller
fails to do so, the goods shall be deemed to be at his risk during such
transit.
Sbc. 34. — {Right to Examine the Goods.} (1) Where goods are
delivered to the buyer, which he has not previously examined, he is not
deemed to have accepted them unless anci until he has had a reasonable
opportunity of examining them for the purpose of ascertaining whether
they are in conformity with the contract.
(2) Unless otherwise agreed, when the seller tenders delivery of goods
to the buyer, he is bound, on request, to afford the buyer a reasonable
opportimity of examining the goods for the purpose of ascertaining
whether they are in conformity with the contract.
(3) Where goods are delivered to a carrier by the seller, in accordance
with an order from or agreement with the buyer, upon the terms that
the goods shall not be delivered by the carrier to the buyer until he has
paid the price, whether such terms are indicated by marking the goods
with the words " collect on dehvery," " C. O. D.," or otherwise, or where
the buyer has agreed to pay the price on receiving documents of title,
the buyer is not entitled to examine the goods before payment of the
price in the absence of agreement permitting such examination.
Sbc. 35^ — {What Constitutes Acceptance,} The buyer is deemed to
have accepted the goods when he intimates to the seller that he has
accepted them, or when the goods have been delivered to him, and he
does any act in relation to them which is inconsistent with the ownership
/
306 RBPOKT OF qOMMITTBE ON
of the seller, or when, after the lapse of a reasonable time, he retains the
goods wiUiout intimating to the seller that he has rejected them.
Sbg. 36. — [Acceptance Does Not Bar Action for Danuiges.'] In the
absence of express or implied agreement of the parties, acceptance of the
goods by the buyer does not discharge the seller from liability in damages
or other legal remedy for breach of any promise or warranty in the con-
tract to sell or the sale. But if, after acceptance of the goods, the buyer
fails to give notice to the seller of the breach of any promise or warranty
within a reasonable time after the buyer knows, or ought to know of such
breach, the seller shall not be liable therefor.
Sec. 37. — [Buyer is Not Bound to Return Goods Wrongly Delivered.]
Ui^ess otherwise agreed, where goods are delivered to the buyer, and he
refuses to accept them, having the ri^t so to do, he is not bound to
return them to the seller, but it is sufQcient if he notifies the seller that he
refuses to accept them.
Sec. 38. — [Buyer^s Liability for Failing to Accept Pelivery.} When the
seller is ready and willing to deliver the goods, and requests the buyer to
take delivery, and the buyer does not within a reasonable time after such
request take delivery of the goods, he is liable to the seller for any loss
occasioned by his neglect or refusal to take delivery, and also for a
reasonable charge for the care and custody of the goods. If the neglect
or refusal of the buyer to take delivery amounts to a repudiation or
breach of the entire contract, the seller dhall have the rights against the
goods and on the contract hereinafter provided in favor of the seller
when the buyer is in default.
Sbg. Z9.-^[F, 0. B. ffiipmenisJ] Unless a contrary intention appears,
a contract to sell providing for the delivery of goods F. O. B. a named
place means that the goods are to be put in the poasession of a carrier
free of charges at that place, for transmission or delivery to the buyer,
and in the absence of terms inconsistent therewith imposes upon the
seller:
(a) The duty of putting the goods in the possession of the carrier and
of paying all charges of loading or transportation until the goods reach
the place named ;
(b) The duty of obtaining from the carrier a bill of lading for the
^oods, which may, however, if the seller is unpaid, reserve the property
m him for security as provided in Section 21 ;
(c) The risk of loss imtil the goods are in the possession of the carrier
at the named place.
Such a contract, in the absence of terms unconsistent therewith, im-
poses upon the buyer:
(a) The duty of paying the price on performance by the seller of his
obligations ;
(b) The risk of loss from the time that the goods are in the possession
of the carrier at the named place.
Sbc. 40.— [C. /. F. ShipmentsJ] Unless a contrarv intention appears, a
contract to sell providing for the shipment of gooas C. I. F. means that
the goods are to be put in the possession of a carrier for transmission to
the buyer and that the price to be paid includes in a lump sum the cost
of the goods, the freight to the place of destination, and the premium for
insurance of the goods during transit. Such a contract in the absence of
terms inconsistent therewith imposes upon the seller:
(a) The duty of putting the goods in the hands of the carrier, and of
pa3dng all charges of loading and freight to the place of destination;
(b) The duty of obtaining from the carrier a bill of lading for the
f^oodis, which may, however, if the seller is unpaid, reserve the property
m him for security as provided in Section 21 ;
COMMEKOB, TRADE AND COMMERCIAL LAW. 307
(c) The duty of obtaining a policy of insurance, insuring the goocbs
during transit, and paying the premium therefor;
(d) The duty of tendering to the buyer, on condition of receiving con-
current payment of the price. (1) a bill of lading, which by indorsement
or otherwise makes the gooas deliverable at destination to the buyer;
(2) a policy of insurance, with premium paid, under which payment for
loss or injury to the gooos during transit is made payable to the buyer ;
(3) a receipt from the carrier showing that the freight has been prepaid
or payment thereof secured.
(e) The risk of loss or injury to the goods until they have been
delivered to the carrier and covered by insurance.
Such a contract in the absence of terms inconsistent therewith, im-
poses upon the buyer:
(a) The duty of paying the price on tender by the seller of the docu-
ments due from him as above stated;
(b) The risk of loss from the time that the goods have been delivered
to the carrier and covered by insurance.
Sec. 41. — [Interpretation of Other Mercantile Contracts.} Unless a
contrary intention appears, a contract to sell providing for the delivery
of goods F. A. S. a vessel at a named port means that the goods are to be
deCvered alongside the vessel free of charges, and imposes upon the
seller the same obligations as a contract to deliver the goods F. 0. B. the
vessel at the named port except that the seller does not assume the duty
or expense of loading after the goods have been delivered to the carrier
alongside the vessel.
Unless a contrary intention appears a contract to sell goods C. F. or
C. A. F. or C. and F. means that the eoods are to be put in the posses-
sion of a carrier for transmission to the buyer and that the price to be
paid includes in a lump sum the cost of the goods and the freight to
the place of destination. Such a contract imposes upon the seller in the
absence of terms inconsistent therewith the same duties as a G.I.F.
contract except that of obtaining insurance. The risk is on the buyer
from the time of shipment and the price is payable on tender of a
proper bill of lading and receipt showing that tne freight has been pre-
paid or its payment secured.
A contract to sell goods C.A.C. (that is for a price including in a
lump sum the cost of the goods and all charges to the place of destina-
tion) has the same effect as a contract to sell goods G. F., except not
only freight but all charges on the soods to the place of destination
must be paid or their payment securea by the seller.
Sec. 42.— [FatZure of Carrier to Provide Means of Transportation.']
In all cases where the contract provides that goods shall be transported
by a specific carrier, or is based on the express or tacit assumption that
they will be so transported, if that carrier fails when duly requested, and
without legal liability therefor, to furnish cars for loading the goods, or
means of transporting the goods to the named place, the seller is not
liable to the buyer for delay in performance or for non-performance of
the contract thus caused.
PART IV.
Rights of Unpaid Seller Against the Goods.
Sec. ^.—[Definition of Unpaid Seller.} (1) The seller of goods is
deemed to be an unpaid seller within the meaning of this act —
(a) When the whole of the price has not been paid or tendered;
(b) When a bill of exchange or other n^otiable instrument has been
received as conditional pasrment, and the condition on which it was
308 BEPOBT OF COMMITTEE ON
received has been broken by reason of the dishonor of the instrument,
the insolvency of the buyer, or otherwise.
(2) In this part of this act the term " seller " includes an agent of the
seller to whom the bill of lading has been indorsed, or a consignor or
agent who has himself paid, or is directly responsible for, the price, or
any other person who is in the position of a seller.
Sbc. 44. — [Remedies of an Unpaid SeUerJ] (1) Subject to the pro-
visions of this act, notwithstanding that the property in the goods may
have passed^ the buyer, unpaid seller of goods, as such, has —
(a) A lien on the goods or right to retain them for the price while he is
in possession of them;
(b) In case of the insolvency of the buyer, a right of stopping the
goods in transitu after he has parted with the possession of them ;
(c) A right of resale as limited by this act ;
(d) A right to rescind the sale as limited by this act.
(2) Where the property in goods has not passed to the buyer, the
unpaid seller has, in addition to his other remedies, a right of with-
holding delivery similar to and coextensive with his rights of ^lien and
stoppage in transitu where the property has passed to buyer.
Unpaid Seller^s Lien.
Sec. 45. — [When Right of Lien May be Exercised.] (1) Subject to
the provisions of this act, the unpaid seller of goods who is in possession
of them is entitled to retain possession of them until payment or tender
of the price in the following cases, namely:
(a) Where the goods have been sold without any stipulation as to
credit ;
(b) Where the goods have been sold on credit, but the term of credit
has expired;
(c) Where the buyer becomes insolvent.
(2) The seller may exercise his right of lien notwithstanding that he is
in possession of the goods as agent or bailee for the buyer.
Sec. 46. — [Lien After Part Delivery.] Where an unpaid seller has made
part delivery of the goods, he may exercise his right of lien on the
remainder, unless such part delivery has been made under such circum-
stances as to show an intent to waive the lien or right of retention.
Sec. 47. — [When Lien is Lost.] (1) The unpaid seller of goods loses his
lien thereon —
(a) When he dehvers the goods to a carrier or other bailee for the
purpose of transmission to the buyer without reserving the property in
the goods or the right to the possession thereof;
(b) When the buyer or his agent lawfully obtains possession- of the
goods;
(c) By waiver thereof.
(2) The unpaid seller of goods, having a lien thereon, does not lose
his lien by reason only that he has obtained judgment or decree for the
price of the goods.
Stoppage in Transitu.
Sbc. 48. — [SeUer May Stop Goods on Buyer's Insolvency.] Subject to
the provisions of this act, when the buyer of goods is or becomes in-
solvent, the unpaid seller who has parted with the possession of the goods
has the right of stopping them in transitu; that is to say, he may resuzne
possession of the goods at any time while they are in transit, and he wiU
then become entitled to the same rights in regard to the goods as he
would have had if he had never parted with the possession.
Sec. AQ.--[When Goods Are in Transit.] (1) Goods are in transit
within the meaning of Section 48^
COMKEECE, TEADB AND CO^KEBCIAL I«AW. 309
(a) From the time when they are delivered to a carrier by land or
water, or to any other bailee, for the purpose of transmission to the
buyer, until the buyer, or his agent in that behalf, takes delivery of them
from such carrier or other bailee;
(b) If the goods are rejected by the buyer, and the carrier or other
bailee continues in possession of them, even if the seller has refused to
receive them back.
(2) Goods are no longer in transit within the meaning of Section 48 —
(a) If the buyer, or his agent in that behalf, obtains deliveiy of the
goods at or before their arrival at the appointed destination ;
(b) If, after the arrival of the goods at the appointed destination, the
carrier or other bailee acknowledges to the buyer or his agent that he
holds the goods on his behalf and continues in possession of them as
bailee for the buyer or his agent; and it is immaterial that a further
destination for the goods may have been indicated by the buyer;
(c) If the carrier or other bailee wrongfully refuses to deliver the
goods to the buyer or his agent in that behalf.
(3) If goods are delivered to a ship chartered by the buyer, it is a
question depending on the circumstances of the particular case, whether
diey are in the possession of the master as a carrier or as agent of the
buyer.
(4) If part delivery of the goods has been made to the buyer, or his
agent in that behalf, the remainder of the goods may be stopped in
transitu, unless such part delivery has been made under such circum-
stances as to show an agreement with the buyer to give up possession
of the whole of the goods.
Sbc. 60. — [Ways of Exercising the Right to 8top,1 (1) The unpaid
seller may exercise his righH of stoppage in transitu either by obtaining
actual possession of the goods or by giving notice of his claim to the
carrier or other bailee in whose possession the goods are. Such notice
may be |[iven either to the person in actual possession of the goods or to
his principal. In the latter case the notice, to be effectual, miist be given
at such time and under such circumstances that tiie principal, by the
exercise of reasonable diligence, may prevent a delivery to the Duyer.
(2) When notice of stoppage in transitu is given by the seller to the
carrier, or other bailee in possession of the goods, he must redeliver the
goods to, or according to the directions of, the seller. The expenses of
such redelivery must be borne by the seller. If, however, a negotiable
document of title representing the goods has been issued oy the carrier
or other bailee, he shall not be obliged to deliver or justified in deliver-
ing the goods to the seller unless such document is first surrendered for
cancellation.
Resale by the Seller,
Sec. 51.— [When and How Resale May he Made.^ (1) Where the
goods are of a perishable nature, or where the seller expressly reserves
the right of resale in case the buyer should make default, or where the
buyer has repudiated the contract to sell or sale, or has been in default
in the payment of the price an unreasonable time, an unpaid seller
having a right of lien or having stopped the goods in transitu may resell
the goods. He shall not thereafter be liable to the original buyer upon
the contract to sell or the sale or for any profit made by such resale, but
may recover from the buyer damages for any loss occasioned by the
breach of the contract or the sale.
(2) Where a resale is made, as authorized in this section, the buyer
thereunder acquires a good title as against the original buyer.
(3) It is not essential to the validity of a resale that notice of an inten-
tion to resell the goods be given by the seller to the original buyer. But
310 BEPORT OP COMMITTEE ON
where the right to resell is not based on the perishable nature of the
goods or upon an express i}rovision of the contract or the sale, the giving
or failure to give such notice shall be relevant in any issue involving the
question whether the buyer had been in default an unreasonable time
before the resale was made.
(4) It is not essential to the validity of a resale that notice of the time
and place of such resale should be given by the seller to the original
buyer.
(5) The seller is bound to exercise reasonable care and judgment in
making a resale, and subject to this requirement may make a resale either
by public or private sale.
Rescission by the Seller.
Sec. 61. —[When and How the Seller May Rescind the Sale J] (1) An
unpaid seller having a right of lien or having stopped the goods in
transitu, may rescind the transfer of title and resume the property in the
goods, where he expressly reserved the right to do so in case the buyer
&ould make default, or where the buyer has been in default in the pay-
ment of the price an unreasonable time. The seller shall not thereafter
be liable to the buyer upon the contract to sell or the sale, but may
recover from the buyer damages for any loss occasioned by the breach
of the contract or the sale.
(2) The transfer of title shall not be held to have been rescinded by an
unpaid seller until he has manifested by notice to the buyer or by some
other overt act an intention to rescind. It is not necessaiy that such
overt act should be communicated to the buyer, biit the giving or failure
to give notice to the buyer of the intentioikto rescind suall be relevant
in any issue involving the Question whether the buyer had been in
default an unreasonable time before the right of rescission was asserted.
Sec. 62.-^[Effect of Sale of Goods Subject to Lien or Stopp<ige in
Transitu.] Subject to the provisions of this act, the unpaid seller's risht
of lien or stoppage in transitu is not affected by any sale, or other ais-
position of the goods which the buyer may have made, unless the seller
has assented thereto.
If, however, a negotiable document of title has been issued for goods,
no seller's lien or right of stoppage in transitu shall defeat the right of
any purchaser for value in good faith to whom such document has been
negotiated, whether such negotiation be prior or subsequent to the
notification to the carrier or other bailee who issued such document, of
the seller's claim to a lien or right of stoppage in transitu,
PART V.
Actions fob Bbkach or thb Ck>NTBACT.
Remedies of the Seller,
Sec. 53. — [Action for the Price.] (1) Where, under a contract to sell
or a sale, the property in the goods has passed to the buyer, and the
buyer wrongfully neglects or refuses to pay for the goods according to
the terms of the contract or the sale, the seller may maintain an action
against him for the price of the goods.
(2) Where the seller has retained the property in the goods merely for
securing payment of the price, he may, after offerinj; to the buyer to
.surrender such property interest on condition of receiving the price in
accordance with the terms of the contract, maintain an action for the
price of the goods.
(3) Where, imder a contract to sell or a sale, the price is payable on a
day certain, irrespective of delivery or of transfer of title, and the buyer
GOMMiERCBy TBADE AND GOHISEBCIAL LAW. 311
wrongfully neglects or refuses to pay such price, the seller may maintain
an action for the price, although the property in the goods has not
passed, and the goods have not been appropriated to the contract. But
it shall be a defense to such an action that the seller at any time before
judgment in such action has manifested an inability to perform the con-
tract or the sale on his part or an intention not to perform it.
(4) Although the property in the goods has not passed, if they cannot
readily be resold for a reasonable price, and if the provisions of Section
54 (4) are not applicable, the seller may offer to deliver the goods to the
buyer, and, if the buyer refuses to receive them, may notity the buyer
that the goods are thereafter held by the seller as bailee for the buyer.
Thereafter the seller may treat the goods as the buyer's and may main-
tain an action for the price.
Etac. 64. — [Action for Damages for Non-Acceptance of the Goods.]
(1) Where the buyer wrongfully n^lects or refuses to accept and 'pay
for the goods, the seller may maintain an action against him for damages
for non-acceptance.
(2) The measure of damages is the estimated loss directly and natur-
ally resulting, in the ordinary course of events, from the buyer's breach
of contract.
(3) Where there is an available market for the goods in question, the
measure of damages is, in the absence of special circumstances showing
proximate damage of a different amount, the difference between the con-
tract price and the market or current price at the time or times when the
goods ought to have been accepted, or, if no time was fixed for accep-
tance, then at the time of the refusal to accept.
(4) If, while labor or expeiise of material amount is neoessaiy on the
part of the seller to enable bim to fulfill his obligations under the ccm-
tract to sell or the sale, the buyer repudiates the contract or the sale, or
notifies the seller to proceed no further therewith, the buyer diall be
liable to the seller for no greater damages than the seller would have
suffered if he did nothing towards carrying out the contract or the sale
after receiving notice of the buyer's repuoiation or countermand. The
profit the seller would have made if the contract or the sale had been fully
performed shall be considered in estimating such damages.
8bg. 65. — [When Seller May Rescind Contract or Sale,} Where the
goods have not been delivered to the buyer, and the huy&r has repudiated
the contract to sell or sale, or has manifested his inabiuty to penorm his
obligations thereunder, or has conmiitted a material breach thereof, the
seller may totally rescind the contract or the sale by giving notice of his
election so to do to the buyer. If the seller elects this course rather than
that provided for in the preceding section, he can maintain no action
against the buyer, for his failure to accept the goods.
Remedies of the Buyer.
Sbc. 66. — [Action for Converting or Detaining Goods,] Where the
property in the goods has passed to the buver and the seller wrongfully
neglects or refuses to deliver the goods, the buyer may maintain any
action allowed by law to the owner of goods of similar kind when wrong-
fully converted or withheld.
Sbc. b7,— [Action for FaHing to Deliver Goods.} (1) Where the
property in iLe goods has not paas^ to the buyer, and the seller wron^
lulb^ neglects or refuses to deliver the goods, the buyer msiy maintam
an action against the seller for damages for non-delivery.
(2) The measure of damages is the loss directly and naturally resulting
in the ordinary course of events, from the seller's breach of contract.
(3) Where there is an available market for the goods in question, the
measure of damages, in the absence of special circumstances showing
V
312 BEPORT OP COMMITTEE ON
proximate damages of a different amount, is the difference between the
contract price and the market or current price of the goods at the time
or times when they ought to have been dehvered, or, if no time was fixed,
then at the time of the refusal to deliver.
Sec. 58.— [Specific PerformanceJ] Where the seller has broken a con-
tract to deliver specific or ascertained goods, a court having the powers
of a court of equity may, if it thinks fit, on the application of the buyer,
by its judgment or decree direct that the contract shall be performed
specifically, without giving the seller the option of retaining the goods on
payment of damages. The judgment or decree may be unconditional,
or upon such terms and conditions as to damages, payment of the price
and otherwise, as to the court may seem just.
Sbc. 59,— [Remedies for Breach of Warranty.l (1) Where there is a
breach of warranty, by the seller, the buyer may, at his election —
(a) Accept or keep the goods and set up against the seller, the breach
of warranty by way of recoupment in diminution or extinction of the
price ;
(b) Accept or keep the goods and maintain an action against the seller
for damages for the breach of warranty;
(c) Refuse to accept the goods, if the property therein has not passed,
and maintain an action against the seller for damages for the breach of
warranty ;
(d) Rescind the contract to sell or the sale and refuse to receive the
goods, or if the goods have already been received, return them or offer to
return them to the seller, and recover the price or any part thereof which
has been paid.
(2) When the buyer has claimed and been sranted a remedy in any
one of these ways, no other remedy can thereafter be granted.
(3) Where the goods have been delivered to the buyer, he cannot
rescind the sale if he knew of the breach of warranty when he accepted
the goods, or if he fails to notify the seller within a reasonable time of
the election to rescind, or if he fails to return or to offer to return the
goods to the seller in substantially as good condition as they were in at
the time the property was transferred to the buyer. But if deterioration
or injury of the goods is due to the breach of warranty, such deterioration
or injury shall not prevent the buyer from returning or offering to return
the goods to the seller and rescincQng the sale.
(4) Where the buyer is entitled to rescind the sale and elects to do so,
the buyer shall cease to be liable for the price upon returning or offering
to return the goods. If the price or any part thereof has luready been
paid, the seller shall be ^able to repay so much thereof as has been paid,
concurrently with the return of the goods, or immediately after an offer
to return the goods in exchange for repayment of the price.
(5) Where die buyer is entitled to rescind the sale and elects to do so,
if the seller refuses to accept an offer of the buyer to return the goods,
the buyer shall thereafter be deemed to hold the goods as bailee for the
seller, but subject to a lien to secure the repa3rment of any portion of
the price which has been paid, and with the remedies for the enforcement
of such lien allowed to an unpaid seller by Section 44.
(0) The measure of damages for breach of warranty is the loss directly
and naturally resulting, in the ordinary course of events, from the breach
of warranty.
(7) In the case of breach of warranty of quality, such loss, in the
absence of special circumstances showing proximate damage of a different
amount, is the difference between the value of the goods at the time of
delivery to the buyer and the value they would have had if they had
answered to the warrant/.
COMKERGE> TRADE AND COMMERCIAL LAW. 313
Sbc. 60. — [Interest and Special DamagesJl Nothing in this act shall
affect the right of the buyer or the seller to recover intereet or special
damages in any case where by law interest or special damages may be
recoverable, or to recover money paid where the consideration for the
payment of it has failed.
PART VI.
Intebfbbtation.
Sec. 61.-— [Variaa'on of Implied Obligations.! Where any right, duty
or liability would arise under a contract to sell or a sale by implication
of law, it may be negatived or varied by express agreement or by the
course of d^iiing between the parties, or by custom, if the custom be
such as to bind both parties to the contract or the sale.
Sbc. ii2.-^lRights May be Enforced by Actton."] Where any right,
duty or liability is declared by this act, it may, unless otherwise by this
act provided, be enforced by action.
Sbc. eZ.-^lRule for Cases Not Provided for by this Act.l In apy case
not provided for in this act, the rules of law and equity, including the
law merchant, and in particular the rules relating to the law of principal
and agent and to the effect of fraud, misrepresentation, duress or coercion,
mistake, bankruptcy, or other invalidating cause, shall continue to apply
to contracts to sell and to sales of goods.
Sbc. 64. — [Interpretation Shall Give Effect to Purpose of Unity,'] This
act shall be so interpreted and construed as to effectuate its general
purpose to unify the law of sales and contracts to sell in commerce
among the states and with foreign nations.
Sec. 65.— [ProvmoTW Not Applicable to Mortgages,1 The provisions
of this act relating to contracts to sell and to sales do not apply, unless
so stated, to any transaction in the form of a contract to sell or a sale
which is intended to operate by way of mortgage, pledge, charge, or other
security.
Sec. e6.— [Definitions.'} (1) In this act unless the context or subject
matter otherwise requires —
" Action " includes counterclaim, set-off and suit in equity.
"Buyer" means a person who buys or agrees to buy goods or any
legal successor in interest o^such person.
"Defendant'' includes a plaintiff against whom a right of set-off or
counterclaim is asserted.
"Delivery" means voluntary transfer of possession from one person
to another.
" Divisible contract to sell or sale " means a contract to sell or a "sale
in which by its terms the price for a portion or portions of the goods less
than the whole is fixed or ascertainable by computation.
" Document of title to goods " includes any bill of lading, dock warrant,
warehouse receipt or order for the delivery of ^oods, or any other docu-
ment used in the ordinary course of business m the sale or transfer of
goods, as proof of the possession or control of the goods, or authorizing or
purporting to authorize the possessor of the document to trfmsfer or
receive, either by indorsement, or by delivery, goods represented by
such document.
A document of title in which it is stated that the goods referred to
therein will be delivered by a bailee stated to be in possession of them to
the bearer, or to the order of any person named in such document is a
negotiable document of title.
" Fault " means wrongful act or default.
314 REPORT OP COMMITTEE ON
" Fungible goods " means gcx>ds of which any unit is from its nature
or by mercantile usage treated as the equivalent of any other unit.
" Future goods " means goods to be manufactured or acquired by the
seller after the making of the contract of sale.
" Goods " include all chattels personal other than things in action and
money. The term includes emblements, industrial erowing crops, and
things attached to or forming part of the land which are agreea to be
severed before sale or under the contract of sale.
** Order '' in sections of this act relatihg to documents of title means
an order by indorsement on the document.
'' Person " includes a corporation or partnership or two or more persons
having a joint or common interest.
" Plaintiff " includes defendant asserting a right of set-off or counter-
claim.
" Property " means the general property in goods, and not merely a
special property.
" Purchaser " includes mortgagee and pledgee.
'' Purchases " includes taking as a mortgagee or as a pledgee.
" Quality of goods " includes their state or condition.
'' Sale " includes a bargain and sale as well as a sale and delivery.
*' Seller " means a person who sells or agrees to sell goods, or any legal
successor in interest of such person.
'' Specific goods " means goods identified and agreed upon at the time
a contract to sell or sale is made.
''State " includes any territory, district, insular possession, or isthmian
possession.
" Value " is any consideration suj£cient to support a simple contract.
An antecedent or pre-existing claim, whether for money or not, consti-
tutes value where goods or documents of titles are taken either in satis-
faction thereof or as security therefor.
(2) A thing is done " in good faith " within the meaning of this act
when it is in fact done honestly, whether it is done neghgently or not.
(3) A person is insolvent within the meaning of this act who either
has ceased to pay his debts in the ordinary course of business or cannot
pay his debts as th^ become due, whether he has committed an act of
bankruptcy or not, and whether he is insolvent within the meaning of
the federal bankruptcy law or not.
(4) Goods are in a " deliverable state " wi/iiin the meanins of this act
when they are in such a state that the buyer would, under me contract,
be bound to take delivery of them.
Sbo. 67. — [Act Not Applicable to Antecedent Transactions. 1 The pro-
visions of this act do not apply to sales or contracts to sell entered mto
or based on offers made prior to the date when this act takes effect.
Sec. 68. — [// Parts of Act are Unconstitutional, Other Parts Stand.]
The provisions and each part thereof and the sections and each part
thereof of this act are independent and several, and the declaring of any
provision or part thereof or provisions or part thereof, or section or part
thereof or sections or part thereof, unconstitutional, ^all not impair or
render unconstitutional any other provision or part thereof or section or
part thereof.
Sbc. 69. — [Inconsistent Legislation Repealed."] All acts or parts of acts
inconsistent with this act are hereby repealed.
Sbsc. 70.— [Time When the Act Takes Effect.] This act shall take effect
on the first day of January next after its passage.
Sbc. 71. — [Name of Act.] This act may be cited as the Federal Sales
Act.
COMMERCE, TRADE AND COMMERCIAL LAW. 315
APPENDIX B,
REVISED DRAFT OP UNITED STATES
ARBITRATION ACT
As APPROYEa) BY THE COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, TrADE AND
Commercial Law, American Bar
Association (1922)
A BILL
To MaKB VaUD and EnFORGBABLB WbITTBN PbOVISIONS OB AOBBBMBNTS
FOB Abbitration OF DiapuTsa Abising Ottt of Contbacts, Mabitimb
TbANBACTIONB OB CoMMERCB AmONQ THB StATBS OB T&BBTrOBIBS OB
WITH FOBBIQN NATIONS.
Be U enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled:
Section 1. " Maritime transactions/' as herein defined means charter
parties, bills of lading of water carriers, agreements relating to wharfage,
supph'es furnished vessels or repairs to vessels, seamen's wages, collisions,
or any other matters in foreign or interstate commerce whidi, if the sub-
ject of controversy, would be embrac«i within admiralty jurisdiction;
commerce" as herein defined means commerce among tiie several
states or with foreign nations, or in any territory of the United States
or in the District of Columbia, or between any such territory and
another, or between any such territory and any state or foreign nation,
or between the District of Columbia and any state or territory or
foreign nation.
Sbc. 2. A written provision in any contract or maritime transaction or
transaction involving commerce to settle by arbitration a controversy
thereafter arising between the parties out of such contract or transaction
or the refusal to perform the whole or any part thereof or an agreement
in writing to submit to arbitration an existing controversy arising out of
such a contract, transaction or refusal shall be valid, enforceable and
irrevocable, save upon such grounds as exist at law or in equity for the
revocation of any contract.
Sbc. 3. If any suit or proceeding be brought in any of the courts of
the United States upon $ny issue referable to arbitration under an
agreement in writing, the court in which such suit is pending, upon being
satisfied that the issue involved in such suit or proceeding is referable
to arbitration under such an agreement, shall stay the trial of the action
until such arbitration has been had in accordance with the terms of the
agreement providing tiie applicant for the stay is not in default in pro-
ceeding vntn such arbitration.
Sec. 4. A party aggrieved by the failure, neglect or refusal of another
to perform under an agreement for arbitration which is in writing may
petition any court of the United States which, save for such afip-eement,
would have jurisdiction under the Judicial Code at law, in equity or in
admiralty of the subject matter of a suit arising out of the controverQr
between the parties, for an order directing that such arbitration proceed
in the manner provided for in such agreement. Five days' notice in
writing of such application shall be served upon the party in default.
Service thereof shall be made in the nianner provided by law for the
service of summary process in the jurisdiction in which the proceeding is
brought. The court shall hear the parties, and upon being satisfied that
316 REPORT OP COMMITTEE ON ^
the making of the agreement for arbitration or the failure to comply
therewith is not in issue, the court shall make an order directing the
parties to proceed to arbitration in accordance with the terms of the
agreement. If the making of the agreement or the default be in issue,
the court shall proceed summarilv to the trial thereof. If no jury trial
be demanded by the party in default, or if the matter in dispute is
within admiralty jurisdiction, the court shall hear and determine such
issue. Where such an issue is raised, the party alleged to be in default
may, except in cases of admiralty^ on or before the return day of the
notice of application, demand a jury trial of such issue, and if such
demand be made, the court shall make an order referring the issue or
issues to a jury in the manner provided by law for referring to a jury
issues in an equity action or may specially call a jury for that purpose.
If the jury find that no ag[reement in writing for arbitration was made
or that there is no default m proceeding thereunder the proceeding shall
be dismissed. If the jury find that an agreement for arbitration was
made in writing and that there is a default in proceeding thereunder, the
court shall make an order summarily directing the parties to proceed
with the arbitration in accordance with the terms thereof.
Sec. 5. If in the agreement provision be made for a method of naming
or appointing an arbitrator or arbitrators or an iuni)ire, such method
shall be followed ; but if no method be provided therein, or if a method
be provided and any party thereto shall fail to avail himself of such
metnod, or for any other reason there shall be a lapse in the naming of
an arbitrator or arbitrators or umpire, or in filhng a vacancy, theki,
upon application by either party to the controversy, the court shall
designate and appoint an arbitrator or arbitrators or umpire, as the case
may require, wno shall act under the said agreement with the same
force and effect as if he or they had been specifically named therein ; and
imlesB otherwise provided the arbitration shall be by a single arbitrator.
Sec. 6. Any application to the court hereunder shall be made and
heard in the manner provided b^ law for the making and hearing of
motions, except as otherwise herein expressly provided.
Sec. 7. The arbitrators selected either as prescribed in this act or
otherwise, or a majority of them, may summon in writing any person
to attend before them or any of them as a witness and in a proper case
to bring with him or them a book or paper. The fees for such atten-
dance shall be the same as the fees of witnesses before masters of tiie
United States courts. Said summons shall isBue in the name of the
arbitrator or arbitrators, or a majority of them, and shall be signed by
the arbitrators, or a majority of them, and shall be directed to the said
person and shall be served in the same manner as subpoenas to testify
oefore the coiul; ; if any person or persons so summoned to testify shall
refuse or neglect to obey said summons, upon petition the United States
Court in and for the district in which such arbitrators, or a majority
of them, are sitting may compel the attendance of such person or persons
before said arbitrator or arbitrators, or punish said person or persons for
contempt in the same manner now provided for the attendance of wit-
nesses or the punishment of them in the courts of the United States.
Sec. 8. If the basis of jurisdiction be diversity of citizenship between
citizens of several states or one of the parties be a foreign state, citiien
or subject, the district court or courts which would have jurisdiction if
the matter in controvert exceeded, exclusive of interest and costs, the
sum or value of three thousand dollars, shall have jurisdiction to pro-
ceed hereunder notwithstanding the amount in controvert is unascer-
tained or is to be determined by arbitration.
Sec. 9. If the baais of jurisdiction be a cause of action otherwise
justiciable in admiralty, then, notwithstanding anything herein to the
COMMERCE, TBADB. AND COMMERCIAL LAW. 317
contraiy, the party claiming to be aggrieved may begin his proceeding
hereunder by libel and seizure of the vessel or other property of the
other party according to the usual course of admiralty proceedings,
and the court shall then have jurisdiction to direct the parties to
proceed with the arbitration and shall retain jurisdiction to enter its
decree upon the award.
Sbo. 10. If the parties in their agreement have agreed that a
judgment of the court shall be entered upon the award made pursuant to
the arbitration, and shall specify the court, then at any time within one
year after the award is made, which award must be in writing and
acknowledged or proved in like manner as a deed for the conveyance
of real estate, and delivered to one of the parties or his attorney, any
party to the arbitration may apply to the court so specified for an
order confirming the award and thereupon the court must grant such an
order, unless the award is vacated, modfied or corrected as prescribed in
the next two sections. If no court is specified in the agreement of the
parties, then such application may be made to the United States court
m and for the district within which such award was made. Notice of
the motion must be served upon the adverse party or his attorney as
prescribed by law for service of notice of motion in an action in the same
court.
Sec. 11. In either of the following cases, the United States court in
and for the district wherein the award was made may make an order
Vacating the award, upon the application of any party to the arbitration:
(a) Where the award was procured by corruption, fraud or undue
means.
(b) Where there was evident partiality or corruption in the arbitrators,
or either of them.
(c) Where the arbitrators were guilty of misconduct, in refusing to
postpone the hearing, upon sufficient cause shown, or in refusing to hear
evidence, pertinent ana material to the controversy; or of any other
misbehavior, by which the rights of any party have been prejudiced.
(d) Where the arbitrators exceeded their powers, or so imperfectly
executed them, that a mutual, final, and definite award, iipon the subject
matter submitted, was not made.
Where an award is vacated and the time, within which the agreement
required the award to be made, has not expired, the court may in its
discretion direct a rehearing by the arbitrators.
Sec. 12. In either of the following cases* the United States Comt in
and for the district wherein the award was made may make an order
modifying or correcting the award, upon the application of any party
to the arbitration:
(a) Where there was an evident miscalculation of figures, or an
evident mistake in the description of any person, thing or property,
referred to in the award.
(b) Where the arbitrators have awarded upon a matter not submitted
to them, unless it is a matter not affecting the merits of the decision
upon the matters submitted.
(c) Where the award is imperfect in a matter of form, not affecting
the merits of the controvert.
The order may modify and correct the award, so a3 to effect the
intent thereof, and promote justice between the parties.
Sec. 13. Notice of a motion to vacate, modify or correct an award,
must be served upon the adverse party or his attorney, within three
months after the award is filed or delivered as prescribed by law for
service of notice of a motion in an action. For the purposes of the motion
any judge who might make an order to stay the proceedings, in an action
brought in the same court, may make an order to be served with the
318 REPORT OF COM^CITTBE ON
notice of motion, staying the proceedings of the advene party to enforce
the award.
Sec. 14. Upon the granting of an order, confirming, modifying or
correcting an award, judgment may be entered in conformity therewith
but no exceptions shall oe taken, but an appeal may be taken from
such order or judgment as hereinafter set forth.
Sec. 15. The party moving for an order confirming, modifying or cor-
recting an award shall, at the time such order is filed with the clerk for
the entry of judgment thereon, also file the following papers with the
clerk:
(a) The agreement; the selection, or appointment, if any, of an
additional arbitrator, or umpire ; and each written extension of the time,
if any, within which to make the award.
(b) The award.
(c) Each notice, affidavit or other paper, used upon an application to
confirm, modify, or correct the award, and a copy of each order of the
court, upon such an application.
The judgment may be docketed, as if, it was rendered in an action.
Sec. 16. The judgment so entered has the same force and effect, in
all respects, as, and is subject to all the provisions of law relating to
a judgment in an action; and it may be enforced, as if it had been
rendered in an action in the court in which it is entered.
Sec. 17. An appeal may be taken from an order vacating an award, or
from a judgment entered upon an award, as from an order or judgment
in an action.
Sec. 18. This act may be referred to as " The United States Arbitra-
tion Act."
Sec. 19. All acts and parts of acts inconsistent with this act are hereby
repealed, and this act shall take e£fect on and after the first day of
January next after its enactment ; but shall not apply to contracts made
prior to the taking e£fect of this act.
APPENDIX C.
PROPOSED UNIFORM ACT FOR COMMERCIAL
ARBITRATION
As Approved by thb Committee on Commerce^ Trade and
Commercial Law of the American Bar
aj3s00iati0n (1922)
AN ACT
Concerning Arbitration and Awards.
Be it enacted by the Senate and General Assembly of the Statg of
1. A provision in a written contract to settle by arbitration a con-
troversy thereafter arising out of the contract or the refusal to per-
form the whole or any part thereof or an agreement in writing to sub-
mit an existing controvert^ to arbitration pursuant to section two
hereof^ shall be valid, enforceable and irrevocable, save upon such
grounds as exist at law or in equity for the revocation of any contract.
2. Save in the case of an infant, or a person incompetent to manage
his affairs, two or more persons may agree in writing to submit, to the
OOMMEROE, TBADB AND GOMKBBCIAL LAW. 319
arbitration of one or more arbitrators, any controversy existing between
them at. the time of the agreement to submit which arises out of a
contract, or the refusal to perform the whole or any part thereof, or
the violation of any other obligation. They ma^ also so agree that a
judgment of a court of record, specified in the wnting, shall be rendered
upon the award, made pursuant to the submission. If the court is thus
specified, th^y may also specify the county in which the judgment shall
be entered. If the writing does not specify the county, the judgment
may be entered in any county.
3. A party aggrieved by the failure, neglect or refusal of another to
perform under an agreement in writing providing for arbitration, may
petition the Court, for an order directing that such arbitra-
tion proceed in the manner provided for in such agreement. Five days'
notice in writing of such application shall be served upon the party in
default. Service thereof shall be made in the manner provided by law
for service of a summons. The court shall hear tne parties, and
upon being satisfied that the making of the agreement or the failure
to comply therewith is not in issue, the court hearing such application,
shall make an order directing the parties to proceed to arbitration in
accordance with the terms of the agreement. If the making of the
agreement or the default be in issue, the court, or the justice thereof,
shall proceed summarily to the trial thereof. If no jury trial be
demanded by the party in default the court shall hear and determine
such issue. Where such an issue is raised, the party alleged to be in
default ma:^, on or before the return day of the notice of application,
demand a jury trial of such issue, and if such demand be made, the
court shall niake an order referring the issue or issues to a jury
in the manner provided by law for referring to a jury issues in an
equity action, or may specially call a jui^ for that purpose. If the jury
find that no a^eement in writing providing for arbitration was made
or that there is no default in proceeding thereunder, the proceeding
shall be dismissed. If the jury find that a written provision for arbitra-
tion was made and that there is a default in proceeding thereunder, the
court shall make an order summarily directing the parties to proceed
with the arbitration in accordance with the terms thereof.
4. If, in the agreement, provision be made for a method of naming
or appointing an arbitrator or arbitrators or an umpire, sudi method
shall be followed, but if no method be provided therein, or if a method
be provided and any party thereto shall fail to avail himself of such
method, or for any other reason there shall be a lapse in the naming of
an arbitrator or arbitrators or umpire, or in filling a vacancy, then,
upon application by either party to the controversy, the
Court shall designate and appoint an arbitrator or arbitrators, or umpire,
as the case may require, who shall act under the said agreement with
the same force and effect as if he or they had been specifically named
therein; and unless otherwise provided, the arbitration shall be by a
single arbitrator.
5. If any suit or proceeding be brought upon any issue referable to
arbitration under an agreement in writing; the Court, upon
being satisfied that the issue involved in such suit or proceeding is
referable to arbitration under such an agreement in writing, shall stay the
trial of the action until such arbitration has been had in accordance
with the terms of the agreement; provided the applicant for the stay is
not in default in proceeding with such arbitration.
6. Any application to the court hereunder shall be made and heard
in a summary way in the manner provided by law for the making and
hearing of motions, except as otherwise herein expressly provided.
11
320 REPORT OF OOMMITTBB ON •
7. The arbitrators selected either as prescribed in this act, or other-
wise, or a majority of them, may summon in writing any person to
attend before them or any of them as a witness and in a proper case to
bring with him or them a book or paper. The fees for such attendance
shall be the same as the fees of witnesses before auditors or masters in
this state. Said summons shall issue in the name of the arbitrator or
arbitrators, or a majority of them, and shall be signed by the arbitrators,
or a majority of them, and shall be directed to the said person and shall
be served in the same manner as subpoenas to testify before a court of
record of this state; if anv person or persons so summoned to testify
shall refuse or neglect to obey said summons upon petition the Supreme
Coiuli may compel the attendance of such person or persons before said
arbitrator or arbitrators, or punish said person or persons for contempt
in the same manner now provided for the attendance of witnesses or the
punishment of them in the Court of ,this state.
8. At any time within one year after the award is made, which award
must be in writing and acknowledged or proved in like manner as a deed
for the conveyance of real estate, and delivered to one of the parties
or his attorney, any party to the arbitration may apply to the court,
specified in the agreement, for an order confirming the award; and
tnereupon the court must grant such an order, unless the award is
vacated, modified, or corrected, as prescribed in the next two sections.
Notice of the motion must be served upon the adverse party, or his
attomery, as prescribed by law for service of notice of a motion in an
action m the same court.
0. In either of the following cases, the court may make an order
vacating the award, upon the application of any party to the arbitration :
(a) Where the award was procured by corruption, fraud or undue
means.
(b) Where there was evident partiality or corruption in the arbi-
trators, or either of them.
(c) Where the arbitrators were guilty of misconduct, in refusing to
postpone the hearing, upon sufiicient cause shown, or in refusing to hear
evidence, pertinent ancf material to the controversy; or of any other
misbehavior, by which the rights of any party have been prejudiced.
(d) Where the arbitrators exceeded tneir powers, or so imperfectly
executed them, that a mutual, final, and definite award, upon the subject
matter submitted, was not made.
Where an award is vacated and the time, within which the agreement
required the award to be made, has not expired, the court may in its
discretion direct a rehearing by the arbitrators.
10. In either of the following cases, the court may make an order
modifying or correcting the award, upon the application of any party
to the aroitration :
(a) Where there was an evident miscalculation of figures, or an evident
mistake in the description of any person, thing or property, referred
to in the award.
(b) Where the arbitrators have awarded upon a matter not sub-
mitted to them, unless it is a matter not affecting the merits of the
decision upon the matters submitted.
(c) Where the award is imperfect in a matter of form, not affecting
the merits of the controversy.
The order may modify and correct the award, so as to effect the intent
thereof, and promote justice between the parties.
11. Notice of a motion to vacate, modify or correct an award, must
be served upon the adverse party or his attorney, within three months
after the award is filed or delivered as prescribed by law for service of
notice of a motion in an action. For the purposes of the motion any
COMMEROB, TRADE AND OOKICEROIAL LAW. 321
judge who might make an order to stay the proceediDgs, in an action
brought in the same court, may make an order to be served with the
notice of motion, staying the proceedings of the adverse party to enforce
the award.
12. Upon the granting of an order, confirming, modifying or correcting
an award, judgment may be entered in conformity therewith, but no
exceptions shall be taken, but an appeal may be taken from such order or
judgment as hereinafter set forth.
13. The party moving for an order confirming, modifying or correct-
ing an award shall at the time such order is filed with liie clerk for the
entry of judgment thereon, also file the following papers with the clerk :
(a) The agreement; the selection or appointment, if any, of an
additional arbitrator, or umpire; and each written extension of ^e
time, if any, within which to make the award.
(b) The award.
(c) Each notice, affidavit or other paper, used upon an application to
confirm, modify, or correct the award, and a copy of each order of the
court, upon such an application.
The judgment may be docketed, as if it was rendered in an action.
14. The judgment so entered has the same force and effect, in all
respects, as, and is subject to all the provisions of law relating to, a
judgment in an action; and it may be enforced, as if it had been
rendered in an action in the court in which it is entered.
15. An appeal may be taken from an order vacating an award, or
from a judgment entered upon an award, as from an order or judgment
in an action.
16. This act may be cited as " The State Arbitration Act."
17. All acts and parts of acts inconsistent with this act are hereby
repealed, and this act shall take effect on and after the first day of
July next after its enactment; but shall not apply to contracts made
prior to the taking effect of this act.
APPENDIX D.
REVISED DRAFT OF TREATY FOR COMMERCIAL
ARBITRATION
As Afprovbd by Committeb on Commerce, Trade and.
C0MME901AL Law of the American Bar
Association (1922)
The government of the United States of America and the govern-
ment of being desirous of facilitating com-
merce and trade between the two nations by validating and making
enforceable agreements for arbitration of commercial disputes between
the citizens or subjects of each of the high contracting parties, have
authorized the undersigned, to wit, Herbert Hoover, Secretary of Com-
merce of the United States, and to conclude
the following agreement:
ARTICLE I.
A provision in a written contract between the citizens, subjects, or
residents of each of the high contracting parties to settle by arbitration a
322 OOMKBRCB, TRADE AND OOMMEROIAL LAW.
controversy thereafter arisinK or an agreement in writing to submit to
arbitration an existing controversy between such citizens, subjects, or
residents shall be valid, enforceable and irrevocable, save only upon such
grounds as exist at law or in equity for the revocation of any contract,
and shall be so treated by the courts of the high contracting parties.
ARTICLE n.
The awards of any referee, board or tribunal of arbitration duly and
regularly made within the territory and possessions of eith^ of the high
contracting parties shall be entitled in all the courts of the other high
contracting party to full faith and credit; and shall not be open to
attack save upon the ground of fraud, bad faith, misbehavior or mis-
conduct on the part of the referee, board or tribunal making the award,
including failure to receive evidence by which the rights of any party to
the arbitration have been seriously prejudiced; and shall not be open to
modification except where there was an evident miscalculation or mis-
take in description in the award.
ARTICLE III.
The high contracting parties will confer suitable jurisdiction upon
their courts, respectively, to furnish adequate and appropriate relief in
the enforcement of arbitration agreements and awards and will estab*
lish appropriate methods and machinery for the performance of such
agreements and the enforcement of such awards.
ARTICLE IV.
The citizens, subjects or residents, of each of the high contracting
parties shall enjoy in the territories and possessions of the other the same
protection as native citizens, subjects, or residents of the nation most
favored in respect of the validity, irrevocability and enforceability of
arbitration agreements, submissions and awards.
ARTICLE V.
The present agreement shall be ratified by the President of the United
States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the 8enate
thereof, and by v • . ^^^ ^* ^^^^ become
effective upon the date of the exchange of ratifications, which shall take
place at Washington as soon as possible.
Done in duplicate in the English and .« languages, at
Washington this day of one thousand nine hundred
and twenty-two.
REPORT
or THB
COMMITTEE ON INTERNATIONAL LAW.
To the American Bar Association:
The members of the Standing . Committee on International
Law recognize that the scope of their report is limited by two
circumstances : firsts that it is a committee of a Bar Association
and that its report should be confined to questions of law;
second, that the Bar Association is an American body and that
the report should therefore deal with questions primarily affect-
ing the United States. It cannot be limited to matters which
exclusively concern our country, for although international
law is an integral part of the law of the United States^ it is
ex vi termini the law between States and only comes into play
in questions affecting States, their citizens or subjects. The
report of your committee must inevitably deal with matters
affecting foreign nations, but only those questions of the past
year will be considered whidi involve the United States. And
of these only the most important will be discussed.
They are in the judgment of your committee four in number :
(1) the election of the judges of the Permanent Court of Inter-
national Justice; (2) the treaties with Germany, Austria and
Hungary ending the war of the United States with those Coun-
tries; (3) the Washington Conference on the Limitation of
Armament; Pacific and Far Eastern Questions; (4) the Wash-
ington Conference on the drawn out dispute between the sister
American Bepublics of Chile and Peru on the ownership of the
provinces of Tacna and Arica. Each of these questions will be
considered — ^the first briefly, the second and third at some
length, the fourth briefly, as our interest in the matter of Tacna
and Arica is that of a neighbor rather than that of a participant.
I. The Permanent Couet of International Justice.
Into the history of this noble institution this report cannot
enter. SuflSce it to say that it owes its origin to a past president
of this Association, the Honorable Elihu Boot, who, as Secretary
of State of the United States, instructed the American delega-
tion to the Second Peace Conference assembled at The Hague
in 1907, to lay before that international gathering, in which
forty-four sovereign States were represented, a proposal to form
(323)
324 REFOBT OF OOMMITTBB ON
an international court of justice modeled upon the Supreme
Court of the United States. The proposal was made by Joseph
H. Ghoate, a past president^ and by another member of uie
Association^ resulting in the adoption of a draft convention
which, with simdry modifications and additions forms the so-
called statute of the present Permanent Court adopted by the
Assembly of the League of Nations on December 13, 1920. The
judges and deputy judges of this august tribunal, respectively
eleven and four in number, were elected by the Council and
Assembly of the League on September 6 and 7, 1921. They met
informally at The Hague on February 15, 1922, elected a pres-
ident, vice-president and registrar, and took up the drafting of
rules of practice and procedure. The court will appropriately
hold its first formal session on June 15th, in the Peace Palace
of' The Hague, the gift of Andrew Carnegie, a citizen of the
United States, for the court is due to American initiative, Amer-
i'can persistence, American ingenuity. And in this court an
American sits, appropriately and of right.
It is not within the scope of this report to describe the meeting
of the Committee of Jurists at The Hague in 1920 which drafted
the project of the International Court containing the method of
appointing the judges prepared by Mr. Root, and a provision
vesting the court with limited but obligatory jurisdiction, within
which State may sue State and, in its absence, duly invited, obtain
judgment upon the facts as proved and the law applicable. The
project wais mutilated by the Coimcil and Assembly by striking
out the articles on jurisdiction, so that its jurisdiction depends
solely on the will of the litigating parties, the resort to the
court is by the agreement of both of the parties, not upon the
initiative of one, as in the case with courts. The method of
selecting the judges was retained and it is due to this method
that the judges have been chosen and the court constituted.
As the judges were elected since the last meeting of the Bar
Association, it is proper to dwell for a moment upon the method
of election.*
The Permanent Court of International Justice shall be composed of
a body of independent judges, elected regardless of their nationality
from amongst persons of high moral character, who possess the qiialifica-
tions required in their respective countries for appointment to the hijshest
judicial offices, or are jurisconsults of recognised competence in mter-
national law. [Article 2.]
The Court shall consist of fifteen members: .eleven judges and four
deputy-judges. The number of judges and deputy-judges may here-
after be increased by the Assembly, upon the proposal of the Council
of the League of Nations, to a total of fifteen judges and six deputy-
judges. [Article 3.]
^ Statute for the Permanent Court of International Justice.
INTKRNATIONAL LAW. 325
The memben of the Court shall be elected by the Aasembly and by
the Council from a list of persona nominated by the national groups in
the Court of Arbitration, m accordance with the following provisions.
.... [Article 4.]
At least three months before the date of the election, the Seoretanr-
General of the League of Nations shall address a written request to tne
Members of the Court of Arbitration .... inviting them to undertake,
within a given time, by national groups, the nomination of persons in a
position to accept the duties of a member of the Court.
No group may nominate more than four persons, not more than two
of whom shall be of their own nationality. In no ease must the num-
ber of candidates nominated be more than double the number of seats
to be filled. [Article 5.]
Before making these nominations, each national group is recom-
mended to consult its Highest Court of Justice, its Le^al Faculties and
Schools of Law, and its National Academies and national sections of
International Academies devoted to the study of law. [Article 6.]
The Secretary-General of the League of Nations shall prepare a list
in alphabetical order of all the persons thus nominated. Save as pro-
vided in Article 12, paragraph 2, these shall be the only penonB eligible
for appointment.
The Secretary-General shall submit this list to the Assembly and to
the Council. [Article 7.]
The Assembly and the Council shall proceed independently of one
another to elect, firstly the judges, then tne deputy-judges. [Article 8.]
At every election, the electors shall bear in mind that not on^ should
all the perB(»8 appointed as members of the Court possess the qualifica-
tions required, but the whole body also should represent the mam forms
of civilization and the principal legal ^stems of the world. [Article 0.]
Those candidates who obtain an absolute majority of votes in tiie
Assembly and in the Council shall be considered as elected.
In the event of more than one national of the same Member o{ the
League being elected by the votes of both the Assembly and the
Council, the eldest of these only dutU be considered as elected.
[Article 10.]
If, after the first meeting held for the purpose of the election, one or
more seats remain to be filled, a second and, if necenaiy, a third meeting
shall take place. [Article 11.]
If, after the third meeting, one or more seats still remain unfilled, a
joint conference consisting of six members, three appointed by the
Assembly, and three by the Council, may be formed, at any time, at
the request of either the Assembly or the Council, for the purpose of
choosing one name for each seat still vacant, to submit to the Assembly
and the Council for their re^ective acceptance.
If the Conference is imanimously agreed upon any person who fulfills
the required conditions, he may be included in its list, even though he
was not included in the list of nominations referred to in Articles 4 and 5,
If the joint conference is satisfied that it wiU not be suciMSsaful in pro-
curing an election, those members of the Court who have already been
appointed shall, within a period to be fixed by the Coundl, proceed to
fill the vacant seats by selection from amongst those candidates who
have obtained votes either in the Assembly or in the CounciL
In the event of an equality of votes amongst the judges, the eldest
judge shall have a casting vote. [Article 12.]
The members of the Court shall be elected for nine years.
Th^r may be re-elected.
3^6 REPORT OP COMMITTEE ON
They shall continue to discharge their duties until their places have
been filled. Though replaced, they shall finii^ any cases which they may
have begun. [Article 13.]
Vacancies which may occur shall be filled by the same method as that
laid down ior the first election. A member of the Court elected to
replace a member whose period of appointment had not expired will
hold the appointment for the remainder of his predecessor's term.
[Article 14.]
Deputy-judges shall be called upon to sit in the order laid down in a
Ust.
This list shall be prepared by the Court and shall have regard firstly
to priority of election and secondly to age. [Article 15.]
The special chambers provided for in Articles 26 and 27 may, with
the consent of the parties to the dispute, sit elsewhere than at The
Hague. [Article 28.]
The council consists of nine members, the representatives of
the large powers five in number (four in fac^ owing to the
refusal of the United States to ratify the Covenant of the
Hieague of Nations), and four members elected annually by the
Assembly. These large powers preponderate in fact if not neces-
sarily in theory. In the Assembly, in which each member of the
league is entitled to equal representation, the small nations pre-
ponderate. The respective interests of the great and small States
are thus sought to be safeguarded; the preponderance of the
small powers in the Assembly being a check upon the abuse of
power by the large powers in the council, and the preponderance
of the large powers in the council being a check upon the abuse
of power by the small States in the Assembly.
T^e proposal of names of persons by the members of the
Permanent Court of Arbitration in each of the countries belong-
ing to the league secures the recommendation or at least the
possibility of such a recommendation of names to the council
and Assembly without the intervention of States in first instance,
reserving the jwlitical intervention of States for the election,
which is and muist be a political act.
In case the council and Assembly should fail to agree a con-
ference committee consisting of an equal number of the council
and Assembly meets to elect, choosing from the list of recom-
mended names, unless the committee imanimously agrees upon
a person not included in the list. If the committee fails to elect,
then the members of the court already chosen select the remain-
ing judge or judges from the list of persons whose names have
been voted upon by the council or Assembly, and in case of a tie
the eldest judge decides.
In one instance, at the first election, the council and Assembly
failed to agree upon a deputy-judge. The Conference Committee
was called into being and selected a third person from among
the list of persons already voted for.
It will be observed that the principle of selection is American,
indeed Mr. Root stated that it was taken from the Federal
INTKBNATIONAL LAW. 327
Canvention of 1787, and the method of selection by the Con-
ference Committee is that of the Senate and Honse of Repre-
sentatives of the United States, agreeing under the pressure of
public opinion.
But there are two further traces of American authorship, one
requiring the principal legal systems of the world to be con-
sidered, so that the court should be an understanding court; the
other permitting the appointment of judge by a party to litiga-
tion which is not represented in the permanent panel of judges,
thus securing and maintaining equality at the very moment of
interest to the parties in litigation.
The elimination of the provisions on jurisdiction has con-
verted the court into a. board of arbitration with a permanent
personnel.
The importance of these provisions justifies their repro-
duction : *
When a dispute has anaen between States, and it has been found im-
possible to settle it by diplomatic means, and no Agreement has. been
made to choose another jurisdiction, the partjyr complaining may bring
the case before the Court. The Court shall, nrst of all, decide whether
the preceding conditions have been complied with; if so, it shall hear
and determine the dispute according to the terms and within jthe limits
of the next Article. [Article 33.]
Between States which are Members of the League of Nations, the
Court shall have jurisdiction (and this without any special convention
giving it jurisdiction) to hear and det rmine cases of a legal nature,
concerning:
(a) The interpretation of a treaty :
(b) Any question of international i iw;
(c) The existence of any fact wh: h, if established, would con-
stitute a breach of an international ol Igation;
(d) The nature or extent of reparation to be made for the breach
of an international obligation;
(e) The interpretation of a sentence passed by the Court.
The Court shall also take cognizance of all disputes of any kind which
may be submitted to it by a general or particular convention between
the parties.
In the event of a dispute as to whether a certain case comes within
any of the categories above mentioned, the matter shall be settled by
the decision of the Court. [Article 34.]
The Court shall, within the limits of its jurisdiction as defined in
Article 34, apply in the following order:
(1) International conventions, whether eeneral or particular, es-
tablishing rules expressly recognized by the oontestii^^ States;
(2) International custom, as evidence of a general practice, which
is accepted as law;
(3) The ^neral principles of law recognized by civilized nations;
(4) Judicial decisions and the teachings of the most highly quaU-
fied publicists of the various natioxis, as subsidiary means for the
determination of rules of law. [Article 35.]
The Project of a Permanent Court of International Justice and Reso-
hUionM of the AdvUcry Committee of Jurists, by James Brown Scott
1020.
328 EEPOBT OP COMMITTBB ON
Whenever one of the parties shall not appear before the Court, or
shall fail to defend his case, the other party may call upon the Court to
decide in favor of his claim.
The Court must, before doing so, satisfy itself, not only that it has
jurisdiction in accordance with Articles 33 and 34, but also that the
claim is supported by substantial evidence and well founded in fact
and law. [Article 52.]
Your cammittee is of opinion that these provisions should be
restored so that a war weary world should have two institutions
— the so-called Permanent Court of Arbitration at The Hague,
in which to compromise their disputes by judges of their own
choice, appointed after the ^controversy has arisen; the Per-
manent Court of International Justice, to decide their disputes
according to known rules of law by judges appointed in advance
of litigation.
Your committee expresses the hope that the United States, one
of whose most illustrious jurists lends weight and dignity to the
court, may find a way to make use of the court and participate
in its labors, which the Government of the United States can do
without becoming party to the League of Nations as such.
Your committee ventures these suggestions without expressing
an opinion in favor of or opposed to the present League of
Nations.
II. Trbatibs of Peace Ending thb Wobld Wab.
The peace treaties raise the question of the treaty-making
power and more especially the branches of the Qovemment of
the Union through which and by which peace may be made. On
one point there is no doubt, the exercise of the treaty making
power is by the Constitution of these United States vested in
the executive branch of the government of the union which alone
possesses the power of negotiation, and in that branch of the legis-
lative department known as the Senate, without whose advice
and consent no treaty or bilateral act having the force of a treaty
can bind the government of the union, the states of the union
and the people of the states in their individual and united
capacity. A treaty of peace therefore is made by the president,
and the concurrence of two-thirds of the senators present in the
Senate at the time of voting.
So much for a treaty. The question arises, and it arose before
and after the last meeting of the Association, whether peace may
be made and war ended by the United States in any other way.
The majority of the House and of the Senate insisted that peace
should be made by a joint resolution of these two bodies, and
passed a joint resolution to that effect, a view which did not find
favor with the late president, who vetoed a joint resolution on
May 27, 1920, intended to repeal the joint resolutions '* declar-
INTERNATIONAL LAW. 329
ing a state of war to exist between the IThited States and Ger-
many^ and between the United States and the Austro-Hxingarian
government, and to declare a state of peace/'
The joint resolution of April 6, 1917, provided "That the
state of war between the United States and the Imperial Ger-
man Government which has thus been thrust upon the United
States is hereby formally declared/'
An armistice was granted to Germany at its request, and was
signed by representatives of the Allied and Associated Powers
on November 11, 1918, stopping hostilities, but not ending the
war.
The late President of the United States and four commis-
sioners attended the Peace Conference of Paris, held in Paris
during the course of 1919, affixed their signatures on June 28,
1919, in the Palais of Versailles to a trealy of peace which was
intended to end the war as soon as three of the principal allied
and associated powers had deposited their ratifications thereof
with the French (Jovemment. This was done on January 10,
1920, and war with Germany ended for each nation upon its
deposit of ratifications. The treaty of Versailles did not meet
with the favor of the Senate of the United States, before which
body it was duly laid by the late President. On two occasions,
the first on November 19, 1920, the second on March 19, 1921,
two-thirds of the senators present failed to concur.
The declaration of a state of war on April 6, 1917, was a
unilateral atet of the United States, and the declaration could be
repealed by a unilateral act of a later date, and as the act was in
this case a joint resolution, it could be repealed as far as the
Government of the United States was concerned by a subsequent
joint resolution. Whether it should be done or not was for the
Congress to determine in first, and the president for the time
being in the second instance. The then president vetoed it as
he had the constitutional right to do.
The joint resolution as a unilateral act could only affect the
United States. It could not have the effect of a treaty, for a
treaty, in whatever form, is an agreement, an act between
two or more nations. The joint resolution would only repeal
the state of war as far as the American (Jovernment was con-
cerned, and Germany would not be affected by any of its pro-
visions. If Germany passed a declaration in identical terms, it
would only be an act of uniform legislation as far as Germany
was concerned. It could be repealed by Germany at any time.
Doubtless it would be wise to include in the repealing resolution
an enumeration of the rights which this country intended to
secure from Germany. This the Congress did. But it was only a
repeal of a joint resolution and only an express declaration of
330 REPOET OF COMMITTEE ON
intent on the part of the United States in regard to rights
against Germany. If Germany had taken similar action, which
it did not, it would only have ended the state of war as far as
Germany was concerned, supposing that there had been an
antecedent declaration or act; and if the German act had in-
cluded the same enumeration of rights claimed by the "United
States, the German Government could have repealed the ad
and claims at any subsequent date. This is of course predicated
on the supposition that Germany was a frefe agent, which it was
not, for its assets have been mortgaged to the Allied and^ Asso-
ciated Powers by the Treaty of Versailles, and any action of
Germany would have to be with the consent of these Powers, in
so far as it was inconsistent with this treaty.
This was apparent to the present president, and his advisers,
for in his first address to the Congress of the United States, in
April 12, 1921, he said :
To establish a state of technical peace without further delay, I should
approve a declaratory resolution of Congress to that effect, with the
qualifications essential to protect all our rights.
He was, however, careful to add that
such a resolution should undertake to do no more than thus declare the
state of peace which all America craves.
That is to say, the proposed joint resolution should repeal the
declaration of the state of war of April 6, 1917, and contain the
rights to be secured from Germany by negotiation.
This the Congress did by a joint resolution terminating the
state of war between the Imperial German Government and the
United States of America, and between the Imperial and Hoyal
Austro-Hungarian Governnjent and the United States of Amer-
ica, approved by the present president on July 2, 1921.
The declaration of a state of war was thus repealed and the
administration was free to secure by negotiation the rights
enumerated in the joint resolution. Here a difficulty presented
itself because Germany could not grant part of the rights — all
of which had been granted to the Allied and Associated Powers.
A little reflection showed the way out. The framers of the
Treaty of Versailles were familiar with this view as the repre-
sentative of the United States in the committee which drafted
the Treaty of Versailles had repeatedly stated during its drafting
to the representatives of the other Powers, that the United
States would under the treaty take its share of all the privileges
granted by Germany to the principal Allied and Associated
Powers, of which the United States was specified as one in the
preamble of the treaty, without ratifying it; that the United
States would not be bound by any of the duties or obligations
INTJBRNATIONAIi LAW. 331
of the treaty without assuming them by ratification of the treaty,
just as the President of the United States cTould call the meeting
of the League of Nations as he was authorized to do by the
Covenant, without the ratification of that instrument by the
United States, and just as Gustave Ador of Switzerland could
act as arbitrator in certain cases specified in the treaty, although
Switzerland was not and Gustave Ador as a citizen of that
country could not be a party to the treaty.
Upon this theory the administration claimed grants of ad-
vantage to the United States and its citizens, eliminating grants
which it did not care to receive, and rejected the duties and
obligations which the administration did not care to assume.
The first were looked upon as grants from Germany to the
United States as an Associated Power made by Germany under
pressure of the Allied and Associated Powers, of which the
United States was one. They were gifts that only needed to
be claimed. The duties or obligations specifically enumerated
in the treaty could only become effective by action of the United
States, as the United States alone could bind itself to take a
particular course of action. Naturally the United States, as one
of the Allied and Associated Powers could only take the grants
in the form in which they were granted to the principal Allied
and Associated Powers, as they were one and the same to each.
The same is to be said of the treaty of St. Germain-en -Lay e of
September 10, 1919, with Austria, and the treaty of the Trianon,
with Hungary, signed on June 4, 1920. Therefore, the treaty of
August 25 1921, between the United States and Germany, the
treaty of August 24, 1921, with Austria, and the treaty of August
29, 1921, with Hungary, included the statement of rights claimed
by the United States in the joint resolution of July 2, 1921,
which were specifically accepted by each of the three contracting
powers; the portions of the treaties of Versailles, St. Germain
and the Trianon, of which the United States accepted the
benefits ; a statement that the United States received these rights
as they were granted to the Allied and Associated Powers ; a non-
acceptance of parts of the treaties, and a repudiation of the
duties and obligations contained in the portions of the treaties
^ which the administration expressly repudiated. Only the parts
* of the Treaty of Versailles which were accepted by the United
States in its Treaty with Germany need be set forth as those of
the treaties with Austria and Hungary are similar :
Germany undertakes to accord to the United States, and the United
States shall have and enjoy, all the rights, privileges, inaemnities, repara-
tions or advantages specified in the aforesaid Joint Resolution of the
Congress of the United States of July 2, 1921, including all the rights
and advantages stipulated for the benefit of the United States in the
Treaty of Versailles which the United States dbaU fully enjoy notwith-
332 REPORT OF COMMITTBB ON
Standing the fact that such Treaty has not been ratified by the United
States. [Artide I.]
With a view to defining more particularly the obligations of Germany
under the foregoing Article with respect to certain provisions in the
Treaty of Versailles, it is understood and agreed between the High
Contracting Parties;
(1) That the rights and advantages stipulated in that Treaty for the
benefit of the United States, which it is intended the United States shall
have and enjoy, are those defined in Section 1, of Part IV, and Parts V,
VI, Vm, IX, X, XI, XII, XIV, and XV.
The United States in availing itself of the rights and advantages
stipulated in the provisions of that Treaty mentioned in this paragraph
will do so in a manner consistent with the rights accorded to Germany
imder such provisions.
(2) That the United States shall not be bound by the provisions of
Part I of that Treaty, nor bv anv provisions of that Treaty including
those mentioned in paragraph (1) of this Article, which relate to the
Covenant of the League of Nations, nor shaU the United States be
bound by any action taken by the League of Nations, or bv the Council
or by the Assembly thereof, unless the United States shall expressly
give its assent to such action.
(3) That the United States assumes no obligations under or with
respect to the provisions of Part 11, Part III, Sections 2 to 8 inclusive
of Part IV, and Part XIII of that Treaty.
(4) That, while the United States is privileged to participate in the
Reparation Commission, according to tfie terms of Part VIII of that
Treaty, and in any other Commission established under the Treaty or
under any a^eement supplemental thereto, the United States is not
bound to participate in any such commission unlesB it shall elect to do so.
(5) That the periods of time to which reference is made in Article 440
of the Treaty of Versailles shall run. with respect to any act or election
on the part of the United States, from the date of the coming into
force of the present Treaty. [Article II.]
The skillful diplomacy of the Honorable Charles Evans
Hughes, Secretary of State of the United States, has caused this
view of the rights of the United States under the treaties of
Versailles, St. Germain-en-Laye ani the Trianon to prevail with
Germany, Austria and Hungary, and to be accepted by the other
parties to the treaties.
III. Conference on the Limitation op Armament and
Pacific and Fab Eastern Questions.
The Treaty of Versailles disarmed Germany ; its navy was sur-
rendered to the Allied and Associated Powers ; its army was dis-
banded, and only 100,000 men were permitted in the future, and
those only by contract, not constrription, and for a period of years.
The air forces and agencies were also defined and limited.
It was intended that this should be the first step towards the
general limitation of armament — a purpose set forth in the open-
ing paragraph, in the nature of a preamble, of the naval, mili-
tary and air clauses of the Treaty.
INTERNATIONAL LAW. 333
In order to render posedble the initiation of a general limitation of the
armaments of all nationSi Germany undertakes strictly to observe the
military, naval and air clauses which follow.
The attitude of the United States has never been a matter of
conjecture. It was clearly set forth and stated in a statute of
August 39, 1916, while the World War was in progress. It was
more tiian an attitude, it was a programme; it was even more
than a programme, it was a mandate to the President of the
United States to take the steps which were stated, to make the
attitude of the United States known to the Great Powers and
through them, to the world, and to realize the programme of
peaceful settlement, with the honorable avoidance of war and the
consequent reduction of armament which, meeting a need, neces-
sarily diminishes with the need.
The material portion of this important, perhaps epoch-making
statute follows:
It is hereby declared to be the policy of the United States to adjust
and settle its international disputes through mediation or arbitration,
to the end that war may be honorably avoided. It looks with appre-
hension and disfavor upon a general increase of armament throughout
the world, but it realizes that no single nation can disarm, and that
without a common agreement upon the subject every considerable
power must maintain a relative standing in milituy strength.
In view of the premises, the President is authorized and requested to
invite, at an appropriate time, not later than the close of the war in
Europe, all the great Governments of the world to send representatives
to a conference which shall be charged with the duty of formulating a
plan for a court of arbitration or other tribunal to which disputed ques-
tions between nations shall be referred for adjudication and peaceful
settlement, and to consider the question of disarmament and submit
their recommendation to their respective Governments for approval
Two hundred thousand dollars, or so much thereof as may be necessary,
is hereby appropriated and set aside and placed at the dii^osal of the
President to carry into effect the provisions of this paragraph.
If at any time before the construction authorized by this Act shall
have been contracted for there shall have been established, with the
cooperation of the United States of America^ an international tribunal
or tribunals competent to secure peaceful determinations of all inter-
national disputes, and which shall render unnecessary the maintenance
of competitive armaments, then and in that case such naval expendi-
tures as may be inconsistent with the engagements made in the estab-
lishment of such tribunal or tribunals may be suspended, when so ordered
by the President of the United States. [Provision of the Act making
appropriations for the naval service for the fiscal year ending June
thirtieth, nineteen hundred and seventeen, and for other purposes.
Siaiuies at Large of the United States, Vol. 39 (64th Congress), p. 618.]
The war, in so far as the United States was concerned, ended
with the treaties with Germany, Austria and Hungary, in the
summer of 1921. The statute of the Permanent Court of Inter-
national Justice had been drafted, approved by the nations, and
only awaited the selection of the judges in September, 1921.. The
war and the court were out of the way. The way was clear for
334 REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON
the limitation of armament. The statute was not to be a dead
letter. On July 8, 1921, Secretary Hughes addressed an in-
formal inquiry to four of the nations which with the addition of
the United States formed the principal Allied and Associated
Powers of the Treaty of Versailles : The British Empire, France,
Italy, Japan. They stated their willingness to confer with the
United States on the matter of armament. The President and
the Secretary knew that a settlement of Pacific and Far Eastern
questions was essential, indeed a prerequisite to a limitation of
armament. The inquiry, therefore, mentioned these topics, and
the four Powers expressed their willingness to discuss them also.
But Powers which had but little armament to reduce were in-
terested, particularly China, in this phase of the subject. There-
fore, Belgium, the Netherlands and Portugal, in addition to
China, were asked to confer on these matters. The result was a
conference of the so-called principal Allied and Associated
Powers on armament, and a conference of the nine on Pacific
and Far Eastern questions.
The Conference opened its labors in the City of Washington
on November 12, 1921, and adjourned on February 6, 1922,
with the following treaties and resolutions to its credit :
A treaty between the United States of America, the British Empire,
France, Italy and Japan, Umiting naval armament.
A treaty between the same powers, in relation to the use of sub-
marines and noxious gases in warfare.
A treaty between the United States of America, the British Empire,
France, and Japan, signed December 13, 1921, relating to their insular
possessions and insular dominions in the Pacific Ocean.
Declaration accompanying the above four-power treaty.
A treaty between the same four powers, supplementary to the above,
signed February 6, 1922.
A treaty between all nine powers relating to principles and policies to
be followed in matters concerning China.
A treaty between the nine powers relating to Chinese customs tariff.
Resolution for a commission of jurists to consider amendment of laws
of war.
Resolution limiting jurisdiction of commission of jurists provided in
above resolution.
Resolution regarding a board of reference for Far Eastern questions.
Resolution regarding extraterritoriality in China.
Resolution regarding foreign postal agencies in China.
Resolution regarding armed forces in China.
Resolution regarding radio stations in China and accompanying decla-
rations.
Resolution regarding unification of railways in China and accompany-
ing declaration by China.
Resolution regarding the reduction of Chinese military forces.
Resolution regarding existing commitments of China or with respect
to China.
Resolution regarding the Chinese Eastern Railway, approved by all
the powers, including China.
INTERNATIONAL LAW. 335
Resolution regarding the Chinese Eastern Railway, approved by all
the powers, other than China.
In addition there were two further treaties :
Treaty between Japan and China for the settlement of outstanding
questions relative to Shantung (February 4, 1922).
Treaty between the United States and Japan with regard to the
former German islands in the Pacific Ocean, in particular the island of
Yap (February 11, 1922).
The first of this latter group was between China and Japan,
and was reported to but not made in or by the conference. It can
be said, however, that it was concluded under its auspices. The
second was between Japan and the United States and was
negotiated by representatives of the two countries during but
not under the auspices of the conference. It was sufficiently
connected with the conference to be mentioned in the official
report of tlie American Delegation. It was, however, the work
of Mr. Hughes as Secretary of State, and of the Japanese Am-
bassador to the United States, not of those high officials as com-
missioners of their respective countries to the Conference. It
was signed February 11th, after its adjournment. It was clearly
R related subject.
The American Commissioners were Secretary of State Hughes,
Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, Senator Oscar S. Underwood, and
Mr. Elihu Boot, at one time Secretary of War, Secretary of
State, and Senator of the United States. Of the conference,
Secretary Hughes was appropriately chosen chairman, and the
Honorable John W. Garrett, of Maryland, Secretary-General.
It is not the purpose of your committee to consider these
treaties or resolutions in detail. The treaties to which the
United States is a party have all been advised and consented to
by the Senate, and only await a ratification by the other contract-
ing parties, and a deposit of ratifications to become laws of the
United States and to bind the other countries to their observance.
There are, however, certain observations which your committee
deems it timely and not without interest to make. Military or
aerial armament was untouched by the conference. The dis-
turbed state of Europe made it seem highly embarrassing to one
of the -participants to broach the subject of land armament. By
general consent this was laid aside for the present, doubtless to
await a more propitious occasion. It was apparently felt that
the time was not ripe for a discussion of aerial armament :
It was found to be impracticable to adopt rules for the limitation of
aircraft in number, size, or character, in view of the fact that such rules
would be of little or no value unless the production of commercial air-
craft were similarly restricted. It was deemed to be inadvisable thus
to hamper the development of a facility which could not fail to be im-
336 REPORT OF COMMITTBB ON
gortant in the progress of civilisation. [Report of American Delegation,
enate Document No. 125, 67th Congress, 2cL Session.]
It did not figure in the programme and it was not considered by
the delegates. The conference was therefore limited by general
consent to naval armament. It was recognized on all hands that
armament was needed; it was plain to all that ez<cessive arma-
ment was to be avoided. Armament for defense there must be.
Where should the line be drawn? If excessive armament was
to be avoided competition should cease, for excess was clearly
traceable to the race in armament without changing the relative
standing of the leading Powers. The thing to do was to lay the
axe to the root of the evil. This the conference did by taking
the navies of the five Powers as they existed on November 11th ;
providing that they be proportionally reduced, and that the
agreed tonnage for each of the five be not increased during a
period of years. The relative standing of each Power would be
maintained approximately as it was on November 11th; there
would be a positive reduction in tonnage and there would be in
effect if not in form, a naval holiday during the life of the treaty
which by its terms is not to expire before December 31, 1936.
The task before the conference was delicate, there were diflB-
culties in the way, there were certain prerequisites to agreement.
There were only two precedents, but one of these has stood the
test of time. The first followed the War of 1812 between Great
Britain and the United States, and was effected by an exchange
of notes.
The note of the British Minister, with a few lines from the
American note, need only be quoted :
Washington, April 2&th, 1817.
The undersigned, His Britannick Majesty's Envoy Extraordinary and
Minister Plenipotentiary, has the honour to acquaint Mr. Rush, that
havine laid before His Majesty's Government the correspondence which
passed last year between the Secretary of the Department of State and
the undersigned upon the subject of a proposal to reduce the Naval
Force of the respective countries upon the American Lakes, he has
received the commands of His Royal Highness the Prince Regent to
acquaint the Government of the United States, that his Royal Highness
is willing to acceed to the proposition made to the undersigned by the
Secretary of the Department of State in his note of the 2d of August last.
His Royal Highness acting in the name and on the behalf of His
Majesty, agrees, that the Waval force to be maintained upon the
American Lakes by His Majesty and the Government of the United
States shall henceforth be confined to the following vessels on each
side. That is
On Lake Ontario to one vessel not exceeding one hundred Tons
burthen and armed with one eighteen pound cannon.
On the upper lakes to two vessels not exceeding like burthen each
and armed with like force.
On the waters of Lake Champlain to one vessel not exceeding like
burthen and armed with like force.
INTERNATIONAL LAW. 337
And His Royal Highneaa agrees that all other armed vessels on these
Lakes shall be forthwith dismantled, and that no other vessels of war
shall be tibere built or armed.
His Roval Highness further agrees that if either Party should here-
after be desirous of annulling this stipulation and should give notice to
that effect to the other Party, it shall cease to be binding after the
expiration of six months from the date of such notice.
Tlie undersigned has it in command from His Royal Highness the
Prince Regent to acquaint the American Government, that His Royal
Highness has issued orders to His Majesty's officers on the lakes direct-
ing that the Naval force so to be limited shall be restricted to such
services as will in no respect interfere with the proper duties of the
armed vessels of the other Party.
The undersigned has the honour to renew to Mr. Rush the assurances
of his highest consideration.
Ghablm Bagot.*
Dhpartmbnt op State, April 2Qth, 1817.
The undersigned Acting Secretary of State has the honor to express
to Mr. Bagot the satisfaction which the President feels at His Royul
Highness The Prince Regent's having acceded to the proposition of thi9
Government as contained in the note alluded to. And in further answer
to Mr. Bagot's note, the undersigned by the direction of the President,
has the honor to state, that this Government, cherishing the same senti-
ments expressed in the note of the second of August, agrees, that the
naval force to be maintained upon the Lakes of the United States and
Great Britain shall henceforth, be confined to the following vessels on
each side—that is: ... .
The undersigned is also directed by the President to state^ that proper
orders will be forthwith issued by this Government to restnct the naval
force thus limited to such services as will in no respect interfere with
the proper duties of the armed vessels of the other party
Richard Rush'
The British Minister was Sir Charles Bagot; the Acting Sec-
retary of State was Richard Rush of Pennsylvania, then Attorney
General of the United States. The Secretary of State mentioned
in the correspondence was James Monroe; the President was
James Monroe, who thus has to his credit the arrangement
on the Lakes which has kept the peace between the two countries,
and ^'the doctrine ^^ bearing his name, which has kept Europe
out of the affairs of the New World.
It will be observed that this epoch-making arrangement was
effected by a mere exchange of notes. On the transaction and the
subsequent procedure, Mr. John Bassett Moore, our great author-
ity on international law and judge of the Permanent Court of
International Justice, has this to say in his monumental Digest
of International Law :
Orders were at once given by the proper executive officers of the two
governments for its execution. April 6, 1818, President Monroe, appar-
ently out of abundant caution, communicated the correspondence to the
* Davis and Haswell, Treaties and Conventions since July 4, 1776
(Washington, 1889). pp. 413-414.
*Ibid., pp. 414^16.
338 BBPOKT OF COHMITTEB ON
Senate (Am. State Papers, Foreign Relations, IV, 202). The Senate,
on the 16th of the same month, by a resolution in which two-thirds ol
the Senators present concurred, " approved of and consented to " the
arrangement, and ''recommended tnat the same be carried into effect
by the President." The President proclaimed the arrangement April
28, 1818 (11 Stat. 766). The proclamation), however, does not appear
ever to have been officially communicated to the British government,
and no exchange of ratifications took place. ''The agreement became
effective, by means of executive orders on each side, from the date of
the original exchange of notes." The l^islation in the United States
on the subject of armaments on the Great Lakes was of such a nature
as to leave the matter within the discretion of the President, within the
limits of appropriations actually made. A similar discretion appears to
have been exercised by the British government [Vol. 1, pp. 214-215].
The second precedent is also of American origin. It is con-
tained in the Treaty of May 28, 1902, and the Supplementary
Agreement of January 9, 1903, between the Bepublic of Argen-
tina and the Republic of Chile. These documents were laid by
the representatives of the two countries before the Second Hague
Peace Conference of 1907. They are embodied in its proceed-
ings and were thus brought to the notice of the worid at large.
Their material provisions are as follow :
CONVENTION BETWEEN CHILE AND THE ARGENTINE
REPUBLIC, RESPECTING THE LIMITATION OF
NAVAL ARMAMENTS.
[May 28, 1902.]
With a view of removing all motive for uneasineas or resentment in
either country, the Governments of Chile and the Argentine Republic
desist from acquiring the vessels of war which they have in construction,
and from henceforth making new acquisitions.
Both Governments agree, moreover, to reduce their respective fleets,
for which object they will continue to exert themselves until they arrive
at an understanding which shall establi^ a just balance (of strength)
between the said fleets. This reduction shall take place within one
year, counting from the date of exchange of ratification of the present
convention. [Article 1.)
The two Governments bind themselves not to increase, without
previous notice, their naval armaments during five years; the one in-
tending^ to increase them shall give the other eighteen months' notice.
It is understood that all armaments for the fortification of the coasts
and ports are excluded from this agreement, and any floating machine
destined exclusively for the defence of these, such as submarines, etc.,
can be acquired. [Article 2.]
The two signatory Parties shall not be at liberty to part with any
vessels, in consequence of this convention, in favor of countries having
questions pending with one or the other. [Article 3.]
In order to facilitate the transfer of pending contracts, both Govern-
ments bind themselves to prolong for two months the term stipulated
for the delivery of the vessels in construction, for which purpose they
will give the necessary instructions immediately this convention has
been signed. [Article 4.]^
* Proceedings of The Hague Peace Conference of 1907, Vol. 1, p. 120.
INTERNATIONAL LAW. " 339
PROTOCOL OP THE CONVENTION OF MAY 28, 1902, BETWEEN
CHILE AND THE ARGENTINE REPUBLIC ON THE
LIMITATION OF NAVAL ARMAMENTS.
[January 9, 1903.]
The Republic of Chile and the Argentine Republic ehall hereafter,
and in the shortest time possible, sell the vessels of war now building
for them, for the former in the shipyards of Messrs. Vickens and Messrs.
Armstrong (England) and for the latter in those of Ansaldo (Italy),
according to the stipulations set forth in paragraph 1 of Article 1 and
in Article 3 of the agreement of May 28, 1902.
In the event of its not being possible from any cause to carry out the
sale immediately, the high signatory Parties may continue the building
of the said ships, until thev are completed, but m no case shall they be
added to the rc»3pective fleets — not even with the previous notice of
eighteen months required for the increase of naval armaments by
Article 2 of the above-quoted a^eement. [Article 1.]
Both the high signatory Parties mutually agree inmiediately to put
the vessels at present building at the disposal and at the orders of His
Britannic Majesty, the arbitrator appointed bv the treaty of May 28,
1902, informing him that they have agreed that the vessels shall not
leave the yards where they actually are except onhr in case both high
Parties jointly request it, either because their sale has been effected or
in virtue of a subsequent agreement. [Article 2.]
The two high signatory Parties shall immediately communicate to the
shipbuilders the tact that the vessels have been placed, by common
consent of both Ck>venunent8, at the disposal of the arbitrator desig-
nated in the treaty of May 28, 1902, without whose express order they
may not be delivered to any nation or individual. [Article 3.]
In order to establi^ the just balance between the two fleets, the
Republic of Chile ^all proceed to disarm the battleship Capitdn^ Prat
and the Argentine Republic to disarm its battleships Ganbaldi and
Pueyrredon. [Article 4.]
In order that the vessels may be considered disarmed, in accordance
with the foregoing article, they must be moored in a basin or port,
having on board only the necessary crew to attend to the preservation
of the material which cannot be removed, and they must have landed —
All coal;
All power and ammunition;
Artillery of small caliber, torpedo tubes and torpedoes, electric search-
lights, boats.
All stores of whatever kind.
For their better preservation it is permissible to roof in the decks.
[Article 6.]
The vessels mentioned in Article 4, which both Governments agree to
disarm, shall remain in that state, and may not be rearmed without the
previous notice of eighteen months which the Government who wishes
to do so is obliged to give to the other Government, except in case of a
subsequent agreement or of their alienation. [Article 6.]*
At their expiration they were not renewed^ and the solitary
precedent before the statesmen of the Arms Conference was the
so-called Bush-Bagot Arrangement of 1817.
There were thus two precedents. It happened that there were
two prerequisites, the first was the abrogation of the Anglo-
^ Proceedings of The HoQue Peace Conference of tWI, Vol. 1. pp. 121-
122.
340 REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON
Japanese Alliance and a treaty to that effect was the first of the
agreements negotiated. The second was the agreement not to
fortify the territorial possessions of the contracting parties in
the Pacific.
The British Isles, anchored off the continent of Europe are
affected by the changes that make and immake Europe; the
Island Empire of Japan, an^chored off the shores of Asia, is
affected by every breeze that blows from Asia. The 'statesmen
of each anxiously watch their respective continents. But the
British Empire has vast interests in Asia as well. Therefore
these two Powers felt that they had common interests, and that
their *^ interests ^' in Asia should be xmtouched by a third Power.
They therefore agreed on January 30, 1902, to take united action
in case a third Power should interfere in hostilities to which the
other was a party. This agreement was revised on August 12,
1905, by an agreement providing for joint action in the first
instance. On July 13, 1911, this latter agreement was itself
revised, in order to exclude its application to a Power which
had offered to arbitrate its difference with one or other of the
parties to the dispute. This modification was at the request of
Great Britain, in order to enable it to conclude an arbitration
convention with the United States. The material portion of the
modified convention is thus worded:
Preamble. — ^The Government of Great Britain and the Government
of Japan, having in view the important changes which have taken place
in the situation since the conclusion of the Anglo-Japanese Agreement
of the 12th August, 1905, and beheving that a revision of that Agree-
ment responding to such changes would contribute to general stability
and repose, have agreed upon the following stipulations to replace the
Agreement above mentioned, such stipulations having the same object
as the said Agreement, namely ;
(a) The consolidation and maintenance of the general peace in the
regions of Eastern Asia and of India ;
(b) The preservation of the common interests of all Powers in China
by insuring the independence and integrity of the Chinese Empire and
the principle of equal opportunities for the commerce and inoustiy of
all nations in China; '
(c) The maintenance of the territorial rights of the High Contracting
Parties in the regions of Eastern Asia and of India, and the defence of
their special interests in the said regions:
Abticlb I. — It is agreed that whenever, in the opinion of either Great
Britain or Japan, any of the rights and interests referred to in the
preamble of this Agreement are in jeopardy, the two Govemment4S will
communicate with one another fully and frankly, and will consider in
common the measures which should be taken to CKifeguard those
menaced rights or interests.
Abticub II. — If by reason of unprovoked attack or aggressive action,
wherever arising, on the part of any Power or Powers, either High Con-
tracting Party should be involved in war in defence of its territorial
rights or special interests mentioned in the preamble of this Agree-
ment, the other High Contracting Party will at once come to the assist-
INTEBNATIONAL LAW. 341
ance of its ally, and will conduct th^ war in common, and make peace
in mutual agreement with it.
Article III.— The High Contracting Parties agree that neither of
them will, without consulting the other, enter into separate arrange-
ments with anoUier Power to the prejudice of the objects described in
the preamble of this Agreement.
Artiglb rVr-^hould either High Contracting Party conclude a treaty
of general ca4)itration with a thud Power, it is agreed that nothing in
this Agreement shall entail upon such Contracting Party an obligation
to go to war with the Power with whom such treaty of arbitration is
in loroe.^ ....
The revised version was displeasing to the TTnited States; it
was not overpleasing to many people in Great Britain. The Con-
ference found a way out, in substituting a four Power pact, to
which the United States, the British Empire, France and Japan
were parties, for a dual agreement, and replacing a military
alliance by an obli^tion to respect the " rights ^' of each " to
their insular possessions and insular dominions ^' in the Pacific
Ocean and an obligation to confer with one another if direct
diplomacy fails to adjust their diJSBculties. By a supplemental
treaty of the four Powers the " insular possessions and insular
dominions " of Japan are defined as including for the purposes
of the original treaty ** only the southern portion of the Island
of Sakhalin and the Pescadores, and the islands under the
mandate of Japan.*'
It is proper to add in this connection that the Pour Power
Pact was accompanied by a declaration of even date to the effect
that the treaty applied to the Mandated Islands in the Pacific
Ocean with, however, an express reservation on the part of the
United States that the treaty was not to be deemed an assent to
the mandates and that it did ^' not preclude agreements between
the United States of America and the mandatory Powers res-
pectively in relation to the mandated islands.'*
This would seem to indicate that an agreement with Japan
on the mandated islands, especially Yap, was a prerequisite to
the Pour Power Pact and therefore an indirect but none the
less a further prerequisite to the limitation of naval armament.
Secretary Hughes and the Japanese Ambassador fortunately
reached an agreement in the form of a treaty during the course
of the conference. Although it was put into shape for sig-
nature, ii was not signed until February 11, some five days
after the adjournment.
This treaty has an importance beyond ite terms. It secured
from the Principal Allied and Associated Powers a formal
acceptence and in concrete form of the American interpretetion
of the Treaty of Versailles and of the other peace treaties.
*MacMurray*8 Treaties and Agreements with and Concerning China,
1894-1919 (Washington, 1921), 2 Vols., Vol. 1, p. 900.
342 REPORT OF COICMITTBB ON
In the treaty of August 25^ 1921, which Secretary Hughes
had negotiated with Germany, he reserved on behalf of the
United States all the rights which Germany had granted to the
Principal Allied and Associated Powers in the Treaty of Ver-
sailles, which the United States cared to receive and exercise.
But the Principal Allied Powers, the British Empire, France,
Italy and Japan were not parties to the treaty of the United
States, the Principal Associated Power, with Germany. They
were not bound by its terms an/} the interpretation of the
Treaty of Versailles which Secretary Hughes incorporated in
the German Treaty. It was important to secure the acceptance
of the American interpretation in a concrete case.
The Declaration accompanying the Pour Power Pact, to
which three of the Principal Allied Powers were parties, the
British Empire, France and Japan, and the Associated Power,
the United States, provided that the Treaty or Pact should apply
" to the Mandated Islands in the Pacific Ocean.'* The Declara-
tion contained, however, the express stipulation that ^^ the mak-
ing of the Treaty '' was not to be deemed an assent on the part
of the United States **to the mandates'* and that the Treaty
did not preclude ^'agreements between the United States of
America and the Mandatory Powers respectively in relation to
the mandated islands.'*
The United States exercised the right acknowledged by the
Declaration, to make an agreement with the Mandatory Powers
concerning the mandated islands, and, in so doing, applied tiie
American interpretation of its rights under the Treaty of
Versailles in the special treaty under consideration with Japan.
Article 119 of the Treaty of Versailles, of which the United
States claimed the benefit, reads, '^ Germany renounces, in favour
of the Principal Allied and Associated Powers all her rights and
titles over her oversea possessions." This renunciation included,
of course, " the former German Islands in the Pacific Ocean,
in particiilar the Island of Yap."
In pursuance of Article 119, the Four Principal Allied
Powers had agreed to confer a mandate of these islands upon
Japan. In so doing, they acted without the United States,
which had neither ratified the Treaty of Versailles nor par-
ticipated '*in the agreement respecting the mandate." In so
doing they attempted to dispose of an interest of the United
States under the treaty. Their action was therefore without
legal eflFect until the United States ratified it in the opening
article of the treaty with Japan, in the following measured
language :
Subject to the provisioiis of the present Convention, the United States
consents to the adniinistration by Japan^ pursuant to the aforesaid
INTSRNATIONAL LAW. 343
mandate, of all the former German Islands in the Pacific Ocean lying
north of the Equator. [Article I.]
This interpretation of Article 119 of the Treaty of Versailles
would seem to apply to every other provision of like nature in
that treaty and to vest in the United States all the rights of that
treaty and the other peace treaties set out in the special treaties
of the United States with Germany, Austria and Hungary.
The convention was also a diplomatic triumph for Japan as
well as the United States, as it settled a dispute which threatened
to become a source of irritation by according to Ainerican citi-
zens'the rights of Japanese subjects in the Island of Yap and of
any favored nation in such matters, among others, as access,
residence, acquisition of property, the use of cables and radio-
telegraphic communication.
Notwithstanding the implication to the contrary in its name,
the Pacific Ocean was looked upon by the conference as a pos-
sible storm-center. To make the fact correspond to the name,
the United States, the British Empire and Japan bound them-
selves in Article 19 of the " Scrapping '^ Convention to main-
tain '* the status quo at the time of the signing '* of the fortifi-
cations and naval bases " in their respective territories and pos-
sessions." This article, therefore, enumerates them. The
specific nature and the exact extent of the obligation to be
assumed was thus defined and known in advance.
Nor was this all. Public opinion seemed to add a third pre-
requisite— the return of Shantung to China by Japan, which
the latter had, despite the opposition of China, secured by the
Treaty of Versailles. In the course of the conference an agree-
ment was reached between China and Japan to this effect, and
the treaty embodying the conditions upon which the retrocession
was made has since been ratified by Japan. The intervention
of the President of the United States, the acceptance of the good
ofiSces of Mr. Hughes and of Mr. Balfour as individuals, not as
officials, were important factors in bringing about this happy
result.
But even this was not all. A part of the American proposal
on naval armament had to be sacrificed as the price of agree-
ment, as stated in the Report of the American Commission :
In accepting the allowance for capital ships, France had made a dis-
tinct reservation. It was said that it would be impossible for the French
Government to accept reductions for light cruisers, tofpedo boats and
submarines corresponding to those which were accepted for capital
ships. Accordingly, France maintained that her necessities required
that she should be allowed 330,000 tons for cruisers, etc., and 90,000 tons
for submarines
!
J
344 BBPORT OF COMMITTEE ON
In view of the insistence on the part of the French delegation that
they could not abate their requirements as to auxiliaiy craft and sub-
marines, the Briti^ delegation stated that they were unable to consent
to a limitation of auxiliary craft adapted to meet submarines.
The American plan for the limitation of armament was, as
the Beport of the American Delegation points out, based upon
the following four general principles:
(1) That all capitalnshipbuilding progp'ams, either actual or projected,
should be abandoned;
(2) That further reduction should be made through the scrapping of
certain of the older ships;
(3) That in general regard should be had to the existing xiaval
strength of the powers concerned ;
(4) That the capital ship tonnage should be used as the measurement
of strength for navies and a proportionate allowance of auxiliary com-
batant craft prescribed.
The capital ship of the treaty which may be built hereafter
is defined as "a vessel of war, not an aircraft carrier, whose
displacement exceeds 10,000 tons (10,160 metric tons) standard
displacement, or which carries a gun with a calibre exceeding
8 inches (203 millimetres).'* The capital ship is not to exceed
36,000 tons (35,660 metric tons) standard displacement It
is also provided in the treaty that '^no capital ship of any of
the Contracting Powers shall carry a gun with a calibre in
excess of 16 inches (400 millimetres)/'
It is further provided by the treaty that the tonnage of capital
ships to be retained is :
By the United States of America 525,850
By the British Empire 558^50
By France 221,170
By Italy 182,800
By Japan 301,320
Total 1,790,090
The ships retained will, of course, deteriorate. Therefore, they
may be replaced :
The total capital ship replacement tonnage of each of the Contracting
Powers shall not exceed in standard displacement for the United States
525,000 tons (533,400 metric tons) ; for the British Empire 525,000 tons
(533,400 metric tons) ; for France 175,000 tons (177300 metric tons) ;
for Italy 175,000 tons (177^00 metric tons); for Japan 315,000 tons
(320,040 metric tons). [Article IV.]
The capital* ship in excess of the tonnage allowed is to be
'' scrapped." That is, it is removed from the category of fight-
ing ships, or in the language of the treaty, ''placed in such
condition that it cannot be put to combatant use."
INTERNATIONAL LAW. 345
The number of capital ships to be ** scrapped *' and the con-
sequent reduction in tonnage are shown in the following table:
No. of Ships Tonnage
United States of America... 30 820,540
British Empire 24* 605,»75
France *
Italy
Japan 17* 435,328
71 1,861343
Aircraft carriers are included in the treaty, and the carrier is
defined as '^a vessel of war with a displacement in excess of
10,000 tons (10,160 metric tons) standard displacement de-
signed for the specific and exclusive purpose of carrying air-
craft/'
The total tonnage for aircraft carriers of each of the Contracting
Powers shall not exceed in standard displacement, for the United States
135,000 tons (137,160 metric tons) ; for the British Empire 135,000 tons
(137,160 metric tons) ; for France 60,000 tons (60,960 metric tons) ; for
Italy 60,000 tons (60,960 metric tons) ; for Japan 81,000 (82,296 metric
tons). [Article VII.]
As in the case of capital ships, aircraft carriers may be re-
placed, but the carrier in the future and during the life of the
treaty is not to exceed "27,000 tons (27,432 metric tons)
standard displacement'^ nor is the carrier to have a gun with
"a calibre in excess of 8 inches (203 millimetres)/'
Vessels smaller than capital ships are not limited in number,
but they are not to exceed 10,000 tons (10,160 metric tons)
standard displacement, and the calibre of the guns which they
may carry is not to exceed 8 inches (203 millimetres).
The Contracting Powers are not to construct or acquire in any
way or manner ships of the inhibited classes, nor are they to dis-
pose of them in any way or manner to non-Contracting Powers.
Peter is not to be robbed to pay .Paul, or, more accurately ex-
pressed, Paul is not to be enriched at the expense of Peter.
The treaty is to remain in force until December 31, 1936, and
thereafter unless it shall be denoimced two years before this date
by any one of the Contracting Powers. But within a year of the
denunciation, the Contracting Powers are to meet in conference,
doubtless in the hope of reaching an agreement for the continu-
ance of the treaty in more or less modified form.
^ This figure includes 4 Hoods not laid down. Four more ships are to
be scrapped on completion of two new ships of 35,(X)0 tons each.
'As France and Italy did not possess their quotas of tonnage, no
scrapping is required of them by the treaty.
' And abandonment of program of 8 ships not laid down.
346 REPORT OF COICMITTEE ON
But circumstances may change so that a Contracting Power
may fear that the agreement has become inequitable as far as it
is concerned. It may so state and a conference thereupon takes
place for *Hhe reconsideration of the provisions of the treaty
and its amendment by mutual agreement/' and in any event " a
conference of the parties to the treaty is to be held " some eight
years after the treaty has come into force, to consider what
changes should be made in its terms because of ** technical and
scientific developments'* in the interval.
It is foreseen that one or other of the Contracting Powers may
be at war. In this event the treaty is to be suspended upon
notice of such Power; the Powers at peace may meet and a^ee
to modifications of its terms during the war, of, failing to ^ee
any one of the Contracting Powers at peace may withdraw itself
from the obligations of the treaty during the war. On the term-
ination of hostilities the Contracting Powers are to meet and
consider what modifications if any, should be made in its pro-
visions.
Such is the principle of the limitation of armament adopted
by the Conference and the principle once agreed to, its applica-
tion on a larger scale is a matter of expediency. The first step
is the most important and it has been taken.
It has already been said that submarines were not included in
the treaty, but they were not left where the conference found
them. The British Commission wished and proposed '*that
united action should be taken by all nations to forbid their
maintenance, construction or employment." The United States
stood, however, for the use of submarines against war vessels,
and proposed an acceptable compromise drafted by Mr. Boot,
forbidding their use as commerce destroyers and punishing " as
for an ad of piracy ? violations by submarines of the rules of
visit and search required of surface vessels.
In tlie treaty in which the United States, the British Empire,
France, Italy and Japan renounce the use of submarines the
same Powers thus deal with gases:
The use in war of asph3^iatiDg, poisonous or other sases, and all
analogous liquids, materials or devices, having been justT^r condemned
by the general opinion of the civilized world and a ])rohibition of such
use having been declared in treaties to which a mtgority of the civilised
Powers are parties,
The Signatory Powers, to the end that this prohibition shall be
universally accepted as a part of international law binding alike the
conscience and practice of nations, declare their assent to such pro-
hibition, a^ee to be bound thereby as between themselves and invite
all other civihzed nations to adhere thereto. [Article V.]
For the purposes of this report it will be sufficient to refer
only to the series of agreements concerning China, to all of
INTERNATIONAL LAW. 347
which the United States and Japan were parties, and to a reso-
lution outwardly of modest proportions, but inwardly of infinite
possibilities.
Of the Chinese agreements it may be said as a whole that they
start from the reafiSrmation by all of the participants of the
policy of the open door, which they have ^* observed ^ in theory
and violated in practice ; and that they aim to secure the recogni-
tion in practice as well as in theory of China as a free, sovereign
and independent country, permitting, in the meantime, to China
'' an increase of its revenues, securing the withdrawal of foreign
troops, and providing for the abolition of extraterritoriality,"
without which freedom, sovereignty and independence are high-
sounding but hollow phrases.
Your committee expresses the hope, although it is beyond the
scope of its report, that the statesmen of China will probe
beneath the surface of things and find in the enlightened tradi*
tions of their country the fundamental principles of justice and
of fair-dealing which will make of the oldest of nations the New
China, instead of attempting to introduce an alien civilization,
a procedure which is likely to be futile when it is not actually
fatal.
The difference between anarchy, which destroys, and freedom,
which preserves alike nations and peoples, is that the will of all
as well as of the many, and the will of the few as well as that of
the one, is a restrained will; and liberty is only possible or
desirable if the freedom of action of the will of the individual
and of the community be a will restrained by the principles of
justice expressed in rules of law.
We speak of nations as independent and that is true in the
sense that no nation should be dependent upon the will of
another; but nations are interdependent, as the happiness and
prosperity of any one does in fact depend upon the many. It
is indeed true "that no one can rightfully impose a rule on
another '* and that none can make a law of nations, to revert to
the language of Chief Justice Marshall. There is no person,
however powerful and self-sufficient, who can stand out against
the combined common judgment of mankind, and there is no
State, made up of men and women more or less artificially
grouped, which can stand out against the common judgment of
the other States or the greater portion of them, composed of
these same men and women divided by a boundary which does
not separate. The difficulty is to concentrate the thought of
mankind upon the essentials of international conduct and
through conference to express the principles of justice in rules
of international conduct. Mr. Boot took advantage of the
meeting of the advisory committee of jurists at The Hague in
the summer of 1920, to draft a project for the International
348 BEPOBT OF COMMITTBE ON . •
Court of Justice, to turn the thouf^^hts of statesmen in this direc-
tion and to state the method of taking over from the individual
the principles of justice and of putting them in the rules of
public law for the observance of nations. He therefore proposed
and the committee adopted the following resolution :
The Advisory Committee of Jurists, assembled at The Hague to draft
a plan for a Permanent Court of International Justice,
Convinced that the security of States and the well-beinff of peoples
urgently require the extension of the empire of law and the development
of all international agencies for the aaministration of justice, recom-
mends:
I. That a new conference of the nations in continuation of the first
two conferences at The Hague be held as soon as practicable for the
following purposes:
1. To restate the established rules of international law, especially,
and in the first instance, in the fields affected by the events of the
recent war.
2. To formulate and agree upon the amendments and additions, if
any. to the rules of international law shown to be necessary; or
useful by the events of the war and the changes in the conditions
of international life and intercourse which have followed the war.
3. To endeavor to reconcile divergent views and secure general
agreement upon the rules which have been in difqpute heretoK>re.
4. To consider the subjects not now adequately regulated by
international law, but aa to which the interests of international
justice require that rules of law shall be declared and accepted.
The resolution was addressed neither to the Council nor to the
Assembly of the League of Nations. The reference to one or the
other body was struck from the draft by the Committee, so
that the resolution, in the form in which it was adopted, was a
recommendation of the Committee of Jurists, and required no
action by the League of Nations, any more than the Resolution
of the Committee in favor of the prompt establishment of the
Academy of International Law in the Peace Palace at The
Hague. Through an unfortunate oversight of the Reporter, the
first resolution in question was submitted to the Council and the
Assembly of the League by the Appendix of his Report which,
prepared after the adjournment of the Committee of Jurists,
was not approved by them. When this error was discovered it
was too late to correct it, although an attempt was made to do so.
The resolution therefore went before the Council where it was
modified in part, and the Assembly where it was rejected in toto.
Undaunted by this action, Mr. Root saved a part of the orig-
inal resolution at the Arms Conference, and it may well be that
the more modest and inconspicuous proposal will carry with it
and realize the larger purpose. It is to be observed in this con-
nection that the commission is forbidden by express resolution
" to review or report upon the rules or declarations relating to
submarines or the use of noxious gases and chemicals " adopted
by five of the Powers in the Conference.
INIBENATIONAL LAW. 349
Lord LyndhuTst, the one American by birth to hold the Lord
High Chancellorship of Great Britain, is reported to have said
that in choosing the judges for the English bench^ he first found
a gentleman and if he knew a little law '^ it did not hurt/' It is
to be hoped that in selecting members of conferences the new
diplomacy may choose an American to his finger-tips with the
certainty bom of experience, that a knowledge of international
law will assuredly help. It should also be said, in behalf of
Mr. Hughes, that it does not hurt a Secretary of State to be a
lawyer.
The Conference on the Limitation of Armament and Far
Eastern Questions has restored the prestige of the United States
in international affairs and assured it the moral leadership of
the world.
IV. Conference of Washington on the Tacna and Arica
Controversy.
At the moment of preparing this report the City of Washing-
ton is again a centre to which the eyes of statesmen — ^this time
of the Americas — are anxiously and inquiringly turned. The
representatives of Chile and Peru are appropriately in session
in the building of the Pan American Union in an attempt, which
assuredly all Americans hope will be successful, to remove from
the foreign relations of their respective countries the controversy
over the disposition of the provinces of Tacna and Arica. For
present purposes it will sufiice to say that the Second Article of
the treaty of Ancon of October 20, 1883, ending the war between
Chile and Peru, which had lasted from 1879 to 1882, provides
that
The territory of the provinces of Tacna and Arica. . . shall remain in
the possession of Chile, and subject to Chilean laws and authorities, dur-
ing the term of ten years, to be reckoned from the ratification of the
present treaty of peace. At the expiration of that term a plebiscite shall,
by means of a popular vote, decide whether the territory of the provinces
referred to is to remain definitely under the dominion and sovereignty
of Chile, or continue to form a part of the Peruvian territory. Which-
ever of the two countries in whose favor the provinces of Tacna and
Arica are to be annexed shall pay to the other 10,000.000 pesos in Chilean
silver currency, or Peruvian solee of the same standard and weight.
A special protocol, which shall be considered as an integral part of
the present treatv, will establish the form in which the plebiscite is to
take place, and the conditions and periods of payment ot the 10,000,010
pesos by the country which remains in possession of the provinces of
Tacna and Arica.^
Your committee feels that it is unwise to make any statement
concerning the reasons which have delayed the protocol which,
when agreed to, was to bind the two countries as if it had formed
^Rose Book of Chile, Washington, 1918, pp. 62-63.
350 REPORT OF COICMITTBE ON
an integral part of the original treaty. Your committee feels
that some statement should be made concerning the matter.
Therefore it quotes the following paragraph on the subject from
the eleventh edition of the Encyclopcsdia Britannica which ap-
peared in 1911, long before the present negotiations: ^
The period of ten years originally agreed upon for the Chilean occu-
pation of these provinces expired in 1894. At that date the peace of
rem was so seriously disturbed b^ internal troubles that the govern-
ment was quite unable to take active steps to bring about any solution
of the matter. After 1894 negotiations between the two governments
were attempted from time to time, but without any satisfactory results.
The question hinged to a great extent on the qualification necessary for
the inhabitants to vote, in the event of a plebiscite being called to decide
whether Chilean ownership was to be finally established or the provinces
were to revert to Peruvian sovereignty. Peru proposed that only
Peruvian residents should be entitled to take part in a popular. vote;
Chile rejected this proposition, on the ground that all residents in the
territories in question should nave a voice in the final decision. The
agreement between Chile and Bolivia, by which the disputed provinces
were to be handed over to the latter country if Chilean possession was
recognized, was also a stumbling-block, a strong feeling existed amone
Peruvians against this proceeding. It was not so much the value oi
Tacna and Arica that put difficulties in the way of a settlement as the
fact that the national pride of the Peruvians ill brooked the idea of
permanently losing all claim to this section of country.
While the Arms Conference was in session in Washington,
Chile and Peru took up tiie question of Tacna and Arica. The
countries in controversy intimated that an invitation to meet in
Washington would be acceptable. It was extended. Representa-
tives of Chile and Peru met in the building of the Pan American
Union on May 15, 1922, at which place and time Secretary
Hughes delivered an address which states the reasons for the
meeting, the terms of the invitation and the hopes entertained
by all men and women of good will of the Americas. It is,
therefore, given in full :
It is with the utmost gratification that I extend to you a cordial
welcome to this Capital and felicitate you upon this meeting for the
purpose of ending a long-standing controversy. You will find here. I
trust, an atmosphere congenial to your endeavors and you cannot fail
to be impressed with the deep interest that we feel in all that pertains
to the welfare of Chile and Peru and of all our sister Republics in
Latin America. This meeting place, devoted to Pan-American friend-
ship, has the most inspiring memories. What has been accomplished
within these walls must remain a lasting assurance that the most diffi-
cult problems can be solved when nations take counsel of the interests
of peace and seek with united purpose a better understanding. Here
we have witnessed the astounding spectacle of great naval powers
voluntarily agreeing to scrap a large proportion of their capital diiips
and to end the most serious competition in naval armament, thus reliev-
ing their peoples of an intolerable burden and afifording convincing
proof of the absence of policies of aggression. Here, nations especially
^ Encycloposdia Britannica, 1911, Vol. XXI, p. 277.
INTERNATIONAL LAW. 351
interested in the Far East have been able to diapel apprehenaion and
diatnut and find through their common endeavors a basis for amit^
and cooperation.
Surely this is an auspicious time to heal old wounds and to end what*
ever differences may exist in Latin America, and there could be no more
agreeable harbinger of a better day and of a lasting peace upon this
hemisphere than the convening of this conference of me representatives
of the Republics of Chile and Peru. I confpratulate you upon the high
purpose and the noble and conciliatory spirit whidi nave animated both
Governments in the approach to this meeting and upon the earnest
desire which both have manifested that through this friendly inter-
course a mutually satisfactory settlement may be found. Permit me to
express not only the hope but the firm conviction that your sealous
and well-directed endeavors dominated by this friendly spirit will be
crowned with complete success.
It may be appropriate for me to repeat the terms of the invitation
extended by the Government of the United States to the Governments
of Chile and Peru, the acceptance of which has led to this conference. I
had the honor, on behalf of my Government, of addressing both Gov-
ernments as follows:
"The Government of the United States through the courteiy of
the Ambassadors of Chile and Peru in Washington, has been kept
informed of the prosress of the recent negotiations carried on
directly by telegraph between the Governments of Chile and Peni,
looking toward a settlement of the long-standing controversy with
respect to the unfulfilled provisions of the Treaty of Ancon. It has
noted with the greatest pleasure and satisfaction the lofty spirit
of conciliation which has animated the two Governments, and that
as a result of these direct exchanges of views, the idea of arbitra-
tion of the pending difficulties is acceptable in princii)le to both. It
has also taken note of the suggestion that representatives of the two
Governments be named to meet in Washington with a view to
finding the means of settling the difficulties which have divided the
two countries.
''Desiring in the interests of American peace and concord to
assist, in a manner agreeable to both Governments concerned, in
finding a way to end this long-standing controversy, the Presiaent
of the United States would be pleased to welcome in Wadiington
the representatives which the Governments of Chile and Peru may
see fit to appoint, to the end that such representatives may settle,
if happily it may be, the existing difficulties, or may arrange for
the settlement of them by arbitration."
You have here the privilege and responsibility of exceptional oppor-
tunity. Perhaps no event has ever been contemplated by the American
Republics with deeper interest and more fervent hope. The only relief
for a troubled world is in resort to the processes of reason in lieu of
those of force. Direct and candid interchanges, a sincere desire to make
an amicable adjustment, the promotion of mutual imderstanding and
the determination to avoid unnecessary points of difference in order
that attention may be centered upon what is fair and practicable —
these are of the essence of the processes of reason. The pathway to an
enduring concord and to the prosperity of a mutual helpfulness lies
open before you. What is done here will have a lasting effect upon the
security and happiness of all peoples, inasmuch as the success of this
conference through your agreement will not only demonstrate your
wisdom and lofty conceptions of duty, but will furnish the world with a
needed and inspiring example of the practice of peace.
12
35^. INTBBNATIONAIi IiAW.
The Government of the United Statee gives you welcome and God-
speed.
Your Standing Committee on International Law believes that
the world can be saved from its material troubles only by the
substitution of the rule of law for the rule of force. It sees in
the achievements of the past year a justification of the resump-
tion of the orderly processes of development which preceded the
World War, and which would have prevented its outbreak if good
faith had kept the upper hand of
Vaulting ambition, which overleaps itself.
James Brown S'oott,
Oeobob Suthbblakd,
Thomas Burkb,
Eathbyn Sellers.
1.
REPORT
Of .
COMMITTEE ON INSURANCE LAW.
To ih^ American Bar Association:
The American Bar Association has maintained a committee on
insurance law for more than 20 years. The creation of the com-
mittee came through the realization of the Association of the
conflict and woeful lack of harmony in the laws and rules enacted
and promulgated in the aeveral states regulating the business of
insurance. Each state, from time to time in a long series of
years, had established special laws and regulations which at the
various times seemed needful. These special laws and depart-
mental rules in each state were made with little or no regard for
the laws and rules of other states. They were made with little or
no comprehension of the business of insurance as being or becomr
ing an interstate or inter-nation institution whose ramifications
proceed from a central office throughout the co\intry or through-
out the world. The result was 40-K)dd sets of patchwork^ of
inconsistent, conflicting and retaliatory laws and rules, each let-
tering in its own way tiie spread of operations of a business that
should be encouraged and left untrammeled except in so far as the
protection and security of the insuring public call for restriction
and regulation. If it were possible there should be but one sys-
tem of rules and regulations for the institution of insurance, now
so essential an element in all commercial, industrial and domestic
affairs.
This committee was impressed with the hampering effect of
these conflicting state laws on insurance companies, and the
inefficiency of the state laws in a wholesome control over their
operations and consequent injury and lack of protection of the
people insured. Naturally, therefore, the first impulse of the
committee was to substitute one federal system of regulating laws
for all companies doing interstate business, to be administered
by one federal insurance department and the abolition of all state
'laws and state insurance departments except in so far as such
state laws and departm^ts might be retained for the regulation
of insurance companies which confined their operations to the
state.
The idea of a federal insurance code and federal insuirance
department was the subject of extended consideration by the com- '
nuttee for several years. All members of the committee seem to
(363)
354: &EPOET OF COMMITTEE ON
have strongly favored a federal code and federal department in
substitution for all state laws and state departments^ as a matter
of practical expedience. The members of the committee dis-
agreed, however, on the power of the Congress to so control the
operations of insurance companies. Some members of the com-
mittee considered that as insurance has been declared not within
the commerce clause of the Constitution, Congress had no such
power, other members being of opinion that it was within the
power of Congress.
Upon a divided report of the committee, the Association re-
fused to recommend to Congress the enactment of such a federal
law. This action of the Association was solely upon the ground
that such a law was not within the powers granted to Congress
by the Constitution, but with the expressed, clear apprehensions
of the evils flowing from the operation of the many conflicting
and inharmonious laws of the several states, and the desire that
the Associaticm should take some action tending to promote
harmony between the laws and rules of the several states.
This committee and the Association have realized that, on ac-
count of the traditions, historical settings and other peculiarities
incident to the insurance laws of each state, it would not be
possible n^w to have an absolute uniform code of regulations
adopted in every state, or in any considerable number of states.
Therefore, it was proposed that ^ code should be prepared which
in whole or in its several parts might be a model whidi the legisla-
tures of the several states may follow in any amendments,
revisions or codifications of the laws. The Committee on the
District of Columbia of the National Senate then had under
consideration the subject of a code of insurance laws of the
District of Columbia. In a conference of the Senate Committee
and this committee, the Senate Committee urged that the Ameri-
can Bar Association prepare a code of insurance regulations
which might be a model for the several states, and which the
Congress might enact for the District of Columbia. Thereupon
the Association directed this committee to prepare such code.
After deliberations extending over several years, during which
five several printed tentative drafts were published, criticized,
changed and revised, the committee submitted its code to the
Association. The Association adopted it and recommended it
as a guide in such legislation in the several states, and instructed
this committee to submit it to the Congress and urge its enactmenf
into law for the regulation of insurance in the District of
Columbia..
The bill was introduced in the Sixty-sixth Congress and was
discliBfled by the Senate Committee on the District of Columbia,
but on account of other matters of more momentous importance
oonsideration of the bill was deferred and no action was taken.
INSUBAKOB LAW. 355
The same bill was intioduced in the Sixty-Seyenth Congress
where it is pending as Senate Bill No. 2229^, by Senator Pomerene.
This conmuttee has no knowledge of any objection being urged
against the code since its adoption by the Association^ or of any
opposition to the bill pending in Congress^ and the committee has
been led to believe that it would be enacted into law so soon as
other graver matters may permit of attention to it by Congress.
The code has fulfilled the purpose of this committee, and of
the Association, for it has been used as a guide and, to some
extent, as a model for those interested in preparing and consider-
ing insurance codes and in the preparation and consideration of
bifis regulating some particular subjects or phases of insurance.
On behalf of the committee on insurance law, I move that the
committee be instructed to continue furnishing copies of the
code and information relating to it to those interested in such
legislation in the several states, and that the committee urge upon
the Congress the enactment of the code into law for the regulation
of insurance in the District of Columbia.
A. I. VORYS,
Ashley Cockrill,
_ James C. Jones,
Jakes B. Kerr,
SOOTT M. liOFTIN.
OF THB
STANDING COMMITTEE ON JURISPRUDENCE AND LAW
REFORM.
To the American Bar Assodaiion:
Your Committee on Jurisprudence and Law Reform respect-
fully reports as follows :
There are bills pending in Congress upon six subjects which
have been considered by this committee and which have been in
various forms considered by the Association. These are as
follows :
1. Thb Bill Bblatiko to Dsolaeatoby Judghbkts.
This subject was dealt with in our reports of 1920 and 1921.
After very dareful consideration of the subject^ and conference
with other members of the Association, we came to the conclusion
that the bill originally proposed by the committee and of which a
copy (Exhibit C) is annexed to our report for 1921 should be
amended and we prepared an amendment which is embodied in
H. R. 10143. A copy is annexed marked A. This was introduced
in the House of Representatives by Mr. Moores, of Indiana, who
is a member of the committee. The subject was very carefully
considered at the hearings before the Judiciary Committee of the
Senate, February 20, 1922, and the Judiciary Committee of the
House on the following day. Some of the Senators pointed out
that by legislation in some of the states, or by local practice, some
of the objects to be secured by the bill could be obtained under
the existing practice. But it is clear that there are many bene-
ficial purposes subserved by this practice of rendering declaratory
judgments in countries where it prevails, which could not be
obtained under any practice now existing in the United States.
We have pointed out this to the Judiciary Committee and annex
a brief statement of some of them to this report, marked B.
2. Writs of Ebbor and Appeals.
The bill on this subject abolishing writs of error and giving
the remedy by appeal in all cases where there is a right of review,
has been amended by the Judiciary Committee of the Senate and
(356)
jrUBIBPBUDBNOB AN1> LAW SEFOBK. 357
as amended has been favorably reported. We annex a copy of the
bill as reported to the Senate, marked C.
8. Rbmoval of Casbs to thb Federal Courts.
This subject has been under consideration by the Association
since 1919 and is dealt with in the report of the committee to
suggest remedies, etc, which was presented in 1919. The bill
recommended by the committee in 1921 is Exhibit A annexed to
the report of that year. This subject has elicited much interest,
owing to the conflict of the decisions in the different circuits.
There is certainly much ambiguity in the statutes which the
Supreme Court has said could only be removed by Congress. The
consideration thus given to the subject has led the committee to
recommend an amendment to the bill of which a copy was
reported in 1921. This bill is S. 1011, H. R. 10142.
When this matter was under consideration by the Judiciary
Conmaittee of the Senate, they requested this committee to draw a
bill which should embody in a federal statute^ the rule as to the
districts in which suits for personal injuries should be brought
which was adopted during the federal control of railroads. We
complied with this request and prepared a new section which we
propose as Section 5d-A to be ineoi^rated in the Judicial Code.
This amendment has been submitted by us to the Judiciary Com-
mittee of the Senate and is under consideration by them.
We annex a copy of this bill in this amended form, marked D.
4. Treaty Bights of Aliens.
The bill on this subject which was approved by the Association
in the year 1920 and of which a copy is annexed to the report for
that year, was introduced in the Senate by Senator Kellogg and
is S. 1942. The same subject is dealt with in the Anti-Lynching
Bill, H. R. 13, which passed the House and is now before the
Senate. Section 7 of that bill as to the treaty rights of aliens is
so separable from the subject of lynching, which is the main
purpoite of the bill, that constitutional objections to federal
legislation against lynching have no application to the section
enablinff the federal courts more efficiently to secure the treaty
rights of aliens. If the bill should be passed, we are of the opinion
that Section 7, which deals with the latter subject, would be
valid in any case. There seems no doubt of the power of Congress
to pass laws enforcing the provisions of valid treaties which are
dedared by the Constitution to be the supreme law of the land.
5. Loss OF Civil Bights.
The bill on this subject, recommended by this committee in
1921, a copy of which is embodied in our report for that year and
358 REPOBT OF 8TANDIN0 COMKITTEB OK
which was approved by the Association, has been introduced in
the present Congress and is S. 1546, and H. B. 5030. On this
subject also the committee has had a hearing, but at the date of
this report no action has been taken in either House*
6. Pleas op Quilty.
Senator Nelson has introduced a bill, S. 3245, which would
facilitate the practice in the federal courts in reference to
pleas of guilty. In some of the circuits persons accused of crime
who are willing to plead guilty, are often detained in confine-
ment for a considerable period before their cases can be brought
before the court, the plea received and sentence imposed. The
senator informs us that this bill is modelled from one that is
enforced in Minnesota which has worked well there. The com-
mittee at his request have considered the subject and in our
opinion the bill embodies a desirable reform.
The new subjects which have been referred to this committee
during the current year and concerning which no recent action has
been taken by the Association are as follows :
1. Fbbs and Expenses in the Federal Courts.
The committee was led to take up this subject by a speech of
Senator Norris delivered in the Senate in April, 1922, m which
he declared that .the expense of litigation in the federal courts
was much greater than it was in the state courts. He referred to
declarations by President Taft before he became Chief Justice
and by Senator Boot in which the expense of litigation was
referred to as a heavy burden upon the poor, and in which the
importance of improved procedure was emphasized. These
declarations were made before the passage of the act which has
been recommended by the Association and which was approved
February 26, 1919, C. 48 (Supplement, Barnes Federal Code,
Chapter 11, Section 1043), and which requires the court to give
judgment upon the entire record ^^ without regard to technical
errors, defects, or exceptions which do not affect the substantial
rights of the parties.'^ Senator Norris did not refer to this act.
It has undoubtedly diminished the delay and expense in the
federal courts and as it becomes better understood and more
efficiently enforced, the advantage will be increased.
There is one source of expense to litigants in the federal
courts which is generally absent in the state courts ; that is to say
in many state courts there are official stenographers paid by the
public. In the federal courts stenographers are paid by the liti-
gants. The committee recommended and the Association of 1910
approved the recommendation of a bill to authorize the appoint-'
JX7BIBPRTJDSN0B AND LAW BBFORH. 869
ment of stenographers in the federal courts (Reports, American
Bar Association, 1909, pp. 585, 605, 608; Ibid., 1910, pp. 622,
623), their salaries to be paid as those of judges are paid. The
committee was heard before the Judiciary Committee of Con-
gress upon this bill. It encountered opposition from the stenog-
ra]f»hers Union. The representative of that union expressed un-
willingness to have their compensation determined by the judges.
So far as we are advised, no action was taken by the Congressional
Committee on that subject. Our committee has recently re-
quested the introduction, of the same bill, amended so as to
conform to the reorganization of the federal courts, and we
hope in this way to remove one just cause of complaint
The subject of fees for services rendered by officials in the
federal courts was then taken up by this committee. It appeared
that in many states the complaint of the senator that official fees
were higher in the federal courts than they were in the state
courts was well founded. (Chapter 17 of Barnes Federal Code,
pp. 272-289, is entitled ''Fees and Compensation of Officers/'
Section 1141 leaves to each Circuit Court of Appeals the fixing
of costs and fees in that courts Section 1145 fixes the fees of
clerks. Section 1147 fixes the fees of marshals. Fees in bank-
ruptcy cases are fixed by the Act of July 1, 1898, Sees. 48, 52, 30th
Stat. 559, Barnes, Sections 9132, 9136.)
The annual report of the Attorney-General for
1921, page 145, gives the entire expense of
the United States Courts at $11,402,808.96.
On page 144 are the items '' received earnings ^
from individual and corporations by United
States Marshals, Exhibit 6, pp. 422-425. . . $217,429.62.
''Earnings from individuals and corporations
of United States District Courts '' $857,289.67.
The total of the receipts for fees is $1,074,719.29.
We learn from the Attorney-General that the expenditures thus
specified " cover the entire expenses of the federal courts.** Pre-
vious acts which permitted " certain officers to utilize earnings for
compensation and expenses, have been superseded by the Acts of
May 28, 1896, and February 26, 1919, all earnings being now
covered into the Treasury, with the exception of the earnings of
clerks of United States Circuit Courts of Appeals and certain
revenues in Alaska which are utilized for court expenses/'
A bill to diminish the expense of proceedings on appeal and
writs of error, was proposed by the committee and recommended
by the Association m 1909 (Beports, American Bar Association,
1909, pp. 587, 609 ; Ibid., 1910, p. 622). This bill was amended
in Congress and in its amended form passed and was approved
February 13, 1911, (35 Stat. 901; Barnes Federal Code, Sec.
360 BJBPOBT OF STANDING OOICMITTSB ON
1395). The Attorney-General in his laat report (page 4) states
that the language of this act as it passed is ambiguous and has
resulted in much confusioli in the matter of fees and other
charges. The Attorney-General informed us that Congress has
attempted no action upon his recommendation for an amendment
to this statute. Your committee is engaged in examining the
subject and hopes to be able to aid in removing the ambiguity
complained of.
2. Injunctions.
A bill H. B. 10212, was introduced in the House of Repre-
sentatives by Mr. Bachaxach, of New Jersey, January 31, 1922.
This bill provides " that no district or circuit court of the United
States or judges thereof, shall have jurisdiction to entertain any
bill ef complaint to suspend or restrain the enforcement, oper^
ation or execution of any order made by any administrative board
or commission in any state, acting under and pursuant to the
statutes of such state, where such order was made after hearings
upon notice, nor to entertain jurisdiction of any bill of complaint
to suspend or restrain the enforcement, operation or execution of
the statute under which such order was made in anv case where,
under the statute df that state, provision is made for a judicial
review of such order upon the law and the facts.'' There is a
proviso that the bill shall not apply to matters affecting inter-
state commerce. This subject of injunction was dealt with by the
committee in 1913. (Reports, American Bar Association, 1913,
pp. 555, 561, 575 ; Ibid., 1914, pp. 578-584. In these reports the
committee undertook to vindicate the existing law in reference to
injunctions and the practice imder it. Without repeating aU
that was said in these reports^ we quote from Report of 1913,
Ibid., 1913, pp. 559-561:
This complaint against injunctions is really the direct reverse of the
complaint which is also common, that l^al procedure is technical aiui
dilatory. The procedure in injunction cases is neither. Either party is.
at liberty to put in any evidence it diooses without retcard to the
technical rules which prevail in the ordinary trial of causes, and the
hearing is speedy. The whole arsenal of technical points by which cases
are often procrastinated is of no avail here.
The true purpose of an injunction is to prevent irreparable injury.
This may mean either injury that in the strict sense <d the word eannoi
in any way be made good, or an injury the consequences of which will
be such that the damage consequent upon it cannot be accurately
adjusted, and so cannot oe compensated by any money payment. In
theory, the injunction is the defense of the weak against the strooff.
Conditions of society are such that some men have power far greater
than others. This power may come from their greater wealth. It may
come from their organization and discipline. But from whatever source
it is detived, the fact of the power remains. Without the rifikt of
injunction it would be perfectly possible for such persons to commit
wrongs against their fellow citisens and then, having attained the object
they desu'e, sit down and calmly await the result of an action for
JUBI8FBX7DXNCB AND LAW BEFOBIC. 361
damagefl. In defendizig such an action, all the delays which are poanble
under our flystem of iurisprudence would be availed of, every technical
objection woidd be taken ; every possible appeal would be resorted to.
In many cases the plaintiff would not have the pecuniary means to
prosecute the suit to a conclusion; in many others the burden of con-
testing it would be so great that he would relinquish the contest and the
aggressor would remain in possession of the field. Under our present
system, when sudi an injury is threatened, the party who has reason to
apprehend it may apply to the court and obtain an order immediately
lomidding the aggressor to commit the wrong and requiring him to
show cause why he should not be permanently forbidden to commit it
during the pendency of the suit. The hearing in such a case is prompt.
The evidence, it is true, is by affidavit and not subject to cross-
OEamination, but in point of fact, the actual facts of the ease are generally
presented to the court. Both parties are heard by counsel ^nd the
court promptly passes upon their rights. In case of doubt, the injtmction
is refiued. But if the plaintiff has made out a clear case, it is granted.
The asgressor stiU has the right to a full trial in ordinary course, with
the ri^t of cross-examination of ^e adversary's witnesses. But in nine
cases out of ten he does not avail of this right. The injunction has
defeated his nefarious attempt to injure or destroy some one who for
some reason he wishes to assail, and he gives up the contest.*
We cannot close this |>art of our report better than by quoting from
the language of Mr. Justice Brewer in an address delivered in Brooklyn,
N. Y^ November 23, 1909.
" When the choice is between redress or prevention of injury by
force and by peaceful process, the law is well pleased if the individual
will consent to waive his nght to the use of force and await its
action. (In re Debs, 158 U. 8. 583.) , I
"Government by injunction has been an object of esgy denun^
ciation. So far from restricting its power, there never was a time
when its restricted and vigorous exercise was worth more to the
nation and for the best interests of all. As population becomes more
dense, as business interests multiply and crowd eadi other, the
restraining power of a court of equity is of far greater importance
than a pimishing power of a criminal law. The best scientific thought
of the day is along the lines of prevention rather than those of
cure. We aim to stay the spread of epidemics rather than to
permit them to run their course and attend solely to the work of
curing the sick. And shall it be said of the law, which claims to be
the perfection of reason and to express the highest thought of the
day, that it no longer aims to prevent the wrong but limits its
action to the matter of punishment?
^To take away the eouitable power of restraining wrong is a
step backward toward barbarism rather than a step forward toward
a higher civilisation Courts make misCkkes in granting
injunctions. 8o the^ do in other orders and decrees. Shall the
judicial power be taken away because of their occasional mi^bakes7
The argument would lead to the total abolition of Uie judicial
function.'*
The actum of the committee expressed in these reports was
approved by the Association.
Three hearings have been had upon this bill. At one of these^
a member of this committee, Mr. Harriman, attended and pointed
out the objections to it upon the grounds referred to in these
previous reports. The Chairman also presented a similar state-
862 RBPORT OF STANDING OOMMITTBB ON
*
ment. After conBiderin^ the gnbject caTefuUy, this committee
unanimously voted that it disapproved the bill. Information as
to this vote has been presented to the Judiciary Committee of the
House which has had the matter under consideration.
3. Stockholders Suits.
Complaint has been made to this committee that the law on
this subject was in an unsatisfactory condition and adapted to
encourage suits brought in the interest of attorneys and not for
the real benefit of clients. Your committee still has the subject
under consideration and will welcome suggestions regarding it
from members of the Association.
4. Increasing the Number op Judges in the Supreme Court.
This subject was dealt with in our last report. A bill has been
introduced in Congress (S. 3164, H. B. 10479) which undertakes
to deal with the congestion in the docket of the Supreme Court
by limitin|r the right of appeal to that tribunal. In effect, under
the provisions of this bill, the review of decisions, in almost aU
cases, of any circuit court of appeals would be by certiorari or a
certificate from the Circuit Court of Appeals. It is understood
that this bill has the approval of the justices of the Supreme
Court.
Your committee has considered this bill and approved it with
the amendment as to writs of error, before mentioned.
5. Jurisdiction op the Federal Courts in Actions por
Personal Injitries.
Your committee was requested by the Judiciaiy Committee of
the Senate to draw an act which would put in the form of law, a
rule similar to that which existed during the period of the federal
control of railroads. President Severance has joined in the
request and we have accordingly drawn an amendment which we
think might be very well added to our bill (H. R. 10142) in
reference to Bemoval of Causes. A copy of this bill thus amended
is appended, marked D. The reason given by the committee is
that ambulance chasers in different parts of the country get hold
of parties who have been 'injured in railroad accidents, and in
some way secure jurisdiction over railroads half way across the
continent from the place they operate, and bring suits. The bad
effects of this are two-fold — ^first, the defendant is embarrassed
in having to try its case in a foreign jurisdiction, in many cases a
great distance from where its witnesses are avidlable ; and^ second,
it is an imposition upon the foreign jurisdiction to maintain
courts for the trial of cases that do not arise i^i the district; and
which have no natural connection therewith*
JUBISPBUDBNOB AND LAW BBFOBK. SOS
We recommend for adoption the following resolutions :
Resolved, That this Aasociation approves the action of the Committee
on Jurisprudence and Law Reform, detailed in the foregoing report.
Resolved, That this Association instructs the said conmiittee to con*
tinue to promote the passage of the bills mentioned in said report,
which have had the approval of said committee.
All of which is respectfully submitted.
Everett P. Wheeler, Chairman,
Hbxby W. Taft,
Thomas J. O'Doknsll,
J. F. LouaHBOROUOH,
Samuel T. Douglas,
Egbert P. Shick,
John B. Hardin,
Tore Tbigen,
William Hunter,
Merrill Moores,
Luoibn Hugh Alexander,
Nathan W. MaoChesney,
Frank H. Noroross,
Oeorgb E. Beers,
Edward A. Harrihan,
Cofnmiitee.
August 18, 192^.
Mr. O'Donnell asks that it be distinctly stated that in his
judgment the Anti-Lynching Bill is unconstitutional and an
insidious attempt to aggrandise federal power, already grossly
overgrown. He would prefer that l^slation to protect the treaty
rights of Aliens should be in a separate bill as recommended by
the Association.
The committee was not asked to consider the Anti-Lynchinff
Bill until it was too late for us to confer upon this subject, and
the portion of the report relating to it expresses no approval of
the bill.
A-
H. R. 10143.
A BILL
• * • •
To Amend the Judicial Code by Adding a New Section to
BE Numbered 274D.
Be ii enacted by the Senate and House of Represeniaiives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled, Thiat the Judicial Code
approved March 3^ 1911, is hereby amended by adding after Section 2K740
to^'eofk a new section to be Dumbisred 274D, as foUows:
Section 274D (1) In cases of actual controveray in which if suits were
ijrought the courts of the United States would have jurisdiction, the
said courts upon petition shall have jurisdiction to declare rights and
other le^l relations on request of interested parties for such declaration)^
S5i REPOBT OF STANDING OOMMITTEB ON
whether or not further relief is or could be priced, and such declarations
shall have the force of final decree and be reviewfli>ie as such.
(2) Further relief based on declaratory decree may be granted whenever
necessarjr or proper. The application shall be by petition to a court
having jurisdiction to grant the relief. If the application be deemed
sufficient the court shall, on reasonable notice, require any adverse party
whose riffhts have been adjudicated by the declaration, to show cause
why further relief should not be granted forthwith.
(3) When a declaration of right or the granting of further relief based
thereon shall involve the determination of issues of fact triable by a
jury, such issues may be submitted to a juiy in the form of interroga-
tories, with proper instructions by the court, whether a general veitliet
be required or not.
(4) The Supreme Court may adopt rules for the better enforcement
and regulation of this provision.
B.
CASES IN WHICH THE ENGLISH COUHTS HAVE
GRANTED DECLARATORY RELIEF.*
A declaration us to an employer's future rights tmder an agreement
for service. Thompson Bros. & Co. V9. Amis (1917), a Ch. 211.
Whether certain debentures issued by a company were valid. In re
North Eastern Insurance Co. (1919), 1 (jh. 198.
Declaration to determine whether a payment of £200 per annum " free
of all duties" was free from income tax. Pratt vs. Gamble (1917),
2 Ch. 140. Affirmed (1917), 2 Ch. 401.
Action by a company to have one Green and not one Hopkinson de-
clared the owner of certain stock therein. In re Indo China Steam
NavigaUon Co. (1917), 2 Ch. 100.
Action to determine who were entitled to funds in a company no
longer of service to the contributors thereto. Robson V9. Attorney-
General (1917), 2 Ch. 18.
Action by a riiareholder against the compaziy for a declaration as to
his share of the profits for certain years. Evling va, Israel ic Oppenheimer
(1918), 1 Ch. 101.
Question whether a tenant holding over under a lease for a year and a
fraction could have his tenancy terminated by a notice expiring on the
date the tenancy was entered into or on the date it terminated. Croft vt.
filay (1919), 1 Ch. 277.
Plaintiff engaged a manager at an annual salary plus commission on
the ''net profits" of the year. It sought a declaration whether com-
mission should be on "net profits" before or after excess duty to
Crown was deducted. Patent Castings Indicate, Lt. vs. Etherington
(1919), 1 Ch. 306.
Declaration whether a notice dismissing a teacher and refusing to pay
further salary was vatid under the circumstances stated. Martin vs.
Eccldi. Corporation (1919), 1 Ch. 387.
Husband and wife entered into a separation agreement whereby he
agreed to pay her £9 every Wednesday. He brings action to determine
'whether he may deduct income tax from future payments. Wasmuth v$.
Janes (1918), 2 Ch. 54.
Action by a purchaser to obtain a declaration that an agreement for
the sale of a leasehold had been dissolved because the vendor's attorney
«
■■■- '■ ■■■■■^» <,,i ■■■i. I I,*
*Prom Article by Hon. A. J. Vinje, Justice of Wisconsin Supreme
Court, Marquette, April, 1920, pp. 108-110.
JDBISPBUIXBNCB AKD UlW BBFOBM. 865
ia faeiy who made the sale, had become a public enemy. Tingle vt .
MuUer (1917), 2 Ch. 144.
A leflKe eeoured a lease of premises for 30 irears to eommence in 1946,
more than 21 years after its date. The Land Registrar was in doubt as to
whether it was entitled to registry because it was thought to offend the
rale against perpetuities. Mann, Crossnan A Paulin Vi, Land Reitfstry
(1918)» 1 Ch. 202.
A company's articles provided that ''the instrument appoiiiting a
prooy shall be deposited at the registered office of the company not lesi
than two clear days before the day for holding the meeting at which the
person named in such instrument iNroposep to vote." Held that proxies
lodged between the dates of an original meeting and the adjournment
thereof were invalid, the adjourned meeting being merely a continuation
of the original meeting. McLaren v$, Thompson (1917), 2 Ch. 41.
Affirmed on appeal (1917), 2 Ch. 261.
Declaration whether the lessors of certain premises were entitled to
pasnnent in full for the amount necessary to put leasehold in as good
condition as the lease stipulated— <the lessee having gone into liquidation,
or whether lessors must prove for it in liq[uidation and take their pro-
portionate share. (1919), 1 Ch. 416.
Declaration as to the meaning of a contract for the sale of two plots
of land " and buildings, material, etc." Held that the words " etc." did
not extend to a right of way not mentioned and that the conveyance'
should exclude it. In re Walmsley & Shaws Contract (1917), 1 Ch. 93.
A manager hired at an annual yearly salary plus 6% on promts in
excess of escpenses, interest on preferred and oroinary shares. Held that
he was entitled to 5% of the excess profits before excess profit duty
was paid to the crown. William Hollins & Co., Limited V9. Paget
(1917), 1 Ch. 187.
Question whether a railroad act authorised a subsequent railway to
construct its roadbed across a former one by means of an embankment
or by means of a trestle. Tafif Vale Ry. Co. v$. Cardiff Ry. Co. (1917),
1 Ch. 299.
The purchase price of a business to be one-third of the ''net
profits " for a certain number of years. Held that excess duty to crown
must be deducted before " net profits" were to be divided, Condran vi.
Stark (1917), 1 Ch. 639.
In the third session of the 65th Congress Professor Borchard of Yale
submitted a brief to the Judiciaiy Committee upon the bill that was then
pending in reference to Declaratory Judgments. This brief was printed
and is a very able statement of the argument. We quote one paragraph
from page 46, which is as follows:
"Coming now to the numerous questions whidi have involved
the construction and interpretation of contracts, actions have on
several occasions been instituted for a \ declaration that a certain
contract was no longer binding on the plaintiff or was binding on
the defendant. Among the former of these cases, which seeks a
negative tleclaration of privilege (absence of duty), the case of
Societe Maritime et Commerciale vs, Venus Steam Shipping Co.
(Ltd.) ih a leading one. Here the plaintiff had undertaken by
contract to load ore on steamers to be fiimiflhed by one L^ the
alleged assignor of the defendants, for five years. The plaintiffs
claimed that there was no valid assignment to the defendants, that
L. was not the defendants' agent, and that there was no novation.
As the original contract had over a year still to run, and as plaintiffs
did not wish to break it and subject themselves to an action for
damages, they availed themselves of the valuable privilege of seek-
ing from the court a declaration that the contract Wad^ nb longer
366 JUBIS^EUDEKeB AND LAW BBVOBK.
binding on them. In making the deelaration sought, Channel, J.,
remarked: (1904) 9 Com. Cas. 289.
''Showing a neceanty of a decision upon it, I think thesr are
entitled to a declaration as to whether or not the contract is binding
upon them. They are not bound at their p«ril to perform it and
then to be liable to heavy damages for. not performing it for the
space of the next one and one-half years. If th^ are wrong, they
would be liable for damiages down to the time of the judgment of*
the court while* they are refusing to perform; but upon 2ie court
saying that they were bound, they would then say: ' We will not go
on with it for the remainder of the time.' I think that is a suflifiient
reason for making the declaration."
4
c.
REPORT, JUDICIARY COMMITTEE, SENATE,
APRIL 20, 1922.
Calbndab No. 633 ; Sbnatb Rbpobt, No. 686.
Be it enacted, etc^ That the writ of error in cases civil and criminal is
abolished. All reUef which heretofore could be obtained by writ qf
error shall hereafter be obtainable by appeal.
Sec. 2. An appeal mav be taken by serving upon the adverse party
or his attorney of record, and by filing in Uie. office of the clerk with
whom the judgment or order appealed from is entered a written notice
to the effect that the appellant appeals from the judgment or order or,
from a apecified part Uiereof. No petition of ftJPp^l or allowance of an
appeal shall be required: Provided however, Tnat before such appeal
shall become effective, the appellant shall furnish the same security as
is now provided by Section lOOO of the Revised Statutes of the United
States in case of writs of error.
D.
A BILL
To Ambnd the Judicial Code.
Be it enacted by the Senate and HoiLee of RepreeenUUivee of tha
United State9 of America in Congreee aeeembled. That Sec. 28 of the
Judicial Code, approved March 3, 1911, is hereby amended by adding
thereto the following:
" The district court for the proper district to which the suit in the
state court is removable is the district court of the United States
for the judicial district, ^or if such district be divided, for the division
of the judicial district in which such state court is located. Provi-
sions, of law describing the district courts of the United States in
which suits shall be brought do not apply to, nor affect the removal
jurisdiction of district courts, nor the removability of suits thereto."
Sbc. 2. The Judicial Code is hereby amended by adding after Section
53 an additional section to be known as Section 53-A :
Sbc. 53-A. In suits to recover damages for injuries to the person
or for the death of any person, the action must be brought either
(a) In the district in which the plaintiff resided at the time ol the
injury, or
(b) In the district in which is located the principal place of
business of the defendant, or
(c) In the district in which the injury occurred.
REPORT
or THB
COMMITTEE ON ADMIRALTY AND MARITIME LAW.
To thf American Bar Assodatian:
The Committee on Conrts of Admiralty begs leave to report as
follows :
On January 3, 1922, the Supreme Court handed down a
decision in the case of the Western Maid and the Ca/rolinim,
granting writs of prohibition to prevent United States District \
Courts from exercising jurisdiction of proceedings in rem for ■
collisions which occurred while the vessels libeled were owned,
absolutely or pro hac vice, by the United States, and employed
in the public service.
The result of this decision is to emphasize the need of a
statute permitting suits against the Government for collision.
On the Continent of Europe suit may be brought against the
Government for torts, and in Great Britain, where a collision
occurs with a King^s diip, the private suitor may bring an action
in the ordinary courts against the commanding omcer of the
ship, and the representative of the Crown appears and defends
catisa honoris and pays any judgment that may be recovered.
Here in our Republic the maxim that "The King can do no
wrong '* is given full force and effect.
By the Act of March 9, 1920, where a Government vessel is
employed as a merchant vessel, suit is permitted. For damage
through the negligence of a war or naval vessel, there is no
remedy except by a special Act of Congress, and it often takes
years to secure the necessary legislation. To meet this situation
a bill was prepared by the Maritime Law Association of the
United States and introduced at the last session of Congress by
Mr. Husted of New York (H. R. 6266, 67th Congress, First
Session). This was reported favorably by the Judiciary Com-
mittee, but failed of passage. A similar measure is now pending
in the House. It authorizes suit to be brought against the United
States in Admiralty for collisions caused by and salvage servibea
rendered to public vessels belonging to the United S^tes. We
recommend tiiat the Association approve this bill and authorize
your Committee to urge its enactment.
(367)
368 REPOBT OF COMMITTBB OK
Two subjects of great importance to the maritime interests of
this country will be brought before the International Conference
on Maritime Law, which is expected to reconvene in Brussels
within the next few months. The last sessions of the Conference
were held in Brussels in 1909 and 1910. Tweiity-five maritime
nations, including the United States, attended the conference^
and signed two conventions or treaties, one on salvage and the
other on collisions. The salvage treaty, which did not depart in
any material respect from our own law, was submitted to the
Senate and ratified, and on August 1, 1912, Congress passed an
Act carrying out the provisions of the treaty.
The other treaty relating to collisions departed radically from
our law; apportioning damage in case of fault on the part of two
or more vessels according to the degree of fault, thus adopting
the rule long in force on the Continent of Europe and abandoning
the British and American judicium rusticum, by which, in case of
fault on the part of two colliding vessels, the damages are divided
equally. This treaty has been ratified by every nation repre-
sented at the Conference except the United States. The treaty
was never submitted to the Senate and reposes in the pigeon-holes
of the Department of State.
At the Brussels Conference of 1910 projets, or draft treaties,
on the subject of hypothecations and liens, and also on limitation
of ship-owners' liaoility, were prepared, and these will come up
for consideration at the next session of the Conference. At a
recent meeting of the Maritime Law Association of the United
States these two draft treaties were considered, and resolutions
were adopted recommending that our Government send delegates
to the next meeting of the Brussels Conference, with instructions
to secure, so far as possible, a reasonable and uniform law for
limitation of ship owner's liability. This subject has become a
most important one to the United States, owing to the large
increase in our merchant marine. It is desirable that there
should be one uniform law of liability so that, in whatever country
a ship may be, the owner may know the limit of his liability, and
not be subject to the chance of the port in which his ship is
found.
As to the draft treaty on hypothecations and liens on vessels,
the Maritime Law Association recommended that our Govern-
ment should not approve the treaty either in principle or in
detail. In the opinion of that Association, the subject of liena
ifi peculiarly a national question, not an international one. Our
system of liens differs materially from that of other countries,
and is expressed in tiie Act of Congress passed June 23, 1910, and
re-enacted in the Merchant Marine Act, 1920, No. 30, sub-
sections P, Q, B, S and T.
ADMIBALTY A2SD iCARITIME lAW. 369
This part of our report is merely for the information of mem-
bers of the Association. We do not recommend any action
thereon at this time.
BoBT. M. Hughes,
Pitz-Henry Smith, Jh.,
Chaeles C. Burlinoham,
Harvey D. Godlder,
Edward J. McCutchbn.
REPORT
or THB
COMMITTEE ON UNIFORM JUDICIAL PROCEDURE.
To the American Bar Association:
Recommendations.
(1) That every member of the Bar Association will imme-
diately communicate with his Senators and Congressmen request-
ing a prompt report of H. R. 2377 from the Committee on the
Judiciary of the House and the same bill S. 2870, introduced by
Senator Kellogg in the Senate at the present session of Congress.
While the opposition is energetic a majority is assured. It is
only necessary for the committees to report.
(2) That such state bar associationfi as have not already done
so, be respectfully requested to create state committees with a
central chairman and a member from each congressional district
to cooperate with your committee in carrying out the instructions
of this Association. A form of the resolution will be found Sfl
an appendix hereto.
(3) That these state committees shall function by instituting
independent campaigns with reference to their own Senators and
Representatives in Congress and otherwise, according to their
good judgment. Certain statesmen are not only refusing to
observe the recommendations of their state bar associations, but
are using their influence to prevent a report by the Judiciary
Committee, so that a vote may be had on the floor of the Senate
and House.
(4) That this committee be continued.
Report.
We reported in 1921 that the bill (S. 1214) was introduced
in the Senate by Senator Frank B. Kellogg, was referred to the
Committee on the Judiciary and in turn was referred to a sub-
committee of three composed of Senators Colt (Chairman),
Dillingham and Walsh of Montana. No action whatever was
taken by them. Senators Colt and Dillingham kindly expressed
themselves as favoring the bill. Senator Walsh expressed him-
self as being opposed to it. A majority of the Judiciary Com-
mittee and a majority of the Senators were in favor of it. The
(370)
UNIFORM JUDICIAL PBOCBDUBB. 871
earnest and sustained efforts of yonr committee, supported by
the most influential^ industrial and commercial organizations as
well as lawyers and judges of national reputation proved im-
availing. Many state bar associations in formal resolutions re-
quested the committee t6' report. A copy of the reeolution
adopted by the bar associations of Illinois, Virginia and Penn-
sylvania vrill be found as an appendix to this report. The state
bar associations of California, Georgia, Arkansas, Indiana, Louis-
iana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, New Hampshire, North
Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oregon, Washington, Wisconsin
and Wyoming also adopted it in substantially the same form.
Forty-five state bar associations have endorsed the program.
The waif to bring dboui the passage of the bill is to respectfully
but earnestly impress upon the Senate that the judges and lawyers
as well as commerce, expect a report. It is diifficult to believe that
the request will not be respected.
The Executive Committee at its mid-winter meeting adopted
the following resolution :
Wbibbas, the American Bar Association, after due deliberation, has
for nine years in succession unanimously endorsed a Bill having for its
purpose the modernisation and uniformity of the procedwe and practice
of the Federal Courts; and
Whereas, the said Bill has been introduced in each Conffrees during
said period and has been formally referred to the Judiciary Committees
of the Senate and House respectively; and
Whereas, the said Bill, with one exception, has been withheld in com-
mittee instead of being reported, although a majority of the members
of the Judiciaiy Conmuttees and a large majority of Senators and
Representatives have expressed themselves as favorable to the measure;
ana
. Whereas, a proper respect for the request of a substantial number of
citizens ana the petition of the organized Bar of America renders it only
common justice that the Bill be reported out so that the members of
the respective Houses may register their vote upon the same ;
Resolved^ that the £2xecutive Committee of the American Bar Aaao-
ciation, in regular session assembled, on this 9th day of January, 1922,
respectfully requests the Judicial^ Committee of the United States
Senate to make a report upon the said Bill No. S. 2870, introduced by
Honorable Frank B. Kellogg at the request of the American Bar
Association.
Re^olped, further, that a copy of this resolution be sent by mail to the
President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House, and to each
member of the Judiciary Committees of the Senate and House
respectively.
Copies were sent as directed which was followed by hearings
before. the House Judiciary Committee on February 14 and 21
and March 7, and before the Senate Judiciary Committee on
Febmary 20. Neither of these committees has reported (June
I, 1922). The proceedings before the House Committee have
been printed and are being distributed. Members are requested
to apply to their Congressmim for copies describing the same as
372 BBFORT OF COMHITTSB ON
*^ Hearing before the House Jddiciary Oommitteey Si3±r-6eTenih
Congress^ Second Session on H. R 237? and H. B. 90, Serial 3S,
February 14 and March 7, 1922/' The Senate proceeding was
too badly reported by the stenographer to be of service.
A bill^ known as ^^H. K. 90/' introduced by Congressman
Logan^ sought to continue the present federal practice in an
aggravated form and deserves ilie opposition it has encountered.
It is in the following form :
A BILL
To Makb the Pbaotiob in the Unitkd States Distriot
Courts Conform to the Praoticb op the State Courts
OF THE State in Which the Unitbd States District
Courts Are Held.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rejjreeentatives of the
United States of America m Congress assembled. That the practice of
the United States district courts m the drawing, impanehnfc, publishing
of the list of jurors and the charge of the judge to the juiy shall
conform in all respects as nearly as can be done to the practice of the
highest court of the State in which jurors are used in which the
United States court is held.
Sbc. 2. That it diaU be the duty of the judge in all cases, civil and
criminal, to have the testimony of the witneans taken down by s
stenographer.
Sic. 3. That on all appeals to the Circuit Court of Appeals in civil
and criminal cases the practice followed on appeals to the highest court
of the Stato in which the United States distnct court is sitting shall be
followed.
Sac. 4.— That the provisions of this Act diall be held to be mandatory
and not directory.
The bill H. R. 2377 and S. 3870 was favorably reported in
1017 under the leadership of Senator George Sutherland of
ntah^ but too late for action at that session. The names of the
few Senators who opposed it are given in ^* Appendix B.''
The Present Session.
(a) in the senate.
As soon as the present session of Congress convened^ the usual
conference was held in Washington with friends of the American
Bar Association's program. Senator Frank B. Kellogg was
selected to become the patron and he promptly introduced the
bill. A hearing was had on February 20^ 1922, before a sub-
committee composed of Senator Ernst, Chairman, and Senators
Cummins, Shoitridge, Shields and Ashurst. There were also
E resent Senators Colt, Overman and Spencer, who favored the
ill, and Thomas J. Walsh of Montana who opposed it h$ca/use
of ihe inconvenience a change in pleading and procedure would
oflMMe io lawyers. This is dealt witii later.
unifosk judicial pbooxdubb. 878
(b) in the house.
Chairman Andrew J. Volstead introduced the bill (H. B.
8377). There were three hearings, viz. : February 14 and 21 and
March 7. The Committee now has the bill under consideration.
The members of the Association will greatly aid by communicate
ing with their respective Senators and Congressmen and particu*
larly with the members of the two Judiciary Committees of the
Senate and House.
The personnel of the present Senate Judiciary Committee is as
follows :
Enute Nklson, of Minnesota, Chairman.
William P. Dillingham, of Vermont.
Frank B. Bbanbeobb, of Connecticut.
William K Borah, of Idaho.
Albert B. Cummins, of Iowa.
LbBaron B. Colt, of Bhode Island.
Thomas Sterling, of South Dakota.
Oeorgb W« Norris, of Nebraska.
Richard P. Ernst, of Kentucky.
Samuel M. Shortridge, of California.
Charles A. Culberson, of Texas.
Leb S. Overman, of North Carolina.
James A. Besd, of Missouri.
Henry F. Ashurst, of Arizona.
John K. Shields, of Tennessee.
Thomas J. Walsh, of Montana.
The House Judiciary Committee is as follows :
Andrew J, Volstead, of Minnesota, Chairman.
George S. Graham, of Pennsylvania.
L. C. Dter, of Missouri.
Joseph Walsh, of Massachusetts.
C. Prank Reavis, of Nebraska.
David 6. Classon, of Wisconsin.
W. D. Boies, of Iowa.
Charles A. Christopherson, of South Dakota.
Richard Yates, of Illinois.
Wells Goodykoontz, of West Virginia.
Ira G. Herset, of Maine.
Walter M. Chandler, of New York.
Israel M. Foster, of Ohio.
Earl C. Michener, of Michigan.
Andrew J. Hickby, of Indiana.
Robert Y. Thomas, Jr., of Kentucky.
Hatton W. Sumners, of Texas.
874 BSP0KI OF GOMMITTBB ON
Andrew J. Montagub, of Virginia.
Jahbs W. Wi8By of Georgia.
John Tillman^ of Arkansas.
Fbed H. Dominiok, of South Carolina.
Former Attorney-General McEeynolds advocated the bill in his
official report, and former Attorney-General Gregory wrote to
Senator Overman of the Judiciary Committee, the patron of the
bill in a prior session, commending it and seeking its passage!
Former Attorney-General Palmer was one of the original advo-
cates of rules of court Chairman Nelson of the Senate and
Chairman Volstead of the House Judiciary Committee are strong
advocates of the bill. Both Senate and House favor it by a large
majority. Both Senators Overman and Culberson, the senior
minority members, have been patrons of the bill. Senator Cul-
berson's letter to the committee was published in 1919 report ol
the committee.
Bbasons fob Dblat.
Legislative conditions in 1922 at Washington have not mate-
rially changed. Senators and members of the House who favored
the measure and have frankly so expressed themselves to the
great encouragement of your committee, have been good enough
to promise to give immediate attention when a report is made
by the Judiciary Committee, They have felt obliged to devote
their time to special public matters confided to their individual
care to the extent that they have not been able to give this bill the
individual attention hoped for. Otherwise it is believed the bill
would have been reported out and passed regardless of a certiiin
individual opposition that has always been and always will be
opposed to it. The influence of the American Bar Association
has not been felt in Washington during the past years to the
extent that it is at present. There seems to be a growing realiza-
tion of the determination of the lawyers to perfect the administra-
tion of justice in America. " In view of the criticism of delay
by the Senate Judiciary Committee it will serve a purpose to
name the personnel of your Committee on Uniform Judicial Pro-
cedure, other than the present members, who have presented
the American Bar Association's recommendation to Congress:
William B. Hornblower, Louis D. Brandeis, Joseph N. Teal,
Lawrence Maxwell, William Howard Taft, C. A. Severance and
Jno. P. Briscoe.
Aid op State Bae Associations,
Your committee is deeply gratified to be able to report the
assistance and sympathy it is receiving from State Bar Associa-
tions. Many of them have adopted the resolution first passed by
UNIFORM JUDICIAL PROCBDUKE. 375
the Pennsylvaiiia Bar Association in 1915 (Appendix C) creat*
ing a committee of one member from each Congressional District
with a central chairman. These state committees co-operate en-
thnsiastically and patriotically and make it possible to present
perscmally to a greater portion of the Bar as well as to Congress
the merits of the effort to modernize the procedure of the courts
and make possible a greater certainty of justice in America. It
is beliveed that far better results can be obtained in this way in
inspiring a greater indlTidual participation ; in showing the great
merit of uniformity of procedure and interpretation as well as of
lawy and in impressing upon Congress the time-honored truth
that '' justice is the greatest interest of man on earth ^' and that
its proper administration ought to be a first, instead of a last
consideration on the part of the Legislative Department of
Government.
As OUT eflPorts at Washington must continue another year, your
committee again sets down some familiar facts.
The Purpose of the Bill.
The exact words of the bill will be found in " Appendix A " to
this report. It is the same bill that ha^ been introduced regularly
for nine years.
The purpose and effect of the bill is to give to the Supreme
Court of the United States the authority to make rules governing
the entire procedure in cases at law to the same extent that it
now has power to regulate the procedure in equity and admiralty
and the bankruptcy courts. Nothing novel is involved.
The Only Legislation Needed. The Bench and Bar
Will Do the Rest.
This short bill is all the legislation at present required. To
the student and the thoughtful man it is the key that will unlock
the door to a new era of scientific judicial relations. It wUl set
the judges and lawyers free to perfect the machinery of the courts
for which they are held solely responsible by laymen. It is the
principle adopted by England more than fifty years ago. The
united Bench and Bar will cooperate in first constructing and
then in gradually perfecting a simple, correlated, scientific system
of rules of procedure and practice in lieu of the present com-
plicated ^^ federal practice.^' It is intended that this system of
rules Ab1\ embrace all the merits and none of the vices of both
the " common law ^^ and '* code " pleading. Its merit will be a
patriotic effort to administer, instead of impeding justice, by
the lawyer who is now sworn to uphold all procedural statutes,
olikough they obstruct jusUce. This is reaily the crux of the
376 BBPOBT OF COMICITTBE ON
plan, f or judicature would then command the aid and eympathy
of the lawyers instead of an enforced hostility. Moreover, the
criticisms of laymen would be directed in a harmless manner to a
personally responsible and responsiYe agency, ready to afford
instant relief against procedurai hardships. The Judge would
f solve procedural difiSculties by seeing to it that the case is brought
speedily to issue on its merits through timely amendments to the
pleadings as recommended or as may appear necessary. This is
the way it has always been done in admiralty and is now done in
equity and no reason has been shown why it should not be also
done on the law side, except the one given by a Senaior thai leanp-
ing the new system might inconvenience someone I
The Origin and End op Confobmitt (S. 8914 E. S.).
It will be helpful to be mindful of the history and evolution of
the present federal practice. The idea of conforming to the prac-
tice of each state, we are told by the Supreme Court (Bk. w. Hal-
stead, 10 Wheat. 51-59, 6 L. ed. 264, 265), was induced by the
mistaken theory that '' state systems then in actual operation, well
known and understood and the propriety and expediency of adopt-
ing which they would well judge of and determine,^' would con-
tinue. Constant, unscientific legislation finally created a condi-
tion that caused the Supreme Court to declare tiiat, ^' To conform
to such statutes of a state would unnecessarily encumber the ad-
ministration of the law as well as tend to defeat the ends of Jus-
tice in the national Tribunals.^' (Bk. vs. Hdstead, Supra^)
Thereupon followed legislative amendments and judicial rules
until ^Mexican Ry. Co. vs. Pinckney, 149 U. S. 205, 7) an entire
control of the procedure, after the judgment is entered, and fifty-
odd notable exceptions to conformity (See Appendix E) have
created a new and distinct body of unrelated procedure known
as *' federal practice/' To the average lawyer it is Sanskrit; to
the experienced federal practitioner it is a monopoly; to the
author of text books on federal practice it is a golden harvest.
A Beplt to Certain Objections.
While objections are rare, it will serve a usef id purpose to make
reply to the few offered in the Senate to the Bar Association's
program.
They seem to revolve around the political fear of inconvenient
ing lawyers, instead of facilitating the administration of Justice
and benefiting litigants.
One objection, was to any change in the federal or state prao-
tice at all because some lawyers might be inconvenienced in having
to learn a new system. The answer is that the lawyers have not
UNIFOBM JUDICIAL PBOCEDUBJB. 877
sunk so low that they would put their personal comfort or adyan*
tage or eyen their liyes ahead of the sacred duty of assuring a rea-
sonable certainty of justice or of improving their noble and re-
sponsible profession. Viewing it in a lighter sense, it as if one
rebelled against the laws of sanitation because of the trouble of
takinff a bath. The buffers hwve accepted and are profiting by a
complete reorgamzaiion of their business Lawyers have suffi-
ciently demonstrated that they are equally as patriotic.
«
Thsbb Will Be Littls to Learn.
The second objection was that the small pracHtioner and the
country lawyer could not afford to learn the new system for the
few cases he would command. This connotes a spirit of selfish-
ness and lack of patriotism unjust to the lawyers of small pra(>-
tice, who have always stood for the best in American life and its
advancement because they had the time as well as the disposition
to give thought to purely public matters. Their voice has been
oftener heard upon the Hustings than that of any other vocation.
But the objectioir will be accepted with a grain of humor by ac-
tive practitioners in the Admiralty, Bankruptcy and Eauity
Courts. There will be but little to learn in the simple correlated
system of rules that will be prepared by the United Sta>tes Su-
Sreme Court with the aid and suggestions of lawyers and judges,
[oreover, all classes of lawyers wiU start upon the same level and
all will have had an opportunity to participate in its preparation
and thus become familiar at first hand with its every detail. The
objection is likewise a reflection upon the ability or the good
intention of America's Oreat Tribunal. There will be no techni-
calities and no pitfalls to avoid. The Statute expressly provides
that the Supreme Court shall see to that. The English did it in
1873 without inconvenience and to their great satisfaction. There
will be few to deny tiiat American lawyers can do as much, even
though they be inconvenienced. American lawyers^ and judges
have been so long harassed by a technical and difficult court
procedure, that requires intense studfi and great familiarity, that
some have lost all sense of the possibility of a perfectly simple
procedure.
The Small Practitionkb Will Pbopit.
But it is manifest that the small practitioner will be substan-
tially benefited because, with a uniform system of simple court-
made rules, he will find the door of no federal court closed in his
face and will no longer need the association of one of the expert
fedetal court practitioners now found at every Bar. They will
start in together with the new system. It is the experts who
378 BBPOBT OF COHMITTBE ON
would' be expected to oppose this bill upon selfish groiinds bnt
they have been too patriotic to do it. The objection is as unworthy
as it is unfounded because it places the small practitioner in the
attitude of being willing to defeat improvement in the administrar
tion of justice for the sake of his personal convenience or profit,
as has been pointed out, a sentiment that we feel assured will b^
promptly repudiated when brought to their attention.
Uniformipy Will Be Made Possible and Attractive.
Another objection is that attention was first directed to , the
improvement of the procedure of the federal courts instead of to
that of the state courts. It is obvious that the federal courts were
iirst given consideration by the Bar for profoundly logical reasons
that will now be set out. (a) The conceded failure of the efiForts
of the fo.deral courts to conform to the pra( tice of the state courts
(Bank t;^. Halstead, Supra) demonstrated the necessity for a
change, (b) A second and greater reason is that a simple scien-
tific correlated system of rules, such as will be prepared and
promulgated by the Supreme Court of the United States for use
in the federal district courts, will prove an attractive model for
the respective states to adopt for their courts.
The Benefits to Be Derived.
The benefits to be derived from this course may be summed
up as follows, viz. : (1) A modernized, simplified, scientific, cor-
related system of federal procedure meeting the approval of the
Federal Supreme Court and participated in by the judges and
lawyers. (2) The improvement of state court procedure through
the adoption of the federal system as a modeU (3) The posai-
bility and the probability of state uniformity through the same
course. (4) The institution of court rules in lieu of the statutory
or common law procedure or common law procedure modified by
statute, and (5) the foundation for fixed interstate judicial re-
lations, as permanent and correlated as interstate commercial
relations. (6) The advantage of the personal participation of
the lawyers and judges in the creation and gradual perfecting of
a scientific system of rules. (7) The certainty of immediately
detecting an imperfection and the promptness with which it can
be corrected. (8) The doing away with the long time now nec-
essary for the simplest relief at the hands of Congress because
of the multitude of other business pressing for attention upon
that great body of statesmen. (9) The doing away with the force
of law now possessed by every procedural statute and the substitu-
tion therefor of a system of flexible judge-made rules^ not liable
to reversible error if justice be done by the judgment entered.
UKIFOBM JUDICUL PROCEDUBB. 879
(10) It is the only way that nation-wide uniformity is poflsible,
and yet not compulsory, the psychology of which is important
where state pride is an element. (11) It will awaken a keen sense
of responsibility and a new and an unselfish participation on the
part of the members of the Bench and Bar. (12) It will create
an equable diYision of power and duty between the legislative and
judicial departments of government.
An Analysis of thb Effbct of the Statutb.
The trouble with the procedure of the courts is due to the fact
that coordination between these two departments of government
has been destroyed by exclusive legislative control. The proposed
bill would vest in the Supreme Court the exclusive power to pre-
pare for the trial courts all necessary rules and regulations and
gradually perfect them. It divides all judicial procedure into two
dasses, viz.: (a) jurisdictional and fundamental matters and
general procedure and (b) the rules of practice directing the
manner of bringing parties into court and the course of the court
thereafter. The first class goes to the very foundation of the
matter and may aptly be denominated the legal machine through
which justice is to be administered, as distinguished from the
actual operation thereof and lies exclusively with the legislative
department. It prescribes what the courts may do, who shall be
the parties participating, and fixes the rules of evidence and all
important matters of procedure. The second concerns only the
practice, the manner in which these things shall be done, that is
the details of their practical operation. Concisely stated, the first
or legislative class provides what the courts may do, while the
second or judicial class regulates how they shall do it. It is de-
sired to he emphasized that the statute mil necessitate no aitera-
tion of the present procedure upon any jurisdictional or fvnddr
mental matter; that the Congress can repeal it at its pleasure and
that the proposed rules tvill not have the effect of a statute.
Post Bellum Couet Buhdens.
Its predictions having been already partially vindicated, your
committee asks permission to again repeat a portion of its 1918
report, by way of accentuating the necessity for prompt legislative
action in simplifying the procedure of the courts. Additional
judges wiU partially but they cannot wholly relieve the situation.
" American courts face substantially increased tasks and re-
sponsibilities growing out of the war and the hasty preparation
therefor, as well as from new theories that may become perma-
nently engrafted, that must be expeditiously and properly met
880 ESPORT OP COMMITHEB ON
immediately upon the declaration of peace. There will arise
enormous problems of reconstructing industrial, social and polit-
ical conditions and the judicial machinery of the government
should be prepared to meet the extraordinary stress that will be
put upon it as soon as peace is declared. For that reason the
necessary legislation should not await the actual coming of peace.
Moreover, there ia much to be done after Congress has acted.
England is alive to the burden of this new responsibility. Justice
as well as liberty must be assured to America. They are coordi-
nate elements in a democracy. From the neglect of either will
follow governmental difficulties and eventuiu disaster. Mani-
festly, if the courts are not prepared to cope with the demands
now made upon them they must dismally fail under an additicmal
strain.'^
For twelve yeara Con^ss has ignored the matured recom-
mendation of the organized judges and lawyers looking to a
scientific, more economical and simple court procedure. The
great commercial and civic organizations have manifested their
warm sympathy and support. It remains for the lawyers to make
their influence felt, and indeed become persuasive. They and not
Congress are held responsible for the present unsatisfactory ad-
ministration of jufitice. The committee hopefully appeals to the
lawyers to act.
The Judicial Section.
As one contemplates the hundreds of volumes of judicial opin-
ions annually added to the body of American law, the importance
of a regular convention of Appellate judges — the men who write
these opinions — ^becomes most impressive for it means a concert
of action looking to a gradual but certain advancement and a pos-
sible uniformity well worth any effort. For the time being the
appellate judges of every state and federal court meet in the
conference room. It is the only opportunity for a personal inter-
state exchange of views. The judges are patriotically doing their
part, often at a material sacrifice of their much needed vacation
period and at a personal expense they can ill afford. With the
hope of impressing the thought, the committee begs leave to
repeat a part of its last year's report.
The substantial handicap of travel expense ia being gradually
overcome through state appropriations for that purpose. Vir-
ginia appropriates annually $250, and it is possible that several
other states are doing likewise. It is earnestly hoped that every
state will make this appropriation. As we have repeatedly said
such an appropriation is a small premium indeed to pay for
insurance against diverse judicial opinions; against federal usur^
pation of states' rights in the effort to av<nd convict; for the
UNIFORM JUDICIAL PBOCBDUBB. 881
promise of uniformity and for the comtant improvement in
jurisprudence assured by an annual convention of appellate, fed-
eral and state judges. The administration of a reasonable cer-
tainty of justice is a matter of evolution. From the crude ** log
cabin '' procedure of the pioneers {here has been developed the
present body of distinctive American law and procedure. That
this progress may continue scientifically and speedily, the judges
— ^as judges — ^have been called to cooperate with the lawyers in
their annual deliberations. Thus there has come into existence
the Judicial Section — the Annual Conference of appellate, federal
and state judges.
BespectfuUy submitted,
Thomas W. Shblton,
Jacob M. Dickinson,
Frank Irvins,
Prb©erick W. Lbhmank,
Jbsse a. Miller.
APPENDIX A.
A BILL (S. 2870, H. B. 2377).
To Authorize the Supreme Court to Prescribe Forks and
SULEB, AND ObNBRALLY TO BbQULATB PlEAOINQ, PrOOI»-
DURE, AND Practice on the Cohmon-Law Side of the
F^ERAL Courts.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of RepresefUatives of the
United States of America in Congress assenU>led, That the Supreme
Court shall have the power to preseribe, from time to time and in any
manner* the forms of writes and all other process, the mode uad manner
ol framing; and fiUng proceedings and pleadings; of giving notice and
serving writs and process of all kinds; of taking and obtaining evidence;
drawing up, entenng, and enrolling orders; and generaQv to regulate
and prescribe by rule the forms for and the kind and character oif the
entire pleading, practice, and procedure to be used in all actions, motions,
and proceedings at law of whatever nature by the district courts of the
United States and the courts of the District of Columbia. Thai m
prescribing such ndes the Supreme Court shall have regard to the
simplifieation of the system of pleading, practice, and procedure in
eaia courts, so as to promote the speedy determination of Utigatiom on
the merits*
8k. 2. That when and as the rules of the court herein authorised shall
be promulgated, all laws in conflict therewith shall be and become of no
further force and effect.
382 RBPORT OF COMMITTBE ON
APPENDIX B.
CfHBONOLOGY.
1910. Auffust. The matter was mooted at the ChattanooRa meeting
of the American Bar Aaeociation.
1010. December 6. President Taft, in an official message to Confess,
said:
" One ^reat oying need in the United States is cheapening the
cost of htigation by simplifying judicial procedure and elxpediting
hnal judgment. Under present conditions the poor man is at woeful
disadvantage in a legal contest with a corporation or a rich opponent.
The necessity for the reform exists both in United States courts
and in all state courts. In order to bring it about, however, it
naturally falls to the general government by its example to furnish
a model to all states
" Under the law the Supreme Court of the United States has the
power and is given the duty to frame the equity rules of procedure
which are to obtain in the federal courts of first instance. In view
of the heavy burden of pressing litigation which that court has had
to carry, with one or two, of its members incapacitated through ill
health, it has not been able to take up problems of improving the
equity procedure which has practically remained the same since the
oi]ganization of the court in 1789. It is reasonable to expect that
with all the vacancies upon the court filled, it will take up the
question of cheapenin^^ and simplifying the procedure in equity
in the courts of the Umted States. The equity ^business is much the
more expensive. / am strongly convinced that the best method
of improinng Judicial procedure at law is to empower the Supreme
Court to do it through the medium of the rules of the court, as m
equity. This is the way in which it has been done in England, and
thoroughly done. The simplicity and expedition of procedure in
the English courts today make a model for the reform of other
systems
"I cannot conceive any higher duty that the Supreme Court
could perform than in leading the way to a simplification of pro-
cedure in the United States courts."
1911. July 12. President Wilson's address before the Kentucky Bar
Association:
** There are two present and immediate tests of the serviceability
of the legal profession to the nation, which I think will at once be
recognized as tests which it is fair to apply. In the first place, there
is the critical matter of reform of legal procedure— 4he almost
invariable theme, if I am not mistaken, of all speakers upon this
question from the President of the United States down. America
taqs far behind other counlries m the essential matter of putfjima the
whole emphasis in our courts upon the wbstance of right and
ptstice. If the bar associations of this country were to devote
themselves, with the ^at knowledge and ability at their com-
mand, to the utter aunplification of judicial procedure, to the
abolition of techincal difficulties and pitfalls, to the removal of
every unnecessary form, to the absolute subordination of method
to the object sought, th^ would do a great patriotic service, which,
if ti)^ win not address themselves to it, must be undertaken by
lajrmen and novices. The actual miscarriages of justice, because at
nothing more than a mere slip in a phrase or a mere error in an
immaterial form, are nothing less than ahocking. Their number is
incalculable, but much more incalculable than their number is
the damage they do to the reputation of the profession and to the
UNIFOBM JUDICIAL PBOCBDUBE. 383
majesty and integrity of the law. Any one bar oisociatian which
would show the way to radical reform in these matters wotUd insure
a universal reconsideration of the matter from one end of the
country to the other and would by that means redeem the reputation
of a great profession and set American society forward a whole
generation in the struggle for an equitable adjustment of its
difficulties."
1011. August 17. Resolution offered in American Bar Association at
Boston. (A. B. A. Rep., p. 50.)
1912. August 27. Resolution unanimously adopted and committee
created at Milwaukee. (A. B. A. Rep., pp. 35, 434.)
1912. December 2. American Bar Association's Procedural Bill intro-
duced in the House of Representatives by Chairman Henry D.
Cliiyton.
1912. . Bill also introduced in Senate by Chairman C. A..
Culberson,
1913. September 2. Work of committee endorsed at Montreal and
Conference of Judges organized. (A. B. A. Rep., pp. 34, 541.)
1913. Sjrmposium on Procedure conducted by the 'American
Bar Association at its Montreal meeting.
1914. February 27. Messrs. Wm. Howard Taft, Elihu Root. Alton B.
Parker, James D. Andrews and Thomas W. Shelton appeared
before the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of
Representatives and presented evidence and made arguments
in favor of the Bill.
1914. March 27. Unanimous report in favor of the bill made by the
Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives
giving reasons and citing authorities. Copies can be had from
your Congressman,
1914. October 20. Work of committee again unanimously endorsed
(A. B. A. Rep., pp. 45 and 571), President Taft's annual address
before the Convention endorsed the campaign, and approved its
object and purpose. (A. B. A. Rep., p. 381.)
1914. December 1. Hon. William Howard Taft became a member of
the Committee on Uniform Judicisil Procedure.
1915. Januarv 9. President Wilson spoke at Indianapolis and said:
** I do know that the United States, in its judicial procedure, is
many decades behind every other civilized government in the
world; and I say that it is an immediate and imperative call upon
us to rectify that, because the speediness of justice, the inexpensive-
ness of justice, tJie ready access of justice, is the greater part of
justice itself.
** If you have to be rich to get justice, because of the cost of the
very process itself, then there is no justice at all. So I say there
is another direction in which we ought to be very quick to see the
signs of the times and to help those who need to be helped."
1915. August 17. Report of committee again unanimously endorsed
and a special resolution adopted instructing the committee to
appeal to the President and Congress. This appeal was made.
(A. B. A. Rep., pp. 32, 40, 502.)
1915. November 10. There was a hearing before a sub-committee of
the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate.
1916. . Entire program endorsed by the Judicial Section. (A.
B. A. Rep., p. 752.)
1916. November. President Wilson, in his New York address, said:
" The procedure of our courts is antiquated and a hindrance, not
an aid, m the just administration of the law. We must simplify
and reform it as other enlightened nations have done, and make
courts of justice out of courts of law."
13
384 BEPOBT OF COMMITTBS ON
1917. Januaiy 2. There was a favorable report on the bill by the
Senate Judiciary Committee. The following Senators voted
against it and ngned a minority report, vii.: T. J. Walrik, C. A.
Culberson, W. E. Chilton, Duncan U. Fletcher, James A. Reed,
Henry P. Asfaurst, Jno. K. Shields, Hoke Smith, AJbeet B.
Cummins. (Memo.) Senator Chilton is not in the jpresent
Senate and Senator Fletcher will vote for the bill. Senator
Culberson wrote that he would favor his own bill which is
almost identical with the present one. (See 1917 Report.)
1917. September 5. Again endorsed by American Bar Aasodation
(A. B. A. Rep., p. 87).
1918. September 4. Again endorsed by American Bar Association.
(A. B. A. Rep.)
1918. Advocated by every law magazine in the United States.
1919. Advocated bv AttomQr-General Gregory in a letter to Senator
Overman, the patron of the bill introduced in 1918. Advocated
by Attorney-General Palmer in a letter to the Chairman of
your committee.
1919. Mf^ 26. Bill introduced by Senator Frank B. Kellogg of Minne-
sota, member of the Judiciary (Committee of the Senate and a
former President of the American Bar Association.
1919. September 4. Again endorsed by American Bar Association.
(A. B. A. Rep.)
1921. Again endorsed by the American Bar Association.
The program has also been ^dorsed by
The National Association of Credit Men,
The Chamber of Commerce of the United States,
The Southern Commercial Congress,
The Commercial Law League of America,
The National Civic Federation,
Forty-six State Bar Associations,
The Deans of the leading law schools of the country,
The law joiu'nals and periodicals.
The Judicial Section of the American Bar Association, and
Henry Watterson in the Courier-^ ournal and other law
editors.
APPENDIX C.
Copy of Preamble and Besolutions Passed at the Twenty-
FiBST Annual Meeting of the Pennsylvania Bab
Association.
Whereas, The American Bar Association is making an earnest and
organized effort to modernize and make uniform the procedure of the
courts, and
Whereas, There is pending in the 63d Congress a bill known as H. R.
No. 133, intended to vest in the Supreme Court of the United States the
power to formulate and put into enect a complete Qystem of rules for the
detail regulation of the federal district courts, and
Whereas, Such a system will prove a model that may be followed by
the several states and thus bring about uniformity; and
Whereas, The Bar Association of the State of Peim^ylvania is in entire
sympathy with the American Bar Association's program, and it is desired
to give expression to the same;
UNIFOBK JODIOIAL PROOBDUBS. 885
Be it r€9olv0d, That the Bar Anodation of the State of Pennnrlvaiiia
formally gives ezprefluon to its entire ^nnpathy with and approval of the
Ameriean Bar Aaaociation^B program^and does respectfully and earnestly
request Congress to enact into law House Bill 133 at the eamliest pos-
sible moment; and
Be U re»o/tHNi. That a special committee, to be composed of one mem-
ber from each Congressional district of this state, to be named by the
President, is hereby created for the purpose of presenting these resohi-
tions to the Congressmen and Senators of this state uid to the President
of the United States^ and otherwise to cooperate with the American Bar
Association's Committee on Uniform Judicial Procedure in its campaign.
Mbmo.— -The form of H. R. 133 is identical with S. 2870 introduced by
Senator Kellogg and H. R. 2377 introduced by Chairman Volstead and
is in the same torm as first introduced except the explanatoiy lines appear-
ing in italics.
APPENDIX D.
Copt of Preamble and Resolutions Passed at the 1920
Annual Mebtino of the Illinois and the Virginia
State Bar Associations.
Whkias, In the year 1911, in response to an ever increasing public
demand, the American Bar Association started and has since niade an
earnest, persistent and organised effort to brin^ about a nbore certain,
steadier, less expensive and less technical administration of justice in
America and to that end modernise and make imiform the procedure of
the Courts; and
Whibbas, For over eight years there has been pendinjs in Congress
substantially the same bills known in the present Session as S^te
No. 1214 and in the House as H. R. No. 133 intended to vest in the
Supreme Court of the United States the power to formulate and put into
effect a complete mtem of rules for the detail regulation of the federal
district courts; and
Whbbias, Such a flvstem will prove a model that- may be followed by
the several states and thus bring about uniformity; and
Whirbas, Todav there exists throujshout the country an earnest desire
of Bench, Bar and People for immediate action, as evidenced in part by
resolutions repeatedly passed; and
Whrbeas, The Bar Association of the State of Illinois is in entire
sympathy with said movement and with the American Bar Association's
program, and it ig desired to give expression to the same; and
Whboas. There is pending in the Judiciary Committee of the United
States a bill known as No. 8. 1214 and the identical bill, although un*
animously recommended by the Judiciary Committee of the House, has
been held in the Judiciary Committee of the Senate for more than eight
years;
Therefore, be it reeolved, That the Bar Association of the State of
' Illinois formally gives expression to its entire sympathy with and approval
of the program of the American Bar Association; and
Be it further reeolved, That the Committee on the Judiciary of the
United States Senate be and it is respectfully but eamestb^ requested to
make an immediate report in order that a vote may be had in the
Senate at this seanon; and: The Illinois State Bar Araociation does
hereby respectfully and earnestly request Congress to enact into law
Senate Bill No. 1214 at the earliest possible moment; and
886 RBPOKT OF COMMITTBE ON
Be it further resolved, That a Special Committee, to be oompo0ed of
one member from each Congreesional district of this state, to be named
by the President, is hereby created for the purpose of presenting these
resolutions to the Congressmen and Senators of this state and to the
President of the United States, and otherwise to cooperate with the
American Bar Association's Committee on Uniform Judicial Procedure in
its campaign.
(Mbmo. — All State Bar Associations are earnestly requested to adopt
the above form of resolution.)
APPENDIX E.
Instances of Failube to Conform to State P^ctice.
It will be interesting to observe a few instances where conformity was
impractical and the Supreme Court so held. A state statutory right to
a change of venue was denied in Kennon vs. Gilmer (1889, 131 U. 8., 24;
33 L. ed., 110). That the personal conduct and administration of a
federal jud^e was not afTected by a state statute regulating the manner
in which a jury should be charged was held in Nudd vs. Burrows (1875,
91 U. S., 441 ; 23 L. ed., 286). That the provisions for imiformity do not
extend to modes of procedure established by judicial interpretation of
common law but only to statutes, was held in Wall. vs. 0. Sc O. R. R. Co.
(C. C. A., 1899; 95 Fed., 398). That actions at law, regardless of state
statutes, must be brought in the name of the owner of the legal title, was
held in Norfolk Co. vs. Sullivan (111 Fed., 181). That statutory sub*
stituted service is not applicable to the federal courts. (Bracken vs.
Union P. R. R. (C. C. A., 1893), 56 Fed., 447.) That a federal rule of
practice prevailed regardless of a subsequent state statute altering the
time in which a writ is returnable. (Shepherd vs. Adams (1898), supra.)
That amendments of process and pleadings allowed by state statutes wiU
not be followed when inconsistent with federal statutes or amendments.
(Henderson vs. Louisville R. R. Co. (1887), 123 U. 8., 64.) That an
equitable counter claim cannot be set up in a federal court. (Churdi vs.
Speigleburg (1887), 31 Fed., 601.) That the granting or refusing of a
continuance is a matter within the discretion of the court notwithstanding
a contrary state statute. (Texas R. (Do. vs. Nelson (C. C. A., 1892),
50 Fed., 814.) That the selections of jurors does not follow the mode
prescribed by state statutes. (Brewer vs. Jacobs (1884), 22 Fed., 217*)
That a state statute permitting a party to be examined by his adversary
in advance of the trial will not be foUowed. (Union P. Co. vs. Botflford
(1891), 141 U. S., 257; 35 L. ed., 735.) That the competency of witnessea
depends upon Section 858, Revised Statutes, and not upon state statutes.
To effect this it was held that Section 921, Revised Statutes, prevailed
over Section 914, Revised Statutes; that the production of books and
papers was regulated by Section 721, Revised Statutes, as amended and
not by the state statutes; that the federal courts might instruct a veidiet
or order a compulsory nonsuit or for the defendant or plaintiff, regardless
of state statute. (Vicksburg Co. vs. Putnam (1886), 118 U. 8., 553;
30 L. ed., 257.) That instructions need not be in writing. (Lincoln vs.
Power Ck). (1894)^ 151 U. S., 442; 38 L. ed., 224.) That a state statute
requiring instruction or a special verdict need not be observed. (U. 8.
Mutual Co. vs. Barry (1889), 131 U. 8., 119; 33 Fed. 69.) The granting
and refusing of new trials is not controlled by state staUites. (Newcomb
vs. Wood (1878), 97 U. 8. 583; 24 L. ed.. 1085.) That the question of ooflt
is not governed by state statutes but by Section 823, Revised Statutes,
which was held to supersede Section 914, Revised Statutes. That every-
UNIFORM JUPICIiX PnOCXDURB. 387
thing after a judgment looking to its review in an appellate eourt.is.
regulated solely bv the acts of Congress. (Hudson vs. Parker (1875).
156 U. 8., 281 ; 39 L. ed., 424.) That regulations concerning preserving ot
exceptions are not governed by state statutes. (Chataugay (Do. vs.
Petitioner (1882), U. S., 553; 32 L. ed., 5ll.) That the means of -enforc-
ing a judgment are not within state statutes but Sections 915 and 916,
Revised Statutes. (U. 8. vs. Train (1882), 12 Fed., 853.) That a stay of
execution is not governed by state statutes; that Section 916 supersedes
Section 914. (Lancaster vs. Keller (1887), 123 U. S., 389.) That sUte
famishment proceedings will not be followed. (Atlantic R. Co. vs.
fopkins (1876), 94 U. S., 18; 24 L. ed., 48.) That mandamus proceed-,
ings will not follow state practice. (Batch Co. vs. Amy (1871), 13 Wall.,
250; 20 L. ed., 541.) That a proceeding to restore records is not within
Section 914, Revised Statutes. (3 Bias (U. 8.), 307 (1872).) That the
question of jurisdiction was controlled solely by federal statutes. (Mexi-
can Co. vs. Pinckney, sttpra,) That wherever Congress h&s legislated on
or in reference to a particular subject involving practice or procedure the
state statutes are never held to be controlling. (Harkness vs. Hyde, 98
U. 8.. 476; 25 L.'ed.)
fi
;/
888
UNIFOBM JUDICIAL PROOEDUBB.
THE PROPORTION OF DECISIONS ON PLEADINGS IN APPELLATE COURTS
Juriadiotion
Volnmes
Examined
Date
Total
cases
exam-
ined
Re-
▼ersala
Afllrm-
ancet
Total
pleading
dii-
caaaiona
English c o m-
mon law plead-
ing
'-H. L...
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Ex. Ch
& Exch
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LTotal
English Hilary r Ex. Ch.dt "^
Rules pleadingly Exch. ... J
fH.L
English Judi
catu re Acts^
pleading
U. S. Sup. Ct.
California. . .
Divisional
courts and
Court of Ap
peal
Connecticut.
Illinois
Iowa . .
Kansas
Sup. Ct ....
Sup. Ct . . . .
App. Ct . . . .
Appeals
from the
Munici-
pal Court
of Chi-
cago ....
Massachusetts.
Michigan ,
Missouri
New York....
Ohio
Pennsylvania,
Tennessee.. .. .
Virginia ....
Wisconsin ...
1 Dow & Clark
1 & 2 Cr. 4i& J."!
Ed. Ch. cases V
only J
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1 Nev. & M.. .
16M. & W...
A. C 1906^09 .
(1907) 2Ch.^
(part)
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249-52
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r 145-48
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160
189
233-6 .
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121
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r 100-01
\ 145-46
1827-^0
1830^^2
1833
1832-33/
1846-47
1906-09
1907-09
1910-11
1907-09
1908-09 \
1915-16/
1909-10
1910-11
1908-09
1908-09
1911
}
1908-09
1908-09
1910 \
1910-11 J
1910
1916
1910-11
1909-10 \
1910-11 J
1907-09
1917
1908
1910-11
1898-99
1911
32
13
171
139
355
134
280
325
234
435
208
283
275
484
135
425
585
550
110
101
132
267
132
124
26
232
185
173
lin6
1 in 34
1 in 139
1 in44
1 in 33
0
1 in 162
1 in 13
1 in 15
1 in 21
1 in 15
1 in 14
1 in 19
1 in 135
1 in 15
1 in 13
1 in 92
1 in 37
0
1 in 44
1 in 13
in 9
in 21
in 26
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in 15
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1 in 11
1 in4
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REPORT
09 TBI
CHAIRMAN OF THE* COMMITTEE ON MEMBERSHIP FOR
THE YEAR 1921-1922.
To the Members of the American Bar Association:
In presenting the second report of the Membership Committee,
created in 192 1, the Chairman desires again to express his satisfac*
tion with the operation and general results of the plan under
which the committee is Working.
Thifi plan^ it will be remembered, provides for a division of the
states and territories into 11 membership districts. For instance,
the first district is composed of the states of Maine, New Hamp*
shire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island and Connecticut.
Eight districts, composed of similar geographically convenient
groups, cover the continental United States and Alaska. The
ninth district covers Hawaii, the tenth, the Philippine Islands
and the eleventh, Porto Rico.
A director having supervision of the membership work in his
entire district, who is known as the district director, is appointed
in each of the 11 districts, and a state director is appointed in each
of the states throughout the country, who in turn appoints so-
called county advisers in each of the counties in his state. A very
complete and efficient organization is thus established.
The outstanding feature of the work of the committee is again
this year, as was the case last year, the admirable spirit of service
to the Association manifested by the mtmbers of the committee,
resulting in perfect co-operation between the over 3000 member-
ship units which compose it.
The activity in the various states of so many men deeply inter-
ested in our Association inevitably results in the wide dissemina-
tion of information concerning the Association and its affairs.
Results most valuable to the Association are thus obtained in
addition to the actual securing of new members. This feature of
the committee's work emphasizes its importance as a factor in aid
of the development of the Association. If the workers do not
always secure in their respective communities the applications of
men whose membership they solicit, nevertheless the missionary
work is done, attention is called to the Association and the scope
and character of the work it is doing and thus the seed is sown.
As the result of the year's work in increasing the membership
of our Association, the committee hsfi secured 3065 applications —
an impressive figure, especially to those of us who were members
(3891
390 REPORT OF CHAIRMAN OF COMMITTEE ON MEMBERSHIP.
of our Association in the days when the entire membership was
less than the increase realized this year. Indeed, it is scarcely
more than a decade ago when our roster contained less than 3000
members.
A splendid body of men has been added to our Association this
year from the great Bar of the Pacific Co^t. We, as a national
organisation^ needed this strengthening of our membership in the
T'frest. To the new men now entering our Association we extend
a most warm and cordial welcome.
Without attempting to tabulate the increase of our membership
in each state, the Chairman desires to emphasize the fact that the
17 states west of the Missouri Eiver have contributed this year
1503 new members to our Association. Of this number California
alone has given. us 901.
Another notable result was that achieved in the State of New
York. It had seemed to the Membership Committee that New
Yoric had already given to our Association her full quota, but
nevertheless the campaign made there this year brought to us an
additional 511 new members.
The Chairman of the committee desires here to record hiB most
earnest appreciation of the perfect co-operation in this important
work of the fellow-members of the committee as well as of the
vice-presidents and members of the local councils in the respec-
tive states. The promptness with which the various local councils
acted upon the lists of nominations submitted to them for their
approval during the year has aided greatly in the despatch of the
vftst amount of work which the committee is called upon to per-
form. As especially noteworthy feature of the work done by these
councils was the painstaking care that was exercised in the dis-
charge of their important duties in examining and passing upon
the lists of nominations. ♦
Respectively submitted,
Frederick E. Wadhams,
Chairman of Membership Committee,
Dated August 10, 192t.
REPORT
OF THB
SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON THE CLASSIFICATION AND
RESTATEMENT OF THE LAW. .
To the American Bar Association:
Your Committee recommends the passage of the following
resolution:
Retolved, That the report of the Special Coounittee on ClassificatioD
and Restatement of the Law be received and adopted, and that said
committee be continued and made a standing committee of this Asao-
ciation and directed in conjunction with the Executive Committee to
cooperate with the Committee of the American Academy of Jurispru-
dence in the plans and work of Classifying and Restating the Law..
The attitude of this Association toward this great project
took definite form in the resolution and the report accompanying
it submitted by this Committee at the meeting in 1920. Thai
report was not printed in the proceeding of the Association and in
view of the action taken a^ reported herein, the Committee deems
it important that aU the members be given the facility to. read
that report and accordingly recommend that it be printed in the
proeee^iugs of this year's meeting aa appendix ^^A" to this report.
The resolution referred to as having been submitted and ap*
proved^ directed this Committee and the Executive Committee to
cooperate with others not specifically named in bringing about an
organization for the classification and restatement of the Law.
The Executive Comniittee has at each subsequent meeting taken
important action to that end.
Your Coimnittee is at this time able to report that an organi-
zation has been effected deemed by those who have been delegated
to cooperate in its creation adequate to conserve and mobilize the
resources and talents of the whole bar for the performance of the
object in view.
The principal features of this organization are these :
The aim is to secure the cooperation of all the active members
of the profession in the creation of a great work which will con^
stitute a comprehensive, systematic statement of the whole body
of actuallaw with a background showing its gradual development
through the past seven centuries.
(391)
392 BSPORT OF SPBCIAL OOMMITTEB ON
Several great principles have guided the efforts toward this
or^nizatioB :
First. The necessity for a comprehensive organization of the
Bar.
Second* The necessity for a comprehensive organization of the
highest type of law writers.
Third. The creation of plans which are in truth both scien-
tific and practical that is dominated by logic in arrangement and
simplicity in methods and processes of statement.
Fourth. The necessity of carrying to the Bench, the Bar
and to legislators a uniform conception of the Institutions, the
Principles, Bules and constructive precedents which constitute the
existing body of the law, which can only be done by the creation
and dissemination of such a restatement of the law as that pro-
posed.
Fifth. The creation of a jurisprudence fund or endowment out
of the profits which will naturally accrue from a normal sale of
the books. This fund to be divided between the American Bar
Association and the American Academy of Jurisprudence to be
administered by them in support of various activities for the
advancement of Jurisprudence and the improvement of the law.
The Academy Publishing Company mentioned is an eesential
auxiliary incident to the carrying on of the necessary business
operations of such an enterprise.
An examination of the prospectus will make plain to the mem-
bers that the Bar has the power to support and carry out this
great work with direct economy and saving to the lawyers of the
country and the immediate improvement of the law.
It would unnecessarily increase the size of this report to enter
into the details of the plans and processes whereby this work is
to be carried out. We need but repeat what was said in the report
above referred to, that the details may safely be left to those who
will be chosen to do the work.
The fact that the plans of organization and the general plans
for the work have met the approval of the various Committees
and of so many great scholars, jurists and lawyers is sufficient
assurance to the Bar of the great imporliiance of the work and the
practical nature of the plans.
The consensus of these opinions is well expressed by the late
John F. Dillon. In 1894 he wrote :
The work of jurists and legislators during the next century will be
preeminently the work of c^rstematic restatement. This work must be
done. If not done by choice, the inexorable logic of neoessity will
oompel its performance. This work, as important and noble as any that
can engage the attention of men. will fall to the profession to do, since
it cannot be done by others. It rests, therefore, upon the profession
as a duty.
CLASSIFICATION AND BSSTATBMBNT OF LAW.
393
Again^ more recently^ speaking of this specific project he wrote :
. . • • I heartihr endarse the spirit, purposes and scheme of this
great subject. It £as all the elements of a patriotic and philanthropic
object of the highest national and public importance. Its execution must
not be put upon any lower basis than that it intimately oonoems
the pubho and general welfare, present and future, on matters of the
supremest moment to eveiy man, woman and child in the United States.
Your Committee commends this subject to the Bar with con-
fidence that the members of the Bar when they come to understand
its nature^ its scope and importance to the profession and the
public will give it their immediate and energetic support.
Bespectfully submitted^
Jakes DbWitt Andrews, Chairman,
EuosNE C. Massie,
Chablbs N. Potter, ^
Edwin M. Bobohabd,
Henry M. Bates,
REPORT
or THB
COMMITTEE ON PUBLICITY.
To the American Bar Association:
The Committee on Publicity respectfully reports that on its
appointment it continued friendly and helpful relations with the
Associated Press and publishers and editors of important metro-
politan papers. It is acting in close co-operation with the Bar
Association Journal and^ using a selected and approved list of
local newspapers, has sent such information as really amounted
to news to legal journals and' daily and weekly papers in all
parts of the country. The results were tested by a subscription
to a news clipping bureau from which the returns were so large
that the service was discontinued. To the same general list of
fourteen hundred were sent digests of some of the more popular
articles appearing in the Journal. Special attention was, of
course, paid to the Conference of Bar Association Delegates
discussing legal education. We have been in correspondence
with judges and lawyers in Canada and, to a limited extent, with
practitioners in England. Special care has been taken to
acknowledge our indebtedness to our brothers of the press who
have been considerate and patient with our efforts. Details of
our activities will be passed on to our successors in office with
our best wishes for increasing ingenuity and in convincing
editorial staffs that the activities of our profession constitute
news.
At this date, San Francisco is active and vocal. We are try-
ing to continue our part of the work until the meeting is called
to order.
Respectfully submitted,
Mitchell D. Follansbbe, Chairman,
Charles S. Cushing,
Henry P. Dart, Jr.,
Hazen I. Sawyer,
William A. Hayes.
(394)
REPORr
OP THB
COMMITTEE ON MEMORIALS.
To the American Bar Association:
The Committee on Memorials reports the names of members of
whose deaths the committee has been notified since the last
meeting, as follows :
ALABAMA.
Hundley, Osgab R Birmingham.
Walkee, W. R Athena.
ARIZONA.
Baker, A. C. Phoenix.
FoEBST, J. C Phoenix.
Harbbn, George W Flagstaff.
ARKANSAS.
CoHN, Morris M Little Rock.
Oliphint, Gardner K Little Rock.
MooRE. Henry , Texarkana.
CALIFORNIA.
Bolton, Adelbert E San Francisco.
Gibbon, T. E Los Angeles.
Helm, Lynn Los Angeles.
Lewis, T. L .San Diego.
Morrison, A. F San Francisco.
Thayer, Rufus San Francisco
Wellborn, ulin Loa Angeles.
COLORADO.
Dayton, William L Denver-
Dixon, John R Denver.
Shafroth, John F Denver.
CONNECTICUT.
Bristol, John W New Haven.
Gaoer, EJdwin B Derby.
Hart, Harrie E Hartford.
LooMis, Seymour C ' New Haven,. .
.O'Brien^ Patrick T .Meridea,
O'Neill, John J Waterbiuy^r
Tuttlb, Joseph P Hartford. ,
Wright, Willum A New Haven.
(395)
396 BEPOBT OF GOMKITTEE ON
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.
Friend, Harvby M Washington.
Knox, Philander Chase Washington..
Macfarland, Henry B. F Washington.
Prentiss, Stoncer B. ; Washington.
Tucker, Charles Cowles Washington.
WiMBiSH, W. A Washington.
Dahlgren, John B Washington.
Brantlt, William T Washington.
FLORIDA.
Stevens, Carlos W Fort Myers.
Adams, Charles S Jacksonville.
GEORGIA.
Cummin, Joseph B Augusta.
Phillips, Benjamin Z Atlanta.
Palmer, H. E. W Atlanta.
HAWAII
AsHFORD, Clarence W Honolulu.
Cathcart, John W Honolulu.
Olson, Clarence H Honolulu.
ILLINOIS.
Baldwin, Jesse A Chicago.
Burton, Robert A Chicago.
Butler, Charles A Chicago.
Daniels, Francis B Chicago.
Hamlin, Frank Chicago.
Hutchins, James C. . : Chicago.
KuEBLER, Georoe J ChicRgo.
LiNDLBT, Frank Danville.
Miller, John 8 Chicago.
More, K. Wilson Chicago.
MusGRAVE, Harrison Chicago.
Shepard, Frank L Chicago.
Wall, George W Du Quoin.
Welch, William S Chicago.
Worthinoton, Thomas Jacksonville.
O'Hare, Thos. J Chicago.
CowEN, Israel Chicago.
INDIANA.
Evans, Rowland Indianapolis.
Ketcham, William A Indianapolis.
Mters, Quingy Alden Indianapolis.
Paulus, H. J Mari(m.
Smith, Charles W Indianapolis.
Taylor, Arthur H Petersburg.
IOWA.
Holsmak, Hbnrt B Guthrie Center.
Kennedy, J. L Sioux City.
Petbrsbebger, Isaac Davenport.
Smith, Wai/tub I Council Bluff.
MBH0BIAL8. 897
KANSAS.
FiRHBUi, J. S Sedan.
Field, Sbwabd I Medicine Lodge.
Stocxb, B. F Garden City.
SuDDOCK, M. M Emporia.
ToMLiNBON, Joseph B Independence.
KENTUCKY.
Burnett, Hbnbt Louisville.
HsNDBicx^ John K Paducah.
Yebxbs, John W Danville.
LOUISIANA.
Babrbt, T. C Shreveport
Farbar, Eooar Howard New Orleans.
Hair, H. T Columbia.
Huqhes, William L New Orleans.
Hunt, Carlbton New Orleans.
Mahonbt, M. S New Orleans.
McLaughlin, Jambs J New Orleans.
Quintero, Lamar C New Orleans.
WoLPF, Solomon New Orleans.
MAINE.
Bradburt, James 0 Saco.
Drummond, Josuh H Portland.
Holwat, Mblvin Smith Augusta.
MARYLAND.
Archer, James J Belair.
Barton, Randolph Baltimore.
Bond, Hugh L., Jr Baltimore.
Henderson, Robert R Cumberland.
Turner, Frank G Baltimore.
Wbhr, Albert H Baltimore.
MASSACHUSETTS.
Abbott, Ira A HaverhiU.
Ely, Frederick D Dedham.
Lillet, Charles S LowelL
Poor, John R Brookline.
Sawyer, George A Boston.
Scully, Edward T Pittsfield.
Steere, Charles Boston.
Sweet, Frank E Bridgewater.
Welunoton, Stanwood G Boston.
Lund, Joseph W Boston.
Hamilton, Samuel K Boston.
Dunbar, Frank Emerson Lowell.
MICHIGAN.
Bates, George W Detroit
Butterfieij), Roger C Grand Rapids.
Stone, John W Lansing.
WiLKiNs, Charles T Detroit.
398 RBPOET OP COMMITTEE ON
MINNESOTA.
Bright, Alfred H Minneapolis.
KaerOher, Aaron Benjamin Ortonvillc.
Larimore, John A Minneapolis.
Moore, Albert R St. Paul.
Seymour, McNeil V St. Paul.
Stewart, F. Alexander Minneapolis.
MISSOURL
Fox, Charles J St. Louis.
Geraghtt, Francis X St. Louis.
Lawson, John D ■. Columbia.
Lay, James H Jefferson City.
Morrow, Thomas R Kansas City.
Reynolds, George D St. Louis.
RoBBiNS, Alexander H St. Louis.
MONTANA.
Nolan, C. B Helena.
NEBRASKA.
Gering, Matthe-^^ Plattsmouth.
NEVADA.
Cheney, Azro E Reno.
NEW HAMPSHIRE,
Tagoart, David A Manchester.
Walbler, Reuben E Concord.
NEW JERSEY.
Dbmarbst, MiLTON Hackensack.
GiLMOTnt, L. D Newark.
Hunt, Henry C Newark.
Roe, Charles J Jersey City.
Van Syckbl, Bennbt Trenton.
•
NEW MEXICO.
Catron, Thomas B Santa Fe.
De Baca, Marcos C Bernalillo.
Veeder, Elmer E Mora.
NEW YORK.
Bacot, John Vachbr Utica.
Benton, George A Rochester.
Cantor, Jacob A New York.
Carpenter, James Emerson New York.
Cheney, Warren J Coming.
Collins, Lawrence J Buffalo.
Danaher, Franklin M Albany.
Freedman, John J New York.
Gibbs, Cunton B Buftalo.
MXHORIALS.
NEW YOKK— Continued.
GnJWT, Thomas F., Jr New York.
Grbsk, Bbbbert New York.
Ukobscup, Pbter S ..New Yoric
Hidoiira, Cecil Caupbbll NewYork.
Kaubh, Edwlh L New York.
Kbllmb, FimnNAND W NewYork.
Kmnra, Camillub G NewYoik.
Lbidb, TBnowmt E N'ew York.
LoNfl, Waltes Pbmt Cnigsmoor.
Marx, Hbnbt NewYork.
Mttchell, Wnxuu New Vork.
Mterb, Nathaniel New Vork.
Olnbt, Pbtxr B NewYork.
Pawebson, Bknjahin New York.
Robs, Lbbot W Brooklyn.
Saitbb, a. OutBiN Kei'fYork.
Scott, Francis M New York.
SquoBS, AsNDN L Brooktyn.
Stbvbnb, Fkank L NewYork.
Stotbb, Martin L NewYork,
TsLLBB, John D. Auburn.
ToMFKiNB, Hauiuton B New York.
Wkotwood, Hebhan J .' New Yoric.
Grxin, Hebbert New York.
Clarke, R. Floyd New York.
Dbnnbk, ARTHttB Wilson NewYork.
CuLLBN, Edoab M New York.
NORTH CAROLINA.
Taylob, Z. V Charlotte.
ZoLLicoFPEB, A. C HenderaoQ.
NORTH DAKOTA.
Grbbnk, John E Minot.
OHIO.
&AND0H, Abchabd ColumbuB.
Galvin, John Cincinnati.
GoLDBKiTH, A. W Cinoiiitiati.
KiNNsr, Gtjt W Toledo.
MnxBH, William R Cleveland.
Smith, Chabus B Cincinnati.
THtTB8T0N, Edwin L Cleveland.
Tbbash, Philip B Akron.
Wabsinoion, John W Cincinnati.
Hall, Almdn Toledo.
OKLAHOMA.
Gbaham, J. C MarietU.
Jackson, Cuffohd L Muskc^ec.
OREGON.
Ddniway^ Ralph R .Portland.
MiKOK, Wmr Portland.
1:00 BEPORT OF OOICMITTBE ON
PENNSYLVANIA.
Balph, R. a PittsburglL
Banks, J. N Indiazia.
Dana, Samuel W New Castle.
Deshlsb, James B Allentown.
EsuNa, Hbnbt C Philadelphia.
Heibter, Isaac Reading.
Kunxel, George Harrisburg.
MicHENER, Edwin O Philadelphia.
TtrsTiN, Ernest L Philadelphia.
Walton, Henrt F I%iladelphia.
Whitlock, Henrt C Philadelphia.
Paob, S. Davis Philadelphia.
Glenn, Edwin F Philadelphia.
Fralet, Joseph C Philadelphia.
Bregt, F. Ambdbb Philadelphia.
PHILIPPINE ISLANDS.
EliNGAiD, WiLUAM A Manila.
RHODE ISLAND.
BuRBANK, Robert T Providence.
SOUTH CAROLINA.
Carson, Rau>h K Spartanburg.
Hydrice, D. E ' Columbia.
Mower, Geobob Sbwall Newberry.
WiLLOox, P. A Florence.
Henderson, D. S Aiken.
SOUTH DAKOTA.
Whiting, Charles S Pierre.
WiNANS, Edwin R Pierre.
TENNESSEE.
Lancaster, Geobgb D Chattanooga.
LucKT, CoBNELius E Kuoxville.
WooDWABD, J. D Pulaski.
TEXAS.
DiNSMOBE, James H Greenville.
Head, H. W Sherman.
Maxby, Thomas S Austin.
UTAH.
Stort, William Salt Lake City.
Stott, B. N. C Salt Lake City.
Vabian, Charles S Salt Lake City.
VERMONT.
Davis, Fred C Springfield.
EUsBLTON, Seneca Burlington.
KSK0RIAL8. 401
VIRGINIA,
Gilliam, Mabshall M Richmond.
PicKRBLL, John Richmond.
Whitb, William H Richmond.
WASHINGTON.
Dawson, Wm. Shekman Spokane.
WEST VIRGINU.
Httbbabd, William P Wheeling.
Jackson, Stbphbn Clarksburg.
Van Winkia, W. W Parkersburg.
Williams, L. Judson Charleston.
Woods, John H(»»kins PhilippL
WISCONSIN.
Jbnkins, Jambs G Milwaukee.
Kbu^y, John A Oconomowoc.
Mabshaui, R. D Madison.
WYOMING.
AusBBBMAN, Bbnjamin M Evaiiston.
W. TH03LAS Kbmp,
Lawbbnob Coopeb,
•ChakIiES S. Whiting,
Beadneb W. Lee,
ROBEBT W. StAYTON,
•
REPORT
OF THB
COMMITTEE ON LEGAL AID WORK
To the American Bar Association:
Your Committee on Legal Aid Work which was appointed last
year, pursuant to an amendment to the consitution providing for
such a committee^ begs to make this report of its activities and to
recommend the following action by the Association.
Becomkbndation .
That the Association, by appropriate resolution, request the
officers of the Section of Conference of Bar Association Dele^tes
to bring the subjeqt of legal aid work before the members of the
Section, as soon as may foe, to the end that every state and local
bar association may be encouraged to appoint a standing com-
mittee on Ifegal aid work.
•
SUMMAKY OP BeASONS FOR ReOOMMBNDATIOK.
The success of legal aid work in the United States depends on
the active support of the organized Bar. The American Bar
Association set the example by providing in 1921 for a standing
committee on legal aid work. Legal aid work in its national
aspects has thus been coordinated with the national Bar. The
next step is to coordinate legal aid work in each locality with the
local Bar. This may best be done by encouraging each state and
local association to follow the example of the American Bar
Association and to provide a standing committee on legal aid
work.
This has already been done by a number of bar associations —
the San Francisco Bar Association, the Detroit Bar Association,
the Essex County Bar Association, the Louisiana Bar Association,
the Philadelphia Law Association, and the New York State,
County, and City Bar Associations.
This accomplishment is due in large measure to the interest
aroused by the discussion at the Conference of Bar Association
Delegates in 1917. As the Conference proved itself a successful
instrumentality before, it is natural to rely on it now. Further^
it is our understanding that the best and most feasible method
(402)
LBUAL AXD WOBK. 403
for the American Bar Association to reach the state and local
associations of the country is through the Conference.
Report.
^ During this, its first, year your committee has confined its
work to two main lines of eflFort. (1) It has cooperated wher-
ever possible with organized legal aid work. Several of its mem-
bers have visited various legal aid societies and bureaus. Three
of the members attended the convention of legal aid organiza-
tions held at Philadelphia in March, 1922. (2) It has con-
sidered what pradicdl things the Bar could do for legal aid
work.
• Your committee holds the conviction that the Bar, as a
matter of professional responsibility, owes a duty to encourage
and support legal aid work to the best of its ability. We further
believe that the Bar will give a prompt and generous response
once the facts are made clear to the Bar. Our desire to help
the Bar perceive and recognize this responsibility we consider
can best be attained not through preachment but by getting and
stating the facts. In other words, in order to suggest what the
Bar could do and ought to do for legal aid work we determined
to find out what the Bar was actually doing at the present time.
We sent a questionnaire, dealing with this matter, to the
thirty-three definitely established legal aid societies and bureaus
in the United States. All gave replies from which were collected
the facts and the suggestions herein set forth.
Oenerai Condition of Legai Aid Work.
There are 33 well-established legal aid organizations in the
United States today. Some of these are municipal bureaus, sup-
ported by public funds and controlled by public authorities^ but
the predominant type, which still carries the burden of the work,
is the private society, supported by contributions and controlled
by its own directors or other governing board. There are 24
such private societies as against 9 public bureaus. It seems
reasonably clear that for many years tb come the private organiza-
tion will be the predominating type, but, unquestionably, a great
impetus in the direction of public control has been given by the
action of the City of Philadelphia in taking over legal aid work
as a municipal function in August, 1920.
The 33 organizations, which furnished us their records, report
that during the past year they have given legal advice and assiat-
ance to 114,208 persons. It can easily be seen that if the Bar
establishes close relations with legal aid work it can, through these
organizations which reach directly over 100,000 men, women, and
children every ^ear^ e^ert a profound influence in the direction of
404 BEPORT OF OOKKITTBB ON
demonstrating to the plain -people of our nation the fundamental
integrity and fairness of our institutions.
Your committee is obliged to record its regret that the records
of the legal aid organizations have not been brought to some
degree of standardization and uniformity. Each society compile
its own records in its own way. Comparative analysis is rendered
impossible. There is great need for the formation of a national
association of all the legal aid organizations which shall have
power to reduce what is now a chaos to some form of intelligent
order.
Lawyersf Support of Legal Aid Work.
In each dty where there are legal aid organizations certain,
individual lawyers are giving splendid support to the work.
There are 24 organizations which are controlled by boards of
directors, executive committees, etc. Over two hundred lawyers
are serving on such boards ; thev represent two-thirds of the entire
membersMp; it results, therefore, that legal aid work is today
actually controlled by members of the Bar.
The credit for organizing and establishing legal aid work is
likewise due in large degree to the vision and efforts of members
of the Bar. Nearly everywhere the story is the same. The legal
aid organization was brought into being by a few earnest men and
women, most of whom were lawyers. Because of the indiscrim-
inate criticism which is so frequently hurled at the Bar, your
committee is particularly glad to be able to record these facts.
Bar Association, Support of Legal Aid Work,
In sharp contrast is the record of what the organized Bar, as
a professional body, has and has not done. All of the older legal
aid organizations, and a majority of the newer, state that they
received no aid or support, moral or financial, from the local
bar associations when tiiey were trying to organize and start their
work — the very time, presumably, when active help was most
needed.
Taking the country as a' whole the evidence compels the con-
clusion tiiat until very recently the attitude of the oreanized
Bar towards legal aid work was one of absolute indi&rence.
The cause of this indifference was ignorance. This ignorance
was due to the fact that the bar associations never made any effort
to find out what legal aid work was and the furtiier fact tnat the
legal aid organizations did very littie to enlighten them.
To this generalization certain exceptions must be noted. In SL
Louis, New Orleans, and Hartford the bar associations were
active, and gave substantial assistance towards establishing the
work, for which tiiey are entitied to honorable mention. TbuSj
LEGAL AID WOBX. 405
in St. Louis it was the bar association itself which in 1912 created
the Legal Aid Society^ appointed its attorney^ raised its funds,
and controlled the work until 1915 when it had legal aid work
made a function of the municipal government. On the other
hand, in Columbus and Richmond the Bar's interest soon waned
and tiie legal aid work was abandoned. In Detroit, the bar asso-
ciation started out excellently but. later took a routine attitude
towards the work. Its subscription of $500 to support the legal
aid bureau was never increased nor were outside subscriptions
secured so that the work had to be performed by one attorney
giving only part time. In 1919 the financing was takep over by
the Detroit Community Union; its budget was increased to
$7800 and the work which had amounted to 410 cases in 1916
increased to 3112 cases in 1921. In New Orleans, although the^
bar association itself started the legal aid work and has ever since
maintained a legal aid committee, the Association has contributed
nothing towards the work, considering that such use of its funds
would be '' ultra vires.'^ As a result the work has been carried
on without funds. Your committee is stronsly of the opinion
that le^al aid work is as much a part of the Sax's responsibility
as its mterest in legal education and in securing good judges.
If a bar association's charter is so OL^rrtwly drawn as to preclude
the Bar from performing, in the fullest possible measure, any of
its direct responsibilities, it obviously ought to be amended.
During the past few years there has been a decided change. A
quickened sense of responsibility is manifest. This is due, in first
instance, to the Conference of Bar Association Delegates which in
1917 adopted the following resolutions : *
It is the sense of this Conference that bar asBociations, state and
local, should be urged to foster the formation and efficient administra-
tion of legal aid societies for legal relief work for the worthy poor, with
the active and sympathetic cooperation of such associations: and that
attorneys generaily be urged to give such societies their moral and
financial support.
The Association of the Bar of the City of New York, pursuant
to this resolution, appointed a special committee, which filed a
printed report in 1919 saying, among other things,
That these organised agencies for legal aid work have relieved our
profession and the members of this Association individually from a very
great burden, is a proposition beyond dispute.
The financial support which it has received from the public, and
earticularly from the Bar of New York City, is thus seen to be far
elow what it should be: and we believe that it is insufficient to enable
it fully to meet the needs which exist. This Association has apparently
never taken cognisance of these needs until the appointment of this
committee; and the failure of the members of our profession to contribute
' American Bar Association Journal, Vol. Ill, No. 4, pages 502, 587.
406 REPOBI OF COMMITTEE ON
their share to the support of suoh a work is probably largely due to that
fact
And concluding with this resolntion,
Resolved, That the Association of the Bar of the City of New York
deems it a part of the duty of the legal profession to support the lefi^al
aid work, and urges every member of the Bar in New York City, aiid
especially every member of this Association, to cooperate in that work
directly or through one of the existing institutions engaged in such work.
The New York State Bar Association appointed a Special
Committee on Legal Aid Societies which filed a most admirable
report on January 16, 1920.* It sent questionnaires to the sixty-
one bar associations in the state and found ** in most of these
communities there was little interest in legal aid work and
probably no organized legal aid societies.''
This excellent report covers the ground so perfectly that certain
parts of it deserve reproduction here.
The need and opportunity for legal aid work is apparently more
pressing in the larger cities, but we believe that there is ample oppor-
tunity for bar associations to make themselves useful in this direction
even in the smaller communities. Jn smaller Qommutdties a sejyarate
orgarUzation may not be jttstified and the work may well be carried
on by the Bar Association. Ln the larger cities, where estdbli^d
agencies exist, the Bar Association should enter into active cooveration.
It i^pean that the financial support of legal aid work is wholly
inadequate for the needs of the Community, and that our profession is
not even meeting its fair share of this.
Justice at prohibitive cost, as is the case with the poor, is not
justice.
Free government is in peril when justice is not administered so as to
sustain belief in its easy availability and fairness. Any state or society
which does not look to the enforcement of the law and the protection
of rights for the poor and weak and friendless, is wanting in that
kjnrstone of the arcn upon which a stable society and government rests.
Where this essential is lacking you shake the faith of the people in
government and bring in question the fundamental fairness of our
institutions. Disrespect for law and the spirit of resistance and unrest,
which today excite the apprehensions of every thinking man, are the
natural harvest of inadequate facilities to secure the rights of all even
though they be of small pecuniary magnitude.
Por our profession to meet this issue and rnake a substantial contribu-
tion to the support and stability of our institutions which m these
days is the greatest contribution any one can make, is an alhtring
achievement.
The directors of the New York County Lawyers' Association
adopted and sent to every member the following:
Whbeobas, This Association is thoroughly in accord with the Legal
Aid Society and heartily commends its aims and purposes, and recognises
that, in giving attention to the small claims of thousands of poor persons,
*The complete report is contained in The Legal Aid Review (pub-
lished at 239 Broadway. New York), Vol. XVIH. No. 2 (April. 1920).
L£GAL AID WOBK. 407
flaid society, does work which otherwise would probably prove very
burdensome to the Bar at large ; therefore, be it
Resolved, That this Association approves the request of the Leical
Aid Society for the cooperation of this Association in the further
accomplishment of its excellent aims and purposes, and commends to
the general membership of the Association the furnishing to such society
of aid and service whenever called upon.
When it was proposed to establish a mimicipal legal aid bureau
in Philadelphia in 1920 the Law Association furnished a special
committee to cooperate in organizing the bureau and in defining
its policies. The Bhode Island Legal Aid Society was created in.
Id20 through the efforts of the President of the State Bar Asso-
ciation who launched the idea at the Association's annual dinner.
■
In 1921 the Essex County Bar Association assumed responsibility
for raising funds for the work in Newark. The latest organizar
tion to be formed^ that in Louisville, was created by the Louisville
Bar Association which formally endorsed the idea^ and through a
committee of its own drafted the articles of incorporation, raised
the necessary funds, and saw that the work was actually begun.
The San Francisco Bar Association appointed a legal aid com-
mittee which this year filed a most comprehensive report^ which
together with the first report of the Legal Aid Committee of the
New York State Bar Association, may well be taken as a model by
other bar associations. In a printed report of fourteen pages all
the resources of the community for aiding the poor to secure
justice are briefly surveyed, the importance of the legal aid work
is pointed out, and particular reference is made to the opportunity
of the Bar to strengthen and develop the legal aid society's work
and thereby " to disabuse those who come to it of the idea that
justice can only be obtained by those who can pay for it — a
consideration which must not be overlooked in these days, when
unrest and discontent run riot."
In 1922 the Committee on Legal Aid Societies of the New York
State Bar Association filed its second report. It stated :
la the opinion of your committee, the work of providing lexal relief
to the poor is primarily the duty of the Bar as a whole and instead of
officers of l^al aid societies being required, as they now are, to appeal
constantly In every quarter for funds to meet legal expenses, local bar
associations should take it upon themselves first to see that the work is
adequately performed and then that the cost is fully met.
It called attention to the following resolution which had been
adopted by the state Association :
Resolved, That the state bar association and all local bar associations,
should assume greater responsibility for the maintenance and conduct
of legal aid work and to that end should actively seek support for
estabushed legal aid organizations and, in communities where no such
organizations exist, should become directly responsible for the systematic
conduct of such work.
408 BEPORT OF OOHMIXTEE ON
General Oandueions.
There is every evidence that the legal aid movement which was
arrested, and in some instances broken down, by the war is enter-
ing upon a new development. Some of the difficulties and defects
mentioned in this report are shortly to be eliminated. At the
conference of delegates from legal aid organizations held in
Philadelphia on March 24 and 25, 1922, six special committees
were appointed. Among them were a committee to standardize
records, a committee to draft the framework for a national legal
aid association, and a committee to encourage closer relations
with the Bar. To give greater strength to the whole work, the
National Alliance of Legal Aid Societies has secured a special
committee of distinguished men who are directing the further
study of the work and of its needs and who are extending informa-
tion and such other assistance as circumstances permit. To this
committee the Carnegie Corporation of New York has made a
grant of funds to enable it to car^ on its work. The committee
consists of Albert F. Bigelow, William Draper Lewis, Oeorge
Wharton Pepper, Koscoe Pound, Elihu Boot, Moorfield Storey,
John H. Wigmore, William B. Vance, and has appointed Beginald
H. Smith as its secretary and John S. Bradway as its assistant
secretary.
In the fall of this year it is planned to have informal meetings
of the persons who are actually in charge of legal aid work in the
several cities so that final plans may be perfected for the stand-
ardization of records and reports, for the interchange of cases
from dtj to city, and for the calling of a convention at which a
strong national legal aid organization may be formed and a
constitution adopted.
What Practical Action the Bar Can Undertake.
Whether or not the legal aid organizations can carry out these
laudable plans will depend, in last analysis, on the attitude of the
Bar. The future of legal aid work in the United States is in the
hands of the organized Bar. The Bar's duty in tiiis respect finds
clear expression in the excerpts quoted from reports of Bar
Association committees.
The practical steps are likewise pointed out in these reports.
The first definite step is for every state and local bar association
to provide and mainUiin a standing committee on legal aid work.
The recommendation at the beginning of this repoiS is designed
to bring that about.
Such committees can do the following things :
A. If there is no legal aid organization in the city, to determine
whether or not one is needed. If one is needed, then to cooperate
in its formation. If one ia not needed then to act as an informal
X.BQAL AID WOBK. 409
legal aid body to whom poor persons may bring their eases and to
whom legal aid organizations in other cities may refer caaes for
local attention.
There are 23 cities in the United States with populations of
over 100^000 which have no legal aid organizations and pre-
STunably need them. In smaller cities and towns there may be no
need for an organization but there unquestionably is need for
somebody to whom poor persons may freely turn for assistance.
The responsibility of a Bar Association's Committee is thus to
meet whatever need there is by either forming a legal aid organi-
zation or by itself carrying on legal aid work.
B. Where there is a legal aid organization in existence^ then
the Bar Association's Committee hi^ the task for cooperation in
the following matters :
1. To inspect the organization and report on its work at least
once a year to the Bar Association.
This will tone up the legal aid work^ it will inform the Bar
as to the woric and as Mr. Hughes said it will ^' guarantee to the
community that the legal aid work does not fall into spiritless
routine.^' Where the bureau is under municipal control the
watchful supervision of the Bar may be necessary to prevent
improper political influences from corrupting, debasing, or de-
stroying the work. Legal aid organizations in Dallas and Port-
land have been killed by politics.
2. To insure that the legal aid organization does not suSer
for lack of competent directors or competent attorneys.
Vacancies occur in thq boards of directors and other executive
offices from time to time. Competent persons must be drafted
from the Bar to fill such positions. Likewise, the legal aid
attorneys are for the most part young men so that the turnover is
fairly rapid. In the matter of personnel, the legal aid organiza-
tions need all the help the Bar can give.
3. To settle such matters of policy as the legal aid organization
may refer to it, as, whether divorce cases, personal iniury cases,
ana criminal cases should be accepted, and where the line of
improper competition with the Bar is to be drawn.
4. To aid in raising the needed funds, particularly from the
Bar.
Weak finances have always crippled legal aid work. The
great difiBculty in raising funds is hard to understand because
the expenses of the work are extremely moderate. It may be that
by reason of its legal nature, the work does not carry as direct an
appeal to the public as do appeals from hospitals or children's
agencies. If this be so, it is all the more reason for the Bar to
give its support. As legal aid work is, in substance, a professional
responsibility lawyers cannot easily appeal to the public for gifts
until it can truthfully be said that the Bar has done its full share.
410 BEPOAT OF COMMITTEE ON
Figures can easily be cited to show that the Bar has by do
means done its full share. But the more constructive side of the
picture is that where the Bar has put its shoulder to the wheel it
has secured tangible results^ as in San Francisco^ Ptovidencc^ and
Newark.
5. To provide lists of attorneys to whom legal aid organizations
may refer cases which they cannot accept.
The legal aid organizations are scrupulously careful to reject
the cases of persons who can afford to retain a lawyer and pay him
a reasonable fee. Applicants who are rejected for this reason are
not rich, intelligent, well-informed people; they are persons who
are just over the line which fixes unfair competition with the
Bar, often they are immigrants, generally they are not well-
informed and do not know where to go. Invariably they ask to
be referred to a good lawyer.
The legal aid organization faces a dilemma. It is imwilling
to make no recommendation and turn the client adrift because it
knows full well that all the chances are that this sort of person
will at once fall into the hands of a ^^ runner " for some un-
scrupulous lawyer. That is a condition and not a theory. On the
other hand, if it refers these cases to attorneys of its own
selection it will promptly be accused of '* feeding'* cases to
favored attorneys.
The solution is for the Bar Association to secure a list of
attorneys who will accept such cases and who will submit their
fee for approval by the legal aid organization or by the Associa-
tion's legal aid committee. This has been done successfully in
Los Angeles. In Buffalo the legal aid society's request for such a
list has not been met by the local association. In every city the
existence ojF such an approved list would be of great practical
Talue.
6. To cooperate with the legal aid organizations in their
broader work of securing remedial legislation, and of improving
the administration of justice.
It is of especial importance in our democracy that the courts
shall be adapted to the needs of all the people. There is a good
deal of disturbing evidence today that the lower courts are not as
well organized and as well equipped as the needs of modern urban
society require. More attention should be paid to such new
developments as the domestic relations courts and the small
claims courts. Through the legal aid organizations the Bar can
secure direct evidence as to how far the poorer classes of society
find our legal institutions inadequate for their just demands.
And in cooperation with legal aid organizations the Bar can act
to remove the difficulties.
£BOAL AH) WOBK. 411
Your committee hafl been impressed by the unanimity with
which the le^l aid organizations have expressed their desire that
the Bar shomd put its moral support behind the work. Webelieve
that the organized Bar will welcome this opportunity to perform
a professional obligation which^ in its practical application and
results, is a unique contribution to the well-being of the nation.
Annexed hereto is a table giving in summary form certain
interesting facts about the present condition of legal aid work.
Bespectfully submitted,
* Andrew A. Brugb,
PORBEST C. DONNELL,
BoBERT p. Gk)LDMAK,
Mart P. Lathrop,
Bbginald Hsber Smith.
412
LBGAL AID WOBX.
Table Showing Cbetain Facts About thb Pbssbnt Condition of Legal
Aid Work in the United States as Obtained Through Question-
naires Sent to the Several Legal Aid Organizations by the Com-
MiTTEB ON Legal Aid Work.
Leffal aid oryani-
sation in
Name of organization
Type
Caaei
in
OroM
income
Inoome
from
lawywa
Membera of
gorerning
board
Total
No.
No.
lawyera
Baltimore
Boston
Buffalo
Cambridge . . . .
Chicago
Chicago
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Dayton
Detroit
Duluth
Hartford
Kansas City. ..
Los Angeles. . . .
Los Angeles. . .
Louisville . . . . •
Milwaukee
Minneapolis . . .
Newark
New Orleans.. .
New York
New York
New York
New York
Omaha
Philadelphia. ..
Pittsburgh . . . .
Plainfield
Providence
Rochester
St. Louis
St. Paul
San FrancUeo .
liCgal Aid Bureau of the
Baltimore Alliance of
Social Agencies.
Legal Aid Society.
Legal Aid Bureau.
Harvard Legal Aid
Bureau.
Legal Aid Bureau of the
United Charities.
Jewish Social Service
Bureau.
Legal Aid Society.
Legal Aid Society.
Bureau of Legal Aid.
Legal Aid Bureau of the
Detroit Bar Associa-
tion.
Free Legal Aid Bureau.
Legal Aid Bureau.
Legal Aid Bureau.
PudHc Defender.
Police Court Defender.
Legal Aid Society.
Jjegal Aid Society.
Legal Aid Society.
Essex County Legal Aid
Association.
I^egal Aid Society of
Louisiana.
Legal Aid Society.
Voluntary Defenders
Committee.
Legal Aid Bureau of
Educational Alliance.
National Desertion
Bureau.
Free Legal Aid Bureau.
Bureau of Legal Aid.
Legal Aid Society.
Charity Organization
Society.
Legal Aid Society of
Rhode Island.
Legal Aid Society.
Legal Aid Bureau.
Legal Aid Department
of United Charities.
Legal Aid Society.
Private
Private
Private
Private
Private
Private
Private
Private
Public
Private
Public
Public
Public
Public
Public
Private
Private
Private
Private
Private
Private
Private
Private
Private
Public
Public
Private
Private
Private
Private
Public
Private
Private
312
5,233
2,815
232
12,491
1,536
892
7,409
2,060
3,112
2,424
449
4,013
7,940
3,000
82
1,411
1,568
2,615
1,027
26,294
600
5,469
1,391
1,650
13,404
427
105
237
831
1,531
931
717
111,800
6,800
20,200
2,350
16,200
7,852
7,800
4,000
5,500
5,800
10
61,200
18,000
16,500
25,000
2,400
3,500
3,277
5,900
$2,000
3,800
915
3,300
12,900
900
1,160
1,800
4,600
17
21
6
7
11
13
19
6
7
9
9
6
9
24
13
30
5
10
11
15
40
9
5
30
12
21
6
6
1
7
16
4
7
6
5
18
10
4
15
1
7
9
3
20
2
3
24
/
COMMITTEE ON THE LAW OF AERONAUTICS.
To the American Bar Associaium:
The Committee on the Law of Aeronautics reports aa follows:
I-
Bbcomhbndations.
The committee recommends :
(1) That the special committee be either continued or made a
standing committee of the American Bar Association.
(2) That until Congress has enacted legislation fosterinff and
regulating aeronautics and until the Supreme Court has deter-
mined the extent of federal control over aeronautics no further
consideration be given to the question of a constitutional amend-
ment to vest exclusive jurisdiction over aeronautics in the federal
government.
(3) That the members of the American Bar Association be
urged to cooperate with the national authorities and with local
authorities in their respective states to the end that governmental
action may result which will tend to the development of aero-
nautics in the United States^ thereby contributing to our national
prosperity and strengthening our national defense.
II.
Rbport.
At the outset the committee determined to confine its inquiry
to three problems.
First : Federal legislation.
Second : The relation between federal and state I^slaticm.
Third: A constitutional amendment
The report of the special conmiittee on the law of aviation
which was submitted through the Executive Committee of the
American Bar Associaticm to the membership at large at the
annual meeting held in Cincinnati in 1921 presented so fully the
fundamental legal problems connected with the law of aeronautics
that we deem it unnecessary to restate them here. New problems
have arisen, such as the question involved in the New York case
(418)
414 REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON
of in re Beinhardt 23^ N. Y. 115, in which the queBtion was
whether a flying boat or hydroplane is subject to feaeral legisla-
tion with reference to employer's liability when moored upon
navigable waters or whether it is subject to state legislation.
This is only one of the many novel questions that have arisen and
^are bound to arise in the evolution of the law of aeronautics.
III.
Cooperation With the Committee on a Uniform
Aviation Act.
Dean George G. Bogert of Cornell Law School, who is a mem-
ber of this committee and is also Chairman of the Committee on a
Uniform Aviation Act appointed by the National Conference of
Commfesioners on Uniform State Laws, together with the chair-
man of your committee arranged for the cooperation of the two
committees in the tasks assigned them. This seemed particularly
desirable in view of the fact that the third recommendation of the
special committee's report made in 1921 called attention to the
importance of the relation between federal and state regulation
of aeronautics. It was apparent that state and federal legislation
must be made to harmonize if commercial aeronautics were to
be fostered. A joint meeting of the two committees was sub-
sequently held in Washington, D. C, on February 25, 1922.
Government officials, aircraft manufacturers and all those inter-
ested in aeronautics were invited to attend in person or to send
representatives to present their views with reference to state and
federal legislation. Between forty and fifty persons appeared
before this joint meeting, over half of whom participated in the
proceedings. Of the two committees there were present George
G. Bogert, Daniel W. Iddinffs, Charles V. Imlay, A. T. Stovafi,
George B. Young and William P. MacCracken, Jr. At the
conclusion of the afternoon meeting the committees went into
joint executive session.
IV.
State Legislation.
Dean Bogert's redraft of the uniform act was considered in
detail in the light of the opinions expressed by Government
officials, aircraft manufacturers and other interested persons and
it was decided that the uniform act should be redrafted, adopting
such suggested changes as were acceptable to a majority of the
entire committee of the commissioners.
THE LAW OP AEBONAUnCS. 416
V.
Federal Legislation.
The^so-called Wadsworth-Hicks Bill which had passed the
Senate and was then pending before the House Committee on
Interstate and Foreign Commerce was considered in detail.
While the consensus of opinion was that it was constitutional
the committee felt that a great many changes should be made
in the bill before its enactment. During the discussion it
developed that Hon. William £. Lamb, Solicitor of the Depart-
ment of Commerce, was working on a draft of a federal bill.
This committee directed its chairman to cooperate with him in
this undertaking and to offer the services of the committee to
the chairman of the House Committee on Interstate and Foreign
Commerce. Mr. Lamb is still engaged in drafting a federal act
in which work your committee is cooperating.
VL
Constitutional Amendkbnt.
At the joint meeting it was determined to refrain from taking
any action and from discussing further a constitutional amend-
ment until the initial legislation had been enacted by Congress
and passed upon by the Supreme Court Both committees and
the persons who participated in the Washington conference felt
that any action or discussion looking to a constitutional amend-
ment would only tend to delay the enactment of much needed
legislation.
VII.
Conclusion.
In conjunction with this report we submit a transcript of the
proceedings held in Washington and a copy of an article written
by Major W. Jefferson Davis published in the April issue of
United States Air Service entitled " Air Laws and Air Lanes.'*
We suggest that these be filed for future reference but that they
be not printed as a part of this report.
Respectfully submitted,
William P. MacCragken, ^n,, Chairman,
Obobgb G. Bogsbt,
Philip A. Cabboll,
W. Jeppebson Davis,
Daniel W. Iddings.
14
REPORT
or THB
COMMITTEE ON AMERICAN CITIZENSHIP.
To the American Bar Association:
This committee was appointed in pursuance of a resolution
adopted by the Executive Committee at Tampa, Florida, January
8, 1922, to devise ways for promoting the study of and devotion
to American institutions and ideals. We have interpreted this
resolution as laying upon us the duty to prepare a program under
which the lawyers of the United States, co-operating with every
patriotic society and organization, and with every true American
man and woman, shall be urged to join in an earnest effort to stem
the tide of radical, and often treasonable, attack upon our Con-
stitution, our laws, our courts, our law-making bodies, our execu-
tives and our flag, to arouse to action our dormant citizenship,
to abolish ignorance, and crush falsehood, and to bring truth into
the hearts of our citizenship.
We therefore submit the following report :
Pkomotion of Anti-American Pkopaganda.
On every hand is manifested open revolt against authority.
On November 21, 1921, the President of this Association, in
an address to a state bar association, said :
" From a period antedating the World War there has been canied on in
this countiy through various organizations, in certain papers and ma^-
zines, and, more unfortunate still, by a substantial number of the teachmg
force in our schools and universities^ a propaganda against the institu-
tions imder which we live, and particularly directed against the limita-
tions in the federal and state conistitutions. This propaganda has been a
curious as well as a dangerous one. As far as can be aetermined from the
outgivings of various persons and organizations it has been at the same
time communistic ana anarchistic. The same men and bands of men
demand in one breath a government operating all means of production,
which, to function intelligently and practicallv, would have to be a
strong government, and at the same time declare themselves supoior
even to the reasonable restraints of the laws existing under the limited
government we now have.
The authors of this propaganda proceed in various ways, but in aU
cases through persistent attacks upon existing conditions. Sometimes
the attack is openj other times covert. It may be in the form of direct
denunciation or sinister suggestion, the latter being more commonly
emplo^red by the half-baked, so-called educator in the schools who
bumptiously declares himself to be an investigator or seeker after truth.
Having elevated himself into that high-sounding position, his lectures
are full of suggestive queries as to whether in ract things are right as
they exist, fibme such teachers argue for socialism ; others for a legisla-
(416)
AMERICAN CITIZENSHIP. 417
ture uncontrolled by the courts. One college professor, wliile occupying
an important chair in a |preat university^ wrote a book not long ago in
which, in addition to radical economic views, he devoted one chapter to
the question as to whether in fact the marriage relation as it has existed
for ages, is not fundamentally wrong; and in another chapter queried as
to whetner the Christian religion was not man-made and out of date.
I have no objection to this gentleman entertaining these views or raising
these Queries in his own mmd, or arguing them with adults, but I do
seriously object to having him paid a salary to inject these questions into
the uninformed minds of the coming generation."
This is a conservative expression of actual conditions.
ProfoTind ignorance of the simple prindples of our American
government is an ever-growing menace. All around us is evidence
of loss of faith in the fundamental principles of our institutions.
The Constitution.
Many of our people are convinced that the Constitution was
intended as an aid to the ridi and powerful That it affords un-
warranted immunities ^ the railroads and other great corpora-
tions> and is an instrument of oppression to the poor.
They do not know that the Constitutional limitation invoked
by the corporation to protect its property in time of danger is
exactly the same limitation upon which the widow, the working
man and the farmer rely to guard their possessions against
wrongful invasion.
They do not know that no man is so poor or so obscure, that
he cannot, in the hour of threatened injury, turn to the Constitu-
tion as his protection against the wrongful acts of the rich and
socially prominent.
We are convinced that if it could be submitted to a vote, a large
number of our citizens would vote in favor of abolishing the
Constitution entirely.
The Courts.
Qroes ignorance of, and bitter prejudice against the courts are
manifest in every community. We boast^ and we^have a right to
boast, of the marvelous achievements of modem civilization. The
meet wonderful thing that civilization has brought to the human
race is not our music, our literature, our sculpture, our architec-
ture; not our accomplishments in science and invention. The
most wonderful — the most marvelous thing which civilization
has brought to the human race is a method and a tribunal for
settling tiie differences between men in an orderly and peaceful
way. Men are so constituted that they will disagree. Perhaps
the foundation of this human trait is selfishness, perhaps it is
pride, perhaps it is the love — ^nay, the demand — ^for justice which
exists in every human heart. In the olden days the differences
between men were settled by brute force. This made the strong
418 REPORT OP COMMITTBB ON
man the master. This was tme not only of individuals, but also
of nations. War, with rare exceptions, has been the only instru-
ment to settle international differences. We have not yet folly
completed the establishment of a tribunal, universally recognized,
to settle international disputes, but the great heart of humanity
is-filled with the hope that out of our recent World War will come
the solution — that an international court will be established
which will forever end war and its hideous consequences.
After centuries of crude efforts, the human race has found a
way to protect individual rights, and to restrain and punish wrong.
Tins tribunal now provided in all civilized nations is called a
court. To define and direct and restrain human actions — ^to pro-
vide for the punishment of wrongdoei^, we have rules of conduct
called laws. The purpose of a court is to administer these laws.
In this country laws are enacted by the people. So that now,
instead of grasping in angry passion the battle-ax or the bludgeon
as did our ancestors, we turn to the law and to the courts for the
punishment of those who do us wrong. The law and the courts are
the only barriers that stand between us and anarchy. When men
ignore the courts and defy the law they become savages. Mob
rule turns back the hands upon the great dock of time and sweeps
away the greatest achievement of civilization. Confidence in the
law and in the courts is the demand of this troubled hour. The
duty to maintain law and order in times of peace is just as sacred
as the duty to uphold the power and ttie dignity of the nation in
times of war.
Unfortunately the people know but little of the work of the
courts. They read occasionally of some apparent miscarriage
of justice, but they know nothing of the hundreds of thousands
of cases tried each year in the thousands of courts in this country
in which no claim is made by any one that substantial justice is
not administered.
It is most unfortunate that large numbers labor under the
mistaken notion that judges in deciding cases have full power to
do as they please. They have never learned the great toith ex-
1>ressed by Chief Justice Marshall, that this is a ^ government of
aws and not of men,'' and that every judge upon the Bench, from
the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States to
the police magistrate, is just as firmly bound by the law as is
the humblest citizen.
They do not realize that every judge has taken a solemn oath
to administer the law as it is, no matter how much he may wish
it were otherwise.
Injunctions.
Because injunctions are issued in certain cases, judges are
bitterly criticized, when to deny the right of injunction would be
AMBBICAN OITIZfiNSHIP. 419
to violate the judicial oath. InjunctioDs are hateful when they
restrain us from desired action^ but when our rights are in jeop-
ardy, we hasten to the courts for injunctive relief.
It is much better for individuals and for society that wrong
should be prevented than to award damages after wrong is done.
It is better to prevent the forest fire than to attempt to reforest
the devastated region.
Yet at a recent convention it was imanimously declared that:
" The continued exercise of this unwarranted power is a blasphemy on
the rights and claims of free men of America."
Confidence in the courts must be revived. Faith in the justice
of America must be restored.
In this country, the people can have any law they desire, pro-
vided they take pains to organize and crystallize public sentiment.
Besistance to authority is resistance to the will of tiiie people. No
o£Scial can speak with authority unless he finds such authority
in the law of the land.
Gross Indipferbnob of Our People.
The gravest danger is the gross indifference of our people to
the duties of citizenship.
The fathers of the republic wrested political power from Par-
liament and the king to vest it in the people. From the moment
that the Constitution was approved no man, no body of men, no
class, no ofiScial, except the people, could enact a law, and none
save the people, or the chosen representatives of the people, could
enforce it.
Out of all the experiments in government, tried in all the
thousands of years of the existence of the human family, our
government was born. Out of the centuries of human struggle,
emerged at last a government with a written constitution. For
the first time in human experience guarantees of freedom of
worship, freedom of thought, freedom of speech, freedom of the
press, and freedom of ownership of property, were enshrined in
a written covenant — ^in the Constitution of the United States.
This government rests upon the will of the people.
Now we are facing this problem: What shall become of a
government by the people if the people refuse to govern?
Under our plan, the will of the people is expressed at the ballot
box. The right to vote is a glorious privilege. The destiny of
the nation rests upon its intelligent exercise.
In the presidential election of 1920, only 26,657,866 legal
voters went to the polls out of 54,421,332 persons of voting age
in the United States, being barely more than 50 per cent of the
legal voters of the entire country.
420 REPORT OF COHHITTBE ON
Never in our history has there been so much of hatred^ and
prejudice, and suspicion, and greed, and malice ; never has there
been more division and strife ; never so little effort to pull together
in the exercise of a common purpose to improve social and
industrial conditions.
Our Form of Government Now Challenged.
The harvest of anti-Americanism is ripening. Our form of
government is challenged, not alone upon the soap-box, not alone
by oath-bound secret societies that cloak their deadly hatred of
free principles under the guise of patriotism, but by men **in
the seats of the mighty .'' Our proud boast has been that, in our
Constitution, we have a Bill of Sights, guaranteeing to the hum-
blest certain inalienable privileges which cannot be destroyed by
executives, by courts, or by legislative bodies; not even by a
majority of the people themselves. For nearly a century and a
half the courts have guarded with zeal and courage this BiU of
Bights.
Now comes a member of the United States Senate, who charges
our Supreme Court, the highest court in the world, with usurping
power, and who demands that our written Constitution shall be
wiped out. The proposal that legislative bodies elected by a mere
majority of the people shall be clothed with supreme power, can
mean nothing less than the destruction of our written Constitu-
tion. Under such proposal, the American people are guaranteed
freedom of speech only until some legislative body declares other-
wise ; our people may have religious freedom — freedom of worship
— only until a legislature otherwise decrees. We may have free-
dom of the press, freedom of thought, freedom to own property,
only until a majority of the people, through their representatives,
shall announce the destruction of these sacred rights. A man's
house may be his castle, his contracts may be sacred, only until the
legislative pen is drawn through the most sacred proclamation
ever issued to the world.
This movement is not merely an attack upon the courts ; it is
an attack upon our form of government — a government by the
people under a written Constitution. It is a most disheartening
symptom that it arouses so little interest and so little public con-
demnation. It is only too apparent that very many of our people
do not realize what this destructive proposal means, or else that
they have little interest in the questions involved.
The Challenge Has Been Aooefted.
But this challenge of our institutions and of our plan of j^overn-
ment has been accepted. The Bar of America will stand nrm for
the oath which they have taken, to defend the Constitution of thn
AMERICAN CITIZENSHIP. 421
United States. They will defend the Constitution whether the
attack upon it comes from those in official Ufe or those who openly
proclaim antagonism to everything American.
The Bbhedy.
There is but one remedy for our national ills — education.
Knowledge and inspiration are essential to citizenc^p. '
The schools of America must save America I
But we must not be content with merely imparting knowledge.
American citizenship should mean patriotism, and patriotism is
not of the intellect alone ; it is very largely of the spirit and of the
heart. It cannot be taught by merely imparting information. It
cannot be taught by a mere discussion of principles. Religion is
of the spirit; so is patriotism.
In teaching citizenfihip^ the real essential is '' atmosphere.'^
An appeal must be made to the heart, to the spirit and to tlie
emotions, as well as to the intellect.
Gratitude must be developed, pride must be aroused, love must
be inspired. We doubt whether pride can be stirred or whetiier
love can find a place, in any heart in which gratitude is not alive.
The college or university which confers a degree upon any
student until such person understands and feels that under our
Constitution this is a government by the people, with self-imposed
Hmitations based upon a recognition of inalienable individual
rights, is sowing the seed of destruction of the faith of the fathers.
Every college graduate is a center of influence in the communis
in which he Uves — ^a center of influence for good or evil. And
whether such influence be for good or for evil depends largely
upon impressions gained during college days. The schools of
America should no more consider graduating a student who lacks
faith in our government tlian a school of theology should consider
graduating a minister who lacks faith in God.
Socialism is being taught in some of our schools and colleges.
We are not afraid of the teaching of socialism as one of many
theories of government, but we do object to its presentation as the
only true theory. We do object to the teaching of the socialistic
premise that our present form of government is unworthy of
respect and diould be swept away. Until the faith of Waidiington,
and Jefferson, and Hamilton, and Franklin, and Madison, and
Lincoln has been crushed, until patriotism and loyalty .and con-
fidence have been driven out of the heart, there is no room in the
American conscience for the gospel of the socialistic agitator.
Our Constitution mav be amended, new laws may be made, old
laws may be repealed, out every change which is made must be
made in a constitutional way. The nation must stand as it was
builded upon the foundation laid by the fathers. It will always
422 REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON
be a government by the entire people. No group, whether it be
called a soviet, or a syndicate, or a commune, whether it be com-
posed of capitalists or of the proletariat, whether it be made up
of employers or of employees, of millionaires or of paupers — no
group will ever rule in this country.
Reoohhbndatioks.
Your committee recommends :
(1) The appointment of a standing committee, to be known as
the ** Committee upon American Citizenship," composed of five
members representing difiPerent parts of the United States.
(2) Such committee shall establish a bureau to have active
charge, under its direction, of the education, training and devel-
opment of a better citizenship.
(3) Such committee and the bureau established by it shall be
non-partisan in all political controversies and in all disputes
between employers and employees, to the end that their power
and influetice in the field of the development of true citizenship
shall not be weakened by any feeling that the American Bar
Association and it agencies are representative of any particular
class.
(4) The activities of the bureau shall be directed toward :
(a) Arousing patriotic effort of the members of the Bar in
every state, utifizing to this end the state, city and country bar
associations, and co-ordinating with all societies having the same
ends in view.
(b) Arranging programs and outlining plans for patriotic
community effort.
(c) Impressing upon members of the Bar that they are called
to duty as leaders in educational and patriotic effort, and making
them realize that they are sworn to uphold and defend the Consti-
tution and the laws of our country.
(d) Arranging for the appointment of a committee in every
community, whose duty it shall be to see that the Constitution
of the United States is taught in every school, public and private,
throughout the United States.
(e) Such committees shall report to the bureau the courses in
each state, the textbooks used, and the qualification of teachers for
teaching American citizenship.
(f) The bureau shall endeavor to have made provision for
training in citizenship, not only in the schools, but for adults who
have never had an opportunity to study the simple but important
truths of this government. Methods should be devised to carry
into the homes the truth about our institutions in order to counter-
act the falsehoods disseminated through the anti-American news-
papers, books and magazines.
AMERICAN GITIZBNSHIP. 423
(g) Realizing that newspaper and magazines are the medium
of education for our adult citizens, we recommend that the bureau,
when organized, wherever possible shall arrange for a ^^ Depart-
ment of American Citizenship^' in all papers, magazines and
journals, the material therefore to be furnished by the bureau if
requested.
(h) That the committee reouest the co-operation of the Com-
missioners on Uniform State Laws in an effort to have enacted
in each state suitable laws making a course each year in the study
of and devotion to American institutions and ideals part of the
curriculum in all schools and colleges sustained o.r in any manner
supported by public funds.
(5) Your committee is impressed with the wonderful work
done in past years through the ^^ University Interscholastie
League " organized in Texas, and now expanded under the title
^^The Citizenship League of American Schools and Colleges/'
This organization realizes the value of school contests in orations,
essays and declamations upon patriotic subjects. It thus arouses
the spirit of contest, and this inspires not only the interest of
pupils and students, but also arouses the interest of the fathers
and mothers.
f 6) Your committee realizes that the plans we have outlined
will require the use of considerable money. We feel that the Bar
of the country will be liberal in contribution, but we also feel
that the burden should not rest upon the Bar alone. We believe
that the public wiU have enough interest in this cause to see that
money enough is provided to enable it to perform the greatest
good, and we recommend that the Committee on American Citi-
zenship shall have authority to call for, and receive, contributions
to carry on the work — ^no indebtedness to be created, imposing any
obligation upon this Association, or its membership.
Your committee expresses its deep appreciation for suggestions
from many lawyers not members of the committee, and to numer-
ous teachers and writers in schools and colleges, and to business
men — all of whom have expressed their desire to be of service In
this great cause. We are sure that when our Citizenship Bureau
is organized all these can be relied upon for real assistance. The
foregoing plan is intended only to be suggestive. The perma-
nent committee, when constituted, will be expected to work out
in detail an adequate plan in general conformity with this report.
Respectfully submitted,
Martin J. Wade,
Walter George Smith,
Edgar B. Tolman,
Andrew A. Bruce,
RoBT. E. L. Saner.
RKPORT
OF THK
SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON LAW ENFORCEMENT.
To the American Bar Association:
The members of your Committee on Law Enforcement, recog-
nizing not only the great honor conferred upon them, but also
the diflSculty and importance of their task, immediately after
the adjournment of the convention in September last, keeping
in touch with one another through their chairman and from time
to time by personal meetings, took up their work imder your
commission.
The first difficulty which confronted us was a discouraging
dearth of oflBcial information upon the criminal situation in the
United States. No other great civilized country is so far behind
on this important matter.
First of all we urge the establishment, under the control of
the Department of Justice at Washington, of a Federal Bureau
of Records and Statistics to which criminal authorities in the
several states must regularly report ; that such reports, statistics,
records, photographs, finger prints, etc., shall be immediately
available to officers charged with enforcement of the criminal
law throughout the country. Witiiout knowledge of the real
situation, it will be impossible thoroughly to diagnose or properly
deal with the problems of crime whidi confront Us.
Up to 1910 the government, through its census bureau, com-
piled a report of prison statistics. While lacking in some
essentials, this compilation still supplied much valuable infor-
njation. In the census of 1920, just when the study of American
criminology could accomplish most, for some unaccountable
reason the government abandoned altogether this most* impor-
tant subject. Police records, reports of mayors of cities, and of
coroners and prosecuting ofiicers, and like official tabulations are
seldom complete or conclusive, for the reason that for the most
part they consist not of actual data of crimes proven, but only
of accusations of and arrests for crimes.
Without such information before us, it wa« difficult to begin
any thoroughly scientific investigation. However, your com-
mittee went to work at all the sources of information it could
find. Several of your committee individually visited the larger
cities of the country where special movements for the suppression
of crime had been inaugurated.
(424)
LAW ENFORCEMENT. 485
To the north of us is a country possessing the same substantive
laws^ the same religions^ and, for the most part, similar dominant
races; in that country, however, the criminal conditions are
strikingly dissimilar to our own.
We believed that an examination into the Canadian situation
might be helpful in our investigation. Accordingly, one of youi
committee, in December of last year, visited the' cities of Mon-
treal, Toronto, and Hamilton, and made a visit to the peni-
tentiary at Kingston.
Inasmuch as the statistics in Chicago, owing to the work of
the Chicago Crime Commission, are fairly accurate, we beg
leave to oner the contrasts shown by these statistics as illumina-
tive of the entire criminal situation.
The population of Canada is about 9,000,000, that of Cook
County, Illinois, about 3,000,000, and that of Chicago, 2,700,000.
Notwithstanding this, we find that there were in 1921 :
In Joliet penitentiary one of the Illinois state prisons, 1930
prisoners.
In all Canada's penitentiaries, 1930 prisoners.
In Chicago 4785 burglaries.
In Canada 2270 burglaries.
In Chicago 2594 robberies.
In Canada, robberies including larceny from the person, 605.
In Cook County 212 murders.
In Canada 57 murders.
It will not do to say that the Canadians are naturally more
law-abiding than we, for the United States census of 1910 shows
that when persons born in Canada settle in the United States,
they are even a little less law-abiding than the native white citi-
zens of this country.
Out of a Canadian born population of 1,196,070 in this
country in 1910, 7956 were in our prisons, and out of the natives
of 17 foreign countries living here, Canadians ranked sixth in
lawlessness.
The natives of certain European countries which have the
best record for law observance, when settled here become the
most lawless of all.
These facts seem to dispose of two theories relative to crime :
First, that foreigners are more law-abiding because they are
naturally so constituted.
Second, the other contention that crime is largely due to
mental disease. It is absurd to contend that we are so mentally
inferior to all other nations as to make this difference in crime;
if so, why is it that the foreign-bom criminals seldom get
dementia prsecox until they cross the ocean ? Dr. Herman Adler
and a corps of assisting psychologists spent more than a year
investigating the mentahty of the inmates of Joliet Penitentiary.
426 REPORT OF SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON
The result of these investigations, as presented to your com-
mittee, was to the effect that the intelligence of the average
prisoner equals that of the average enlisted man in our national
army in the World War.
A few of the observable differences between this country and
Canada may be noticed at once ; Canada has but three laxge
cities, most of its people live in smaller towns and in the country.
Further, the administrators of the criminal law in Canada are
absolutely beyond the reach of politics. The chief of police in
any Canadian city is secure in his office for life if he makes good ;
so is every other policeman in Canada. The police force is a
compactly organized semi-military body. The judge is there for
life, and so, practically, if he so desire, is the prosecuting attorney.
Then, too, while the substantive law is the same as our own,
the methods of its application are altogether different. Justice
is swift and certain. When a Canadian is convicted, in 99 cases
out of 100 that ends the matter. The Minister of Justice may, it
is true, interfere if it appears that perhaps the defendant has
been convicted on insufficient proof. A large proportion of even
the more serious cases are tried by the judge without a jury.
As was stated to your committee, crime flourishes because
criminals escape punishment, and criminals escape punishment
because there are so many avenues of escape open. The pre-
valence of the abnormal volume of crime in our larger cities is
the result of years of mollycoddling and sympathy by misin-
formed and ill-advised meddlers.
In Canada the penalties imposed for crime are far more severe
than our own. In fact, the theory there seems to involve pro-
tection to the public, with only a secondary concern for the
criminal.
Again, the general character of our immigrants is different.
The Canadian population is homogeneous, ours inextricably
heterogeneous. Several European countries encourage emigra-
tion to the United States. Some undoubtedly encourage criminal
emigration.
Prior to 1900 we had fewer foreign-born criminals than native
born. The Immigration Commission appointed by the Sixty-
first Congress reported that while this was then true, neverthe-
less the children of the foreign-born, together with the foreign-
born, contributed a larger percentage of criminals in proportion
to their number, than tiie native-bom whites.
As shown by the United States Census 1910, page 110, out
of 100,000 of the native-bom white population there were 312.4
prisoners; out of 100,000 of the foreign-born 732.6 were in our
prisons.
Finally, there prevails an undefined but palpable difference
in the attitude toward the law of the two men upon the street —
y LAW ENFOBGEMENT. 427
the Canadian and the American. There exists in some of the
European races an inherited fear of law. This fear comes from
a time scarcely a century away when the punishment of every
serious crime was death for the offender. The races who live
across our Northern border have not wholly broken away from
that influence.
Following these investigations, your committee, in order to
ascertain at first hand the conditions of affairs in the several
centers of population^ held open sessions : in Washington March
6 and 7, in Chicago April 10 and 11, in Joliet Penitentiary April
12, in New York June 1 and 2, and a final conference in St. Paul
July 10 and 11. At these sessions a number of leading penologists
and criminologists appeared and testified.
In Joliet prison half a dozen of the more intelligent profes-
sional criminals gave us the attitude of the criminal mind.
We have been favored with some thousands of pages of printed
and typewritten matter, most of which is of importance and has
receivcKl our careful attention.
As to whether there actually exists a so-called crime wave in
this country, we respectively report :
In 1880 there were 30,659 prisoners in our penitentiaries ; in
1890, 46,233; in 1904, 53,292; in 1910, 58,800. At our solici-
tation the Crime Commission of Chicago sent a questionnaire to
the 85 wardens of state and federal prisons in this country, ask-
ing that information be sent us as to the size and character of
their prison population.
Prom all the data and opinions of experts which your com-
mittee has been able to gather, we beg leave to report that —
particularly since 1890 — ^there has been, and continues, a widen-
ing, deepening tide of lawlessness in this country, sometimes
momentarily receding, to swell again into greater depth and
intensity. At intervals this tide billows into waves that rise
and break, but only for a time attracting public attention.
In a statement made before your committee, ex-Justice John
W. Goff, ex-recorder of New York, summed up the situation
thus:
Officials in some cities claim there is no crime wave. The newspapers
throughout the country claim that there is a wave of crime.
Be that as it may, it is not for this committee, or anyone addressing it,
to enter into a discussion whether it exists or not; but, at all events,
I think it can be safely stated that in the history of this country we have
never been before confronted with anything like the criminal conditions
we have today * * * * Not a day passes that there is not recounted in
the newspapers some terrible outrage involving robbery and murder
* * * * In my humble judgment, the cardinal fault in the administra-
tion of criminal justice today is the lack df promptness and finality in
the administration of the law. Statutory regulation and amendment
may be of some use, but all statutory legislation has had a tendency
within the last quarter of a century in favor of the criminal.
428 REPORT OF 8PB0IAL COMMITTEE ON
The criminal situation in the United States, so far as crimen
of violence are concerned, is worse than that in any other civi-
lized country. Here" there is less respect for law. While your
comnuttee cannot obtain the exact figures, from all available
sources of information, we estimate that there were more than
9500 unlawful homicides last year in this eoimtry; that in 1920
there occurred not less than 9000 such homicides, and that in no
year during the past 10 years did the number fall below 8500.
In other words, during the past 10 years, no less than 85,000
of our citizens have penshed by poison, by the pistol or the knife,
or by some other unlawful and deadly instrument.
Burglaries have increased in this country during the past 10
years 1200 per cent.
In short, our situation today appears almost as bad as that of
England, France, Italy, and Spain as late as 1837, as portrayed
by Lord Bowen.
Another important phase of this situation deserves careful
attention. We deem it important to note tiie material difference
between the character of crime conditions prevailing here and
those abroad. Our regrettable eminence is due in most part to
crimes of violence against the person and property. In 1910,
out of the 58,800 confined in our state and federal prisons,
15,316, or more than 25 per cent of all prisoners, had com-
mitted homicides. While of course this number includes the
accumulaition of yeaiB, this awful fact still bears its own
significance.
The evidence before us shows that there has been since 1910 a
steady and terrible increase not only in homicides, but also in
burglaries and robberies. One state has in its different prisons
3547 inmates; of these 1429 are guilty of taking the lives of
human beings. Taken at random, a few prison records showing
the number incarcerated for homicide the first of January of
this year will illustrate the general situation :
Population HomicideH
California, San Quentin 2,585 482
Nevada 150 26
Idaho 295 50
New Mexico 358 77
Delaware 349 28
New Jersey, Trentpn 1,286 290
Kentucky 544 169
JoHet. Illinois 1,930 454
North Dakota 235 26
Georgia , 3,547 1,429
South Dakota .: 320 \ no murders
r5 manslaughter
Indiana ..1,451 332
Mississippi 1,590 641
Iowa 755 144
LAW ENFORCEMENT. 4S9
Deliberate murder^ burglary and robbery will seldom be
attempted unless the criminal is armed. In European countries
the criminals, as a rule, are not armed.
On the other hand, in crimes which indicate the dishonesty
of th^ people, such as larcency, extortion, counterfeiting, forgery,
fraud and other crimes of swindling^ a comparison of conditions
demonstrates that the morals of this country are better tlian in
any other of the large coimtries of the world. The American
people are an honest people; commercial integrity here works to
a higher standard than in any other land, the morality oi the
country ia higher, the lives of its citizens are cleaner, offenses
against women aad children are less frequent aad more uni-
versally abhorred.
The criminals of this country number less than one-third of
1 per cent of the entire population. One serious obstacle to the
enforcement of the criminal law arises from the attitude of the
law-abiding citizen when called upon to aid in its actual admin-
istration. The American temperament adjusts itself to sym-
pathy with the accused and a corresponding disregard for the
rights of the public. In cases where much public feeling is
aroused the man of affairs too often deserts the cause of justice.
Chief Justice Scanlan, of the Criminal Court of » Chicago, re-
ferring to some labor trials in his court a few years ago, said :
Three hundred and eightv busineas men were called for jury service
and 379 of them perjured themselves out of the jury box.
Want of sympathy, if not actual disrespect for the law, reaches
up to the highest stations and extends down to the lowest. The
ultimate enforcement of the law rests upon the jury box. If the
average American citizen had without sympathy or prejudice
performed his duty this terrible record would not have to be
written.
In a general way the committee has endeavored to consider
the question in a three-fold aspect :
First, the extent of lawlessness in this country and a compari-
son as between the conditions in this country and those in other
civilized nations. .
Second, the causes of lawlessness.
Third, suggestions as to possible remedies.
Crime and lawlessness in the United States have been steadily
on the increase and out of proportion to our growth, and there
has been a steady and growing disrespect for law. In oui
opinion this 10 not a result of the war. We do not find the
proportional increase in crime from 1916 to 11122 greater than
from 1910 to 1916, and we have not been able to discover that
crimes of violence have materially increased in France, England,
430 REPORT OF SPBGIAL OOHMITTEB ON
or Canada during or since the war, although the effects of the
war naturally must be more marked in those countries.
It is our united opinion that the means provided in the United
States fqr coping with crime and criminals are today neither
adequate nor efficient^ for example :
First, we find that the parole and probation laws, as admin-
istered, very generally fail to accomplish the purposes for which
the laws were designed and weaken the administration of crimi-
nal justice. We recommend that first offenders, and first
offedders only, should be eligible for probation. The theory of
the law, of course, is that the prisoner, on account of hia good
conduct, and where it has been demonstrated in the opinion of
expert parole authorities that it is safe for the public generally^
should be released. It is unquestionably true that in substanti-
aUy all of the cases, no matter what the crime nor how hardened
the criminal, the boards of parole, with little if any discrimina-
tion, have released the prisoner at the end of the minimum of
the sentence. Those responsible for such administration over-
look the purposes of punishment aa a deterrent, disregard utterly
the safei^ of the public, and defeat the very purpose of the law.
We recommend that the indeterminate sentaice laws should be
modified so as to apply to first offenders only, and we beUeve, too,
that neither probation nor parole should be permitted those
convicted of homicide, burglary, rape or highway robbery.
Second, we find that over 90 per cent of the murders in this
country are committed by the use of pistols. We find that the
laws prohibiting the carrying of firearms or deadly weapons are
ineffective — in fact, that they work to the benefit of the criminal
rather than to the law-abiding citizen. The revolver serves no
useful purpose in the community today. We recommend that
the manufacture and sale of pistols, and of cartridges or ammu-
nition designed to be used in them, shall be absolutely pro-
hibited, save as such manufacture shell be necessary for govern-
mental and official use under proper legal regulation and control.
Third, we find the causes for delay in criminal cases so varied
and the conditions so differing, that we hesitate to make specific
recommendations. Certainly it is true that the criminals and
not the public benefit by these delays. The Constitution pro-
vides : ^^ In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the
right to a speedy trial.*' As everyone familiar with criminal
prosecution knows, this is the kind of enjoyment that few
charged with crime desire.
Dilatory motions, such as motions to inspect the grand jury
minutes, which the trial judge may take under consideration
almost indefinitely; motions for an order dismissing an indict-
ment, from which, if granted, the prosecution in many of our
states has no right to appeal ; adjournments on account of other
LAW BNFORGEMBKT. 431
engagements of counsel^ a privilege greatly abused in some
jurisdictions^ and many other causes for delay^ all accrue to the
benefit of the law-breaker.
We recommend that the state be ffiven every right to appeal
now enjoyed by a defendant — except from a verdict of not guilty,
and we recommend that the prosecutor in a criminal trial shall
have the right to call the attention of the jury to the fact that
the defendant has failed to take the stand or has failed himself
to contradict or deny the testimony offered by the prosecution.
We lecommend that the state be given the right to amend the
indictment upon proper terms^ in matters of form.
We recommend that there should be but one appeal from a
judgment of conviction in the trial court.
We recommend that there be enacted legislation limiting the
time during which judges or courts may hold under advisement
dilatory motions made in criminal trials; that at the eviration
of such time^ without action, such a motion shall be deemed to
be denied.
Fourth, we find that in some of the states the jury is the final
judge both of the law and the facts. The court may inform the
jurors as to the law, but he must instruct them that while he has
expressed his opinion, they must be the final judges, not only
as to the facts, but as to the law, and its application to the
evidence. Thus it is clearly within the power of jurors abso-
lutely to nullify the laws of a sovereign state and there is no
appeal on the part of the government from their determination.
We believe that such a condition is absolutely subversive of a
government of law and we recommend the reped of such statutes.
Fifth, we find in various jurisdictions glaring abuses in the
matter of bail, both in the amounts imposed and in the sufiSciency
of security offered.
Sixth, we find that further legislation should be enacted by the
Congress to punish and. prevent lynching and mob violence.
Seventh, we find that more stringent laws limiting and con-
trolling immigration should be enacted and enforced.
Eighth^ we find that the bill now pending in the Congress;
increasing the number of United States District Judges and
conferring powers upon the Chief Justice and Senior Circuit
Judges to have supervision over the work of the courts and see
that the dockets are kept clear, should be enacted.
Ninth, no meritorious case, whether civil or criminal, that is
cognizable in the courts of the country, ought to be denied the
services of an able, courageous and loyal advocate. And no man
or woman, however humble, ought to be able to say in any Ameri-
can community that justice is too expensive for the poor. We
therefore urge that in every community the members of this
association volunteer to aid, without fee, the worthy poor who
432 LAW ENFOBCEMENT.
are being oppressed, defrauded or otherwise wronged, and who
have not the meaas to employ counsel.
Tenth, first offenders must be segregated from veteran
criminals, for the jails throughout the land today are breeding
places for crime, and the young and thoughtless who may often
be reclaimed, are taught by professional criminals to scorn the
restraints of society; and in this connection we may well con-
sider the extension of psychopathic laboratories established as
adjuncts to the criminal courts.
From what has been intinmted, many more specific recom-
mendations could have been made which, if adopted, might im-
prove the eflSciency of our courts. But in the opinion of the
committee it is not necessary to wait another day, or to wait for
new laws. Such laws would be helpful, but if we honestly and
thoroughly enforce those which we already have, we shall have
traveled a long ways towards the solution of the problem.
Respectfully submitted,
William B. Swanby, Chairman,
Mabcus Kavanaqh,
Chables S, Whitman,
Wade H. Ellis,
Chables W. Pabnham,
Committee.
REPORT
OF THB
SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON INTERNAL REVENUE LAW AND
ITS MEANS OF COLLECTION.
To the American Bar Association:
A majority of the Special Committee on Internal Beveiiue
Law and Its Means of Collection^ appointed by the President of
the Association, October 5, 1921, met in Washington, D. C,
January 17 and 18, 1922.
After a general conference in which the order of business was
determined, the committee proceeded to call upon D. H. Blair,
Commissioner of Internal Revenue ; C. P. Smith, Assistant to the
Commissioner; James H. Beal and Joseph E. Sterrett, mem-
bers of the Tax Simplification Board; N. T. Johnson, Chairman
of the Committee on Appeals and Review; Carl A. Mapes, Solici-
tor of Internal Revenue and E. H. Batson, Deputy Commissioner.
To each of these gentlemen it was explained that the purpose of
the committee was to further the cooperation of the members of
the Bar and the officers of the Treasury Department in the en-
forcement of the federal tax laws and the regulations issued
thereunder.
Various preliminary suggestions were brought forth at each
interview indicative of the type of recommendation the com-
mittee was considering preparatory to taking formal action.
These suggestions were discussed from many angles and the
Government officers were assured of the assistance of the com-
mittee.
A second session of the committee was held the evening of
January 17 and a third session on the forenoon of January 18.
At the third session it was voted that the editor of the Journal
of the American Bar Association be asked to lend his columns to a
request for suggestions from the members of the Association
generally which niight be utilized by the committee in formulat-
ing its proposals. The Secretary was instructed to carry out this
feature and did so, the result subsequently appearing in the
February issue of the Jouenal.
It was further voted that a second and final meeting of the
committee be held in Washington, March 27 and 28 if such days
should be feasible and if not, that such meeting be held as soon
thereafter as could be conveniently arranged.
(433) '
434 REPORT OF SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON
In accordance with this resolution^ the committee held a second
meeting in Washington, D. C, on the 4th day of May, 1922. A
majority of the committee was present, abd proceeded to call
npon the Secretary of the Treasury, engaging in conference Mr.
J. H. Beal, Chairman of the Tax Simplification Board. Mr. Beal
was advised of the formal recommendations the committee in-
tended making and requested that they be submitted to the
Department in writing. As the result of this request the follow-
ing letter was written :
Secretary of the Treasury, Commiaeioner oflntemal Revenue, Chair''
man of the Tax SimpUficatum Board, Washington, D. C.
Gbntlbmbn^—As the result of a conference with Mr. J. H. Beal,
Chairman of the Tax Simplification Board, and at his suggestion, we are
submitting the following recommendations with respect to certain fea-
tures of the practice and procedure in the Bureau of Litemal Revenue,
with respect to the income and excess profits taxes.
1. An examination of Department Circular No. 230, issued April 25,
1922, promulgating rep:ulations governing Hie recognition of attorneys
and agents representing claimants and others before the Treaairy
Department, indicates that while such attorneys and agents are subject
to very stringent— and imdoubtedly proper— regulations, very little
provision is made by the Department for their protection. As a conse-
quence, we believe that regulations should be issued containing reas-
onable and proper provisions for the recognition and protection of
attorneys and agents representing taxpayers before the Treasury Depart-
ment. In this respect we specifically recommend the promulgation of
additional regulations to the effect that once a duly qualified attorney
or agent has filed the requisite power of attorney to act for a taxpayer
thereafter said attorney or agent be regarded and treated as the sole
channel for communications between the department and the taxpayer
in so far as the power of attorney filed permits, to the end that an attom^r
before the department may receive the same recognition and have the
same rights that he enjoys before a court of record.
2. In view of repeated embarrassments encountered by the represen-
tatives of taxipayers prosecuting matters upon appeal from the Income
Tax Unit arising from the introduction at the hearing upon appeal of
questions concerning which the said representatives were not advised
when the appeal was taken, we recommend: That in all departmental
I)roceedings of an appellate nature, the position of the unit below as. to
aw and fact shall be fully stated in writing to the taxpayer or his
representatives in such manner that all the issues between the unit and
the taxpayer shall be clearly defined and that all opinions rendered
upon such issues shall be communicated in full to the taxpayer affected
and made available as to the principles involved to all taxpayers affected
thereby.
3. In view of the practice of the department of ascribing as the basis
of decisions rendered, opinions which are not made available to the
taxpayer either before or after the hearing, we recommend : That any final
opinion, recommendation or decision rendered by the department, or
any subdivision thereof, affecting any particular taxpayer shall be
communicated to him and be made available to any oUier taxpayer
affected by the general principle enunciated in such final opinion, recom-
mendation, or decision.
4. In view of the existing congestion and neceesaiy delay resulting
from the enormous volum^, of business being handled by the Bureau of
INTERNAL REVENUE LAW. 436
Internal Revenue, we recommend: That there be provided separate
conference rooms for each of the major divisionB of the Income Tax
Unit and that general facilities for giving the taxpayer, or his repre-
senative, apcess to the officer having the taxpayer's case in charge be
improved in those matters which do not require formal or extended
conferences.
5. In view of the |nreat loss and injustice that has resulted from the
long delay in obtaining judicial construction of certain provisions
of the Revenue laws, we recommend: That the department evolve a
procedure whereby there may be more speedily obtained court divisions
m those disputed constructions of the laws which require for settlement
the determination of the courts.
The above mentioned recommendations will be embodied in the
report which we, as members of the committee appointed for the purpose,
will make to the American Bar Association at ito meeting in San Fran-
cisco. August 9. 10 and 1I« 1922.
Very truly youn,
Charlbs Hbnrt Btttlbb. Chaurman,
Gbobgb M. MoBias, Secetary.
On various occasions individual members of the committee
have discussed matters of procedure with the Commissioner and
other officials of the Bureau of Internal Revenue and urged the
adoption of simpler procedure.
Exactly what definite action will be taken upon its recommen-
dations the committee cannot report, but it is significant that
many of the features of the practice and procedure m the Bureau
of Internal Revenue concerning which your committee made
preliminary recommendations in its January conferences with
the officers of the Department have been modined in the direction
suggested by the committee.
In view of the still formative period in which the practice and
procedure before the Bureau of Internal Bevenue continues and
the necessitv of close and effective observation on behalf of the
members of the Bar who are being concerned with the legal
aspect of tax questions, it is suggested to the members of this
Association that the Committee on Internal Bevenue and Its
Means of Collection be continued.
Respectfully submitted,
Charles Henby Butler, Chairman,
Oeoroe M. Morris, Secretary,
Murray M. Shoemaker,
William H. Folland,
Benjamin W. Kern an.
REPORT
OFTHI
COMMITTEE ON FINANCE.
To the American Bar Association:
The Committee on Finance reports as follows :
This committee was created by resolution passed at the meeting
of the Executive Committee held in Philadelphia on Jan9ar7 5,
1917, and by that resolution was given the power to invest funds
of the Association when so directed by the Executive Committee.
Pursuant to such direction your committee purchased on Janu-
ary 31, 1917, the following securities:
10 Nortiiem Pacific Railway Company prior lien railway
and land grant 4 per cent gold bonds due 1997.
5 Pennsylvania Company consolidated mortgage bonds,
issue of 1916, due 1960, 4^ per cent.
5 Illinois Central Bailroad Company 4 per cent gold bonds
of 1952.
Your committee paid for said bonds the sum of $19,568.75.
Thereafter upon like authority your committee invested $15,-
000 in 41 per cent Liberty Loan coupon bonds, \^hich securities
aggregating $34,568.75 are still held by the treasurer.
All of the aforesaid bonds are registered in the name of the
American Bar Association.
Frederick E. Wadhams,
James R. Caton,
JosiAH Marvel.
August 9, 19S2.
(436)
LIST OF STATE BAR ASSOCIATIONS
NAMB. PRESIDENT. BBCaOTABT.
Alabama Suta Bar Ai- W. O. Mulkey, Alexander Troy,
•ociation. Geneva. Montgomery.
Arizona Bar Attocta- Frank J. Duffy, J. E. Nelson,
tion. Nogales. Phoenix.
Bar Association of Ar- W. F. Ck>leman, Roecoe R. L3mn,
kansat. Pine Bluff. Little Rock
California Bar Alio- Jefferson P. Chandler, T. W. Robinson,
ciation. Los Angeles. Los Angeles.
Coloracio Bar Aiiocia- George C. Manley, Robert G. Bosworth.
tion. Denver. Denver.
Stata Bar Aiiociation A. Heaton Robertson, James E. Wheeler,
of Connecticut. New Haven. New Haven.
Bar Association of tha James B. Archer, George C. Gertman,
District of Columbia. Washington. Washington.
Florida State Bar Asso- Armstead Brown, Herman Ulmer,
ciatioB. Miami. Jacksonville.
Georgia Bar Associa- Arthur G. Powell, Harry S. Strozier,
tion. Atlanta. Macon.
Bar Association of the Sanford B. Dole, Albert M. Cristy,
Hawaiian Islands. Honolulu. Honolulu.
Idabo State Bar Asso- James F. Ailshie, Sam S. Griffin,
ciation. Coeur d'Alene. Boise.
Illinois Sute Bar Asso- Silas H. Strawn, R. Allan Stephens,
ciation. Chicago. Danville.
Indiana Sute Bar As- C. C. Shirley, George H. Batchelor,
sociation. Lidianapohs. Indianapolis.
Iowa State Bar Asso- James A. Devitt, H. C. Horack,
ciation. Oskaloosa. Iowa City.
Bar Association of tbe Ben S. Gaitskill, W. E. Stanley,
State of Kansas^ Girard Wichita.
Kentucky Sute Bar As- Wm. W. Crawford, J. Vener Conner,
sociation. Louisville. LouiBviUe.
Loubiana Bar Associa- Fred O. Hudson, Wm. Waller Young,
tion. Monroe. New Orleans.
Maine State Bar Asso- Charles W. Hayes, Norman L. Bassett,
ciation. Foxcroft. Atagusta.
Maryland State Bar As- S. H. Lauchheimer, J. W. Chapman, Jr.,
sociation. Baltimore. Baltimore.
Massachusetts Bar As- Addison L. Green, Frank W. Grinnell,
sociation. Holyoke. Boston.
Michigan State Bar As- George E. Nichols, E. R. Sunderland,
sociation. Ionia. Ann Arbor.
MinnesoU State Bar W. D. Bailey, Chester L. Caldwell,
Association. Duluth. St. Paul.
Mississippi Sute Bar Gabe Jacobson, Fred M. West.
Association. Meridian. Jackson.
Missouri Bar Associa- Charles W. German, Kenneth C. Sears,
tion. Kansas City. Columbia.
(437)
438 LIST OF STATB BAR ASSOCIATIONS.
NAME. PBE8IDBMT. SECaBTABT.
MonUna Bar Atiocia- Edwin K. Cheadle, Burton R. Ck>le,
tion. Lewistown. Lewistown.
Nabraika Suta Bar As- Alfred G. Ellick, Anan Raymond,
loctation. Omaha. Omaha.
Nevada Bar Astocta- L. N. French, Anna M. Warren,
tion. Reno. Reno.
Bar Association of tho Reuben E. Walker, Jonathan Piper,
Suto of Now Concord. Concord.
Hampshire.
New Jersey Sute Bar Chauncey G. Parker, LeRoy W. Loder.
Association. Newark. Bndfceton.
New Mexico Bar Asso- H. M. Dow, John R. McFie, Jr.,
ciation. Roswell. Gallup.
New York Sute Bar William D. Guthrie, Chas. W. Walton,
Association. New York. Albany.
North Carolina Bar As- L. R. Varser, Henry M. London,
sociation. Lumberton. - Raleign.
Bar Association of Tracy R. Bangs, W. E. Wenzre,
North DakoU. Grand Forks. Grand Forks.
Ohio Sute Bar Asso- George B. Harris, J. L. W. Henney,
ciation. Cleveland. Columbus.
Oklahoma Sute Bar Preston C. West, W. A. Lybrand,
Association. Tulsa. Oklahoma City.
OrecoQ Bar Associa- Chas. Henry Carey, Albert B. Ridgway,
tion. Portland. Portland.
PennsyWama Bar As- A, M. Holding, Harold ^vBeitJer.
sociation. West Chester. Philadelphia.
Rhode Island Bar Asso- Richard B. Comstock, Elisha C. Mowry,
ciation. Providence. Providence.
South Carolina Bar As- Charles Carroll Sims, C. S. Monteitb,
sociation. Bamswell. ' Columbia.
South Dakota Bar As- Perry F. Loucks, John H. Voorhees,
sociation. Watertown. Sioux Falls.
Bar Association of Ehas Gates, C. Raleigh Harrison,
Tennessee. Memphis. E^noxville.
Texas Bar Association. Richard Mays, BenF. Wibon,
Corsicana. Houston.
State Bar Association E. M. Bagley, I. B. Evans,
of Utah. Salt Lake City. Salt Lake City.
Vermont Bar Associa- Edwin W. Lawrence, George M. Hogan,
tion. Rutland. St. Albana.
Virginia Sute Bar As- Armistead C. Gordon, John B. Minor,
sociation. Staunton. Ridimond.
Washington State Bar Preston M. Troy, W. J. Millard.
Association. Olympia. Olympia.
West Virginia Bar As- Douglas W. Brown, Austin V. Wood,
sociation. Huntington. Wheeling.
Sute Bar Association John M. Whitehead, Gilson G. Glasier,
of Wisconsin. Janeeville. Madison.
Wyoming Sute Bar Roderick N. Matson, Clyde M. Watts,
Association. Cheyenne. Cheyenne.
Far Eastern American Chas. S. Lobingier, Earl B. Rose,
Bar Association. Shanghai, China. Shanghai, China.
SOME OF THE LARGER LOCAL BAR
ASSOCIATIONS'
NAMB.
AlUghenf County Bar
Attoctatioa.
Atlanta Bar Associa-
tion.
American Patont Law
Association.
Baltimoro City Bar As-
sociation.
Bar Association City of
Boston.
Brooklyn Bar Associa-
tion.
Chicago Bar Associa-
tion.
Cincinnati Bar Associa-
tion.
CloTcland Bar Associa-
tion.
DonTor Bar Associa-
tion.
Detroit Bar Associa-
tion.
Hennepin Connty Bar
Association.
Hndson Co. Bar Asso*
ciation. «
Kanawha County Bar
Association.
Kansas City Bar Asso-
ciation.
Lawyers Club of
Buffalo.
Lawyers Club of Essex
County, N. J.
Law Association of
Philadelphia.
Linn County Bar Asso-
ciation.
PRESIDENT.
R. A. Balph,
Pittsburgh, .Pa.
Arthur G. Powell,
Atlanta, Ga.
J. H. Brickenstein,
Washington, D. C.
Edgar Allan Poe,
Baltimore, Md.
Wm. Caleb Loring,
Boston, Mass.
Robert H. Wilson,
Brooklyn, N. Y.
William T. Alden,
Chicago, 111.
Province M. Pogue,
Cincinnati, Ohio.
John J. Sullivan,
Cleveland, Ohio.
Wilbur F. Denious,
Denver, Col.
Stewart Hanley,
Detroit, Mich.
F. K. Stinchfield,
Minneapolis, Minn.
George G. Beach,
Jersey City, N. J.
Berkeley MinorjJr.,
Charleston, W. Va.
L. Newton Wylder,
Kansas City, Mo.
William G. Dvorty,
Buffalo, N. Y.
Horace C. Grice,
Newark, N. J.
Abraham M. Beitler,
Philadelphia, Pa.
Elmer A. Johnson,
Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
SECRBTART.
Harry G. Tinker,
Pittsburgh, Pa.
Robert S. Parker.
Atlanta, Ga.
Arthur L. Bryant,
Washington, D. C.
A. de R. Sappington.
Baltimore, Md.
L. Gushing Goodhue,
Boston, Mass.
Henry S. Rasquin,
Brooklyn, N. Y.
William 8. Miller,
Chicago, III.
Oliver G. Bailey,
Cincinnati, Ohio.
A. V. Abemethy,
Cleveland, Ohio.
Albert G. Craig,
Denver, Col.
Wesley L. Nutten,
Detroit, Mich.
Morris B. Mitchell,
Minneapolis, Minn.
F. W. Hastings, Jr.
Jersey City, N. J.
Charles G. Peters,
Charleston, W. Va.
Caleb Monroe,
Kansas City, Mo.
Merritt N. Baker,
. Buffalo, N. Y.
Joe. G. Wolber.
Newark, N. J.
Howard Kirk,
Philadelphia, Pa.
Geo. C. Claassen,
Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
* For several years the American Bar Association reports have con-
tained a list of the officials of the state bar associations only. It has
been suggested that the reports should contain a list of the officers of
the larger local bar associations. Therefore, a partial list of local bar
associations having a membership of 100 or more is set forth herein.
Hie Secretary will be glad to receive the names and addresses of the
President and Secretary of any local bar association not included in the
above list whose membership is 100 or more. Any changes in the officials
of state or local bar associations should be reported to the Secretary.
(489)
440 BOMB OF THB LABOBB LOCAL BAR ASSOCIATIONS.
NAMB. PBBSmENT. BTCBRABT.
Lot AngelM Bar Asso- Frank James, R. H. F. Variel, Jr^
cUtion. Los Angeles, Gal. Los Angeles, Cal.
Mahoning County Bar E. E. Miller, T. J. Thomas,
AtsociatioQ Youngstown, Ohio. Youngstown, Ohio.
Milwaukea Bar Asio- J. 0. Hardgrove, Wm. A. Klatte,
ciatton. Milwaukee, Wis. Milwaukee, Wis.
Minneapolis Bar Asso- William D. Roberts, John A. Larimne,
ciation. ' Minneapolis, Minn. Minneapolis, Minn.
Multnomah Bar Asto- Robert Tucker, J. G. Wilson,
ciation. Portland, Oregon. Portland, Oregon.
Now York County Gharles Straus. Alfred A. Wheat,
Lawyers Association. New York, N. Y. New York, N. Y.
Bar Association of the John G. Milbum, Charles H. Strong,
City of New York. New York, N. Y. New York, N. Y.
New York County As- Ely Rosenberg, William H. Byrne,
sociation of Criminal New York. N. Y. New York, N. Y.
Bar.
Polk County Bar Asso- J. P. Parrish, James Goodwin,
ciation. Des Moines, Iowa. Des Moines, Iowa.
ProTidence Bar Club. Vincent Walters, Edward I. Brownell,
Providence, R. I. Providence, R. I.
Ramsay County Bar John M. Bradford, Roy H. Currie,
Association. St. Paul, Minn. St. Paul, Minn.
Richmond Bar Associa- Lucius F. Gary, J. B. DuVal,
tion. Richmond, Va. Richmond, Va.
Sacramento Bar Asso- Grove L. Johnson, Joy L. Henry,
ciation. Sacramento, Gal. Sacramento, Gal.
St. Louis Bar Associa- Daniel N. Kirb^, Frank A. Mohr,
tion. St. Louis, Mo. St. Louis, Mo.
Bar Association of San Eugene Daney. Glarence Smith,
Diego. San Diego, Gal. San Diego, Gal.
San Francisco Bar As- Jeremiah F. Sullivan. Geoi^e J. Martin,
sociation. San Francisco, Gal. San Francisco, Gal.
Savannah Bar Associa- Alva L. Herzog, Wm. R. Sanderson,
tion. Savannah, Ga. Savannah, Ga.
Seattle Bar Associa- O. B. Tliorgrimson, G. T. Darworth,
tion. Seattle, Wash. Seattle, Wash.
Sioux City Bar Asso- D. E. Farr, D. G. Shull,
ciation. Sioux Gity, Iowa. Sioux City, Iowa.
Stork County Bar As- Harrison B. Webber, Thomas M. Miller,
sociation. Ganton, Ohio. Ganton, Ohio.
Washoe County Bar Lester D. Summer- John Hoyt,
Association. field, Reno. Nev. Reno, Nev.
MEMORANDUM OF SUBJECTS REFERRED TO
COMMITTEES
ExBOUTiVE Committer.
Besolution offered by William V. Booker, asking for the ap-
pointment of a Special Committee of five to investigate the
situation in respect of labor and the right to exercise control
thereof (page 102).
Committee on Law Enporcbmbnt.
Eesolution offered by Nathan Newby, concerning the enforce-
ment of the 18th Amendment and the enacting of state legisla-
tion in support thereof (page 102).
Committee on International Law.
Besolutions of James Brown Scott and William Howard Taft,
concerning participation by the United States in the permanent
Court of International Justice, and the consideration of such
changes in the statute organizing the present Court as might
make it possible for the United States to become a party thereto
(page 59 et seq.).
Committee on Jurisprudence and Law Eeform.
Besolution instructing committee to continue to promote the
passage of bills mentioned in its report of 1922 (page 67).
(441)
PRESIDENTS' ADDRESSES
TEAB. NAME. SUBJECT.
1879-1913. In accordance with a provision of the Confltltution
(amended in 1913), the 'President's address each year
communicated " the most noteworthy changes in Stat-
ute Law on points of general interest made In the sev-
eral states and by Congress during the preceding year."
1914. WiLLiAK HowABD Taft Somo Needed Federal Legislation
— Construction of the Clayton
Act.
1915. Petbb W. MiBr.nHTT>f The Lawyer.
1916. EuHTJ Root . .• Public Service by the Bar.
1917. Obobgb Sttthoixand Private Rights and Government
Control.
1918. Walteb Geobob Sioth Civil Liberty in America.
1919. Geobob T. Paob Government.
1920. Hampton L. Cabson The Evolution of Representative
Constitutional Government.
* 1921. Jambs M. Bbqk The Spirit of Lawlessness.
1922. Cobdenio A. Sevebancb The Constitution and Individual-
ism.
* In place of President William A. Blount, deceased.
(442)
ANNUAL ADDRESSES
VAMM, flUBJBOT.
1)179. Bdwaid J. PHELPfl. i John Marshall.
1880. CoBXLANi>T Pabkb Alexander Hamilton and WUiiau
Paterson.
188L CLAAKflON N. Poma Roger Brooke Tan v.
1882. AuzANiuBB R. Ljlwtoh Jamea Lewla Petlsru and Hngh
Swinton LegarA.
1888. JoHjf W. SnvBiraoii James Madison.
1884. John F. Dillon American Institutions and Laws.
1886. GsoBOK W. BmoLs An Inquiry into the Proper Mode
of Trial.
1886. Thomas J. Sbmmis The Civil Law and Codification.
1887. HcNST HnoKoooK General Corporation Laws.
1888. GsoBon Hoadlt Codification.
1888. SncBon B. Baldwin The Centenary of Modem Gov-
ernment
1880. James C. Camkeb The Ideal and the Actual in the
Law.
1891. Ajj-bbo Russkul Avoidable Causes of Delsy and
Uncertainty in our Courts.
1882. J. Randolph Tuckkb British Institutions and Ameri-
can Constitutions
1883. HknbtB.Bsown The Distribution of Property.
1894. MooBviELD SxoBBT The American Legislature.
1896. William H. Tatt Recent Criticism of the Federal
Judiciary.
1896. LoBD Russbll or Killowkn,
Lord Chief Justice of Eng-
land International Law and Arbitra-
tion.
1897. John W. Gsioes Lawmaking.
1898. JosKPH H. Choatb Trial by Jury.
1899. Wqxiam Lindsat Power of the United States to
Acquire and Govern Foreign
Territory.
1900. Gaoson R. Pick The March of the Constitution.
1901. Chabus n. LiTTLnnELD The Insular Cases.
1908. John G. Cablislc The Power of the United States
to Acquire and Govern Terri-
tory.
(443)
444 ANNUAL ADDBBSSB8.
NAME. 8T7BJKOT.
1903. LiB Babon B. Colt Law and ReasonableneM.
1904. Amos IL Thateb The Louisiana Purchase; Its in-
fluence and Deyelopment Ud
der American Rula
1905. ALntKD Hemskwat The American Lawyer.
1909. Alton B. Pabkeb The Congestion of Law.
1907. Rt. Hon. Jambs Bbtob,
British Ambassador to the
United States The Influence of National Char-
acter and Historical Bnrlron-
ment on the Derttlopment of
the Common Law.
1908. OsoBon Txtbnsb The Acquisition of the Padflc
Northwest
1909. Augustus B. Willson The People and Their Law.
1910. WooDBOW Wilson The Lawyer and the Community.
1911. William B. Hobnblowse Anti-Trust Legislation and Liti-
gation.
1912. Fbank B. Ksllogo New Nationalism.
1918. Rt. Hon. Righabd Bubdon
Haldanb, Lord High Chan-
cellor of Great Britain Higher Nationality. A Study in
Law and Ethics.
1914. BuHU Root The Layman's Criticism of the
Lawyer.
1916. Joseph W. Bahxt The American Judiciary.
1916. LiNDixT M. Oabbibon Democracy and Law.
1917. Thomas W. Habdwick The Interstate Commerce Clause
of the Constitution.
1918. John H. Clabkb A Call to Serrice.
1919. Bb. David Jatns Hux The Nations and the Law.
1920. Albebt J. Bbveboxie The Assault upon American Fun-
damentals.
1921. John W. Davis Our Brethren Overseas.
1922. Calvin Coolidge The Limitations of the Law.
PAPERS READ
TEAB. NAME. SUBJECT.
1879. CALYm O. Child Shifting Uses, from the Stand-
point of the Nineteenth Cen-
tury.
1879. Henbt Hitohoock The Inylolahillty of Telegrams.
1879. Obobob a. Mkboeb The Relationship of Law and
National Spirit
1880. Hkztbt B. Touifo Sunday Laws.
1880. Obobgb Tuobjd Bispham. . . .Rights of Material Men ana Bm-
ployees of Railroad Companies
as against Mortgagees.
1880. Henbt D. Htdb Extradition between the States.
1881. Thomas M. Coolkt The Recording Laws of the
United States.
1881. Samuel Waonsb The Adrantages of a National
Bankrupt Law.
1882. GusTATB Kokbnkb The Doctrine of Punitlye Dam-
ages and Its Bffect on the
Bthics of the Profession.
1882. U. M. RosB Tlties of Statutes.
1882. Thomas J. Sbmmks The CiTlI Law as Transplanted
in Louisiana.
1883. RoBEBT G. Street How tar Questions of Public Pol-
icy May Enter into Judicial
Decisions. .
1888. John M. Shibuet The Future of our Profession.
1888. Simeon E. Baldwin Preliminary Examinations in
Criminal Proceedings.
1883. Setmoub D. Thompson Abuses of the Writ of Habeas
Corpua
1884. Andbbw Allison The Rise and Probable Decline
of Private Corporations in
America.
1884. M. Dwioht Colueb Stodk DiTidends and Their Re-
straint
1884. Simon Stebne The Preyention of Defectiye and
Slipshod Legislation.
1885. RiCHABD M. Yen able Partition of Powers between the
Federal and State Qorem-
ments.
1885. Reuben C. Bmnxm The Distinction between Leglsla-
tire and Judicial Functions.
(445)
446 PAPSHS RBAD.
TXAB. IfAMS. SUBJECT.
1886. Feanou Rawlb ment of Jnrlapradenoe In th%
1886. Johnson T. Plait United States.
The Opportunity for the Deyelop-
ment of Jurisprudence In the
1886. WnuAii P. WsLLS The Dartmouth Ck)llege Case and
PrlTate Corporations.
1886. John F. Dillon Law Reports and Law Reporting.
1887. Hbnbt Jaokson Indemnlt j the Bssenee of Insur-
ance; Causes and Consequen-
oes of Legislation Qualifying
this Principle.
1887. Jamis K. Edsall The Granger Cases and the Police
Power.
1888. J. Randolph Tucksb , . Congressional Power oyer Inter-
State Commerce.
1888. J; 11 WooLWOBTH Jurisprudence Considered as a
Branch of the Social Science
1889. Hknbt B. Bbown Judicial Independence.
1889. Waltbb B. Hill The Federal Judicial System.
1880. Hbnbt C. Tompkins The Necessity for Uniformity in
the Laws Goyeming Commer-
cial Paper.
1890. Dwight H. Olmstead Land Transfer Reform.
1890. John F. Dunoohbb Election Laws.
189L BteDEBiOK N. JuDSON Liberty of Contract under tne
Police Power.
1891. W. B. HoBNBLOWBB The Legal Status of the Indian.
1892. John W. Cabt Limitations of the Legislatiye
Power in Respect to Personal
Rights and Private Property.
1892. William L. Sntmoi The Problem of Uniform Legis-
lation.
1898. Hbnbt Wadb Roobbs The Treaty-Making Power.
1898. W. W. McFabland The Brolution of Jurisprudence.
1898. U. M. ROBB Trusts and Strikes.
1894. Hampton L.' Cabson Great Dissenting Opinions.
1894. Chablbb Glapun Ailsn. . . .Injunction and Organized Labor.
1896. William Wnrr Howb Historical Relation of the Roman
Law to the Law of England.
1896. RioHABD Watnb Pabkbb The Tyrannies of Free Goyem-
ment, or Uie Modem Scope of
Constitutional Guarantees of
Liberty and Prc^erty.
1896. Jambb M. Woolwobth The Deyelopment of the Law of
Contracts.
PAPSBS BSAD. 447
ITAICE. SimJSCT.
199%. Josira B. Wabrkb The Responsibilities of the Law*
yer.
1896. MONTAOUB Cbaokaitthobfi,
of the English Bar The Uses of Legal History*
1897. ROBEBT Mathkb Constitutional Constmetion and
the Commerce Clause.
1887. BuoBifs Wavbaugh The Present Scope of Gorem-
ment
1888. Ltkan D. Bbbwstcb Uniform State Laws.
1898. L. C. KnATTTHorr Malice as an Ingredient of a
Civil Cause of Action.
1899. Edwabd Q. Kxabbet New Jersey and the Great Cor-
porations.
1899. Sib Wv. Rann Kkitnkdt,
Judge of the High Court of
Judicature .....The State Punishment of Crime.
1900. Edwabd Atebt HABBnfAir...l7ltra Vire9 Corporation Leases.
1900. John Bassbtt Moobe A Hundred Tears of American
Diplomacy.
1900. RioHABD M. Vbvablb Growth or Brolution of Law.
1901. RioHABD C. Daub Implied Limitations upon the Ex-
ercise of the LegislatlTe Power.
1901. Hbnbt D. Estabbook The Lawyer, Hamilton.
1901. Chabues J. Hughes, Je The ETOlution of Mining Law.
1901. Plait Rooebs The Law of New Conditions —
Illustrated by the Law of Irri-
gation.
1908. BL D. Chalmebs,
Parliamentary Counsel to
the Treasury (England) . . . Codification of Mercantile Law.
1908. Amasa IL Eaton The Origin of Municipal Incor-
poration in England an^ in the
United SUtes.
1908. HhojN MoClaih The Erolutlon of the Judicial
Opinion.
1808. 8ib Fbbdbbick Poejlock,
'of the English Bar English Law Reporting.
1908. WnxiAif A. Glasgow, Je. ... A Dangerous Tendency of Legis-
lation.
1904. J. M. D10KIN8OK The Alaskan Boundary Case.
1904. Benjamin F. Abbott To What Extent Will a Nation
Protect Its Citisens in Foreign
Coun tries?
1905. RioHABD LooKHABT HAND OoTcmment by the People.
15
448 PAPERS RBAB.
NAKC BUBJBCT.
1906. RoecoBPouifs The Causes of Popular Dlesatla-
faetioQ with the Admlnlatra-
tloQ of Joetloew
1906. JoHK J. JvnuKs Can Goagrees Tranafer to the
States Its Power to Regulafe
Cknnmeree?
1906. Thomas J. KisnAif The JorUpradence of Lawless-
ness.
1906. Oaoaaa B. Datis Some Recent Progress In Inter-
national Law.
1907. Chasejbs F. Amidok The Nation and the Ck>nBtitntion.
1907. Chabubs a. Pbotttt A Fundamental Defect in the Aet
to Regulate Commerce.
1908. CounBLius H. Hantosd National Progression and the
Increasing Responsibilities of
Our National Judiciarj.
1908. Bdoab H. Fabrab The Extension of the Admiralty
Jurisdiction hy Judicial Inter-
pretation.
1908. Fbedrbicx Bausman Are Our Laws Responsible for
the Increase of Violent Crime?
1909. Gbobqbs Babbkt French Family Law.
1909. JxruAN W. Mack Juvenile Courts.
1909. WnxiAM L. Cabpentbb Courts of Last Resort
1910. W. A. HsifDiBSON The DcTelopment of the Hono-
rarium.
1910. Charlbs W. Moobbs The Career of a Country Lawyer
— ^Abraham Lincoln.
1911. JusTZOB Hbnbt B. Bbown,
Retired The New Federal Judicial Code.
1911. ROBBBf S. Tatlob Equity Rules 88, 34 and 85.
1918. Obobob Sijthrbland The Courts and the Constitution.
1918. Stmposium The American Judicial System.
Hrrbt D. Ebtabbook (a) The Judges.
JOSRPR C. Fbavce (b) The Lawyers.
BteDRBiOK N. JuDSoif (c) The Procedure.
1918. Whleam H. Taft The Selection and Tenure of
Judges.
1918. 8T1CFO8I0M The Struggle for Simplification
of Legal Procedure.
WnxxAM 0. Hook (a) Some Causes.
N. Chablbs BtnooB (b) Legal Procedure and Social
Unrest
WnxzAM A. Blovht (c) The Goal and Its Attain-
ment
/
PAPBRS BBAD. 449
ITAHX. fltJBJSOT.
1914. Rt. Hon. Sib Chablbs Fnz-
PAiBzoK, Chief Justice of
the Dominion of Canada. . .The Constitution of Canada
1914. Rt. Hon. R6MtTL0 8. Na6n,
Ambassador from the Ar-
gentine Republic to the
United States The Argentine Constitutional
Ideas.
1916. SncBoif B. Baxjdwik : . .'. Changes In International Law.
1915. Fwux Fbankfubteb The Law and the Law School.
1916. Wnxxuc B. Bobah The Lawyer and the Pabllo.
1916. Fbank J. QooDNow Prlyate Rights and Admlnlstra*
tlTe Discretion.
1917. Chabues E. Hughsb War Powers under the Constitu-
tion.
1917. Robbbt McNutt MoBuwt. . .The RepresentatlTe Idea and the
War.
1917. William H. Bubobs A Hothouse Constitution; Mexico
1917.
1917. Oabton db Lb^al Prussian Law as Applied in Bel-
gium.
1918. Haiitton U Cabson Heralds of a World Democracy:
The Bngllsh and American
ReTolutlons.
1918. Tsunbjibo Mitaoka The Safeguard of Civil Liberty
in Japan.
1918. Gbobqb I^. Sobivbn Italy, Our Ally; Her Great Part
in the War.
1918. BSm njo GnouBLM om Response to Address of George
P. Scriyen.
1918. Fbdbuco Camhbo The Present Value of Compara-
tlye Jurlsprudenoe.
1919. Blbcbt H. Gabt Reconstruction and Readjust-
ment.
1919. Robbbt Ltnk Batts The New Constitution of the
United States.
1919. AiAEBT C. RiTCRiB Powcr of Congress to Tax State
Securities under Sixteenth
Amendment.
1919. Robbbt Lansing Some Legal Questions of the
Peace Conference.
1920. SiB Auckland Gbddes The Ancient Problem.
1920. VmcouNT Cavb The Future of American Law.
450 PAPEBS BXAD.
NAHK. AUBJaOT.
1920. Symposium Legal Aid.
Reginald Hebeb Smith... (a) The Relation Between Legal
Aid Work and tlie Administra-
tion of Justice.
Chables Evans Hughes., (b) Legal Aid Societies, Their
B\inctlon and Necessity.
Ebnest L. Tustin (c) The Relation of Legal Aid to
the Municipality.
Ben B. Lindset (d) Justice for Parent and Child
Without Cost
1921. Babbt M. Dauohbtt Respect for Law.
1921. Sib Johh A Simon Our Common Inheritance of Law.
1921. Chablbb S. Tromab Without a Friend.
1921. RoKuiGHiBO IfAflu^QCA International Bar Association.
1921. Stmfosium The Administration of Criminal
Justice.
Chaales S. Whitman (a) Unenforceable Law.
LuTHJEB Z. Rosseb (b) The Illegal Enforcement of
Criminal Law.
Mabgus a. Kavanaqh (c) The Adjustment of Penalties.
1922. LuciEN Shaw Development of Law of Waters
In the West.
1922. P. Dumont Smith Kansas Industrial Court
1922. LoBD Shaw of Dunfermline. The Widening Range of Law.
1922. Hbnbt Aubepin JMvlsIon of Governmental Powers
In France and America.
1922. William Howard Taft Reforms in Federal Procedure.
1922. Nicholas Murray Bxttleb. .Preliminary Education of Law
Students.
Note. — ^For list of papers read before Section of Legal S«ducation
and Admissions to the Bar, and the Section of Patent, Trade-Biark
and Copyright Law, see 1920 report. Vol. XLV, pages 829 to 337,
inclusive. There were no formal papers read before either of these
Sections at the 1921 and 1922 meetings.
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
COMPARATIVE LAW BUREAU
The annual meeting of the Comparatiye Law Bureau of the
American Bar Association was held at San Francisco^ California^
at 2.30 P. M. on Wednesday, August 9 in Sacramento Hall,
Native Sons Building.
The attendance was very meager and but formal business was
transacted.
The Secretary read the report of the work of his ofiBce during
the past year, it was approved and ordered to be made a part
of the minutes.
{See Refort at end of these minutes, page 453.)
The Treasurer's report from Eugene C. Massie, Treasurer,
showed the following:
Incomb.
June 1, 1920— Balance on hand $15659
Aug. 22, 1021 — Cash from Chipman Law Publishing Co., for
sales of publicatioDS 20.67
Dues from Members, Class C 18.00
$10526
EXPBNDITURBS.
June 18, 1921 — ^To R. P. Shick, Secty., for foreign publications
and petty expenses, Order No. 52 9.18
Oct. 4, 1921— To Joseph Wheless, for Mexican ''Diario Official"
pubhcations 1920 and 1921, as per Order No. 53 3OJ0O
Oct. 29, 1921— To R. P. Shick, Secty., for petty expenses and
Commerce Reports, as per Order N. 54 10.15
May 31, 1922— To amount to balance 145J93
$19526
The Treasurer's report was accepted and approved and ordered
to be spread upon the minutes.
(451)
452 PB0CEra)ING8 OF OOMPASATIYB LAW BUBBAU.
The following officers and members of the Conncil of the
Comparative Law Bureau were elected for the ensuing jear:
Chairman, Wm. W. Smithers, Philadelphia, Pa.
yice-Chairman, Charles S. Lobingier, Shanghai, China.
Treasurer, Eugene C. Massie, Richmond, Ya.
Secretary, Bobert P. Shick, Philadelphia, Pa.
Council: Simeon E. Baldwin, Connecticut; Boscoe Pound,
Massachusetts; Andrew A. Bruce, Minnesota; John H. Wigmore,
Illinois; John S. Lehmann, Missouri; W. O. Hart, Louisiana;
Walter S. Penfield, Washington, D. C.
The Secretary reported the death of a member of the Council
Seymour C. Loomis, Esq., of Connecticut. The deatii of Mr.
Loomis was greatly lamented. He had been a very efficient and
helpful member and his absence was greatly regretted.
Phanor J. Eder, Esq., in New York City, was elected to fill
the vacancy on the Council, due to the death of Mr. Loomis.
On motion adjourned.
RoBBET p. Shiok, Secretary.
REPORT
09
SECRETARY OF COMPARATIVE LAW BUREAU.
To the Chairman and Council of the ComparaHve Lam Bureau
of the American Bar Association:
Your Secretary begs leave to report upon the work of the
bureau during the past year^ as follows :
I. Chanob of Nahb.
On September 1, 1921, your Chairman and Secretary addressed
a letter to Mr. Charles T. Terry, Chairman of the Committee
on Constitution and By-Laws, requesting that the name of Com-
parative Law Section be changed back to the name of Compara-
tive Law Bureau, as heretofore. This request was granted and
your Secretary was notified by W. Thomas Kemp, Secretary of
the American Bar Association that the Comparative Law Bureau
would be the name hereafter as the official designation of our
Section or subsidiary organization of the American Bar Asso-
ciation.
II. Publications of the Burkau.
The Ghipman Law Fublishinff Company of Boston, Mass.,
the official sales agent for the pubUcation of this bureau, report a
discouragingly small number of sales. On January 3, last, a
report showed that since August 1, 1921, there had been sold five
copies of the Argentine Code, three copies of the Swiss Code and
one copy of the Visigothic Code. Your Secretary regrets that
he has not any recent report from that company aluiough he
recently requested a report up to the present date.
III. iNquntiBS.
The practical utility of the work of the bureau has been evi-
denced by the inquiries which have come into your Secretary's
office during the past year.
The Federal Trade Commission at Washington, D. C. inquired
for further information concerning Japanese Legislation which
had been noted by our Editor, Mr. Eaneko, in Ms contribution
to the April 1922 Bulletin in the April number of the American
Bar Association Journal. This Japanese law authorizes the
(453)
454 BBPOBT OF 8ECREZAST OF COXPABATIYB LAW BUBBAU.
Secretary of Commerce and Agricnltnre to hold an inyestigatioii
for monopolies and impose penalties upon conviction.
The Lawyers and Merchants Tranlation Bureau of New York,
inquired in regard to the Foreign Code Series.
The Librarian of the Law Library of the State of Washington
at Olympia, inquired for the annual bulletins subsequent to
July 1, 1914.
The Librarian of the Court of Appeals Library at Syracuse,
New York, inquired likewise for the annual bulletins of the
Comparative Law Bureau subsequent to 1914, so that it might
have a complete set of the annual bulletins of our bureau.
The Czeehsolovak Legation at Washington, throng^ its Consul,
Dr. B. Bartosovsky, inquired for a year book of tiie American
Bar Association or of the State Bar Associations and stated its
desire to ^et in touch with American lawyers for the purpose
g{ furnishing Czeehsolovak lawyers with American legal advisors.
Your Secretary furnished this legation with a copy of the April,
1922 number of the American Bar Association Journal, and
invited co-operation from the Czeehsolovak Bar in the work of
our bureau. The Consul reported that he had submitted the
nomination of a proper correspondent for our bulletin to the
leading Czeehsolovak law association and your Secretary hopes
to receive in the future, contributions from someone in that
country, upon the developments of law and juriq[)rudence in that
interesting republic of central Europe.
The Department of Commerce of the United States Gk>vem-
ment, through Mr. A. J. Wolfe, Chief of the Division of Com-
mercial Laws in the Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce,
also inquired in reference to foreign codes and desired informa-
tion in regard to the work of our bureau. Your Secretary was
also visited by Mr. Wolfe who expressed great interest in the
work of our bureau.
Attention here should be called perhaps to the commerce re-
ports being issued by Mr. Wolfe's Division of Coinmercial Laws
and in particular to the reports made in those publications upon
the requirements of the laws of South American countries and
others in respect to international commerce. This bureau also
undertakes to furnish to American business men, the names of
competent and reliable lawyers in foreign countries with which
they may have commercial dealings, and in which countries it
may be necessary to have local counseL
The International Intermediary Institute of The Hague, Hol-
land, has furnished your Secretary from time to time, its quar-
terly reports, and your Secretary has been able to secure pubUcity
for the work of this institute through the columns of the Amer^
ican Bar Association Journal. This institute is doing a very
BBPOBT OF 6S0BBTABT OF COliPABATITB lAW BXJBBAtT. 455
praiseworthy work along broad international lines and your Secre-
tary ventures to hope that our American lawyers and business
men may come to know the value of the work of this institute
and follow in the footsteps of our Dutch brethren in building
up international relationships in law as well as in commerce
generally.
IV. Editobs.
As noted in our annual bulletin, April, 1922, Mr. Lamar C.
Quintero, of New Orleans, Louisiana, died on October 30, 1921.
A note of appreciation of his life and work was prepared for
us by Mr, W. 0. Hart, a member of our council,
Mr. Borris M. Komar, a graduate in law of Cambridge, Eng-
land, at one time a member of the English Bar in London, a
member of the United States Supreme Court Bar and since 1920,
editor of the Journal of Co-National Law and American corres-
pondent of the International Law Association^ has been added to
the Editorial Staff of our bureau, and we hope to have from him
in the future, reports upon the developments of law and juris-
prudence in Russia and tiie Slovak states and the British home
and colonial legislation.
Mr. Arthur K. Kuhn of New York who has heretofore reported
upon the legislation and jurisprudence of Belgium, has felt con-
strained to resign from our Editorial Staff. He has recently
been endeavoring to form the American branch of the Inter-
national Law Association and finds that that work will prevent
his co-operation with us in the future in the editorial work of our
bureau. We shall miss his interesting reports from year to year
in our bulletins.
V. The Bulletin.
The annual bulletin for 1922 appeared in the April, 1922 num-
ber of the American Bar Association Journal. It speaks for
itself. Note, however, might be made here of the contributions
from the Philippine Islands and from China and Japan.
In June, your Secretary received from Hon. George A. Mal-
colm, of the Supreme Court of the Philippine Islands, a copy of
his opinion in a Philippine case, involving the charge of sedition.
It is illustrative of the Spanish criminal procedure as inherited
and controlling very largely the present procedure in the Philip-
pine Islands. The procedure and the decision of the Supreme
Court is so striking by way of contrast to our American methods,
that your Secretary has secured the consent of Major E. B. Tol-
man. Editor-in Chief of the American Bar Association Journal
to insert the opinion in an early issue of the Journal.
During the past year an article appeared in the Journal of
Comparative Legislation in London, England, upon the *^ Study
456 aBPOKT OV BSOBBTAET OF OOICPABATIVB U.W BUBBA.0.
of Comparative Law in France and England/' It is of such value
that your Secretary secured the consent^of the editors of our sister
society in England to the use of the article in our American
Bar Association Journal, and Major Tolman has consented to
insert it in an early issue of the Journal
The Harvard Law Review, in its May, 1922 number has a very
interesting article upon ^^The Function of Comparative Law
with a Critic of Social Logical Jurisprudence/' by Pierre Lepaulle
of the Paris Bar.
Your Secretary would venture the hope that all the students of
comparative law may read these articles and come to know and
appreciate the method of comparative law in the devebpment
of law as a science. The perusal of them will certainly be of
interest and will show us Americans how much more has been
done in our field by our English and French brethren.
VII. Lab Sietb Paetidas.
Your Secretary can report but progress upon this subject
As reported last year, your Secretary had secured a very favorable
bid from The Bobbs-Merrill Company, of Indianapolis for the
publication of this work. Ybur Secretary submitted a letter
to the Chairman and members of the Executive Committee of
the American Bar Association, inviting its favorable considera-
tion of the offer made by The Bobbs-Merrill Company. The
Executive Committe, however, declined to take up the printing
of this work and your Secretary has been unable to do anything
elsewhere looking to the early publication of this translation by
Mr. Scott.
It might be of interest to add that two orders for this transla-
tion have come in to your Secretary during the past seven months,
from the Norman, Bemington Company, of Baltimore, Maryland.
BoBBRT P. Shick, Secretary.
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
JUDICIAL SECTION •
The Judicial Section of the American Bar Aflsociation con-
vened at the St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco, Gal., on Taesdajy
Angust 8, 1922, at 2.30 P. M., Hon. John P. Briscoe of Mary-
land, in the Chair.
A short address of welcome was delivered by Hon. Charles A.
Shurtleff of the Supreme Court of California, which was replied
to by the Chairman.
The Chairman appointed as a nominating committee Hon.
Orrin N. Carter, of the Supreme Court of Hlinois, Hon. Warren
W. Tohnan, of the Supreme Court of Washington, and Hon.
William H. Hunt, United States Circuit Judge, San Francisco,
Cal.
The Chairman then introduced Hon. Curtis D. Wilbur, Asso-
ciate Judge of the Supreme Court of California, who read a
paper entitled '^ Should the Defense of Insanity to a Criminal
Charge be Abolished.'*
(The Address follows these minutes, page JtS9.)
The Chairman next introduced Hon. K P. Conrey, Judge of
the District Court of Appeal, Los Angeles Cal., who read a
paper entitled ''The Judicial Section and its Field of Oppor-
tunity.*'
(The Address follows these minutes, page U72.)
Hon. H. A. Bronson of the Supreme Court of North Dakota
moved that the Executive Committee of the Section be requested
to include in the program of the next annual meeting of the Sec-
tion a symposium devoted to the subject of prevention of delays
in appellate procedure, embracing (1) som^ methods of speeding
up delays in appellate procedure, {2) rendition of judicial opin-
*The list of judges registered at the San Francisco meetinp of tb^
Judicial Section follows these proceedings. @ee page 480.
(457)
458 PB0CBBDINO8 OF JUDICIAL 6ECTI0K.
ions^ and (3) consideration of rules of court in the administra-
tion of justice in appellate courts. The motion being seconded
by Hon. Orrin N. Carter of the Supreme Court of Illinois was
referred to the Executive Committee.
Judge Carter^ as Chairman of the Conmiittee appointed at the
last annual meetings read a memorial tribute to the former Chair-
man of the Section^ the late William C. Hook; the resolutions
were adopted and copies thereof were ordered sent to the family
of Judge Hook.
A recess was then taken until 7 P. M.^ when the Annual Dinner
of the Judicial Section was given in the Italian Ball Boom of the
St. Francis Hotel. Hon. John P. Briscoe^ Chairman of the Sec-
tion presided.
The speakers were: Lord Shaw of Dunfermline^ Scotland;
M. Henry Aubepin of Paris, France; Hon. William Howard
Taft, Chief Justice of the United States; Hon. John A. Sanders
of the Supreme Court of Nevada; Hon. William H. Hunt^
United States Circuit Court of Appeals, 8th Circuit; and Hon.
John W. Davis of New York.
There were about 135 members and guests in attendance at
the dinner.
After the conclusion of the dinner the Committee on Nomi-
nations reported^ recommending the election of the following
officers of the section for the ensuing year : Chairman, Hon. John
P. Briscoe of the Maryland Court of Appeals. Members of the
Executive Committee; the Chairman ex officio: Hon. D. Law-
rence Groner, United States District Court for the Eastern
District of Virginia, Hon. Emmet N. Parker of the Supreme
Court of the State of Washington, Hon. Charles A. DeCourcey of
the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts, and Hon. James
I. Allread of the Appellate Court of Ohio.
The officers so nominated were duly elected for the ensuing
year.
The Judicial Section then adjourned Hne die.
John T. Tuckbb, Seoreiary.
SHOULD THE DEFENSE OP INSANITY TO A
CRIMINAL CHARGE BE ABOLISHED?
BY
HON. CURTIS D. WILBUR,
OP THE 8UPBEMB COURT OF CAUFORNJA.
The code of the State of California^ like that of the most of her
sister states, declares that idiots, lunatics and insane persons are
not capable of committing crimes. No matter how many people
are killed by such persons, or how many houses or towns are
burned by them, no crime at all has been committed. The
damage done by the lunatic is jufit as real and just as great as if
he were sane, but the killing of a human being is no offense
because there was no mind capable of imderstanding the wrong-
fulness of the killing and although the lunatic fully intended to
kill and knew that he was taking human life, no offense against
the law is committed.
Having determined that a defendant is insane the criminal
law discharges the defendant; homicidal maniac to kill; the
idiotic pervert to commit other sexual crimes; the pyromaniac
to burn more houses and the kleptomaniac to steal. The lunatic
released from custody with a verdict and judgment of the court
declaring him irresponsible may kill and destroy indiscrimi-
nately, for, like the king, he " can do no wrong.'^ On this subject
Blackstone says : " Yet, in the case of absolute madmen, as they
are not answerable for their actions, they should not be permitted
the liberty of acting unless under proper control ; and, in particu-
lar, they ought not to be suffered to go loose, to the terror of the
king^s subjects. It was the doctrine of our ancient law that
persons deprived of their reason might be confined till they re-
covered their senses, without waiting for the forms of a commis-
sion or other special authority from the crown ; and now, by the
vagrant acts, a method is chalked out for imprisonmg, chaining
and sending them to their proper homes/'
(450)
460 SHOULD THE DEFENSE OP INSANITY BE ABOLISHED?
As Henry M. Boies says in his work " The Science of Penol-
ogy/* *'A criminal who is insane is much more dreaded and
dangerous to be at large thaa a sane one/'
It is clear that the criminal law in extending complete im-
munity to the idiot and the insane has in this instance wholly
ignored the fact that the purpose of all punishment is to protect
the public from other criminal acts by the same or other persons^
and not to avenge an injury.
It is obvious that the welfare of the public demands that
homicidal maniacs^ pyromaniacs^ kleptomaniacs, and sex perverts
should not be permitted to run at large, without supervision, and
this danger points to the necessity of doing away with insanity
as a complete defense to a criminal charge. England has solved
this problem in a very practical but perfectly illogical manner,
for the defendant acquitted on the ground of insanity is com-
mitted to an asylum for life, nominally, ''during the King^s
pleasure,*' so that they are called ^* King's pleasure lunatics," no
matter how sane they may be when committed or afterwards
become. Hence, in practice in England insanity is never inter-
posed as a defense except in capital cases.
There is, however, another and more important reason for a
change in our system. At present, the defense of insanity is a
trap for the insane, and a way of escape for the sane.
It is a humbug, a pretense, a cloak for hypocrisy, an invitation
to murder all too frequently accepted by the jealous lover, the
discarded mistress, the indignant father or outraged husband.
The average jury acquits the man or woftian who does exactly
as the jurors would have done under the same circumstances, and
this upon the ground of insanity ! On the other hand the very
barbarity and shocking cruelty of the really insane man usually
results in a verdict of guilty.
The idea of the so-called "unwritten law" has so taken hold
of the imagination of the people that we constantly hear respec-
table and worthy citizens assert that under certain circumstances
they would ruthlessly and publicly execute the oflfender against
their house and fireside. They have no vision of the gallows or
of the prison before them, but expect the plaudits of their friends
and a triumphant acquittal upon the ground of insanity. The
trial of the murderer becomes a trial of the dead man. His
OXJBTIB D. WILBDIL 461
yillainies are exaggerated and multiplied. The more wicked the
defendant believed the murdered man to be^ and the more this
belief departs from the actual facts, the more clear the evidence
of insanity. The dead man may have been led to his undoing
by a vampire, but to the jury ahe is the wronged wife, daughter
or sweetheart. Thus, blind justice liberates the murderer and
besmirches the reputation of the dead. The prosecutor cannot
defend the dead by his evidence, because such evidence would only
prove more clearly the insanity of the defendant by showing that
the beliefs of the defendant were insane delusions I
The absurd results of criminal trials where insanity is a defense
grows in part out of the practical diflBculties in the trial of so
intricate and elusive a question as insanity before a jury of lay-
men. These difficulties cannot be fully discussed within the
limits of this paper. The outstanding difficulty is with the
method of securing experts and of eliciting their testimony.
This difficulty is universally recognized. I cannot do better on
this subject than to quote from Oppenheimer on " The Criminal
Responsibility of Lunatics.'^ He says :
*' I cannot help feeling that those writers, legal and medical,
who attempt to revolutionize the organization of our courts for
the trial of lunatics or alleged lunatics accused of crime, are
beginning at the wrong end. The part of our system of criminal
procedure which, more than any other, stands m urgent need of
reform is the mode in which medical evidence as to the accused
person's state of mind is obtained. Much, indeed, of what
appears unsatisfactory in such trials is due to the inherent diffi-
culties of the subject of inquiry and to the limits and imperfec-
tions of mental medicine in its present state. But I make bold
to assert that the practice, peculiar to Anglo-Saxon jurispru-
dence, of allowing experts in criminal trials to be instructed by,
and to be called on behalf of the parties, lies at the root of prac-
tically all the avoidable evils of which such trials are productive.
The only qualification required in this country of an alienist
expert is that he must be on the medical register. Now, it is
quite possible for a medical man to have passed through his
curriculum and through the examinations which have landed him
on that coveted shore, without having seen a single case of mental
disease. And whilst it has been held that a witness whose knowl-
edge of foreign law is derived solely from study, unsupplemented
by practice, is incompetent to give expert evidence on such
foreign law, nothing but his own conscience will prevent such
462 SHOULD THE DBFIEN8S OP INSAll^ITT BE ABOLISHED ?
a medico from posing as a witness skilled in lunacy. That the
value of the testimony of such a one is nil goes without saying;
yet when his opinion is matched against that of an alienist who
has made insanity his life study^ the jury has no measure by
which to ascertain the relative weight to be attached to these
two opinions and can do little more than look puzzled in the face
of what is called conflicting medical evidence. The possibility
that the expert may perchance be a man whose judgment is
imobscured by any knowledge of the subject on which he is to
testify, is perhaps the great^t, but certainly not the only, fault
inherent in our system
" Such being the defects inseparable from the English practice,
it is a mater of surprise that it has not long since been given up in
favor of the continental system under which the experts are
appointed by the state and called in behalf of the court. And
what is even more astonishing, is the fact that a demand for such
a reform is not constantly and incessantly expressed from the
Bench. Judges indeed are fully alive to the unsatisfactory
nature of scientific evidence in this country, and many of them
have not made the least secret of their utter want of confidence
in medical testimony. But, as far as I know, the only judicial
voice thus far raised in favor of the adoption of the continental
plan is that of Judge Edge who, in 1904, at Clerkenwell Sessions,
said : * I have no faith in expert evidence called by the parties.
They might be the best of experts, but their statements are
usually as wide as the poles asunder. I wish the rule here were
the same as in Germany, where no expert evidence is allowed
except that provided by the Court.* Yet it is only by a change
in this direction that an improvement can be expected. It is
not, however, enough that experts should be instructed ad hoc
by the court in each individual case separately; they ought
to form a permanent professional body, attached to the courts
in an ofiBcial capacity
"Another very grave defect in our system of procedure are
the very meagre opportunities which it aSfords for the investiga-
tion of the mental condition of an accused person. ^ The scan-
dal,' justly complains Dr. Blandford, ^ which has come upon
evidence given in doubtful cases of insanity has arisen from
medical men giving their opinions after an amoimt of knowledge
and examination which in no degree warranted any opinion
at all.' ""
Upon the same subject Henry H, Boies, above referred to,
declared :
"Scientific Penology at the beginning of the twentieth cen-
tury, then, demands that the law shall enforce an examination by
an expert alienist, of every prisoner accused of crime whose
CURTIS D. WILBUB. 468
record^ appearance^ or offense indicates a possibility of mental
aberration^ or who pleads insanity in defense; and that all
who are judged from such examination irresponsible of men-
tally diseased^ shall be committed imder an indeterminate sen-
tence to a special hospital for the criminal insane.
'^ When a person shows symptoms of being sick^ or diseased^ a
doctor is called to decide what is the matter with him, and to
prescribe the treatment. When mental disease is made a defense
against a charge of criminality the examination and evidence of
expert alienists should be required by the state to decide the
facts, and make the proofs with authority to the jury.
" The expert should be called by the state; to act in an im-
partial, judicial state of mind, and not to search for reasons or
arguments to sustain the position of either the prosecution or
defense. Experience with expert evidence has produced the con-
clusion that it may be procured to support or contest either side
of almost every case. It would seem that the facts will be best
discerned and made known by the employment by the state of an
alienist of acknowledged ability and experience, whose decisions
shall be accepted as decisive by both prosecution and defense,
and so the confusion from a conflict of expert testimony
avoided **
In confirmation of what is said by Mi;. Oppenheimer, it may be
stated that in a capital case recently before the Supreme Court of
this state there were on the defendant's side five expert witnesses,
four of whom had spent more than a score *of years each in the
study of insanity, who declared the defendant to be insane, and
on the side of the state two witnesses, one of whom could not tell
the difference between a delusion and an hallucination, and the
other found no evidence of insanity whatever, and rather trium-
phantly declared on cross examination that he had never been con-
nected with an institution for the care of the insane, saying, ^ I
have never been locked up with the limatics in my life. I never
cared to be locked up with them as a physician.^*
Another outstanding difficulty is that the expert testimony
introduced is not predicated upon the actual truth concerning
the person under investigation, but is based upon erroneous and
often false testimony.
These conflicts between experts are hopelessly bewildering to a
jury, particularly where judges are forbidden by the constitu-
tion to sum up the evidence, and are confined in their instructions
to abstract and abstruse statements of the law.
464 SHOULD THB DBFBN8B OF IN8ANITY BB AB0LI8HBD?
Why should we not do away with a defense which was intro-
duced into the criminal law at a time when nearly all felonies
were punishable by immediate death; and adjust our criminal
defenses to the newer attitude of the law with reference to crime
and criminals?
We are learning that a large portion of our so-called criminal
class is defective mentally, and that the recidivists are usually
defectives. An insane man cannot now be tried, while insane,
nor if convicted can he be imprisoned or executed while insane,
h^ must be treated as mentally sick and placed in a hospital, and
tried or punished only when he has recovered. Even now an
insane person who has been convicted cannot be sentenced nor
can the sentence be executed while he is insane. It should be
observed, however, that the insanity necessary to avoid a trial
or after conviction to avoid punishment is of different degrees,
and consequently the use of the word insane without modification
is somewhat confusing.
The responsibility of the insane for criminal action has been a
subject of discussion for centuries, and different ages and differ-
ent countries have reached varying conclusions. Philosophers,
criminologi&ts, physicians, psychiatrists, lawyers, judges and
legislators have discussed the question so thoroughly that I
venture upon the treatment of the subject only because recent
developments in penology have pointed the way to practical
reforms which may be readily adopted. The Juvenile Court
legislation; the system of probation and parole for the adult
criminal, and the indeterminate sentence by which a convict's
release depends upon his conduct while in custody, all place em-
phasis upon the power and duty of the state to deal with the
offender with a view to his reformation. The system of proba-
tion and parole has already been extended to the insane with
marked success. There is nothing new in the idea that reforma-
tion of the offender is a cardinal reason for punishment except
the increased emphasis given to that idea by this new plan*
In the juvenile court we acquire jurisdiction over the child who
commits any offense, however trifling, and the court exercises that
jurisdiction for the good of the^ child and of society, if deemed
necessary, until it has attained the age of 21. The state stands
OtTBTIS D. WILBTJB. 466
in loco pareniis and like a good parent gradually relaxes its con*
trol as the child gains in discretion and self-control until the
parental supervision fades into complete liberty of the child.
It is obyiously dangerous to release an insane person who has
committed one murder, or rather^ who has innocently killed some
imsuspecting and unoffending bystander, because under the same
influences he may kill another when the occasion arises. His
very innocence of wrong motivesl and inadequacy of provocation
makes him a greater menace to society than the wilful wrongdoer.
It seems clear that an insane man who has killed another man
should be under the jurisdiction of the state during the balan6e
of his life, and that apparent or actual recovery from his malady
should not completely release him from all restraint or super-
vision, particularly as at least 30 per cent of apparent recoveries
have relapses.
Various legislative efforts have been made to protect the state
against the insane who have committed or threatened criminal
acts. In this state commitments to the state insane asylum are
limited to those insane in danger of doing harm to the property
or person or healtii of themselves or others.
In cases of acquittal on the ground of insanity our statute
provides that the verdict shall so state and that the court may
thereupon order another trial before another jury upon the
subject of his insanity. '^ If the jury find the defendant insane,
he shall be committed to the state insane asylum. If the jury
find the defendant sane he shall be discharged.'' However, if
the judge entertains a doubt as to the defendant's sanity, the
defendant should not be tried at all until he has been declared
sane by a jury selected for the purpose of that inquiry and there-
fore it is hardly to be expected that the judge will immediately
after the trial call in another jury to try the defendant ' for
insanity after he has been acquitted, and as a matter of fact it is
rarely done. In New York, however, the verdict of acquittal on
the ground of insanity results ipso facto in a commitment to an
insane asylum, as in the Thaw case. In discussing that matter
the Supreme Court of New York said : *' Such a commitment is
not for the punishment of such a defendant, for there can be no
punishment for him who has been acquitted, but it is for the
protection of the public, made in the exercise of the police power
466 SHOULD THE DEFENSE OF INSANITY BE ABOLISHED?
of the.fitate, which permits the restraint of an insane person who
at large would be a danger to the peace and safety of the people.
The commitment can last only so long as the defendant is insane,
and he has the right at any time under the law to have his sanity
determined upon habeas corpus/' (People ex rel Peabody vs.
Chanler, 133 App. Div, (N. Y.) 169.)
It is the law then that a person in order to be tried for crime
must be sane at the time of the trial, and in order to be acquitted
of the crime must have been insane at the time he committed the
criminal act, and in order to be restrained of his liberty in this
state, must again become insane so soon after the trial that the
judge will order his detention and trial for insanity before a
jury selected for that purpose. Let it be noted, however, that
we are not pausing to define the different degrees of insanity
involved in this statement.
There is no inherent injustice in a system by which the state
may assume jurisdiction over a person who has committed crime,
and limit the liberty of that individual to whatever extent may
be necessary to protect the public. This is done in the case of a
sane defendant and is even more necessary in the case of an
insane defendant.
There is, therefore, no inherent reason why insanity should be
allowed as a defense save the unwillingness to punish the person
who does not know and cannot understand that the act committed
is wrong. Certainly it is not desirable to promise or to grant
pardon in advance to any person sane or insane. If it is right to
confine a well man for the protection of the public it certainly is
permissible to confine a mentally sick man where he will receive
such treatment as may restore him to mental health. This much
is conceded and the law recognizes.
Assuming then that the so-called criminal insane, should at
least be confined, or under supervision during such insanity, the
question is as to whether or not apparent or real recovery should
ipso facto operate as a complete and final discharge regardless of
tile dangers of relapse or the uncertainties of diagnosis. It may
be conceded as a matter of abstract justice that liberty should
follow recovery. The practical difBculty is in determining
whether or not there has been a cure and the certainty that if
there has been a cure there may be a relapse fatal to the life or
CTBTIS D. WILBUR. 467
property of eome one else. The system of trial of insanity either
for commitment to or release from an asylum by a jury is almost
certain to Tesnlt in error. And, as has been said, the chance of
error is greatly increased where judges are confined to a state-
ment of abstract propositions of law in instructing juries.
After an exhaustive examination of evidence in the Thaw case
Judge Mills in 1909 declared that in his opinion Thaw was suflFer-
ing from an incurable form of insanity (People t;^. Lamb, 118
N. Y. S. 389), and yet in 1915 Thaw was released from custody
after numerous previous attempts to secure his release.
My proposal then is this : That insanity be no longer treated
as a defense to a criminal charge, and that evidence on that
subject be excluded from the jury trying a criminal case; that
after conviction the defendant upon suggestion of insanity be
examined by a board of alienists with a view to determining
whether the defendant should be committed to the state hospital,
or prison, or be released under probationary supervision to private
hospital or to other custody ; that the judge be empowered to make
such supervisory orders from time to time upon the advice of
competent alienists as may be necessary and that the state retain
jurisdiction over the defendant even after an apparently complete
cure for at least as long as the maximum term of imprisonment
for the ofFense, resuming custody of the defendant during that
period whenever symptoms of a relapse make further custody
desirable for the protection of the public. If this seems chimeri-
cal it should be remembered that it is more lenient to the defen-
dant than the present English system and that we are drifting
more and more towards probation and parole of the criminal
class, with a right to resume actual custody of the offender under
sentence already imposed without further trial for new crimes,
and that eventually all habitual criminals will be under control of
probation or parole ofiScors and that the expense of our admini-
stration of justice will gradually shift from the police and sheriff's
departments to the probation and parole departments where, no
doubt, most of our peace officers will ultimately find employment.
When all the criminal class are under supervision the officers of
the state will be largely employed in watching them instead of
watching houses and stores to prevent crime.
468 SHOULD THE DBFBNSB OF INSANITY BB ABOLISHED ?
What shall be done with the iii6ane in capital cases? I think
that all would agree that a man who is really insane ought not to
be executed. The law so declares now, but the degree of mental
aberration which will prevent execution is not very clearly defined.
It has recently been reported that a man was executed who had
been apparency unconscious for weeks. No doubt it was believed
he was shamming. A condemned man cannot escape the gallows
on the ground of insanity unless he is incapable of understanding
that he is being executed for wrong doing. The danger of sham-
ming insanity under such circumstances is so great that he is
likely to be executed anyway. The test is too severe. The
present drift of things is away from capital punishment and
certainly if capital punishment is to be abolished at all it should
first be abolished with reference to those who are insane.
When impartial and skilled alienists express a doubt as to
whether or not the diseased mind of the defendant was a factor in
the defendants crime, he should not be executed ; but the fact is
that the men we are hanging today are mainly of this type, at
least such is my conclusion for a consideration of our appeals in
capital cases.
In this state a doubt as to sanity is resolved against a defendant.
In England as I understand the decisions the defendant must
establish his insanity beyond a reasonable doubt or to the satis-
faction of a jury and in some of the states a reasonable doubt as
to sanity is sufficient to require an acquittal. I would prefer and
provide that the man sentenced to be executed be given the
benefit of every reasonable doubt entertained by a board of expert
alienists as to his sanity and that his proper custody be determined
by the judge sitting with such board as in cases of commitments
for insanity. If it appear^ that the defendant was insane, even
though there was little doubt that the insanity was not connected
witili the crime, I should nevertheless advocate a commutation of
sentence. If we are to continue capital punishment, plenty of
sane men will need to be hanged before we begin to hang the
insane.
We should base our system of jurisdiction upon the truth, and
execute it with justice, and a plan that puts a premium upon
perjury and ignorance should be abolished. If we are to recog-
nize the so-called *' unwritten law ^ let it be done by pardon or
OUBnS D. WUiBUB. 469
by ptecing of such murderers upon probation as the conununitj
approves of and not by befuddling a jury by paid legal and medi-
cal experts employed for that purpose or by a hypocritical
pretense of insanity.
I have not so far dealt with the form of legislation necessary to
abolish the defense of insanity and to defer the proposed inquiry
into the subject of insanity until after conviction. Something
should be said on that subject.
In 1909 the legislature of the State of Washington passed a
statute abolishing insanity as a defense. The statute (Sec. 2259
S. & B. Code Laws 1909, p. 891 Sub. 7) provided that it was no
defense to a person charged with crime that at the time of its
commission he was unable by reason of his insanity, idiocy or
imbecility to comprehend the nature and quality of the act com-
mitted, or to understand that it was wrong. The act also pro-
vided in case of insanity, for the commitment, after conviction
of crime, to an asylum without a formal trial as to his insanity.
It was held for reasons variously stated by the different justices
that this legislation was violative of the constitutional guarantee
of due process of law and of the right to a trial by jury. The
Chief Justice reasoned in part as follows: '^ If he was insane at
the time to the extent that he could not comprehend the nature
and quality of his act — ^in other words, if he had no will to control
the physical act of his physical body-^how can it in truth be said
that the act was his act?^^ The court was divided in its con-
clusion as to the legislative power and the decision probably goes
no further than to hold that a defendant in a criminal case must
be permitted to show that he wps mentally incapable of entertain-
ing an intent to kill or to commit the crime charged, that is, that
it was not his act.
In 1899 the legislature of North Carolina provided for the com-
mitment to asylums of persons acquitted of criminal charges on
the ground of insanity and in cases of capital crimes provided
that they were to be detained imtil discharged by an act of the
legislature. This system although substantially that now in
vogue in England was held to be unconstitutional (In re Boyett,
136 N. C. 415). A similar act by the legislature of Michigan
passed in 1873, which required the defendant's detention until
discharged by the governor upon a certificate from the medical
470 SHOULD THE DSPBKSB OF IN8ANITY BB ABOLISHBD?
inspector and judge that the prisoner was no longer insan/fe, was
held unconstitutional (Underwood i;^. People, 32 Mich. 1) on the
ground that it denied the accused due process of law.
If these decisions hold that because of the due process clause
and the jury clause of the constitution an insane murderer cannot
be detained in custody without a jury trial as to his sanity, either
before or after his trial upon the criminal charge, they seem to
depart from the common law. Alexander Wood Benton, Puisne
Judge of the Supreme Court of Ceylon, and Editor of the Ency-
clopedia of the Laws of England, in his article on Insanity in the
Encyclopedia Brittanica states that, ''There was no doubt at
common law as to the power of the courts to order the detention
of lunatics in safe custody, but prior to 1800 the practice was
varying and uncertain.''
In Hale's Pleas of the Crown (1680), Vol. I, p. 35, it is said:
'' If a person of non sane memory commit homicide during his
insanity, and continue so till the time of his arraignment, such
person shall neither be arraigned nor tried, but remitted to gaol,
there to remain in expectation of the King's grace to pardon him.
(26 Ass. 27. 3 E. 3. Corone 351.) But it seems in such a case
it is prudence to swear an inquest ex-offieu>, to inquire touching
his madness, whether it was feigned "
Assuming then that madmen have a vested constitutional right
to ravish, kill and murder with complete immunity, and that the
legislature cannot take away such right without violating the
constitution, it is clear that the legislatute may define the char-
acter of insanity which shall constitute a defense and there can be
no difficulty if such defense is limited to cases where the defen-
dant is incapable of forming the intent to do the act, for instance,
to bum or to kill ; or to such cases as were covered by the definition
of insanity given by Justice Tracy in 1723, when he instructed the
jury that a prisoner in order to be acquitted on the ground of
insanity must be a man that is totally deprived of his understand-
ing and memory, and doth not know what he is doing, no more
than an infant, than a brute or wild beast.
If the statute also requires the defense of such insanity to be
established beyond a reasonable doubt or to the satisfaction of the
jury as at common law in order to be a complete defense, the
constitutional difficulties in the way of a more intelligent control
OTJSTIS D. WILBUB. 471
of those actually infiane, and the constitutional difficulties in the
way of a reform in this much-abused defense are almost wholly
overcome^ and the broad field of insanity of less degree or of
less certainty left to be administered according to expert advice,
after conviction of crime^ and without tiie necessity of a further
trial or hearing except such as may be best adopted to the deter-
mination of the custody of the prisoner for the purposes of a cure
and for the protection of the public.
It is high time for a change. Murder is becoming common-
place. Lawyers and judges in criminal courts should study crimi-
nals as well as criminal law and should exercise an intelligent
discretion and a defined policy in applying the new methods of
dealing with the criminal and insane. There is only one way to
control the wilfully wicked felon and that is by life supervision,
subject to pardon or dismissal when genuine reformation is
satisfactorily demonstrated, and the same rule holds as to the
criminally irresponsible insane.
THE JUDICIAL SECTION AND ITS FIELD OP
OPPOBTUNITY.
BT
HON. N. P. CONREY.
OF LOB ANGBUBS, GAL.
At the 1921 meeting of the California Bar Association, a judi-
cial section was established. A preliminary meeting was held by
the judges then present. By some inadvertence, I was made
Chairman of the section. The Chairman was authorized to ap-
point an executive committee for the year. At a recent meeting
that committee adopted certain suggestions then made of topics to
be discussed at the meeting of the section, the meeting which was
held yesterday. Those topics were of three classes. Some related
to the elections and salaries of judges, some to criminal law, and
others to the power of courts and judges over their procedure.
We did not have before us any data by which we were informed
of the work of the judicial sections of other state bar associations,
or that of the American Bar Association. The selections came to
the front naturally, or by a sort of process of spontaneous combus-
tion. For there is no doubt that in our experiences as judges at
various times our hearts have burned within us because of the
failures of justice in relation to all of these matters.
The laws of California prescribing the methods of election of
judges, their terms of office, and their compensation, are better
than those of some states, and very much worse than those of a
few others. In the average we may take them as typical of a
considerable number of states. All of the judges are elected for
limited terms. In the superior courts, which are the courts of
the counties, the term is six years, with varying salaries, the
maximum allowance being $7000. In the courts of appeal and
the supreme court, the terms of office are twelve years, the salaries
being respectively $7000 for a justice of the district court of
appeal, and $8000 for a justice of the supreme court. Nomina-
tions are made by a primary election. The result of the system is
(472)
K. F. OOKBBT. 478
that in moat instances the election is determined as the iresnlt
of two immediately successive campaigns. The disturbance of
mind and consequent impairment of capacity for service of an
incumbent judge exists in an acute form during practically all
of the last six months of his official term. Whether elected or not»
a very substantial percentage of his salary for that year has been
dissipated for purposes which gave no comfort to his family. The
salaries never have been excessive compensation for men of the
character and ability who ought to be selected for such offices,
or who ought to be willing to occupy them. And when you realize
that even today^ after a considerable decline in the cost of living,
living costs in general in the United States in June, 1922, were
66 per cent higher than in December, 1913, you begin to under-
stand what patriots we all are.
Now, there are two ways of looking at these matters, just as
they tell us in court that there are at least two sides to every
question. There is the narrow and personal view, and there is
the broad and public view. They cannot be considered apart from
each other. They flow tiirough the same body like the blood
through veins and arteries, which are similar in structure, yet
different in their function. On the one hand, the individual
interest of a judge in the tenure and salary of his office is like
the personal interest of any man in the service that he is employed
to perform. He is free to take it or leave it on the conditions
dictated by his employer. If he is too independent and high-
priced for the job, there are plenty of others who will take it;
and if the employer is in love with a system which tends to give
him cheaper and more dependent service, it is his sovereign
right to run his business that way.
But courts of justice, like saw-mills and farms and department
stores, have a nature of their own arising out of the social needs
for which they were created. The people of a state own their
courts. If they are wise, they will establish those courts according
to sound principles adapted to the accomplishment of the pur-
poses for which those courts exist. It is a truism and a trite say-
ing that the purpose of their existence is that of administering
justice by the determination and enforcement of law. If the peo-
ple who come before courts are to get justice in that high degree
474 JUDICIAL SECTION AJUD ITS FI£U> OF OPPOliTUNITY.
to which they are entitled, they muBt receive it through the medi-
um of judges who understand the principles of government and
the rules of law. But thi^ is not just a matter of learning out of
books. There must be em habitual breadth of view which com-
prehends the equities of human relations, and a vigor of mind
equal to the task of removing obstacles which lie in the path of
justice. And this is not all. The motives and influences which
tend to make men impartial and fair ought to be strengthened
to the last degree by the environment provided for the officers of
jiutice while they are supposed to be devoting their lives to their
great calling. In the Massachusetts Declaration of Bights we
find this : " It is essential to the preservation of the rights of
every individual, his life, liberty, property and character, that
there be an impartial interpretation of the laws and administra-
tion of justice. It is the right of every citizen to be tried by
judges as free, impartial and independent as the lot of humanity
will admit. It is, therefore, not only the best policy, but for the
security of the rights of the people, and of every citizen, that the
judges of the supreme judicial court should hold their offices as
long as they behave themselves well ; and that they should have
honorable salaries ascertained and established by standing laws."
Compare that very perfect statement of principles with the actual
conditions which I have described as now existing, and determine
for yourselves how far our laws and practices are less than equal
to those which ought to be established by a just and enlightened
people. Nevertheless, out of delicate consideration for the sus-
ceptibilities of the voters, the judges present at our meeting
yesterday determined that they should not venture to suggest or
initiate any proposal to change the methods of election, terms
of office, or compensation of judges in California. Since we who
most keenly perceive the truth do not find it expedient to speak
out, it seems that only God and the future can reveal to the
people, in some way not yet apparent, the evils which now exist
in a most vital part of government.
I have said that our judicial section in California has also taken
up for consideration some of the defects in the administration of
criminal law. For many years it has been established law in
California that in a civil action tried before a jury, the agreement
of three-fourths of the jurors is sufficient to authorize a verdict.
N. P. OONBBT. 476
Many of us believe that this rule ahould be extended to criminal
cases. Long experience has shown us that our rule works well
in civil actions. The complaints of which we hear are that mis-
trials too easily occur in criminal cases^ — ^not that juries too
easily agree to verdicts in civil actions. I am inclined to the
belief that two of the important changes necessary in order to
rescue from disrepute the administration of law in criminal cases
are: First, that the three-fourths rule for verdicts of jurors be
extended to criminal cases; and second, that the common prac-
tices of publicity concerning crimes and persons accused of crime
should in some way be so reformed that it would be possible lo get
jurors of at least average intelligence whose minds were not
first poisoned by innumerable varieties of propaganda for or
against the accused who is to be tried in the court.
Connected with the subjecl of trial by jury in criminal cases,
but extending also to civil actions, there is another, arbitrarily
created, source of confusion which creates difficulties which
should not exist in the obtaining of just verdicts from juries.
Section 19 of Article VI of the Constitution of California pro-
vides that ^^ judges shall not charge juries with respect to matters
of fact, but may state the testimony and declare the law.'' That
is a very striking sentence. It strikes the eye of a trial judge
every time he has to instruct a jury. By forbidding him to com-
ment upon matters of fact, it often strikes truth from his tongue
and courage from his heart. On the other side, it encourages
shameless impudence in the minds of guilty men.
Another great subject for the consideration of judicial sections
and of bar associations in general is that of the proper regulation
of procedure in both civil and criminal cases. I need only men-
tion the matter now without particular illustration. There is a
moving tide of change whose force we are beginning to feel.
Results will be seen — at least I hope that soon they will be seen —
in the surrender by legislatures of the authority which they have
usurped in the regulation of the minute details of practice of
courts, and in the resumption of the ancient and honorable power
whereby courts may profit by their own experiences and may regu-
late practice by rules adapted to the efficient administration of
the business of the courts.
476 JUDICIAL 8B0TI0N AlO) ITS nOUD OF 0PP0STUKIT7.
My attention has been drawn to one more topic, which comes
within the scope of the duties of judges as established by the
naturalization laws of the United States.
A careless attitude of mind on the part of native-bom Ameri-
cans toward naturalization of foreigners and toward the prepara-
tion of foreigners for citizenship means nothing less than that we
ourselves under-value the privileges to which we were born.
Judges to whom is delegated the power of granting and of deny-
ing applications for naturalization should not be satisfied with
proof of the genuineness of the applicant's proceedings and his
correct answers to one or two perfunctory questions about the
Constitution of the United States and the fact that the people
are supposed to elect the officers of government. In some of
the public schools at this time courses of educational study are
conducted for the purpose of familiarizing aliens with our form
of government and with the history of this country. The fact
that an applicant has successfully pursued such a course of study
may well be accepted by courts of naturalization as evidence of the
intelligent preparation of the applicant for the duties of citizen-
ship. The investigations made by the officers of the United
States Government and reported to the court are of much use
where the examiner for the government is known to be thorough
in his work. But the responsibility of the judge cannot entirely
be shifted* It is his duty to satisfy himself by direct and anxious
inquiry that in granting certificates of naturalization he is not
adding to the mass of ignorant voters and reducing the average
standard of intelligence in the voting population. If there is one
time when more than at other times the proceedings of a court
should be conducted with serious formality calculated to increase
respect for our institutions, that time is when a company of
foreign-bom people are present in court to witness proceedings
for the admission of applicants to the rights of citizenship. It is
fortunate that the people of this country, even this late in the day,
are taking a more active interest in the subject of higher quali-
fications of citizenship. Becently in California the subject has
been discussed with very great interest by such organizations as
the Native Daughters of the Golden West, Sons of the American
Bevolution, The American Legion, and the California Federation
of Women's Clubs. And it is not without its peculiar significance
N. P. OOKBBT. 477
that the International Convention of Chiefs of Police has passed
a resolution asking that the American Bar Association consider
this same question.
The naturalization laws of the United States provide that an
applicant for citizenship must satisfy the court that he is attached
to the principles of the Constitution of the United States and is
well disposed to the good order and happiness of the same. He
must be able to speak the English language and be able to write
his name. All of this can be proved by answering '* yes ** to four
leading questions, if a court is satisfied to make a formal record
without caring to consider the results of its action. Bpt if we
want to know that a man is Itttached to the principles of the
Constitution of the United States and that he is weU disposed
to the good order and the Government of the United States, and
the happiness of its people, we must ascertain that the applicant
has such knowledge of the history and principles of our govern-
ment that it is possible for him to have formed an intelligent
appreciation of the principles to which he professes to be attached,
and that he knows the difference between good order and anarchy
in their relation to the happiness of a people. A representative
of the United States Government in the department most closely
interested in this subject informs me that some of the judges in
various localities where their work has been observed are careful
in their work and demand a high standard of educational quali-
fication on the part of applicants in naturalization proceedings.
But it is regretfully added that the standard required by many
judges remains very low. N"o more need be said to convince us
that we have here a very interesting and important subject for
the consideration of judicial sections in bar associations.
As lawyers charged with the performance of judicial duties,
our presence here may be temporary, but the judiciary as a body
of men set apart to conduct the business of courts must continue
while laws and government endure. Not only does our oath bind
us to support the Constitution of the Government of the United
States and of the particular state which we may be serving. We
are dedicated to the cause of justice as a living principle of
which these constitutions are the highest expression yet attained
by human society. Conservatively we stand for the preservation
478 JUDICIAL 8B0TI0K AM) ITS FIELD OF OPPOBTUNITT.
of constitutional govenmient because we know that the wanton
destruction of wisely established laws and customs would be a
spendthrift dissipation of the best inheritance ever left to any
generation of men. But this does not mean that government and
law must remain forever stationary in a world of progress. Some-
times men are inspired to state a great truth in a single sentence.
This was so with Walter H. Page, formerly Ambassador of the
United States to Great Britain, when he said : ^' I believe in the
perpetual regeneration of society, in the immortality of democ-
racy, and in growth everlasting.^' Many writers tell us that we
are living within a period of time that lies between an old order
of things and a new condition that is to take its place. Believing
this to be true, they are subjecting to question and to challenge
some of our fundamental rights and institutions. It cannot be
denied that in some respects important modifications of the rights
and duties of men as expressed in laws and customs will occur.
Society will create for itself new forms of expression and some-
times new instrumentalities of action. These are signs of vitality
in the soul of the race. But it does not follow that all things
must be made new. In so far as the institutions which constitute
our political, our economic and social organizations are happily
adapted, to the real ends of justice, they will stand the tests and
strains of new times. But it is for us, the representatives of
established government, to hold the Ship of State on her course
so that children may continue to be happy and populations be
nourished while the forces of change move on without noise or
useless destruction. The one question really vital is, how can
human beings learn to live in relations of peace and good will.
That they will do only to the extent that all seek fairness and
justice in their use of the rights and powers which mysteriously
reside somewhere within the circle of life. Every genuine move-
ment for reform signifies a Kvine Power in the nature of man
which wills that good and not evil shall prevail. The mountains
glow with light, their veils of cloud break into revelations of
beauty, and the earth is fruitful. Why should human tyranny
prevail over it and cover the earth with destructive fury?
It may seem to you that T am traveling far from the judicial
section and its field of opportunity. That has not been my inten-
tion. Technically and narrowly speaking, our days are filled
N. P. OONBEY. 479
with many very dull and prosy duties. It is so with the school
boy at the blackboard. If he sees nothing more than his par-
ticular task, he is not likely to be much of a mathematician;
but if at the same time his imagination sees the stars, there is
a chance that he may become an astronomer. So if we can put
our hearts into our work, and keep aware of the heavens wherein
justice resides, we shall be much less likely to fail in meeting the
responsibilities which belong to the judicial office.
Id
LIST OF JUDGES REGISTERED
AT
ANNUAL MEETING OF JUDICIAL SECTION
HELD
TUESDAY, AUGUST 9, 1922.
Allread, James I., Gourt of Appeals, Ohio.
Ailshire, James F., Supreme Oourt, Idaha
Anderson, George W., Circuit Court, Mass-
aclnisetts.
Anderson, W. D., Supreme Court, Minis-
sippl.
Averlll, Mark R., District Judge, Nevada.
Aveiy, 0. L., Superior Court, Conn^icut
Bledsoe, Benjamin P., District Court, Cali-
fornia.
Bridges, J. B., Supreme Court, Washing-
ton.
Briscoe, John P., Court of Appeals, Maiy-
Uuid.
Bronson, H. A., Supreme Court, North
Dakota.
Bruce, Andrew A., Ex. C. J., North Da-
kota.
Buck, George P., Superior Court, Cali-
fornia.
Cabaniaa, George H., Superior Court, Cali-
fornia.
Carney, John Ralph, Supreme Court, In-
diana.
Garter, 0. N., Supreme Court, Illinois.
Oaiy, W. P., SupeHor Court, OWifomia.
Chureh, Lincoln S., Superior Court, Ckll-
fomia.
Clevenger, P. M., Court of Common Pleas.
Ohia *
Oole, Franklin J., Superior Court, Ckli-
fomia.
Coleman. B. W., Supreme Court, Nevada.
Oonrey, N. P., District Court of Appeals.
California. ^^^
Crow, S. E., Superior Court, California.
Curtis, J. W., Superior Court, California.
Outtrell, C. J., Superior Court, California.
Davis, John W., New York, New York.
Dawson, John S., Supreme Court, Kansas.
Dehy, William D., Superior Court, Cali-
fornia.
Ducker, Edward A., Supreme Court, Ne-
vada.
Dunne, Frank H., Superior Court, Cali-
fornia.
Ellison, John P., Superior Coort, Cali-
fornia.
Ellsworth, S. E., Superior Court, North
Dakota.
Ewbank, Louis B., Supreme Court, In-
diana.
Freeman, G. R., Superior Court, Cali-
fornia.
Gibbs, George Cooper, Circuit Court, Flor-
ida.
Gilbert, S. Price, Supreme Court, QwrgUi.
Goodwin, Clarence N., Ex. Judge, Appell-
ate Court, Illinoli.
Gregory, H. D., District Court, California.
Groner, D. Lawrence, U. S., District
Court, Virginia.
Hahn, Edwin P., Superior Court, Cali-
fornia.
Hains, T. W., Superior Court, Calif omia.
Hanson, George M., Suprane Court, Maine.
Harvay, F. N., District Court, California.
Henry, H. D., Ex. Judge, Oklahoma.
Higbee, Harry, Appellate Court, Illinois.
Hobart, R. W., Supreme Court, Nebraska.
Hosard, Julian L., County Court, Flor^.
Jones, George L., Siq^erior Court, Cali-
fornia.
Kerrigan, Frank H^, Court of Appeals,
California.
King, Percy S., Supreme Court, California.
Koford, Joseph S., Superior Court, Cali-
fornia.
Lamson. Richard, Superior Court, Arizona.
Langdon, N. T., Court of Appeals, Cali-
fornia.
Lawyer, George^ Supreme Court, New
York.
Lennon, Thos. J., Supreme Court, Cali-
fornia.
Letton, Chas. B., Supreme Court, Ne-
braska.
Lindd^, Joseph B., Superior Court, Wash-
ington.
Luoe, Edgar A., Superior Court, Cali-
fornia.
Lynch, C. W., Supreme Court, West Vir-
ginia.
(480)
LIST OF JUDGES RBGISTEBED.
481
Mahon, J. W., Superior Oourt, Giaifoniia.
lUhon, R. S., Superior Ooort* Oalifomia.
Marx, Bobert S., Superior Oourt, Ohio.
IfcOarnui, P. A., Supreme Oourt| Nevada.
ICcOormick, Paul, J., Superior Oourt, Oali-
fomia.
HcOourt, John, Supreme Oourt, Oregoxu
ICcDamfl, Eugene P., Superior Oourt, Oali-
fornia.
McLaughlin, O. B., Appellate Oourt, Oali-
fomia.
Meighen, John F., Superior Oourt, Minne-
apolia.
Monroe, Charles, Superior Oourt, Oali-
fomia.
Moran, Tbonuw P., Supreme Oourt, Ne-
vada.
Morriaaey, A. M., Supreme Court, Ne-
bradoL
Morrow, Wm. H., U. 8. Circuit Oourt
Appeala, Oalifomia.
Mjen, Louie W., Superior Court, Cali-
foraia.
NorcnMB, Frank H., Ex. O. J., Nevada.
Owen, William A., Oourt of Appeals,
Tennessee.
Owen, W. (X, Supreme Oourt, Washington.
Page, George T., Circuit Oourt, Illinois.
Pam, Hugo, Superior Court, Illinois.
Parker, Sam R., Supreme Court, Cali-
fornia.
Pears, H. A., Superior Oourt, Oalifomia.
Plummer, J. A., Superior Oourt, Cali-
fornia.
Powera, George M., Supreme Oourt, Ver-
mont.
Prentia, Robert R., Supreme Oourt of Ap-
peals, Yirginia.
Preston, H. L., Superior Court, California.
Provosty, Oliver 0., Supreme Court, Lou-
isiana.'
Quinn, James G., Superior Court, Cali-
fornia.
Rand, John L., Supreme Court, Oregon.
Ratcliif, O. B., Supreme Court, Indiana.
Ridgeway, Tom, Supreme Oourt, Cali-
fornia.
Robinson, B. C, Superior Oourt, Cali-
fornia.
Rogers, Merle J., Superior Court, Cali-
fonia.
Rowan, John M., Superior Oourt, Cali-
fornia.
Samuels, George, Superior Court, Oali-
fomia.
Sanders, J. A., Supreme Oourt, Nevada.
Shaw, Lucien, Supreme Oourt, Oalifomia.
Shelton, Thos. W., Norfolk, Virginia.
Shenk, John W., Superior Court, Oali-
fomia.
Siddons, Fred. L., Supreme Oourt, Wash-
ington, D. 0.
Shurtlelf, Charles A., Supreme Oourt, Cali-
fornia.
Smith, Wm. R., Supreme Court, Kansas.
Smith, W. R., Supreme Oourt, Texas.
Street, Robert G., Supreme Oourt, Texas.
Stiother, S. L., Superior Court, Oalifomia.
St Sure, H. F., Superior Court, Cali-
fornia.
Sturtevant, Geo. A., Superior Court, Oali-
fomia.
Surveyer, W. Fabre, Superior Oourt, Can-
ada.
Taber, E. J. L., Supreme Oourt, Nevada.
Taft, Wm. H., U. 8. Supreme Court,
Washington, D. 0.
Thompson, R. L., Superior Oourt, Oali-
fomia.
Tolman, Warren W., Supreme Oourt, Wash-
ington.
Tucker, Robert, Supreme Court, Oregon.
Tumer, W. B., Supreme Court, Tennessee.
l^ler, John F., District Oourt of Appeal,
Oalifomia.
Valentine, L. H., Superior Oourt, Cali-
fornia.
Vickey, Willis, Court of Appeals, Ohio.
Wallace, Gerlad Beatty, Superior Court,
California.
Wallace, W. B., Superior Court, Oali-
fomia.
Warlar, Freitus, Oourt of Record, Florida.
Waste, William H., Supreme Court, Cali-
fornia.
Watt, Rolla B., Small Clalma Oourt, Oali-
fomia.
Weyl, Berbla, A., Superior Oourt, Cali-
fornia.
Whitehead, H. W., Court of Common
Pleas, Pennsylvania.
Wlckersham, Geo. W., New York, New
Yoric.
Wilbur, Curtis, D., Supreme Court, Oali-
fomia.
Willis, Frank R., Superior Court, Oali-
fomia.
Wolf, Adolph, S., Supreme Court, Porto
Rica
Wood, John Perry, Supreme Court, Cali-
fornia.
Wylder, L. Newton, Supreme Court, Mlf-
soori.
CONFERENCE OF BAR ASSOCIATION
DELEGATES
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
SPECIAL CONFERENCE ON LEGAL EDUCATION
HELD AT WASHINGTON, D. C, FEBRUARY 23, 24, 1922
Pursuant to resolution, of the American Bar Association at
its meeting in Cincinnati in 1921 (vol. XLVI, A. B. A. Eeports,
pp. 37-47), a very enthusiastic meeting of the Conference of
Delegates was held in the City of Washington on February 23
and 24, 1922, to consider the subject of improving the standards
of legal education. The proceedings of' that Conference and its
results commanded wide attention throughout the United States.
The detailed proceedings were reported in the American Bar
Association Journal for March, 1922 (pp. 137-166), and re-
printed in the American Law School Review for May, 1922
(vol. 4, No. 14, pp. 812-842).
BSSOLUTIONS.
The Conference passed the following resolutions :
Resolved, That the National Conference of Bar AsBOciations adopt
the following statement in regard to legal education:
1. The great complexity of modem legal regulations requires for the
proper performance of legal services lawyers of broad general education
and thorough legal training. The lesal education which was fairly
adequate under simpler economic conditions is inadequate today. It
is the duty of the legal profession to strive to create and maintain
standards of legal education and rules of admission to the bar which will
protect the public both from incompetent legal advisers and from those
who would disregard the obligations of professional service. This duty
can best be performed bv the organized efforts of bar associations.
2. We enoorse with the following explanations the standards with
respect to admission to the Bar, adopted by the American Bar Associa-
tion on September 1 . 1921 :
Every candidate tor admiauon to the Bar should give evidence of
graduation from a law school complying with the following standards:
(a) It shall require as a condition of admission at least two years of
study in a college.
(482)
8PB0IAL OONFBBBNOE ON LEGAL KDUOATION. 483
(b) It shall require its students topinmie a course of three years
duration if they devote substantially all of their working time to their
studies, and a longer course, equivalent in the number of working hours,
if they devote only part of their working time to their studies.
(c) It shall provide an adequate library available for the use of the
students.
(d) It shall have among its teachers e^ sufficient number giving their
entire time to the school to insure actual personal acquaintance and
influence with the whole student body.
3. Further, we believe that law schools should not be operated as
commercial enterprises, and that the compensation of any officer or
member of its teaching staff should not depend on the number of students
or on the fees receiv^.
4. We agree with the American Bar Association that graduation from
a law school should not confer the ri^ht of admission to the Bar, and
that every candidate should be subjected to examination by public
authority other than the authority of the law school of which he is a
graduate.
5. Since the legal profession has to do with the administration of the
law, and since public officials are chosen from its ranks more frequently
than from the ranks of any other profession or business, it is essential
that the legal profession should not become the monopoly of aioy
economic class.
6. We endorse the American Bar Association's standards for admis-
sion to the Bar because we are convinced that no such monopoly will
result from adopting them. In almost every part of the country a young
mah of small means can, by energy and perseverance, obtain the college
and law-school education which the standards require. And we under-
stand that in applying the rule requiring two years of study in a college,
educational experience other than that acquired in an American college
may, in proper cases, be accepted as satisfying the requirement of the
rule, if equivalent to two years of college work.
7. We believe that the adoption of these standards will increase the
^ciency and strengthen the character of those coming to the practice
of law, and will therefore tend to improve greatly the administration of
justice. We therefore urge the bar associations of the several states to
draft ruled of admission to the Bar carrying the standards into effect
and to take such action as they may deem advisable to procure their
adoption.
8. Whenever any state does not at present afford such educational
opportunities to young men of small means as to warrant the immediate
adoption of the standards we urge the bar associations of the state to
encourage and help the establishment and maintenance of good law
schools and colleges, so that the standards may become practicable as
. soon as possible.
9. We believe that adequate intellectual requirements for admission
to the Bar will not only increase the efficiency of those admitted to
practice but will also strengthen their moral character. But we are
convinced that high ideals of professional dutv must come chiefly from
an understanding of the traditions and standards of the Bar through
study of such traditions and standards and by the personal contact of
law students with members of the Bar who are marked by real interest
in younger men, a love of their profession and a keen appreciation of
the importance of its best traditions. We realize the difficulty of creating
this kind of personal contact, especially in large cities; nevertheless, we
believe that much can be accomplished by the intelligent cooperation
between committees of the Bar and law school faculties.
484 SPECIAL CONFBBENCE ON LBOAL EDUCATION.
10. We therefore urge courts and bar aaoodiatioiis to charge thenaarives
with the duty of deviaing meaoa for bringiiic^ law students in contact
with members of the Bar from whom they will learn, l^ <»Ttimpf^ and
precept, that admisnon to the Bar is not a mere license to cany on a
trade, but that it is an entrance into a profession with honorable tradi-
tions of service which they are bound to maintain.
The Advisory Committed of forty-eight, provided by resolu-
tion {infra, p. 584) was duly instituted and held its initial meet-
ing forthwitii in Washington City. A Supervisory Committee of
five is to be appointed by the newly elected Chairman of the
Conference.
Abstract ov Pboobbdinqs.
The following is a more detailed but necessarily somewhat
curtailed statement of the proceedings (which have been pub-
lished in full as a bulletin of the Conference) :
On Thursday, February 23, 1922, the meeting was called to
order by Clarence N. Goodwin, Chairman of the Conference of
Bar Association Delegates, who said, in part :
The proposition to be discussed, is the reconmiendation of the
American Bar Association, adopted at its last annual meeting,
that hereafter two years in college and the equivalent to three
years in a full-time law school, shall be required as a condition
of admission to the Bar.
The idea of a Conference of all the bar associations of the
country which should meet annually for common counsel, and
which should bind them all together for the accomplishment of
a common purpose and by this means raise the standards of the
profession and bring about a better administration of justice^
and the plans under which it'was organized, were conceived by
the man to whom the world is indebted for so many constructiye
thoughts and for so many noble and very lofty plans destined to
be of the largest importance to the welfare of humanity and the .
peace of the world, the Honorable Elihu Boot, of New York. At
his suggestion, and in accordance with his ideas, the Conference
was created in the year 1915. . He was for several years its
Chairman, and his leadership was responsible for establishing it
as a potent and national institution.
The recommendations now submitted for conference action
come to a body which, during the last three years, has made
itself familiar with the conditions existing in the profession.
SPECIAL GONFS&BNCB ON LBQAL XDUOATIOK. 485
recognizes the worth, competency and high character of lawyers
generally, hut knows the necessity for making this high stand-
ard of the greater part uniform throughout the profession, and
making it certain that not merely the majority, however large,
hut all of the profession shall attain to stajidards of fitness and
worth that will make the word '^ lawyer '^ a guarantee of high
character, learning and professional honor.
It seems little less than a crime for the state to certify to the
competency, to the learning and to the ability of a man to
represent his fellow citizens in court who is not learned nor
able nor competent to represent or advise anybody in any legal
matter.
This question of what requirements for admission to the Bar
are to be adopted has never been in our hands, and we are not
as a body responsible for the standards that have been established.
We do, however, have an influence, and to the extent that we have
an influence, we are req)onsible, and to the extent that we are
responsible, we have a moral duty to investigate and act.
We are assured from the investigations that we have already
made that the standard and requirements already adopted are
insufiScient. We are here to discuss the question of how much
farther we are to go. But obviously we must discuss and con-
sider it primarily from the point of view of the welfare of the
public rather than that of our own interests; although upon
investigation it may well be found that the best interests of the
public and the best interests of the profession are one and the
same.
Elihu Boot, of New York :
Mr. Chairman, and gentlemen of the Conference: Old Dr.
lieber, the great teacher of jurisprudence of the last genera-
tion, had posted on the wall of his lecture room the motto, '^ No
right without a duty.'' It is my pleasant duty to present to
you a certain action of the American Bar Association upon
which that Association appeals to you for sympathy and assis-
tance. It consists in certain resolutions designed to improve the
standard of the incoming Bar, and it is the result of many years
of discussion, many committees, many reports, many drafts of
resolutions. For 26 years the American Bar Association has
acted under a continually growing feeling that the Bar was not
486 SPECIAL CONFERBKCE ON LEGAL EDUCATION.
functioning quite right, and during all that time local associa-
tions and state associations have been appointing committees,
receiving reports, and passing resolutions based upon the same
feeling.
Some nine years ago the American Bar Association formally
asked the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teach-
ing, which had just accomplished a noteworthy study of the
teaching of medicine, the results of which had been very salutary
to the medical profession, to make a similar study of legal edu-
cation. That was undertaken by the machinery of the founda-
tion, and last summer the report of the gentleman who had been
engaged in the study was produced. In tiie meantime the Ameri-
can Bar Association reorganized its branch devoted to legal
education into a section on legal education and admissions to
the Bar, with an executive council. The Section also appointed
a special committee composed of half a dozen gentlemen from
all parts of the country to take up the question as to what should
be done to create conditions which would improve the efficiency
and strengthen the character of those coming to the practice of
law. That committee met in the City of New York and it sent
out questionnaires all over the country to the people who were
supposed to be best fitted to make suggestions, to the heads of
all the bar associations, state and local, to all the law schools,
and to a great number of leaders of the Bar in different parts of
the country. They got great numbers of answers, and those
they collated and digested.
Then the committee met again and they invited repres^itatives
of all sorts of experiences and opinions on the subject to come
before them and instruct them. There was a long session in
which the heads of the law schools and bar examiners and
members of the Bar in active practice came in and talked to the
committee an^ answered questions. As a result the committee
reported to the Section of Legal Edi^cation and Admissions to
the Bar of the Bar Association a series of resolutions which they
recommended, designed to take one step at least in the direction
of having a more effective Bar, not only now but in the future.
Those resolutions which were recommended by the committee
went before the Section, at a largely attended meeting in Cin-
cinnati last summer, and were fully debated. Bepresentatives of
8PB0IAL OOKFBKBNOB OK USGAL EDUCATION. 487
oertain law schools who were opposed came in and argued very
fully in opposition. But they were adopted by an overwhelming
majority by the Section and recommended to the Association,
and in a very fully attended meeting of the Association there was
another vote, and they were adopted then by an immense
majority. I am now bringing them before you by the direction
of the Association with a request for your kind consideration and
all the help that you can give us.
(1) The American Bar Association is of the opinion that every candi-
date for admission to the Bar should ^ve evidence of graduation from
a law school complying with the following standards:
(a) It shall require as a condition of admission at least two yean of
study in a college.
(b) It shaU reouire its students to pursue a course of three years
duration if they devote substantially all of their working time to their
studies, and a longer course, equivalent in the number of working hours,
if they devote onS^ part of their working time to their studies.
(c) It shall provide an adequate library available for the use of the
students.
(d) It shall have among its teachers a sufficient number giving their
entire time to the school to insure actual personal aoquamtance and
influence with the whole student body.
(2) The American Bar Association is of the opinion that graduation
from a law school should not confer the right of admission to the Bar,
and that eveay candidate should be subjected to an examination by
public- authority to determine his fitness.
(3) The Council on Legal Education and Admissions to the Bar is
directed to publish from time to time the names of those law schools
which compiv with the above standards and of those which do not and
to make such publications available so far as possible to intending law
students.
- (4) The President of the Association and the Council on Legal Edu-
cation and Admissions to the Bar are directed to cooperate with the
state and local bar associations to urge upon the ouly constituted
authorities of the several states the adoption of the above requirements
for admission to the Bar.
(5) The Council on Legal Education and Admissions to the Bar is
directed to call a Conference on Legal Education in the name of the
American Bar Association, to which Qie state and local bar associations
shall be invited to send delegates, for the purpose of uniting the bodies
represented in an effort to create conditions favorable to tne adoption
of the principles above set forth.
You will perceive that the first part of these resolutions — all
of the first two — is an expression of opinion by the American
Bar Association.* Of course that opinion cannot be changed here,
in another meeting, differently constituted. What you can do,
and what I hope you will do, is to range yourselves by the side of
the American Bar Association to give effect to that opinion.
You will perceive that the second part of the resolutions
directs action. It directs two kinds of action. First, the action
488 SPECIAL CONFSBBNCB OK LBOAL SDUCATION.
which will be effective in itself ; that is^ the Coxmcil of the Section
of Legal Education is directed to publish from time to time the
names of those law schools which comply with the above standards
and of those which do not^ and to make such publicationfi available
so far as possible to intending law students. Now^ that is going
on and will continue to go on, and Mr. Sanborn, the Secretary of
the Section, who is here, can give you information about the very
gratifying results of the publication of these resolutions, in the
way of responses from law schools^ a large part of which have
already announced their intention to make their qualifications
conform to the qualifications that should be established in the
opinion of the American Bar Association. So no matter what
we do here, there will be put before the people of the country and
the thousands of young men who are seeking admission to the Bar
during this coming year, a Ust of the law schools which conform
to the opinion of the American Bar Association as to what a law
school ought to be, and a list of the schools which do not con-
form to the opinion of the American Bar Association as to what
a law school ought to be, with the natural result that all the
young men and young women who are able to do so will go to the
first-class law schools and none who can get to the first-class
will go to the others, and if they are true Americans, imbued
with the traditional American impulse always to have the best,
you will find the law schools that axe what they ought to be
filling up and the law schools that are not what they ought to be
dwindling.
The second line of action directed in these resolutions is what
has brought us here. It is a direction of the Association to
cooperate with the state and local bar associations, to urge upon
the duly constituted authorities of the several states the adoption
of the above requirements, and the direction for the calling of
this Conference, for the purpose of uniting the state and local
bodies in an effort to create conditions in the several states favor-
able to the adoption of these principles.
You see those are two quite separate and distinct lines of
action to give effect to these standards : First, the direct com-
munication to the people of the United States upon the authority
of the members of the Bar Association of an opinion as to the
kind of law school their young men shall go to, and second, an
SPBOIAL OONFBSBNOB ON U»AL SDUOATION. 489
appeal to you members of the state and local bar afisodatioiis to
use your influence and power in the seyeral states to get the state
anthoritieB to take over and pnt into force that same opinion.
Now, this appeal to yon and to your associations is not without
a basis in past history. The local bar associations haye long been
appointing committees, passing resoli^tions in some .way to
improve the standing and efficiency of the Bar, and particularly
of the incoming Bar. And this is an appeal for that union
which will make it possible for all the resolutions and all the
good intentions of the state and local associations for 20 years
past to become efficient and active.
There will be opposition to some of these provisions, and in
order to determine how far the opinion of the American Bar
Association is praiseworthy and sound and should be supported,
it is important to look a little at the trouble which it seeks to
cure. That there is trouble I think every one of us feels. It
may not be trouble in this particular county, in this particular
Bar, in this or that state ; but it is trouble in so large a part of the
Bar that it affects the whole Bar. Tou cannot have too many
rotten spots in an apple and have the rest of it good. We have
for years been hearing just such things as Judge Goodwin tells
us out of his experience on the Bench, about the sacrifice of
client's interests, increased expense, the continual delays, the
sending back of cases for new trial, notwithstanding their merits,
owing to the inefficiency and incompetency of members of the
Bar. Those reports have been coming from all over and they
have blackened the name of the Bar. They have led the public
to observing the manifold defects of our administration of
justice — ^its ddays, its technicalities, its repeated and oft-
repeated appeals and reviews, its long delays which prevent the
honest man of modest means from getting his rights, while the
rich man, with abundant income, and the sharper, with subtle
and adroit ingenuities, can put off indefinitely the granting of
justice. That is the charge against us, against you and me; and
what is worse still, it is a charge against our free institutions
that is sapping the faith, the confidence, the loyalty of the
millions of people in this land, in those institutions.
Apart from those evidences, there is enough in the general
conditions to satisfy any one that either the Bar or somebody
490 SPEOIAL GOirFBKBNCB OK LEGAL EDUCATION.
else is not quite doing its full duty. Vastly complicated our
practice has become. The enormous masses of statutes and
decisions have made it so. Twelye thousand to fifteen thousand
public decisions of courts of last resort in a yearl Twelve
thousand to fifteen thcj^sand more statutes from our Congress
and legislatures! A wilderness of laws and a wilderness of
adjudications that no man can follow^ requiring not less^ but
more ability; not less, but more learning; not less, but more
intellectual training in order to advise an honest man as to what
his rights are and in order to get his rights for him. Are we
doing it? No. The Bar stays still. It has been talking 25
years. The American Bar Association has been talking about it
for 25 years, appointing conunittees, listening to reports and
filing them. This is the first attempt, in any authoritative and
conclusive way, to do something. I am here to ask you to
help in it.
Not only has the practice of law become complicated, but the
development of the law has become difficult. New conditions of
life surround us; capital and labor, machinery and transporta-
tion, social and economic questions of the greatest, most vital
interest and importance, the effects of taxation, the social struc-
ture, justice to the poor and injustice to the rich — ^a vast array
of difficult and complicated questions that somebody has got to
solve, or we here in this country will suffer as the poor creatures
in Bussia are suffering because of a violation of economic law,
whose decrees are inexorable and cruel. Somebody has got to
solve these questions. How are they to be solved ? I am sure we
all hope they will be solved by the application to the new con-
ditions of the old principles of justice out of which grew our
institutions. But to do that you must have somebody who underr
stands those principles, their history, their reason, their spirit,
their capacity for extension, and their right application. Who
is to have that ? Who but the Bar ? Is the Bar giving it ? Is
the Bar getting it? The public^s judgment is that it is not.
Conditions have so changed from Abraham Lincoln's day that
the problem is different and the opportunity is different. Not
only that, but the material is becoming different.
I was for many years a member of the Character Conmiittee
in the City of New York, appointed by the Appellate Division of
SPBOIAL 00NFEB3SK0B ON LBQAL ISDUOATION. 491
the Supreme Court of tbat Department^ and year after year we
used to sit^ and all the applicants for admissions to the Bar came
before ns and presented their papers and submitted themselyes
to such examination as we saw fit to make regarding their char-
acters. And every year, when it was all through, we were com-
pelled to confess to each other that we really did not know
anything about the character of nine-tenths of the young men
who came before us. They would get somebody to sign the
neciessary papers, and they would furnish certain formal state-
ments about their careers. A young fellow just applying for
admission to the Bar has not much of a career. It is very diffi-
cult to tell much about his character. We could not keep a
young man out because we did not know much about him. It
would not be fair to deprive him of his chances. Nevertheless,
I had, we all had, an uncomfortable and unhappy feeling that we
were admitting to the Bar each year some scores and hundreds
of young men without any warrant whatever for believing that
ihey had the character that is the most essential thing in the
administration of justice.
The old practice of Lincoln's time, under which a young man
studied in a law office, got a little coaching, a little steering
from the members of the firm, read a few fundamental books and
became educated as a lawyer in that way, has passed. Here and
there in the country districts it may remain, but by and large
it has gone. That path way is no longer open to the young man
who is seeking admittance to the Bar. In its place has come the
law school ; and in place of that assurance which the old lawyer
in whose office a boy had studied could give to the court upon
his personal knowledge, has come the Bar examination.
Two things, I think, lie at the bottom of our difficulty here.
One is that the old system which has passed away was a system
that gave moral qualities to the boy. He took in, through the
pores of his skin, the way of thinking and of feeling, the
standards of morality, of honor, of equity, of justice, that pre-
vailed in that law office; and the moral qualities are the qualities
for the want of which our Bar is going down.
Lincoln did not need any such resolutions as we haVe here.
Lincoln inherited and breathed in and grew into the moral
quality that makes a lawyer prominent, that makes a judge great.
492 SPECIAL CONFBBSNOB ON LEOAIi EDUCATION.
The other difficulty is that examination is wholly incapable
of testing that moral quality of a man. The young men that I
have been talking about, whom we have to see with doubt going
through the examination and into the Bar were acute, subtle,
adroit, skillful. They had crammed for their examinations.
They could trot around any simple-minded American boy from
the country three times a day. But the thing that we were
troubled about in that Character Committee was: Haye they
got the moral qualities ? And we had no OTidence that they had.
And the evidences are coming in all the time, of a great influx
into the Bar of men with intellectual acumen and no moral
qualities. How are you going to get them ? Not by an examina-
tion; not by going bade to the law office. That is impossible.
There is another thing to be considered. A Teiy large part
of these new aecessione, and particularly in the large cities, are
of young men who ha^e come in recent years from the Continent
of Europe. They have oome from countries where there is a
highly developed jurisprudence. They have necessarily, by in-
heritance, all those predilections and fundamental ideas which
differentiate the continental systems of jurisprudence fran the
Anglo-American system. Do not underestimate the importance
of that. I am not saying that the systems of the countries from
which they come are not just as good as ours. I am drawing no
comparison. But they aie different from ours. Do not mistake
that. I had many years ago to argue a case in the Supreme
Court of the United States, the case of Hilton vs. Guyot — ^you
will find it along about 30 years ago in the reports (169 IT. S.
113) — ^involving the effect of a French judgment. After very
careful and long continued study I came to this ccmcfaision:
That an American stood no chance in a French court and a
Frenchman stood no chance in an American court. I have
thought of that a thousand times since, when engaged in inter-
national affairs, and I have seen it illustrated over and over and
over again. The great trouble in international affairs is that
the people of two different countries have two different sets of
pre-natal ideas in the backs of their heads. Eveiy word that
is said and printed and written receives one meaning against
the background of one set of ideas, and another meaning against
the background of the other set of ideas. If you have a week's
8PBCIAL OONFBRBKOB ON LBQAL BDUOATION. 493
conference^ yon c&n Bpend aix days in trying to understand each •
other's back-of-the-head ideas. And if you can get a little
glimmer of an idea of what the other fellow is really thinking
about, then you can settle your difficully in five minut^.
These young men to whom I have referred come here, and they
are coming to our Bar by the hundreds, with continental ideas
bom in them. No cramming for an examination will get them
out. They are not to be learned or di%-l^nied out of a book.
Those ideaa can be modified or adapted to our ideas only by con-
tact with life — contact with American life — ^taking in, in the
processes of life, some conception of what the American thought
and feeling and underlying hasis of honesty and justice is.
Now, how can you get it? The idea of this resolution, that the
law school should require as one of its conditions for entrance two
years in an American college, is an effort, and the only one that has
been suggested, to require that these young men shall go and
spend an appreciable time under such conditions that they will
take in the morale of our country before they are admitted to the
Bar.
I belieye in the fundamental conceptions of justice and honor
and good faith, out of which our American institutions grew.
They were the conceptions that were brought out by struggle and
sacrifice during the long centuries of the Anglo-Saxon fight for
freedom. They received a new birth, a new commission upon the
American continent — an enlarged conception of individual liberty
and manhood, of individual right, of justice, of duty to the state,
of the common good, entertained by men who had no superiors,
who looked up to no government above them, but were the gov-
ernment, through their own organization. That was the complex
of conceptions that gave the formative power that has made this
continent, that has carried the common law of England from
ocean to ocean; that has made the individual enterprise of Amer-
ica, carried on hy sovereign citizens, dealing with justice and
rendering justice, a mightier force than the dictates of any
empire or any sovereign.
I said a few moment ago that I do not criticize any continental
view of jurisprudence. Btt I do take leave to say that we want
our view here in this country to continue.
494 SPBOIAL CONFBBBNCB ON LEGAL SDUOATION.
I do not want anybody to come to the Bar which I honor and
revere^ chartered by our goyernment to aid in the adminUtration
of justice, who haanot any conception of the moral qualities that
underlie our free American institutions — and they are coming,
today, by the hundreds.
I know of no way that has been suggested to assure to any con-
siderable degree the achievement of such a view on the part of
aspirants to the Bar except this suggestion that they shoidd be
required to go to an American college for two years and mingle
with the young American boys and girls in those colleges, be a
part of their life, and learn something of the community spirit of
our land, at its best; learn something of the spirit of young
America in its aspiration and its ambition, seeking to fit itself
for greater things. That is what they wiU get in an Ainerican
college.
Somebody sent me the other day a card that had been circu-
lated from some night school suggesting that this was a snobbish
proposal. He who sent it knew litUe of the American college. We
are told that this will keep poor yoimg men out. Keep them
out 1 Do you suppose such a thing would have kept Lincoln out ?
I have been, within the last year, to three American xmiyersities,
each one of which had over 11,000 students. I never saw a more
inspiring spectacle than I did in going into the great reading
room in the University of California and seeing there from a
thousand to two thousand young men and women all at work,
reading. Oh, my heart grew lighter in its view of the future in
the faith of that spectacle !
I know American colleges, and I have seen for 60 years the
plain boys trudging over the hills to get an education in order
that they might climb the heights of fame and fortune, in order
that thqr might slake the thirst for learning, in order that they
might make themselves something bigger and better; and I say
to you there is no better democracy in this world than the de-
mocracy of the American college. And that is the great thing
that is learned there; for in it the youth pass the most formative
years of their lives before the spectacle of men who are happy in
the pursuit of learning aad of literature and of science — happy
in their growth and achievements — without money, without dis-
play, without ostentation. There are today over 600,000 young
8PB0IAL OONFERB)^CB ON LEGAL EDUCATION. 495
Americans in these institutions. And can you tell me that a boy
who is worth his salt, who is fit ever to have a client, who has
the character that will enable himfto assert and maintain rights,
cannot find his way to one of those institutions and spend two
years there? If he cannot, he does not belong in the Bar.
One other thing : Whence come these 600,000 ? Obserre, that
means every year that more young Americans are going into
these institutions than there are in the whole Bar of the United
States. They could duplicate the Bar of the United States every
year, if all the youngsters that came out went into the Bar.
Whence come they ? They come from the people of every call-
ing, all over our land> of every condition, from parents who are
working hard to educate their children, and from conditions of
life where the child has to serve itself. They are coming in
response to the universal feeling of the American people that
they must make progress. That is where these 600,000 come
from. They come from a people who mean to do better, to be
better, to be stronger, to do great and greater things.
Is the Bar alone to be free from that noble feeling ? The Bar,
which deems itself the guardian of the most sacred rights of
humanity? Is the Bar to sit silent, passing futile resolutions
expressing pious hopes, and unwilling that its ranks shall be
elevated by marching side by side with all the rest of the great
and aspiring American people ?
There is no trouble about a young man getting a college educa-
tion in this country today — ^not the least. There is money enough
wasted by incompetent, slovenly, ignorant practice, keeping
honest men out of their rights, filling up the time of the courts,
frustrating efforts at more prompt disposal of cases, and the
granting of justice — ^there is more money wasted each year than
would be necessary to pay for the education in college of all the
men that will apply for admission to the American Bar for the
next 25 years.
One concluding thing: What is all this for? What is the
vital consideration underlying all the efforts of the American
Barf We are conunissioned by the state to render a service.
What we have been talking about is the way of ascertaining or
of producing competency to render that service. Upon what
standard of judgment shall we consider and attempt to do that?
496 SFBOIAL OONFSBBNOB ON LBOAL BDUCATION.
Of oar rights ? Of the rights of the yotmg men who come here
crowding to the gates of our Bar ? Is it a pririlege to be passed
around, a benefit to be conferred? Is there any doubt that that
standard is inadmissible ? Do we not all reject it P
The standard of public service is the standard of the Bar^ if
the Bar is to live; the maintenance of justice^ the rendering of
justice to rich and poor alike; prompt, inexpensive, efficient
justice.
Shall we turn our backs on an effort to secure better public
service, and go away and congratulate ourselves on the preserva^
tion of the privilege of charging fees for services, without regard
to the great duty, the great obligation, the great responsibility,
that our privilege carries with it ?
The Bar of America has been fumbling for years, through the
American Bar Association and state associations and local asso-
ciations and in private conference and in public addrees, to find
some way to render the public service that we all know we are
bound to render, and that we all feel we are not rendering satis-
factorily; and this is the one concrete and practical step pro-
posed for the accomplishment of that purpose.
I hope that we shall have the enthusiastic and effective sup-
port of all the Bar associations of the coxmtry in the maintenance
of that standard.
At the afternoon session Chief Justice William Howard Taft
(who presided) said :
Gentlemen of the Conference, a good chancellor amjdifles hit
jurisdiction. My experience up to date in my present ofSee is
such that I do not need any amplification. However, my assodar
tion in the cause of legal education was as dean of a law Btbook
for three yeaiB; I have been professor for eight years; and thif
makes me feel that when I am called upon to speak for a canse
like this that I should respond and ought not to be criticised for
responding. We have critics not only of our opinions, but of our
occasional utterances. Therefore we must take care that what
we talk about shall be in the line of judicial propriety. I trust
that a discussion of the need of legal education is not such aii
issue that either Congressmen or Senators can complain ol my
going into it.
SPBOIAL OONFBBBNOB OK LBOAL EDUCATION. 497
^he law is a learned profession. It requires dose^ accurate,
Constant study fo master it aad to make a man a good and helpfxQ
lawyer. Its field is very wide. It must apply to every phaae of
our many-sided life aad society. As life and society grow more
complicated^ the law takes on that characteristic.
The source of the law is in statutes and in precedents. The
statutes are without number and the precedents are myriad and
are contained in thousands, yea tens of thousands of volumes.
No man can know all the statutes or all the cases which make
precedents in the unwritten law, and in the application of sta-
tutes. He can oAly study generally the principles as they are to
be found in the leading cases and familiarize himself with the
methods available for finding the detailed preced^ts especially
applicable to the case in hand.
This calls for a good and a trained memory, great intellectual
industry and facility, a power of analytical and i^thetic reason-
ing, and very wide, general information of society and the prac-
tical affairs of men and government, adapting him to quick
acquisition of knowledge, accurate and sufficiently detailed to
enable him to advise those who seek his assistance, and to main-
tain or defend their rights in every walk, profession or business
in our kaleidoscopic society.
It goes without saying that the best preparation for the suc-
cessful study and practice of such a profession is a wide and
thorough general education/ The best general education is to be
had at our colleges and universities. There (me studies litera-
ture, language, mathematics, science, history, economics and
government. There one is subject to daily, monthly, semi-yearly
or yearly examinations of what he has studied. He is trained
to arrange his mental machinery by special review and rapid
summary of the study of a considerable period to present it to hid
examiner in a comprehensive, accurate and logically digested
form. He will not remember it all permanently but he will oarry
enough largely to widen his general information, and what is
more important, he will by this constant practice in preparing
for such a review and examination acquire a facility in the rapid
acquisition and analytical digestion of any of the infinite variety
of subjects he may have to be famliar with in advising a client
or conducting a litigation for his rights. Such facility will often
498 8PB0IAL OONFEBEKOB ON LBQAL XDUOATION.
make the difference between his failure and his success. For no
learned profession^ therefore^ is a thorough and general college
education more necessary than for that of the law.
I am not saying that a man may not acquire sujch an education
and preparation without having the benefit and opportunity of a
collegiate or university course. There are geniuses in applica-
tiouy men of native inteDectuality and ability and high ambition
who <;an mount obetacles and fit themselves for anything to
which their wiU would carry them. But they are rare exceptions.
We have to deal, in laying down rules for the required prepara-
tion for a profession^ with the average man who wishes to practice
it, in order that society may be served in a most important ca-
pacity by competent practitioners. We should not be governed in
laying down such rules by the needs or ambitions of those who
would become lawyers. The safety of society, and their useful
aid to society are ihe prime considerations. If a man cannot
secure the preparation which an average man should have, to be
a lawyer, then he should seek some other avenue of livelihood.
We have all the lawyers we need now, and there is likely to be
no dearth of them, however thorough the preparation insisted
upon. The illustrations of the evil that may be done, by admitting
to a learned profession of importance to the community one not
properly prepared, are perhapB easier to find and elaborate in the
case of physicians and surgeons than in that of the lawyers; but
the evil though not as plain is just as great in the injury done
to individuals and society.
But I am asked, would you shut out worthy young men so
poor that they cannot go to college? Would you bar a man like
Lincoln from the Bar because he had to fight his way from
squalor and poverty to become the great lawyer he was ? No, I
would not. Lincoln was a man, and so are all nasc^it geniuses
and leaders Uke him, who if it had been necessary to go to a
college to prepare himself for the Bar would have overcome
another obstacle and done so. It was not necessary in his day to
have the basis of a college education for admission to the Bar.
He educated himself and prepared himself. He would have been
better prepared, had he had a college education, but he was a rare
mould and his example furnishes no rule which should guide us
today. The opportunities for college education are not confined
dPBOIAL GONFERBNCS ON LEGAL BDUGATIOK. 499
to the great eastern endowed uniyeraities^ or to the great state
nmyersitieSy now flourishing in every state. The whole country
is dotted with collegiate institutions of learning near to the
home of every young man anxious to come to the Bar^ with
facilities for supporting himself through his college course if he
has the courage and tenacity and self-restraint to avail himself
of them. There are thousands of young men doing this now.
Such a man will derive more from his college course than the
young man wh() is supported in college by his parents. He will
know what it costs in effort to secure such an education. He will
value it his whole life long. He will have in its acquisition a
discipline of character that will enable him in the race of life to
distance his apparently more fortunate cla^smate6 who giet
remittances from home and r^ard more highly the diverting
pleasures of a college course.
I do not know that I want to be i>ersonal^ but that comes home
to me with such force that I must illustrate it with an anecdote.
My father was the son of a farmer in that part of Vermont
where how they live makes a man wonder when he goes to see
those hillside farms. And he determined to get a college educa-
tion^ because he was going to be a lawyer. So he got some money
by teaching at home. His teaching must have been pretty poor^
but he was the head of the class^ so he could be sure of questions
that he asked. And with the accumulation of a little money he
walked down from Vermont to the academy, to get his prepara-
tion^ and then walked to Yale from Vermont. Then when he
went in he worked hard, and he came out successful. And he
worked his way through college. Now in his mind the value of
education was so firmly embedded that his disgust at the use of
the college for pleasure and for athletics was marked in hip
whole view of the college lif e, and therefore when I went to
college I had a gentleman at home that had an estimate of the
benefit he was conferring on me by sending me there. He did
not have much of a curriculum, but he got out of college Ufe
more than any man that I knew. And why? Because he got
with it the discipline of character and the proper estimate of the
value of education. Therefore the men who do accept the opporr
tunities that are open to every young man to go through college
and Tirork himself through^ while it is hard, they are receiving a
500 SPBOIAL CONFEBSNOE ON LEGAL EDUCATION.
txaiziing that will stand them in good stead in after life and
make them as they become, the leaders, whereTer they cast
their lot.
But I must not dwell on this phase of preparation require-
ments for the Bar longer. I would not over-emphasize the side
and claims of the applicant for the Bar. The great consideration
is the usefulness to society of the Bar — ^as to that, there can be
no doubt, that we shall greatly increase the competency of the
Bar to discharge its most important function if ^e insist on the
necessary preliminary essential of a thorough coUege education.
In the new rules adopted by the American Bar Afisodation, we
have not made a complete college course necessary before study
of the law begins, though I hope we may ultimately do so. We
are moving in that direction by requiring two years of collegiate
training.
Do not for a moment ascribe to me the conviction that a college
education will fit all men who have it to become good lawyers.
There are many who go through college who are no better pre-
pared to begin the study of the law than men without a college
education. They are men upon whom any higher education is
wasted. I am sorry to say it, but if it were smallpoz they would
not run any risk of getting it. But we must be guided in adopt-
ing rules for a whole country by the average results of a require-
ment and not be driven from it by personal exception which
would prevent making any rules at all, and open the profession
to even greater abuses than now exist, great as they are.
There is nothing aristocratic or exclusive about our policy.
When you come to employ a doctor to attend your very sick wife
or child, you don't think yourself exclusive, you don't count your-
self an aristocrat because you make diligent inquiry to obtain the
best doctor you can get. When you are seeking to recover just
compensation for a gross injustice done you, or are defending
yourself against a dangerous and fraudulent suit against your-
self for heavy damages, or are seeking to save your property from
total loss at the hands of some one whom you have unwisely
trusted with it, you cannot be called a patrician, or a snob, or
an aristocrat because you try to find a lawyer who is the ablest
and best fitted man to preserve your rights at the Bar. The
rules for preparation for the profession of the Bar were adopted
SPBOUL OONFBOBBNOB ON UKIAL BDUOATION. 601
for the purpose of makmg it more likely that you can find gach a
well-prepared lawyer, and making it lese likely that you will
hazard your important interests^ important at least to you, by
placing them in the hands of a man who practices law but who
may not know enough to protect them as a competent lawyer
would. It will not make certain that every lawyer is competent
but it will certainly reduce the number of incompetents. We
make haste slowly in this world in reforms. But it is important
that we shall be constantly moving in the right direction.
Chairman Taft:
The first topic for discussion is that of the justification of the
proposed requirement of at least two years of college experience
and training in view of the techniod education necessary to
make an efficient lawyer. I have the pleasure of introducing
Prof Samuel Williston, of the Harvard Law School.
Samuel Williston, of Massachusetts :
There are more reasons than one which make it desirable that
one who proposes to study law should have had at least two years
of college experience and training in order that he shall obtain
the grasp of legal theory and principle that is essential to a well*
educated lawyer.
In the first place, two years of college training insures some
degree of maturity in the student, and the effective study of law
demands a mind of some maturity. The childish gift of memory
is by no means to be despised, but the law student who relies
entirely upon that is doomed to failure. Nor is pure logic,
though vital in legal study, the only power of mind which a
student of the law should possess and exercise. Perhaps the
highest mental faculty which a great lawyer ultimately acquires
is wise judgment, based not only on memory and logical deduc-
tion, but on a wide range of comparisons and inferences too
numerous and too subtle for complete classification. This faculty
id of slow growth, but its development should be begun and carried
forward while a student is engaged in mastering a knowledge
of technical law, and the faculty is one which can be evolved and
educated satisfactorily only in a student of somewhat mature
fears.
502 SPXOIAL CONFBBBNOB ON LEGAL SDUOATION.
If years alone were requisitey this desideratum oould be ob-
tained by fixing an age limit for students entering upon legal
studies; but years alone wiU not sufSce^ the years mufit have been
spent in such a way as to fit the young man for the work which
is before him. Law is a bookish profession, and it is inevitable
tbat it should become more so. Illustrations of great lawyers of
past generations who have achieved success with slender knowl-
edge derived from books are misleading. The printed sources
of Anglo-American law have been more than doubled in bulk in
30 or 40 years. There are more law reports in English printed
since 1885 than were printed prior to that year from the begin-
ning of English law reporting. The bulk of statute, moreover,
is enormous. No lawyer can be efficient now who has not some
ability to use books and extract from them quickly and accurately
the principles which they state. The law student at the very
beginning of his course, and throughout his course, must be
plunged in the midst of books. It is not an adequate or suffi-
cient technical education for him to learn brief summaries of
the main topics of the law. He must be able to investigate the
original sources and learn to do this easily and quickly. Only by
previous considerable use of books is he likely to have facility
in using them, and in extracting quickly from language fre-
quently containing large words and involved sentences, an ac-
curate conception of their meaning. The curriculum of the law
school is already overcrowded and much time cannot be spent in
training students in the capacity to look up references quickly
and extract from them readily their meaning. I am assuming,
it will be seen, that the student is to acquire his technical educa-
tion in a law school. That this is now the only desirable way
need not here be argued; but I may say parenthetically, that a
student who endeavors to prepare himself for the Bar without
entering a law school has even greater need of preliminary gen-
eral education.
In order to understand fully the importance of maturity and
preliminary education before the work in a law school is under-
taken, the character of that work should be understood. It is
not what it was a generation ago. Students of the better law
schools are not now given little elementary books from which
to memorize formal rules. No great capacity beyond that of
SPECIAL COKFEEENCE ON LEQAL EDUOATION. 503
memory is necessary to learn that mutual assent and considera-
tion are prerequisites to the formation of a simple contract. But
we have learned how little the memorizing of such roles gives
a student. The test of experience has shown that to get an
adequate legal education a student must study cases — ^the source
of most of the law. Not the capacity to state a principle in an
approved memorized form, but the ability to apply the principle
to actual facts is what constitutes a, lawyer. As in natural science,
eo in law, dividing lines are shadowy. It is often as difficult to dx
the precise boundary between legal right and legal wrong as that
between the animal and the vegetable kingdom. Only by observ-
ing the applications made by the courts of the principles which
they lay down can a student acquire an adequate idea of where
dividing lines should be drawn.
The development of the case system of study and teaching has
resulted in an enormous improvement in the capacity of graduates
of the best law schools. It is often stated that a student on
leaving the law school has but a small accumulation of knowl-
edge of the law, which he will increase as the years go by in the
practice of his profession. This is misleading. A third year
law student in one of our better law schools, on graduation,
knows more in the way of legal principle and theory than he-
will ever know again. This may make distinguished members of
the profession smUe, but if they will take a series of the examina-
tion papers which our students pass and look them over care-
fully, with a view to writing adequate answers, they will be
likely to take my statement seriously. How many members of the
Bar in good standing, with Bar examinations years behind them,
would be wilUng to wager that they could pass now the Bar
examinations in a state where such examinations are as rigid
as they are in many places — though nowhere are they as severe
as in the law schools of the highest grade.
I must not be imderstood to make a broader statement than I
intend. After admission to the Bar lawyers learn practice and
procedure and methods of applying their legal knowledge most
effectively. They also learn how the business affairs of life are
conducted of which law students are not infrequently very igno-
rant. On certain topics in which they happen to become specialists
they learn the law with a thoroughness and detail whidi no law
504 8PB0IAL CONFEBBNGB ON LEGAL EDUCATION.
student can eqaal ; but for a broad oonspectua of legal principle
and theory, the Iaw student on graduation almost invariably is,
as I have said, at a higher mark than he is likely again to attain.
Now it is at best a hard test for banners, to plunge them into
the law reports and endeavor to make them extract from the
decisions the meaning that is in them. If the work is well done
the student must learn to extract this meaning himself, not
merely be told what the professor thinks about it, with directions
to memorize the professor's opinion. At the beginning the stu-
dent will need much help in this work; as he proceeds he becomes
more independent, but, at best, it is a severe intellectual exercise,
and therefore, as I have said, a student should have considerable
practice in using books and extracting the meaning from the
written word before being subjected to it. This is merely saying
the same of law books that might be said of any subject new to
the student and couched in difScult and technical terms.
It may be asked — are not the law schools of which I speak
going too far? Is it necessary for students to learn so much?
It is necessary if the law and its practitioners are to be made
even approximately as good as can be. It is increasingly neces-
sary as the years go by, as law books multiply, as Ufe and busi-
ness methods become more complex an'd as it becomes increasingly
impossible for original intuition to achieve valuable results
unless accompanied by knowledge of what has been done in the
past.
Besides the maturity and general intelligence in using books
and language which may be expected from one who has had
some college training, and which are lees likely to be found when
one has not had this advantage, the specific studies which are
taught in college have a distinct, though often indirect, bearing
on the work which a lawyer is called upon to do. As rules of
law are merely rules governing the life of a community, all knowl-
edge relating to the Ufe of the oommunily is of indirect advantage
to the lawyer. Rules of law should coincide with wise economic
policy, and one who has no conception of economic policy is not
a well-trained lawyer. This is more apparent in some branches
of the law than in others — ^labor disputes, railway administration,
restraint of monopolistic combinations, all involve fundamentally
economic questions, and law must be brought into harmony with
SPBOIAL OOKFBBJSNOB OK LBQAL BDUOATION. 505
a wise economic solution of such questions. One who has had
no college training is not likely to have an intelligent under-
standing of economic theory on which to base a study of the law
governing such problems^ and few indeed are those for whom
the possibility of broad systematic study has not ended when
they begin the actual practice of their profession. The study of
histoiy also furnishes a background enabling the student in his
technical studies to grasp better the idea that legal prindples
are an evolution^ that in varying degrees they are always influx
and must be studied with reference to time> place, and dieum-
stances, and adapted to them.
More important even than these special studies is the capacity
to use the English language. To read it understandingly, to
write it and speak it correctly and effectively. While it mu^t
be sadly admitted that college students are frequently defective
in these respects, at least they are better than those who have
not had college training.
It may be asked> are there not other and better ways to secure
desired results than through an imposed rigid requirement of
college training. On the whole, the answer must be/' No.'' It is
not possible by examination to ascertain the student's pro-
ficiency with any degree of accuracy, and the element of time
spent in studious pursuits is in itself of great importance.
It will be urged that though the preliminary training sug-
gested may be desirable or> indeed, necessary for many or most
students, some at least are perfectly able to undertake the study
of law even under the strenuous conditions now existing in the
best law schools, and to profit by it. It must be freely admitted
that there are such young men. There is no doubt that high
native ability is even more important than preparatory training
and that some students that have had no college education will
surpass many who have had a full term at college. This does not
dispose of the question, however. The question is not whether
such brilliant yoimg men can with some degree of success master
the required legal studies, but rather will they be much the better
for having had two years of college work; and in regard to this
I think the answer should not be doubtful. For the very reason
that their distinguished natural talent would enable them to do
better than most of their companions, so they would derive from
506 8PBCIAL CONFBBSNOB ON LEGAL KDUOATION.
t^o years work in college greater benefits than other men. These
brilliant jcontbs are the very ones whose wings should not be
clipped by permitting inadequate preparation. That their reso-
lution to study law will be affected by a higher requirement than
has prevailed in the past, is extremely imlikely. They will fulfill
a new requirement as in the past they have fulfilled lesser require-
ments, and they will have permanent cause to be grateful to
those who refuse to allow them to enter into a profession with
inadequate training.
Moreover, rules must be judged by their general effect.
Lawyers do not need to be told that ihe best rule may not work
happily in every case and that effects must be considered as a
whole.
This question is not wholly one of theorizing. There are many
law schools in the countiy which have had experience which
should enable their teachers to give opinions of value. A large
proportion of the leading law schools of the United States now
require a college degree, or at least two years of college educa-
tion, as a prerequisite for admission. Thirty years ago not a
single law school had this requirement. Very many teachers of
law, therefore, have had pupils admitted without college train-
ing, and have subsequently had opportunity to observe the effect
of requiring college work as a prerequisite to admission.
I am not in a position to give statistics, except with reference
to the Harvard Law School, but I think I may say, without fear
of contradiction from those who have had such experience as I
speak of, that a number of men are eliminated who would better
never have studied law because of their inferior mental equip-
ment, and that the better class of students is improved by longer
preliminary education. As to the Harvard Law School, our
secretary has prepared a brief table showing the results actually
achieved by those in the school who had a college degree, and by
those who had not. Practically none of the latter had any
college training; but most of them had a high school education,
and as a prerequisite to admission were required to pass an
examination in Latin, French and Blackstone.
I should say further that in the Harvard Law School at the
time of these figures 75 per cent was an honor mark attained by
few and 50 per cent was required for a bare passing mark.
SPBOIAL GOKFSRBNGB ON LBGAL BDUOAOlOK. S07
Comparison of the work of college graduates with non-gradu-
ates entering the Harvard Law School in the years 189^1896 :
College grftdnates Non-gradofttes
r ' ^" '\f' A., , ^
No. of gradiMtes No. of non-gradaates
in first year Average in first year Average
Year class grade elass grade
1882 89 67% 17 60%
1893 88 66% 18 68%
1894 97 64% 19 67%
1896 99 66% 88 64%
1886. 138 66% 43 67%
Chairman Taf t :
Now I have the pleasure of introducing Qovemor Balston, of
Indiana, to speak on the subject before the house.
Samuel M. Balston^ of Indiana :
The Constitution of Indiana provides that any man may be
admitted to practice law who has a good moral character.
•The justification of requiring two years of college training in
view of the technical education necessary to make an efficient
lawyer has been ably maintained by the paper we have just heard.
The speaker has long adorned the legal profession, and his serv-
ices as a teacher and author have placed not only the legal profes-
sion, but our country, imder obligations to him. Whatever he
says on any subject is entitled to the most respectful consideration.
Neither the paper nor the subject it treats can be given a very
full consideration in the few minutes allowed me. I have no
doubt, however, that others will speak on the subject — some in
favor of the position taken by the speaker and some against it,
BO that by the time the discussion closes, we wiU all have a fairly
definite notion on which side of the line we desire to stand.
When I was invited to open this discussion, I recalled that the
subject we are considering was before the American Bar Associa-
tion at its last annual meeting, and upon consulting the report of
that meeting, I was impressed that the last word had then been
spoken, both for and against the proposition, namely, that before
one should be permitted to take up the study of the law, he
should have had two years college experience and training.
All will concede that the more liberally a boy is educated,
before he begins the study of the law, the more easily he will
master legal questions and become an efficient lawyer.
508 8PB0IAL CONFEBBKGB ON LBOAL KDUCATION.
The question presented bj the paper, however, is not whether
a well rounded out education is a thing to be desired, before the
study of the law is entered upon — that is conceded by all — ^but
it is contended therein that two years college training shall be
a prerequisite to entering upon the study of the law. In other
words, tiie boy who hae not had two years college training shall
not be permitted to qualify himself for the legal profession, if
the advocates of a two-year college course have their way, even
though he has a better basis on which to build a legal training
than has the chap with two years' experience in college to his
credit.
Perhaps my statement is broader than the language of the
paper, but I do not mean it to be. You have in mind the word-
ing of the proposition we are considering, and you remember
that in his first paragraph, the speaker informs us that ^^ There
are more reasons than one which make it desirable that one who
proposes to study law should have at least two years of coll<)ge
experience and training.'' The implication from this is that if
one, proposing to study law, has not had two years' college train-
ing, he should neither be permitted to enter a law school nor to
take up the law as a profession.
A law school supported by private funds has the right, of
course, to 'fix its own standard of admission for those desiring
its advantages with the view of becoming lawyers, but I maintain
that no institution, supported by public funds should say to an
American boy that he cannot become a lawyer, unless he first
wrestles for two years with a college curriculum.
I believe in colleges, and I endorse the wonderfiQ work they
are doing, but I am not willing that even a college shall bar a
boy from becoming a lawyer who has not been fortunate enough
to avail himself of collegiate training for two years.
There is much in this paper that I heartily endorse. I concede
that college training will mature the judgment of a student, and
sound judgment is essential to the lawyer. I concede that col-
lege experience will enable a student of the law to make better
use of legal textbooks and law reports, and to become more
familiar with economic and social questions, and that these will
add to his equipment as a lawyer. Certainly it is true, as the
paper suggests, that a college education will be of great ad-
8PS0IAL CONFBBBNCE ON LBOAL BDUCATION. 509
vantage to one who deares to be admitted to the Bar, but if he
has not been fortunate enough to have been schooled in a ooUege,
is it right or wise to deny him admission to a law school or to
the Bar, when he shows that he is mentally equipped for such
admission? There is no rule of justice that will withhold from
him the right of admission in either case, on the ground that
he has not had two years' experience in college.
I would not leave the impression that I am indifferent as to
whether a law student has had the helpful assistance of a law
school or not. Law schools afford their students very great
advantages and qualify them, as a rule, much better than a boy
can be qualified for the law in a law office. In truth, I believe so
strongly in the work of law schools, that I do not want to see
them fix their standards so high that none but boys who enjoy
liberal financial means, or who subject themselves to severe hard-
ships, can hope to receive a law diploma.
It smacks of a tragedy to say to a worthy and ambitious youth
that he has the ability to do the work of a law school, but that be
cannot get a law sdiool education because he has not had two
years^ training in college, or that he cannot qualify himself for
the Bar for the same reason.
While I do not advocate a low standard of mental equipment
and training for lawyers, and freely admit the probability of
better service being rendered by attorneys of exceptional qualifi-
cations, I take the position that an arbitrary requirement of
two years college training is not the proper solution and in
many cases would result in unnecessary hardship.
Admission to the Bar is often perfunctory and signifies no
particular preparation for the practice of the law. This is not
as it should be. A standard for admission to the Bar, showing
a liberal preparation to practice law, should be maintained by
each of the states, but such a standard should be satisfied when
it discloses the requisite ability for the practice of the law, with-
out regard to how that ability was acquired.
The admission requirements should tmdoubtedly include a
good elementary education, the knowledge of how to find the law,
and the ability to interpret correctly statements of legal prin-
ciples and important decisions and statutes, and to know the basic
principles of the common law. The ability to analyze, dis-
610 SPECIAL CONFBRBNOB OK LEGAL EDUCATION.
tinguish, and apply principles is also essential, but it does not
necessarily follow that these prerequisites can be acquired only
by first pursuing two years of collegiate work.
The requirements I suggest will meet the rule of fairness
exacted by a sound Americanism, and will develop a class of
lawyers sufBciently qualified to safeguard the rights of litigants
and wisely to coxmsel those seeking legal advice with the hope
that they may avoid being drawn into the courts. If lawyers can
be brought to average up to the standard these requirements
would establish, the legal profession would be able to discharge
its duty to society and government.
And, after all, it is the man of average ability who is the salt
of American citizenship. The average teacher in our schools
makes the greatest contribution in character building. The
average farmer, and not exceptionally superior farmers, feed the
world, and it is to the average lawyer, in point of character and
ability, to whom the people can look with the greatest confidence
for the enactment of wholesome laws and the wise interpretation
thereof. Any system of study or training that will produce this
kind of a lawyer should have the. approval of the legal profession.
Chairman Taft :
Now we will have the pleasure of hearing from another
Qovemor, a gentleman who for some years was Governor of
Missouri and for some years has been at Boulder, Colorado, a
professor and lecturer at the law school of the universil^ of that
state.
Herbert S. Hadlev, of Colorado:
While on the particular subject of legal education, I fear I
am not qualified to speak, on the broader aspect on which I have
been asked to speak, so much has been said, and well said, that it
seems almost the work of supererogation to undertake to add
anything; but I do feel, and feel strongly, both from my experi-
ence of 25 years at the Bar, and as a public official dealing largely
with lawyers during the limited time that it has been my good
fortune to be connected with education, the necessity of pre-
liminary college training to make a lawyer in the broadest and
best sense of the word. But before turning to that phase of the
proposition I want to emphasize what the Chief Justice has said
SPECIAL COKF£R£NG£ ON LEGAL. EDUCATION. 511
as to the surplus of production of lawyers under our present
system of legal education and admission to the Bar. I believe
as I have read the literature of these discussions that that point
has not heeh sufficiently emphasized.
Some years ago, as I recall it, the ITniversity of Michigan
made an investigation as to the extent to which the graduates
of that law school were pursuing the practice of law, and it was
found that 10 years after graduation less than one graduate in
five was then making his living by the practice of the law, and it
would seem that there is no doubt that tlie statistics of that
institution would apply to other institutions of the country. The
conclusion is irresistible in my opinion that the quantity is
exceeding the demand, and the quantity is increasing rapidly
today without reference to the quality. It is also interesting to
note that the increase in the number of law schoo^ and the
increase in the number of students in the law schools has gone
forward in about the same proportion as the decrease in the
medical schools and the decrease in attendance at medical schools
since the medical profession began to put its house in order.
Now, while I do not mean to say that the study of the law,
even for those who do not practice it, is without beneficial
results, yet I do mean to say that we should maintain the law
schools for the production of lawyers. But the question can, in
my opinion, be placed on a much higher and more controlling
theory than this, and that is on the theory of the welfare of our
profession and the proper administration of justice in our courts.
It is stated by the Chief Justice in his excellent introduction
that our profession is a learned one, and I suppose that the
Chief Justice has the last guess upon a question of that kind, as
well as the last guess upon the question of what the law is. But
I undertake to say — and I have made inquiries to settle in my
own mind this question — that at the present time — and I speak
particularly of the Central West, with which territory I am
familiar — no presumption of learning or culture is indulged by
the general public in favor of one simply because he is a lawyer.
I might go further and say that no presumption is indulged in
favor of one from the standpoint of moral character simply
because he is a lawyer.
17
512 SPECIAL GONFEBSNGB ON LEGAL EDUCATION.
•
Upon last Sunday, when I left the City of Denver, I read in
the newspaper a^ statement of the District Attorney of that city,
a city of 300,000 people, to the eflEect that after a year and a
half experience in the admitted enforcement of the criminal
law he had found that the lawyers who represented the criminals
were as criminally disposed as the men they were defending. I
can speak from the standpoint of an experience of six years of
trying to put men in the penitentiary, both through the trial and
appellate courts, and four years' experience in letting them out
of the penitentiary, in which I had to examine a great many
records in criminal prosecution. I think I am entirely con-
servative when I say that I think in two-thirds of those cases in
which I have had actual experience, I am certain that in a
majority of them perjured testimony was offered in behalf of
the defense. But the question does not relate only to the stand-
ing of our profession, the question concerns itself as to the effect
of this condition upon the administration of justice, and, whether
or not the opinions that I have expressed in reference to the pro-
fession are true, there can be no question of the public's dis-
satisfaction with the administration of justice in our courts.
Why, Mr. Chairman, we can eafiily recall the time 10 years
ago when the paramount issue — and paramount issues, i^mem-
ber, at that time, were the questions in American life — ^the
paramount issue in American politics was the relation or atti-
tude of the American people towards their courts. That dis-
satisfaction found expression along two lines: First, for the
failure of the courts to properly administer justice in ordinary
civil and criminal cases, and, second, upon the ground that the
courts by their reactionary positions in the decisions of ques-
tions involving social and industrial justice were defeating the
will of the majority in the enactment of laws for the regulation
of those questions. The dissatisfaction upon this latter ground
became so pronounced that it constituted one of the leading
causes for the organization of a great national party, and one of
the foremost leaders of American thought and action, Theodore
Boosevelt, a man who was correctly described by one of his
French admirers as " The greatest voice of the Western World,"
advocated the submission of the decisions of judges upon such
issues to review by popular vote. And the distinguished Chair-
SPECIAL GONFERSirCE ON LEGAL BDUCATION. 613
man of today's meeting said in a public address that ''the
administration of criminal justice had practically broken down
of its own weighty and that the administration of criminal law
in all of the states of the union^ with one or two exceptions,
was a disgrace to our civilization/'
I beUeve that it could be said that no statement by any public
man in the last 50 years upon a non-political issue attracted such
attention or has been so often quoted as this strong indictment
of our judicial system by Chief Justice Taft.
Now, with that situation existing, the question arises has it
improved since that time? Are the people, because they are not
discussing such questions today, any better satisfied with their
courts than they were 10 years ago ? I believe they are not. The
Great War, with its aftermath, has, of course, absorbed the atten-
tion of the American people; but that same inquisition of both
our profession and the administration of justice is going to come
again and we should be better prepared to present an answer to
that question when it does arrive than we were prepared to pre-
sent an answer to it ten years ago.
The statistics which cover the present situation of this country
are likely in my judgment to make this dissatisfaction more
pronounced than it was then, for from 1912 to 1918 there were
more people murdered in this country than there were American
soldiers killed in the World War.
Prosecutions in United States Courts increased from 9500 in
1912 to 70,000 in 1921, and in 1921 the property loss by reason of
thefts from public transportation companies reached the immense
sum of $100,000,000.
Now the question is what is the remedy, what is the correct
tion for those conditions — ^because our profession cannot escape
responsibility for the administration of justice in our courts.
Men who preside over the courts of this country are taken ex-
clusively from the members of our profession. The active
agencies who present the questions of law and of fact for adjudi-
cation by the courts are members of our profession. And, in
the final analysis, we must answer and accept responsibility*
I do not mean to say, in suggesting that education is the
remedy, that an educated man is always a good man or an able
one, because I have known many men who spent a number of
514 SPECIAL CONFERENCE ON LEGAL EDUCATION.
years at Harvard and never acquired anything except an accent,
and I have known many men who attended Yale and Princeton
without any result except to be able to smoke a pipe with distinc-
tion. And yet unless the whole theory of our government, unless
the whole theory of our system of public education is wrong, the
solution, and the only solution of this problem, is education and
more education.
There is even yet a broader view than I have stated in refer-
ence to this question of higher educational standards for our
profession. The theory of democracy, as James Bryce says in
his very able discussion of the subject, " is that the right to vote
will carry with it the will to vote, and that the will to vote should
go hand in hand with the ability to understand the questions to be
decided.*'
When Great Britain took her first step towards universal
suffrage, Robert Lowe, one of the leaders in opposition, declared
in Parliament, " Educate your masters.'* The justification of the
expenditures in this coxmtry of more money by the state and local
governments upon the support of education than in the support
of any other, and in many cases than of all the other departments,
of government, is that we must have an educated electorate; and
to be educated, it is not suflScient, as Mark Twain said, to be
able to sign your name without sticking out your tongue. An
educated voter does not mean one with merely the ability to read
and write. It means one with a mental development, capable of
anderstandiug and deciding public questions and voting upon
them understandingly, and particularly is it necessary for the
welfare of our country that the lawyers should be educated men in
the broadest and the best meaning of that term. All the members
of one department of our government come from our profession ;
two-thirds of the executives of the states of the union, I believe,
come from our profession, and if we have not furnished the
majority of the members of the legislative bodies, both the
National Legislative Body and the legislative bodies in the
states, we have certainly furnished a larger number to such
bodies than any other single profession or trade or occupation.
In one sense the majority of the members of our profession con-
stitute a governing class, and as De Tocqueville said, we con-
stitute a counterpoise for democracy. If our system of jurispru-
d^lSGlAL GONFEEENOB ON LEGAL EDUCATION. 615
dence was a set of arbitrary ndes^ if it was founded only on logic
or philosophy, it might be properly mastered and practiced by
uneducated men. But it is not. It is the product of the lives
and hopes, the struggles and aspirations of those who have lived
and wrought since civilization began. And what is true of the
problems of the law is true of problems of government.
And therefore unless our very theory of government is wrong,
unless OUT theory of public education is wrong, the need of higher
standards for admission to the practice of the law is cleHrly
evident.
Mr. Chairman, if I may trespass a moment, I want to say a
word in conclusion in reference to the practical side of this ques-
tion— and I trust in dealing with this problem we are all practi-
cal men.
This work of bringing about the raising of the standards for
admission to the study of law and for admission to the practice
of law I believe is peculiarly the work of the American B^r Asso-
ciation. I do not believe ^he members of this Association under-
estimate the difficulties that confront them. We will find in the
Supreme Courts, where they deal with the question, mostly men^
who were educated under the old system of the inadequate law
school or the law office. We will find in the legislatures the
country lawyer whose legal and general education has not been
extensive, and it will be a difficult proposition to secure the rules
necessary for the accomplifihment of the result. But the work
of the medical profession in what they have accomplished in the
correction of their conditions, the history of the last four amend-
ments to the Federal Constitution, and particularly the Eigh-
teenth Amendment to the Federal Constitution, show what can
be accomplished and how quickly by men who know what they
want and are determined to secure it. In this work in my judg-
ment we should heed the Scriptural admonition that no man
having put his hand to the plow and turning back is fit for the
Kingdom of God.
Chairman Taft :
The second topic is the effect of college experience and training
in developing the desire and ability to understand and maintain
high ideals of professional conduct. This is a topic to be intro-
duced by Mr. Silas Strawn, of Illinois.
516 SPECIAL CONFEBBNOB ON LBQAL BDUCATION.
Silas H. Strawn, of Illinois :
For more than 30 years I have been actively engaged in the
general practice of the law in the City of Chicago. During that
entire period it has been a part of my duty, as well as my pleasure
and privilege^ to direct the work of an average nimiber of 26
lawyers born and educated in different parts of the United States.
They have had all of the different d^rees of education, both
preliminary and legal. There have been graduates from the
great universities of this country and of England who have sub-
sequently taken degrees from our principal law schools. There
have been graduates of part-time law schools and of evening law
schools, with and without the advantage of a preliminary train-
ing either in a college or a high school. There have been others
who have graduated from part-time or night law schools after
having had preliminary college experience. And there have been
still others who have acquired their legal training in an office,
without ever having attended a law school or a college.
That a college experience and training develops the desire and
ability to maintain high ideals of professional conduct seems to
me incontrovertible. If this conclusion is not sound, then it
necessarily follows that all education and all systematic training
and discipline is a failure.
A college education presupposes :
1. Advantageous environment.
2. Opportunity for systematic mental discipline.
Can there be any argument upon the proposition that a student
in almost any college or university has not a tremendous advan-
tage in the development of habits of application, concentration,
industry, manliness, courage, frankness and, indeed, everything
that goes to make for general culture, influence and power over
him who is not surrounded by the daily atmosphere of college
life ? The college age is when the youthful mind is most forma-
tive and receptive.
Cardinal Newman well said :
'^ The practical business of a university is training good mem-
bers of society College honor is the keenest in the com-
munity and no higher ideals can be found on earth than in the
best thought of our best tmiversities.'^
SPBOIAL CONFEBENCB ON LEGAL EDUGATIOK. 617
Therefore, it seems unnecessary to argue that a college affords
an advantageous moral environment. Every one must admit
that fact.
That the college or university affords an opportunity for better
mental discipline is also an undeniable truth. However natur-
ally able or industrious the student's mind may be, it must
inevitably follow that the application of that mind in an orderly,
systematic way all of the time will produce infinitely better
results than will its application at mil or but part of the time.
It has been my invariable experience that, given two minds of
approximately equal inherent capacity, the college trained mind
when brought to bear upon the solution of any problem requiring
concentration and orderly thought will demonstrate greater
efficiency than the mind without that training. It is also true
that in the practice of the law the college trained mind manifests
higher moral conceptions and a keener appreciation of the ideals
of the profession.
Although to say it is trite, nevertheless too much emphasis
cannot be laid upon the fact that the law is a learned profession.
Never in the history of the world have the requirements fo^
the successful practice of the law been so exacting. With the
constantly increasing complexity of our governmental machinery
and the creation of bureaus and commissions to perform the
various functions of the nation and the several states, the prepa-
ration of the lawyer of today to do the work required of him
never ends.
To meet the requirements of the modem captain of industry
(whom we lawyers must admit to be our source of supply), the
lawyer must not only be more familiar with the general prin-
ciples applicable to the business of the client than is the client
himself, but, in addition, he must bring to the solution of the
many problems with which he is daily confronted a broad, gen-
eral knowledge of what is going on in business, political and
financial affairs not only in our own country, but throughout
the world.
The lawyer is frequently referred to by his client as the one
who " keeps him out of jail.*' This does not necessarily mean
the client is morally oblique and that the lawyer enables him to
evade the letter of the law. It is because the lawyer has a broader
t
518 SPECIAL CONFEBBNCE ON LEGAL EDUCATION.
vision and a better knowledge of the essential difference between
right and wrong. It sometimes becomes his duty to impress
upon the client that '^honesty is the best commercial policy/'
I say commercial policy and thereby avoid the realm of con-
troversy into which he might be precipitated if he dealt with
relative morals.
No lawyer can expect to attain any considerable degree of
success unless he commences his professional studies with the
background of a faithfully pursued college course.
We hear the argument that the poor cannot afford to engage
an expensive lawyer and that to supply this demand there must
come to the Bar practitioners who have so small an amount
invested in education that they can afford to sell their services
cheaply. I submit this is a mistaken idea of helpfulness. Can
any one deny that a cheap lawyer is an expensive luxury ? Is it
not frequently true that the so-called cheap lavryer charges more
for his services than the capable one ? There are two reasons for
this: (a) His experience and practice are so limited that he
has no opportunity to acquire any sense of proportion as to the
relative importance of the services performed by him, and (b)
be has not developed the requisite moral conscience or ideal of
professional conduct to overcome his inherent predatory desire to
follow the advice of Mr. Means in the Hoosier School Master,
" Git a plenty while you're gittin, I say to Mitandy.'*
The deplorable truth is that the poor generally pay more for
less efficient legal service, rendered by incompetent lawyers, than
the well-to-do pay for similar services rendered by lawyers of
recognized ability and standing at the Bar.
The major portion of the vast amount of corrective work per-
formed by the Chicago Bar Association consists in the restoration
to unfortunates of money and property of which they have been
robbed by unscrupulous lawyers who regard their license to
practice their profession as a license to loot.
For two years it was my privilege to serve as a member of the
Committee on Character and Fitness of candidates for admission
to the Bar of the State of Illinois. During that time there came
before our committee more than 400 applicants. Speaking gen-
erally, the weakness of the character and fitness of these appli-
cants did not consist in their lack of technical knowledge
SPECIAL (JONFEREXCE ON LEGAL EDUCATION. 519
requisite to pass their examinations. It was because they were
lacking in the appreciation of the ethics of the profession and of
the moral obligations which rests upon a member of the Bar.
Many of them were imbued by a desire to take a short cut to a
license because they craved the opportunity to prey upon clients.
Others regarded admission to the Bar as a badge of honor with-
out any appreciation of its attendant responsibilities.
It* was our unvarying experience that the lack of ability to
distinguish between right and wrong and the failure to realize
the ideals of the profession were most prevalent among those who
did not have a college training.
Therefore, while it may be admitted that there are exceptions
to the rule, and that a college education with its advantageous
environment and disciplinary opportunities does not always over-
come an inherent moral obliquity, I submit there can be no
supportable argument against the proposition that a college ex-
perience and training necessarily develops " the desire and the
ability to understand and maintain high ideals of professional
conduct.*'
Chairman Taf t :
The next subject for discussion is that of the economic con-
ditions and educational opportunities in the United States
which enable the ambitious boy of small means to obtain at least
two years of college training. The topic will be introduced by
James B. Angell, President of Yale University.
James B. Angell, of Connecticut :
The cost of professional education in the United States has in
recent years been rapidly advancing. This fact reflects in part
the general rise in the cost of commodities and of services of all
kinds and in part the raising of standards for entrance into the
professions. We have not as yet reached a state of equilibnmi
in either of these factors, and any statements which are made
today will presumably be subject to substantial revision a decade
hence. Nevertheless there are certain general tendencies dis-
cernible whose fiscal aspects can be evaluated with measurable
certainty ; and in response to the invitation of the officers of this
Association, I shall attempt with some misgivings to discuss
briefly the subject indicated by the title of my paper.
520 8r£CIAL CONFEilSKCB ON LEGAL EDUCATION.
I understand the premise upon which the discussions of this
paper are predicated is that applicants for admission to the Bar
shall be graduates from a reputable law school, entrance to which
requires at least two years of college training. Assuming that the
average boy at present enters college at about 18, it would follow
that under this program he would be 20 years of age before be-
ginning the explicit study of the law, would be at least 23 upon
graduation from the law school, which it is assumed would eom-
ply with the present three-year curriculum of the better schools.
Men possessing real capacity and enjoying reasonable fortune
in the securing of openings for practice might then perhaps expect
within another two years to be fairly on their feet financially
and to be no longer a charge upon their parents or guardians,
nor under further obligation to support themselves by other than
their professional work. How soon they can afford to marry and
assume the costs of rearing a family is another matter, but
one whose social aspects are assuredly of prime consequence in
this entire problem. It may be that, quite apart from the cost of
the two additional years required for collegiate training under
the program we are discussing, the mere extension of the time de-
manded would prove a critical element in the minds of many
young men. Evidently scholarships and the like would have no
bearing whatever upon this consideration. Possibly this factor
may preserve to a useful trade some men who otherwise might
attempt to adorn the Bar. It is a common saying at the present
time that no intellectually competent lad, who enjoys moderate
physical health, need be debarred from a collegiate education, if
he is really eager to secure it. I think this statement is wholly
inside the facts, although it perhaps suggests a smoother path
than often lies before the impecunious boy, particularly if he
does not enjoy the gift for making friendships and in general gain-
ing the confidence and regard of these among whom he is thrown.
All of us who have had extended experience in collegiate affairs can
recall occasional boys who, coming to college literally without
a cent, have managed not only to support themselves while in
college, but to lay up something for the future and in the course
of the process have given no external indication of lack of money,
have apparently had their college work disturbed in the least
possible measure by their money earning, and still less have ex-
8PB0IAL OOKKBBBKCB OK LBOAL BDUCATIOK. 621
hibited any inability to share in the ordinary social wd extra-
curriculum activities which constitute those characteristic fea-
tures of American college life most cherished by the under*
graduate. On the other hand^ we have seen many a lad strug*
gling against adversity, often at considerable cost to his health,
and still more often at the cost of certain of the real values d
the education which he is attempting to secure, sometimes being
obliged very greatly to extend the period of his training, to say
nothing of the sacrifice of social relationships which he has been
compelled to make in the process. On the other hand students
who have to fight for an education gain certain moral and intd*
lectual advantages whose value can hardly be over-estimated.
I call attention to these considerations because, in the citation
which I am about to enter upon of estimated costs for college
training, it is quite essential that due allowance be made for the
very wide difference in the capacities of students to carry on
academic study while engaged in gainful occupations.
It is doubtiess well recognized that collegiate conditions vary
at present very widely in different parts of the country, especially
as regards these matters of cost. Throughout the east, in the
older educational foundations, tuition fees are relatively high,
as are also law school fees. On the other hand, throughout the
regions where the state universities have been developed most ex<
tensively, collegiate tuition for residents of the state is often
nominal and generally relatively low, although non-residents are
almost invariably charged at a materially higher rate. Generally
speaking also, the fees at part-time and evening law schools
average probably somewhat less than at the full-time institutions.
In considering the element of cost therefore, one must have due
regard to these local and institutional differences.
I judge that one question in the minds of those who are advo-
cating the general policy under discussion concerns the extent
to which scholarships and loan funds may now be available for
students who, desiring to enter upon the study of law, would find
the cost of the training under the program suggested prohibitive.
I shall in a moment present certain figures regarding tuition
charges and scholarship funds, but I wish to make it clear at once
that, despite the necessary incompleteness of these figures, there
can be little question at all that the Scholarships and financial
522 SPECIAL CONFEBSNCB ON LEGAL EDUCATION.
aids at present available to law students are wholly insui&cient
substantially to affect the situation. In 1920, for example, of
the six largest law schools^ only one required more than high
school preparation. Approximately 4000 students were in these
five largest schools requiring no collegiate training, while less
than 900 were in the institution which did make such demand.
I have every reason to believe that, if the sum total of the students
in these lower grade institutions be compared with those in
institutions requiring at present two years of college discipline,
the above ratio would not be greatly modified. The existing
scholarships are in most of the colleges regarded as insufficient
to meet the present needs and if there were added to the collie
population the thousands of law students now in schools requir-
ing no collegiate work for entrance, those resources would be
hopelessly inadequate; nor is there any assurance that under
competition the prospective law students would secure a share at
all proportionate to their nxmabers. The complete insufficiency
of present scholarship aid to care for any considerable part of
these students now in the lower grade law schools is therefore
certain.
There are some institutions in which men can secure two years
of academic collegiate training by evening or late afternoon work>
thus permitting them to use the larger part of the day for finan-
cially profitable occupation; these institutions are not many in
number and are not widely distributed. Moreover, the added
cost of the tuition for such additional years must in any case be
counted in. Although any such prediction is precarious, I think
it is highly probable that a considerable proportion of the men
now in the lower grade schools would be excluded altogether from
the study of the law, by discouragement, if by no other more
compelling cause, were the two years of collegiate training made
prerequisite. Whether from tlie social point of view, or from the
professional point of view, such a result should be regarded as
an unmitigated disaster, I do not venture to allege, though I
suspect it would be mainly the weaklings who would be deterred
and the Bar can perhaps do without such ; but I am quite aware
that to a, large body of opinion it would be most unwholesome and
at variance with our supposed traditions,
SPSCIAL CONFEEEKCB ON LBGAL EDUCATION. 523
Doubtless had the writer of this paper found time for a more
careful assembly of statistics^ his figures regarding tuition
charges and scholarship and loan funds could have been made
substantially accurate. As it is these figures, taken from the
college and university official publicationfi, are believed to be
entirely trustworthy as regards the general trends which they
reflect, although they may well in particular instances be
slightly inexact. On the other hand, it is extremely difficult to
secure figures regarding the significant costs apart from tuition,
for these rest upon all kinds of shifting and inaccessible condi-
tions, not the least of the difficulties being the wide variations in
individual adaptability and willingness to incur discomfort*
Nevertheless it is at precisely this point that the larger part of
the cost for the boy thrown on his own resources is inevitably
located. Even in the case of the institutions with high tuition
these ^' cost of life ^^ charges are sure to be considerably in excess
of the other items.
Collegiate tuition for a normal amount of work costs per year :
$200 at Amherst, Cornell, Lehigh and Williams; $240 at New
York "University; $250 at Dartmouth, Harvard, Pennsylvania,
Princeton and approximately this amount at Columbia; $300
at Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Yale. Generally
speaking tuition at the smaller New England and similar colleges
averages somewhat less than these figures, but $150 is about the
lowest charge for institutions which would be generally regarded
as belonging to the same academic group and some run above
these figures. In the extreme west, Stanford University has a
tuition charge of $225; in the middle west, the University of
Chicago a charge of $180, and Washington University, St. Louis,
$200 ; in the south, Tulane University a charge of $125 ; in the
District of Columbia, Georgetown University $150, and the
Catholic University of America, $200. These are all examples
of institutions on private foundations and it must be understood
that in many of them there are substantial accessory charges for
library, g3anna8ium, laboratory, athletic and health department
fees which cannot be conveniently summarized, but which aggre-
gate in certain instances considerable sums.
Among the state universities, tuition charges vary very widely.
At the University of Wisconsin, University of Missouri, Uni-
624 SPECIAL COKFEBSNCB ON LEGAL EDUCATION.
versity of Tennessee, University of Ohio, and a few others, tuition
for residents of the state is free, although there are in sundry
instances incidental fees of one kind and another which amount
to something. For non-residents of the state there is in Wiscon-
sin a charge of $50 a semester, at Missouri $10 a term, at Ten-
nessee $40 a term, and at Ohio State $50 a semester. At Michigan
the charge for residents of the state in the Department of Litera-
ture, Science and the Arts is $80, for non-residents $105. In
Indiana the resident pays $50 a year, the non-resident $85. In
the University of Washington the resident pays $45 a year, the
non-resident $150. In the University of Illinois in the Arts
Department students pay an incidental fee of $15 ; University of
Colorado, $15 for residents, $30 for non-residents; North Caro-
lina $20 a quarter; University of Virginia, residents no tuition,
a University fee of $10, non-resident $135 tuition, and $40 Uni-
versity fee.
Summarizing certain of the outstanding features of the situa-
tion then, we may say that for the student who is a citizen in one
of a few states where state universities are conducted with prac-
tically free tuition, the two-year collegiate preparation for law
would involve little more than living expenses for this period.
For students elsewhere the tuition charges will run from a little
less than $50 a year to $300 a year, depending on the institution.
How small are the chances for any given individual to secure
scholarships to meet these charges has already been indicated and
the cost of living has naturally to be added in.
In considering law school fees for the present purpose, if will
be convenient to disregard the amount of collegiate work required
for entrance, although no schools are here mentioned which do
not demand at least two years of such work. But evidently the
total cost to the student who goes to a law school like Harvard,
where he must have completed a full collegiate course before
entrance, will ordinarily involve two additional years of college
fees over and above those required in schools, which like some of
the state university law schools, require but the two years of
college work. An analysis of the economic status of such a group
of students as those in the Harvard Law School might well
throw valuable light' upon our problem, but the writer has had
SPECIAL CONFEBBNOS ON LSGAL SDUGATION. 525
no access to such data and does not know how fully they may
have been collected.
At the University of Pennsylvania the fee is $250 a year; at
Yale, Harvard, Columbia, Catholic University, $200; at Chicago,
$195; at New York University, $180; at Emory, $160; at Cor-
nell, Washington University, St. Louis, University of Cincinnati,
$150 ; Georgetown University, $140 ; University of Virginia, $135
plus $40 incidental fee for both residents and non-residents, at
Tulane, $115; at Michigan, for residents $105, for non-residents
$125 ; at the University of Tennessee $100 ; University of Indiana,
for residents $65 a year, non-residents $100 a year; Ohio State
University, $60; University of Colorado, $60 4or residents, $90
for non-residents; University of Washington, $45 for residents,
$150 for non-residents; University of Wisconsin free to residents,
for non-residents $100 a year; University of California, $75 to
residents, non-resident $200 a year.
Living expenses beyond tuition are estimated by college au-
thorities at figures which vary somewhat, but on the whole show
a disposition to average about three times the cost of tuition,
running above this ratio where the tuitions are less than $100
and running slightly below it where they are $200 or more. As
is well understood by all persons familiar with college conditions,
such estimates are inevitably arbitrary and they probably tend to
be scaled considerably below the median. Taken as a whole, the
variation in tuition charges is probably no greater than the varia-
tion in the actual *' cost of life '^ in tiie several communities in-
volved, so that, measured in dollars and cents, the institutions
with higher tuition charges carry with them for the average
student correspondingly higher general living charges. This is,
of course, in no literal sense true for every student, for in the
great cities where living expenses are generally high a man can,
if he will, live very economically. In no case do these estimates
of necessary expenses nm above $1000 a year; but the average
id undoubtedly well above $500, and many students spend much
more than the higher figure.
Taking law schools as a whole, the scholarships available, which
carry either full tuition or a large part of this tuition, are rela-
tively few in number. At one institution at which there is an
average attendance of about 500, there are at present 13 scholar-
526 SPECIAL CONFEKENCB ON LEGAL EDUCATION.
ships averaging about $240 apiece and the tuition charge is $200.
Some of the scholarships there pay less than tuition. At another
institution where the average attendance is 450, there are at
present some 30 scholarships carrying full tuition and half a
dozen others carrying smaller amounts. For the other schools
from which I have been able to secure information, the number
and value of the scholarships is very much less and quite a num-
ber have no such facilities at all.
It is difficult to compile statistics of an expensive or precise
character in connection with scholarships available for the two
required years of college work postulated in this entire discus-
sion, because theife is nothing to prevent a student from complet-
ing this collegiate work in an institution other than that whose
law school he proposes to attend. Indeed this situation is very
frequently represented. To gather the relevant data for all the
American colleges is possible, but the task is tedious and the
present writer felt no obligation to imdertake it. The institu-
tions which report the largest percentage of scholarships available
to undergraduate students in no case reach one-fourth of the
total student body and in most instances fall far below this. The
money value in terms of full tuition probably in no case exceeds
10 per cent of the entire tuition charges for the student body.
Accordingly while it is true that in some institutions there are
considerable numbers of scholarships available for undergraduate
students, and in three or four law schools an appreciable but much
smaller number, the total of these forms of outright financial
assistance is not very large considered either relatively or
absolutely.
A few institutions have in recent years gone far to develop
loan fund systems. The growth of these funds is in many insti-
tutions going on very rapidly and the system bids fair to do
much to solve the problem of the impecunious student who is
willing to obligate himself in this way, for many of the funds are
so conducted as to bear interest and more than maintain them-
selves. It also goes without saying that every educational insti-
tution nowadays attempts to assist its students to find means for
profitable employment, if they so desire. But the demands of the
better professional schools are now so severe that it is very
difficult for a student to carry the normal work of a full-time law
SPEOIAL CONFERENCE ON LEGAL EDUCATION. 527
school or medical school and still find either time or strength to
earn money. Moreover the local opportunities for work are in
many cases quite limited.
In connection with this entire problem, I think it would be a
fatal mistake to fail to take cognizance of tendencies now rapidly
developing which, if they be successful in reaching their goal,
will result in the reduction by at least two full years of the time
now required for the average student to secure the bachelor^s
degree. Although the practice varies somewhat in different parts
of the country, the standard educational procedure of the present
time may be fairly regarded as involving eight years of grammar
school training, four years of high school or academy, and four
years of college. The distribution of the first 12 years is now
undergoing some change in certain regions, where the junior
high school movement is being developed, but the formulation
offered is substantially correct for a large part of the country.
Careful studies of the situation backed by experimental demon-
stration make it clear that one full year can, with no great diffi-
culty at all, be gained in the grammar school and high school com-
bined, and there is every reason to believe that another year can
be gained between the high school and the college. It must not
be supposed that such shortening of the period of work implies
a cheapening of the quality of the product. Quite the contrary
is, in point of fact, likely to be the case. The savings represent
a reorganization of the curriculum designed to cut out needless
duplication, to eliminate topics which contribute nothing essen-
tial to intellectual discipline or breadth of information, and,
through the utilization of improved methods, to secure better
results in less time. If these improvements be adopted, together
with a practical revision of educational methods such as will
permit students to travel at rates adjusted to their several
capacities, there will certainly be no difficulty at all in the case
of the abler half of the school classes in achieving such savings
of time as I have mentioned. Indeed there is probably no reason
why unusually able boys should not make much more rapid
progress than even this program provides.
There is very considerable inertia to be overcome before this
type of plan can be put in operation and there are appreciable
influences, especially in the private preparatory schools, which
528 SPSCIAL CONFEBBNGB ON LBQAL BDUGATION.
are positively antagonistic, but it seems hardly conceiyable that
in the long run our people will be willing to allow American
youth who are the beneficiaries of the most ambitious program
of public education ever attempted, to fall behind the better
trained students in England and the Continent by two full years
or thereabouts as is now in general the case. In our older com-
munities, and in our more venerable educational institutions,
changes of this kind may be expected to come about somewhat
slowly, for the whole social life of these institutions and par-
ticularly their frequently hypertrophied athletics are set up to
cater to young men of the present average age or older, rather
than to younger boys. So much in this the case, that parents
frequently withdraw precocious boys for a year or two in order
that they may not, as the phrase goes, " enter college too young/'
All the statistical evidence, from the point of view of sheer
intellectual accomplishment, indicates that the younger boys on
the average do distinctly better work than their older mates, so
that except from the point of view of these social and athletic
interests, there could hardly be made out a good case for the
present late entrance upon collegiate and professional work. In
those strata of the community from which come the students now
in the short-time law schools, in those which require only high
school preparation and in those which give their work in the late
afternoon and evening, there will undoubtedly be a warm wel-
come extended to any additional developments which, while
improving the quality of the training given, succeed in cutting
down by one or two years the time consumed in securing it. In
the long run, therefore, it seems highly probable that students
who desire thus to expedite their professional education may
look forward to a curtailment of both the time and expense con-
nected with at least two years of their general training. In the
measure in which this may prove to be the case, the question of
scholarships and financial aids will naturally assume a somewhat
smaller importance. At present, however, it must be admitted
that this movement at once to improve and abbreviate the pre-
professional training has not proceeded so far as essentially to
affect the general situation throughout the country.
In conclusion it should be repeated that all college and uni-
versities are earnestly striving to make it possible for the man
SPBOIAL OONFSRBNGS ON LEGAL EDUCATION. 629
of fine character and substantial ability to secure collegiate
training no matter what his economic circumstances. But it
would be fatuous to assume that tbey have as yet at all fully
succeeded in solving this problem. At the moment they are
certainly not in a position to assure material assistance either in
the form of loans, scholarships or even opportunities to earn
money, to any largely increased number of students. The strong,
earnest student can always pull through, but the task is often far
from easy.
The subject was then discussed by Harlan P. Stone, of New
York; William B. Hale, of Illinois; Julius Henry Cohen, of New
York; Hampton L. Carson, of Pennsylvania; John Lowell, of
Massachusetts; Thomas J. O'Donnell, of Colorado; John Bell
Keeble, of Tennessee; I. Maurice Wormser, of New York;
Thomas Dawson, of Maryland; J. Nelson Prierson, of South
Carolina ; Rowland Taylor, of Idaho ; John B. Sanborn, of Wis-
consin; W. A. Hayes, of Wisconsin; and J, Zach Spearing, of
Louisiana.
At the evening session of February 23, 1922, the meeting was
called to order by Hampton L. Carson, of Pennsylvania, who
introduced the speaker of the evening, Dr. William H. Welch,
Director of the Department of Hygiene and Public Health of
The Johns Hopkins University.
Dr. William H. Welch, of Maryland :
Mr, Chairman and members of the Conference: I have assumed
that the only occasion for my presence here tonight is to play the
part of a consultant, on the assumption that you believe there
are sufficient analogies between the problems of medical education
and of legal education to raise at least a presumption that the
experience of the medical profession in bringing about a very
marked and very rapid improvement in medical education may
have some helpful suggestions, if not realljr furnish an example
to you in the solution of the problems which you face in legal
education. And this belief I find not only expressed by you
tonight, Mr. Chairman, but repeatedly implied and expressed in
the writings in law journals and elsewhere on this general sub-
ject of improvement of education in the law.
530 SPECIAL GONFERENCB OK LEGAL EDUCATIOK.
Now I must leave it to you to see the bearing, if any, between
what has been brought about in the way of improvement in
medical education and the qualifications required to practice
medicine and the advance in the standards of legal education and
admission to the Bar. While the contents of the two subjects of
law and medicine are very different and the methods of training
for the prtictice of each are equally diverse, the two professions
have certain fundamental subjects in common which bear upon
the questions just raised.
Law and medicine are two of the three traditional learned pro-
fessions with existing and continuous traditions and history from
antiquity to the present day, each having an important relation
to the foundation of universities in the middle ages. Each pro-
fession stands in such a relation of responsibility and of service
to the community that the public recognizes, however inade-
quately, that the proper fulfillment of these functions requires
some principles of conduct and the possession of specialized, often
highly technical knowledge, and as a rule endeavors, however
imperfectly, by legislative enactment or judicial procedure to se-
cure corresponding qualifications for professional practice. Leav-
ing aside for a moment the contention to which I shall have
occasion to refer later, that there is a political aspect to the
government and administration of law and justice which affects
fundamentally the consideration of problems of medical educa-
tion, it would appear that in spite of all diversities of subject-
matter, of methods, of functions and of aim, there remains enough
in common between the two professions in their historical back-
ground, in their cherished traditions of character and learning,
in their foundation of learned professions upon adequate stand-
ards of education, both local, general and special, in their organi-
zation and in the vital interest to the community in safeguarding
entrance to the profession by the establishment and enforcement
of proper standards of qualifications for practice, to justify the
expectation, confirmed indeed by experience, that each may find
helpful suggestions in the methods, accomplishments and experi-
ences of the other in their efforts to attain their respective aim
in the field of education and of admission to practice.
It would lead altogether too far afield to attempt even a brief
survey of the historical development of medical education in thia
SPECIAL OONFBRENOB ON LBOAL XDUOATION. 531
country; but there are certain points in this deyelopment whieh
it is necessary for our purposes to touch upon. The first of these
is the extraordinary fact that the apprenticeship system — which
in colonial days was the only available method of medical train-
ing in this country^ untU the establishment of the medical depart-
ment of the college of Philadelphia, now the University of Penn-
sylvania, in 1765, and that of Kings College, now Columbia Uni-
versity, three years later — ^has lingered on in legal training up to
the present day, although with diminishing emphasis, in the form
of the clerkship or pupilship in an attorney's office as a substitute
for, or required supplement of, a systematic study in a law schooL
With the provision of an over-abundance of medical schools
after the first third of the last century, no one entertained tber
idea that an adequate undergraduate medical education could be
obtained outside of a medical schooL The reason for this differ-
ence between law and medicine is, of course, due not to the lack
of law students, of which there is a superfluity, but to the
absence in a law school of opportunity for practical training
comparable to that furnished the medical students by labora-
tories, dispensaries and hospitals.
The greatest of the recent improvements in medical educa-
tion has been in the increase and better utilization of the oppor-
tunities for clinical training.
Law and medicine have suffered almost equally in this country
from the severance of their schools from intimate integral con-
nection with universities, their historic hope; but this defect
has now been remedied almost, though not quite completely, so
far as medical schools are concerned.
Most of the medical schools, and all of the better ones, are
departments of universities coordinate with the other faculties
and completely imder university control. This has been an
incalculable gain both for medicine and for the universities, and
I doubt not would be as great for law, if it could be secured in
equal measure.
The great achievements in the last two decades in the improve-
ment of medical education have been the extinction of most of
the independent proprietary medical schools conducted for gain,
which were the great evil of American medicine, and brought our
medical schools to the low estate to which they sank during most
532 SPBCflAL CONFBRBNCB ON LBGAL EDUCATION.
of the 19th oentary and at the same time an equally remarkable
advancement in the educational standards and facilities of most
of the remaining schools.
The result has been fewer schools^ more numerous and better
opportunities for obtaining a good medical education, a great
reduction in the total number of students of medicine, followed
in the last three years by a decided upward trend and a marked
preference of these students for the better schools. How great
and how rapid these changes have been may be illustrated by the
following startling figures taken from reports of the Council on
Medical Education of the American Medical Association.
In 1904, when the council began its work, the United States
had 162 medical schools, or oyer half the world's supply, with
28,142 students, and witix only 8 per cent requiring any college
work for admission.
In 1921 there were 83 medical schools (as contrasted with
162) with 14,872 students and with 92.8 per cent requiring two
years of college work for admission.
During the same last 15 years the proportion of medical
students in well or fairly equipped medical colleges has in-
creased from 8.9 per cent to 96.1 per cent.
It is interesting to contrast with these figures those for law
schools. In Mr. Heed's valuable studies for Carnegie Founda-
tion, we find that in 1900 there were 102 law schools, with
12,516 students and in 1921, 147 law schools with presumably
not far from double the number of students, if one may judge
from the average iucrease up to 1917, the last year for which I
find a statement. Of these law schools, over one-half are part-
time schools and 89 require no college work whatever for
admission. It is evident that the development of law schools
during this period has been the reverse of that of medical schools
as regards the increase in nionber both of schools and of
students, and that the requirements for admission are much
lower for the majority of law schools.
How to secure a better distribution of physicians is an im-
portant subject, but this is not the occasion for its consideration.
It may be said, however, that there is general agreement that
the reduction in the number of medical schools has gone as far
as is desirable. I judge that the time is remote^ if it ever
8PBCIAL COKFEBSNCB ON LBGAL EDUCATION. 533
arrives, when it will be necessary to provide against shortage of
either law schools or of lawyers^ whatever may be the%eed of
better onQS. It is not surprising that such remarkable changes^
which are certainly in the direction of reform^ as have been
brought about in so short a period of time in medical education^
should have arrested attention even outside of the medical pro-
fession. Your interest in this matter relates mainly to the
influences and agencies through which these great improvements
have been effected. Insofar as these may have a bearing upon
the legal education I may say at once that by far the greatest
single agency in effecting the elimination of inferior medical
schools and in elevating the general standard of medical educa-
tion in the United States has been the Council on Medical Edu-
cation of the American Medical Association.
The American Medical Association was founded in 1847^ with
the express purpose of bringing about an improvement in the
education of medical students. It never lost sight of this purpose;
but not until a reorganization of the Association, which took plaice
before the beginning of this century, were the efforts of the
American Association which were directed to this need accom-
panied with any decided degree of success. The Association at all
of its meetings passed resolutions, made recommendations, created
committees, and had sections on education ; but it exerted prac-
tically no influence upon an elevation of the standards of educa-
tion. Now this reorganization of the American Medical Associa-
tion, which began in 1898, and which has been described and set
forth pretty adequately in several legal articles that I have seen,
and quite concisely but very accurately by Mr. Beed in his valu-
able report to the Carnegie Foundation, had this important result,
that the American Medical Association was so reorganized that
practically the whole body of the profession became members of
the Association, the unit being the county medical society, leading
up to the state medical society, and membership in the state
medical society is ipso facto membership in the American Medical
Association. It is therefore in every sense of the word the repre-
sentative of the entire profession ; and it is important to bear in
mind that these great reforms of medical education have origi-
nated in the body of the profession, among the practitioners of
medicine, not as a result of pressure from the outside by the gen-
534 SPECIAL CONFERENCE ON LEGAL EDUCATION.
eral puUic^ and not from a stimulus derived from our medical
schools.
I shall not comment upon the differences in the organization
of your American Bar Association, the National Association, and
the state and local bar associations, save to remark that they
hardly can be said to represent the entire body of the legal profes-
sion in quite the same way, with the same steps socially, as does
the American Association represent the body of the medical pro-
fession.
Soon after this reorganization a council on medical education
was created, and it is the work of the council which has been so
significant in bringing about the improvement to which I call
attention. It is hardly necessary to describe in detail the organi-
zation of the council. It will suffice, I think, to point out certain
of the salient features. It is an organization with executive
officers who are paid, and some of whom give their entire time to
the work. Its first activity was in securing active cooperation
with two very important bodies, namely, the Association of Ameri-
can Medical Colleges and the state licensing boards. It was ob-
viously a primary essential to secure the cooperation of the medical
schools on the one hand and of the examining and licensing
bodies on the other.
Now a feature of the work has been, not through any legal
action, but solely by moral pressure, to induce the state licensing
and examining boards to raise their standards for admission to
the practice of medicine to a point more nearly in conformity
with the demands of modern medical education and medical prac-
tice than those which existed previously. That, as I have inti-
mated, is the crucial matter, of course, to secure the establishment
of these standards. That has been brought about, so far as
medicine is concerned, over a very large part of this country.
Medical schools are necessarily forced to the wall and out of
existence if their graduates are not eligible for admission to
the examination of these licensing boards. At present 33 of the
licensing boards of the various states of the union require that
the candidate shall have graduated from a medical school which
requires at least two years of college work preliminary to entrance
upon the medical studies. This, you see, automatically secures
that very important improvement.
SPECIAL CONFERENCE ON LEGAL EDUCATION. 635
A very important feature of the work has been publicity and
classification of the medical schools. This publicity has been
based upon actual study, observation and inspection of the
different schools. Standards which are easily applied, and which
I have every confidence are justly applied for the classification
of the medical schools, are based upon their facilities for training
medical students, upon the number of full sized teachers in the
faculty, and the clinical and laboratory facilities, and to some
extent also upon experience with the graduates, and to what extent
they are able to pass the examining boards. In this way medical
schools, if unable to^ meet these requirements, have been forced
to the wall and practically out of existence.
Very soon after the work of the Council on Medical Education
was initiated there appeared one of the most epochal reports in
all educational literature, that of Mr. Abraham Plexner to the
Carnegie Foundation on the conditions of medical education in
this country. That report had a very great influence not only
inside of the medical profession, but possibly to an even larger
extent on the general public, and particularly in college and
university circles. It is one of the most important, influential,
persuasive documents in this story of the improvement of medical
education in this country. Universities that knew little about
the character of the medical schools with which their names were
connected were aroused to a situation which demanded their
attention and secured their attention to a very large extent.
It is therefore by this publicity and this system of classification
of medical schools, and through the influence of the Flezner
report, that, more than in any other way, these very important
reforms in medical education have been secured. I have brought
with me samples of the reports and documents which show how
the Council on Medical Education proceeds. Thus one which I
hold in my hand, for example, is an extremely important one,
widely distributed. It is entitled "The Choice of a Medical
School.'^ That goes to students in our colleges. It contains the
essential information to enable a student to determine whether
or not a school which he may contemplate entering meets the
requirements, whether it ifl in Class A or Class B or Class C.
The table will show whether graduation from that school entitles
the graduate to be eligible for examination by the state licensing
536 SPECIAL CONFEBBNCB ON LEGAL EDUCATION.
board in New York, in Pennsylvania, in Maryland or in Illinois.
All that information is contained in this pamphlet.
This is published by the American Medical Association, the
council being entirely supported from the funds of the American
Medical Association. And as you can imagine, such publications
as this illustrate why it is that now the great majority of medical
students are seeking to enter the better medical schools. The
information formerly not procurable or diflBcult to get is in this
handy shape and contains all of the essential facts.
These annual reports of the Council on Medical Education are
very important examples of the sort of work which this admirable
council has done. These annual conferences, such as you are
initiating here today and tomorrow, conferences of the Council
on Medical Education, bring together the representatives of
various medical schools, the Federated Board of the State
Licensing Board, invited delegates, representatives of the uni-
versities and colleges. Thcipe conferences have become very
significant and very important. Valuable discussions take place
and an interchange of opinion is had, and while, as I have already
stated, the conclusions reached have no legal force or effect, they
exert an influence upon opinion, and upon the activities of these
institutions, which is simply of incalculable value.
There have been certain criticisms and objections raised which
I may perhaps for a moment touch upon. I should like to say
just one word about the contention of Mr. Reed in that very
helpful and important report of an essential and fundamental
difference between the medical profession and the legal pro-
fession in the fact that the lawyer has political and public func-
tions, or is likely to have, and that it would be most undemo-
cratic and most xmdesirable to fix standards for entrance into
the profession of the law such that all economic classes should
not be represented.
I would simply remark that it seems to me as if the perform-
ance of these functions, additional, as I conceive it, to those of
his relations to his client, functions which he describes as public
and political in relation to the government, the administration,
the development and the administration of justice and of law,
would require better education, would be an argument for better
education rather than for a lowering of the standards. Nor am
6PB0IAL OONFBRBNCB ON LBQAL BDUCATION. 637
I quite willing to concede that the difference is so great between
the two professions in this regard. The preservation of health
is of extreme importance to the community. It requires the
actiyities of administrators who are govemmental appointees.
It stands then in a public relationship which, while of course not
exactly comparable to that of a lawyer, is still a public function.
And we consider that these activities of the physician require
conditionally a specialized training, preventive medicine as con-
trasted with curative medicine, requires training in addition to
that which is furnished to the practitioner of medicine.
We are very, veiy familiar in discussions of this matter in
medicine with the cry that we are closing the door of opportunity
to the poor boy, or the cry that there have been great doctors who
never had anything comparable to this elaborate education.
They say, " These men never went to college, and we can point
to them as shining examples whom we honor.'' Now a selec-
tion of some sort is implied when you make demands such as are
embodied in the recommendations of the Bar Association requir-
ing that the candidate for admisison to the Bar shall have been
graduated from a legal school requiring two years of college
work preliminary to entrance upon legal studies, just as is done
in medicine. But the selection is really not on the ground of
the pocketbook, it is rather on the ground of mental capacity of
certain general character. It is not so easy to pass dong the
path if there are obstacles in the way. But is it to be sup-
posed that a man like Abraham Lincoln in your profession, or
Ephraim McDowell or Nathan Smith in ours, would not have
overcome handicaps and obstacles, and in overcoming them that
they would not have become even more alert, even more resource-
ful, and have derived distinct advantage from the very fact that
they had to overcome certain obstacles? The requirement of
two years of college work has not eliminated the poor boy who
has to work his way through college and through the medical
school. I thought I would inquire about that very question this
morning from our dean. He tells me that over one-half of the
students in The Johns Hopkins Medical School — and we require
a completed liberal education, a college degree — over one-half
were working their way through in part or in whole or have
borrowed money to accomplish their education. Money can be
538 SPECIAL CONFERENClK OJ* LEGAL EDUCATION.
secured very often because of the very fact that the young man
possessed (and now-a-days young women, too, in medicine) cer-
tain qualities which make a public-spirited man glad to lend
aid, making him willing to make the investment in that young
man, and he expects a return from it. It does not result in the
elimination of the poor boy when you require a better standard
of preliminary education'. But it is to be desired that in all
classes there should be some method by which we are able to
lessen at least, if not to exclude, those who are unfitted for the
study of the law or medicine. They have not the mental
capacity, they have not the industry, the energy, the character,
the intelligence. If you are familiar with the discussions as to
the situation in our colleges and universities today, you will know
that that is just one of the points, how is it possible to make the
selection based upon securing those who are really fitted for a
higher education. I think that one of the methods is not so
much a selection on an economic basis, but this is more likely
to secure those with a desire, with the ability and strength of
character and persistence of effort and industry than otherwise
would be possible. So I think the selection is along the lines of
the community, resourcefulness, and ability and enthusiasm of
the young men. Anyhow, we encounter precisely the same criti-
cism which I see is urged against these higher standards in the
law. As regards the requirement of two years of college work,
it is of course a pity that we have to either truncate the college
course or telescope it into the professional education. There
seems to be no other way.
. As I have said, at Johns Hopkins we do make it straight on
to the college, and curiously enough, the average age of gradua-
tion of our students is not far from the average age of gradua-
tion of students througliout the whole country.
Still, I do not urge that as a national standard, although it is
to be hoped that if two years* college work are required there
will be a considerable number who will go on to the completion
of the college course.
But our colleges have developed as enormous institutions, as
you know, and without regard to the needs of the professional
education, except possibly that of theology in the past, and the
efforts now to adjust the requirements of training in the pro-
SPECIAL CONFERENCE ON LEGAL EDUCATION. 639
fession to conditions in our colleges, these efforts encounter very
great obstacles. I do not consider that this solution is the final
one^ this truncating the college course^ dividing it in two; but it
seems to me that for the present it is the most that can be
attained and is to be regarded as our national American standard.
It is so for medicine, and I doubt not that it will eventually be
80 for law.
So it seems to me that in many ways your problems for legal
education are easier than ours. In that respect I may be mis-
taken. But you have not in the first instance to encounter the
difficulties which we have in consequence of the existence of so
many different sects and nondescript practitioners of all sorts of
dogmas and doctrines in medicine.
I need hardly say that I am speaking in behalf of scientific,
non-sectarian medicine, belonging to no school whatever, any
more than chemistry does, or physics, in which the guiding prin-
ciples are the advancement of knowledge through the well-known
scientific methods of obeervation and experiment, tested by ex-
perience, hoping that eventually we shall be able to base more and
more of medical practice upon ascertained scientific discoveries
as we are able to do in increasing measure every day, not com-
mitted to any dogma or doctrine which is regarded as a universal
explanation of all diseases, and affords a guiding principle of all
means of treatment, at the same time enabling the doctor to prac-
tice anything whatever that he considers to be of possible value
in the relief of human suffering and the treatment of disease.
Now you have not to contend with all of these sects in law.
The principle is of course only that we desire for the benefit of
the community that there shall be adequate educational profes-
sional training for those who are called upon to administer to the
sick and injured, that is all, without any reference to systems of
practice — that is for the benefit of the community. And, again,
you have not, I think, to consider to the extent that we have
the credulity of the public in all of these matters. It has always
been so. Doctors are very much too sensitive about these matters.
Anything new, these various sects in medicine, have always arisen.
They always have something in them. As Dr. Osier once told me,
"The worst thing I know about the quacks is that they cure
people.*' You have not in the same way, I think, to contend with
540 SPECIAL CONFERSN'CE ON LEGAL EDUCATION.
all of these sects and fads and so on that we meet with in medicine.
So I think ii^ those respects^ at least, you have a very decided
advantage.
On the other hand^ it is barely possible that the public is
more interested that there should be a higher technical training,
more certainty of the possession of adequate skill, on the part of
the physician, than as to the technical attainments of the lawyer.
I am not prepared to say that may not be the case. But, however
it may be, we are both involved upon the same undertaking, to
elevate for the benefit of the public, and not for the benefit of
our respective professions, the standards of education, the quali-
ncations for admission to the Bar and to the practice of medicine.
Our motives are entirely — I think I am justified in saying —
altruistic. I am sure we have nothing more in mind than what
is best for the good of the public.
Now, if in what I have said as to the experience in bringing
about these great reforms in medical education and in the license
to practice you find any hints, any suggestions, which may aid
you in your efforts to secure similar results in legal education and
admission to the Bar, I shall feel very proud and very abundantly
justified in coming here and having this opportunity, which I
appreciate most highly, of addressing you ; and I beg in closing
to reciprocate the very kind remarks that have been made as to
the intellectual and sympathetic relations between our two pro-
fessions and the hope I may venture in behalf of all my colleagues
in the medical prof ession, some of whom I see here in this room,
to bring to you, the legal profession, our most cordial greetings
and to wish you the greatest success in the undertaking which
you are facing by this conference tonight.
At the morning session, February 24, 1922, William Q.
McAdoo, of New York, presided, and said :
A Conference of delegates representing the American, state
and local bar associations of the country to consider the very
vital question of admissions to the Bar, is a significant and
dramatic event in the history of the profession. You have
assembled for the specific purpose of discussing the recommenda-
tions of the American Bar Association that, as a condition of
admission to the Bar, the applicant shall have had two years of
study in a college, and a course of three years' duration in a
SPECIAL CONFERENCE ON LEGAL EDUCATION. 641
full-time law school, or its equivalent in a longer course in a
part-time law school.
One naturally approaches such a question from a point of view
influenced in great measure by the course and experience of his
own life. For example, a lawyer who has been constantly and
exclusively absorbed in the active pursuit of his private prac-
tice will instinctively view the question from the standpoint of
the good of the profession alone. But the lawyer whose career
has taken him away at times from active practice and immersed
him in great enterprises or involved him in large responsibilities
of public life, is inclined to view the problem not alone from the
standpoint of the profession, but also in its wider aspects — its
relation to the public good as well as its effects upon the profes-
sion itself.
Then, again, the lawyer who has had the good fortune of a
college education and of a thorough course in a law school will
naturally regard the more exacting requirements in the way of a
collegiate and legal education as essential to the welfare of the
profession and to the public good, whereas that great body of
lawyers who have had to make their own way in the world, who
have never been able to go to college and who have secured a
legal education through hard work and struggle in the old-
fashioned way — ^in somebody's law office — with the unsystematic
training and the less efficient legal education which necessarily
comes from an unthorough school of that character, but who, by
their ability and industry, have gained a deservedly high place
at the Bar, may naturally hesitate to approve the exacting
standard which the American Bar Association seeks to impose.
Unfortunately for myself, I was unable to go to a law school.
At the age of 18 I had to leave college and face the world. My
only opportunity to gain a legal education was through night
studies under the tutelage of the late Honorable William Henry
DeWitt, of the Chattanooga Bar. And may I digress for a
moment to pay a tribute to this noble man and lawyer, jurist
and gentleman, scholar and patriot, whose generous friendship
and constant helpfulness toward every young and struggling
lawyer endeared him, not alone to them, but to the community
in which he lived, and gained for him the unqualified esteem and
admiration of his professional brethren. Painstaking, unselfish
642 SPECIAI, CONFERENCE ON LEGAL EDUCATION.
and thorough as this splendid friend and preceptor was, neyer-
theless it was impossible for his pupil to receive the systematic^
orderly and logical education that a properly conducted law
school provides. And so, in my own case, I approach the subject
from the standpoint of one who knows by contrast rather than
by experience the value of the law school education; but that
very fact gives me a keener realization of the importance of the
educational standard now proposed.
The responsibilities of the lawyer are so grave and the func-
tion he performs is so vital that the value of the highest moral
and ethical standards cannot be exaggerated. And those same
responsibilties make it imperative that his professional educa-
tion shall be so thorough that he will be equipped in the highest
degree to discharge those responsibilities when he comes to the
Bar.
But it is not alone as a member of the Bar that a lawyer is an
important citizen and owes great responsibilities to the com-
munity. He is a vital and necessary factor in the success of
every extensive business enterprise. He exerts a large influence
on public opinion and in the main is entrusted with political
leadership in the community, the state and the nation.
It is his function not to create strife, but through the pro-
cesses of the law or through counsel and conciliation, to compose
and eliminate it. It is his function not to impede the processes
of business, but through clarity of advice and counsel, to facili-
tate them. Here is this multitude of men, entrusted by the
state with the special prerogative of giving counsel and repre-
senting in litigation the public at large, and who exercise a great
influence over the economic, social and political life of the
country.
The American Bar Association's proposal is to create condi-
tions of such a character that in the course of time every member
of the profession shall have had at least two years in a university
or college, which are, after all, one of the bulwarks of democracy
and progress, and shall have devoted himself intensively, at least
three years, to the study of his profession. Can there be any
reasonable doubt that the success of such proposals will result
in the material and moral betterment of the legal profession and
of the nation as a whole ?
8PB0IAL OOKPHRBNOB ON LBGAL BDUOATION. 643
I have in mind^ of coune, what has been said about the
necessity of keeping the profession open to all classes of our
citizens and to all ranks of society; but having in view the
facilities for education presented by the colleges and the uni-
versities of the country and the opportunities offered to in-
dustrious and ambitious men to work their way through college^
there can be no doubt that the privileges of the Bar would con-
tinue to be open to men from every walk of life, r^ardless of
their financial means.
You cannot, of course, under any restricted conditions, have
a situation where admission to the Bar is open to every man.
The impositioii of any requirements at all necessarily means
restriction and limitation.
The essential thing is not that every follower of the plough,
every worker in the machine shop, every man at the forge, shall
have an opportunity to enter the legal profession, but rather that
the way shall be open from the plough, from the work shop, and
from the forge to the profession of the law, so that men in those
callings and similar callings, and their sons, may reach the goal
if they have the capacity, the ambition and the willingness to
make the sacrifices which proper preparation reasonably requires.
We will proceed with the order of the day, the general subject
for discussion being the general character of a legal education
which shotJd be given to tiiose coming to the practice of the law.
This subject is divided into four topics, the technical education
necessary to enable the lawyer to serve the public is the first part
of it. This topic will be introduced by James Byrne, President
of the Bar Association of the Oity of New York.
James Byrne, of New York:
The gentlemen who have preceded me have not only each
taken something for himself, but they have left nothing for
those that were to follow. Not merely have they left nothing
for me, but they took what I had. I had the argument, in the
very words in which it was uttered, that if the Bar was not to
have a college education, then, we were to reverse the whole sys-
tem of American education so far as lawyers were concerned. The
very words that we were a governing class, those were mine, and
all the inferences that were to follow from it. After yesterday's
18
544 SPBOIAL OONFBBBNCB OK IiBQAL BDUOATION.
proceedings all that was left me last night was to point out the
argument that because we were a public profession, it could not
be logically said that we should have a less education than if
we were a private profession ; but Dr. Welch, not even a lawyer,
took those words from my mouth.
And so I have been in doubt just how I should act, just how I
should deal with this question. Should I say that all of these
ar^ments were great discoveries, which in modem times particu-
larly we know are simultaneously made by investigators in
various portions of the world; these rare fruits, did they flash
upon minds in New York and Baltimore and Denver and Si
Louis at the same moment; or should I say they were like the
words of an old song that it does no harm to sing a good song
twice, especially if you are to join in the chorus. I finally de-
cided that the fact that we are all repeating ourselves, saying the
same things over and over again, shows that those things are true.
And if we are to give the lawyer less education, require less of
him than of the doctor, and of the American business man who
goes to the business school, than of the engineer, than of the indi-
vidual in the other professions, if we are to say that the lawyer
should receive less education than these others, we are proceeding
in that direction contrary to the whole theory upon which this
country has proceeded as to the value of education from the very
beginning. It is also true, true beyond a question, that if we are
a governing class, if we are the men by whom the laws are to be
made, or at any rate by whom they are to be enforced, that
responsibility devolves upon us more than upon any other pro-
fession in the country; and it is equally true that in order to ful-
fill those terrible responsibilities we ought to have the highest
education.
Now I think at the very outset we ought to dispose of one
thing. There has been a very able investigation that has go^e
on for years. The result of the investigation will be of permanent
value to us. I refer to the investigation made by the Carnegie
Foundation. The title of the investigation is the training for the
public profession of the law.
We have all got into the habit of saying that a lawyer differs
from other people in that his profession is a public one and not
a private one. Now suppose that one of us went to a physician
SPECIAL CONFBRBKOB ON LBOAL BDUOATION. 545
and said ^* Look here^ this is a serioxis matter, I think. Are you
as well educated as the most favored men in your profession ? ''
The doctor replies '* Yes, I went to college, I studied four years in
a medical college, and then I went to different hospitals/' Then
we say *'Well, on the whole, then, you represent the results of
the best education that can be given for your profession?''
'* Yes."
Very well. Then the patient becomes a client and goes to the
lawyer on an important case, and he, in turn, asks the lawyer
'' have you as good an education as any of the other men in your
profession ? " The lawyer says *' That is an extraordinary inquiry
to make of me. No, I didn't go to college, I simply went one year
to a law school." Then the client says *' But the doctor says he
got the best possible education in medicine, he went to college and
then afterwards four years in medical school." The lawyer con-
tinues " Oh, well, that is all very well for him, but do you know
any doctors who are in Congress compared to the lawyers who
are there ? Can you name a doctor who ever became President of
the United States for every dozen lawyers I can tell you who
became President of the United States? It is all very well to
educate your doctor, who belongs to a private profession, but
for my profession you don't have to. You don't think of electing
a doctor to Congress. I am the man you are going to send to
Congress. It is all very well to give him a college course and
then a medical course, but in the interest of democratic institu-
tions, you have no right to ask me to take a college course and
then a law course."
Now, what do you think any client would think of the lawyer
who answered him that way. Of course he would think he was
a lunatic. Of course, when the client asks the lawyer that ques-
tion, if he had not had the college education and the training for
his profession that the doctor had had in his profession, he would
say that it was the subject of the deepest regret to him that he
had not, and he would say that he had tried in every possible way
to continue his education, such as he had had, and would con-
tinue it until the end of his life, when perhaps it would be very
nearly the same, or as much as the education of the man who had
had every advantage of college course in his youth. There it
seems to me we really come to the point of it all.
546 SPSOIAL CONFBBBNOB ON LBGAL BDUCATION.
I do not believe there is a man, there is certainly no man in
the City of !N'ew York, who ia not proud of the position that men
in the profession occupy there who have not had the same pre-
liminary education as the great bulk of young men coming to
New York to enter the practice of the law have today. Why,
it does not make any difference what you do with men of the
character, the moral qualities, the persistence, the determination
to learn all that is necessary to enable them to serve their clients
in the community to the very best of the abilities with which they
were bom. Of course, we do not have to consider those men,
they got all the education it was possible for them to get in their
time. If men put obstacles in the way of such men, if they say
you cannot become a doctor or a lawyer unless you go through
this form or that form, they go through it. So whenever we can
say every man will do this or no man can do this, of course we are
meeting exceptions in extraordinary men. What we have to think
of in the way of educational requirements is what shall be the
requirements when it comes to good average men, the sort of
man who, if he begins with studies which develop a love of learn-
ing and interest in philanthropic thoughts, something besides the
ordinary things he needs to make his daily living, will have
the desire to go on with his education and learn more and more.
If he has learned habits of application in the formative years, if
he sees men of great intellect close at hand whom he has learned
to admire, there is a natural tendency on his part as he grows
older to have in his mind the hope that he will occupy in the minds
of others in the profession the position that those men of learn-
ing have had in his own mind. That is what happens to the
ordinary man. The thing is to think what the ordinary man —
not the man with the burning ambition, not the man with the
strong moral sense of his obligation, but the man who is a good
fellow, is a good citizen, and has a good brain, what are we going
to do to get the very best out of him for himself and for his
country. That is the problem before us when we are talking of
the education of lawyers.
Now, then, again, we come back to the truism that if we ask
that lawyers should be taught any other way than people in other
professions are taught in this country, we are flinging away in
SPBOIAL OOMFBBBNOB ON LBGAL XDUOATION. 647
the case of lawyers all the experience we have acquired with the
rest of mankind in this country.
One point that has been constantly in my mind for the last
40 years is not how unfair it was to someone not to let him
become a lawyer in some easy way, but how terribly unfair it was
to him to permit him to become a lawyer in some easy way.
Why should we let a man who may have a really remarkable
intelligence enter into a profession with a feeling of inferiority,
thinking from the ouiset that there is no use of hi% trying to deal
with great constitutional questions, that the police court is the
place for him to go to practice. Why should we allow men who
may be quite as competent as the great majority of the men in
our cities or land who are dealing with important problems of
the law, why should we allow such men simply because they do not
have a chance, because we did not force them into taking a chance
of getting an education and seeing what could be developed from
it, why should we be so unfair to those men as to allow ihem to
become lawyers without the proper preliminary education?
I have seen it in my office there, as in most of the larger
offices in New York, for 30 or 40 or 60 years, at any rate, that
men have been taken from practically a very limited number of
law schools. Whether the members of those firms are right or
wrong, they thought it made it easier for them to have as their
young assistants the men who came from a very small number
of law schools. Men grow up in their offices. You may be
sure today that there is not one such office where, if an office boy
shows he has very unusual abilities and industry and character,
they would not see that the boy learns all about the opportunities
for an education, for a scholarship, and the ease with which men
can go through the greatest universities after having been pro-
vided with a very little money. I say there is not such an office
that would not insist on that boy getting as good an education as
the most educated man in that firm had for himself. If the boy,
however, has abilities which they see might very well be as good
as the abilities of most men at the Bar, and nothing further, I
doubt whether they would take any very great interest in him.
They would hear that he was going to school and. studying law
somewhere, and they would tell their friends about him, and
they would help him to become a lawyer that way, but he would
548 SPEOIAL OONFBBBNOB ON LBGAL SDUOATION.
not be taken into that office. He would go into an entirely
different branch of the law. They would follow him with in-
terest^ and they might send him cases and all that, but that boy
would be debarred from the larger character of business that is
conducted in those offices. And the reason is that we want men
who from the beginning know how to deal with things that
are being done on a large scale.
Then you hear today these men from the great law schools talk-
ing about other subjects, the future of the profession, the im-
provement of the law. I do not believe there is a large office but
will expect the young men who come into it to do some public
work. They will not let them work as we have worked for the
last 40 years. They say you have a public service to perform.
Dean Pound said in his great address at the Centennial of the
Law School, we have got to see in the case of these conunissions,
for instance, that a yoke is put on their neck, as Coke and the
other lawyers in the days of the Stuarts put a yoke upon the
bodies who tended to give an oriental judgnfent instead of one
according to the common law.
Then we have to be constantly looking for the future of the
law as to what way it is going, and under the leadership of the
heads of the law schools, as well as the leadership of the heads
of Bar associations and of the profession, these young men,
before they have lost the habits of study which they gained in tlie
law school, will be the tools with which this great work of im-
proving the law will be carried on.
Chairman McAdoo:
Mr. Byrne will now be followed by Charles A. Boston, of New
York.
Charles A. Boston, of New York :
When I thought of what I was going to «ay it seemed to me
that it should emphasize two aspects of the specific topic which
was assigned to Mr. Byrne — the interest of the public in technical
education. That indicated a discussion of a technical education,
and of a public interest. And then I was invited, as you all were,
to read this report of the Carnegie Foundation, and a number of
other books, before we arrived at a conclusion, and I confess that
I am a little surprised that we have not heard more about this
SPBCIAL OONFBREKOS ON LBGAL BDUOATION. 549
report. It seenus to me that the first duty of the Bar to the public
with respect to technical education is to educate the Carnegie
Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.
I read tiie annual report of the head of that institution^ his
report to the board of trustees, in which he transmitted thiB
report to the institution, and it contained data with respect to
the medical profession as well as data with respect to the pro-
fession of the law. I confess that I was impressed with what
struck me individually as an inconsistency between the attitude
of that institution toward the profession of medicine and its
attitude toward the profession of the law. I think that this differ-
ence was based upon the conclusion, which is stated as a con-
clusion of the compiler of this report, who confesses that he is a
layman and does not look upon this professional question from a
professional standpoint. It seems to me that therein the compiler
has bee]> led into a most imf ortunate conclusion, but fortunately
he states that some of his deductionfi are mere guess work. My
own impression was that more than he confessed was mere guess
work.
Now, one thing that struck me about his report is the fact that
as you read through the headlines — ^and let me say that it is a
magnificent contribution to information respecting education of
the profession, it lays the foundation for some very enlightening
conclusions, but in my judgment those conclusions are not ap-
pended to the report. In reading the headlines before I got to
the conclusion I found one chapter or part of a chapter headed
"Failure of the differentiation of the Bar'^ and 'the next part
was " Failure of the unitary Bar,'' so that the writer himself
has concluded apparently that there has been already in the
experience of the United States a failure of a differentiated Bar,
and he thinks a failure of a unitary Bar ; and yet, as I read his
cohclusion, he advocates a differentiated Bar, by a differentiation
not of function but. a differentiation of education. Though in
answer to one of the critics he has said that he has been mis-
understood, I think if you will all carefully read that conclusion
you will share with me the view that he misunderstands.
Now, as I take it, he advocates a differentiation of the Bar not
through differentiation of function, but through differentiation
of education, and then he thinks that the function will graduate
550 SPEOIAL OONFBBBNOB ON LBGAL SDUOATION.
according to the education. But what does he do in the interest
of democracy? — and democracy^ as I understand^ lies at the
foundation of his conclusion. He advocates a distribution of
education according to what he conceives to be a class in the com-
muniiy^ so that it will tend to the perpetuation of class instead
of the distribution of democracy^ and he says *^ We haVe it now/'
because the rich get the good lawyers and the poor get the rem-
nant. And what is the remedy that he suggests? He suggests
two^ — one, that you should distribute your requirements accord-
ing to the various institutions^ trying apparently to elevate
slightly the standards of both^ but not invading the province of
one by elevating it to the standard of the other. And then^ most
curiously of all^ he advocates what seems to me the least demo-
cratic and the most snobbish proposition that could possibly be
advanced/ that there should be the cultivation of snobbishness —
although he does not use the word — ^in the profession by having
bar associations confine their membership to those who are edu-
cated according to the highest standards.
I do not know anything which in my judgment would be more
destructive of the influence of bar associations and more destruc-
tive at the same time of the democratic principle upon which he
bases his conclusions. There was a statement made here yesterday
which it seems to me unfortunately used the word aristocracy,
because aristocracy has an unfortunate connotation. Recently I
came across, in reading an edition of a book of the Second
Century, the phrase ** tyranny of names.'* It seemed to me one
of the happiest phrases to crystallize an idea. We are under the
tyranny of names when we use the term *' aristocracy ** in refer-
ence to intellect. But we are not under the tyranny of names
when we use the other^ and it seems to me better-chosen phrase,
that I heard two or three days ago, that indicated the real danger
of this republic in the face of this democracy, and that is the
submergence of the few in the interest of the many. And what
few? The submergence of the intellectual and the educated few
before that tyranny of the word, misunderstood, democracy. It
is to the interest of democracy that it cultivate and maintain
an educated few that they may be guides and leaders.
One or two things have come into my hands in the last few days,
and one of them I think forcibly illustrates the opposition move-
SPBOIAL OONKHRBNOB OK LBGAL IBDUOATION. 661
ment to that which we are nndertaking. It is an adyertiaement
of a school in New York. It starts out with this false statement
of fact. It indicates that the first thing you have to combat in
the public interest is a misconception of what you are after^
because it says^ in holding out a bait to those whom it wishes
to enter in this preparatory school, '' Recently the American Bar
Association passed a resolution requiring the law schools to admit
only such students who have completed four years at high school
and who have also graduated at college.'^ So this misrepresenta-
tion has already begun to operate as a bait to deceive the boys
who cannot understand and cannot get information from the
proper sources.
Now I have listened to what has been said here, and for the
purpose of conciseness of expression and not to wander from the
subject, I have reduced to writing two thoroghts that I will
present to you :
The first has to do with an attempt to analyze the views that
have been expressed and are continually being expressed from
different sources, and I find that those views fall into four
categories, and the first category looks at it from the standpoint
of the individual. I say four. Two great- categories. The first
great category looks at it from the standpoint of the individual,
in my judgment, an entirely mistaken category. The second
looks at it from the standpoint of the public, in my judgment the
proper method of* view.
Each of those two is subdivided, and of those subdivisions and
an attempt on my part to characterise them I will now read.
But first let me say a word in regard to my own personal experi-
ence. I am neither a graduate of a college nor did I take a three
years' course at a law school, although I think in both respects I
acquired an equivalent education. Whether that is so or not, I
have been trying to educate myself from that day to this, and
expect to continue the effort after I get down from this platform.
So I do not allow my individual experience to deter me from
favoring the recommendations of the wisest heads in the Ameri-
can Bar Association. I was not required, \>nt far more I was
not initiated into these prospects or these possibilities, and I
lament the fact, because when I came to the Bar no such advice
was given to the aspiring student. It is only the developments
552 SPBOIAL COKPESEKOB ON LBGAL EDUCATION.
of recent years that have indicated that somebody who knows
should tell the law student what he ought to do in order to
assume the responsibilities thrust upon him.
In relation to the subject before this Conference there are
four views which may be advocated. The first emphasizes the
interests and the desires of the individual applicant for admis-
sion to the Bar. This view moves along the line of opportunity.
There are some people who advocate letting men in^ whatever their
fitness or lack of fitness.
The second group would require men to submit themselves to
particular discipline laid down as the result of experience. Some
say^ and probably erroneously^ that this is a division along the
line of '* Poverty or Wealth/' but it is common knowledge that
a poor man can get as good an education as a rich man. Of course
there are some poor men who are deprived of that opportunity;
but there are many poor men who are able to embrace the oppor-
tunity. The cleaveage can no longer rightly be considered as one
between " Poverty and Wealth '^ or " Democracy and Aristocracy *'
— ^it is but a question of whether the applicant is willing to
imdergo the requisite discipline. There are many well-educated
poor boys, and largely for the reason that so many opportunities
are given to the poor boy willing to embrace them. The advocacy
of the '^ poor boy '^ is really advocating the admission to the Bar
of the boy who because of his poverty cannot fit himself for the
job. It seems such advocates want the bars* let down in favor
of poverty and not in favor of ability. The question is : Do those
seeking to support this contention give the superior place to
disciplined^ or do they give the superior place to undisciplined
poverty?
The next group is one not dominated by the interests of the
individual ; its proponents rather emphasizing the interest of
the public. This class has two general divisions; one group (a)
opposes thorough preparation for the Bar because they conceive in
their minds that the necessary preparation becomes the privilege
of the wealthy. The ultimate outcome of this view is tiiat it is
against the public interest to require any higher education for
members of the Bar ; and the reason they urge is this : It com-
mits the error of assuming that only a rich man can get the neces-
sary education to become a competent member of the Bar. They
SPBOUL OONFSEBNOB ON LBGAL EDUOATION. 553
look further ahead than do the ones taking the IndividualiBt view,
and state it would bring about a condition of social ezclusiveness.
But this group recognizes that the public has need of lawyers,
which the group I first mentioned does not recognize. They con-
tend the public has no such need. They think the Bar is simply
some occupation by which some people can make a living, and they
do not wish to deprive the poor of any opportunity to make a
living.
However, the first group in this second category does recognize
that the public has. an interest in the education, training, char-
acter and efficiency of its lawyers; and they say, society cannot
effectually be carried on without lawyers; and for that reason
they think lawyers should be representative of every class in the
community ; that is, we should have, not educated lawyers solely —
but we should have also poor lawyers, bad lawyers^ unedu-
cated lawyers; and they think they support their proposition by
the statement '' these men can speak for the classes from which
they come.*' Is not this equivalent to advocating that an igno-
rant man should have an ignorant man to " represent '' him as a
lawyer. Their view must take that form if baldly stated. They
themselves might not accept this statement of their views. They
might urge that well-educated lawyers must of necessity come
from what is styled " the aristocratic class " ; and they conclude
" therefore, the public needs would be warped in their solution by
this single class in the community/'
The fourth class recognizes that the public has a vital interest
in its-legal class. They recognize that the legal class performs two
functions; one, that of representing clients; and, two, the func-
tion of guiding community growth along proper and rational
lines. These think — and quite correctly — that to perform both
functions or purposes it is undeniably in the public interest that
lawyers should be well educated men. Uneducated men, men of
immature minds, men of bitter prejudices and men of class
animosities are unsafe guides of a community, as well as unsafe
representatives for their clients. Their judgments are warped;
their vision is narrow; they are too apt to act along lines of
prejudice and in ignorance of historical precedents.
Hence, it seems established rationally, that the community
needs the best attainable ; but it should not prescribe requirements
554 SPBCIAL GONFEHBNCB ON LBOAL BDUOATION.
that would defeat its own ends by so limiting the number of men
admitted to ibe profession that they eonid not perform the public
fanction that devolves upon them. Standards shonid not be
placed so high that the number attaining to membership would
be limited so they could not perform the functions of the Bar.
Anything short of that is^ in my judgment, in the very best
interests of the community; and it is axiomatic that you cannot
have lawyers too well educated.
Chairman McAdoo:
The next topic is the failure of the law office to give an
adeqi^ate technical education.
The following paper prepared by George E. Price, of West
Virginia, was then presented :
The question which I have been requested to discuss is whether
an adequate legal education can now be obtained by a student in
a practicing lawyer's office. What I have to say upon this ques-
tion is, of course, largely the result of my own experience and
observation ; in fact', a man can only discuss matters of which he
has had some personal knowledge and experience.
It is well known that many lawyers of the past generation and
quite a number who are still living and in practice, obtained
all their legal training prior to their admission to the Bar, with-
out having the advantages of a law school. This is so in my own
case. My whole training for the Bar was obtained by study
under a great uncle of mine, a retired lawyer, a man of culture
and learning of the old schooL He had little to do except to
direct my studies and quiz me upon what I had read, and discuss
with me the legal and fundamental principles involved. What-
ever success, therefore, I have had at the Bar, has been attained
without the advantages of legal training in a regularly consti-
tuted law school — and this may be said also of a large number of
the most eminent lawyers of the past in this country. There-
fore, it cannot be denied that, as applied to the past generations
and to those still living who were trained 40 or 50 years ago, it
was possible to obtain adequate legal education in a lawyer's office
or under private tutelage.
But, times have changed, and the methods of education in
all lines have changed with the times. There have been, perhaps
8PB0IAL COKFEBBNOB ON LBGAL EDUCATION. 555
greater changes in the laws and in the methods of acqtiiring
legal knowledge than in almost any other profession or avocation.
I studied law in Frederick City, Maryland. Frederick City
was a substantial town of 12,000 or 15,000 inhabitants, located
in one of the richest and most beautiful agricultural sections
of the eastern part of the United States. It had a strong, well-
educated Bar — if I should mention the names of some of the
lawyers at that time, they would be recognized as leaders of the
Bar of the country. As I recollect it, the legal business at that
time consisted mainly of the settlement of estates, preparation
and construction of deeds and wills, occasional actions inyolving
land titles, actions of trespass and other torts including a few
personal injury suits, suits relating to conmiercial contracts
within what would now be considered narrow limits, and the
usual limited criminal practice such as exists in that kind of a
community. There were several law students or clerks in the
lawyers' offices. It was the habit of all the lawyers to attend
the session of the court at least part of the day. They frequented
each other's offices, and met each other in the clerk's office or
gathered in groups in the court house square in good weather.
All took an interest in any important case that was pending and
the questions involved, as well as politics and governmental
affairs, were discussed. Forensic oratory was cultivated and
elaborate arguments were permitted and were indulged in both
before the court and the jury. The students in the law offices
got the benefit of these free discussions of important questions
of law, and of the dominant political issues and constitutional
principles by men who were thoroughly competent to discuss
them and who had sufficient leisure to enable them to keep
abreast of the times. In those days the average lawyer had the
time and he made it a part of his practice, so to speak, to super-
vise the studies of the law student in his office.
In those days there were no stenographers employed in law
offices. The lypewriter was almost imknown, as I recollect it,
and the pleadings and deeds and legal papers were written out
in long-hand, either by the lawyer himself or by the clerk in his
office. In this way the clerk or student got the benefit of tbe
actual preparation of legal papers.
556 SPECIAL GONFEBBNGB OK LEGAL EDUOATION.
The lawyer was a man somewhat apart. He was a public man,
a servant of the public in a much larger sense than he is today.
He was recognized as a leader and adviser of the people not only
in legal matters^ but in all public matters and he rightly regarded
his position as one of great responsibility.
So it will be seen from what I have said, that it was possible
for a student in a law office not only to obtain an adequate legal
education, but to acquire the spirit of the law and absorb the
higher sentiments of the leading men in the profession and in
the community. He was educated, not only in the principles of
the law, but he could get the spirit of the American lawyer of
that day; and this he could get in almost any community in the
different states of this union. I, of course, can only speak of
Maryland, Virginia and West Virginia; I know this was the
situation in those states for the period succeeding the Civil War
and up to 1875.
But there have been great changes in this country and in the
world since those days. Of course, the courts had before them
at that time many questions growing out of the Civil War, the
readjustment of the rights of the states, and other great ques-
tions. But there was then but little development of corporate
organization, such as we know it today. This phase of business
developed rapidly, however. Its most important phase* was
the development of the great railroad corporations, their pre-
dominant influence in business, and their attempts at the control
of political affairs, their discriminations between individual
shippers and between different communities in the matter of
rates and shipping facilities. This led to the agitation of the
control of the railroads by the state, and the general govern-
ment. It led to the discussion of questions of Interstate Com-
merce, of the powers of the general government as compared with
the powers of the states in the regulation of railroad traffic.
Laws were passed for these purposes and there was great litiga-
tion over these questions; and finally the law took the form of
providing for railroad commissions, and the Interstate Commerce
Commisfflon was created by the federal government, and the
different Public Service Commissions were created by the states.
These commissions were given control not only of the railroads,
but of all other public service corporations. The questions as
8PB0IAL CONFBBBNOB ON LfiGAL BDUOATION. 557
to how far the legislature could delegate its powers to a com-
mission of this kind, and what was the scope of the powers of
these commissions^ and how far their decisions were binding,
engaged the attention of the Bar and the courts throughout the
country.
Then the great development of the wealth of the country led
to the concentration of it by corporate organizations into what
were known as the great industrial trusts. The word " trust *'
took on a new meaning, it really represented a feeling of " dis-
trust *' in the eyes of the public representatives in Congress and
in the state legislatures. The great combinations were legislated
against and the courts were called on to^ define their limitations
and their activiticfS or to dissolve them.
With the combinations of capital came, on the other hand,
great combinations of labor often led by radical leaders attempt-
ing to enforce their demand not by means of the courts or other
agencies of the government but by their own power — ^by strikes,
tying up the great industries in which they had been employed,
refusing to work with any one not a member of the union and
producing a condition of terrorism by violence and destruction
of property. Thus arose an attitude of antagonism on the part
of the labor organizations against the organizations of capital.
Out of this came what is known as collective bargaining.
T^ie legislatures and the courts have had to deal with this
troublesome and dangerous situation. How far can these com-
binations be controlled by law? Is the organization liable for
the acts of its members ? What control have the courts over these
matters? How can these collective bargains be enforced? Is
compulsory arbitration possible ?
There has also been established by law what is known as the
system of Workmen^s Compensation, doing away to a large extent
with actions for personal injuries received by men in the course
of their employment.
Within the time under discussion the gas engine has been
invented, making possible the automobile and the aeroplane, also
the great development of electricity, chemistry, the telephone,
wireless .telegraphy and many other inventions which have almost
obliterated space and brought communities and the nations of
558 SPECIAL CONFSBBNOB ON LBOAL SDUOATIOM.
the world closer together and maJdng for better living and higher
standards of all kinds.
Out of all these and many other things that might be men-
tioned in the economic worlds has grown up an immense body of
law unknown 50 years ago. This astounding expansion of the
law has made it necessary for lawyers to acquaint themselyes
with a thousand things that the man of a past generation knew
nothing of. The new statutes governing these questions fill
many a volume^ and the decisions of the courts have accumulated
in such a way that it is impossible for anyone to keep in touch
with them by anything like original investigation.
I have endeavored in this brief way to indicate something of
the scope of the labors and the field of the activities of the
modem lawyer.
He is no longer a man apart; in fact, he is merely an integral
part of a great moving system. To be effective he must keep in
touch with these rapid developments, both in the economic and
political world and in the field of the law. He is obliged to keep
up some knowledge of the trend of the decisions of the courts.
He no longer employs a mere clerk or student to prepare his
papers. He dictates his papers to his stenographer and they are
reproduced, and manifolded, upon the typewriter. He has but
little time for anything else during his office hours except busi-
ness; that is, if he is a competent lawyer and has attained to any
responsible success in his profession. If he has not, then he could
not make a very satisfactory tutor or instructor of a law student.
He no longer sits in the chair in front of his office and discusses
politics and public affairs. He no longer resorts to the court
house and listens to the trial of cases in which he is not interested.
When his office work is done, he seeks recreation in his auto-
mobile ; his family demands that he take some part in social activi-
ties. There is no chance for his giving any attention to the train-
ing of young men in his office for the Bar. Instead of having a
young man prepare his legal papers, it is now done by a smart
young woman who has no aspirations for the Bar.
Now, what is the result of all this. The result has been the
building up of law schools in almost every state in the country,
the gathering of the young men who are studying law. into the
imiversities where they can give their whole time to the study of
SPBOIAL OOKFEBBNOB ON LBOAL BDUOATION. 569
the law under highly educated and trained instructors specializ-
ing in the various branches of the law^ and giving them the bene-
fit not only of the fundamental principles of the common law as
it was 50 years ago^ but also of the developments which have taken
place since then and of the trend and tendency of modem legisla-
tion and constitutional government calling attention to the latest
decisions of the courts, and especially developing and analyzing
the great fundamental constitutional principles upon which this
free government of ours is founded. Thus, by the association
with other young men from various parts of the country^ by the
influence and training of cultivated, patriotic lawyers directing
their attention to certain specialized branches of the law, the
yeung man is able to acquire such a legal education as will fit
him for the strenuous, exacting duties of a practicing lawyer in
these modem days ; and in no other way can it be obtained, in my
judgment.
The result of what I have said is that the practicing lawyer
who amounts to anything has not the time nor the inclination and
is not competent to give to a law student in his ofSce, adequate
legal training. He is not competent because it is impossible for
any lawyer nowadays to acquire and keep in mind a knowledge of
the development of the different branches of the law so as to be
able to impart it to others. We are obliged to specialize more or
less, even where we have a general practice. We have certain
classes of clients, and our attention is directed along certain lines.
We become proficient in corporation law, in the law relating to
railroads, in admiralty; or with us in West Yiiginia, in that
branch of the law relating to the development of our coal mines,
our oil and gas territory, and these things constitute almost a
branch of the law of themselves. We must study the law of elec-
tricity and railroad law. Questions of Interstate Commerce are
pressing upon us in our State of West Virginia constantly. Con-
sequently, if the lawyer is engaged in practice along these lines,
and he is employed in a case of a different character, he is obliged
to go to work and revise his studies upon the new questions and
ascertain what have been the more recent decisions governing it.
It is not sufficient to go back to Kent, and Blackstone, to Chitty,
and Oreenleaf on Evidence ; and he has not the time to keep up a
comprehensive knowledge of all the branches of the law. But,
560 SPSOIAL GOKFBBBNOB ON LEGAL EDUCATION.
in the law schools the different prof essors take different branches
of the law, and the students have the benefit of their specialized
knowledge. This immensity of the law reminds me of the old
incident of the young fellow in Alabama who applied for admis-
sion to the Bar. The committee that was appointed to examine
him, quizzed him for some time before dinner^ and then after
dinner when they were about to resume^ the yoimg fellow told
them that he had made up his mind not to go any further with it.
When they afiked him if he was going to give it up^ he answered^
" Yes; the law was very easy, but there's too damned much of iV
If that was so in those old days, how much more is it true today ?
I have mentioned before the manifest advantages of a student
who has had the benefit of training in one of our great law schools,
a^: over one who had the kind of training that one gets in a law
office. These young men come back after their three or four years*
course in the universities with a comprehensive view of the law
and especially with the training that enables them to find out
what the law is and go to its sources and analyze, and brief it.
They can do their work much more easily and accurately than
the lawyers of the old days.
The conclusion, therefore, is inevitable; that it is now almost
impossible for a young man to acquire an adequate legal edu-
cation simply as a student in a law office; but the provisions that
are made for education in the law schools in nearly every state
in the union, the facilities for travel, and the helping hand that is
always held out to the worthy young man, render it possible lor
almost anyone to obtain the necessary legal training under com-
petent professors in these schools. And very few who have the
mental and moral qualities necessary to make real lawyers will be
prevented from obtaining admission to the Bar by the require-
ment of a reasonable course of training in a law school.
Chairman McAdoo:
Attorney General Wickersham will introduce the discussion,
and it gives me great pleasure to introduce a former distinguished
Attorney General of the TPnited States, George W. Wickersham.
George W. Wickersham, of New York :
I confess I am somewhat at a loss to know how to discuss the
subject which has been presented by Mr. Price, " The Failure
SPBOIAL CONKERSNOB ON LBGAL BDUOATION. 661
of the Law OflBce to Give Adequate Legal Training/' The state-
ment of the topic involves a recognition of the failure of the old
system of legal training. The rapid increase in the number of
law schools and in the number of students attendant upon them
is in itself proof of that failure.
Is not the cause of this fact to be found in those changes
referred to by Mr. Boot in his address to the American Bar Asso-
ciation at Ci^cinnati^ when he said:
'^ The vast multiplication of tezt^books and printed reports of
adjudicated cases and of statutes, has been already so great and
is proceeding at such a rapid rate, that it is plain that the study
of the law and the knowledge of the law and the application of
the law today are widely different from anything that existed 50
years ago.*'
Historically, in England, office instruction was confined to the
apprenticeship of solicitors' clerks. Several years drudgery in
an attorney's office was necessary before one could become a mem-
ber of that branch of the profession which dealt with the
mechanical or business phases of legal matters. The Bar — ^that
is, those entrusted with the conduct of causes before courts and
the giving of legal opinions on questions submitted by solicitors,
composed of the members of the Inns of Court was recruited
nominally from those reading law in the office of the barrister.
The real work of preparation for the Bar came after admission
by constant attendance upon the great legal clinics — ^the courts.
As a rule, by force of tradition and class distinction, those who
were admitted to the privilege of reading law with barrister were
university graduates — ^gentlemen. Their actual legal training
was acquired by service as devil or junior counsel and by observa-
tion acquired through attendance upon the courts.
In the early days of our republic prevailing conditions made
impracticable the separation of professional work between solici-
tors and barristers; there wasn't enough work to justify such a
partition of effort. And the method of qualifying for the Bar
naturally was through the office of a practising lawyer. In gen-
eral this was unsatisfactory. Joseph Stone has recorded his
experience in the office of Samuel Sewall which he entered in
1798. He was thrown on his own resources and attempted to
read Coke on Littleton with Butler and Hargraves works. ''After
662 8PBGIAL CONFEBBNOB OV LEGAL EDUCATION.
trying it day after day with very little success/* he says, " I sat
myself down and wept bitterly/'
William Wirt, after a perfunctory examination, was admitted
to the Bar a " a full-fledged '* lawyer, with limited knowledge of
the law, no particular resources, and a small but characteristic
library, consisting of a set of Blackstone, two volumes of Don
Quixote and a copy of Tristam Shandy.
That these men overcame the obstacles of imperfect unsys-
tematic instruction, only demonstrates their extraordinary
capacity to grapple with any adverse condition and to compel
success at any cost.
The success or failure of a law office training depended upon
the lawyer and the character of his practice. If he were a oon-
seientious preceptor and took the time and pains required to
guide the student and supervise his studies and if his practice
enabled him to use the student in the preparation of bis cases
and in the incidents of court work, the result might prove fairly
adequate. But I think the greatest value a student got from the
law office method was the inspiration of association with some
great and inspiring personality.
After all, more important even than education in the learning
of the law is the formation of character and the development of
standards of personal and legal ethics which require no teaching
of artificial codes of conduct, but which develop an instinctive
knowledge of right and wrong, rendering impossible the tolera-
tion of any conduct that is not straightforward and honorable.
Such standards are best acquired through association with
honorable and respected men. Such association is as necessary
in a law school as in an attorney's office. It was the personal
character of Ames and Gray, Thayer and Jeremiah Smith — ^to
speak only of the departed — quite as much as the superior
method of instruction, that made the Harvard Law School pre-
eminent It was the character of E. Coppee Mitchell and Judge
Thayer, professors at the Law School of the University of
Pennsylvania, that made a deep impress upon the students of
my time who came under their influence.
The law schools became necessary because the growth and com-
plexity of modem law made it impossible for a successful prac-
titioner to give the time and attention to his students necessary
8PB0IAL CONFSRBKOB ON LEGAL BDUOATION. 563
to fit them to enter upon the profession when so much more was
required than had been the case in earlier years. But the success
of the law school will be determined, not merely by the scope of
its courses or the thoroughness of its instruction, but by the
character of the teachers. They must be able to inspire their
students with the highest professional ideals and the most simple
unswerving principles of right living. Mere learning or clever-
ness will not suffice. The universities must seek men of inspiring
character for their professorships, those positions in which great
and far-reaching influence may be exerted upon the young men
of succeeding generations.
As I have noted, by tradition, the English Bar largely was
recruited from graduates of the universities. What tradition
effected in England, the influence of the Bar must compel in this
country. An increasing number of uneducated men are crowd-
ing into the legal profession in our large cities. I cannot speak
from knowledge of the rural communities. But the rules in my
own state, applicable to all portions of the state, permit entrance
to the profession by men with ridiculously slender qualifications.
The law would soon cease to be a learned prof essicm were these
standards to be maintained. No other country in tiie world
permits men to become lawyers with such a meagre educational
foundation as is fixed in the statutes and rules of the greatest
commercial state of our union.
It is high time the American Bar organized in defense of its
best traditions and moved towards a reassertion and reestablish-
ment of its best ideals.
During the last seven years and a half I have served as a mem-
ber of the Committee on Character and Fitness appointed by the
Appellate Division of the Supreme Court in the First Judicial
Department of New York. Our state is divided into four
judicial departments and the first embraces the counties of New
York and Westchester. That is the division into which, by
far, the greater number of the students who apply for admission
to the Bar, make their application. I have not the figures here,
I wish I had, to tell you how many men have come before that
committee. But I can generalize, without speaking accurately,
as to figures respecting the problems that we have had to deal
with. I listened with interest to Mr. W. B. Hale, of Chicago,
564 SPBCIAL CONFERSNGB ON LEGAL BDUGATION.
yesterday^ as he spoke of the diJBScultieB that the Illinois Com-
mittee has to deal with. I presume our problem is worse than
that of any other part of the United States because, of course^
into New York come streams of immigration from all parts
of the world. In the first place the reasons for leading men to
endeavor to become lawyers are interesting. In probably 90 per
cent of the continental bom who apply for admission, the motive
is the effort at social advancement or preferment. In the country
from which they come the advocate occupied a higher social posi-
tion than his fellows. Therefore, quite naturally and quite com-
mendably, their parents inspire them with the desire to advance
in the social scale, and they catch at the idea quite quickly, and
the easy way to get on and become an advocate is to follow the
disgracefully easy path open by the statutes and the rules of
court in New York to enable men to become lawyers. They are
not required to have a college education, they are required to
pass an examination in certain subjects, an examination con-
ducted by the state university. The theoretical requirements
are ridiculously low, and in the method of carrying them out
we have had strong reason to seriously complain. Then they
go to some part-time law school. The less education they have
the more they seek the law school that offers them the easiest
method of qualifying for the Bar. And for a long time the Bar
examiners appointed by the Court of Appeals confined them-
selves largely to requiring the exercise of feats of memory and
many of these men have extraordinarily acute and retentive
minds and they can learn any arbitrary rule that is laid down
for them. I am happy to say that recently the situation of the
Bar examiners has been changed and we now have a body of
yoimg men fully alive to the needs of the situation and desirous
of cooperating to the fullest extent with the local authorities in
making the examination for admission to the Bar a test, not
merely of memory, but of the reasoning faculties.
Now there are one or two things that very notably impressed
themselves upon us. Most of the men who come from the
Continent of Europe, and that is largely those who come from
Russia and Poland and Austria and Southeastern Europe — very
few come from France and comparatively few from Germany,
that is, from Germany proper — most of those men, and I speak
SPBOIAL CONFBBBKOB ON LEGAL BDUOATION. 566
now of what we had before us up to perhaps six months ago, and
before the new committee of Bar examiners had really got set^
taking the examination in two parts, the examinations are
divided into laminations in substantive law and examinations
in adjective law. Generally those men passed the exan^ation
because of the arbitrary rules which they can memorize, such
as laws of procedure, laws of evidence, statutory requirements.
They pass those examinations the first time. They seldom pass
an examination in substantive law the first time. They take one,
two and sometimes three examinations in substantive law. My
associates and I have been convinced that in a very large per-
centage of the cases they never get through their heads a con-
ception, an adequate conception, of the spirit and meaning of the
English law which underlies our system. They come from a
different environment, they are products of a totally different
system of thought and training, and they never do come into full
realization of the meaning of our law historically, the history of its
growth, its development and its significance, and it is an appalling
thought to think of some of those men coming, as they do, and
getting into political life, coming ultimately to be judges and in-
terpreting the law, becoming legislators, making and altering the
law, to think that those men, with their imperfect conception of
our institutions, should have an influence upon the development
of our Constitution, and upon the growth of American institu-
tions, is something that I shudder when I think of.
This condition, undoubtedly, is worse in New York City than
it is in some of the other places. But I have no reason to think
it is much better in the rural communities. I have no reason to
think that things are materially better there than they are here.
Now, how are we going to combat it ? The law office instruction
hsa, as has been stated in this topic, proved a failure. We must
insist, at all events, upon a basis of general education adequate
to our needs upon which to build, fulfilling the requirements of
professional instruction, and then we must see that so far as
possible the organized law schools model and adapt their courses
so as to give the best possible professional education to men com-
ing on to the practice of the law, ajid I, for one, have no fear of
requiring a three years' course in a law school, because these very
men that I speak of are the ones who will get that education.
566 SPECIAL OONFBBBKOB ON LBQAL SDUOATION.
They get tbrongh now on the minimum requirement; they Trill
always manage to secure the Tninimum requirement^ but in the
process they too will be modified, and they too will be improTed
in the final hour.
Chairman McAdoo:
I have pleasure in introducing Thomas Patterson, of Penn-
sylvania. ^
Thomas Patterson, of Pennsylvania :
I trust I have your sympathy, because I was asked to come here
to present certain views against the resolutions of the American
Bar Association, and in addition to the unpleasant position of
being advocatus didboK I am also limited to seven minutes.
Therefore I shall satisfy myself with a statement of my position.
I conceive it the right and the duty of the court and Bar to
insist upon certain qualifications before a man shall enter upon
the public profession of the law as a practitioner. I deny their
right to determine the means by which he shall get those qualifi-
cations, unless there is some reason so absolutely persuasive and
overpowering as will necessarily lead to that result. Then I say
that the man without the means, without the possibility of pur-
suing a college course or law school course, has the right to pre-
pare himself in his library and his office for admission to the
Bar and to practice law and to get not only the professional emolu-
ments that come from such practice, but those positions of public
trust to which the profession of the law is the opening door.
Now, just why is it that you believe the law school has this
priority over the office lawyer ? Certainly not from the history of
the past. A Bar that has had a Gibson and a Shaw and a
Jeremiah Mason needs no apologies to the Bar of today as to
its ability, and today practicing at the Bar are men without
these qualifications of as high standards and as much knowl-
edge as any graduate of law schools.
I am going to quote some figures, taken from the records of
the State Board of Law Examiners. I may say that I have been
a member of this board for 15 years.
One law school — I shall not mention its name — ^has a most
wonderful record. Prom 1905 until 1915 only 1.5 per cent of
rejections occurred, and since 1916 only 7 per cent. Then those
SPBOIAL OONFBRBNOB ON LBOAL EDUCATION. 667
figures drop as we come to the inferior law schools imtil we find
60 per cent of rejections. In the average law school — ^this is taken
from aU sonrces — 12 per cent failed npon the first trial.
N0W9 o^ yotir office men, 33 per cent failed. In other words,
those who come from the office are apparently about as well pre-
pared so far as the examination is concerned as the average that
come from the law schools. Bnt so far as the very interesting
thought Mr. Boot gave ns of the great moral benefit gained by
college training, may I suggest that that is not by any means
certain, that there is good reason to believe that in many of the
Tlniversities radicalism and socialism is very widespread. I know
it is so in certain colleges. I have sat on the platform of a large
institution where there were 6000 undergraduates and I have
looked at their thin faces, their undernourished bodies, their heavy
expressions, I have turned and said " How many of these students
are studying the classics ?'^ and the reply was about a hundred.
In closing, may I suggest to you that this is a subject in which
we are all equally interested. If you have boards of examiners,
trust them and insist on their efficiency. If the requirements
should be higher, make them higher; but most of all make your
preliminary examination include the classics, because my experi-
ence, connected as I have been with the profession and as a pro-
fessional examiner for six years, has been that there is a heavy,
persistent urge to take the classics out of the preliminary exami-
nation for registration, and although the law school becomes and
is becoming, in the natural course of competition, almost an
exclusive training school, the student also should be required to
register with a reputable practitioner in order that his life may
be known. Nothing is less known than a man who attends a
foreign law school and comes back with his diploma. But if he
is required to be registered with some man of repute and if he is
required to pass the examination in this great mental and moral
training of the classics, I think the question will answer itself
and the improvement will come. I thank you for hearing me.
Chairman McAdoo :
The next topic is '' The Part-time Law School and its Place in
Legal Education.^' This topic will be introduced by Mr. Frank H.
Sommer, of New Jersey.
568 SPBCIAL GONFEBENGB ON LEGAL BDUOATION.
Prank H. Sommer, of New Jersey, then read his paper :
Hesitation, due to a keen appreciation of the difficulty of the
task, marked my acceptance of the invitation to present in the
brief space of 15 minutes *^ The place of the part-time law school
in legal education/*
Hesitation was, however, overcome by the manifestation of
faith, implicit in the invitation, in the power of intensification
in exposition developed through instruction in a part-time law
school.
It will be my effort to justify that faith. In doing so I shall
refrain from disturbing the peaceful rest of the beloved Lincoln
which was so frequently broken in upon yesterday.
At the outset it should be said that the views here expressed
are personal, and are not to be taken as representing or reflecting
the opinions of my colleagues in the faculty of the school from
which I come.
The place of the part-time law school in legal education is that
of an institution which affords an opportunity through system-
atic, supervised study, to acquire that thorough and rounded
equipment in knowledge of the principles of technical law and the
ability to apply such knowledge, which is essential to, and with-
out which no one should be entrusted with, the discharge of the
functions of a lawyer, advising, with the sanction of the state, as
to legal duties and rights involving life, liberty and property.
It is an institution which, in offering this opportunity, must,
if it properly fills its place, stress not merely the function of logic
and of precedent, but lay equal emphasis upon the fact that law
is not an end in itself, but a means to an end, and that expediency
does and must play a part in its development both through ad-
judication and legislation ; that law is not " inspired dogma " but
" an instrument of progressive social engineering.*'
It is an institution which, in affording this opportunity, must,
if it properly fills its place, so conduct its work as to sink deep
the roots of conviction that the practice of law is not a trade; not
merely a profession, but a public profession.
I readily assent to the natural suggestion that this is the place
of any school of law worthy of the name and whose goal is not
merely to enable its students to meet the test of examinations for
SPECIAL OONFBRBKOB ON LEGAL EDUOATION. 569
admission to the Bar, which in general are too low in the standard
set
In so far I recognize no distinction between the place of the
whole-time and that of the part-time school in legal education.
The whole-time and the part-time schools recognize, equally,
that the law is a social institution; that it governs, and bears
alike on all within the community, and that the formulation and
deTelopment of law is consequently of equal concern to all; that
such formulation and development must not be in the interest of
any special class ; and that in such formulation and development
the interest of the whole muft steadily be kept in view.
The part-time school because of these considerations, however,
insists that conditions for entry into the ranks of those to whom
the formulation, application, and development of the law is en-
trusted shall not be set at a point that, irrespective of capacity,
confines admission to the well-to-do.
It is in view of these considerations that the part-time school
consciously arranges its claflsfroom hours so as to admit of carrying
concurrently the task of providing a livelihood and the systematic
study of law.
This course is not inconsistent with the setting and mainte-
nance of high standards.
It is dictated by the considerations stated and by them alone,
and is not prompted by considerations basely commercial.
Though there may be those among them who have sinned
against the light, the record of the part-time school in general
supports these statements.
The part-time school has not been a laggard in the movement
to bring about the setting of advanced standards for admission
to the Bar by legislatures and courts.
In one state the advance in such standards is attributable
almost wholly to the persistent and for a losg time highly xm-
popular efforts of an instructor in a part-time school, whose
answer to sentimental and demagogic pleas made to defeat the
accomplishment of his purpose, was to point to the existence of
the part-time schools and the opportunity afforded by them.
Not infrequently, too, the part-time school has boldly, ignor-
ing financial considerations, advanced requirem^ts for entrance
570 SPBOIAL OONFBBBNOB OV LBGAL XDUOATION.
and graduation beyond those set by the state for admission to
the Bar.
In the light of this statement of the purpose of the part-time
school and the attitude that it has assumed in the past on the
question of advancing the standards of legal education and re-
quirements for admission to the Bar^ I confidently anticipate
ready acceptance and support in principle^ if not in detail^ by
those who are interested in the part-time schools^ of the proposals
of the American Bar Association and of the movement now under
way to effect these proposals.
The proposed requirement of two years of study in a college in
no way contravenes the principle on which the part-time law
school rests and upon the maintenance of which it insists.
The inevitableness of this requirement some of the part-time
schools Jiave long recognized and have, without awaiting action
by the state, provided for putting it into effect.
The effective study of law in the stage it has now reached,
replete with the complexities and perplexities which mark a
period of transition in which community interest is displacing
individual interest in the spot-light of juristic thought, requires
a broader and deeper background of fact, knowledge and cultural
training than is afforded by a high school course.
That a wider and more defii^ite acquaintance with English and
American history, in particular, and of world history in general,
the social and political sciences, social ideals and aspirations as
expressed in literature, and with the processes of business than
can be acquired in a high school course is, in this day, requisite
to the effective study of law, one, who has struggled to teach
graduates of high schools the principles of constitutional law
and the principles of law relating to certain phases of social rela-
tions and business transactions, must readily concede.
The proposed requirements raise a necessary barrier to en-
trance of the unfit and inadequately trained into the profession.
This barrier presents, under present day conditions, no insur-
mountable obstacle to the man of average capacity unblessed by
command of an overplus of this world's goods.
Colleges and junior colleges maintained as a part of the system
of free public education increase in number.
8PB0IAL OOKFBRBNOB ON LBGAL BDUCATION. 571
A broader base of endowment for colleges not publicly main-
tained admits of a more liberal attitude in the grant of free and
partially free scholarships to men of capacity.
In the great centers of population the part-time college is
finding itself^ offering an opportunity to carry along, simul-
taneously, work affording a liyelihood and the pursuit of a college
program.
The rise of the part-time college does not foreshadow the
advent of an era of lowered standards of collegiate training.
It marks the dawn of a day of recognition of the need of ad-
justing educational progranus so as to extend the opportunity to
acquire advanced education to all who may be advantaged thereby.
Its rise marks a step forward in the '^ American experiment of
government by the people through enlightenment of the people."
Years of experience have fixed, broadly, the content and limits
of the college program; the methods of conducting it; and have
established the average time demanded in thorough preparation
of required class-room work.
It is upon this basis of experience that the typical college
program extending over four academic years is framed.
Its mastery calls upon the student of average capacity to
devote to that end subatantially the whole of his working time,
making reasonable allowance for those activities which are re-
quired to cool the warm blood of youth.
It follows then that the program of the part-time college sub-
stantially identical with that of the whole-time college must be,
as it is, spread over a longer period of time.
The place of the part-time law school in legal education is
identical with that of the part-time college in the system of gen-
eral education.
Unqualified assent cannot, however, be given by the part-time
law school to the proposal that every candidate for admission to
the Bar should give evidence of graduation from a law school
which requires its students to pursue a course of three years dura-
tion if they devote substantially all of their working time to their
studies, and a longer course, equivalent in number of working
hours, if they devote only part of their working time to their
studies.
672 SPECIAL CONFERBNCB ON LEGAL EDUCATION.
Unqualified assent to this proposal by the part-time law school
requires preliminary confiideration of certain factors in the law
school problem and definite action with respect thereto.
A survey of the programs of instruction of the schools of law
classified as whole-time schools in connection with Mr. Eeed's
admirable study — "Training for the public profession of the
law/' fails to reveal agreement as to the number of class-room
hours per week thorough preparation for which will require sub-
stantially the whole of the remainder of the working time of a
student of average capacily.
The number of class-room hours required by these schools rises
from 12 hours per week. The variance is wide.
Some impose the requirement of prescribed collateral reading
and examination based on such reading.
Some permi%the taking of hours of class-room work in excess
of the required number of hours.
Some permit the simultaneous carrying of other than technical
legal subjects.
These considerations, together with my experience at the Bar
and as a law instructor and particularly my observation of the
results of an experiment in intensifying work in legal training
which was made necessary by conditions arising out of the war,
raise serious doubt whether the prevailing program of the schools
so classified as whole-time schools, in general, requires in its
mastery that the student of average capacity devote substantially
all of his working time to his studies, unless *' working time **
is to be measured by a standard which each student may set for
himself.
This doubt has not been lessened by observation of the progress
of students who, without change in working time conditions,
have passed in good standing from schools classified as part-time
schools to schools classified as whole-time schools and from the
latter to the former.
Nor has it been lessened by observation of numbers of student?
in the whole-time schools who apparently find no diflSculty in
mastering the required program and at the same time satis-
factorily serving a clerkship or pursuing more gainful occu-
pations. «
8PB0IAL CONFKBSNOB ON LBQAL BDUOATION. 573
This doubt has been strengthened by the fact that students in
schools classed as part-time schools which maintain a program
substantially identical with the prevailing program of the whole-
time schools, which set examination papers which compare
favorably in searching qualities to those set by the whole-time
schools; papers judged by instructors trained^ in many instances
in whole-time schools; have in great numbers mastered the
program without devoting '^substantially all of their working
time to their studies/'
Consideration has resolved the doubt into conviction that the
prevailing law school program does not demand in its mastery
that the student of average capacity devote substantially all of
his working time to his studies during a period of three academic
years.
I am^ however, also convinced that a program adequate to pre-
pare for efficient practice of the law under the conditions of this
day and of the future will require that the man of average
capacity devote to its mastery substantially all of his working
time through three academic years.
If I am not mistaken in this conclusion as to what is and what
should be, it follows that the standards set in examinations for
admission to the Bar must be radically advanced and made a
test of the successful pursuit of a course of studies which makes
this demand upon student effort. It further follows that the
prevailing program in whole-time and part-time schools requires
revision.
Since, by the admission of all, the house of the law needs
setting in order, the readjustment should have that quality of
thoroughness which differentiates the spring cleaning of the good
housewife from that of the sloven.
With such a revision of the prevailing program the whole-time
school will offer opportunity for adequate legal training to those
students who are not under the necessity of engaging in other
occupations and who are therefore able to devote substantially
all of their working time through three academic years to the
pursuit of their studies, and will in fact as well as theory uni-
formly demand of its students that measure of study ; while the
part-time school will offer a like opportunity to those, who,
because of economic conditions, are compelled to engage in other
574 8PBGIAL OONFBBBNGB ON LBOAL SDUOATION.
oocnpatioiis requiring a substantial part of their working time
while engaged in the study of law.
The offer of this opportunity by the part-time school will then
of course inyolve the spreading of the required hours of class-
room work over a longer period of time than is covered by three
academic years ; the extended period being governed by the ^^ free
time *' for study.
If the suggested revision of the tests for admission to the Bar,
and of the prevailing program of instruction in schools of law
is made^ unqualified assent may be given to the proposed
requirement.
The adoption of the suggestions made will^ I submit :
(a) Advance the standards for admission to the Bar and
measurably guarantee that the holder of the state's license to
practice law is adequately trained to deal with legal problems.
(b) Baise the standards of both whole-time and part-time
schools of law to a point that assures in greater degree than at
present the turning out of lawyers fit to grapple with their
problems.
(c) Produce a program of instruction that> shaking off the
dead hand of the past^ is adapted to present and future needs.
(d) Close the door of admission to the Bar to the unfit and
inadequately trained^ but throw the door wide open to the fit
through the provision of facilities for adequate training adapted
to the varying financial conditions of those capable of mastering
these facilities.
Out of the conditions which will result from the adoption of
these suggestions and through zeal to excel there will grow
another and higher type of school of law — a school of law and
school of jurisprudence combined — a combination that surely
pedagogical vision can effect.
This school setting its admission requirement in advance of
the requirement of two years of college work^ will offer a program
in law that in its mastery will demand substantially all of the
working time of the student through four academic years; a pro-
gram framed to equip for the practice of the law, and definitely
for leadership in its formulation and development.
Out of the student body of this school may be expected to come
teachers of law; authors of treatises on legal topics, not mere
8PB0IAL OONFBBBNOB ON LBQAL BDUOATION. 675
digests; from its ranks may be expected to be recruited men
capable of performing the sadly needed task of simplifying and
producing order out of chaos in the statutory law; to its gradu-
ates we may look to play an important part in the work of the
rapidly multiplying administrative tribunals which are devising
and applying a growing body of rules which have the force of
law;. from those it sends out» advice and counsel may be expected
to be increasingly sought in litigation of social and economic
import and in framing legislation to meet the social and eco-
nomic problems of the new order.
To those who complete the work of such a school some distinc-
tion should be granted.
May I suggest that the admission to practice in any state of a
man so qualified might well without more entitle him to practice
in every other state; and that the rules governing admission to
practice in the federal courts might well be revised so as to give
recognition in tangible form to such a degree of preparation for
the practice of law.
Finally^ need I say that in my judgment whether a school
belongs in the class of whole-time or of part-time schools is not
necessarily determined by the hours of the day fixed for class
sessions^ but by the demand in preparation which its program
makes in actual execution upon the time of the student of
average capacity.
I venture to hope, though mindful of the fact that I am merely
your guest> that this Conference will approve the recommenda-
tions made by the American Bar Association in principle, but
that it will at the same time insist :
(1) That the committee of the Association shall classify no
law school as maintaining the standards prescribed in its recom-
mendations without careful investigation not merely of the pub-
lished program of instruction, but of the administration of such
program as well, nor without requiring a statement as to the
outside occupations and employments of its students and of the
hours devoted to the same.
(2) That such committee shall not classify a school as not
maintaining such standards without careful investigation nor
without opportunity to the school to be heard.
19
576 8PBGIAL OONFBBBKOB ON LBQAL SDUOATION.
(3) That in view of the inaction and lack of agreement npon
the subject in the Association such committee permit the aca-
demic year 1923 to pass before it places the stamp of disapproval
upon the work of any school and so afford a reasonable oppor-
tunity for readjustment.
And finally that such committee where the control of require-^
ments for admission to the Bar rests with the courts^ and the
requirements for admission have been set lower than the stand-
ards now recommended^ such committees give publicity to its
disapproval of these courts like unto that disapproving publicity
which it purposes to mete out to schools of law.
Charles M. Mason^ of New Jersey :
Gentlemen of the Conference^ I am a college graduate and I
am also a law school graduate. At the present time I am dean of
the New Jersey Law School. The greatest diflSculty that we have
had in that state has been with the courts. We have tried to have
them make the time reqtdred in the law school four years. In
the first place we have never been able to get them to require a
candidate for the Bar to be a law school or a college graduate.
He is eligible to examination by obtaining a certain number of
counts. He is eligible to take tiie examination for admission to
the Bar by spending three years in a law office. To a certain
extent the time spent in a law office is a joke. I mean by that that
the candidate for admission to the Bar is used as a runner^ he is
used for miscellaneous purposes^ and largely for the reason that
the salary to be paid him is very low. In some cases the old
attorney tells the clerk that in his day he had to pay for the
privilege of serving in a law office. We of the New Jersey Law
School are willing to meet the requirements of two years. We
think, however, it is merely a step. We do not feel that two years
in a college, as most colleges are conducted and the courses that
they offer, is going to cure the errors in the legal system. It is
merely a step in the right direction, and that is all. We do feel,
as a representative of a part-time law school, that the doors should
not be closed to any class of American citizens. We do feel that
the standard should be raised, that a high grade of American
citizenship should be required of every candidate. We do feel
that a high grade of sdiolarship should be required of every
8FB0IAL OONTSaSNOB ON UEGAL BDUOATIOK. 677
candidate; we do feel that a high grade of legal leamiBg should
be required. But we put the requirements back at the doors of
the Supreme Court where it should belong and their requirement
should be such that a candidate should show some evidence of
being a scholar and a student.
Clarence N. Goodwin then submitted on behalf of the Com-
mittee the resolution which appears at the beginning of these
proceedings (see page 482 supra).
The resolutions were then discussed by Julius Henry Cohen,
of New York; and Charles S. Thomas, of Colorado.
At the afternoon session, February 24, 1922, Chairman Good-
win recognized John B. Sanborn, of Wisconsin, who said :
Mr: Chairman and gentlemen of the Conference: From some
inquiries which have been made to me personally, and from some
things which have been said in the discussion, it has seemed to
the Section of Legal Education that it may, perhaps, anticipate
some things which might come up, if a brief explanation were
made as to what has been done and what is being done in regard
to the classification of the law schools. As Mr. Boot called to
your attention yesterday, the third paragraph of the resolutions
adopted by the American Bar Association commands the Section
of Legal Education to publish from time to time the names of
those law schools which comply with the above standards, and
the names of those which do not, and to make such publications
available so far as possible to intending law students. Of course,
as he maicated, that mandate comes from the American Bar
Association and it is the duty of the Section to proceed with that
classification and with the publication of that information irre-
spectiye of any action of any other body. Of course the Section
has no power to amend in any way the standards which are here
set forth. The Section, of course, appreciates that there are a
great many things in these standards which may require some
consideration, and which may require further definition in time.
The Section is now endeavoring to obtain from the law schools
of the country the necessary information to enable it to make up
its mind as far as it can on what are the definitions of many of
these terms. I suggested this morning, for instance, the ques-
tion of what ia '' devoting substantially all the working time to
578 8PBGIAL CONFBB3SN0B ON UBQAL BDUCATIOK.
the snbject/' That may be a question to which the Section will
have to give careful consideration. Of course that will necessi-
tate a definition of those who do not devote substantially all their
working time to the subject. And there are very many other
things which will require careful consideration before they are
defined. I can say this^ however^ that the Section is not now
prepared to say^ and I am sure I could not answer the question^
because I do not have the information^ as to what definition it
will give to any of these terms upon which there may be dispute.
We do not know. We have not enough facts to proceed on as yet.
I asked from all the law schools that are here represented,
directly and indirectly, that we might receive from those schools
information as to which of them have any idea that they ought
to come in the first class, or whatever you will call it, of those
schools, and which anticipate within the measurably near future
that they will come within that class, and asked that we might
receive from them hearty cooperation in obtaining the facts on
which we must base our action.
I speak of the schools which anticipate that they may come
into that classification. It seems to me that these standards
for schools have a double purpose. In the first place they are to
indicate to intending law students what schools meet the stand-
ards that the American Bar Association has approved. In the
second place, they set a goal toward which we hope the other law
schools, or a great proportion of them, will set their pace. Speak-
ing for myself on behalf of all the members of the Section with
whom I have been in communication, I can, I think, assure the
law schools who are within measurable distance of that goal that
they will receive from the Section every encouragement and every
recognition, and I anticipate, although, of course, no formal
action has been taken on any of these matters, that when it comes
to a final classification, if we have reason to believe that such
and such a law school will, in 1923 or 1924, be able to meet those
standards, we will so announce, and not leave the impresswn that
that school is entirely in the lower ranks and has no idea of
coming up to that goal. While we have no subdivision of the
second class, as I say, I think I represent the sentiment of the
Section when I say that some method can be devised for the plan
of giving recognition to those schools which, in good faith, are
SPBOIAL OONFBBBNOB ON LEGAL BDUOATIOK. 679
endeayoring to comply with the standards and do not feel, as
many of them properly do not feel, that they can take the jump
which in most cases has come from no college to two years of
college all in one year. Many of them have gone up one year
and anticipate going np another year in the near future.
Wm. Draper Lewis, of Pennsylvania :
May I beg your indulgence as a member of the Council of the
Section of L^al Education to sa^ that Mr. Sanborn, of course,
represents, so far as I know, every member of that Council in
his general attitude. I also want to say in r^ard to Mr.
ScHumer's address this morning that I am quite certain that I
speak for all the members of that Council when I say that our
disposition will be to practically sit down with him and others
representing part-time law schools, with the object of so arrang-
ing the classification and carrying on the records of the Ameri-
can Bar Association as to help those good part-time schools that
are desirous, as many of them, I am quite sure, are, of conform-
ing with and helping the Council of the Section of Legal Educa-
tion of the American Bar Association to carry out, not only the
letter, but the spirit of the directions which have been imposed
upon us by the American Bar Association.
The Chairman:
I take great pleasure in introducing to you, as your Chairman
of the afternoon the Honorable John W. Davis.
Chairman John W. Davis :
Gentlemen of the Conference, you will not, I am sure, if there
were no other question than that of time involved, expect the
Chairman of your closing session to attempt to gailier any
flowers of speech in a field that has been so thoroughly garnered
as ours. I shall count my duty fully done if, as your presiding
officer of this session, I am able within the limitations of that
office to help you gather in the fruit of your two-days' discussion.
Without saying more, I invite you to turn to the business of your
closing session.
Mr. J. Newton Fiero, of New York, then presented for the
consideration of this Conference action taken by the New York
State Bar Association, recommending that the standard of pre-
580 8PB0IAL OONFEBBKOB OK LBGAL EDUCATION.
liminary study for the Bar be raised to a reqiiirement of one year
of college training or its equivalent such equivalent to be formu-
lated by the deans of the law schools and approved by the Educa-
tional Department and passed upon by the Court of Appeals.
Mr Cohen (in answer to an inquiry) said :
It is the opinion of the committee^ and it was the opinion of
the American Bar Association^ that just as in the case of the
practice of medicine, it is not practicable to secure a legal train-
ing except in a law school. While it may be practicable to secure
the equivalent of a general education by industry and persever-
ance, it is not practicable to get the tools of your trade in any-
thing but an adequate law school.
The resolutions were then farther discussed by John LowelJ,
of Massachusetts; W. C. G. Hobbs, of Kentucky; and Michael
P. Dee, of New York.
Josiah Marvel, of Delaware:
Mr. Chairman, I desire to move an amendment. I have not
a resolution and I cannot submit *my resolution in writing, but it
is sufficient, perhaps for the committee and for the information
of the members if I propose an amendment providing that the
courts and the Bar committees may, under proper circumstances,
accept the equivalent of three years^ work in a standard law
school. That will be using the same language that they have
used regarding two years in a college. I move that amendment.
Gkorge A. Ward, of the District of Columbia:
I second that motion, Mr. Chairman.
Mr. Marvel:
In moving this amendment I am largely moved by my very
keen desire that this Conference do something that will prac-
tically advance the standard of the Bar. We assume, to a degree,
to be the leaders of the Bar of this country; we assume, to a
degree, to attempt to lead public thought in this country regard-
ing the relations of the Bar to the public. A leader, as you
know, is one who is going in the same way with the people but
a bit in advance. If they go too far in advance and disappear
around the comer they axe no longer leaders, they axe lost. I
SFBOIAL OONFBRBNOB ON LBOAL BDUOATIOK. 881
am yery fearful that the reeolntion of the Ameiican Bar Asao-
dation^ aa modified even by thia Coni^erence^ ia attempting to go
too f aat. I think it ia not practical. I think we cannot rapidly
carry it into effect, that ia, not ao rapidly aa we would if we ahow
the bar aaaociationa through the country what we propoae aa a
atandard and urge them to cauae the atudenta at their Bara to
reach that atandard aa rapidly as possible. So that your own
committee waives the American Bar Aaaociation atandard aa to
two years of college and aays under proper circumstances we
recommend that that be waived. Now I aak you to go one step
further, that the courta and Bar committeea throughout the
country may be permitted to waive three yeara at a coU^e law
school under proper circumstancea. If it were thought that that
waa impoaaible, aa Mr. Gohen add a while ago, that a proper
preparation for the Bar and the making of a good lawyer could
only be obtained in a law achooL I would atand with the mover
of this resolution, but all history refutes that. If you aay it
cannot be done, then I cite you John MarahalL If you aay it
cannot be done, I cite you four membera of the Supreme Court
of the United Statea aitting today. If you aay it cannot be done,
I cite you every member of the judiciary of my State of Dela-
ware, not only of our atate courta, but of the United Statea
Courta, and our membera of the Circuit Court of Appeala of the
Third Circuit. It can be done. It ia different from a doctor.
Turn the right boy into my library, or into youra, with the
proper effort and ability and time, and he can come out aa good
a lawyer aa many college graduatea and better atill. It can be
done without the law school and I aak you that the boy who
fumiahea the proper effort, the proper ability and the proper
character and producea to a law committee or a court that which
is the equivalent of three years at law school, let him come to the
Bar aa thoae of hia predecessors have, for the purpose of entering
upon a career that may be a benefit not only to himaelf, but to
the community in which he Uvea.
W. H. Ellia, of Florida:
Mr. Chairman, I will offer aa a aubatitute the following, and
with the peimiaaion of the Chair I will read what I have pre-
pared. It is not my purpose to offer any word in def enae of this
682 8PB0IAL CONFEBBNOB ON LEGAL BDUOATION.
resolution^ deeming that it speaks for itself. And regarding the
proposition before this body as one largely in the nature of a
local question^ I offer this resolution :
Whirbas, a reasonably high standard of character and literary and
technical training should be required of all persons desiring to practice
the profession of law in the United States, and
Whebbas, The subject is one with whicn the Bar of each state should
deal through its own organization as an instrumentality of the State,
therefore
Be it Resolved, That the State Bar Associations represented in this
convention pledge themselves to such activities in their respective states
as may lead to the enactment of such legislation as shall v»t in the
Bar of each state the power to prescribe such qualifications for admission
to the Bar as may be deemed suitable.
Mr. Boot:
Mr. Chairman, I have to leave in 10 minutes to take a train;
may I ask the indulgence of this body to use five minutes of that
time ? There have been two kinds of suggestions made in oppo-
sition to the approval of the action taken by the American Bar
Association. One is in recognition of the serious evil with which
our Bar ought to deal. The evidence that has been produced
from many lips here during the past two days shows that this
nation, more than one-half of which has come to live in cities
where men know little of each other, can no longer maintain a
Bar of the quality and character that has built up this republic
in accordance with the customs and usages of earlier and simpler
times when men lived in rural communities and knew all about
each other. But the recognition of that fact distinctly made,
for example, by the gentleman from Florida, who proposed the
substitute a few minutes ago, is accompanied by a pious hope,
a resolution wholly ineffective to cure anything, just such as we
have been having for a quarter of a century before the American
Bar Association finally came to a concrete conclusion, which, if
adopted, will accomplish something. I think that the proposal of
my friend from Delaware, Mr. Marvel, is of the same general
character. It is to approve the standard but remove the standard
at the same time. Now, for heaven^s sake, do not let us stultify
ourselves. If there is something wrong, as there certainly is, let
us deal with it, and not use weasel words about it.
Another class of objection was illustrated this forenoon by my
friend, the former senator from Colorado, Mr. Thomas, for
whom I have had for 40 years or more, since we first met in the
SPBOIAL OONFBBBNOB OK LBOAL EDUOATION. 683
Supreme Court of the TTnited States, not only great adn>iration,
but warm friendship. Now my good friend was responding not
to a study of this subject, but responding to the natural reaction
of a man who rather dislikes to have the old traditions of his life
interfered with by somebody else.
I am willing to admit that if you concentrate your attention,
as he did, upon Thomas and me, you do not need any cure. We
are too old to be anything else. Wheneyer trouble comes it
comes in the fact that this Bar of ours is being filled up to the
brim at every term of court by thousands of young men whom
nobody knows anything about. And the question is how to get
a line on them so that you can keep the fellows out that are
merely tiTing to get an opportunity to blackmail and grind the
face of the poor, merely seeking an opportunity for more suc-
cessful fraud and chicanery by having a law shingle. How can
you let in the good fellows, the earnest, sincere fellows, and
keep out the black scoundrels of the future ? I have not heard any
suggestion that takes the place of saying that you shall have a
period, in the nature of a period of probation, where two things
shall happen to you ; where you shall be tmder the observation
of men whose testimony regarding your daily walk and conversa-
tion will be accepted as proving whether you are the right stuff
or not, and the other that you shall be under such conditions
that you will be taking in through the pores of your skin Ameri-
can life and American thought and feeling.
My friend Thomas did not do himself justice in the story
about the banker who said, ^' Damn your religion, show us your
collateral.^' That is not his character. That did not^come from
Thomas. That did not come from his heart. It came from the
nature of the proposition that he was arguing and I am against
it. God forbid that that shall be the principle applied to build-
ing up the American Bar of the future. Above all the stocks
and bonds that can be made into collateral, stands as a guarantee
of the future of our great and prosperous country, the character
of the men who come to be called to the Bar. I hope sincerely
that this Conference of men who hold dear the good name and
the prosperity and the moral qualities of the communities and
states from which they come, will not here vote to stop the only
effort the Bar has ever made to answer the prayers of the good
584 SPBOIAL 00K7BBBN0B ON LBQAL BDUOATION.
people who want our country better^ and to answer the terrible
responfiibility that rests upon it to maintain the free institutions
which axe to perpetuate liberty and order in our dear country.
All that the opposition here comes to is simply to stop^ to stop !
to do nothing I stop the American Bar Association^ disapproYe
them, tell them they should do nothing 1 How much better,
instead of beating OTsr the prejudices and memories of a past
that is gone^ it is to take dear old Edward Everett Hale's maxim,
^^ Look forward, not back ; look upward, not down, and lend a
hand/'
Chairman Davis :
The pending motions will be put in order. The first question
is on the substitute offered by the gentleman from Florida,
Mr. Ellis. As many as axe in favor of that substitute will say
"Aye.*' Contrary,'*' No.'' The " No's " have it and the substi-
tute is lost.
The motion is now upon the amendment offered by the gentle-
man from Delaware, Mr. Marvel. As many as are in favor of
that amendment will say " Aye," contrary, " No." The amend-
ment is lost.
The next motion is the one offered by the committee, moved
by Judge Goodwin and seconded by Mr. Cohen. As many as are
in favor of the adoption of this resolution will say ''Aye."
Opposed, " No." The "Aye's " have it and the resolutions are
adopted.
Mr. Cohen :
I offer the following resolution, and I ask that, in view of the
fact that this calls for action on the part of the delegates and
alternates, attention be paid to it. It is the only other resolu-
tion that will be offered on behalf of the committee :
Resolved, That the delegates and alternates from each state shall
nominate one person to represent the State on a committee to be known
as "The Advisory Committee on Legal Education of the Conference
of Bar Association Delegates/' The duty of the Committee shall be to
advise and cooperate with the Section of Legal Education and Admis-
sions to the Bar of the American Bar Association to* promote the adop-
tion of the standards of legal education and admission to the Bar
approved by this Conference, and encourage the improvement of legal
education.
BPBOUL OONKBRBNOB ON LBOAI« BDUO^TIOK. 688
W. A. Hayes^ of Wisconsin :
Mr. Ghairman^ I think the brief motion I am about to make
is appropriate. There is ill in the city one oi the great
men of the country and one of its great citizens and one who had
been one of its great public servants. I refer to the gentleman
who is a great educator and who^ 28 years ago^ appeared before
the Section of Legal Education of the American Bar Association
and delivered a most learned and stirring appeal for the broader
education of the members of the Bar. I move a rising vote of
sympathy for the early and complete recovery of former Presi-
dent Woodrow Wilson.
(A rising vote of sympathy was extended to Ex-Ptesident
Wilson.)
The Conference thereupon adjourned.
At the dinner following the Conference on February 24, 1922,
addresses were made by Cordenio A. Severance, of Minnesota;
Harry M. Daugherty, Attorney General of the United States;
William L. Prierson, former Solicitor General of the United
States and George Wharton Pepper, U. S. Senator from Penn-
sylvania.
William Draper Lewis, of Pennsylvania, then presented the
following paper entitled : '' A Method of Bringing Law School
Students in Touch With Practicing Lawyers of High Profes-
sional Ideals.*'
We often hear it said that young men coming to the Bar today
are ignorant of, or indifferent to, correct standards of pro-
fessional conduct. But I wonder if those who have not had
frequent contact with young lawyers, other than those employed
in the best law ofiBces, know how serious conditions really are.
All but the first six years of my professional life have been spent
as a law teacher in a large city. I therefore know the average
young lawyer. I do not say that conditions are worse or better
than they were 25 years ago. In my own city of Philadelphia
perhaps they are slightly better; but that is only one city, and
the facts may justify the very general feeling that moral con-
ditions at the Bar are not improving. Neither do I know
whether the average morals of those now being admitted to the
686 SPBOIAL OONFEBSNOB ON LBGAL BDUOATION.
Bar are better or worse than the morals of the older members of
the Bar. The young man about to be admitted has not yet had
an opportunity to promote needless litigation^ swindle his clients
or deceive the court. But I do know that present conditions are
serious — ^more serious than most of you realize. Many law
students today being admitted to the Bar lack that informed
conscience and will to maintain high standards of conduct which
are essential if they are ever to become as lawyers what they
should be — ^promoters of justice.
There are three forces which tend to make better the moral
character of the law student — ^hard legal study^ a knowledge of
legal ethics and personal contact with lawyers of high character.
The mere fact that one man knows more than another does
not of necessity make him more sensitive to moral impulse.
Mastery of the science of the law, however, comes only with hard
study, and the student who acquires the habit of working out a
legal di£5culty until he solves it usually acquires at the same time
moral integrity. The man who as a law student is unwilling to
be dishonest with himself, refusing to pretend to know when he
knows he does not know, as a lawyer is rarely dishonest in his
dealings with court or client. Hard students who acquire a real
mastery of the law are occasionally rascals, but not often. It is
a frequent experience, and one of the satisfactions of the life of
a teacher of law, to see the indifferent yoxmg man of the first
year, as his interest in his studies increases, grow stronger
morally as he grows stronger intellectually.
Again, full knowledge of the ethics of the profession is of
course important. The moral impulse to do right is of little
avail if the conscience lacks a knowledge of the right. Rules of
correct professional conduct are or ought to be the result of
practical experience of that conduct which tends to promote the
administration of justice. Some of these rules of conduct come
to us instinctively, but others and their reasons have to be ex-
plained. Bar associations are, therefore, amply justified in in-
sisting that law schools conduct formal courses in legal ethics,
even though the experience of most law teachers shows that it is
not less important, as occasion arises in the course of class-room
instruction on matters of substantive law practice, to drive home
W ethical rule by a practical illustration.
8PBCIAL OONFBRBNGS ON LEGAL BDUOATIOK. 687
Formal instniction in correct professional conduct^ howerer^
as well as practical illustrations of the application of ethical
mles^ will often fall on barren soil^ unless the law student is
subjected to the third force to which I have referred — ^personal
contact with lawyers of high professional ideals. For good or ill
our moral character is affected — in most cases profoundly and
permanently affected — ^by the impressions made on us as boys
and young men by parents, teachers and friends. There is no
educational substitute for the effect on law students of personal
contact with lawyers who themselyes jealously maintain the best
traditions of the profession. All present systems of legal educa-
tion fail to provide adequately for this contact.
The office system of legal education always had its serious
defects as a method of teaching principles of law. But when
the lawyer, even in the cities, usually had his office on the ground
floor of his dwelling, when the non-existence of typewriter,
stenographer and the title insurance company, made the student
who could copy legal forms of some real use to his preceptor, the
office system did supply this important element of personal con-
tact between present members of the Bar and those who were
seeking admission to the profession. The preceptor came into
personal contact with the law student, and the law student not
only knew his preceptor well, but in connection with his pre-
ceptor's business acquired an acquaintance with other members
of the Bar.
Legal education in the past 40 years has made great advances.
The graduates of our schools, even of those schools not ordinarily
considered of particularly high grade, probably know more law,
and have a clearer understanding of legal principles, than most
of the students admitted to the Bar from 1825 to 1876. As
stated, however, our present systems of legal education lack what
the office system in its best days had — ^the element of personal
contact between the Bar and the law student. We are admitting
each year hundreds of young men who cannot be said to know a
single member of the Bar or the court to which they are ad-
mitted; indeed, in our larger cities there are many young mem-
bers of the Bar who may practice for several years without having
any real personal acquaintance with any lawyer whom a judge,
mindful of good legal traditions, would think of appointing a
s
588 SPBCIAL CONFEBENGS ON LBGAL EDUOATION.
member of a Bar admission committee. And yet, in spite of this
fact, some lawyers wonder why so many young practitioners look
upon the practice of law afi a mere money making trade.
The important task of those who wonld do something to
strengthen the moral character of law students is to restore to
our system of legal education this element of personal contact
between students and lawyers of high professional ideals, without
losing what we have gained on the intellectual side by the estab-
lishment of the good law school. There is no reason why tliis
should not be done, provided the Bar recognizes the importance
of doing it, and also recognizes two facts; first, that it cannot
be done by restoring in whole or in part the system of law student
registration in a lawyer's office; and, second, that it cannot be
done by throwing the responsibility for doing it entirely on the
law schools.
The system by which a young man learned law in a law office
has beed dead for decades. The illusion that it still exists is one
of those things that impede legal educational progress. To sit
in a lawyer's office and read a law book, or to act as his typewriter
or stenographer, is not to ** go through a law office '* in the old
sense of the word. The so-called office student of today learns
his law not in the law office, but in the afternoon or evening law
school. The law student has not left the law office, the law office
has left the law student. In the modern law office there is a
place for a typewriter, a bookkeeper and a' clerk; there is a very
real place for the law school graduate who is well-grounded in
legal principles and knows how to find the law; but there is no
place at all for the young man who wants to sit around and pick
up the odds and ends of practice whik he reads examination
cram books or good or bad legal text-books. To attempt to
secure some personal contact between the Bar and law students,
by requiring that part of the student's time shall be spent in a
lawyer's office is worse than useless. In most cases personal
contact between preceptor and student will not result, and in
many of the few cases in which it will be secured the contact
will not be morally stimulating to the student. Most law
teachers will testify that the student on whom no moral impres-
sion can be made is the student who is having some ''experi-
ence " in a law office, the reputation of which is not all that can
8FB0IAL OONFBBBNOB OK LBOAL HDUOATION. 589
be desired. Furthermorey the lequirement of office registration
may be so worded as to prevent, or mBke it difficulty for the
student to obtain adequate legal training in a good law school.
On the other hand^ as stated^ we cannot throw the responsi-
bility for introducing into our modem legal system the element
of personal contact entirely on the faculties of our law schools.
True, any teacher of law worthy of the position he holds can
count among his students many whose personal friendship he
will always retain. The nimiber of students, however, which any
law teacher can really know is limited; and what is more to the
point, this limit falls far short of the number he can teach with
efficiency. Thus a group of six or seven resident law teachers,
that is, teachers, who are not in active practice and who devote
their time to their work as teachers, can instruct with reasonable
efficiency from 300 to 500 law students. On the other hand,
they cannot really know that number, neither can any one of
them really know one-sixth of that number. What actually takes
place in our leading law schools today ia that there is in each
school a group of 20 to 60 students who have a more or less
intimate personal acquaintance with one or more members of the
faculty. The remainder, among whom are many of those who
need the influence of personal acquaintance the most, do not
have it. This is not the fault of our law teachers. * You cannot
expect law teachers to carry on the research and study necessary
to teach their subjects effectively and also to have time to come
into distinctly personal contact with a large number of their
students.
And there is another reason why even the more modern law
school cannot of itself fuUy supply this essential l^al educa-
tional element of personal- contact between law student and
lawyer. Grant that the man who devotes himself to teaching
law is as a rule a better teacher than the man who has to free bis
mind from the cares of his practice before be enters the class-
room; grant that today among law teachers will be found some
of the best known and leading members of the legal profession ;
the fact remains that the profession, though a learned profession,
is primarily a profession composed of practitioners, and the
young man coming to the Bar of a particular court should know
and be known by some at least of those who already form the
690 SPECIAL CONFEBBNCB ON LBGAL EDUCATION.
Bar of that court. We must not forget that the old office system
at its best not only brought the law student into contact with his
preceptor^ but gave to the leaders of the Bar some knowledge of
the young men studying for admission in the various offices.
The problem of introducing into our legal educational system
the element of personal contact between law students and mem-
bers of the Bar of high professional ideals^ while it cannot be
solved by attempting to return in whole or in part to the old
office system^ or by throwing the responsibility for solving it on
the schools^ can I believe be solved by a united effort on the part
of bar associations and law faculties. The definite suggestions
I am about to submit may be def ective^ but I have a firm belief
that only by cooperation between interested members of the Bar
and law teachers can we surround the modem law student with
those influences which will tend to create in him an effective
desire to maintain the best traditions of our profession.
My suggestions are these :
1. State or local courts or state or local bar associations^ as
may best suit particular conditions^ to appoint legal educational
committees : In large centers of population^ the number of the
members of the committee to be about one-tenth or one-fifteenth
the average number of registered law students in the territory
for which the committee is appointed.
2. No person of whose moral character the committee is not
reasonably assured to be allowed to register or continue to be
registered as a law student^ or to be given the right to take a
final examination for admission to the Bar.
3. All applications for registration as a law student to be
made to the committee^ no applicant to be registered until a
report has been made to the committee concerning him by a
member of the committee especially appointed to become per-
sonally acquainted with him.
4. On registration each student to be assigned to a member
of the committee ; a substantially equal number of students be-
ing assigned to each member. The duty of the member to whom
a student is assigned beings to keep in touch with him^ become
acquainted with him^ obtain reports concerning him from the
faculty of the law school he attends^ and make annually a report
concerning him to the committee.
SPBOIAL OONFBBBNOB ON LBGAL SDUOATION. 691
5. The committee from time to time to arrange for receptions,
dinners, or other joint meetings of the members of the com-
mittee, the r^stered law students and such members of the
Bench and Bar as may be invited ; such meetings as far as prac-
ticable to be arranged at Christmas or other law school vacation
period, so that they may be attended by the students without
interference with their studies.
6. The committee to take any other steps they may deem
advisable to promote a real acquaintance with and a correct pro-
fessional feeling among those studying for the admission to Bar.
If these suggestions have any value, it is not that in practice
their operation will keep all undesirables from the Bar, but
rather that their operation will t^id to make those who are
admitted aware of the tone and spirit which should guide a
member of our profession in his relations with courts, with other
members of the Bar, and with the public.
The moral educational importance of personal contact between
the best now at the Bar and the law student can hardly be
exaggerated. Do you wish to maintain the law as a profession ?
Then realize: You cannot maintain the practice of the law as
a profession unless you have among the members of the Bar
ideals of service and of courtesy. You cannot maintain these
ideals unless those lawyers who now have them are willing to
take of their time to see that the young men who seek admission
to the profession are thrown imder influences which will tend to
produce them. The responsibility for the morals of law students
should not be thrown entirely on the law schools. As a law
teacher, I tell those of you who are on the Bench or in active
practice that in our work of teaching law vre need your friendly
counsel and advice ; but that in creating about our law students
the proper moral professional atmosphere we need more than
that^— we need your intelligent cooperation and help. The sug-
gestions here made may be faulty. If so, modify them. But let
us start here in this Conference to get together to do something
to strengthen the moral character of the future members of our
profession.
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
SEVENTH ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF BAR
ASSOCIATION DELEGATES*
Attendance at the meeting of the Conference of Bar Association
Delegates held in San Francisco, Aug. 8, 1922, was larger than
ever before, except when the Conference held its special meeting
to discuss legal education in Washington, D. C, in February,
1922, and a larger number of associations were represented.
The number of delegates who registered was 297. The Asso-
ciations represented included the American Bar Association, the
Bar Associations of Hawaii, the District of Columbia and forty-
four states; ninety-two local associations were represented. The
British Columbia and the Vancouver Bar Associations were also
represented by guests of the Conference. In 1921 there were
a total of 210 delegates representing forty state and seventy-six
local associations within the United States.
Chairman Clarence N. Goodwin presided over the Conference.
The following officers were elected for the ensuing year:
Chairman, Charles A. Boston of New York City; Vice-Chair-
man, W. H. H. Piatt of Kansas City, Mo.; members of the
Council, Clarence N. Goodwin of Chicago and Jefferson P.
Chandler of Los Angeles ; Secretary, Herbert Harley of Chicago ;
Treasurer, Nathan William MacChesney of Chicago. The mem-
bers of the Council who continue in office ajre: Elihu Boot,
Thomas W. Shelton, Julius Henry Cohen, Stiles W. Burr,
William V, Eooker and Thomas J. O^Donnell.
In his opening address Chairman Goodwin paid a deserved
tribute to Mr. Elihu Boot, to whose foresight the creation of
the Conference was due. This was the first time that the Con-
*The list of delegates from State and Local Bar Associations, regis-
tered at the seventh annual Conference of Bar Association Delegate^
follows these proceedings. See page 600.
(602)
BAB ASSOCIATION DELBGATBS. 593
ference had ever met without the attendance and active support
of its founder. Judge Goodwin said, in part:
It was not in his opinion sufficient that the American Bar Association
should meet, discuss in an academic way great problems of Judicial
administration, enjoy the pleasure of meeting old friends and congenial
associates and depart inspired with the spirit of the meetini^. To his
active, energetic and dominant mind, these things meant nothmg unless
th^ resulted in action. He had and has the clearest vision of the defects
in our administration of justice and the shortcomings in the Bar itself,
and his mind eagerly sought and seeks a means by which these defects
and shortcomings may be speedily remedied. It was quite characteristic
of the man that he should see uiat they could never be remedied by
the annual meetings of the distingui^ed members of the American Bit
Association, imless those meetings could result in the active efiforts on
the part of state and local bar associations everywhere to bring about
better conditions in the courts and at the Bar
Elihu Root has through his untiring seal creaied in this Conference
a great national institution which has become the very right arm of the
American Bar Association of which he is so loyalbr a son. We regret his
absence but I seise upon this present opportimity which his absence gives
to pay this small tribute to his great genius and self-sacrificing zeal.
I have referred to the Washington Conference particularly because
it is a milestone along the path of the American Bar Association in its
efforts to bring about imity of action on the purt of the bar afsociations
of the country.
Lack of progress in securing better conditions in judicial administra-
tion and Bar conditions has not been for want of persistent efforts on
the part of the Bar associations of the country. It has been rather because
those efforts were not co-ordinated, were spasmodic and lacked that
unitv of action necessary to success.*
The American Bar Association, however, when it had reached definite
conclusions in regard to the matter of higher standards of legal educa-
tion had the vision to see that nothing definite could be accomplished
without the co-operation of the state and local bar associations.
Address by M. Aubbpin.
The morning session of the Conference was addressed by the
distinguished representative of the Bar of Paris, M. Aubepin,
whose description of his own Bar and the requirements for
admission to practice was especially pertinent
The Bar of Paris, the speaker said, is governed by a council
of twenty-four who must have been at least ten years in practice,
but who usually have been in practice for twice as long. The
council and its presiding officer, the b&tonnier, exercise entire
control over admission and discipline. Applicants must pursue
legal studies for three years after obtaining college degrees. An
inquiry into their moral qualifications is conducted by a com-
mittee of the Bar. They are admitted to practice in the courts
because they have been received first by the Bar*
594 PBOGEEDINGS OF THB SBVBNTH ANNUAL OONFEBBNOE OF
Members are subject naturally to continuing discipline and
it is a duty of the bUtonnier to take cognizance of any reported
delinquency. He will cause an investigation to be conducted,
and the report may lead to trial before the council or a committee.
If found guilty there will be admonition, suspension or expulsion,
depending upon the gravity of the offense.
While an ancient body and one controlled largely by tradition,
the Paris Bar, said M. Aubepin, is entirely democratic. Its
members elect their governing board, and no person can presume
to practice law who is not a member of their body.
Report on Bab Organization.
On behalf of the Committee on Bar Organization, Chairman
Goodwin presented a report of unusual interest, since it intro-
duced a most fruitful idea and also told of encouraging progress.
The new proposal is to create, in any integrated state Bar, a
legislative council, not to take any part in the government of
the Bar, but to take the initiative in formulating legislative pro-
grammes. It is proposed that this Council be made up of the Bar
Governors, the lawyer members of the legislature, the Attorney
General, and, if he be a lawyer, the Governor of the state.
The reasons for the proposal are best shown by quoting from
the report:
Justice is obviously the foundation of social order; without it nothing
is permanent — nothing is stable. Clearly Uie integritv of the lawyer is as
essential to successful judicial administration as the integrity of the
judge.
The lawyer's position as a public official requires immunity from in-
quisition on account of the confidential character of his relation to his
client, and freedom from espionage. The position thus assured him i)ut8
it in his i)ower, so long as he holds his office, to do evil with practical
impunity if he is so disposed, and to defeat the ends of jus^ce, particu-
larly in criminal cases. Subornation of perjury, spiriting away witnesses,
and similar crimes may be easily detected, but are almost impossible of
proof in criminal prosecutions. We, therefore, emphasize the point that
the poeseflsion of the office of lawyer gives the power to do wrongs against
society which threaten its very foundations.
We cannot, however, lessen the privileges of the office, or take away
from the saf^ards which protect communications between lawjrer and
client without giving judicial administration a tsrrannical aspect inimical
to dvil liberty. The lawyer must remain free and independent in the
exercise of his sacred office and it is, therefore, of paramount importance,
that the character of those who exercise its functions be free from
suspicion
The fact that the lawyer holds a public office by commission from
the state, makes it essential that there be lodged in the entire body power
to see that the functions of the office are properly performed, and that in
case of obdurate misconduct, the commisBion be speedily withdrawn.
BAR ASSOOUTION DEI.B6ATES. 595
We do not, ui this oountry, believe in the divine right of even a
President or Chief Justice to retain his office if he be guuly of miscon-
duct, biit we are confronted with the fact that the office of lawyer is
retained by many whose misconduct is notorious.
The experiment tried here for a hundred and fifty years has shown
that the Bar cannot be governed effectively through the Bench; the
experience of centuries elsewhere shows that the Bar can, when given
power, govern itself and make the word " lawyer " a badge of honor.
The Conference has recommended a Board of Bar Governors pref-
erably chosen by districts, given full powers of Bar government, and,
through control over funds paid into the state treastuy as license fees, the
means to carry on activities essential to the welfare of the Bar.
To this program your committee respectively suggests l^e addition of
a Council of the Bar to be composed of the Bar Governors, the lawyer
members of the legislature, the Attorney General of the state, and the
Governor of the state if he be a hkwyer, and that the function of this
council be to consider suggestions for the improvement of the adminis-
tration of justice and changes in methods of Bar government.
The thoi^t is inspired l^ the fact that the lawyers of the legislative
and executive branches of the government have through actual experi-
ence, in some cases extending over decades, an intimate knowledge of
tile history of judicial legislation which would make their counsel in*
valuable in the consideration of any proposal for better judicial adnuni»-
tration.
In the past we have in our bar associations taken up such proposals,
referred &em to committees, discussed them at annual meetings, and
finally, sometimes after years of consideration formulated them as bills
for legislative enactment, but have been shocked and grieved when the
legislature which, of course, has the legal responsibility in the matter,
has dechned to accept our recommendations without investigation and
has been unable to find the time necessary for an independent investiga-
tion of its own.
When we have urged that our recommendations be accepted as the
representatives of the Bar, the legislators have replied by inconsiderately
pointing out the fact that we represent only a part of it and when we
have at times somewhat tactlessly suf^^ested that we represented the
beet elements in the Bar, the fact has been unpleasantly brought to our
consciousness that the majority of the lawyer legislators were not in-
cluded in our organization
Your committee, therefore, recommend that in any proposal for a
self-governing Bar, there be included a provision for a council of the
Bar made up in the manner suggested above, but it does not suggest
that such council should have any part in the government of the Bar —
a function whidi ought, in its judgment, to be left entirely in the hands
of its chosen representatives."
The report concludes with a report of progress in drafting or
introducing Bar organization bills in Alabama, Colorado, Florida,
Idaho, Kentucky, Louisiana, Michigan, New York, Oklahoma,
South Dakota and Tennessee. The proposal for a legislative
Council in addition to a Board of Governors comes at the right
time to be included in bills to be introduced in legislatures in
1923.
596 PROG&EDINGS OF THB SEVENTH ANNUAL OONFERBNOB OF
Go-OPBBATION Between Bas Assooutions.
The afternoon session was devoted to consideration of the
opportunity for a closer co-operation between the American
Bar Association and the state and local associations. President
Severance, having expressed the opinion that the American Bar
Association should ideaUy embrace the entire membership of
all the state associations, was appropriately chosen to lead the
discussion.
While holding that the time is not yet ripe for a complete
federation of the state associations with the American Bar Asso-
ciation, the speaker referred to federation as an ultimate goal
and recommended study of steps appropriate for the present
time. At the completion of President Severance's address there
were brief expressions of opinion from several delegates, one of
whom explained how the Washington State Bar Association had
effected a unitary membership with practically all of the county
associations in the state. The local associations had, by vote,
accepted a proposal from the State Bar and joined in a body.
The idea was expressed by several speakers that a lawyer should
pay his Bar dues but once a year and thus keep in good standing
in the American Bar Association, and his state and local asso-
ciation as well. It was also said that competitive solicitation of
membership should be rendered impossible, and that the local
association could best be trusted to exercise caution in passing
upon applications for membership.
The result of the discussion was adoption of a motion which
provided for a committee of five to " investigate and report on
means for better co-ordination of the efforts of bar associations
and its opinion on the practicability of federating the bar associa-
tions of the country.'* The retiring Chairman, Clarence N*.
Goodwin, has been made chairman of this committee.
Delegates' Koll-call.
While the roll-call this year brought out no new phases of
association activity, it was exceptionally interesting in showing
a widening influence on the part of the Conference, It became
manifest that the Conference sessions on legal education (Febru-
ary, 1922) were bearing abundant fruit already. Though les^
BAB ASSOCIATION DBUQATB8. 597
than half of the states had held assodation meetings between
Febmary and Angust^ there were a number in which favorable
action had been taken in respect to recommendations for admis-
sion requirements. In other states^ though outright endorse*
ment was withheld^ there was a far greater promise than could
• have been predicted only a year ago.
From yarious states came reports of progress in building up
sentiment favorable to Bar integration.
It was reported that in California the act recommended by the
Conference to prevent unlawful practice had been enacted, but
would not take eflEect until approved on referendum. The banks
and trust companies of the state are making an open campaign
against the measure. A resoli^tion^ drafted by Nathan W.
MacChesney, was passed to give the moral support of the Con-
ference to the California State Bar Association in its campaign
on behalf of the law.
Extension of Conference Work.
The scope of the Conference's activities is extended by two
resolutions. One, presented by Irvin V. Barth, of Si Louis,
provides lor a committee of five to assemble data in regard to
ways and means for securing the election of fit judges, to serve
as a clearing house of experience and ideas and to report ap-
proved methods to the Conference. Thus opens a great field of
effort which was first brought to the attention of the Conference
in 1921.
The other resolution was offered by William C. Sullivan of
Washington, D. C. It authorizes a committee to report plans
for more thorough examination into the character and qualifica-
tions of applicants for admission to the Bar. The discussion
indicated a feeling on the part of some delegates that the Wash-
ington meeting had dwelt too strongly on the need for intellec-
tual training, to the slighting of even more important qualifica-
tions of a moral sort. While study of means for determining
moral fitness is warranted, it is but proper to say that the Wash-
ington meeting did not slight the problem of moral fitness
as will be proved by reference to the proceedings. Mr. Boot
and several other speakers dwelt insistently upon the need for
moral qualifications on the part of applicants, and that was
698 PBOOSEDINOfi OF THB SKYBMrTH ANNUAL OONFSRBNGB OF
a main reason for demanding two years of resident college life.
Their theory was that this would promote moral discernment in
two ways: (1) By doing all that can be done environmentally;
and (2) by discouraging that common and pernicious type of
applicant who looks upon the practice of law as the shortest route
to a competence. The instinct for money making, when it is
dominant, should direct a young man into some branch of busi-
ness if the practice of law is reserved to those who devote five
years to study.
Chief Justicb Taft'b Addbbss.
The Chief Justice, in addressing the Conference, made a
powerful plea for Bar integration to the end that the responsi-
bility for reforms in the administration of justice may be dis-
charged. Nor did he overlook the duty of the Bench in this
respect. The following quotations will disclose the argument:
The Bar if oi^ganized, is an enormous instnunent for the cultivation
of proper public opinion with reference to subjects which are normally
within the field of the Bar and the Bendi, and it diould be a part of
the duty of every lawyer to see to it that he makes that influence as
strong as i)08BLble bv organisation and by contributiDg to arganisation.
That, I think was the idea of Mr. Root, and the idea of your present
Chairman, in doing what has been so effectively done in bringing about
this organisation, and meetings like this. It has been my great good
fortune to have been in London for three weeks this summer. I tried
to estimate the cause for the influence which the Enslicdi Bar exercises
over legislation, and especially laws calculated to make tiie administra-
tion of justice effective.
Of course there is a very great difference between our Bar and the
Bar of Great Britain, from the fact that the law officers of government
are by their ^stem necessarily a part of the majority in the House of
Commons ancl a part of that majoritv who usuaUy control in measures
looking to the improvement of judicial procedure. And, in the House of
Lords, the law lords — ^those who are Lords of Appeal in (Mdinaiy, the
retired chancellors and the acting Lord Chancellor — are all memDera of
that body, and can take direct part in the framing and introduction of
measures for the betterment of judicial procedure.
Thus, we see, the Bar is directly represented by their own leading
members in that body which makes the law of procedure and determines
the machinery for doin^; justice. Then, too, they have the four Inns of
Court, from one of which eveiy lawyer who comes to the Bar must be
called. These institutions, coming down from a time so remote that their
origin is not distinctly known, exercise an influence which makes for the
betterment of everything that the profession is interested in: in the
administration of justice, in the maintenance of the character of those
who are barristers — ^because they exercise a venr strict discipline upon
their members — and in the suggestions of needed reforms.
Now, we haven't those things. You can't build up overnight an institu-
tion of six hundred years' standing, but you can frame organisations
which shall represent the best opinion of ihe Bar, and those organisations.
BAB ASSOCIATION DELEGATES. 599
gentlemen, only continue to represent the best opinion of the Bar when
uie best members of the Bar regard it as their oonscientious duty to take
active part in the conduct of those organizations.
In pleading for such oiganizations we are not pleading for ourselves.
We can get along; but it is in the interest of the public that Uiese org^ant"
cations should influence public opinion for the betterment of the adminis-
tration of justice. ....
Gentlemen, the Bar is on trial. I do not wish to say this is a crisis,
that we have reached a parting of the ways, because that is too often
said on too many occasions. We are wprlung along and we are hoping
for better things. We can improve only step by step, but certainly we
can imi)rove if we will only build organizations whidi shall assist those
who strive to make things better, f(»r I accord that desire to legislatures
and to Congress. Help them by formulating a real public opinion of the
Bar through organizations so constituted that we shall have the right to
say that they represent the full, clear^ forcible opinion of that branch
of the community engaged in the administration of the law--4he Bench
and the Bar.^
I believe it is the business of the Bench to come close to the Bar
in matters of this sort. I know there are those who think that judges
should hold themselves in an isolated way on every subject, and only
decide the cases that come before them; but I do not agree with that
view. I think a judge may take an interest in matters of legal reform
and may be active in respect to it, without in any way demeaning himself
or interfering with the dignity of his office. It certainly does not
interfere with the weight of the testimony of a witness that he knows
something about the subject of which he is talking, and that he knows
it not from the mere theoretical side, but from actual practice and from
daOy contact with the operation of the machinery that has been furnished
by the le^ature for the doing of justice to all members of the
community.
Bbports from Delegates.
Upon motion of Mr. Marvel, of Wilmington, Delaware, pro-
vision was made for a report upon the proceedings of the Con-
ference by the delegates in attendance, to their respective asso-
ciations, a copy to be sent to the Chairman of the Conference.
^ By-Laws Amended.
The by-laws of the Conference were amended so as more clearly
to express the purposes of the Conference and to provide that
oflScers during their terms shall not need to be appointed as dele-
gates.
Herbert Harlet, Secretary.
REPRESENTATIVES OF AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION AND STATE
AND LOCAL BAR ASSOCIATIONS IN ATTENDANCE UPON
THE ANNUAL CONFERENCE HELD TUESDAY,
AUCUST 8, 1922.
Am«rioftn Bta AipooUtloa:
BoetoQ» Oharlei A.» New York, N. Y.
Butler, ObarleB Henry, Waahington, D.
a
Ncwlin, Gomej B., Loi Angdet, OaL
Smith, W«]ter George, Philadelphia, Pa.
Yoorbeea, John H., Biouz Falla, 8. D.
ALABAMA.
Alatama Btata Bar Aaaooiattm !
Oabaniai, E. H*, Birmingham.
Oooper, Lawrence, Huntsville.
Dixon, J. K., Talladega.
OUhMiB Oovnty Bar Aaaoolationt
Acker, William P., Annltton.
ARIZONA.
Arisona Btate Bar Aaaooiation:
Cnrlej, Frank B., Tucson.
Hartman, Francis M., Tucson.
Lavin, James P., Phoenix.
Ifarks, Bamett E., Phoenix.
ITortham Arisoaa Bar Aaaooiation:
Norrls, Thomas 0., Preaoott.
Tavapal County Bar Aaaooiation:
Baker, Arthur G., Prescott
Favour, A« H., Prsscott.
Lamson, Richard, Prescott.
AREANSAJ3.
Arkanaaa Bar Aaaooiation:
Hamiter, J. H., Little Rock.
CALIFORNIA
Alameda County Bar Aaaooiation:
Fitsgerald, Robert M., Oakland.
California Bar Aaaooiation:
Langdon, W. H., San Francisco.
Lawlor, William P., San Francisco.
Treano County Bar Aaaooiation:
Harris, W. K., Fresno City.
HawBon, Henxy, Fresno City.
Long Beaoh Bar Aaaooiation:
Clock, Ralph H., Long Beach.
Fisher, Eugene I., Long Beach.
Keeler, P. E., Long Beach.
Rosenfleld, Adolph B., Long Beach.
Loa Angelea Bar Aaaooiation:
Britt, B. W., Los Angeles.
Chase, Charles W., Los Angeles.
Hott, John O., Los Angeles.
Loa Angelea County Bar Aaaooiation:
James, Frank, Los Angeles.
Kemp, J(dm W., Los Angeles.
Young, Hilton E., Los Angeles.
ITavada County Bar Aaaooiation:
Armstrong, E. H., Grass Yalley.
Nilon, Frank IL, Nevada City.
Searla, Carroll, Nevada City.
Pasadena Bar Aaaooiation:
Horin, J. W., Pasadena.
Rowland, A, Lincoln, Pasadena.
Waldo, George E., Pasadena.
Biveraide County Bar Aaaooiation:
Craig, Hugh H., Riverside.
Estudllh, Miguel, Riverside.
Evans, Lyman, Riverside.
Baoramento Bar Aaaooiatiofi:
Butler, J. W. 8., Sacramento.
Devlin, Wm. H., Sacramento.
Hatfield, Y. L., Sacramento.
Ban Diego Bar Aaaooiation :
Biseholf, Henry J., San Diego.
Daney, Eugene, San Diego.
Mirow, William G., San Diego.
Moasholder, W. H., San Diego.
San Franeiaoo Bar Aaaooiation:
Bell, Golden W., San Francisco.
Harrison, Maurice E., San Francisco.
Hunt, WiUiam H., San Francisco.
Eidd, A. M., San Francisco.
Watt, RoUa B., San Francisco.
Ban Joaquin Couaty Bar Aaaoeiatioa:
Levinsky, Arthur L., Stockton.
Reudon, C. P., Stockton.
Banta Clara County Bar Aaaooiation:
Qosbey, P. F., San Jose.
O'Nen, R. E., San Jose.
Toho County Bar Aaaooiation:
Bailey, A. G., Woodland.
CANADA.
Canadian Bar Aaaooiation:
Baxter, Jno. B. M., St. John.
Davison, Geo. M., Yanoouver.
Martin J. B., MontnaL
(600)
REPREBSNTATiyBS ATTENDIKO ANNUAL OONFBBSNOB. 601
VftBooaTer Bmt Aipooiation;
Tftylor, S. S., Yanoouvtf.
COLORADO.
Colorado Bar AaaooUtion:
O'DonxMll, T. J., Dft&vor.
DoBTor Bar AMoeUtlon:
Lathrop, Ifaiy F., Denver.
CONKBOnOUT.
Oonaoetievt Btato Bar Aiiooiatloii:
Avetyt C L., Groton.
Broemitli, William, Bartford.
Day, Sdwaid M., Hartford.
Sartford County Bar Aaiooiation:
Broemith, William, Hartford.
Bey, Edward M., Hertford.
Now Haven Bar Aiaoeiation:
Beera, George E., New Haven.
DELAWARE.
Now Caatlo County Bar Aiaoolation:
Halfeyt J> P-i Wilmington.
DISTRICT OP COLUMBIA.
Diitrlot of Columbia Bar Aaiooiation :
Oanisi, Cbarlee F., Washington.
Chamberlin, Joatin HorrU, Waahington.
King, George A., Washington.
Sullivan, William a, Washington.
Taliaferro, Sidney P., Washington.
Womon'a Bar Aaiooiatioa:
Freebqr, Harriet, Washington.
Moyers, Ida IL, Washington.
Pike, Katharine R., Washington.
FLORIDA.
Florida Bar Aiaoolation:
Hampton, Hilton 8., Tampa.
Florida Btato Bar Aaiooiation:
Aztell, B. R., Jacksonville.
Oridilow, W. B., Shelby, Bradentown.
Hampton, W. W., Gainesville.
Hunter, William, Tampa.
Loftin, Scott M., Jacksonville.
JaokaonvUlo Bar Aaaoolattou:
Gibbe, Geofge Cooper, Jacksonville.
GEORGIA.
Atlanta Bar Aaiooiation:
Powell, Arthur Gray, Atlanta.
Ooorgia Bar AiaoolatiOB:
Gilbert, S. Price, Atlanta.
Powell, Arthur Gray, Atlanta.
Sibley, John A., Atlanta.
BaTaanali Bar Aaaoolation:
Oliver, Francis McDonald, Savannah.
HAWAII.
Hawaii Bar Aiaoolation:
Marx, BenJ. L., Honolulu.
IDAHO.
Idaho Btato Bar Aiioolatton:
Ailabie, James P., Ooeur d'Alene.
Bothwell, James R., Twin Falls.
Booth, O. M., PocateUo.
Hawley, James H., Boise.
ILUNOIS.
Chloafo Bar Aaiooiation:
Howe, Thomas Francis, Chicago.
MacCftiesney, Nathan WUliam, Chicagc.
Eaat Bt. Loula Bar Aaiooiation:
Whitnel, L. 0., East St. Louis.
Illiaola Bar Aaiooiation:
Goodwin, Clarence K., Chicago.
Hay, Logan, Springileld.
Montgomery, John R., Chicago.
Lawyeri Aiiooiatlon of ZUinoli:
Van Natta, John E., Chicago.
Shabad, Henry M., Chicago.
Xoultrio County Bar Aaiooiation:
Patterwn, C. R., Sidlivan.
Patont Law Aiaoolation of Ohloago:
Bamett, O. R., Chicago.
Plko CouBty Bar Aaiooiation:
Hlgbee, Harry, Plttsfleld.
Bockford Bar Aaiooiation ;
Early, A. D., Rockford.
INDUNA.
Indiana Btato Bar Aiaoolation:
Davis, Paul G., Indianapolis.
Ewbank, Louis B., Indianapolis.
Martindale, Charles, 'Indianapolis.
Moores, Merrill, Indianapolis.
Shirley, C. C, Indianapolis.
IndiaaapoUa Bar Aaaoolation:
Rooker, William Y. Indianapolis.
Fouatala County Bar Aaioolatloo:
Ratcliir, 0. B., Covington.
Grant County Bar Aaaoolation:
Heavllin, Roacoe A., Marion.
Howard Ooimty Bar Aiiooiatlon:
Kirkpatrick, Les J., Kokomo.
IOWA.
Dolawaro County Bar AiaooiatlOB:
Oarr, B. M., Manchester.
Hamilton County Bar Aaaoolation:
Martin, Wesley, Webster City.
Iowa Btato Bar Aaaoolation!
Devitt, James A., Oakaloosa.
Wisdom, Frank, Bedford.
608
AMBBIOAN BAfi AS800IATI0N.
Keokuk Bar AMooUtion:
Sawyer, Hawn I., Keokuk.
¥ahatka County Bar Aitooiatlon:
Yer Ploeg, 0., Oektlooea.
Xmoatlna Ooimty Bar Aitoelatlaii:
Devitt, J. F., Muoatlne.
Polk Oouity Bar Anodatlon:
Miller, Jeaw A., Dee Moinei.
KANSAS.
Lyoa Ckmaty Bar AMOolatlon:
Ganse, Heniy E., Bmporia.
Bliawnea Oounty Bar Aiaoolation:
Drenning, Frank O., T^ypeka.
KENTUOKT.
Franklin Oounty Bar Astociation:
WeitEel, George T., Frankfort
Santuoky Bar Aiaoolation:
Doolan, John O., Louisville.
Rutledge, Arthur Hiddleton, LoniflrHle.
LottliTlUe Bar Aiaoolation:
Rutledge, Arthur Middleton, Louifvllle.
LOUISIANA
Louiaiana Bar Aaaoolatian:
Hart, W. O., New Orleana
Lemann, Walter, DonaldsooTille.
Rice, Fraxer L., New Orleana.
Young, W. W., New Orleana.
Now Orleana Bar Aaaociatlon;
Spearing, J. Zacfa, New Orleana.
MAINE.
Maine State Bar Aaaoeiation:
Ritchie, Arthur.
MARYLAND.
Baltimore Oity Bar AaaooiatioBt
Hinkl«y, John, Baltimore.
Kemp, W. Thomaa, Baltimore.
Maryland State Bar Aaaoeiation:
Briacoe, John P., Prinoe Frederick.
Oorter, Jamee P., Baltimore.
Lamar, W. H., Rockrllle.
MASSAOHUSETTa
Bar Aaaoeiation of Oity of Boatoa:
Lowell, John, Boston.
Flail BiTor Bar Aaaoeiation:
BufflatoB, Harold & R., Fall ElTor.
Maaaaohuaetta State Bar Aaaoeiation:
Olapp, Robert P., Lexington.
Smith, Reginald Hever, Boeton.
Williaton, Samuel, Oambridge.
Middleaez County Bar Aaaoeiation;
Olapp, Robert P., Lexington.
MICHIGAN.
Detroit Bar Aaaoeiation:
Hull, Oicar a, Detroit.
Millia, Wade, Detroit.
Xiehigaa State Bar Aaaooiatioft:
Batea, Hemy M., Ann Aii>or.
Oorliaa, Jdtax B., Detroit.
Ooigrote, P. T., Haatinga
MINNB0OTA.
KeaaapiA County Bar Aaaoeiation:
Brown, Rome G., Minneqpolia.
Child, a B., Minneapolia.
Junell, J<^m, Minneapolia.
Mitchell, Morria B., Minneapolia.
Minneapolia Bar Aaaoeiation:
Shearer, Jamee D., Minneapolia.
Ward, DeForrcst, Fairmont.
Kinneaota State Bar Aaaoeiation:
Brown, Rome G., Minneapolia.
Bruce, Andrew A., Minneapolia.
Burr, Stiles W., St Paul.
Deutsch, Henry, Minneapolis.
Sanborn, Bruce W., St PauL
Baaiaey County Bar Aaaoeiation:
Burr, Stilea W., St Paul.
Famham, Gharleo W., St. PauL
Graves, William G., St Paul.
MISSOURI.
Kanaaa City Bar Aaaeeiatioa:
Harkleas, Jamee H., Kansas Oity.
Piatt, W. H. H., Kanaaa Oity.
Wylde, L. Newton, Kansas Oity.
Kiaaeuri Bar Aaaeeiation :
Boyle, Murat, Kansas City.
Cloud, W. H., Kanaaa City.
St Louia Bar Aaaeeiation:
Berth, Irvin V., 8t Lonia.
McQulUin, Eugene, 8t Louia.
MONTANA
Montana Bar Aaaeeiation:
Spaulding, O. A., Helena.
NEBRASKA.
Mebraaka State Bar Aaaeeiatioa:
Blackburn, Thoa. W., Omaha.
Ossaha Bar Aaaoeiation:
Yan Orsdel, B. A., Omaha.
NEYADA.
Nevada Bar AaaoelatieB:
Brown, Hugh Hemy, Tonopah.
NororQeB, Frank H., Reno.
Warren, Anna M., Reno.
Mye County Bar Aaaooiatle&;
Averfalll, Mark R., Tonopab.
BSPBBSSNTTATIVBS ATTENDING ANNUAL OONFSBBNOE. 603
Wathoa Oooaty Bmt AuooUtloii:
Maahbvm, Arthur Qnj, Bmo.
Summerfleld, Lester D., Beno.
Woo4bum, WiUluiit lUnob
NEW JBRSBT.
New Jnatff Bar AaMoiatlra:
Dumont, Wayne, Pat^noa.
Starr, Lewla, OBmrtro.
Lftwyer't Olub of Bimx Coiutj :
Sklxmer, Alfred F., Newark.
NEW MEZIOO.
New MflKloo Bfata Bar Aiaoolatlon!
Bowman, Harry S., Santa Fe.
Edward% A. M., Santa Fe.
NEW TOBX.
Alliany Bar Aatoolatloa:
Lawyer, George, Albany.
Albaay Oonnty Bar Aiaodatlon:
Wadhama, Fredorick E., Albany.
New York Olty Bar AMOolatioa:
Alexander, Oharlee B., New York CHty.
Burlingham, Ohaa. O., New York Olty.
Taft, Henry W., New York City.
New York Oonnty Aiaoelatlon of the
CMmlaal Bar:
Eoeenberg, Ely, Manhattan.
New York Oonnty Lawyeri Aaeooia-
tlon;
Boeton, Oharlee A., New York City.
Oohen, Jnllna Henryi New York City.
Taft, Henry W., New York City.
New York State Bar Aiioelation:
Bond, George Hopkina, Syracnae.
Hill, Heniy W., Buffalo.
Lewis, Ceylon H., New York City.
liaccorkle, Walter L., New York City.
Terry, Charlea Tliaddena, New York
City.
Oaoadaga Oonnty Bar AModatloBr
Bond, Geoige Hopkins, Syracnae.
BoOheater Bar Aiaodatlon:
O'Orady, James M. E., Bocbeeter.
Tompkins Oonnty Bar Aaaoolatlon:
Tarbell, George S., Ithaca.
NOBTH CAROLINA.
North Oarollna Bar Aaaoeiation:
Alexander, Julia M., Charlotte.
Person, W. M., Louiabuig.
Smith, B. L., Albermarle.
Thompson, Frank, Jacksonville.
NORTH DAKOTA.
Yonrth Jndlolal Dlatriot;
Ellsworth, S. E., Jamestown.
North Dakcrta Bar AaaeoistiM:
Bangs, Geo. A., Grand Fortes.
BrooBon, Harrison A., Bismarck.
Combs, Lee, Yall«y City.
OHIO.
Allen Oennty Bar Aieoolatton:
Mackenzie, Balph P., Lima.
Bntler Oennty Bar Aaeooiation:
Murphy, Clarence, Hamilton.
OiaeinaatI Baar Aaeooiation:
Pogue, Provinee M., Cincinnati.
Cleveland Bar Aieeeiatien:
Garfield, JiAm M., Olefeland.
Scott, Frank C, Cleveland.
Onyahoga Ooaatj Bar Aaaeoiatioa:
Yickery, WUlia, Cleveland.
Xahonlng Oonnty Bar Aaaoeiation:
Conroy, S. S., Youngstown.
Norwalk Bar Assooiatioa:
Craig, G. Ray, Norwalk.
Ohio State Bar Ajaoolatien:
Alcorn, Albert D., Cincinnati.
Clevenger, F. M. C, Wilmington.
Pomerene, W. B., Columboa.
OKLAHOMA.
Oklahoma Bar Aaaoolatloa:
Hagan, Horace H., Tulsa.
McPheraen, Charles E., Durant.
Wells^ Frank, Oklahoma City.
OREGON.
Lane Oonnty Bar Assooiatiott:
Hale, William G., Eugene.
Immel, E. 0., Eugene.
Oregon State Bar Aasoelatton:
Cohn, Charles 8., Portland.
Coshow, O. P., Roseburg.
Hale, William G., Eugene.
Kerr, James B., Portland.
Ridgway, Albert B., Yerlland.
PENNSTLYANU.
Allegheny Oennty Bar Aaaoelatlen :
WHght, J. Merrill. Pittsburgh.
Beaver Oonnty Bar Aiaoolatlon:
Moorhead, P. G., Beaver.
Blair Oonnty Bar Aeeeolatlen:
Patterson, Marion D., HoUidaysbarg.
Daaphln Oonnty Bar Aaeooiation;
Hargest, William M., Hairid»urg.
Delaware Oonnty Bar Aiaoolation:
Hannum, Howard E., Chester.
Law Aaeooiation of Philadelphia:
Merchant, Edward, Philadelphia.
ShidE, Bobert P., Philadelphia.
604
AKSBIOAN BAR A6B00IATI0N.
PenniylTa^da Bar AnooUtiOB:
Borneman, Heniy 8., Philadelphia.
Crawford, Wiafleld W., Philadelphia.
Hannum, John B., Chester.
HasEardy Yemon, Monongahela.
Martin, Bichard W., Pittsburgh.
Pittalnirg Bar Aiiociation:
Stem, A C, Pittsburgh.
SOUTH CAROUNA.
Bouth OaroUna Bar Aatoeiation:
Huger, Alfred, Charleston.
Otts, ConelioB, Spartanbotg.
Thomas, John P., Jr., OiAumbia.
SOUTH DAKOTA;
mnnahaha Oonnty Bar Aiaociatlon:
Teigen, Tore, Sioux Falls.
South Dakota Bar Aaiociatlon:
Cherry, U. S. G., Sioux Falls.
Hason, W. F., Aberdeen.
Patterson, E. O., Dallas.
TEN17ESSEE.
Chattanooga Bar Aaaoolation:
Swaney, W. B., Chattanooga.
Jaokaon Bar Aatooiation :
Newman, Claire B., Jackson.
TonneMoa State Bar Aiiooiatlon:
Owen, William A., Covington.
Swaney, W. B., Chattanooga.
TEXAS.
Texaa Bar Aiiooiation:
Britain, A. H., Wichita Falls.
Burges, William H., El Paao.
Cooke, day. Fort Worth.
Todd, Charles A., Texarks^ia.
Frank, D. A, Dallas.
UTAH.
Utah Stata Bar Aiaooiatioii:
Bagby, Emmett, M., Salt Lake City.
Lee, E. 0., Silt Lake City.
HacLane, John F., Salt Lake City.
YBBMONT.
Yermont Bar Aiaociation:
Button, Charles I., Middlebury.
Hagan, Geo. M., 6t Albans.
Young, George B., Montpelier.
YIROINIA
Norfolk Bar Aiaoolatlon:
Shelton, Thomas W. Norfolk.
Biohmond Bar Aiaooiatton:
Chichester, C. M., Richmond.
PejTton, Robert E., Jr., Richmond.
Yirglnia Stata Bar Aaaoclatlni:
Caton, Jas. B., Alenndrla.
Maasie, Eugene C, Richmond.
WASHINGTON.
XaiOB-ThiirttaB Ooiuty Stfur Aiioola-
tion:
Tyler, Albert W., Olympia.
Seattle Bar Aisoolatloii:
McLaren, W. G., Seattle.
Thorgrimson, A. B., Seattle.
Spokane Oonnty Bar Aaaoolation:
Hamblen, L. R., Spokane.
Kizer, B. H., Spokane.
Llndsley, Joseph, Spokane.
Waihington State Bar Aaaoolation :
Bates, Charles O., Taooma.
Cbadwick, S. J., Seattle.
Grady, Thomas E., TaUma.
Tolman, Warner W., Olympia.
Yakima Oonnty Bar Aaaoolation:
Delle, Lee C, Yakima.
WEST YIRGINLA.
Kanawha Oonnty Bar Aaaoolation:
Preston, John J. D., Charleston.
Weat Yirglnia Bar Aaaoolation:
Madden, Joeeph Warren, Morgantown.
WISCONSIN.
XUwankee Oonnty Bar Aaaoolation:
Hudnall, Geo. B., Milwaukee.
Lecher, Louis A., Milwaukee.
Baolne Oonnty Bar Aaaoolation:
Thompson, William D., Racine.
Waakeaha Oonnty Bar Aaaoolation:
Frame, H. J., Waukesha.
Wlaoonain State Bar Aaaoolation:
Owen, W. O., Madiaon.
Shea, William F., Ashland.
Thompson, William D., Racine.
WYOMING.
Wyoming State Bar Aiaoolatlon:
Kinkead, W. C, Cheyenne.
Bar Aasociations Represented, 147.
Delegates Registered, 297.
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
SECTION OF PATENT, TRADE-MARK AND
COPYRIGHT LAW
The Section met in annual meeting at Native Sons' Buildings
San Francisco^ California^ on August 9^ 1922^ at 2 P. M., the
Chairman of the Section^ A. C. Faul^ of Minneapolis^ Minnesota,
presiding.
The Chairman appointed William K. White, of San Francisco,
to serve as secretary of the meeting.
The Chairman appointed Messers. Whittlesey, Totten and
White, a committee to nominate officers of the Section and
a member of the council for the coming year.
Mr. Edward S. Rogers, as Chairman of the Trade-Mark Com-
mittee, submitted the report and recommendations of that com-
mittee in respect to a revised Trade-Mark Act The proposed
bill, as recommended by the committee, was amended by substi-
tuting, in Section 31 thereof, the words " used for the purpose of
identifying any merchandise or business " for the words " which
is entitled to registration under the terms of this act whether
registered or not."
The proposed bill, as so amended, was approved by the Section,
and the Chairman of the Section was instructed to submit the
same to the American Bar Association in connection with a reso-
lution authorizing the Section to present the proposed bill to
Congress as one endorsed by the American Bar Association.
Upon motion, the Trade-Mark Committee was instructed to
study the trade-mark laws of the several states and make a report
thereon at the next meeting of the Section.
Upon motion, the Chairman was instructed to appoint a
committee to study the patent statutes and make a report thereon
at the next meeting of the Section.
Upon motion, it was resolved: "That a committee be ap-
pointed to aid in the preparation of a bill providing for the grant
(806)
606 PATENT, TRADB-MABE AND OOPYBIOHT LAW.
of such compulsory licenses, if any, as may be necessary for the
national defense/'
Upon motion, the Chairman was instructed to call a special
meeting of the Section at Washington at a time to be designated
by the Chairman.
The Chairman was authorized to submit to the Committee on
Professional Ethics and Grievances the letter addressed to the
Chairman by the Honorable Commissioner of Patents in relation
to the recommendations of the said committee.
Upon motion, Mr. Edson's proposed resolutions were laid on
the table.
The nominating committee submitted the following nomina-
tions :
Chairman, Charles E. Brock, of Cleveland; Vice-Chairman,
Edward S. Eogers, of Chicago; Treasurer, Alfred M. Allen, of
Cincinnati; Secretary, Eugene Mason, of Washington; Member of
Council, Ellis Spear, of Boston.
The officers so nominated were thereupon elected.
There being no further business before the Section, the meet-
ing was adjourned sine die.
William K. White, Acting Secretary.
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
SECTION OF CRIMINAL LAW
The third annual meeting of the Section of Criminal Law of
the American Bar Association was held at San Francisco, Califor-
nia, Tuesday, August 8, 1922, at 2.30 P. M. and 8.30 P. M. in
Yosemite Hall, Native Sons' Building.
Thomas J. O'Donnell, of Colorado, presided at both sessions.
Attorney General TJ. S. Webb, of California, delivered the
address of welcome. Among other things, he said " The world is
disturbed. Doubt and fear are abroad in the land. Confidence
has been shaken. Hope is impaired. And the re-establishment
of the conditions that existed a few years ago is imperative, and
it is well that the best minds of the nation be addressed to that
serious task. The National Bar Association, because of the pro-
fession and the position of its members, and because of its num-
bers, is in a better position to go forward in the accomplishment of
this work, in the shaping of policies, in the establishment and
recommendation of doctrines, than any other institution or con-
cern ; and no more important work will engage the attention of
any Section of the National Bar Association than that to which
the Criminal Section is addressing itself. The prevention, prose-
cution, and pimishment of crime is one of the most serious and
diflScult problems of government anywhere; and the success of
a government in dealing with crime marks to a large degree the
success of that government He then gave a most interesting
talk upon the duty of all citizens to stand behind the government
in the enforcement of the criminal law and particularly laid
stress upon the fact that mere technicalities should not overturn
a conviction of a criminal when it was demonstrated from the
evidence that the criminal was guilty of the crime charged. He
cited the California constitutional amendment which covered
this point and suggested that all of the states should write a
similar provision into their statute law.
20 (607)
608 PROCEEDINQS OF SECTION OF CBIHINAL LAW.
He extended to all of the members present a most cordial
welcome, and his speech was the keynote of the business subse-
quently considered.
Annette Abbott Adams^ of San Francisco, read a letter from
President Floyd E. Thompson, of Bock Island, Illinois. He
suggested that the Section cooperate with the American Institute
of Criminal Law and Criminology in formulating a plan which
may be uniformly adopted by the federal government and the
several state governments, by which vital statistics in crime may
be gathered and preserved.
Professor A. M. Kidd, of the University of California, opened
a general discussion on the three chief factors in the administra-
tion of justice. This was considered under the following heads :
1. The men by whom it is administered.
2. The machinery of legal and political institutions by which
they administer justice.
3. The environment in which they do so.
{For Discussion of Professor Kidd, see page 6H.)
At the conclusion of Professor Kidd's remarks a general dis-
cussion ensued in which Judge Pam, of Chicago, Judge Bruce,
of North Dakota, Judge Willis, of Los Angeles, Justice Carter,
of Illinois, and others participated.
The question of probation was carefully, considered in con-
nection with the so-called wave of crime, and the endeavors to
enforce the Prohibition Amendment. The entire meeting agreed
that the chief element in satisfactory probation was to secure
competent probation officers who would be given the proper pro-
tection of the law for their probationers in working out their
salvation and reclaiming them for a law-abiding life.
The indeterminate sentence also came in for careful con-
sideration in connection with probation, and the efforts to take
from judge or jury power to fix sentences. The most important
element considered was that when a prisoner was sentenced for
a minimum and maximum sentence, that unless it is for the
benefit of society, he should not automatically be placed on parole
at the expiration 6f the minimum sentence. He should be held
until it is safe for him to return to society, whether that be at
PBOCSBDINQS OF SECTION OF CRIMINAL LAW. 609
the expiration of the minimum sentence or until he has com-
pleted the maximum.
The Section thereupon adopted the following resolutions:
It has been said that " The three chief factors in the administration of
justice are: (1) the men by whom it is administered; (2) the machinery
of legal and political institutions by means of which they administer
justice; and (3), the environment in which they do so." It is the
second factor that offers by far the greatest possibilities of legislative
change, the limits of effective action being conditioned, however, by
the other factors. These factors have been thoroughly analyzed in
the study from which the above quotation is taken, "Criminal Justice
in Cleveland." The time is ripe for a comprehensive restatement
of the criminal law. The Italians have already begim the task. We
therefore urge the preparation of a uniform code of criminal law
and procedure, and suu^est that this Section cooperate for this pur-
£ose with the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State
aws, with the American Institute of Criminal Law and Criminology,
and with other interested bodies.
It is realized that the foregoing program will take vears for com-
pletion, and that in the meantime there are certain defects which can
be remedied. It is, therefore, recommended that the following princi-
{)les be affirmed and that this Section draft or procure the drafting of
aws to put these principles into effect, and report at the next annual
meeting.
I. That it be possible to dispose of a criminal case finally on a plea
of guilty at the preliminary examination, and that after a plea of not
guilty an information be filed immediately at the conclusion of the
preliminary hearing.
n. That an habitual offender's act be passed, making it possible for
habitual offenders and recidivists to be detained as long as necessary.
III. That all sentences be indeterminate.
IV. That probation and parole be centered in a board. That this
board be provided with the necessary medical, psychiatrical, and
sociological assistance to find out the character of the men that they
are dealing with; that institutions be provided, sufficient in number
to protect the public, and sufficiently diversified to afford the most
effective treatment in the different classes of offenders.
•
Chief of Police August Vollmer, of Berkeley, California, ad-
dressed the Section as follows :
I am speaking as an ordinary, everyday cop, without the scien-
tific training which you gentlemen have, and without the knowl-
edge of the law which you possess ; but, as one of the policemen
dealing with the practical problems of everyday criminal life.
We in the police field recognize the fact that justice is ratlier
slow. We believe, however, that there is no necessity for making
any great changes. We have rather an optimistic feeling that,
after all, the American people will solve their problems in the way
they have always solved them. We don't believe that agitators
6l0 PftOCKEDlNGS OF 6£C1M0N OF CRIMINAL LAW.
are going to cut our country into halves, or that they have a
panacea for all our ills.
In speaking of criminal statistics^ we mean the actual num-
ber of crimes committed in a community, not the number of
arrests, necessarily. What we want to know is how many mur-
ders are committed, say in the City of Detroit, how many bur-
glaries, and how many robberies, so that we may compare those
crimes with the years gone by, and with the increase in popula-
tion ; and then there is some chance for us to determine whether
or not there has been any increase in criminal conditions in a
given community. As a matter of fact, under the unified court
system now in vogue, in Detroit, they have decreased crime in
that city just 58 per cent. If a man can be brought in today,
charged with a felony, and the following day be committed to
the penitentiary or to a receiving institution, it would seem that
the people of the community should be satisfied with that type
of justice. It is certainly rapid enough. I would suggest that you
study the imified court law in Detroit and determine whether
it will apply to the rest of the country.
As practical men, we recognize the fact that every individual
here differs in temperament. Those temperamental qualities
alone are probably sufficient for some of us to be committed to
institutions. We all have the same basic instincts, but the
strength of those instincts differs in all of us. Some of us have
a very highly developed pugnacious instinct, others a well de-
veloped acquisitive instinct, and so on. As I say, these instincts
differ in every individual, and they make up the differences in
our dispositions; and our dispositions arie frequently the cause
of individuals being committed to institutions.
It has been said that for every impulse there is either action
or reaction. Every time we feel an impulse to do something
there is a negative tendency not to do it. N"ow, in some individ-
uals we see an absolute lack of control of the will, or what may
be called a defect in the volitional field, and they do things which
they recognize as wrong; they strive with all their might not to
give way to the impulses, and after they have given way to them
they experience a feeling of relief.
We recognize from studies that have been made that defects
in intelligence may be wholly responsible for an individual's
PBOCEBDINGS OF SECTION OF CBIMINAL LAW. 611
delinquency. Again^ delinquency may be due entirely to an
individual's environment ; early in his lif e^ due to the fact that
he hadn^t been taught habits of industry^ obedience, or truth-
fulness^ he started on the road which finally led him into the
hands of the police. When we consider all of the inherent quali-
ties^ and consider them also in relation to the individual's en-
vironment, we know that there must of necessity be diflEerent
types of individuals.
How can a court under the present state of affairs pass judg-
ment upon a person unless it knows all of the factors of heredity
and environment that are behind that individual? Doesn't
it seem reasonable, doesn't it appear sensible, for us to study the
individual in his entirety? And that can only be done by men
scientifically trained to do it. The human mind is very complex,
and there are so many causes to be considered in connection
with misbehavior that it is utterly inconceivable that any person
can know all about a human being in the few minutes he appears
before the judge in court; and I believe, that every man who is
brought before the bar of justice should be tried for the act.
Did, or did he not, commit the offense? And the question of
his responsibility should be a matter to be passed on later, after
the trial, and after the offender has been committed to an insti-
tution for study. If the man can be reclaimed, place him back
in society and give him a chance, not the chance as we know it
today, but without tlie stigma of a felon. Send the delinquents
to a receiving institution where there is a specialist in human
behavior. It is necessary, however, to provide the right type
of institutions under scientific management for that work.
Captain Duncan Matheson, of the San Francisco Police De-
partment) gave a most interesting experience of police work in
the California metropolis. He emphasized the errors that had
been made in legislation to try and cure the ills of the body
politic. He recommended repealing all laws passed in the last
twenty-five years, and to start a new period. He suggested three
necessary elements in solving the problem of crime, education,
housing, and religion. To establish the old religious life again,
and to go back to the old home life, would keep many of our
boys' from going into the penitentiary. The home training, the
612 PROGBSDINQS OF SBCTION OF CRIMINAL LAW.
religious instniction and full school education are the funda-
mentals on whi<;h we must work to solve the problem^
Others followed along similar lines, and those who took part
were W. H. Nicholl, Esq., of San Francisco, Judge Cole, of
Imperial Oounly, California, Judge Bardin, of Monterey, Cali-
fornia, and Chairman O^Donnell, and all added excellent con-
tributions to this discussion.
A motion was carried that a committee be appointed to con-
sider these facts and report on the same at the next annual
meeting.
At the evening session there were three most important papers
submitted for consideration and discussion.
Dr. John A. Larsen, of Berkeley, California, addressed the
meeting on '^ The Lie Detector and Other Deception Tests,*' and
illustrated the same with lantern slides of actual cases.
{For Address of Dr. Larsen, see page 619.)
He was followed by Dr. Herman M. Adler, Criminologist of
the Department of Public Welfare of the State of Illinois, who
spoke on " The Interests of Psychiatry in Crimiiial Procedure.'*
{For Address of Dr. Adler, see page 6iS9.)
At the conclusion of his most interesting talk, Hon. Andrew
A. Bruce, Professor of Law of the University of Minnesota,
spoke on " The Possibilities and Limitations of Modern Medico-
Psychiatric Methods.** He compared the Lie Detector as a won-
derful thing for the probation officer or a man in the peniten-
tiary to experiment with, but was a little doubtful as to its
efficiency in a court of law as a positive basis for conviction or
acquittal. He very much doubted if you could get any jury to
pay any attention to a lie Detector, and compared such a trial in
court as to the old time "Trial by Ordeal.** Summing up, he
paid tribute to our present day methods and emphasized what
we need more than anything else is enough courts, with the
proper officials, to honestly enforce the law.
The following officers were elected for the year:
Chairman, Floyd E. Thompson, Eock Island, Illinois; Vice-
Chairman, William 0. Hart, New Orleans, Louisiana; Secre-
tary-Treasurer, Edwin M. Abbott, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
PR0CEEDIKQ8 OF 8B0TI0N OF GBIMINAL LAW. 613
Council : Roscoe Pounds Chairman, Cambridge, Massachusetts ;
John G. Buchanan, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Frank G. Den-
ning, Topeka, Kansas; W. H. Clifton, Aberdeen, Mississippi;
F. B. Orossley, Chicago, Illinois; Lawrence McDaniel, St. Louis,
Missouri; Annette Abbott Adams, San Francisco, California;
Thos. J. O'Donnell, Denver, Colorado; M. A. Bdd, Berkeley,
California.
Both meetings were well attended, and the discussions were
most helpful and enjoyed by everyone present.
Edwin M. Abbott, Secretary.
THE ADMINISTRATION OP JUSTICE.
BY
A. M. KIDD,
OF THE tJNIVEBSITT OF CALIFORNIA, BEBSXLEY, CAL.
The remarks of our President on the subject of criminal
procedure are Veil taken. The subject is a difBcult one, and,
above all, we must avoid nostrums and hasty Remedies in seeking
its solution. Mention is made in the resolutions of the analysis
made of conditions in Cleveland., Of coure, it would be a mis-
fortune to have an epidemic of surveys such as that, because,
while Cleveland is not the same as New York, and New York
is not the same as Los Angeles, and Los Angeles is not the same
as Chicago, nevertheless there is so much in common that really
you can read page after page of one survey and gain a general
idea of all, and by substituting at the top the name of your own
city in place of Cleveland, you have a picture of your local con-
ditions.
As General Webb spoke, there occurred to me one of the dangers
which was pointed out in that survey of Cleveland, one diflSculty
in the way of reform, and that is the common mode of thinking
which seeks to explain everything by one cause, and to cure
every ill by some one sovereign remedy. As General Webb
referred to the development of appellate practice in this state,
I remembered that when that constitutional amendment was
first suggested, some three or four years before it was put before
the people, intelligent and educated men insisted that the whole
trouble with our criminal procedure was the fact that appellate
courts reversed convictions. When I questioned that, they
seemed to think there was something wrong with me, and they
pointed to the English system. As a matter of fact, the English
didn't reverse criminal cases, very naturally, because they didn't
have any court of criminal appeals at the time. They didn't
get such a court until 1907, and since they organized it, they have
reversed far more cases than we have. As General Webb has
said, we have put California appellate procedure on a good foun-
(614)
A. K. KIBD. 616
dation. It is satisfactory. Of coiirse, there could be improve-
ments^ but on the whole it works well.
Now, where is the trouble? It is the work of some survey,
such as the Cleveland Survey, to point to the causes and to
point to the fact that there is no one cause. As Dean Found says,
^* the first thing is the men by whom the system is administered.^'
Changing the men isn't a matter of turning the rascals out of
ofBce and putting new ones in, but it is a matter of raising the
standards of admission to the Bar, better training in criminolbgy
of those who are to administer the criminal law, and other slow
acting remedies. The effects will not be apparent for years.
The third condition found in the resolutions is environment.
Some of you may be Socialists, others may be standpatters, and
you may have different' views as to the way in which environment
may be improved. We, as a Bar Association, or as a Section of
the Bar Association, can merely recommend changes in the
machinery of legal and political institutions by which in a given
environment the men who are administering the criminal law
will be able to act more e£Sciently.
So the point I should like to emphasize is this : To beware of
single causes. There are men today who will tell you that the
trouble with our system is that the defendant cannot be com-
pelled to take the stand : that when you correct that you cure
the principal cause of crime. Others will say it is the indeter-
minate sentence. Others will say it is probation. A careful
stady will reveal conclusively that there many causes.
But why talk about it? Why not Qiake a beginning? Almost
the only legislation in this country that has not been of a hasty
crude type has been the work of the American Bar Association ;
and it is our hope in this Section that we may prevail upon the
American Bar Association to cooperate with these organizations
mentioned in the resolutions in a real work, an exploration of
the causes, the keeping of uniform records, and the ascertain-
ment of information, as our President suggested in his letter, to
the end that a carefully advised revision of our laws may be
secured.
The statistics that General Webb gave, while they show some
improvement in California conditions, do not altogether reveal
the difficulties, because again, as this Cleveland Survey shows,
616 THB ADMINIST&ATIOK OP J178TIOB.
the trouble is, to a oonfliderable extent, a difiSculty that comes with
large cities, and from conditions that come about in large cities.
If you have a sparsely settled country and you put a good judge
on the Bench, and have a good sheriff, they ^1 handle things
fairly well; but it is in the big city, where no one man is respon-
sible, that the trouble comes.
An investigation of some of the statistics in San Francisco,"
two or three years ago, showed about this for one year — ^I think
that year was worse than the succeeding years, but nevertheless
it shows the same condition that the Cleveland Report shows —
that there were approximately three thousand complaints for
felony, and about six hundred held over for trial. Of those six
hundred held over for trial, about one hundred went to San
Quentin. Now, what is the answer? ' In other words, the
chances are just about one in thirty of a person who is com-
plained about for committing a felony, that he will ever reach
state's prison. In most of the counties the statistics are better
than that, but we have to devise a system that will work in the
cities, because that is where the principal trouble arises.
Not to delay the discussion any further, I simply want to
call attention to one or two of the things that are causing trouble.
It is very hard to place the responsibility for this failure. It
may be in the police. Sometimes they arrest too many persons;
in some counties they do. Then they don't always get the evi-
dence. . We know that happens in some counties, and you cannot
get convictions if the police departments don't function properly.
In one of our coimties around the Bay, they change their Chief
of Police every few months, and you can't expect to have an
efficient police system where that takes place. Sometimes the
police for good reasons want to protect a criminal. And then
the police judge may dismiss a case, or grant a sort of informal
probation. The judge of the superior court may do the same
thing. After all, judges are only human, and if responsible
persons and friends come to them and say, ^^ This is a man to
whom probation is going to be beneficial if granted," naturally
they will grant probation. Then the district attorney may have
certain persons whom it is desirable not to prosecute; police
departments of other cities may have favorites, and they may
say, " Please lay off of this fellow, he is useful to us." Well,
there is nothing very bad in it. Perhaps it is desirable that
▲. K. KIDD. 617
certain persons should be dismissed; perhaps the information
they give the police or the district attorney is worth it. But the
point is this: That the responsibility is not concentrated in any
one person. It is subdivided. Some get out because the police do
not prosecute; some* get out because the police judge wants them
to have probation ; some get out because &e judge of the superior
court wants the same thing; and some get out because the jury
acquits. In other words, you have so many hurdles to be jumped
before the criminal can get into state's prison that it is not re-
markable that the prosecution somewhere along the line stxmibles.
What we suggest, therefore, for your serious discussion is
this : Try to speed up the machinery in such a way that where-
ever it is reasonably possible, trials shall follow soon after the
arrest, and then concentrate in one body, or two bodies if you
like, but I mean an impartial body, the question of probation
and parole, so that the police can no longer ^' pass the buck " to
the district attorney, and the district attorney to the police judge,
and that judge to the judge of the Superior Court. Concentrate
the responsibility for probation and parole in a body. And,
secondly, have that body so equipped that it can act intelligently.
There are, of course, some judges who do understand the situa-
tion very well. Nearly every judge thinks he does, but he has his
doubts as to his colleagues. That reminds me of something that
Lord Bowen once said concerning the drafting of a memorial to
the queen. It began '^ Conscious as we are of our imperf ections,''
and he moved to amend it to read, '^ Conscious as we are of each
other's imperfections.'*
In some of the cities where there is more than one judge,
they are passed from one department to another, so that a judge
may only sit in the criminal department for perhaps a year,
and then be transferred to a civil division, and you can see that
it is impossible for a judge under those circumstances to know
the nature and character of the people with whom he is dealing,
even if he has had some training along that line. Furthermore,
in trying cases under our system, the defendant must be con-
victed of the crime with which he is charged, and must be con-
victed on evidence of that crime, and not on evidence of other
crimes. In other words, he is not to be convicted on general
prinidples. But that means that it is very seldom that the judge
can ever know just why this defendant did the act. Of course.
618 THE ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE.
when the question is asked after conviction^ ^^HaTe yon any
reason why sentence should not now be pronounced ? '^ the judge
may then look into it^ but he hasn't the machinery^ and he
usually hasn't the time for making an investigation.
There are, therefore, three suggestions which I would make.
The first is to speed up the administration of justice. The
second is to put the power of probation and parole in the hands
of a central board. And the third is to equip that board with
the proper machinery, with medical men, psychiatrists and soci-
ologists, so that they can find out why a person commits a crime.
Here is one illustration, out of hundreds that might be given,
of facts which do not come to the attention of judges. A boy
over in Berkeley started on a career of delinquency, and there
hasn't been a year since when he hasn't committed some act for
which, if he were old enough, he would have gone to state's
prison. He usually committed his offenses in different places
so that he came up before different judges each time, and, being
a nice looking boy and so young, the judges usually let him go,
not knowing of the other offenses which he had committed in
other places. That worked until he went up north of the United
States, into Vancouver, and committed an offense, and they gave
him a two-year " jolt," as it is called. That was good as far as
it went; it kept him out of trouble for two years, but a boy
spending two years in the Vancouver jail, or in any other jail, usu-
ally becomes educated in the ways of crime, and when he got
out of there he came down here and committed another crime.
There were no statistics or system of id^itification available
and his record wasn't before the judge here. He is just over
twenty-one, and the judge said it would be ridiculous to send
that boy to San Quentin ; that he would send him to the Reform
School at loue. Well, he was too tough for the Beform School,
and they sent him back, and he is now running at large in the
community, ready to commit more crimes.
The remedy for that, as the President of our Section has said,
is a very careful collection of statistics, the establishment of
a National Bureau of Identification, and the equipment of each
office, which has the power of probation and parole, with these
statistics, aud with a personnel to make an individual examina*
tion of each deUnqueni
THE BERKELEY LIE DETECTOR AND OTHER
DECEPTION TESTS.
BT
JOHN A. LARSEN,
OF BBREBLBT, CAL.
Since deception plays such an important rSle on the witness
stand and in crinunal investigation^ it is imperative that the
criminologist should become familiar with some of the mani-
festations of it and the methods employed in the study of the
deception process.
The earliest account of a case of deception is in the Bible where
King Solomon is called upon to decide which of two women who
claim- the same child is lying. He settled the dilemna by order-
ing the child to be cut into two pieces whereupon the mother
renounced her claim and the liar maintained silence. There has
long been a deception test in the Orient which is based upon
psycho-physiological principle. The accused is requested to chew
rice and then to spit it out and if the rice is dry the suspect is
deemed guilty as the fear of the guilty suspect was supposed to
inhibit the secretion of saliva. In India it has been stated that
it is possible to detect deception by the movement of the big toe
of the witness. Whenever the accused lies there is a movement
of the big toe. In a much cruder fashion the English attempted
to detect guilt by methods known collectively as the ordeal. Thus
if the accused were thrown into a river and sank he was innocent,
but if he lived he was deemed guilty. This method has been
supplanted by the more modern third degree. Although this
procedure is supposedly extant, now and then one hears of its
practice. In general, whatever method breaks down the resis-
tance of the suspect is employed. Thus if a man is addicted to
the excessive use of tobacco he is not allowed any or he is de-
prived of sleep for days while relays of detectives work him. In
one case related to the writer, a detective in a large city held a
gun against the head of the suspect and told bim to come through.
(619)
630 BERKELEY LIE DETEOTOB AND OTHER DECEPTION TESTS.
Aside from humanitarian considerations one important objection
to this method is that cases have been known where innocent men
have brok^ down under the strain and admitted complicity in
a crime of which they were innocent.
With the evolution of science and the correlation of observa-
tions from the fields of physiology and psychology, a truer con-
ception of human behavior is being constructed. A true con-
ception of the processes underlying deception is still to be had.
Without attempting to analyze the deception syndrome it is suflS-
cient at this point to emphasize that psychologists attribute to
the emotion fear a very important role. Sir William James and
others agree in defining an emotion as being nothing more than
the bodily changes which follow directly the perception of the
exciting fact, and the feeling of the same changes as they occur
is the emotion. Thus the emotion fear may be said to have
specific symptoms.
Modem physiologists have gone further and have shown the
defensive mechanisms involved in fear and the role which the
internal secretions play in response to the stimuli. The adrenalin
explanation of Cannon explains what happens between the re-
ceiving of the stimulus and end result.
Of. the above manifestations of fear the most common are the
turning of the eyes away from those of the examiner, squinting
of the eyes, blushing, throat pulsation, cold sweat, spasmodic
twitching of the head and limbs — such as clutching of the collar
stealthy cat-like tread, peculiar monotone infection of the voice,
plaintive and soft; verbosity — Shakespeare's ^'Methinks he doth
protest too much,'* dryness of the throat.
Liars have been divided into several classes. If divided ac-
cording to their ability to conceal or inhibit the indications of
deception there is first the type who is unsuccessful. He is
easily recognized upon the witness stand and by detectives by
the symptoms mentioned above. Then there is that individual
who is able to lie and not show any indications by external signa.
The same type of liar who is detected by the above symptoms
may, under emotional stress, as on the death-bed, angry at be-
trayal, or terrified at arrest, suddenly declare ^^ Now I am going
to tell the truth.'* This statement serves to introduce the oon-
/ession. Thie resolwtio?i tp b^ truthful is usually of short dnra-
JOHN A. LABSBN. 621
tion and if the emotion passes the confession is regretted. It
is difficult to lie while under the influence of narcotics and during
intoxication. Advantage of this has been taken by a physician
who is endeavoring to use a drug^ scopolamine and then question
the subject while under its influence.
Habit plays an important r51e in the detection of certain in-
dividuals. Helmholtz once stated that ^^ every state of conscious-
ness has its physical corelaf Thus for every mental event
there must be a corresponding physical one in some form. Of
course this physical expression will vary according to the emo-
tional state^ type of individual^ and will be subject to many limita-
tions. Through the intervention of many variables a correct
interpretation of their symptoms is often impossible^ and at
best haphazard. As illustrative of the influence of habit, some
people yawn when under tension, some move their limbs. The
effect of habit seen in gestures is of value when an individual
illustrates his lie with gestures which are diametrically opposed.
Thus a person expresses love for someone, but by the clenching
of his fist gives the words the lie.
Most people gesticulate. These deep-rooted tendencies are
shown in deception where the man, who although consciously
lying is governed by the repressed truth and gesticulates ac-
cordingly.
Spencer with many other workers, emphasizes the importance
of voice in the detection of deception. The varying inflection
or the timbre of the voice often gives the most clever liar away.
Through stimulation of the nerves there is a resultant movement
of the facial muscles, and those concerned with swallowing. The
monotone, slightly quavering voice may be very significant.
Gross concludes that effective simulation of the voice is hardly
possible. In using this method of diagnosis much caution is
ijiecessary, and it should not be used alone but with other factors.
Faling and blushing have no diagnostic indication when used
alone. Even when considered with other factors much caution
is necessary, and these symptoms may be entirely lacking in a
certain type of liar.
Following the detection of deception by the physical method^,
if present, psychologists attack the problem by association
methods, both qualitatively and quantitatively. As to the former
622 BEBKELEY LIE DETECTOB AND OTHER DECEPTION TESTS.
there is a marked lack of agreement^ but on the quantitatiye side
there is more unity. Most psychologists agree that deceptive
associations tend to increase the reaction time. Of living psy-
chologists, Langfeld of Harvard is a firm adherent of the associa-
tion method for the detection of guilt, Marston, a Boston at-
torney and a pupil of Munsterberg, in working upon a different
method for the studying of the deception process compared the
association methods and foimd them unsatisfactory as com-
pared with his method. In our work, later to be described, we
have found many cases of deception where the individual has
subsequently confessed and this deception was not indicated by
Any delayed reaction time.
Students have studied the association of ideas since the time
of Aristotle. All of our ideas are linked together with other
ideas. One word or association at once calls to mind another one.
In experimental psychology the workers usually use a standard
list of words and these are alternated with words which concern
the crime being investigated. Then from a comparison of the
time which elapses between the giving of the word and the an-
swer, guilt is determined. Thus if the suspect hiBsitates longer
on one word than another, then there is a guilty association about
this word according to this school. . The character of the words
also give an idea as to the connection of the suspect with the
alleged crime.
Mlinsterberg was a strong advocate of this method and went
so far with it as to use it in court cases and in the Orchard case, he
declared that the accused was innocent.
In conclusion as to the efficacy of the delayed reaction time
and nature of the response, at present it does not seem effective
in the detection of deception, if used alone, but sometimes if
used corroboratively may be of value.
The first real step towards the working out of a deception
test making use of physiological changes associated with emo-
tional disturbances was the masterly work of Benussi. He de-
tected deception by studying breathing during the process. He
found inspiration to expiration symptomatic of "internal ex-
citement '' caused by lying and this was found to be stronger in
the case of the clever liars than in those easily detected. His
work has since been confirmed by H. E. Burtt who found with
JOHN A. LARSBN. 623
Bennssi that the biieathiiig is diagnostic of deception even
though the subject tries voluntarily to control the breathing.
Proceeding further Boris Sidis utilized respiration as. a means
for diagnosis in psychiatrical investigations. In one case he
found that the tracings of the respirations differed in a woman
with a dual personality and he was able to differentiate between
the two elements.
For years physiologists have noticed that the respiration and
heart" action are often markedly affected by the emotions. Aside
from studying the affects of the emotions upon the respiration
some workers have studied the vasomotor changes by means of
the pletysmograph. The changes in volume and the fluctuations
obtained by this method are too variable to use in a practical test
for deception. Physicians have noticed that in securing accurate
determinations of blood pressure and cardiograms the emotions
play an important r81e. After the work of Benussi on the respir-
ation the next step forward was made by Marston, a former pupil
of Miinsterberg. He made use of the fact that there may be an
increase of blood pressure during the process of deception. Ac-
cordingly he conducted a series of tests upon the changes in the
blood pressure during deception. Unless there is an increase
of blood pressure of over 10 mm. he concluded that' there was
no deception. These determinations were taken not continually
but intermittently at definite intervals and from the figures a
curve was plotted and from the nature of this curve a decision
was reached. He conducted several series of tests in all of which
he obtained^a high degree of accuracy in the detection of decep-
tion. In some cases he worked with students who lied at will
and if they did the deception was detected. Of course the pro-
cess involved here differed to some extent from those present in
the person accused of a crime. He also worked with police cases
and was successful in his work. It is well to emphasize again
that he uses blood pressure changes as indicative of deception
only when there is an appreciable increase over an arbitrary
boundary line. He obtains these readings in the same manner
in which the physician secures his in the routine work.
In the investigation which we have carried on during the past
two years covering hundreds of individuals we have seen many
cases of deception in which there was nothing which according
624 BERE£L£Y LIE DETBGTOB AND OTHER DEOSFTION TESTS.
to Marston would indicate deception. Thus in individuals who
were detected by the present test and later conf essed^ Marston
would have found no significant changes. Marston^s methods as
well as that of others were used as checks in the present work.
Therefore it would be well for Marstons's adUierents to. exer-
cise considerable caution if they continue to base the detection of
deception by blood pressure.
Over a year ago we started to use a deception test based upon
the correlation between physiological and emotional activities.
The essential feature of the test consists in securing a graphic
record ofi the respiratory and cardiac changes during the process
of deception. In this cure all of the changes as mentioned by
Benussi can be recorded as well as a record of the heart's pulsa-
tions and blood pressure tracing. In addition a check is made
on one arm to study deception so as to either confirm or check
Marston's results. Synchronously with the above record a tim-
ing curve is obtained. In addition the association time is re-
corded by suitable signaling devices. The procedure is as
follows :
1. A record, control, is secured without any questions or
words,
2. Thiffis followed by a short prefatory statement in which the
nature of the test is explained and the necessary instiiuctiona are
given. Thus the suspect is told to answer only yes or no to any
questions and that if he lies that fact will be detected.
3. The preamble is followed by a series of indifferent ques-
tions which are to be answered yes or no.
4. A series of questions upon the crime.
5. A set of association words. Here a list of words are alter-
nated with a list of our own upon the investigation.
6. A Woodworth questionnaire of 116 questions in some cases.
This is used on all sex perverts.
As checks upon former methods the reaction time is recorded
and the blood pressure changes are recorded on one arm as
Marston did. All possible variables are eliminated* The sub-
ject is placed so that he cannot see the apparatus. In addition
to securing checks on a single suspect, it is often possible to
secure fifty or more. Thus in case a crime has been commited
in a house where there are sixty individuals and there is no
JOHK A. LAliSBK. 626
evidence pointing to anyone^ all of the persons are run and
checked on each other.
It is the idea of the present investigation to ascertain, if
possible, how much information can be gleaned from the present
deception test The following facts seem to stand out from the
hundreds of individuals examined in actual police investigation.
1. The association words with the time reaction do not give
as definite results as the cardio-respiratory changes.
2. Blood pressure determinations are not as reliable as a study
of the graphic records. Many cases of confessed deception have
been noted in which there was no rise which Marston states con-
stitutes deception. Other procedure based purely upon quanti-
tative estimations are open to the same criticism. Thus the use
of various electrical devices and galvanometers has many more
variables to contend with and then at best the changes are much
more difficult of interpretation.
3. In every case of deception as examined by the cardio-
pneumo-psychograms and checked by confession there are
marked changes in the records. These deviations are so definite
that they can be differentiated from the rest of the record. The
effect of the repression varies according to the temperament and
physical character of the individual. Thus there may be an
increase or decrease .in frequency, a marked depression or excita-
tion, or a more or less summative effect. In all cases of deception
yet encountered the curve differs for that of the controls or the
person who does not repress. In many cases of innocent persons
accused of a crime there may be an initial tension but this is
geEQeralized and easy to control. It appears, if at all, before the
crime has been touched upon. It has been actually found that
regardless of the nervous condition of the innocent, when accused
the suspect can be easily eliminated. That the apprehension of
an innocent man accused of a crime does not interfere with the
test can be seen in cases such as the following : 48 girls are living
in a house in which a series of larcenies have occurred. Working
by the ordinary methods no tangible evidence had been secured.
All of the girls volunteered as a body to submit to the test. Out
of these a girl was chosen as responsible. She subsequently con-
fessed to a series of thefts. In cases where many individuals are
concerned it frequently happens that two or three persons are
626 BERKELEY LIE DETSOTOB AND OTHER DECEPTION TESTS.
selected in the first test. Later all but the guilty are eliminated
as it was found that they had committed some other offense
which was suggested by some question, but when this was cleared
up they were easily eliminated. In practical use this test has
been utilized not to gain a conviction but a knowledge as to the
identity of the guilty party and from then on ordinary police
procedure is followed. Thus the accused usually confessed and
this confession is written and then serves as evidence. In all
cases the suspect submits voluntarily. It has been found from
actual experience that the recidivist and the clever crook is.
easier to detect than others. In several cases medical students
and physicians have been detected although they tried every
known method to prevent detection. In tiiis test detection is
possible if there is a real emotional element present. If a person
lies just for the sake of deceiving, detection may not result and if
it does the processes involved are different than those in cases
where there is a real fear element involved. Of coure the test is
so conducted as to eliminate anger or resentment and this is not
difficult.
4. The marked irregularities due to the effects of repression
involved in the deception process disappear with the confession.
If, however, a subject maintains a repression in successive tests,
as a rule the effects continue although he may know the stimulus
word or question and when it is coming. In all cases up to the
present time when a subject was given the same questions after
confession the record was clear. The same thing occurs when the
subject confesses when first questioned.
5. Physiological or pathological factors do not appear to inter-
fere with the test, provided that the subject is able to understand
the questions and is not unfit mentally, as in some of the im-
beciles and psychotic individuals. Thus, if a subject has an
irregular heart this is ascertained in the control. If a subject is
temporarily unstable because of worry or physiological strain
such as fatigue, menstruation, etc., this in no way interferes with
the effect of the emotional disturbances. *
6. In this test a graphic record is obtained which represents
in visible form the emotional wave which we may term the cardio-
pneumo-psychogram. Here every pulsation is shown. Whether
the change be of the nature of an inhibition or excitation that
JOHN A. LAKSSN. 627
deviation is recorded. This graphic record obtained is apecific
and varies with each individual. Tictorially the individual is
represented in two ways^ first by his present physical condition
as shown in his heart and respiratc^ rhythm, and second by
his reaction under stress, during questioning which may involve
him in some crime. Thus a phlegmatic individual or a person
with a hypo-thyroid insufficiency does not have the same 'type of
record or react in the same manner as the nervous, dynamic type
or the individual with the hyper-thyroid condition. In these
records, the persons resolve themselves into groups which at
first glance seem to depend upon the temperaments or disposi-
tions of the individuals. The cause, however, seems to be deeper
for the emotional reaction of the individual may depend entirely
upon his physiological or pathological picture. Becords may be
grouped physiologically according to age, sex, and other factors.
In short any factor, normal or abnormal, which affects the heart
and respiratory activity to any extent will show np in the nscord.
This effect may only be transitory. In some cases, as in certain
girls during menstruation there may be changes from their re-
sponse during stress from other times. The pathological factors
such as arterio-sclerosis, improper cardica functioning due to
disease, abnormal conditions induced by pregnancy, etc., may
give the records a typical appearance. In addition to depending
upon the above factors the appearance of the record may vary
with the mental condition of the subject, which in turn depends
upon underlying conditions. Persons who may be grouped
physiologically may be separated by their emotional reactions to
various stimuli.
7. Interesting records have been obtained with drug addicts.
The transition from the very sick moaning, miserable individual
to the very cheerful one may be shown graphically by comparing
the record of the same individual before and after an injection
of the drug.
8. The cardio-pneumo-psychogram is in the form of a per-
^ manent record which is easily preserved and could form the
basis for court use after thousands of standards have been drawn
up. However, to qualify as experts to pass upon these records
with scientific accuracy the expert should be a person with a
sound psycho-pathological knowledge and a student of abnormal
628 BBBKBLET UB DETECTOB AND OTHBB DBOEPTION TB8T8.
behavior. The changes which could be pointed out to the jniy^
however, are so striking that they conld be easily recognized*
By way of recapitulation we may add that there is no test
in its present state which is suitable for the positive identifica-
tion of deception and suitable for court procedure. The test
which the writer is now using attempts a check on the past
metiiods as well as the application of a graphic record which
depicts the emotional wave. The importance of this method is
that the wave is photographed upon a record which is permanent
and if ever the results are positive for court procedure the effects
of deception can be studied by qualified experts in the court-
room. However, if this stage is ever reached it will be only by
careful standardization. This work with the graphic method is
suggestive and the errors to be contended with wiU be those of
interpretation. This can only be improved, if ever, by much
cooperation and experimental work. Then we will be able to
determine how far, if at all, a deceptioii test can be relied upon.
THE INTERESTS OP PSYCHIATEY IN CRIMINAL
PROCEDURE.
BY
HERMAN M. ABLER,
OF ILLINOIB.
Not infrequently the complaisant self-esteem of the common-
place citizen receives a rude shock upon discovering that one
of his most valued formulae for making this a comfortable and
secure world is sadly challenged by a distressingly faulty per-
formance. The formula^ he still insists/ must be right: the
shortcoming therefore must be due to improper applications.
The remedy then is to be found in a still stricter adherence to
the formula. Such seems to be the case with the workings of
criminal justice. Regarded purely from the point of view of the
behaviorists upon the basis of what actually occurs, one might be
justified in suspecting that perhaps not all the fault lies in the
execution of the law, but on the contrary that some of it may be
found inherent in the formulae upon which the system of crimi-
nal laws has been developed. From the point of view of the
present discussion two main theses of the law are of importance —
First, that criminal acts are measurable on the basis of the 1
damage done. Second, that the damages may be determined and /
evaluated by the partisan struggle between prosecution and de- 1
fense. When crime then is found to persist in spite of all these
carefully devised laws and rules of procedure, when known
criminals escape the logical and legal consequences of their acts
because of the workings of the very laws that were devised to
stop them ; and when this has gone on not for a year or two, but
for centuries, is it not proper to consider the possibility that,
not the execution of the law but the very system of law itself
may be at fault?
All law concerns itself with problems of human behavior but
it is especially in the criminal law that the human or personality
factors far outweigh those of a more materialistic sort. Here
(«29)
630 THB INTERESTS OF PSYCHIATBY IN CRIMINAL PROOEDUEE.
the ordinary concepts of value no longer yield a satisfactory
interpretation of observed conditions and above all here the se-
quence of cause and effect is so complex and intricate that it
eludes analysis. The application of treatment then on the basis
of the logic of the law is foredoomed to failure because of this
very simplicity itself. It is too simple, too rigid to allow for the
fine distinctions of an enormously complex organization.
A recognition of something of this sort is probably to be found
in the increasing interest manifested in the results of the scien-
tific study of human behavior and in the application of some of
the first tentative deductions in the field of criminology.
The first and perhaps one of the most important distinctions
between the legal and what one might term the biological point
of view lies in the different explanations of the causative factors
in behavior. The law, perhaps on the basis of theological teach-
ing, stresses the responsibility of the active agent. It is believed
that all conscious action is purposeful in the sense of more or less
deliberate intention. Whatever one does as a " thinking or ra-
tional^' being is the result of a definite logical and conscious
process. All else must be " unreasoning '* or " irresponsible *'
dealing which is tolerated only when it can be shown that a men-
tal disorder exists which prevents the individual from employing
the powers of ratiocination. Every sane human being is re-
garded as a free agent unhampered in making decisions and
being aware of the distinctions between right and wrong, ac-
countable to the community when he consciously and intention-
ally elects to do wrong rather than right. It is clear that in such
circumstances there is no great theoretical difficulty in the deter-
mining of damages. Furthermore the obvious remedy, namely
that of punishment, would seem to be almost a specific in a
given case and a deterrent to others. In a world in which all
action is the result in each instance of a separate volitional and
rational process, it should be easy to control behavior by the
simple processes of moral suasion. Clearly these may be arranged
to increase desire in one or another safe direction and to repel
from other and dangerous ones, and also to induce sound pro-
068868 Of ratiocination which will make it impossible for any
one to blunder through ignorance — such in brief is the formula
of the criminal law.
HERMAN M. ADLER. 631
The biologist on the other hand from the very outset of his
obserrations has in mind certain facts which make it possible
to conceive of human behavior without making the individual
unduly dependent upon his reasoning power. Judging by the
behavior not only of man but other forms of lif e, it would seem
that the concept of purpose^ and therefore of responsibility^ was
one which^ if it is to be used at all, must be confined to a very
narrow field of human activity. Most behavior which is well
adapted to the conditioning circumstances may appear purpose-
ful and good but in reality merely is fitting; and reversely an
ill adapted action turns out not to be evil or wicked but merely
dangerous. And so one comes to the conclusion that purpose in
the narrow sense is a man-made thing. Evolution existed for a
very long time and progressed through nearly the entire range
of its development upon this earth before the mind made its
appearance. Most behavior then had gone on without the possi-
bility of the application of the test of responsibility, but rather
in response to that complicated set of interdependent reactions
between the individual and the environment which are a direct
result of growth and the inherent tendency for living things to
attempt to survive. What is true of evolution in general is true
also of the development of the human mind. Intelligence, that
faculty which enables man to solve the problems of new situa-
tions, is the latest development upon this earth. It is not evenly
distributed 'among men but like bodily stature, it* is distributed
according to the laws of more or less. Most men can think and
deliberately plan to a greater or less extent but actually use these
abilities only occasionally when faced by a novel situation. Once
the solution has been foimd others, themselves perhaps not
capable of making the discovery, can use and benefit by it It
appears, therefore, that the powers of ratiocination, of deliberate,
purposeful and conscious planning are only rarely used.
Far more important in its bearing upon the behavior or actions
of daily life is the effect of the emotions. These manifestations
whose roots reach deep down into the very fundamentals of the
organism, based upon the inherent behavior or actions or in-
stincts, supply the motive force for most of the actions of man.
Whether directed and controlled by the conscious intelligence or
not, it is the disturbed emotional equilibrium, as a manifestation
632 THE INTERESTS OF PSYCHIATRY IN GBIKINAL PEOOEDDRB.
of restlessness which leads to action ; this in turn continues until
the equilibrium is once more established. The restlessness is
insistent and requires relief. And it is in the attempts at such
relief that most of the behavior difficulties are produced, fre-
quently by a complete misapprehension of the true cause of the
restlessness and therefore of tiie proper remedy. It is important
to note here that the powers of ratiocination, of conscious
choice, are primarily responsible for the resulting behavior dis-
order. This is in complete opposition to the theory of the law.
Why, then one may ask, are there not more criminals? The
law will answer, because of the strict surveillance by authority.
The psychiatrist answers, because most people fortunately are
healthy and will react according to the standard behavior of the
majority. It is only the exception who deviates seriously. And
this deviation must be considered in the nature of something
pathological, not necessarily a permanent or even a deep-seated
affliction, but perhaps merely a transitory difficulty such as hys-
teria or " shell shock,*' or even merely a bad habit of mind.
Most people then can be relied upon to behave according to
the standards of their own group. The exception need not be
considered necessarily a hopeless case but merely one requiring
suitable treatment.
This clash of interest between the law and medicine is not
new. The last generation saw a similar situation in regard to
the insane. Gur generation is accustomed to consider sanity
as a problem of health and commitment to a state hospital (not
an '^ Insane Asylum'*) is still a legal matter though all else
including the evidence upon which commitment is made, the
treatment, and release of the patient from the institution is
largely left in the hands of physicians. And every one who is
ii^formed, will concede that the present generation is far ahead
of its predecessors in the management of the insane.
Is not the present situation in regard to the criminal analo-
gous? Would not the best interest of the communiiy be better
served by leaving all but the commitment to medical rather than
to legal experts? We have actually done this very thing in a
branch of law not far removed from the criminal court, namely in
the juvenile courts. Here through a wise application of chancery
law the patisanship of the ordinary courts is practically abol*
HERMAN Iff. ADLSR. 633
ished. It is no longer a question of accusation and of excuse, of
prosecution and defense. It is entirely a matter of ascertaining
the true facts with the object of securing the utmost benefit and
safety both for the child and the community. The delinquent
child is not punished by the courts in retribution or as an ex-
ample to others, he is dealt with on the basis of what will benefit
him and the rest of the community. There is no plea of guilty
or not guilty. The child should tell the facta as he would to
the family physician in the case of illness.
There is one obstacle, and only on,e apparently, to the intro-
duction of the chancery law into criminal procedure and that is
the death penalty. With the exclusion of capital cases, however,
no valid objection remains. The fears of those who think that
treatment by physicians instead of by judge and jury would be
too lenient may be reassured by the information that in those
states where a similar method is in vogue in connection with
paroling prisoners from the penitentiary, the average length
of time of service has been lengthened from two to five years.
In the case of the criminal insane sent to St. Elizabeth's Hospi-
tal at Washington, D. C, the length of confinement is on the
average five years longer than in the case of those serving sen-
tences for the same offenses in the penitentiaries.
Quite' in contrast to the prevailing legal method, treatment
based upon the actual needs and characteristics of a criminal
as demonstrated by his behavior would be much more likely to
have some logical relation to the real situation rather than
merely to a set of rules. Under such a system it would be possi-
ble to keep legal control over habitual offender and to give
him treatment, instead of applying punishment, which is mostly
the deprival of liberty for a given length of time. It is just as
sensible to sentence a typhoid patient or an insane person to a
certain time in the hospital with ^^good time'' allowance for
obeying the hospital rules as it is to sentence an habitual offender
to prison a definite length of time.
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
SECTION OF PUBLIC UTILITY LAW
The Fifth Annual Meeting of the Section was held in Native
Sons^ Building, Santa Clara Hall, beginning Monday, August 7,
and continued Tuesday, August 8, 1922.
There were three sessions of the Section: 2 P. M. Monday,
August 7, and 10 A. M. and 8 P. M., Tuesday, August 8.
Monday, August 7, 2 P. M.
Address of Charles E. Brock, of Colorado, Chairman.
Then, followed the report of Secretary.
A committee on nomination was appointed:
Eobert E. L. Saner, of Texas; John F. MacLane, of Utah;
and William L. Eamson, of New York.
The address, Edwin 0. Edgerton, of California, on " Public
Utility Law,'* was scheduled for this afternoon, but at the request
of eastern members who had not arrived was continued until
tomorrow.
Then after some general discussion, adjourned.
Tuesday, August 8, 10 A. M. The Section reconvened. Ad-
dress, Nathaniel T. Guernsey, of New York, "Bate-Making
Powers under Commission Laws.*'
{The Address follows these minutes/ page 637.)
A very full discussion followed, participated in by many
members.
Reports of committee on nomination presented and oflScers
elected as follows:
John B. Sanborn, Wisconsin, Chairman; Chester I. Long,
Kansas, Vice-Chairman ; Edward A. Armstrong, New Jersey,
Secretary; John Randolph Tucker, Virginia, Treasurer.
Council : Charles R. Brock, Colorado ; David A. Prank, Texas ;
Carl D. Jackson, Wisconsin; William Chamberlain, Iowa; James
(634)
PBOCEEDIKGS OP SECTION OF PUBLIC UTILrTY LAW. 635
H. Harkless, Misfiouri; Oscar C. Hull, Michigan; William B.
Bosley, California ; and George B. Young, Vermont.
Address of Edwin 0. Edgerton, of California, on '* Public
UtiUiy Law."
{The Address follows these minutes, page 652.)
Considerable discussion followed; and on motion of William
L. Bamson, of New York, the Chair was directed to appoint a
committee of five to report the views of the Section on the
so-called Bacharach Bill (H. B. 10212), and similar legislation,
referred to by Mr. Edgerton.
The Chair appointed as such committee :
William L. Bamson, New City, Chairman; W. L. Lemar,
Washington, D. C; E. 0. Edgerton, Ex-Chairman, California
Bailroad Commission, San Francisco, California ; H. B. MacLane,
Bell Telephone Company, Salt Lake City, Utah ; William Cham-
berlain, Cedar Rapids, Iowa; Charles B. Brock, Colorado, ez-
officio.
Adjourned until evening.
Tuesday, August 8, 8 P. M. The Section reconvened.
The special committee appointed this morning on legislation
presented the following resolution, which was unanimously
adopted :
Resolved, That the Section on Public Utility Law of the American
Bar Associatioii hereby expresses the emphatic opposition of its mem-
bonship to the Bacharach Bill, now pending in Congress (H. R. 10212)
and to any similar legislation designed to limit or destroy, as to any
particular class of litigants or rights, the present equitable powers of
the federal courts to enforce the guaranties of the federal Constitution
for the protection of persons and property.
Resolved further, Tnat the Section askis its Chairman in his report
to the Association, to present, at least in outline, the considerations
which have been developed in the discussions before the Section, as
demonstrating the extreme unwisdom of any such radical curtailment
of the federal judicial power;
Resolved further, That the Chairman of this Section and the special
committee created at today's session are authorized, in behalf of the
Section, to take such further steps as in their judgment may be advisable,
to bring about an endorsement by the Association of the action of its
Committee on Jurisprudence and Law Reform in actively opposing the
Bacharach Bill at the present session of the Congress, and also to support
before the Ai»ociation any suitable resolutions which may be offered
in condemnation of that or similar legislation.
Considerable favorable discussion of this followed before action
was taken thereon.
636 PKOOEEDINGS OF SECTION OP PUBLIC UTILITY LAW.
J
Address of Hugh Gordon, of Oalifomia, "Preservation of
Balance between Federal and State Powers of Public Utility
Regulation/'
{The Address follows these minutes, page 661,)
Paper by Franklin T. Griffith, of Oregon, '' The Bights of the
Utility in Public Regulation/'
{The Address follows these minutes, page 675,)
A very general discussion then ensued on these addresses.
The question was quite fully discussed and generally seemed
to be thought advisable that a mid-winter meeting of the Section
be held. The matter was referred to the council for action.
After further discussion of the papers presented and other
matters concerning utility law, the Section adjourned.
B. A. Akmstrong, Secretary.
RATE-MAKING POWEES UNDEE COMMISSION LAWS.
BY
NATHANIEL T. GUERNSEY.
or NBW TOBK.
There is a wide-spread misconception as to where the com-
mission laws of the varions states leave the power to make the
rates to be charged by public utilities. This misconception, not
only in the minds of the general public but also in those of many
of the oflScials and lawyers having to do with these matters, is
perhaps most frequently voiced in the statement that these com-
mission laws have taken away from the utilities the power to
make rates and have made this one of the functions of the com-
missions. This error is probably attributable more to the failure
of the members of the Bar to carefully analyze and interpret
these laws than to any other single cause.
The fact is that there is nothing to justify this misconception.
The commission laws in general leave in the utilities substantially
the same rate-making powers which they had at the common law,
that is, they leave in the utilities the primary power to make
their rates, subject to the rule governing them at common law
and reenacted in these statutes, that their rates shall be just and
reasonable and not discriminatory. Under these statutes, au-
thority on the part of commissions over specific rates is limited ;
it does not arise until it has been made to appear that the utility
in its rate making has overstepped the just and reasonable or
indiscriminatory rule established by the statute. In such cases,
but only in such cases, the commissions are vested with authority
to make the rates which will put the utility back within the rule
established by law.
This is sound and reasonable regulation, to which there can be
no just objection.
The question which has been suggested is purely one of statu-
tory construction. Questions of policy involving inquiries as to
what the rate-making powers of the commissions or of the utilities
should be are not involved. Concretely, the inquiry is solely:
Where do these laws leave these powers ? It must be determined
(637)
638 EATB-MAKING POWiKS UNDER COMMISSION LAWS.
by a study of the laws themselves. Neither the courts nor the
commissions can enlarge the powers of the latter or diminish their
duties. The commissions are the creatures of the statutes of the
various states. Their powers and their duties must be found
in these statutes.
A rate is nothing more nor less than a charge made by a utility
for a service which it sells. It is entirely analogous to the price
which a merchant or a manufacturer places upon the mer-
chandise which he offers to the public. At the common law,
before the enactment of any regulatory statutes, the utility had
the same right to fix the price of what it offered for sale as an
individual had to fix the price at which he offered his commodi-
ties, subject only to the rule that its prices or rates must be just
and reasonable and not discriminatory. Subject to these rules
the discretion of the utility in fixing its rates or prices was
complete.
It is believed that the following analysis will be accepted as
sound :
1. Prior to the enactment of these regulatory statutes, the
rate-making powers of the utilities were plenary, subject to the
common law rule that they be just and reasonable and indi&-
criminatory.
2. This plenary power to make rates has continued in the
utilities unless it has been taken away or restricted by statutory
enactment. The rate-making power was originally in the utili-
ties. It could not automatically dissipate itself.
8. Therefore, the solution of this question lies in an examina-
tion of the rate provisions of these statutes in order to determine
to what extent, either directly or by conferring power upon the
commissions, they have limited the common law power of the
utilities to make rates.
Such an examination will disclose that fundamentally, with
very few exceptions, the frame work of these statutes is the same.
They leave in the utilities the primary power of rate making.
They declare as the rule which shall govern the utilities in the
exercise of this power the common law rule that rates must be
just and reasonable and indiscriminatory, and what they add to
the common law is the remedy provided by authorizing the com-
mission where they find that this rule has been violated, to
KATHAKIBL T. QUBBN8ET. 639
establish just and reasonable and indiscruninatory rates which
shall bring the utility back within the rule/
Before discussing any of their details it is worth while to hare
a broad conception of the scope and purpose of these regulatory
eooactmisnts. Leaving out of account some incidental matters,
their purpose is not to create new rights in either the utility or
its patrons^ but rather to provide adequate machinery for the
enforcement of the old rights of each at the common law. The
great things which are at the foundation of these statute are
rates and service. Substantially all of their profisions relate
directly or indirectly to one or the other. These are the matters,
and the only matters of concern to the public. As to rates, taking
the parties where they were at the common law, that is, recog-
nizing the obligation of the utility to charge just and reasonable
rates which are not discriminatory, and the right of its patrons
to have such rates, the statutes confirm this status and attempt to
provide machinery for the enforcement of the rights of both
parties. As to service also they take the common law obligation
to furnish efficient and adequate service and the common law
right to such service, and confirming these rights and obligations
again attempt to provide machinery for their enforcement.
The r^nedies as to both rates and service at the common law
were deemed inadequate. The commission laws were intended to
meet this inadequacy by providing new remedies. They were not
intended to take away old fundamental rights or to create new
ones. If this broad conception of their purposes and effect is
kept in mind, it will substantially aid in their construction.
Lack of time entirely precludes attempting to demonstrate
the correctness of what has been said by a consideration of each
of the laws enacted by the 45 states which have created commis-
sions. Fortunately, in their fundamental provisions these laws
closely resemble each other so that one may be taken as typical.
For this purpose the Illinois Commerce Commission Law has
been selected because it is fairly representative of these laws
genially, and because its recent enactment (191^1) tends to
negative the suggestion of any change in legislative policy.
* There art some minor exceptions to the general statements con-
tained in this paper. They do not affect the general discussion, and
are ignored.
21
640 RATE-MAKING FOWEBS UKDSR COMMISSION LAWS.
Its establishment of the rule to govern the utilities (Section
32) is:
All rates or other charges made, demanded or received by any public
utility, or by any two or more public utihties, for any product or
commoditv fumieuied or to be furnished or for any service rendered or
to be rendered shall be just and reasonable. Every unjust or unieason-
able charge made, demanded or received for such product or com-
modity or service is hereby prohibited and declared unlawful.
Another section inhibits discrimination. After providing in
Sections 33, 34, and 35 for filing rates and for schedules and pro-
hibiting the undertaking of a service for which no rate has been
filed, the law proceeds in Section 36 as follows :
Unless the Commission otherwise orders, no change shall he made
by any public lUility In any rate or other charge or classification, or in
any rule, regulation, practice or contract relating to or affecting any
/ate or other charge, classification or service, or in ai^ privilege or
facility, except after thirtv days' notice to the Commission and to the
public as herein provided.
Section 37 requires the utility to charge only the rates shown
by the schedules on file and in effect at the time. Becurring
now to Section 32, its statement that all rates made by any public
utility shall be just and reasonable, and its inhibition of every
unjust and unreasonable charge are merely declaratory of the
common law. This rule which prevailed before the first commis-
sion law was enacted has been reenacted by every regulatory
statute which has touched this question. Its reenactment has
made no change in the law.
Note the use of the words " made . . . . 6y any pvbUc utility "
in Section 32. The effect of this section is not to take away the
power of the utility to make rates; on the contrary, clearly
recognizing this power, what it does is to lay down the just and
reasonable rule to govern the utility — to regulate the utility —
in its exercise of this power. Thus far, the statute leaves the
utility's power as to rate making imchanged.
The provisions as to filing, and what goes with it, are merely
incidental to the main question and need not be discussed here.
Their object is to provide a public record which will enable the
Commission and the patrons of the utility to know just what
the legal rates are, and to prevent discrimination.
Passing to Section 36, there is found the provision for chang-
ing rates. Fundamentally, it is that no change shall be made
without thirty days' notice to the Commission and to the public.
NATHANIEL T. QUBRNSEY. fl4l
given as provided in the act. Here again note that the language
is that '^ no change shall be made by (my public utility " except
upon this notice. It is the utility, not the Commission, that is
to change the rate.
Aside from a requirement that without the Commission's
consent the ntility shall not establish rates higher than those in
force when the law took eifect, these portions of Sections 32 and
86 are all that there is in this statute directly relating to the
rate-making power of the utility. There is nothing which pur-
ports to take this power away. Instead of taking it away, the
theory of the statute is to recognize it and to regulate its exer-
cise by the utility through the establishment of this just and
reasonable and indiscriminatory rule, and the provision of means
for its enforcement. Fundamentally, the statute does not at-
tempt to change the rate-making power of the utility, but seeks
only to regulate its exercise.
With this primary power of rate-making left undisturbed in
the utHitieSy what power over rates does the statute confer upon
the Commission? Having laid the general, just and reasonable
rule, having prescribed compliance with it by the utilities, to
make the rule effective and so render the statute complete it was
necessary to cover the situation which would arise in cases of non-
compliance, where the rate made by the utility violated this rule.
There must be authority to investigate the rates fixed by the
utility to determine whether they are lawful; if they are found
to be unlawful there must be power to substitute lawful rates.
Turning to the statute, it appears that this is in fact the power
which is conferred upon the Commission. Its power to deter-
mine specific rates only arises in cases where the rate made by
the utilily is in violation of the statute, so that the exercise of
ihe regulatory power has become necessary in order to enforce the
public right to a just and reasonable rate.
This suggests the reason for the provision for a notice of any
changes made by the utility, which has already been mentioned.
It is to aflford the Commission and the public an opportunity to
determine whether the rate which a change proposes is in com-
pliance with the rules governing the utility in its rate making.
The statute provides (Section 36) that when any schedule of
rates is filed, the Commission shall have authority, either upon
642 EATB-MAKING P0WEB8 UNDBE OOHHISSION LAWS.
complaint or upon its own initiative upon reasonable notice^ to
enter upon a hearing concerning the propriety of such rate or
other charge, classification, contract^ practice, rule or regula-
tion. The statute proceeds :
On such hearing the Commission shall establish the rates or other
chsuves, classifications, contracts, practices, rules or regulations proposed,
in whole or in part, or others in lieu thereof, which it shall find to be
just and reasonable.
Note that what the Commission is to inquire into is the pro-
priety of the rate in question. In the use of the word "pro-
priety *' here, the statute is unusual. Most frequently the statu-
tory provision is in substance, that the Commission is to ascer-
tain whether the rates in question are unjust or unreasonable or
discriminatory, or otherwise unlawful. This difference, however,
is one of form, not of substance. The^statutory rule is the test of
propriety. Clearly, the Commission may not find impropriety
in a rate that conforms to the rule established by the legislature
for the government of the utility in its rate making; that is, if
a rate is just and reasonable and indiscriminatory the Commis-
sion may not find impropriety in it. To do this would be for
the legislature to set up one rule and for the Commission to
nullify it by setting up another and different rule. The last
phrase of the extract made from the statute removes any doubt
as to what the Commission's function is. The Commission is
to make this inquiry as to propriety and to approve the proposed
rates if they are lawful. It is authorized to substitute other
rates for them only in the event that this inquiry shows that the
proposed rates are in violation of the regulation established by
the legislature.
The beginning of an investigation by the Commission imder
this section (36) automatically suspends the rate, and this sus-
pension may be extended to an aggregate period of one hundred
and twenty days plus six months, but not longer. The purpose
of this suspension provision is, of course, to provide an oppor-
tunity to ascertain, before the rates go into effect, whether they
comply with the l^slative rule.
But the fact that provision is made for a suspension confirms
the construction of this statute as leaving the primary rate-
making power in the utility. If the rates had no vitality when
made and filed by the utility, they could not automatically go
into effect in the absence of a suspension, and any suspension pro-
NATHANIEL T. OUEBNSBlT. 6^3
vision would be wholly unnecessary. If the rates were without
vitalify of their own, the limitation upon the power of the Com-
mission to suspend could have nothing upon which to operate.
The fact that when the rates have been established and are filed by
the utility, no action on the part of the Commission is necessary
in order to make them operative, but on the contrary affirmative
action by the Commission resulting in a suspension is required to
prevent them from becoming operative, completely negatives any
possible contention that the rates are not in fact made by the
utility. The statute clearly contemplates that the utility shall
make the rates in the first instance, and that the rates as made by
it shall go into effect if they are not unjust or unreasonable or
indiscriminatory and so do not violate the statutory rule.
Section 41 of the statute covers the situation which arises
when an existing schedule of rates is questioned by a complaint
or by a hearing initiated by the Commission. In such a case
if the Commission, after the hearing, finds that the existing
rates are unjust and unreasonable or in any wise unlawful, the
Commission is authorized to determine the just and reasonablo
rates to be observed.
This Section and Section 36, in general, determine the power
of the Commission over rates. It is a limited power conditioned
upon the finding that proposed or existing rates made by the
utility are unlawful because in violation of the rules prescribed
by the statute. Unless this illegality exists, the power of the
Commission to determine specific rates does not arise. When it
does exist, the Commission may determine the rate required by
the statute under the circumstances in question.
Summarizing this statute it may be said :
1. That the primary rate-making power is left in the .utilities.
The requirement, common to most of the statutes, that all rates
shall be just and reasonable and not discriminatory does not
take away from the utility the power to make rates, but simply
lays down a rule governing the exercise of this power. The
rule presupposes the existence of the power.
2. In general, there are two classes of cases, and only two,
in which the Commission may determine rates:
(a) Where it appears after a hearing that a rate proposed by
the utility is unjust and unreasonable or discriminatory and so
644 BATI>-MAKING POWKRS UNDER COMMISSION LAWS.
in violation of the rule of just and reasonable and indiscrimina-
tory rates established by the statute ; and,
(b) Where it appears after a hearing upon a complaint or
upon an investigation initiated by the Commission that some
existing rate is unjust and unreasonable or discriminatory and
so in violation of this statutory rule.
In some states the statutes provide that changes or increases
in rates made by the utility must be approved by the Commission
before becoming effective. Here it is believed that if the pro-
posed rate comes within the statutory rule established by the
legislature^ that is, if it is just and reasonable and not dis-
crimine^tory, then it is the duty of the Commission to approve it.
The purpose of such provisions, like the purpose of the suspen-
sion provisions, is to provide an assurance that the new rate
complies with the law before it becomes effective. In such cases
the Commission may not arbitrarily approve or disapprove. If
it disapproves, its disapproval must be founded upon a finding
that the proposed rates violate the legislative enactment and
would therefore be unlawful. These statutes leave in the utility
the rate-making power so long as that power is exercised in ac-
cordance with law. They vest in the commissions the power to
determine rates only to the extent that this is necessary to correct
rates made by the utility in violation of law. Reference to one
or two authorities may be permitted :
In Interstate Commerce Commission t^5. Baltimore & Ohio
Bailroad Co., 43 Fed. 37 (affirmed 145 U. S. 263), Judge Jack-
son subsequently Mr. Justice Jackson, says at pages 50 and 51 :
.... Subject to the two leading prohibitions that their charges shall
not be unjust and unreasonable, and that th^ shall not imjustly
discriminate, so as to give undue preference or advantage, or subject
to undue preference or disadvantage persons or traffic similarly circum-
stanced, the act to regulate commerce leaves common carriers as they
were at common law, free to make special contracts looking to the
increase of their business, to classify their traffic, to adjust and appm*-
tion their rates so as to meet the necessities of commerce, and generally
to manage their important interests upon the same principles which
are recognized as sound, and adopted in other trades and pursuits
This language has been quoted with approval by the Supreme
Court of the United States in several cases.
In Interstate Commerce Commission i;^. Louisville & Nash-
ville Railroad Co., 227 U. S. 88, the court says at page 92 :
Under the statute the carrier retains the primary right to make rates,
but if, after hearing, they are shown to oe unreasonable, the Com-
NATHANIEL T. GUBRN8BY. 645
mission may set them aside and require the substitution of just for unjust
charges. The Commission's right to act depends upon the existence
of tms fact, and if there was no evidence to show that the rat^s were
unreasonable, there was no jurisdiction to make the order A
finding without evidence is beyond the power of the Commission. An
order oased thereon is contrary to law, and must, in the language of
the statute, be set aside by a court of competent jurisdiction.
What is said in these cases as to the Act to Hegulate Commerce
is applicable to commission laws generally.
The Supreme Court of 'the State of New York in a case later
affirmed by the Court of Appeals of that state said :'
Under the Interstate Commerce Act, it has been held that a deter-
mination by the Commission that the rates were unjust and \mreason-
able is a statutory condition precedent to the exercises of the power
to fix reasonable rates for the future (A., T. & S. F. Ry. Co. V8. U. S.
(Com. C.) 203 Fed. 56), and we think a similar condition precedent
exists under the New York Public Service Commission Law.
The following excerpt is made from the opinion of the New
York State Court of Appeals in this case :
There is no express finding that the new rates were unreas6nable;
there is a long discussion of the benefits which the Commission thought
would result to the respondent from adopting the policv of low com-
mutation rates. In this course, it took into account considerations which
were really not before it. The question what general policy should
be adopted by the respondent in developing suburban trade was one
to be decided by. it, and not by the state. The methods and rates which
it should apply to the development of any policy were subjects for
regulation, but the question whether the welfare of the road would
be best subserved by one policy or another was a subject to be decided by
the officers and stockholders of the corporation. It seems to me the
Commission was more or less influenced by this consideration which was
irrelevant.
It has been seen that the commission laws do not in terms take
from the utilities the primary power to make rates. The ques-
tion remains, to what extent has the legislature exercised its own
legislative power to make rates ? Has it so exercised this power
as to impose a limitation upon the powers of the utilities by
indirection ? In a recent case * the Supreme Court of Michigan
has answered this inquiry in language applicable to utilities
generally, though directly referring only to railroads. It said :
The legislature has not fixed the freight rates to be charged by com-
plainant beyond this. It has prohibited and made unlawful every imjust
and unreasonable chaige.
• People ex rel. N. Y. C. & H. R. R. R. Co. vs. Public Service Com-
mission, 145 N. Y. S. 513.
'Detroit and Mackinac R. R. Co. V8, Michigan R. R. Commission,
137 N. W. 337.
646 RATE-MAKING POWERS UNDER COMMISSION LAWS.
Continuing, it defined the powers of the Conunission, saying:
It has confided to the Michigan Raihx)ad Commission the power,
with the duty, to ascertain, in proper cases, whether a rate is reasonable
and just or unreasonable and unjust, and to thereupon make an order
in conformity with the facts.
These statements are true generally as to these commission laws.
The legislatures have not themselves exercised the rate-making
power. They have left the rate-making power primarily in the
utilities, vesting in the commissions power to act only in cases
where it has been abused.
Having before it the question whether the Interstate Commerce
Act authorized the Commission to make rates, and commenting
upon what Cohgress might have done to solve the situation pre-
sented to it when it enacted the Interstate Commerce Act, the
United States Supreme court* says:
There were three obvious and dissimilar courses open for consideration.
Congress might itself prescribe the rates ; or it might leave tnlh the
companies the right to fix rates, subject to regvlations and restrictione,
as well as to that rule which is as old as the existence of common carriers,
to wit, that rates must be reasonable. There is nothing in the act fixing
rates.
The legislatures of the various states, like the Congress,
adopted the third course.
A collateral question perhaps should have very brief considera-
tion : Whether the rates proposed or being charged are reasonable,
that is, whether the condition precedent to the Commission's
jurisdiction exists is a judicial question and its determination
is a judicial act. Quoting again from the Supreme Court* :
It is one thing to inquire whether the rates which have been charged
and collected are reasonable — that is a Judicial act; but an entirely
different thing to prescribe rates which shall be charged in the future-^
that is a legislative act.
This determination must be based upon a hearing, of which
the utility has had notice, and at which it has the right to intro-
duce evidence and cross-examine. The Commission may not
act arbitrarily, nor can its finding be sustained upon the assump-
tion that it is supported by some facts other than those disclosed
at the hearing. Whether the Commission has jurisdiction, that
is, whether the evidence establishes the fact that the company^s
action as to rates has been unlawful, is a judicial question which
may be reviewed in the courts.
* Interstate Commerce Commission vs. Cincinnati, New Orleans and
Texas Pacific Ry. Co., 167 U. S. 479, 499.
NATHANIEL T. GTTEBNSEY. 647
Since the jurisdiction of the GonunisBion depends upon a
finding that the utility has infringed the statutory rule, it be-
comes of the greatest importance to clearly apprehend just what
just and reasonable rates are.
Firsts there is no synonymity between unjust and unreasonable
rates and confiscatory rates. The more or less wide-spread opin-
ion that a rate which returns more than enough to escape the
charge of confiscation is extortionate and unreasonable is with-
out any support^ either in the authorities or in reason. If a just
and reasonable rate meant a rate that would barely escape the •
charge of confiscation^ it would mean that the business of public
utilises must be done at a loss, and would negative the idea of
regulation. It would mean that rates could not lawfully afford
a return in excess of the mere cost of doing business, this cost
including the cost of obtaining the necessary capital.
If rates never could lawfully return any profit, then since at
some times there must be losses, the ultimate result woiild be a
loss upon the business as a whole. This conclusion is empha-
sized by the fact that in determining whether or not a rate is
confiscatory, every presumption is in favor of the legality of the
rate and every fact must be established by clear and satisfactory
evidence. This would make the rule mean that no rate in excess
of the mere cost of doing the business (including the^cost of
obtaining the necessary capital), resolving all doubts against the
company, could be lawful, and would destroy the business.
Such a conclusion is inconsistent with the whole idea of regu-
lation and with the framework of these statutes. The statutes
fix a rule of just and reasonable rates, leaving the utilities to
exercise their discretion, so long as they keep within this rule.
Such a construction of the words " just and reasonable *' as has
been under discussion woxdd fix simply a line, above which the
rates would be unlawful because excessive, and below which they
would be unlawful because confiscatory, and would leave no
room whatever for the exercise of any discretion.
Under such a rule it may well be doubted whether the facts
could be ascertained with sufficient accuracy to make it possible
to fix a lawful rate for any specified time, but if this were possible,
changing conditions would make a rate, lawful today, unlawful
648 £ATE-MA£INO F0WEB8 UNBEB OOMMISSION LAWS.
tomorrow, so that one incident to such lawful rates would be con-
tinuous rate-making.
The very tenn ^^ regulation ^^ negatives such a contention.
Eegulate means "to govern by, or subject to certain rules or
restrictions.^' As applied to utilities, it means the establishment
of general rules which are to govern the utilities in their activi-
ties. It would be inaccurate to apply it to a law which, instead
of establishing general rules to which the utiUly must conform,
fixed a line with which it required the rates to coincide without
any deviation whatever.
It may safely be concluded that the- fact. that a rate earns
more than a mere fair return does not of itself warrant th^con-
clusion that it is excessive or unreasonable.
What then do the words " just and reasonable '' mean as used
in these statutes? They had an established meaning prior to
the enactment of these statutes, and under the well settled rule
of statutory construction, must be taken as having been used in
that sense in these statutes. The words " just '^ and '' reason-
able'^ are regarded by the authorities as substantially synony-
mous.
The basis of all business is that, upon the average, sound trades
are beneficial to both parties to them. A merchant can con-
tinue his business because his goods are of more value to his
patrons than the money which they pay for them, and because
this money is of more value to him than his goods. Where the
benefit goes only to one party to the transaction the business
cannot exist. A merchant whose customers are harmed and not
benefited when they trade witli him will soon have no customers,
and on the other hand, a merchant who himself loses every time
he makes a sale will soon be compelled to go out of business.
Public utilities are no exception to this rule. Unless the ser-
vice of a utility is worth more to its patrons than the money
which they pay for it, the service cannot be sold. The patrons
will keep their money and forego the service. Again, unless the
money received for the service is worth more to the utility than
the service, that is, unless it exceeds the cost of giving the service,
this cost including the cost of obtaining capital, the business
cannot continue because under such conditions there would cease
to be utilities. What justifies the carrying on of any business
NATHANIEL T. GUBRNSBY. 649
and insures its permanence is this spread between the cost of pro-
ducing and selling what is sold and its value to the person who
buys it.
These fundamental considerations determine the basis for the
answer to the question — What is a just and reasonable rate?
It is a rate that justly and reasonably, that is, that equitably,
as between the utility and its patron, divides this spread. It is
a rate that equitably divides this profit that arises out of the
transaction of the business, giving a due proportion of it ito the
utility and to the subscriber. If an attempt were made to give
all of the profit to the patron, this would remove every induce-
ment to the utility to furnish the service and the business would
not continue. On the other hand, if all of the profit were to go
to the utility, there would be no inducement to the subscriber
to take the service. It would be worth nothing to him, and so
again the business would be discontinued. As was said by Mr.
Justice Swayze:*
On the one hand, a just and reasonable rate can never exceed, perhaps
can rarely equal, the value of the service to the consumer. On the other
hand, it can never be made by compulsion of public authority so low
as to amount to confiscation. A just and reasonable rate must certainly
fall somewhere between these two extremes, so as to allow both sides
to profit by the conduct of the business, and the improvements of
methods and increase of efficiency. Justice to tJie consumer, ordinarily,
would require a rate somewhat less than the full value of the service to
him; and justice to the company would, ordinarily, require a rate above
the point at which it would become confiscatory. To induce the invest-
ment and continuance of capital there must be some hope of gain com-
mensurate with that realizable in other business; the mere assurance
that the investment will not be confiscated would not suffice.
The question is not what the aggregate profits of the utility
may be. These depend very largely upon the volume of its busi-
ness. It should never be forgotten that what commissions are
authorized to regulate is rates, not profits. No state has at-
tempted to authorize its commission to regulate profits. The
question always is whether any particular charge or schedule of
charges to an individual or a conmiunity dealing with the utility
are, considering the services rendered, an unreasonable exaction.
As WBS said by Mr. Justice Brewer in the Cotting case :*
PuFBuing this thought, we add, that the state's regulation of his
chajges is not to be measured by the aggregate of his profits, determined
• PubKc Service Gas. Co. vs. Board of Public Utility Commissioners.
87 Atl. 651, 055.
• Cotting w. Kansas City Stock Yards Co., 183 U. S. 79.
660 RATJB>-MAKINQ POWERS UNDER COMMISSION LAWS.
by the volume of business, but by the question whether any particular
charge to an individual dealing with him is, considering the service
rendered, an unreasonable exaction. In other words, if he has a thousand
transactions a day and his charges in each are but a reasonable com-
pensation for the benefit received by the party dealing with him, such
charges do not become unreasonable because by reason of the midtitude
the aggregate of his profits is large. The question is not how much he
makes out of his volume of business, but whether in each particular
transaction the charge is an unreasonable exaction for the services ren-
dered. He has a right to do business. He has a right to charge for each
separate service that which is reasonable compensation therefor, and the
legislature may not deny him such reasonable compensation, and may not
interfere simply because out of the multitude of his transactions the
amount of his profits is large. Such was the rule of the common law
even in respect to those engaged in a quasi public service independent
of legislative action. In any action to recover for an excessive charge,
prior to all legislative action, who ever knew of an inquiiy as to the
amount of the total profits of the party making the charge? Was not
the inquiry always limited to the particular charge, and whether that
charge was an unreasonable exaction for the services rendered?"
This rule is amply established by the authorities as well as by
economic considerations. While the rule is clear^ it is necessarily
flexible. It is impossible to deduce a mathematical fonnula
through which it may be applied. The cost of rendering the
service may be determined with reasonable accuracy. Its value
in dollars is not susceptible of the same measurement^ but may be
ascertained with sufficient accuracy. There is no hard and fast
line showing just where the rates should fall to equitably divide
the spread between the cost of the service and its value, as
between the utility and its patron. What is the proper line is not
an arithmetical question. It is an economic question. Its solu-
tion demands the exercise of sound trained judgment. The ques-
tion arises as to each specific rate, and is whether that rate is
equitable as between the utility and the class of patrons to which
it applies. Is the rate fair to the utility ? Is it fair to its patrons ?
In addition to the governing fundamental factors which require
that the rate be more than the cost and less than the yalue of the
service, there are frequently many other considerations which
may properly be taken into account.
The rule of just and reasonable rates is as essential to its
patrons as it is to the utility. The value of every pubUc service
so tremendously exceeds what its patrons pay for it that there is
no case where they can afford to forego good service in order
obtain lower rates. The value of service is only completely
demonstrated wl^en th^e is difficulty iii obti^iuing it: \jnd^r such
NATHANIBL T. GUBRN8ST. 651
conditions it soon develops that cost is not the material factor.
The only question is how to obtain service.
A utility that is not prosperous cannot render either good
service or cheap service. To render good and eflBcient service,
and to do this economically^ requires an adequate amount of
money.
To take away from the utilities the power to make rates and to
attempt to secure service through publicly established rates in-
tended to afford a return barely equal to the cost of doing the
business^ including the cost of obtaining the necessary capital,
would result in a tremendously expensive failure. Aside from
the considerations that have already been suggested^ this would
be to put the business upon a cost plus basis — a basis that is nerer
adopted in ordinary business transactions where any other course
is available. It would remove all incentives to economy, good
management and progress. It would be in the case of public
utilities what it has always been in every other class of business —
extravagant and inefficient. The interests of the utilities and of
their patrons are identical in this matter. .They will both prosper
most under what the common law called just and reasonable
rates, that is, rates that afford to each party to it a profit from
the transaction.
PUBLIC UTILITY LAW.
BT
EDWIN O. EDGERTON,
OF CAUFOBXU.
•
I should Uke first to introduce myself by telling the beliefs
I have, which I have accumulated by an actual experience of ten
years on the California Commission, and some recent experience
at the head of a public utility.
In the first place, I have become convinced that regulatory
commissions have distinct fimctions that are not to be interfered
with by the courts, and on the other hand the courts have distinct
functions that are not to be interfered with by commissions.
Also, I wish to state this fundamental conclusion, that in this
extremely important matter, perhaps one of the most important
governmental functions we have, no change whatever should be
made except it can be pointed out that what we have now is not
tlie best, and improvement is possible. I am convinced that one
of tlie most successful experiments thai is being made in govern-
ment today in America is the regulation of public utilities.
It has been said by a very celebrated Englishman that not-
withstanding the Constitution of this country, the Declaration of
Independence, and the working out of our governmental institu-
tions, far and away the most important contribution to govern-
ment this country will make is the regulation of public utilities,
if it is successful; because it involves the obtaining of all the
benefits of monopolies and at the same time restraining the mo-
nopolies so they will not burden and injure the public. And I
say that in a Democracy wbere we have ample opportunity com-
pletely to control everything in this country, the public of Amer-
ica have shown very substantial acquiescence in the proposition
that these great public utilities' properties shall be dealt with
fairly, and shall not be subjected to the whims and the declara-
tions of the demagogue ; and in saying that I realize at the same
time that some things have been done in this country in the
(662)
BDWIK 0. EDGERTON. G53
matter of regulation that are not good; but those are minor. I
do say there is a tendeucj toward restriction, which is dangerous.
We must look back over the history of this matter of regulation
very briefly, to get a conception of how far we have gone. We
did have regulation in the b^inning, and that was by City
Councils and Boards of Supervisors, in annual rate fixing, rate
fixing by public ofSdals with no experience, wholly unequipped
adequately to go into the question of public service, only devoting
a few hours each year to it, confronted with a mass of data which
they could not digest or understand, and then have the duiy put
upon them of fixing rates to be charged by the^e public utilities ;
and at the same time confronted with the political danger that if
they fixed unpopidar rates their careers were at an end. That
system finally completely broke down; it was unsatisfactory to
everybody.
Among many other reasons why in my judgment the Public
Utility Acts .as we have them today were drawn as they were,
was that very situation of the endless, interminable litigation
in courts, whi^re injunction was sought against the city officials
fixing rates, and two, three or five years afterwards there might
be determination by the court, not what the rates should be, but
merely that those particular rates were invalid. So that in draw-
ing those acts it was the intention of the men who drew tiiera,
as I imderstand it, that that situation should not be possible to
exist And so they planned it that, first, a body should be set up,
to work continuously, with ample opportunity for investigation,
equipped with experts of its own, so that impartial investigation
could be had, with no real responsibility for management, so
that they would at all times be impartial in testing complaints
against acts of management, and with a very wide power within
certain limits in finding facts and coming to determinations
which should be final and go into effect without endless litigation.
And so we find these acts as a rule making these commis-
sioners^ findings as to facts final, and with very limited oppor-
tunity for appeal. Now imagine that same rule applying to city
councils. No serious-minded man would suggest such i thing.
But with a commission constantiy at work doing nothing else, its
sole job to become expert in the matter of values and rates, in
my judgment it is perfectly sound and safe to make its findings
664 PUBLIC UTILITY LAW.
final as to the facts. In my judgment the Commission is better
equipped than the courts to come to proper conclusions as to the
amount of property, basis of value, results of operation and pro-
duction of revenue; always, however, within the constitutional
limitations that confiscation shall not occur. Whether confis-
cation does result, in my judgment should rest with the court to
determine. I would in no degree whatever enlarge the powers of
the Commission in passing upon questions of law. It is not my
conception that a commission should be a court. I think the
Commission should be free to proceed informally, free from the
limitation of the rules of evidence in the presentation of cases.
I don't believe, however, that it is the proper function of the
Commission to determine whether or not it has jurisdiction in a
given case. I think the final decision should rest with the coTirt.
I think a mixed question of fact and law as to whether a given
activity is a public utility should be finally determined by the
courts and not by the Commission.
Now I insist that in the drawing of this Public Utility Act,
in limiting the appeal to the state courts, there was always in
mind this idea of safeguard to those who had invested in these
utilities; that however limited the appeal might be, there was
always the opportunity of complete de novo trial and review in
the federal court on federal constitutional questions; and I
insist that that is important, and should not be overlooked;
and I want to say right here that that opportunity is seldom
availed of. It cannot be said throughout this whole country
that the federal courts have, in substantial degree ever interfered
with or delayed or injured the process of regulation. I think
an investigation revealed something like this : Out of twenty-nine
odd thousand commission decisions in the last three years,
eighty-one of those decisions only have gone into the federal
court for new trial and review. And it may be said in California
that throughout the career of the present Commission, beginning
in 1912 when our Public Utility Act went into effect, not one
single dase involving rates has been tried in the federal courts.
I venture to say there have been not six appeals to the federal
courts, and in every single one of those appeals either the courts
sustained demurrers, or held that resort should first be had to
SDWIN 0. SDGSBXON. 665
the state courts and that remedy exhausted before appeal be
made to the federal court.
I am a firm believer in very wide powers remaining in these
commissions. In my judgment one reason for the success of
regulation — ^and let me explain the reason for my faith in the
success of regulation — one evidence is this : That during the war
and afterwards the public utilities went through a tremendously
severe strain. You all know of the enormous increase in the cost
of operation almost over night Yiou all know that the President
of the United States was much concerned that the utilities be
kept functioning during the war as an essential part of our war
effort, so much so that he addressed a public request to the
commissions all over the country that they so function as to keep
these great utility services operating in the interests of the people.
And you all know that as a fact the utilities in the main have
come through that period under regulation, and very severe regu-
lation, with a remarkable record of financial success.
I think it would be safe to say this : That of all the business
institutions in the United States as a class there are fewer pro-
portionate failures in the utilities caused by the confusion during
the war and afterwards than prevailed in any other class of
business, unless it be banks. Investigations have shown that
there were practically no failures during that period due to those
causes. I don't include those that were very much over-capi-
talized when the war commenced. And the remarkable confidence
of investors in our public utility securities is another notable
thing. That is evidenced by the comparatively low prices at
whidi public utility companies can secure money now. In Cali-
fornia hundreds of millions, actually, have been invested in these
securities, and hundreds of millions more must go in.
I think it unwise to lay down certain specific rules within
which a commission should function in the matter of fixing
reasonable rates. I look upon a commission as a body function-
ing with business considerations mainly in mind. I take it that
one of the jobs of a commission regulating a public utility is to
so act that that utility will be financially stronger and able to
do the job which it must do unless the public shall suffer. It is
impossible to freeze into a statute, for instance, a determination
that a given rate of return shall be given a utility. Whenever
656 PUBLIC UTILITY LAW.
that has been attempted difficulties have occurred* In the first
place, the rate of return must fluctuate or vary in some degree in
relation to the cost of money to that utility. If you say 5 per
cent today, and the cost of money goes up six months from now
to 8 or 9 per cent, the company is in difficulty > and then the
Commission would be confronted either with the necessity of
changing its rate basis or with the situation that the company
would have to close operations and the public suffer.
I think the better way is the way that w© now have generally
in this country^ and certainly in California. A commission with
wide discretion to so fix a rate of return as to enable that company
to obtain money readily for the necessary expenses of the busi-
ness; to persuade investors that once they put their money into
this utility, that investment will be safeguarded; and that, as
far as the business will permit, rates will be so fixed as to pro-
vide a continual return to those investors.
I have never been able to find, in all of the discussion that has
occurred in this matter of fixing rates based on the value of
service, any standard you could get hold of. We have been able
to find a standard based on profits. It is concrete and definite.
I want to make a clear distinction here between rate fixing
and condemnation. Most commissions in this country today are
using investment as a rate base against which the rate of return
is determined. But the courts use another base, and in my
judgment must continue to use that other base under the Con-
stitution. The courts as a rule have determined that the true
test is the value of the property devoted to the public use ; and
of coures value is not investment. They may be the same at some
given moment, but not necessarily. Under the Constitution of
the United States the courts must continue to use that as their
main standard, because the Constitution speaks of property, and
property can only be tested by value. It makes no difference what-
ever what I pay for my house and lot, if you seek to take it for
public purposes you have got to pay me what it is worth. If I
paid fifty per cent of its market value you have no right to think
you can take it from me for that fifty per cent.
There are many sound reasons why: Because an investor in
a public utility property, if he were asked " Upon which basis
do you prefer to invest, that we take your dollar and provide
BDWIN 0. EDQBBTON. 657
a continuouB return^ or that we take your dollar today as a dollar^
but if the market price changes and six months from now we cut
your dollar in half/' there is no question what he would say. As
a matter of fact I am satisfied that in this country today the vast
amount of money that is being invested in utilities is with the
idea in mind that the value of the dollar is going to be preserved.
As long as these commissions so function as to enable the
utilities to produce a return, they are not violating the law ; and
if they so function, using business judgment, as to enable that
corporation to make reasonable rates to consumers, they are put
in a position where their bonded indebtedness may be paid. I see
no necessity in building up a large surplus in a public utility
company as long as the condition of the utility is such as to
attract investment.
In condemnation, however, another situation arises. There the
property owners are to be deprived of their property forever.
Once the prop^rty is taken over it has gone forever from the
present owners. So in my judgment the constitutional test of
value should be applied, and I think most of the commissions do
it in the condemnation proceedings. But in the matter of rates
it seems to me it is in the interest of the public and the utilities
both that there should be a constant business judgment exercised
by commissions.
Then there is the tremendously important function of these
commissions in authorizing stock and bond issues. I admit there
is no legal liability on the part of the state when these commis-
sions authorize a stock or bond issue ; but I do insist that having
investigated and having come to a solemn conclusion that the
issuance of stocks and bonds is proper, there is a responsibility
on the part of the Commission afterwards to so act in fixing
rates that those properties should not go too low. In my judg-
ment there is never a rate case coming before any commission
except that is kept in view ; and if that is to be considered, we
inevitably get to the question of profits.
Assuming that a company is fairly soundly capitalized, then
it is an important consideration in a rate proceeding whether or
not the proposed rates will produce sufficient revenue profitably
to support that capitalization; because obviously if dividends
must be passed, if there is not sufficient income to pay bonds.
658 P0BLIO UTILITY LAW.
that utility company is going to break down. And there again the
Commission has responsibility^ because one of its futLctions is to
see to it that the service is continuous and is being rendered. So
the Commission must give very important consideration to the
question of profits with all these factors before it.
Having advocated that commissions be free, with ample power
and with full responsibility, it would be very unwise to so legislate
'that a utility would itself in the first place fix rates, and the
Commission merely review those rates. I believe if we are to have
successful regulation there should be ample power given to the
commissioner to make rates, and then he should be held respon-
sible for that power.
We must realize that our utilities have grown in size greatly,
and they are serving widespread communities at different costs.
We all know that it is an utter impossibility to so fix rates as to
exactly assess them against each class of service. We all know
that regulators have to face the problem that in some parts of the
utilities* territory it is impossible that the full burden of cost be
carried by a class of service in that particular place, and yet for
the interest of the people in that place it is wise that the service
be maintained, and that perhaps more than the exact cost be
carried by consumers in another district.
I say the question of how the burden shall be spread, the ques-
tion of how to place that burden upon the consumers, the very
nice adjustment that must be made between the classes of con-
sumers, must all be taken into consideration. I say that the
judgment is partly a matter of state policy, and should be deter-
mined by the regulating body, and not by the company itself. I
donH think it is fair to place the responsibility finally upon the
company, but I think it would be a bad thing for the companies
themselves if they were given that responsibility.
I would like to urge upon you this consideration : It is f undar
mentally unwise to look about to change our fundamental govern-
mental machinery every time a group, no matter how large, of
our citizens become dissatisfied with the decision of our com-
missions or of the courts; and yet there is a very noticeable
tendency in that direction.
Take this Bacharach bill. I don't know what caused the
initiation of that legislation. Perhaps the inherent weaknew of
KDWIN 0. EDGKBTON. 669
the bill itself in its language could be corrected^ bnt I am opposed
to it in principle, and it is an evidence of dangerous tendencies
that shonld be checked. It is there proposed to restrict the
functions of the federal court. As I read that bill it is a pro-
posal to inhibit the taking of jurisdiction by the lower federal
court in a case where injunction is sought against the action of
a state board or commission; and I assume its main purpose
is to prevent a complete review in the federal court of the
regulating body's decision. I say that is an effort to completely
change our fundamental scheme.
Here is a question where a federal question is iiwolved^
confiscation, for instance. It is proposed to prevent the federal
court from issuing injunction to hold the situation as it is until
proper inquiry can be made. The lawyers of this country, if they
believe in our institutions, should unquestionably resist such a
proposal, fundamentally. If our machinery is not functioning
perfectly, if there are conditions which should in some degree
be changed, let us go about the matter intelligently ; but why tear
it all to pieces merely to correct some creaking that there may be
in our machinery.
If it is true that objection is made that a large and costly
record built up before the state commission was unavailable in
the federal court, why not make that record available? If you
say that record was built up without regard to the rules of evi-
dence, and therefore should not properly be introduced in a court,
my answer is this : As I understand it, the principal reason for
the rules of evidence being maintained in our courts is that it
is a safeguard thrown around our jury system ; that it would be
highly dangerous to permit the same freedom in introduction of
evidence before a jury of twelve uninformed men ; that the jury-
men are not able to discard that which should not be considered
and accept that which is proper evidence. But if this same matter
were to come before a judge trained in the matter of discerning
those things, which should be given weight and discarding those
which should not, no harm could result. So I say it is a matter
of importance to consider whether that costly record should not
be presented to the federal court when appeal is made, and not
thrown aside, and let the court accept that evidence which is
proper and give i|; Bi;ch weight as should be given to it. That is
660 PUBLIC UTILITY LAW.
a proposal to free the court and not restrict it; that is giving the
court machinery greater freedom; whereas^ the Bacharach bill,
and all such proposals, are by way of tying the hands of the
courts.
The same disposition has been manifested with relation to
commission decisions. When a commission finds it necessary
to increase rates, we find those rates do not meet the popular
favor, and frequently there is an attempt to restrict the Com-
mission and tie its hands so that it won't be able to raise the
rates. I say that is wholly and fundamentally wrong.
I would like to suggest to you that I believe the lawyers of
this coiintry ought definitely to stand upon principle, if they
believe that our fundamental scheme of government in this coun-
try is sound; and they very properly should insist on standing
by these principles, and to the greatest degree possible inform
the public of the sound reasons why. I do not agree with the
judge who spoke yesterday at one of the sessions who said that the
judiciary is unpopular and in bad favor with the public. I don't
agree with some lawyers who have the same idea about the Bar.
My idea is that the lawyers are the experts in this country on
questions of law, and the public is entitled to know their best
judgment on those questions just as with engineering, and other
expert subjects. I say if the lawyers believe that this country
has the best governmental institutions of any country on earth,
as they should believe, they should stand by those institutions,
and resist all attempts to emasculate and destroy those things
which we have found successful.
PBESERVATION OF BALANCE BETWEEN FEDERAL
AND STATE POWERS OF PUBLIC UTILITY
REGULATION.
BT
HUGH GORDON,
OF CAUFWNU.
9
If anything remained after the enactment of the Transporta-
tion Act of 1920 to demonstrate the necessity of coordination
between federal and state powers of regulation^ that demon-
stration was supplied by the decision of the United States
Supreme Court in the Wisconsin Eate Case. A new and vital
force of constructive regulation was injected into the Interstate
Commerce Act by the 1920 statute. The Supreme Court has
poin^d it out and sustained it. The rates fixed by state authority
in Wisconsin were superseded by those prescribed by the national
regulatory body. On the other hand, it must be recognized, as
the court did recognize in the Wisconsin case, that the states
as well as the nation are to continue in the exercise of regulatory
powers over public utilities, including interstate railroads. Each
has its sphere of useful action. Public interest demands, not
only that the limits of these respective jurisdictions be defined
to avoid clash, but that the two regulatory powers be coordinated
for the more efficient procurement of good service from public
utilities. There is no high road to the solution of this problem.
It is interesting, however, and may somewhat guide our future
steps, to see what has been the course along which regulation,
both state and federal, has developed. For this purpose, the
Public Utilities Act of California, as presenting a typical case
of regulation, may be compared with the Interstate Commerce
Act.
As early as 1879 provision was made in the Constitution of
the State of California for a railroad commission intended to
curb and prevent the abuses which were incident to railroad
operations throughout the country. Discrimination in charges,
combinations between rail carriers and boat lines, and the shifting
(661)
662 BALANCE BETWBBN FEDEAAL AND STATE POWERS.
of rates to throttle competition, were prohibited. The Com-
mission which was then created was authorized to establish rates,
to prescribe a uniform system of accounts, to hear and determine
complainls against transportation companies, examine books
and records, issue subpoenas, take testimony and punish for
contempt, all of which powers apparently gave real control over
the carriers and apparently afforded a basis for the protection
of the public interest It was, however, only apparent. The
railroads continued to be dominant factors in state politics, and
this political control extended to the Commission itself. To
quote the apt language of a former member of the present Com-
mission's staff:
An aroused public sentiment had established this railroad commission
of 1879 to write the epitaph of railway rule. But all it wrote was the
feeble record of its own subserviency.
The essential reason, however, why this early legislation was
ineffective was not the subserviency of the men entrusted with
its enforcement The big fault was in the measures, not in the
men. The outstanding feature of all the early laws was 'that
they sought to prohibit, to restrict and to punish. Nothing was
done, or thought necessary to be done, to encourage and develop
the business regulated. The constructive quality was lacking.
This was equally characteristic of the Interstate Commerce
Act from its enactment in 1887 until its amendment years
later, and, in large measure, until the amendment of 1920. Both
state and nation began regulation upon the assumption that com-
petition, limited only by punitive rules to prevent unfair fighting,
was the proper safeguard of the public interest The fallacy
of this assumption has long since been recognized, and it has
now been thoroughly demonstrated, not only that regulation pre-
dicated solely upon prohibitory and punitive laws is a failure,
but that regulation which combines with these restrictive pro-
yisions a constructive scheme for the efficient development of
public utilities, is an unqualified success. The change began
with the states, and it is the states, and not the national govern-
ment which have demonstrated the success of constructive regu-
lation. The establishment of state public service commissionis,
railroad commissions and kindred bodies, together with the
enactment and enforcement of the state laws under which these
HUGH GORDON. 663
conunissions function as regulatory bodies^ has created effective
gOTemmental control of privately owned utilities. The laws
under which regalation has become an accomplished fact are in
striking contrast with the wholly inadequate measures which
preceded them. California offers a typical example of the change.
In this state, real regalation began in 1912. In that year new
legislation, the result of two hard-fought years of political war
against railroad control, became effective. A complete and work-
able scheme of regulation was provided, the basic part of which
was written into the Constitution of the State. A commission
of five members, appointed by the Governor for terms of six
years, but so arraCnged that not more than two members would go
out of office in any one year, was vested with plenary powers
to supervise and regulate all public utilities. The general scope
of its authority was defined by the Constitution. The details
for the exercise of power, and the means by which it should be
applied and enforced were provided by a subsequent statute
known as the Public Utilities Act. This statute was the result
of the study and adaptation of the desirable features of all
similar laws already in operation elsewhere. It is typical, there-
fore, of thorough going state legislation on this subject. Ten
years of successful operation has shown that it accomplished all
that was intended in providing a complete and workable plan
of regulation. New and important measures were provided to
protect the public interest in privately owned and operated
utilities. Not only were the abuses which had formerly existed
effectively prohibited, but the conditions which gave rise to the
abuses were fairly met and eliminated. Therein lies the con-
structive quality and real merit of all regulation.
By far, the most important change was in the method of fixing
rates. IJiider the older statutes all sorts of prohibitions had
existed against unjust, discriminatory and preferential rates.
But for all practical purposes, regulation stopped at that point.
Even the power nominally vested in the Commission to fix the
rates was useless in absence of provision for a method and the
means to apply the power. Under the new order of things, the
deficiencies were supplied. Under a competent organization of
accoimtants, engineers and other experts, valuations were made
and operating costs checked by an impartial body of trained men.
664 BALANCE BETWEEN FEDERAL AND STATE POWERS.
The determination of reasonable rates was then possible and
quickly became a reality. Rates were fixed to yield a fair return
upon the reasonable value of all property used in public service.
This^ in substance^ is the now generally recognized sound basis
of rate regulation. In its practical application many desirable
results have followed. Not only have reductions been made in
costs to the consumer but it has at once eliminated the time-
worn complaint against unjust charges based upon watered stock,
over capitalization, recoupment of competition losses, or common
greed. By no means the least important element of the success
of this plan of rate making is to be found in the fact that the
utilities themselves have recognized in it something more than
a restrictive check on their operations. It not only prohibited
excessive charges, but gave assurance of a fair return based upon
reasonable charges, and thus laid the foundation stone for co-
operation between the public and the utilities. Public service
companies then became public servants in fact as well as in
theory, rather than public enemies.
The rate fixing part of regulation could only be eflfectively sus-
tained by the use of another vital element in the plan — the
elimitiation of unnecessary competition. This prolific source of
economic waste, if permitted, would render it impossible to
determine what rate would provide a reasonable return on the
property invested. The old doctrine that competition is the life
of trade has no application to regulated public business. If an
established public utility giving adequate service at reasonable
rates la a given community diould suddenly be met with a
vigorous competitor, seeking to snatch away, or at least divide,
the available revenues, then the very basis for determining reason-
able rates would be destroyed. On the other hand, an established
utility which failed to live up to its obligations to the public could
be most effectively chastened, and, if need be, eliminated, by the
presence of a competitor. It was highly important, therefore,
that the same regulatory body that fixed the rates should deter-
mine what public utility should perform the service. This was
done by placing within the power of the railroad commission to
grant or withhold a certificate of public convenience and neces-
sity, without which none were permitted to engage in a public
utility enterprise in a field already served.
HTTGH GORDON. ' 666
The third feature of outstanding importance is the regulation
of the issuance by public utilities of stocks and bonds. Here
again, there is a direct relationship to reasonable rates. The
purpose of stock and bond issues is, of course, to acquire capital
and property with which to operate, and upon the fair value of
this property and ita usefulnesa the public service rates are deter-
mined. It is clear, therefore, that the proper exercise of the
power to control stock and bond issues not only guarantees the
elimination of over-capitalization and its resultant evils, but
facilitates the work of establishing rates in correct relation to
the basic value of the enterprise to the public.
Closely connected with the control over stock and bond issues
is the power to require the maintenance of a proper depreciation
reserve and to control its use. By this means the utility, and
hence the public, is assured of means to keep the operative prop-
erty intact for the uses to which it is dedicated. The rates, of
course, directly reflect the allowance of depreciation reserve.
Proper capitalization, sound financing and maintenance of
depreciation reserve are nothing more than the dictates of good
business management to keep an enterprise in healthy and pros-
perous condition. The financial health of a public utility is as
much a matter of public concern as of private interest.
What has been said deals with the broad features of construc-
tive regulation. They /nay be typified as those affecting the gen-
eral welfare of the utility. In addition to these, there are many
powers in a complete scheme of regulation, all of which more
directly affect the character of service rendered. It will suffice
to briefly mention them. They include the power to require new
facilities such as depots, spur tracks, and extension of lines; to
require the making of physical connections with lines of other
utilities, and the installation of joint rates; the power to pre-
scribe health and safety rules, and to order the installation of
safety devices. Of major importance is the power to order the
elimination of grade crossings and to apportion the cost between
the utilities and the political subdivisions affected. There are
also provisions covering such subjects as discrimination; long
and short haul, undue preferences, the publication of rates and
tariffs and the requirement that all charges be in accordance with
the published tariffs.
\
666 BALAKOB BBTWBSK FEDHfiAL AND STATE POWERS.
The detail of procedure by which the Oommiesion hearings are
held^ decisions and orders rendered and ultimately enforced, is
typical of all regulatory statutes. It is important to notice, how-
ever, that a special procedure is provided for a speedy review
by the Supreme Court of the state of any Commission decision,
and for the annulment of those orders which are violative of con-
stitutional rights or are made in excess of jurisdiction. Such
a review, however, must be predicated upon an application to the
Conmiission for rehearing, designed to afford to ihe Commission
itself an opportunity to correct such error as may be pointed out
in its decision.
Two important amendments have been made in the law of
regulation of California. The first deals with the valuation by
the Commission of public utility property sought to be condenmed
by a city or other political subdivision. This amendment has
been successfully used in a number of cases where cities have
acquired the distribution systems of electric and water utilities
serving the municipalities. The second amendment is of a
more fundamental character, and very significant of the present
situation in the regulation of interstate railroad rates. Prior to
1914, the California Commission had no jurisdiction to fix the
rates of a utility for service rendered within the limits of a city.
This part of the rate fixing power was vested in the local authori-
ties. Endless confusion and practical obstruction to the work
of the Commission in its broader field was the result. By con-
stitutional amendment therefore, the Commission was given fhe
exclusive power to fix all rates. It was thus made possible to
treat large utilites as a unity. Local preferences and restric-
tions, imposed at the expense of other parts of a system, were
eliminated. The good effect of this amendment and the sound
reason behind it are clearly apparent. It would appear that the
same conditions, with a similar remedy, applied for the same
sound reason, have been recognized in the regulation of inter-
state rates or railroads.
At the present time regulation under the Federal Law closely
resembles that of the states. Its development has been much
slower. The Interstate Commerce Act, at the time of its enact-
ment in 1887, represented the same driving attempt on the part
of the National Congress as that seen in the earlier state regula-
HUGH QOfiDON. 667
tion to curb and destroy the abuses of railroad operations. It was
preceded by, and its terms reflected the demonstration of popular
feeling, evidenced by the granger laws. It is not surprising,
therefore, that we find the provifiions of the original act to be a
little more than a lengthy dedaration of prohibited acts and
practices, coupled with provisions for the prosecution and pun-
ishment of offenders.
A brief review of its provisions will best illustrate its char-
acter. Section 1 declares that all charges for transportation
shall be just and reasonahle, and that '^ every unjust and unrea-
sonable charge for such service is prohibited and declared to be
unlawful.^' Section 2 defines ''unjust discrimination,'* forbids
it, and declares it to be unlawful. By Section 3, undue and
unreasonable preference and advantage are forbidden; likewise,
discrimination between connecting lines; then follows the long
and short haul section, forbidding a carrier to charge a greater
sum for transportation for a shorter than for a longer dis-
tance over the same line and in the same direction, the shorter
being included within the longer distance. Section 5 declares
unlawful the pooling of freight and the division of earnings.
There is a section requiring the printing and posting of tariffs,
and another prohibiting the doing of any act (excepting in good
faith) to prevent the continuous passage of freight to the point of
shipment to destination. The remainder of the act deals with
liabilities and penalties, with the creation of the Interstate Com-
merce Act and its jurisdiction to hear complaints and exercise
inquisitorial powers.
This Compendium of prohibitive legislation continued in oper-
ation as such for 19 years. Prior to 1906 no amendments were
made which suggested any change in the general defensive char-
acter of the act. In that year, however, and under the sweep of
progressive legislation of President Roosevelt's administration, an
amendment was made to authorize the Commission to prescribe
TnRTiTnnm reasonable rates for the future. This marked the first
step toward constructive regulation. In the same year both ex-
press companies and oil pipe lines were brought under regula-
tion ; and in 1910 the act was extended to include telephone and
telegraph companies. In both 1906 and 1910 important changes
were made to strengthen the regulatory powers already created.
668 BALANCE BETWEEN FEDERAL AND STATE POWERS.
These changes are best described by a common expression. They
were intended " to put teeth in the act/^
Of far more importance, in the development toward con-
structive regulation, were the amendments of 1913 and 1914.
The Interstate Commerce Commission was then authorized and
directed to make a complete valuation of all railroads. This
unmistakably marks the tendency of federal regulation toward
the adoption and use the same methods already successfully in
operation in the states.
The final steps to this end are found in the amendments of
1920. Federal legislation then virtually took a page from the
Public Utility laws of the states and applied it to regulation
of Interstate Commerce. The Interstate Commerce Act for the
first time became a well-balanced regulatory statute. Well bal-
anced because it acquired provisions of a constructive quality
in addition to its old prohibitory and punitive measures. As in
the development of state regulation, the most important change
was in the method of fixing rates. As said by the Supreme Court
in the Wisconsin rate case ;
The new measure imposed an affirmative duty on the Interstate Com-
merce Commission to nx rates and take other important steps to main-
tain an adequate railway service for the people of the United States.
In another portioi^ of the same opinion it is stated :
The latter, the most novel and most important feature of the act,
requires the commission so to prescribe rates as to enable the carriers
as a whole, or in groups selected oy the Commission, to earn an aggregate
annual net railway operating income equal to a fair return on the aggre-
gate value of the railway property used in transportation.
As the court indicates the novelty of this plan is only in its
application to the exercise of federal power to regulate Interstate
Commerce. This basis for fixing rates was not a novel thing in
state regulation. Its importance in the larger field is none the
less great. The valuation of the interstate railroad began in 1914
is nearing completion. Reasonable rates based on fair return
on the ff^alue of the property devoted to public use proved a sound
and constructive measure in state regulation. The interest of
both the public and the utility were thereby protected and fos-
tered. It is reasonable to conclude, therefore, that proportion-
ately larger benefits to both the public and the railroad utilities
will result from its use in federal regulation.
HUQH GOBDON. 669
Other features of constructive regulation give assurance that
federal legislation in 1920 'attained a degree of completeness,
comparable with that of the states. The provision for control
by the Interstate Commerce Commission of issuance of stocks
and bonds is the coimter part of similar beneficial provisions in
state regulation. The same is true as to the regulation and
control, in accordance with public convenience and necessity,
of the construction of new lines and the abandonment of old ones.
The regulation of car supply and the power to require joint use
of terminals is like the State Bailroad Commission's power to
require adequate facilities with which to render the public service
undertaken.
An important and most significant feature is that which
authorizes the Interstate Commerce Commission to deal with
the carriers in large units or in groups. This is seen both in the
provision relating to rates and in the power conferred upon the
Commission to authorize combinations of the railroads into a
limited number of systems in accordance with plans approved
to be by the Commission. Nothing so clearly as this, contradicts
the old idea of restrictive regulation. The fallacy that competi-
tion, per se, promotes the public interest is therein practically
admitted. The act, in terms, provides for the preservation of
competition as fully as possible under the consolidation plan, but
this competition is distinctly diflferent from that formerly en-,
couraged. In service alone can there be real competition under
an eflEective plan of regulation.
The successful competitor will be the carrier or the system
which best meets the needs of the shipping and traveling public.
Competition of this character is consistent with economic pro-
gress. It is entirely inconsistent with legislation of an exclusively
restrictive and punitive character. Nothing is more definitely
established at the present time than that good service results
from, and public interest requires, a prosperous, well managed
and soundly financed utility. (*'No starved horse will pull
a heavy load.'') Federal regulation of interstate carriers has,
by the changes of 1920, assumed a constructive quality consistent
with this principle.
The course of development in regulation has been traced.
Both the states and the federal government, beginning with
670 BALAXCE BETWEEN FEDERAL AND STATE POWERS.
laws framed ** to prohibit '^ and '' to punish ^' have within a period
, of 40 years, by progressive amendments, achieved effective regu-
lation under a system of laws which primarily tend to encourage
and develop the enterprise and only incidentally to restrict its
operations or to prohibit unjust injury of others. The idea of
hostility between the utilities and the public has been abandoned
and in its place has come the realization that the two interests
in a measure are identical. By the sound economic development
of one, the other is necessarily benefited.
Broadly speaking, state and federal statutes for regulation have
reached the same end. Both present a substantially complete
scheme of legislation with points of distinct similarity in their
constructive features. There is necessarily a point of contact
between them. It is found in the fact that both deal with rail-
roads, telegraph lines and other properties, the use of which is
inextricably mingled with state and interstate commerce. How
can the two jurisdictions be co-ordinated?
This is, in reality, an old question in new form. Nationalism,
states rights, and the relationship between state and federal
powers have engaged the thoughtful attention of jurists and
statesmen from the very beginning of our government. It is
equally so today. There is no finality in the determination of
such issues, where living principles of law are involved, economic
development will produce new conditions to confront us with
the perennial problem of applying the law to the facts.
This is a lawyer^s problem. As a lawyer, therefore, seeking to
define the scope of a provision of the Constitution, refer to the
earliest case cited in " Shephard.^' It is one of John MarshalFs
decisions. The last paragraph of the opinion condenses into a
few terse phrases the basic principle for coordinated state and
federal jurisdiction. The court says :
We do not think that the act empowering the Black Bird Creek
Marsh Company to place a dam across the creek, can, under all the
circumstances of the case, be considered as repugnant to the power
to regulate commerce in its dormant state, or as being in cooiflict with
any law passed on the subject.
In the earlier case of Gibbons et al vs. Ogden the great Chief
Justice rendered the opinion which so thoroughly defined the
supremacy of the national government in the regulation of inter-
HUGH OOBDON. 671
state commerce. Bnt in that decision the continuing state power
ifi recognized :
The genius and character of the whole government seem to be, that
its action is to be appUed to all the external concerns of -the nation,
and to those internal concerns which affect the states generally: but not
to those which are completely within a particular state, which do not
affect other states, and with which it is not necessary to int^ere, for
the piupose of executing some of the general powers of the government.
Judicial interpretation of regulatory power as thus expressed
in 1824 is reflected in the decisions of 1922. Three recent cases
present interesting conditions under which both the state and the
federal power of regulation is upheld. In a concluding para-
graph of the Wisconsin rate case^ Chief Justice Taft has said :
It is said that our conclusion gives the Commission unified control
of interstate and intrastate commerce. It is only imified to the extent
of maintaining efficient regulation of interstate commerce under the
paramount power of Congress. It does not involve general regulation
of intrastate commerce. Action of the Interstate Commerce Com-
mission in this regard should be directed to substantial disparity
which operates as a real discrimination against, and obstruction to,
interstate commerce, and must leave appropriate discretion to the state
authorities to deal with intrastate rates as between themselves on the
general level which the Interstate Commerce Commission has found
to be fair to interstate conmierce.
The Supreme Court in a decision rendered January 3, 1921,
upheld the validity of an order of the Board of Public Utility
Commissioners of the State of New Jersey for the elimination
by an interstate railroad of certain highway grade crossings.
Mr. Justice Holmes, in stating the opinion of the court in that
case said :
To engage in interstate commerce the railroad must get on to the
land; and, to get on to it, must comply with the conditions imposed
by the state for the safety of its citizens. Contracts made by the road
are made subject to the possible exercise of the sovereign right.
The third of the recent cases referred to was decided March
13, 1922. It determined that the power conferred upon the
Interstate Commerce Commission by the Transportation Act of
1920 to grant a certificate of public convenience and necessity
authorizing the construction of new lines and the abandomnent
of old ones, did not empower the Commission to authorize the
total abandonment of a certain line of railroad in Texas, and thus
end intrastate operations. Mr. Justice Van Devanter in render-
ing the opinion makes these observations :
Up to the time the Commission made the order granting the certifi-
cate, a part of the commerce passing over the road was interstate and
22
672 BALANCE BETWEEN FEDERAL AND STATE POWERS.
foreign; that is, was bound to or from other states and foreigpi coun-
tries. It is not questioned that Congress could, nor that it did, authorize
the Commission to sanction a discontinuance of this interstate and
foreign business. Neither is it questioned that the Commission's
certificate was adequate for that purpose.
The road lies entirely within a single state, is owned and operated
by a corporation of that state, and is not a part of another line. Its
continued operation solely in intrastate commerce cannot be of more
than local concern. Interstate and foreign commerce will not be bur-
dened or affected by any shortage in the earnings, nor will any carrier
in such commerce have to bear or make good the shortage, it is not
as if the road were a branch or extension whose unremunerative opera-
tion would or might burden or cripple the main line, and thereby affect
its utility or service as an artery of interstate and foreign commerce.
After a brief review of the provisions of the Act, the opinion
proceeds :
These considerations persuade us that the paragraphs in question
should be interpreted and read as not clothing the Commission with
any authority over the discontinuance of the purely intrastate business
of a road whose situation and ownership, as here, are such that inter-
state and foreign commerce will not be burdened or affected by a
continuance of that business.
Whether, apart from the Commission's certificate, the raifaroad com-
pany is entitled to abandon its intrastate business, is not before us, so
we have no occasion for considering to what extent the decisions in
Brooks-Scanlon Co. vs. Railroad Commission, 251 U. S. 396, 64 L. ed.
323, P. U. R. 1920C 579, 40 Sup. Ct. Rep. 183, and Bullock vs. Railroad
Commission, 264 U. 8. 613, 65 L. ed. 380, P. U. R. 1921B, 507. 41 Sup.
Ct. Rep. 193, may be applicable to this road.
It is to be noted that these cases discuss three distinct features
of regulation, rate fixing, safety of grade crussings, and the
abandonment of lines in accordance with public convenience and
necessity. The first deals with conditions under which the exer-
cise of federal power was necessarily exclusive. The second is
an instance wherein the railroad, notwithstanding its interstate
character was clearly subject to the exclusive regulatory power
exercised by the state. In the third case there is apparently
shown a situation where both state and federal regulation may
be applied.
No decision has been noticed dealing with that important
feature of regulation upon which both state and federal govern-
ments have enacted laws for the control of issuance of securities.
In view of the fact that all corporations are creatures of the
state law, it will be interesting to see what may be determined
by the Supreme Court as to the power of the Interstate Com-
merce Commission to authorize or require these corporations to
increase or diminish their stock issues.
HUGH GORDON. 673
Undoubtedly federal power in the regulation of interstate
commerce has been greatly extended wjthin recent years. The
Interstate Commerce Act has been made a much liiore effctiye
piece of legislative machinery for constructive regulation. But
it has not superseded all state regulation of the instrumentalities
of interstate commerce. The state legislative machinery has not
been rendered obsolete by functional depreciation.
Regulation of public utilities as exemplified by our various
legislative provisions dealing with the subject is a distinctly
American institution. It is as much a feature of our govern-
mental development as is the development of railways a feature
of our economic growth. Being then a governmental institution
it should be regarded in the future as it has been in the past as
incident to both the state and national sovereignties. Therefore,
in the growth of federal power it is not proper to recognize a
basis for the prediction that state lines will be wholly forgotten
in future regulation. It would rather appear that under our
form of government each state as, ** the sovereign of the soil "
will always exercise its police powers in some features of regula-
tion. At the present time the states undoubtedly play a large
and importannt part in the work. It may be seriously questioned
whether as a practical matter the Interstate Commerce Cora-
mission as now organized, could effectively discharge all the duties
incident to the complete regulation of interstate commerce. Con-
gress apparently recognizing this possibility, expressly provided
in the Transportation Act that the Interstate Commerce Com-
mission could avail itself of the instrumentalities of the states.
That the Commission has done so is shown by the fact that within
the past year the California Commission has on three different
occasions conducted proceedings on behalf of the Interstate Com-
merce Commission on matters effecting both state and interstate
railroads. Also within the past year the National Association of
State Commissions has been working with the Interstate Com-
merce Commission to develop practical methods whereby co-oper-
ation in the exercise of the regulatory powers of the two could be
made effective. However much, these things may be indicative
of a tendency toward the elimination of friction, it would appear
that the balance between state and federal powers is to be pre-
served by co-ordination of action based upon a realization of the
674 BALANCE BETWEEN FEDERAL AND STATE POWERS.
development which has taken place within the past two decades
in donstnietive regulation. What has been true in the states is
equally true in the nation. Bestrictive legislation will produce
neither co-ordination nor co-operation in effective regulation.
Hostility by states through unreasonable insistence of their right
of local control will not be productwe of the economic develop-
ment of the utilities. It ts a sound principle^ that regulation of
a large system^ just as the management of such a system, can be
most effectively applied to the system as a whole. Until the time
arrives, if ever it will arrive when this principle is effectively
carried out by federal legislation, every effort should be made on
the part of both the state regulatory bodies and the Interstate
Commerce Commission to co-operate in the fullest degree toward
the common purpose of regulating interstate utilities for the
purpose of development and promotion rather than of restriction
and punishment.
THE RIGHTS OP THE UTILITY UNDEE
COMMISSION REGULATION.
BY
FRANKLIN T. GRIFFITH,
OF OBEGON.
The regulation of public utilities by public commissions is
now on trial to greater or lesser degree throughout the United
States. There has been a popular idea that utilities and com-
missions were in constant conflict and that the utility was more
or less of an outlaw to be arrested and punished by the com-
mission.
It is the purpose of this paper to show that under regulation
by state commissions^ the utility has certain definite rights which
it may enforce for the protection of its property and business:
that^ in asserting such rights^ tffe utility is not an outlaw, but
stands on principles which appeal to all fair-minded citizens.
And finally we would establish the proposition, that it is in
the best interest of the utility, as well as of the consumer, for
the utility to aid the commission in fair regulation; that^ with
such co-operation, there will be no occasion for resort to the courts
to secure the constitutional rights of the utility.
First, let us trace the historical development of state regula-
tion of pubUc utilities, and thus ascertain the reason for such
regulation, and the purposes to be accomplished thereby.
Historical Review of State Rboulation.
In the earliest times of which we have authentic records, var-
ious monopolies were created under licenses, grants or patents
from the chief, crown or sovereign. Such grants were made for
the enrichment of the granting power and not for the benefit
of the public. There was little or no attempt to prescribe any
conditional limitation in the conduct of such monopolies in
favor of the buying public.
The beneficiary under the license, grant, patent or franchise
sought to use his sole privileges to his sole profit, and he adopted
(676)
676 RIGHTS OF THB UTILITY UNDER COMMISSION REGULATION.
such a course of conduct in the handling of the business of his
monoply as would tend to increase his profits. Such a course was
generally satisfactory to the grantor, for thereby the grantee was
able to pay greater fees for the right to exercise exclusive
privileges.
These early grants were not restricted to any particular class
or kind of business, but the subject and nature of the grant de-
pended upon the will of the sovereign. If the sovereign observed
that a profitable business was being operated along any line or
in any commodity, he would assert his prerogative, and license
that particular business upon a basis which would furnish revenue
to the Crown. This was justified upon the theory that the armies
and government of the Crown furnished protection to enable the
grantee peacefully to pursue his business, and hence it was only
equitable that the grantee should make a return for this pro-
tection.
Thus we see that the first grants of monoply in business were
really nothing more than exclusive licenses upon a tax-paying
basis. State regulation, not for the benefit of the public, but for
the benefit of the sovereign, was the established order of things.
Under this system of grants from the chief, crown or sovereign,
a system of monopolies was developed, grantees were enriched,
business was closed to those who were not fortunate enough to
enjoy the benefits of a royal grant or license, and the buying
public was denied the benefit of competitive selling. Little dis-
tinction was made between the lines of business that were natural
monopolies and latterly considered to be public business, and those
lines of business which were strictly private in character ; under
such licenses or grants artificial monopolies were developed in
private business.
Gradually, the buying public demanded relief and protection ;
relief from the artificial monopolies and protection under the
natural monopolies. The buying public demanded competition
in all lines of business which were not natural monopolies ; a large
class of prospective merchants who, under the system of artificial
monopolies, had been denied the right to engage in business, like-
wise demanded the abolition of these artificial monopolies. The
buying public also demanded that the Crown insert in the licenses
and franchises of the natural monopolies, such as the miller, the
FBANKLIN T. GRIFFITH. 077
innkeeper and the ferryman, the provision that service should
be extended without discrimination and upon a reasonable com-
pensation.
As evidenced by the early English law and history, the Crown
ultimately heeded both demands of the buying public, and did
away with exclusive licenses for private business, and provided
that, in the handling of natural monopolies, prices and service
must be just and reasonable.
Prom these beginnings developed the common law principle
that the miller, the innkeeper, the ferryman and others enjoying
natural monopolies, must prescribe reasonable rates and serve
all in a reasonable manner without discrimination.
When the Colonists came to America, they were imbued with
the idea that the state should be divorced from control over
private business. Indeed, it was the spirit of revolt from control
by state or church which was one of the chief causes of coloniza-
tion in America.
It is no wonder, then, that in the United States, especially after
freedom from the Crown through the revolution, public senti-
ment demanded a freedom of trade and of competition unlimited
by any federal or state control.
In the United States in the eighteenth and until late in the
nineteenth centuries, private business developed with little re^
straint from state control or regulation. If any man wanted to
build and operate a railroad, a water system, a telephone exchange,
an electric power plant, or any other business, now known as a
public utility, it was only a question of getting a franchise from
the town or city, for the use of its streets, etc. The consumers
of the service furnished by the public utility were enamoured of
the idea that they should have competition in public utility service
as well as in other lines of business, and that they would thereby
obtain the benefits of lesser cost of service. The city and town
councils reflected the spirit of the consumers and they invited
the establishment of rival utility companies.
As a result of this trend in utility development, competition
became so keen that many utilities became bankrupt, and their
properties were thrown into receiverships for the benefit of bond-
holders or general creditors. The natural cure and prevention
for this condition of utilities was in the doing away with com-
678 EIGHTS OF THB UTILITY UKDBR OOMMISSION BEGULATION.
petition by the consolidation of the rival utilities. Accordingly^
an era of consolidation of public utilities ensued. Such con-
solidation embraced not only rival utilities in the same line, but
also utilities in different lines ; not only the utilities of a single
city but the utilities of several cities. Under such consolidation^
a new and threatening monopoly was established; generally the
consolidated utility had a natural monopoly by occupation of
the streets or control of the watershed, the water power or the
gas field, but always the consolidated utility had a most effective
monopoly in the fact that no other capital was available in suffi-
cient quantity to challenge the strength of the consolidated and
entrenched utility.
With the return of this monopoly, came abuses on the part of
the utility in the form of unreasonable rates and inadequate ser-
vice. It was the same abuse as had been practised centuries
before under the exclusive grants from chief, king or sovereign.
The same wail was heard from the consumers as in the early
centuries.
Commission Eegulation vs. Municipal Ownership.
To correct these abuses, sometimes actual, but more often
fancied, public sentiment was divided into two groups: The
conservatives, who would regulate the utility through the exercise
of the police power of the state, the radicals, who would take
over the utility, or construct a substitute therefor, as a branch
of municipal activity.
It is not within the scope of this paper to discuss municipal
ownership; we shall only attempt to consider the principle of
commission regulation from the viewpoint of the utility.
However, before dismissing the subject of municipal owner-
ship, we would prophesy that, unless commission regulation
satisfactorily cures or prevents the evils of monopoly in the utility
business, municipal ownership is certain to be the rule of the next
era of the development of public utilities. It would therefore
seem to be the logical purpose of private enterprise in the utility
business to work, not for the defeat, but for the success of com-
mission regulation. If commission regulation is a failure in pro-
viding reasonable and adequate service without discrimination
and at reasonable rates, the doctrine of universal municipal
FRANKLIN T. OBIFPITH. 679
ownership of public utilities will be applied^ and as a result^ the
business of private enterprise therein will be lost and its invest-
ment sacrificed.
Commission Rboulation.
The theory of commission regulation is founded upon equity
both to the public and to the utility; this theory demands that
the utility furnish reasonable and adequate service, without dis-
crimination, at reasonable rates. But the theory also guarantees
to the utility a reasonable return for the service rendered. If
the theory is truly and honestly applied, both the public and the
utility should be satisfied. It is only when the theory is unjustly
applied to the utility, that the utility has any cause for complaint.
In this paper we shall discuss briefly the manner and means,
in the light of reason and judicial decision, whereby the utility
may enforce an equitable operation of the theory of commission
regulation. It appears from the published program that another
paper is to be presented, discussing the problem of conflicting
federal and state regulation, and hence we will confine this paper
to the rights of the utility doing an intrastate business.
In so far as the regulation by the commission is fair, just and
reasonable, allowing the utility a fair return upon its investment,
the utility should have no legal or moral objection. It is a mis-
take for any utility to contest commission regulation, unless there
is an actual basis for so doing. It should be the attitude of the
utility to support and uphold the commission in its acts and
orders so long as the same are reasonable and just. The ultimate
salvation of private enterprise in the public utility business lies
in satisfactory commission regulation — satisfactory not alone to
the utility, but, as well, to the public. Hence, it is both the civic
duty and the private advantage of the utility to support the com-
mission in fair and just regulation.
Let it be understood that the writer, in dealing with the manner
and means to enforce the rights of the utility, is not giving
expression to the thought that such procedure is generally neces-
sary ; the personal experience of the writer has been quite to the
contrary, and it is his conviction that the great majority of com-
missions throughout the United States are fair and just, and
when properly advised, desire to do justice to both the public
680 RIGHTS OF THB UTILITY UNDER OOMlilSSION REGULATION.
and the utility. When injustice to the utility results, it is more
likely to arise from the fault of the utility, in failing properly
to present its case, than from any intention on the part of the
commission to be unfair to the utility.
Authority of State to Regulate Utilities.
That the state has the right to provide for any public utility
regulation within the valid exercise of its police power, cannot
be denied. This has become a fixed principle of law applicable to
the regulation of public utilities.
The extent and definition of " police power ^' presents a greater
diflSculty. The limits and definition of said power change with
the spirit of the time. It is extended or restricted according to
the temper of the electorate.
Mr. Justice McKenna, in the case of Eubank t;^. Richmond,
226 U. S. 137, 142, 57 L. Ed. 158, well states the difficulties of
defining police power, in the following :
Whether it is a valid exercise of the police power is a question in
the case, and that power we have defined, as far as it is capable of
being defined by general words, a number of times. It is not susceptible
of circumstantial precision. It extends, we have said, not only to regu-
lations which promote the public health, morals and safety, but to
those which promote the public convenience or the general prosperity.
Chicago, B. & Q. R. Co. vs. Illinois, 200 U. S. 561, 50 L. Ed. 596, 26 Sup.
Ct. Rep. 341, 4 Ann. Cas. 1175. And further. ** It is the most essential
of powers, at times the most insistent, ana always one of the least
limitable of the powers of government.'' District of Columbia vs, Brooke,
214 U. S. 138, 149, 53 L. Ed. 941, 945, 29 Sup. Ct. Rep. 560.
In this day of elastic state constitutions, of referenda and
initiatives, it is an easy matter to pass state legislation, which will
define, limit, or extend the police power of the state as the popular
will may dictate.
Hence it is of little avail for the utility to urge in the state
courts that a particular regulation is beyond the police power of
the state, for, if the state courts should so hold, it is probable
that, at the next election, such constitutional or statutory legisla-
tion would be adopted as to substantially define and extend the
police power of the state to include the protested regulation.
In those states which have, by their constitutions, kept separate
the three departments of government, the commission is regarded
as an administrative branch of the executive department. The
purpose of the commission is to give force and effect to laws as
FRANKLIN T. GBIFPITH. 681
enacted by the legislative department. Henee> when any attempt
is made to clothe the commission with judicial power as well,
to pass upon the validity of its own mlin'^, there arises an admix-
ture of departmental jurisdiction^ which should not be sustained.
As said by Judge Hook in Western Union Telegraph Co. vs.
Myatt, 98 Fed. 335, 341 :
In prescribing regulations or rules of action under the police power
of the state, for the safety and convenience of the public, or determining
a schedule of rates and charges for services to be rendered, they (the
Commission) are m no sense performing judicial functions, nor are
they in any respect judicial tribunals. The distinction between legisla-
tive and judicial functions is a vital one, and it is not subject to altera-
tion or change, either by legislative act or by judicial decree, for such
distinction inheres in the constitution itself, and is as much a part of
it as though it were definitely defined therein. When the legislature
has once acted, either bv itself or through some supplemental and
subordinate board or body, and has prescribed a tarifif of rates and
charges, then, whether its action va violative of some constitutional
safeguard or limitation, is a judicial question, the determination of
which involves the exercise of judicial functions. The question is then
beyond the province of legislative jurisdiction.
Bblief in the Federal Courts.
Nearly every question which could be raised on behalf of the
utility, is a federal question under the Fourteenth Amendment
of the Constitution of the United States. If the regulation is
fair and reasonable, the objection of the utility thereto is without
merit; if the regulation is such, that it confiscates the property
of the utility, or denies it equal protection of the laws, thei^
it is unreasonable, and comes within the prohibitions of the
said Fourteenth Amendment, and a federal question is thus pre-
sented, of which the federal courts have jurisdiction. Appreciat-
ing the spirit of the electorate of the different states, and having
studied and contrasted the course of judicial procedure and
decision in state and federal courts, we are irresistibly led to the
conclusion that a public utility will gain earlier and more effec-
tive results by resorting directly to the federal courts for injunc-
tive relief whenever such a course is possible.
The first question which the attorney for the utility must
determine is^ whether or not he is compelled to seek relief in the
state courts before resorting to the federal courts. The^ answer
to this question depends upon the construction and interpretation
of the state legislation, under which the regulation had been
682 BIGHTS OF THE UTILITY UNDER COKMISSION REGULATION.
promulgated. If the state legislation provides for the exclusive
remedy of appeal to the state courts^ then that course should be
followed. This question was before the Supreme Court of the
United States in the case of Prentis et ai, vs. Atlantic Coast
Line Co., 211 U. S. 210, 230, 53 L. Ed. 150, 160, wherein Mr.
Justice Holmes says :
The State of Virginia has endeavored to impose the highest safe-
guards possible upon the exercise of the great power given to the
tate Corporation Commission, not only by the character of the mem-
bers of that commission, but by making its decisions dependent upon
the assent of the same historic body that is intrusted with the preserva-
tion of the most valued constitutional rights, if the railroads see
fit to appeal. It seems to us only a just recognition of the solicitude
with which their rights have been yarded, that they should make sure
that the state, in its final legislative action, would not respect what
they think their rights to be, before resorting to the courts of the
United States.
If the rate should be affirmed by the supreme court of appeals and
the railroads still should regard it as confiscatory, it will be underetood
from what we have said that they will be at libertv then to renew their
application to the circuit court, without fear of being met by a plea of
reJB judicata. It will not be necessary to wait for a prosecution by the
commission. We may 8uld that, when the rate is fixed, a bill against
the commission to r^rain the members from enforcing it will not be
bad as an attempt to enjoin legislation, or as a suit against a state, and
will be the proper form of remedy.
But if the state statute discloses that the remedy of appeal to
the state court is only an alternative remedy, then resort should
be had to injunctive relief in the federal courts without the
delay incident to a proceeding in the state courts. Bacon v$,
Rutland R. R. Co. 232 TJ. S. 134, 58 L. Ed. 538.
Protection Under the Fourteenth Amendment.
The history of the development of our law, whereby the utility
is given protection under the Fourteenth Amendment to the
Federal Constitution, is interesting.
The leading early case is that of Munn vs, Illinoifi, 94 U. S.
113, 154, 24 L. Ed. 77, decided in 1877. The question there
at issue was, whether the State of IlUnois could regulate ware-
housemen in the handling of grain. This was one of several cases
known as the '' Granger cases.*' The state took the position that
the business to be regulated was a public business, subject to the
police powers of the state ; that the regulation thereof was lodged
in legislative discretion; that this discretion could not be dis-
turbed by the courts. The warehousemen contended that the
FRANKLIN T. GRIFFITH. 683
Fourteenth Amendment gave them protection against the enforce-
ment of the regulations.
The court, in an opinion by Mr. Justice Waite, Mr. Justice
Fields dissenting, upheld the contentions of the State of Illinois,
and decided that (1) the legislature had power to fix rates of
public business, (2) that such rates were within the sole discre-
tion of the legislature and could not be changed by the courts.
The importance of this decision was at once recognized, and
the law journals, as well as the press of that day, have interesting
comments upon the decision. These comments are critical or
otherwise, dependent upon the interests which might be reflected.
Those journals which were presumed to represent invested capi-
tal, denounced the decision in no uncertain terms. The New
York Times, in an editorial of March 29, 1877, referred to the
decision as '^ mischievous,** and argued that, under such a rule,
the investment of foreign capital could not be expected. Evi-
dently the investing public had something of the same idea, for
railroad stocks and bonds declined immediately following the
announcement of the decision. (9 Rose's Notes 510.)
If the decision in the Munn case had been allowed to stand,
public utilities would today have little or no protection, and would
be subject to the arbitrary will or whim of every succeeding
legislature and regulatory commission.
Mr. Chief Justice Waite himself was the first to suggest a modi-
fication of the doctrines of the Munn case. In the case of Stone
V8. Farmers Loan & T. Co., 116 U. S. 331, 29 L. Ed. 644,
decided in 1885, Mr. Chief Justice Waite, in discussing the Munn
case, says :
From what has thus been said, it is not to be inferred that this power
of limitation or regulation is itself without limit. This power to regu-
late is not a power to destroy, and limitation is not the equivalent of
confiscation, under pretense of regulating fares and freights,, the state
cannot require a railroad corporation to carry persons or property with-
out reward ; neither can it do that which in law amoimts to a tiJcing of
private property for public use without just compensation, or without
due process of law.
In 1889, in the case of Chicago M. & St. P. R. Co. vs. Minne-
sota, 134 U. S. 456, 33 L. Ed. 980, the Munn doctrine was again
under consideration. This case arose on writ of error to review
the judgment of the Supreme Court of Minnesota, which had
held that rates published by the Minnesota Railroad and Ware-
684 RIGHTS OP THE UTILITY UNDER COMMISSION REGULATION.
bouse Coomiissioii were final and conclusive, and that the reason*
ableness thereof could not be enquired into.
The court, in an opinion by Mr. Justice Blatchford, expressly
overruled the doctrine of the Munn case iu the following lan-
guage:
The construction put upon the statute by the Supreme Court of
Minnesota must be accepted by this court, for the purposes of the present
case, as conclusive, and not to be re-examined here as to its propriety
or accuracy. The supreme court authoritatively declared that it is
the expressed intention of the Legislature of Minnesota, by the Statute,
that the rates recommended and published by the Commission, if it
proceeds in the manner pointed out by the act, are not simply advisory,
nor merely prima facie equal and reasonable, but final and conclusive
as to what are equal and reasonable charges; that the law neither con-
templates nor allows any issue to be made or inquiry to be had as to
their equality or reasonableness in fact; that, under the statute, the
rates published by the Commission are the only ones that are lawful,
and therefore in contemplation of law the only ones that are equal ana
reasonable; and that, in a proceeding for a mandamus under the statute,
there is no fact to traverse except the violation of law in not compl3ring
with recommendations of the Commission. In other words, although
the railroad company is forbidden to establish rates that are not equal
and reasonable, there is no power in the courts to stay the hands of the
Commission, if it chooses to establish rates that are unequal and un-
reasonable. This being the construction of the statute by which we are
bound in considering the present case, we are of opinion that, so con-
strued, it conflicts with the Constitution of ^he United States in the
particulars complained of by the Railroad Company. It deprives the
company of its right to a judicial investigation, by due process of law,
under the forms and with the machinery provided by the wisdom of
successive ages for the investigation judicially of the truth of a matter
in controversy, and substitutes therefore, as an absolute finality, the
action of a railroad commission which, in view of the powers concede to
it by the state courts cannot be regarded as clothed with judicial fimc^
tions, or possessing the machinery of a court of justice.
That the court intended to overrule the Munn case, is shown
by the dissenting opinion of Mr. Justice Bradley, wherein he
says:
I cannot agree to the decision of the court in this case. It practically
overrules Munn vs. Illinois, 94 U. S. 113.
In 1893, the same court had the question before it in the case
of Keaga^ vs. Farmers Loan & Trust Co., 154 XJ. S. 392, 38 L.
Ed. 1014, and in an opinion of Mr. Justice Brewer, held :
The courts are not authorized to revise or change the body of rates
imposed by a legislature or a commission; they do not determine
whether one fate is preferable to another, or what under all circiun-
stances would be fdir and reasonable ad between the carriers and the
shippers; they -do not engage in any mere administrative work.; but still,
thei-e. can be no doubt of their power and duty to inquire whether a
body of fates prescribed by a legislature or a ^mmission, is unjust and
FRANKLIN T. GRIFFITH. 685
unreasonable, and such as to work a practical destruction to rights of
property, and, if found so to be, to restrain its operation.
Since the Beagan case^ the Supreme Court has repeatedly
affirmed the proposition that public utilities are entitled to pro-
tection under the provisions of the Fourteenth Amendment, and
if regulation by commissions, in their effect upon utilities, are
violative of the provisions of said amendment, then the utility,
by injunctive proceedings in the federal courts, or by writs of
error to review the decision of Supreme ^Courts, may have relief
from such regulations.
While it had been definitely settled that the utility would be
protected from actual confiscation of property, there still remained
the question whether the utility, under the Fourteenth Amend-
ment, could compel rates which would give it a reasonable return.
It had taken fifteen years to modify the Munn decision so as to
prevent actual confiscation of utility properties, and it was a long
stride in reversal for the same court to go farther and give the
utility the aid of the Fourteenth Amendment in compelling rates
which would insure the utility a reasonable return npon the
investment.
But twenty-one years after the Munn decision, in 1898, in the
case of Smyth vs. Ames, 169 XJ. S. 466, 42 L. Ed. 819, the precise
question arose. Mr. William J. Bryan, for the Appellants, ad-
mitted the right of judicial interference when the rates pre-
scribed resulted in actual confiscation, but denied the right of
judicial interference to secure an adequate or any return to the
utility. Mr. Bryan states his contention as follows :
That, as a general rule, the power of the courts to suspend the enforce-
ment of a schedule of rates fixed by a state legislature or by a railroad
commission can only be invoked when such rates yield an income so
small as to leave absolu^ly nothing above operating expenses.
The court, in an opinion by Mr^ Justice Harlan, after an
exhaustive review of prior decision, held :
In view of the adjudications, these principles must be regarded as
settled
A state enactment, or regulations made under the authority of a
state enactment, establishing rates for the transportation of persons or
property by raikoad, that will not admit of the carrier earning such
compensation as under all the circumstances is just, to it and to the
public, would deprive such carrier of its property without due process
of law, and deny to it the equal protection of the laws, and would there-
fore be repugnant to the 14th Amendment of the Constitution of the
United States.
686 RIGHTS OF THE UTILITY UNDER COMMISSION REGULATION.
The Smyth-Ames case has been repeatedly cited with approval,
and it is now tlie settled law of the land that a public utility
may, under the protection of the Fourteenth Amendment, compel
such rates as will enable the utility to make a fair and reasonable
return upon a fair and reasonable investment.
Rate op Return.
The problem of ascertaining what is a fair and reasonable rate
of return, is one which cannot be answered by court or laymen
with certainty. An honest dollar invested in public utility is not
unlike any other honest dollar invested in any other honest enter-
prise. Some would seem to profess the belief that there is some-
thing different about the dollar invested in public utilities. No
matter how hard it worked and how great its earning capacity
before and after investment in the public utility, the average
consumer seems to feel that, while invested in public utilities,
the dollar is on a vacation, while the radical consumer seems to
believe that it not only is on a vacation, but should bear the
expense usually attendant upon leisure. The rate of return must
be fixed by the hazard of the investment and the earning power of
money at the time and place of the investment.
Fair and Reasonable Investment.
What is a fair and reasonable investment, is a question which
will continue to be the subject of litigation until definite rules
are laid down for accountants to follow. After every rule of
accounting has been definitely fixed, litigation will still persist
for the purpose of ascertaining whether the expert accountants
and appraisers of the utility of the commission are correct in their
statistics and appraisements. Many cases, bearing upon different
phases of this question, have been heard, and the books are full
of reported cases from various courts and various commissions, all
striving to lay down rules of accounting, upon which to determine
the fair and reasonable value of the utility for rate-making pur-
poses. It would unduly prolong this paper to make any attempt
to go into a discussion of these cases and adduce the various rules
of accounting which have been established.
FRANKLIK T. GRIFFITH. ^ 687
This main principle has been fully and definitely settled, to
wit: The basic investment for rate-making purposes is, the fair
present value of the utility. The matter of initial costs is not
even prima facie evidence of present values, although they may
be taken into consideration with other evidence in determining
present values.
As Mr. Justice Harlan said, in San Diego Land & Town Co.
vs. National City, 174 U. S. 757, 43 L. Ed. 1161 :
The basis of calculation suggested by the appellant ia, h6wever, de-
fective in not requiring the real value of the property and the fair value
in themselves of the services rendered, to be taken into consideration.
What the company is entitled to demand, in order that it may have
just compensation, is a fair return upon the reasonable value of the
property at the time it is being used for the public.
To the same effect, we have the declaration of Mr. Justice
Hughes in the Minnesota Hate Cases, Simpson v$, Shephard, 230
U. S. 434, 57 L. Ed. 1556; "The basis of calculation is the
'fair value of the property* used for the convenience of the
public."
Any testimony or rule of accounting which tends to aid in
ascertaining the "fair value of the property" of the utility,
at the time of the application of the rates in question, should
receive judicial consideration. If the utility will strive honestly
to aid commissions in arriving at a fair value of its properties,
it will do much toward the establishment of public confidence
in the utility, the commission, and the theory of commission
regulation. If, on the other hand, the utility unconscionably
contests the question of fair values, it will gain the ill will of
both the commission and the public ; the result will be, that the
electorate will become suspicious of the fair intentions of the
utility and of the effectiveness of commission regulation; when
continued suspicion is supplanted by conviction in the minds of
the electorate, commission regulation will be tossed aside as a
proven failure, and, led by radical thought, the public will gallop
on to try municipal ownership or some other remedy which
promises the consumer a service at less than reasonable cost.
In conclusion, I would leave with you this thought Honest
regulation by commissions, dealing equity both to the public and
to the utility, is not only a proper application or the police power
of the state, but, as a theory, appeals to every fair-minded person
688 BIGHTS OF THE UTILITY UNDER OOHMISSION BEQULATION.
as being the reasonable way to handle utility problems. That
this theory may be worked out in practice, to the satisfaction of
average consumers, should be more the desire of the utility than
of the commission ; the very life of the utility is at stake, while
the commissioners can probably find other fields of business or
political activity. The feuccess or failure of this theory lies largely
with the utiUty; if the utility will be fair and reasonable and
co-operate in working out a fair administration of the theory,
commission regulation will be assured a permanent place in our
governmental plan. But, on the other hand, if the utiUty mani-
fests a disposition to be unfair, and hinders or impedes a fair
administration of the theory of commission regulation, to the
end that the consumer pays an unreasonable price for his service,
we can only expect an overthrow of commission regulation, with
resulting chaos, not only for the utility, but also for the public
consumer of utility service.
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
SECTION OF LEGAL EDUCATION AND
ADMISSIONS TO THE BAR
The Section of Legal Education and Admissions to the Bar
met at the St Francis Hotel, San Francisco, California, at 2.30
P. M., August 8, 1922, with the Secretary of the Section, John
B. Sanborn, presiding in the absence of the Chairman, Elihu
Root, and the Vice-Chairman, John W. Davis.
The Chairman appointed Messrs. Smith, TW>odward and Ames
as a Nominating Committee.
The report of the Secretary was then submitted. This report
referred to the approval by the American Bar Association of
certain standards for admission to the Bar adopted by the Sec-
tion at its previous meeting; the progress made in classifying
the law schools of the country in accordance with these stand-
ards; the arrangements made for special conference on legal
education held by the Bar Association Delegates in Washington,
on February 23-24, 1922 (see abstract of proceedings of con-
ference, page 482, supra) and the progress made since that con-
ference in bringing the standards for admission to the Bar
adopted by the conference to the attention of state and local
bar associations throughout the country.
The Chairman announced that a part of the program would
be devoted to an informal discussion upon the necessity or
advisability of keeping uniform records by the various state
boards of Bar examinations. This subject was then discussed
by Henry M. Bates of Michigan, M. 0. Sloss of California,
F. 0. Siddons of Washington, D. C, Charles F. Carusi 6i Wash-
ington, D. C, and L. S. Forrest of Iowa.
(689)
690 PBOCEEDINGS OP SECTION OP LEGAL EDUCATION.
The Nominating Committee reported the following recom-
mendations :
Chairman, John W. Davis/ of New York; Vice-Chairman,
Silas H. Strawn, of Illinois; Secretary and Treasurer; John B.
Sanborn, of Wisconsin.
Members of the Council, term expiring in 1926, Herbert S.
Hadley, of Colorado; and Wade Millis, of Michigan.
On motion the report of the Nominating Committee was
adopted and the persons named were duly elected.
The Section adjourned sine die.
John B. Sanbobn, Secretary.
^John W. Ds^vis, having been subsequently elected President of the
American Bar Association, resigned as Chairman and was succeeded in
that office by Silas H. Strawn, the Vice-Chairman.
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
THIRTY-SECOND ANNUAL MEETING
OF
The National Conference of
Commissioners on Uniform State Laws
HELD AT
SAN FRANCISCO, CAL.
Augttst B-8, 19tB
AND
INFORMATION CONCERNING THE CONFERENCE
AND ITS WORK.
ORIGIN, NATURE AND SCOPE OP THE NATIONAL
CONFERENCE OF COMMISSIONERS ON
UNIFORM STATE LAWS.
The National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State
Laws is composed of Commissioners from each of the states, .the
District of Columbia, Alaska, Hawaii, Porto Rico, and the
Philippine Islands. In thirty-three of these jurisdictions the
Commissioners are appointed by the chief ezecutiYe acting under
express legislative authority. In the other jurisdictions the ap-
pointments are made by general executive authority. There are
usually three representatives from each jurisdiction. The term
of appointment varies, but three years is the usual period. The
Commissioners are chosen from the legal profession, being law-
yers and judges of standing and experience, and teachers of law
in some of the leading law schools. They serve without compen-
sation, and in most instances pay their own expenses. They are
united in a permanent organization, under a constitution and
by-laws, and annually elect a president, a vice-president, a secre-
(601)
692 COMMISSIONERS ON UNIFORM STATE LAWS.
tary, and a treasurer. The Commissioners meet in annual con-
ference at the same place as the American Bar Association, usu-
ally for four or five days immediately preceding the meeting of
that Association. The funds necessary for carrying on the work
of the Conference are derived from contributions from some of
the states and from appropriations made by the American Bar
Association. The record of the activities of the Conference, the
reports of its committees, and its approved acts are printed in
the annual Proceedings. The approved acts, sometimes with
annotations, are also printed in separate pamphlet form.
The origin of the Conference is, briefly, this: In 1889 the
American Bar Association appointed a special committee on
Uniform State Laws. In 1890 the legislature of the State of
New York adopted an act authorizing the appointment of " com-
missioners for the promotion of uniformity of legislation in the
United States,'* whose duty it was to examine certain subjects
of national importance that seem to conflict among the laws of
the several commonwealths, to ascertain the best means to effect
an assimilation and uniformity in the laws of the states, and
especially whether it would be advisable for the State of New
York to invite the other states of the union to send representa-
tives to. a convention to draft uniform laws to be submitted for
the approval and adoption of the several states. In the same
year, a special committee of the American Bar Association, after
reciting the action of New York, reported a resolution that the
Association recommend the passage by each state and by Congress
for the District of Columbia and the territories, of a law provid-
ing for the appointment of Commissioners to confer with Com-
missioners from other states on the subject of uniformity in legis-
lation on certain subjects. As a result of the action of New York,
of the recommendation of the American Bar Association, and of
the efforts of various interested persons, the first Conference of
Commissioners was held in August, 1892, at Saratoga. N. Y.,
for three days immediately preceding the annual meeting of
the American Bar Association. Since that time, thirty Con-
ferences have been held. While in the first Conference but nine
states were represented, since 1912 all the states, territories, the
KSMOBANDUH 0]? 8BCBXTASY. 693
District of Columbia^ Porto Eico, and the Philippine Islands
have been oiBoially represented.
The object of the Conference, as stated in its Constitution, is
'^ to promote uniformity in state laws on all subjects where uni-
formity is deemed desirable and practicable/' The Conference
works through standing and special committees. In recent years
all proposals of subjects for legislation are referred to a standing
Committee on Scope and Program. After due investigation, and
sometimes a hearing of parties interested, this committee reports
whether the subject is one upon which it is desirable and feasible
to draft a uniform law. If the Conference decides to take up
the subject, it refers the ^ame to a special committee with in-
structions to report a draft of an act. With respect to some of
the more important acts, it has been customary to employ an ex-
pert draughtsman. Tentative drafts of acts are submitted from
year to year and are discussed section by section. Each uniform
act is thus the result of one or more tentative drafts subjected
to the criticism, correction, and emendation of the Commis-
sioners, who represent the experience and judgment of a select
body of lawyers chosen from every part of the United States.
When finally approved by the Conference, the Uniform Acta are
recommended for general adoption throughout the jurisdictions
of the United States and are submitted to the American Bar
Association for its approval.
The Conference has drafted and approved thirty-eight acts.
It has also approved seven acts drafted by other organizations.
Some of its own acts have been by Conference action declared
obsolete and superseded, leaving at present a total of thirty acts
being recommended for adoption. A complete list of all acts
drafted and approved, of acts drafted by other bodies and ap-
proved by the Conference, of obsolete and superseded acts, and
the extent to which the acts have been adopted in the various
jurisdictions is shown in appropriate tables on pages 708, 709
and 714.
The list of present and past officers, the present personnel of
the Conference, and the standing and special committees are set
forth on pages 695 and 700.
As an aid in promoting uniformity of judicial interpretation
of the various acts, the Conference has fortunately secured.
694 COMHISSIOKBBS ON UNIFORM 6TATE LAWS.
through the efforts and able editorship of Oommissioner Charles
Thaddeus Terry, of New York, Chairman of the Committee on
Uniformity of Judicial Decisions, the publication in a single
volume by Baker, Voorhis & Co., of New York City, of the Uni-
form Acts with full annotations. The report of the Committee
on Uniformity of Judicial Decisions to the 1922 Conference
brings the annotation down to March 1, 1922.
OFFICERS OF THE CONFERENCE.
RETIRING OFFICERS.
1921-1922.
Hbnrt Stockbridgb, Room 132, Court House, Baltimore, Md., President.
John R. Habdin, Prudential Building, Newark, N. J., Vice-President,
EuGBNB A. GiiiMORB, Madispn, Wis., Secretary,
W. O. Hart, 134 Carondelet St., New Orleans, La., Treasurer,
OFFICERS FOR 1922-1923.
Nathan Whuam MagChbsnet, 30 N. La Salle St., Chicago, 111.,
Presiaent,
Eugene C. Massds, 1136 Mutual Bldg., Richmond, Va., Vice-President,
George G. Bogebt, College of Law, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y.,
Secretary,
W. 0. Hart, 134 Carondelet St., New Orleans, La., Treasurer.
■
V
STANDING AND SPECIAL COMMITTEES OF THE
CONFERENCE.
1922-23.
STANDING COMMITTEES.
1. EzecnttTe. — Appointed Members: George B. Young, 116 State St.,
Montpelier, Vt., Chairman; George E. Beers, New Haven, Conn.;
Jesse A. Miller, Youngerman Block, Des Moines, Iowa; R. E. L.
Saner, Security Natl. Bank Building, Dallas, Texas; John H.
Voorhees, Bailey-Ghdden Building, Sioux Falls, S. D. Ex-officio:
Nathan William MacChesney, 30 N. La Salle St., Chicago, 111.,
President; Eugene C. Massie, 1136 Mutual Building, Richmond,
Va., Vice-President; George G. Bogert, College of Law, Cornell
University, Ithaca, N. Y., Secretary; W. O. ELart, 134 Carondelet
St., New Orleans, La., Treasurer; Henry Stockbridge. Ex-President,
11 N. Calhoun St., Baltimore, Md.; James R. Caton, Alexandria,
Va., Chairman of the Commitee on Scope and Program.
2. Scope and Program. — (Elected.) James R. Caton, Alexandria, Va.,
Chairman (term expires 1923) ; Nathan William MacChesney, 30
N. La Salle St., Chicago, HI., President, Ex-oStdo; Hollis R.
Bailey, 19 Congress St., Boston, Mass. (term expires 1923) ; Ernst
Freimd, University of Chicago Law School, Cnicago, 111. (term
expires 19^) ; WilUam M. Hargest, Harrisburg, Pa. (term expires
1924); W. C. Kinkead, Hynds Building, Cheyenne, Wyo. (term
expires 1925); C. A. Severance, Merchants Natl. Bank Building,
St. Paul, Minn, (term expires 1925).
(606)
696 COMMISSIONERS ON UNIFORM STATE LAWS.
3. Publicity. — ^Rome G. Brown, 1006 Metropolitan Life Building, Min-
neapolis, Minn., Chairman; Hugh H. Brown, Tonopah, Nev.;
Walter C. Clephane, Washington, D. C; William M. Crook,
Beaumont, Texas; Percy V. Long, San Francisco, Cal.; Thomas J.
O'Donnell, 822 Ernest & Cranmer Block, Denver, Colo.; W. H.
Washington, Steger Building, Nashville, Tenn.
4. Legislative. — John H. Voorhees, Bailey-Glidden Building, Sioux
Falls, S. D., Chairman; Jefferson P. Chandler, Union Oil Building,
Los Angeles, Cal.; Con P. Cronin, State House, Phoenix, Ariz.;
Wade Millis, Ford Building, Detroit, Mich.; John B. Sanborn,
Gay Building, Madison, Wis.; Henry U. Sims, Birmingham, Ala.;
George Weems Williams, Maryland Trust Building, Baltimore, Md.
5. On Appointment of and Attendance by Commissioners. — ^W. O.
Hart, 134 Carondelet St., New Orleans, La., Chairman; W. H.
Folland, 304 City & County Building, Salt Lake City, Utah; M.
J. Hartley, Allen Building, Xenia, Ohio; Chester L Long, Wichita,
Kan.; P. W. Meldrim, Court House, Savannah. Ga.; Gumey E.
Newlin, Title Ins. Building, Los Angeles, Cal.; Henry Stockbridge,
11 N. Calhoun St., Baltimore, Md.
SPECIAL COMMITTEES.
1. Legislative Drafting. — Ernst Freund, University of Chicago Law
School, Chicago, III., Chairman; Ashley Cockrill, Little Rock,
Ark.; Con P. Cronin, State House, Phoenix, Ariz.; James P.
McBaine, Columbia, Mo.; John B. Sanborn, Gay Building, Madi-
son, Wis.: James M. Satterfield, Dover, Del.; J. S. Sexton, Hazel-
hurst, Miss.
2. Uniformity of Judicial Decisions. — Charles Thaddeus Terry, 100
Broadway, New York City, Chairman; Stephen H. Allen, Topeka,
Kan.; William M. Hargest, Harrisburg, Pa.; Charles R. Hollings-
worth, Ogden, Utah; Gus C. Moser, Yeon Building, Portland,
Ore.; George B. Rose, Little Rock, Ark.; Charles E. Shepard, 803
Leary Building, Seattle, Wash.
3. Cooperation with the American Institute of Criminal Law and
Criminology. — George G. Bogert, College of Law, Cornell Uni-
versity, Ithaca, N. Y., Chairman; Harry S. Bowman. Santa Fe,
N. Mex.; Walter E. Coe, Stamford, Conn.; William H. Leary,
Salt Lake City, Utah; Robert E. Manley, Naga, Camarines, Philip-
pine Islands; Manuel Rodriguez Serra, San Juan, Porto Rico;
C. A. Spaulding, Helena, Mont.
4. Cooperation with the American Judicature Society. — George G.
Bogert, College of Law, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y., C/iatr-
man; W. P. Armstrong, Bank of Commerce Building, Memphis,
Tenn.; Harry L. Cram, 102 Exchange St., Portland, Me.; P. W.
Meldrim, Court House, Savannah, Ga.; J. H!ansell Merrill,
Thomasville, Ga.; W. H. Staake, 648 City Hall, Philadelphia,
Pa.; Hugh E. Willis, Grand Forks, N. D.
SPECIAL COKMITTBES. ' 697
5. Uniform Commereid Acto. — John Hinkley, 215 N. Charles St.,
Baltimore, Md., Chairman; Christopher L. Avery, Groton, Conn.;
Thomas A. Jenckes, Turks Head Building, Providence, R. I.;
W. H. H. Piatt, Kansas City, Mo.; Walter George Smith, 711
Witherspoon Building, Philadelphia, Pa.; A. T. Stovall. Okolona,
Miss.; Samuel Williston, Harvard Law School, Cambridge, Mass.
6. Unif orm Incorporation AeL — Charles Thaddeus Terry, 100 Broad-
way, New York City, Chairman; Austin V. Cannon, 1414 William-
son Building, Cleveland, Ohio; William M. Crook, Beaumont,
Texas; Wade Millis, Ford Building, Detroit, Mich.; W. L.
Sturdevant, Central Natl. Bank Building, St. Louis, Mo.; Joseph
J. Thompson. 76 W. Monroe St., Chicago, 111.; George B. Young,
Montpelier, Vt.
7. Uniform Mor^a^o Act. — S. R. Child, 1106 Lumber Exchange, Min-
neapolis, Minn., Chairman; Henry M. Bates, Law School, Ann
Arbor, Mich.; W. F. Bruell, Redfield, S. D.; George M. Hogan,
St. Albans, Vt.; Hazen I. Sawyer, 30 N. 4th St., Keokuk, Iowa;
Hennr U. Sims, 7 Steiner Building, Birmingham, Ala.; W. L.
Sturdevant, Central Natl. Bank Building, St. Louis, Mo.
8. Uniform Chattel Mort^rAflre Act. — George M. Hogan, St. Albans,
Vt., Chairman; George G. Bogert, College of Law, Cornell Uni-
versity, Ithaca, N. Y.; Austin Cannon, 1414 Williamson Building,
Cleveland, Ohio; Nellis E. Corthell. Albany Natl. Bank Building,
Laramie, Wyo.; Earle W. Evans, Wichita, Kan.; Bradner W. Lee,
H. W. Hellman Building, Los Angeles, Cal.; George B. Martin,
Cattlettsburg, Ky.
9. Uniform Acknowledgment of InttrumenU Acts. — Samuel Willis-
ton, Harvard Law School, Cambridge, Mass., Chairman; H. A.
Bronson, Bismarck, N. D.; Walter E. Coe, Stamford, Conn.; Frank
E. Curley, Tucson, Ariz.; M. J. Hartley, Allen Building, Xenia,
Ohio; John Hinkley, 215 N. Charles St., Paltimore, Md.; Gus C.
Moser, Yeon Building, Portland, Ore.
10. Uniform Arbitration Act. — Joseph F. O'Connell, 53 State St.
Boston, Mass., Chairman; Jefferson P. Chandler, Union Oil Build
ing, Los Angeles, Cal.; James H. Harkless, Kansas City, Mo.
Thomas C. McClellan, Montgomery, Ala.; Jesse A. Miller, Young
erman Block, Des Moines, Iowa; Ellison G. Smith, Pierre, S. D.
James M. Tunnell, Georgetown, Del.
11. Interstate Comity. — Hugh H. Brown, Tonopah, Nev., Chairman;
H. A. Bronson, Bismarck, N. D.; James P. McBaine, Columbia,
Mo. ; Thomas J. O'Donnell, 822 Ernest <fe Cranmer Bloclc, Denver,
Col.; C. A. Severance, Merchants' Natl. Bank Building, St. Paul,
Minn.; Walter George Smith, 711 Witherspoon Building. Phila-
delphia, Pa.; John H. Wigmore, 31 West Lake St., Chicago, lU.
12. Uniform Act Governing the Use of Highways by Vehicles.—
John R. Hardin, Prudential Building, Newark, N. J., Chairman;
George E. Beers, New Haven, Conn.; Charles V. Imlay. 1416 F
St., N. W., Washington, D. C; Thomas A. Jenckes, Turks Head
Building, Providence, R. I.; Gumey E. Newlin, Title Ins. Build-
ing, Los Angeles, Cal.; Fred W. Stow, Fort Collins, Col.; Adolph
G. Wolf, San Juan, Porto Rico.
69f8 COMMISSIONERS ON UNIFORM STATE LAWS.
13. Uniform Act for Compacts and Agreameiits Between States. —
Merrill Moores, Indianapolis, Ind., Choarman; Hollis R. Bailey,
19 Congress St., Boston, Mass.; W. P. Bsmum, Greensboro, N. C;
Charles M. Duteher, Iowa City, Iowa; W. E. Mullen, Cheyenne,
Wyo.; John H. Wigmore, 31 W. Lake St., Chicago, Dl.; Adolph
G. Wolf, San Juan, Porto Rico.
14. Uniform Act for Securing Compulsory Attendance of Non-Resi-
de.nt Witnesses in Civil and Criminal Cases. — George Weems
Willianis, Maryland Trust Building, Baltimore, Md., Chairman;
Christopher L. Avery, Groton, Conn.; Allan Chickering, San
Francisco, Cal.; F. M. Clevenger, Wilmington, Ohio; James B.
Kerr, 1410 Yeon Building, Portland, Ore.; W. C. Kinkead, Hynds
Buildinff, Cheyenne, Wyo.; J. W. Vandervort, 3d & Juliana Sts.,
Parkersburg, W. Va.
15. Uniform Drug Act. — Charles R. Hollingsworth, Ogden, Utah, C/uitr-
man; Nellis E. Corthell, Albany Natl. Bank Building, Laramie,
Wyo.; ArtExu: W. Davis, Spokane, Wash.; James H. Harkless,
Kansas City, Mo.; Percy V. Long, San Francisco, Cal.; R. S.
Thornton, Alexandria, La.; H. B. Wilkinson, Phoenix, Arix.
16. Uniform Act for the Extradition of Persons Charged with
Crime. — ^Bradner W. Lee, H. W. Hellman Building, Los Angeles,
Cal., Chairman: Harry S. Bowman, Santa Fe, N. Mex.; W. F.
Bruell, Redfield, S. D.; George B. Martin. Catlettsburg, Ky.;
John G. Sargent, Ludlow, Vt.; C. A. Spaulaing, Helena, Mont.;
W. H. Washmgton, Steger Building, Nashville, Tenn.
17. Uniform Act for a Tribunal to Determine Industrial Disputes. —
Charles M. Duteher, Iowa City, Iowa, Chairman; Henry M.
Bates, Law School, Ann Arbor, Mich.; James M. Grskham, Spring-
field, 111.; Chester I. Long; Wichita, Kan.; Charles E. Shepara,
803 Leary Building, Seattle, Wash.; Charles Thaddeus Teny, 100
Broadway, New York City; J. W. Vandervort, 3d & Juliana Sts.,
Parkersburg, W. Va.
18. Uniform Act on the Sutus and Protection of Illegitimate ChiU
dren. — ^Emst Freimd, University of Chicago Law School, Chicago,
III., Chairman; W. P. Lord, Jr., Lewis Building, Portland, Ore.;
Eugene C. Massie, 1136 Mutual Building, Richmond, Va.; Louis
C. Massey, Orlando, Fla.; Julius E. Roehr, 595 Linwood Ave.,
Milwaukee, Wis.; R. E. L. Saner, Security Natl. Bank Building,
Dallas, Texas; James M. Tunnell, Georgetown, Del.
19. Uniform Act for One Day's Rest in Seven. — Carlos C. Alden,
Marine National Bank Building, Buffalo, N. Y., Chairman; Allan
Chickering, San Fran£isco, Cal.; James B. Kerr, 1410 Yeon Build-
ing, Portland, Ore.; W. A. Morgan, Providence, R. I.; W. H. H.
Piatt, Kansas City, Mo.; Frederick S. IVIer, Metropolitan Bank
Building, Waishington, D. C; H. B. Wilkinson, Phoenix, Arii.
20. Uniform Act for Joint Parental Guardianship of Children. —
Joseph J. Thompson, 72 W. Monroe St., Chicago, HI., Chairman;
Carlos C. Alden, Marine Natl. Bank Building, Buffalo, N. Y.;
W. P. Armstrong, Bank of Commerce Building, Memphis, Tenn.;
S. R. Child, 1106 Lumber Exchange, Minneapolis, Minn.; Ellison
G. Smith, Pierre, S. D.; F. Dumont Smith, Hutchinson, Kan.;
R. L. TuIIis, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, La.
SPECIAL C0KMITTBE8. 699
21. Uniform Child Labor Act. — ^Walter C. Clephane, Wilkins Building,
Waahington, D. C, Chairman; Rome G. Brown, 1006 Metropoli-
tan Life Building, Minneapolis, Minn.; Arthur W. Davis, Spokane,
Wash.; Joseph Madden, Keene, N. H.; John R. Hardin, Prudential
Building, Newark, N. J.; Joseph F. O'Connell, 53 State St.,
Boston, Mass.; R. S. Thornton, Alexandria, La.
22. Uniform DecUratorj Judgmonto Act.— James R. Caton, Alex-
andria, Va., Ckairman; George A. Bourgeois, Law Building,
Atlantic City, N. J.; T. A. Hammond, Atlanta, Ga«; Charles S.
Lobingier, Shanghai, China; D. A. G. Ouzts, Greenwood, S. C;
Edgar B. Stewart, Morgantown, W. Va.; Ben F. Washer, Louis-
ville, Ky.
23. Uniform Aviation Act. — George G. Bogert, College of Law, Cor-
nell University, Ithaca, N. Y., Chairman; Hennr W. Bates, Law
School', Ann Arbor, Mich.; F. M. Clevenger, Wilmington, Ohio;
W. H. Folland. 304 City & County Building, Salt Lake City. Utah ;
Charles V. Imlay, 1416 F St.. N. W., Washington, D. C; Haien I.
Sawyer, 30 N. 4th St., Keokuk, Iowa; A. T. Stovall, (^olona. Miss.
24. Uniform Primary Act for Federal Officers^ — James M. Graham,
Springfield, 111.^ Chairman; Frank £. Curley, Tucson, Aris.; Earle
W. Evans, Wichita, Kan.; Merrill Moores, Indianapolis, Ind.;
Charles J. Morrow, Citizens Bank Building, Tampa, Fla.; Willis
L. Strachan, Colorado Springs, Col.; Frederick S. Tyler, Metro-
politan Bank Building, Waabiiigton, D. C.
LIST OP
COMMISSIONEBS ON UNIFORM STATE LAWS.
1922-1923.
Alabama.— Thomas C. McClellan, Montgomeiy; J. Q. Smith, Mont-
gomery; Hemy U. Sims, 7 Steiner Building, Birmingham; J. K.
Dixon, Talledega.
Alaska.— John A. Clark, Fairbanks; W. H. Whittlessey, Seward; John C.
Murphy, Juneau.
Arizona. — Con P. Cronin, State House, Phoenix ; W. J. Galbraith, Glen-
dale; H. B. Wilkinson, Phoenix; Frank E. Curley, Tucson.
Arkansas. — W. H. Arnold, Texarkana; George B. Rose, Little Rock;
Ashley Cockrill, Little Rock.
Caupornia.— Bradner W. Lee, H. W. Hellman Bldg., Los Angeles; Jeffer-
son P. Chandler, Union Oil Bldg., Los Angeles; Gumey E. Newhn,
Title Insurance Bldg., Los Angeles; Percy V. Long, San Francisco;
Allan Chickering, San Francisco.
Colorado.— Fred W. Stow, Fort Collins; Willis L. Strachan, Colorado
Springs; Thomas J. O'Donnell, 822 Ernest & Cranmer Block, Denver.
CoNNBcricuT.— George E. Beers, New Haven; Walter E. Coe, Stamford;
Christopher L. Avery, Groton.
Dblawarb.— D. O. Hastings, Wilmington; James M. Satterfield, Dovfer;
James M. Tunnell, Georgetown.
District of Columbia.— Walter C. Clephane, Washington; Charles V.
Imlay, 1416 F St. N.W., Washington; Frederick S. Tyler, Metro-
politan Bank Bldg., Washington.
Florida.— Charles J. Morrow, Citizens Bank Bldg., Tampa; J. M. Carson,
Miami ; Louis C. Massey, Orlando.
Georgia. — P. W. Meldrim, Court House, Savannah; T. A. Hammond,'
Atlanta; J. Hansell Merrill, Thomasville.
Hawaii. — Harry Irwin, Honolulu; E. M. Watson, Honolulu.
Idaho^ — Miles S. Johnson, Lewiston; John W. Jones, Blackfoot; Shad L.
Hodgin, Twin Falls.
Ilunois.— Nathan William MacChesney, 30 N. La Salle St., Chicago;
Ernst Freund, University of Chicago, Chicago ; John H. Wigmore, 31
W. Lake St., Chicago; James M. Graham, Springfield; Joseph J.
Thompson, 76 W. Monroe St., Chicago.
Indiana. — ^Thad M. Talcott, Jr., Farmers Trust Bldg., South Bend;
Samuel Parker, South Bend; B. F. Heaton, Ft. Wajme; Merrill
Moores, Indianapolis.
Iowa. — ^Charles M. Dutcher, Iowa City; Jesse A. Miller, Youngerman
Block, Des Moines; Hazen I. Sawyer, 30 N. 4th St., Keokuk.
Kansas. — ^Stephen H. Allen, Topeka; Charles W. Smith, State House,
Topeka; F. Dumont Smith, Hutchinson; Earle W. Evans, Wichita;
Chester I. Long, Wichita; Karl M. Geddes, El Dorado.
Kentucky.— Ben F. Washer, Louisville; George B. Martin, Catletts-
burg; J. B. Snyder, Williamsburg.
IjOUIsuna.— W. O. Hart, 134 Carondelet St., New Orleans; R. S. Thorn-
ton, Alexandria; R. L. TuUis, Louisiana State University, Baton
Rouge.
(700)
LIST OP COMMISSIONERS. 701
Maine.— Hany L. Cram, 102 Exchange St., Portland; H. H. Murchie,
Calais.
Maryland.— Henry Stockbridge, Room 132, Court House, Baltimore;
John Hinkley, 215 N. Charles St., Baltimore; George Weems Wil-
liams, Maryland Trust Bldg., Baltimore.
Massachusetts.— HoUis R. Bailey, 9 Congress St., Boston; Samuel
Williston, Harvard Law School, Cambridge; Joseph F. O'Connell,
53 State St.» Boston.
Michigan.— Wade Millis, Ford Bldg., Detroit; Henry M. Bates, Law
School, Ann Arbor.
Minnesota.— Rome G. Brown, 1006 Metropolitan Life Bldg., Minne-
apolis; S. R. Child, 1106 Lumber Exchange, Minneapolis; C. A.
Severance, Merchants' National Bank Bldg., St. Paul.
Mississippi.— A. T. Stovall, Okolona; R. N. Miller, Hazlehurst; 0. G.
Johnston, Clarksdale; J. S. Sexton, Hazlehurst; W. H. Clifton,
Aberdeen; Leroy Percy, Greenville.
Missouri. — James P. McBaine, Columbia ; Willis L. Sturdevant, Central
National Bank Bldg., St. Louis; W. H. H. Piatt, Kansas City; James
H. Harkless, Kansas City.
Montana.— Charles R. Leonard, Butte; C. A. Spaulding, Helena; W. F.
OXeary, Great Falls.
NBBRASKA.--Clarence A. Davis, Lincoln; Edward F. Leary, Omaha;
Arthur R. Wells, Omaha.
Nevada.— E. E. Caine, Elko; Hugh H. Brown, Tonopah; H. Homer
Mooney, Carson City; Frank H. Norcross, Reno.
New Hampshire.— Joseph Madden, Keene; Ira A. Chase, Bristol; D.
Arthur Taggart, Merchants' Bank Bldg., Manchester.
New Jersey.— John R. Hardin, Prudential Bldg., Newark; Mark A.
Sullivan, 15 Exchange Place, Jersey City; George A. Bourgeois, Law
Bldg., Atlantic City.
New Mexico.— C. M. Botts, Albuquerque; Harry S. Bowman, Santa Fe;
S. B. Davis, Jr., Las Vegas ; Felix Baca, Albuquerque.
New York.— Charles Thaddeus Terry, 100 Broadway, New York City;
Carlos C. Alden, Marine Natl. Bank Bldg., Buffalo; G. G. Bogert,
College of Law, Ithaca.
North Carouna. — J. D. Murphy, AsheviUe; J. Crawford Biggs, Raleigh;
W. P. Bynum, Greensboro.
North Dakota.— H. A. Bronson, Bismarck; R. H. Grace, Bismarck;
Hugh E. Willis, Grand Forks.
Ohio. — A. V. Cannon, 1414 Williamson Bldg., Cleveland; M. J. Hartley,
Allen Bldg., Xenia; F. M. Clevenger, Wilmington.
Oklahoma.— Frank Dale, Guthrie; J. C. Stone, Muskogee; Oliver C.
Black, Oklahoma City.
Oregon.— Gus C. Moser, Yeon Bldg., Portland; W. P. Lord, Jr., Lewis
Bldg., Portland ; James B. Kerr, 1410 Yeon Bldg., Portland.
PtoiNSYLVANU.— W. H. Staake, 648 City Hall, Philadelphia; W. M.
Hargest, Harrisburg; Walter George Smith, 711 Witherspoon Bldg.,
PhiUdelphia.
Philippine Islands. — Charles S. Lobingier, Shanghai, China; Julian A.
Wolfson, 65 Juan Luna St., Binando^ Manila; Robert E. Manley,
Naga, Camarines.
Porto Rioo.— Manuel Rodriguez Serra, San Juan; Adolph G. Wolf, San
Juan.
Rhode Island.- Thomas A. Jenckes, Turks Head Bldg.. Providence;
WiUiam B. Greenough, 32 Westminster St., Providence; W. A.
Morgan, Providence.
702 COMHISSIONBRS ON UNIFORM STATB LAWS.
South Cabouna.— J. E. McDonald, Winnsboro; H. B. Carlisle, Spartan-
burg; D. A. G. 0u2t8, Greenwood.
South DAKOTA^-John H. Voorhees, Bailey-Glidden Bldg., Sioux Falls;
W. F. Bruell, Redfield; Ellison G. Smith, Pierre.
Tennebsbb.— W. H. Washington, Steger Bldg., Nashville; Thad A. Cox,
Johnson City; Walter P. Armstrong, Bank of Commerce Bldg.>
Meniphis.
Texas. — William M. Crook, Beaumont; Claude Pollard, Houston; R. £.
L. Saner, Security Natl. Bank Bldg., Dallas.
Utah.—W. H. Folland, 304 City & County Bldg., Salt Lake City;
Charles R. Hollingsworth, Ogden; William H. Leary, Salt Lake City.
Vermont.— John G. Sargent, Ludlow; George B. Young, 116 State St.,
Montpelier; George M. Hpgan, St. Albans.
ViRGiNU.— Eugene C. Massie, 1136 Mutual Bldg., Richmond; James R.
Caton, Alexandria; Stuart B. Campbell^ Wytheville.
Washington.— Charles E. Shepard, 803 Leary Bldg., Seattle; Arthur W.
Davis, Spokane; Alfred Battle, 901 Alaska Bldg., Seattle.
West VmaiNU.— Edgar B. Stewart, Morgantown; F. N. Alderson, Rich-
wood; J. W. Vandervort, 3d & Juliana Sts., Parkersburg; Douglas
W. Brown, Huntington; E. T. England, Charleston.
Wisconsin .—Eugene A. Gilmore, Law School, Madison; John B. San-
bom, Gay Bldg., Madison; Julius E. Roehr, 595 Linnwood Ave.,
Milwaukee.
Wyoming.— W. E. Mullen, Cheyenne; Wm. C. Kinkead, Hsmds Bldg.,
Cheyenne; Nellis E. Corthell, Albany Natl. Bank Bldg., Laramie.
COMMISSIONERS IN ATTENDANCE AT THE THIRTY-
SECOND ANNUAL CONFERENCE.
Abizona.— Con P. Cronin, Phoenix; Frank E. Curley, Tucson; H. B.
Wilkinson, Phoenix.
Calipornia.— Gurnw E. Newlin, Loa Angeles; Percv V. Long, San Fran-
cisco; Bradner W. Lee, Los Angeles; Jeff. P. Chandler, Los Angeles.
CoLOBADO.— Thomas J. O'Donnell, Denver.
Connecticut.— George E. Beers, New Haven; Walter E. Coe, Stamford;
Christopher L. Avery, Groton.
Delaw ABB.— James M. Tunnell, Georgetown.
District of Columbu.— Frederick S. Tyler, Washington; Walter C.
Clephane, Wasiiington.
Ilunois.— Nathan William MacCbesney, Chicago; Ernst Freund, Chi-
cago; Joseph J. Thompson, Cliicago.
Indiana.— Merrill Moores, Indianapolis.
Iowa.— Hazen I. Sawyer, Keokuk; Charles M. Dutcher, Iowa City;
Jesse A. Miller, Des Moines.
KANSASr— Earle W. Evans, Wichita ; Chester I. Long, Wichita.
Kentucky.— George B. Martin, Catlettsburg.
LouisuNAw— W. O. Hart, New Orleans; R. S. Thornton, Alexandria.
Mabtland. — George Weems Williams, Baltimore; John Hinkley, Bal-
timore.
Massachusetts.— Samuel Williston, Cambridge; Joseph F. O'Connell,
Boston.
Michigan.— Wade Millis, Detroit; Henry M. Bates, Aim Arbor.
Minnesota.— C. A. Severance, St. Paul; S. R. Child, Minneapolis;
Rome G. Brown, Minneapolis.
Missouri.- W. L. Sturdevant, St. Louis; James H. Haricless, Kansas
City; W. H. H. Piatt, Kansas City.
Montana.— C. A. Spaulding, Helena.
Nevada.— H. H. Brown, Tonopali ; Frank H. Norcross, Reno.
New Mexico.— Harry 8. Bowman, Santa Fe.
New York.— Charles Thaddeus Terry, New York; George G. Bogert,
Ithaca; Carlos C. Alden, Buffalo.
North Dakota.— H. A. Bronson, Bismarck.
Ohio.— F. M. Clevenger, Wilmington; M. J. Hartley, Xenia.
Gbboon.— Gus C. Moser, Portland; James B. Kerr, Portland.
Pbnnsylvanu. — Walter George Smith, Philadelphia; William M.
Hargest, Harrisburg.
PoBTO Rico.— Adolph G. Wolf, San Juan.
Rhode Island^ — ^Thomas A. Jenckes, Providence.
South Dakota.— John H. Voorhees, Sioux Falls.
Tennessee.- Walter P. Armstrong, Memphis.
Texas.— R. E. L. Saner, Dallas; Wm. M. Crook, Beaumont.
Utah .-Charles R. Hollingsworth, Ogden.
Vebmont.— George B. Young, Montpelier; George M. Hogan, St. Albans.
VmoiNiA.— >Eugene C. Maasie, Richmond ; James R. Caton, Alexandria.
Washington. — Charles E. Shepard, Seattle; Arthur W. Davis, Spokane.
West Vibginu.— James W. Vandervort, Parkersburg.
Wisconsin^— John B. Sanborn, Madison.
Wyoming/— W. C. Kinkead, Cheyenne; N. E. Corthell, Laramie.
23 (703)
COMMISSIONEBS WHO CEASED TO BE MEMBERS OP
THE CONFERENCE BETWEEN THE CLOSE OP
THE 1921 CONPERENCE AND THE OPENING OP
THE 1922 CONPERENCE.
Alabama.— T. M. Stevens, Mobile.
Gauvobnia. — Beverly Hodghead, San Francisco.
Indiana. — Samuel Pickens, Indianapolis.
Kansas J— Charles L. Kagey, Beloit.
MiCHiQAN.— Edward Cahill, Lansing, deceased.
MissouBi.— Alexander H. Bobbins, St. Louis, deceased.
Montana.— Louis J. Sanders, Butte; Stephen J. Cowley, Great Falls;
J. B. Roote, Butte.
Nebbaska.— Thomas J. Doyle, Lincoln; J. A. C. Kennedy, Omaha;
Addison £. Sheldon, Lincoln; J*. L. Webster, Omaha.
Nevada. — A. E. Cheney, Reno, deceased; E. £. Caine, Elko.
Obegon. — H. H. Emmons, Portland.
South Dakota.— Charles S. Whiting, Pierre, deceased.
Texas r—H. W. Head, Sherman, deceased.
ViBGiNiA.— John W. Stephenson, Warm Springs, deceased.
WASHmoTON.— Alfred Battle, Seattle.
West Vibginu.— S. C. Jackson, Clarksburg, deceased.
NEW COMMISSIONERS APPOINTED SINCE THE
1921 CONPERENCE.
ABizoNA.^-Frank E. Curley, Tucson.
Califobnia.— Percy V. Long, San Francisco; Allan Chickering, San
Francisco.
Kansas.— <!!he6ter I. Long, Wichita; Karl M. Geddes, El Dorado.
Maine. — ^H. H. Murchie, Calais.
Michigan. — ^Henry M. Bates, Ann Arbor.
MiBsouBi.— W. H. H. Piatt, Kansas City; James H. Harkless, Kansas
City.
Montana.— Charles R. Leonard, Butte; C. A. Spaulding, Helena; W. F.
OTieary, Great Falls.
Nebbaska.— Clarence A. Davis, Lincoln; Edward F. Leary, Omaha;
Arthur R. Wells, Omaha.
Nevada. — Homer Mooney, Carson City; Frank H. Norcross, Reno.
New Mexico.- Harry Bowman, Santa Fe.
South Dakota.— Ellison G. Smith, Pierre.
ViBGiNiA.— Stuart B. Campbell, Wsrtheville.
West Vibginia.— Douglas W. Brown, Huntington; £. T. England,
Charleston.
(704)
SUMMARY OP THE PROCEEDINGS OP THE THIRTY-
SECOND ANNUAL CONFERENCE.
The Thiity-Seoond Annual Conference of Commissioners on Uniform
State Laws was held at San Francisco, Cal^ August 2-8, 1922. Thirty-
seven jurisdictions were represented. The names of these jurisdictions
and the Commissioners representing them are on page 703. The
Conference was called to order by Secretiuy Sanborn in the absence
of President Stockbhdge and Vice-President Hardin. The following
program with some modifications was carried out :
PROGRAM.
WbDNBSDAT, AUGfUST 2.
10.30 A. M. Meeting of the Executive Committee.
2.00 P. M. FiBST SB88I0N.
Address of Welcome.
Response of Temporary Chairman.
Rolf Call.
Reading of the Minutes of the Last Meeting.
Address of the President, read by James R. Caton.
Report of the Secretary.
Report of the Treasurer.
Report of the Executive Committee.
Appointment of the Nominating Committee.
Reports of Standinj^ Committees.
Publicity Committee.
Legislative Committee.
Committee on Appointment of and Attendance by Commissionos.
Presentation and consideration of the reports of the following special
committees not presenting drafts of acts:
TVibunal to Settle Industrial Disputes.
Interstate Compacts.
Chattel Mortgages.
Marriase and Divorce.
Use of Midways by Vehicles.
Co-operation with American Institute of Criminal Law and Crimi-
nology.
Co-operation with American Judicature Society.
One i>ay'8 Rest in Seven.
Marking and Labeling Act.
Drujg^ Act.
Lejpslative Drafting.
Primary Act for federal Officers.
Acknowledgments.
SJOO P. M. Second Session.
Consideration of
Report of Committee on Scope and Program.^
Report of Committee on Uniformity of Judicial Decisions.
Report of Nominating Committee.
(705)
706 COllMISSIONEBS OK UKIFOBM STATS LAWS.
Thitbsdat, AxrousT 3.
0.00 A. M. Third Session.
Consideration of
Ninth Tentative Draft of a Uniform Incorporation Act.
Adjourn at 11 A. M. for tour of San Francisco and luncheon at
Cliff House.
2^ P. M. Fourth SssaioN.
Consideration of
Third Tentative Draft of a Uniform Declaratory Judgments Act.
Second Tentative Draft of a Uniform Act on the Status and Pro-
tection of Illegitimate Children.
•
8.00 P. M. Fifth Session.
Consideration of
Second Tentative Draft of a Uniform Act on the Status and Pro-
tection of Illegitimate Children.
Friday, August 4.
0.00 A. M. Sixth Session.
Consideration of
Second Tentative Draft of a Uniform Mortgage Act.
Second Tentative Draft of a Uniform Aviation Act.
2.00 P. M. Seventh Session.
Consideration of
Second Tentative Draft of a Uniform Aviation Act.
Dinner for all members of the Conference at the Commercial Club,
7 P. M., as guests of the Commercial Club, California Bar Asso-
ciation and Chamber of Commerce.
Satxtrdat, August 5.
9J00 A. M. Eighth Session.
Consideration of
Report of Committee on Uniform Commercial Acts.
Adjournment at 10^ for trip to Mt. Tamalpais.
Monday, August 7.
0.30 A. M. Ninth Session.
Consideration of
Second Tentative Draft of a Uniform Fiduciaries Act.
2.00 P. M. Tenth Session.
Consideration of
First Tentative Draft of a Uniform Arbitration Act.
First Tentative Draft of a Uniform Act o^ Joint Parental Guard-
ianship.
8.00 P. M. Eleventh Session.
Consideration of
First Tentative Draft of an Act for Securing Compulsory Attend-
ance of Non-Resident Witnesses in Civil and Criminal Cases.
First Tentative Draft of a Uniform Act for the Extradition of
Persons Charged with Crime.
SUHKABY OF THB PB0CEEDING8. 70?
TVWBDAT, AVQUST 8.
7^ P. M. TWBLfTH 8B88I0N.
Unfinished BuaineM.
The report of the Committee on Appointment of and Attendance by
Commiflsioners showed changes in the personnel of the Conference since
the last meeting. These changes are indicated on the table on page 704.
According to the report of the Legislative Committee there were four
adoptions of the Uniform Acts in 1922, as follows:
Mabtland. — ^Foreign Depositions Act.
Masbachubbtts.— Partnership Act.
New YoBK.r— Conditional Sales Act and Limited Partnership Act.
A complete table showing all the acts promulgated by the Conference
and the extent to which they have been adopted by the various states
is shown on page 709.
Final drafts of the Uniform Fiduciaries Act, Uniform Illegitimacy
Act, Uniform Declaratory Judgments Act, and Uniform State Law for
Aeronautics were approved by the Conference and recommended to the
state legislatures for adoption.
The Conference also approved amendments to Sections S2 and 88 of
the Uniform Sales Act and Sections 20, 40 and 47 of the Warehouse
Receipts Act in order to harmonise the Uniform Bills of Lading Act,
Uniform Sales Act and Uniform Warehouse Receipts Act and also to
correct what was believed to be an imfortuinate provision in the Ware*
house Receipts Act with respect to the liability of warehousemen for
receipts issued wrongfully by an agent.
Tentative drafts of the following Acts were discussed and were referred
to the respective Committee ior reconsideration:
Uniform Act for Securing Compulsory Attendance of Non-Resident
Witnesses.
Uniform Mortgage Act.
Uniform Act Relating to Joint Parental Guardianship of Children.
Uniform Act for the Extradition of Persons Charged with Crime.
Uniform Arbitration Act.
A new committee was appointed on the Inter-State Comity.
The Committee on the Uniform Chattel Mortgage Act reported that
the draughtsmen employed by it had accumulated a large amount of
material regarding chattel mortgage law in the various states and
would present a first tentative draft of an Act at the next Conference.
Announcement was made of the death of the following Commissioners:
Edward Cahill, Lansing, Mich.; A. E. Cheney, Reno, Nev.; H. W. Head,
Sherman, Nev.; S. C. Jackson, Clarksburg, W. Va.; Alexander H.
Robbins, St. Louis, Mo.; John W. Stephenson, Warm Springs, Va.;
Charles S. Whiting, Pierre, S. D.
708
COHMlSStONEHS ON UNIFORM 6TATB LAWS.
UNIFORM ACTS DRAFTED AND APPROVED BY THE CON-
FERENCE, THE YEAR OF APPROVAL, AND THE NUMBER
OF JURISDICTIONS ADOPTING EACH ACT.
Tear of
Name. approral.
Acknowledgments Act 1802
Acknowledgments Acts, Foreign 1014
Aeronautics Act 1922
Bills of Lading Act 1909
Child Labor Act 1911
Cold Storage ,Act 1914
Conditional Sales Act ! 1918
Declaratory Judgments Act 1922
Depositions Act 1920
Desertion and Non-Support Act 1910
Extradition of Persons of Unsound Mind 1916
Fiduciaries Act 1922
Flag Act 1917
Fraudulent Conveyance Act 1918
Illegitimacy Act 1922
Land Registration Act 1916
Limited Partnership Act 1916
Marriage and Marriage License Act 1911
Marriage Evasion Act 1912
Negotiable Instruments Act 1896
Occupational Diseases Act 1920
Partnership Act 1914
Proof of Statutes Act 1920
Sales Act 1906
Stock Transfer Act 1909
Vital Statistics Act 1920
Warehouse Receipts Act 1906
Wills Acts, Foreign Executed 1910
Wills Acts, Foreign Probated 1915
Workmen's Compensation Act 1914
Total— 30
No. of
juris-
dictlont
enacting.
10
6
■ «
25
4
6
8
« ■
6
12
8
• *
6
11
« «
3
12
2
5
51
• •
14
4
25
15
« •
48
7
4
3
Acts Drafted by Othbr Organizations and Appboved by
THE Conference.
In addition to the acts included in the foregoing table, the foUowing
acts, drafted by other organizations, have been approved by the
Conference:
An Act Regulating Annulment of Marriage and Divorce; approved
in 1907; enacted in Delaware, New Jersey, and Wisconsin.
An Act Providing for Return of Statistics Relating to Divorce
Proceedings; approved in 1907; enacted in Louisiana (1908).
An Act Providing for Return of Marriage Statistics; approved in
1907; enacted in Louisiana (1910).
Federal Pure Food Law; approved in 1909; enacted in Kentucky
and Louisiana.
Federal Pure Food Law Amendment; approved in 1913. .
Standard Bill for Occupational Disease Reports; approved in 1914.
Standard Bill for Industrial Accident Reports; approved in 1914.
8ui£mary op thb pbogbedinqs. 709
Acts Dbatted and Approved by the Conference Which
Have Been Declared Obsolete or Superseded/
An Act Relating to the Sealing and Attestation of Deeds and Other
Written InstrumentB; approved 1802. Obsolete.
An Act Relating to the Execution of Wills; approved 1892 and again
in 1805.
Adopted in Utah, with. modifications, in 1907.
Superseded in 1910 by Uniform Foreign Executed Wills Act
which is identical with the old act of 1895.
An Act Relative to the Probate in this State of Foreign. Wills; ap-
S roved 1892 and again in 1895. Adopted, in Massachusetts,
lichigan, New York, Utah,* Washington, Wisconsin, Alaska.
Superseded in 1915 by Uniform Foreign Probate Wills Act.
An Act as to Promissory Notes, Checks, Drafts, and Bills of Exchange
(Day of Grace); approved 1892. Adopted in Indiana, Iowa,
Maine, Philippine Elands.
Superseded by the Uniform Negotiable Instruments Act.
A Table of Weights and Measures; approved 1892. Obsolete.
An Act to Establish a Law Uniform with the Laws of Other States
Relative to Divorce Procedure and Divorce from the Bonds of
Matrimony; approved 1900.
Superseded m 1901 by the two following Acts:
An Act to Establish a Law Uniform with the Laws of
Other States Relative to Migratory Divorce.
Adopted in Wisconsin.
An Act to Establish a Law Uniform with the Laws of
Other States Relative to Divorce Procedure and
Divorce from the Bonds of Matrimony. Adopted
in Delaware and Wisconsin.
The last two acts are supers^ed by An Act Regulating
Annulment of Marriage and Divorce, approved in 1907.
An Act to Establish a Law Uniform with the Laws of Other States
Relative to Insurance Policies; approved 1901. Obsolete.
Compulsory Work Act; approved 1918. Obsolete.
List of States Showing the Uniform Acts
Adopted Therein.
NoTB.— The star (*) indicates that the Uniform Act has been adopted
with modifications.
Alabama.
Desertion and Non-Support Act (1915) ; Negotiable Instruments Act
(1909); Warehouse Heceipts Act (1915). Total, 3.
Bills of Lading Act (1921); Conditional Sales Act (1919); Flag Act
(1919); Foreign Depositions Act (1921); Fraudulent Convey-
ance Act (1919); Negotiable Instruments Act (1913); Proof oi
Statutes Act (1921); Sales Act (1913); Warehouse Receipts Act
(1921). Total, 7.
^For the action of the Conference concerning the above acts see
Proceedings, 1920, pages 89, 90, 223-235. Proceedings, 1919, pages 71-74.
710 COMMISSIONERS ON UNIPOKM STATE LAWS.
Abkanbas.
Negotiable Instruments Act (1913) ; Warehouse Receipts Act (1015).
Total 2.
Galifx>rnia.
Bills of Lading Act (1015); Negotiable Instruments Act (1017);
Warehouse Receipts Act (1009). Tojtal, 3..
Colorado.
Negotiable Instruments Act (1807) ; Warehouse Receipts Act (1011).
Total 2.
CvONUECTICtPP
Bills of Lading Act (1011); Negotiable Instruments Act (1807);
Sales Act (1007); Stock Transfer Act (1017); Warehouse Re-
ceipts Act (1007). Total. 5.
Delaware.
Conditional Sales Act (1010) ; Fraudulent Convejrance Act (1000) ;
Negotiable Instruments Act (1011); Warehouse Receipts Act
(1017) ; Divorce Procedure Act of 1001; Annulment of Marriage
and Divorce Act of 1007. Tot^l, 6.
Florida.
Negotiable Instruments Act (1807) ; Warehouse Receipts Act (1017).
ToUl. 2.
Georgia.
Land Registration Act (1017).* Total, 1.
Idaho.
Bills of Lading Act (1015) ; Limited Partnership Act (1010) ; Nego-
tiable Instruments Act (1003); Partnership Act (1000); Ssdes
Act (1010); Warehouse Receipts Act (1015); Workmen's Com-
pensation Act (1017).* Total, 7.
Illinois.
Bills of Lading Act (1011) ; Cold Storage Act (1017) ; Extradition of
Persons of Unsound Mind Act (1017); Foreign Probated Wills
Act (1017); Limited Partnership Act (1017); Marriage Evasion
Act (1015); Negotiable Instruments Act (1007); Partnership
Act (1017) ; Sales Act (1015) ; Stock Transfer Act (1017) ; Ware-
house Receipts Act (1007). Total, 11.
Induna.
Negotiable Instruments Act (1013) ; Warehouse Receipts Act (1021).
Total, 2.
lowA.
Acknowledgments Act; Bills of Lading Act (1011) ; Limited Partner-
ship Act (1010); Negotiable Instruments Act (1002); Sales Act
(1010); Warehouse Receipts Act (1007). Total, 6.
Kansas.
Desertion and Non-Support Act (1011); Foreign Executed Wills Act
(1011); Negotiable Instruments Act (1005); Warehouse Re-
ceipts Act (1009). Total, 4.
Kentucky.
Child Labor Act (1014) ; Federal Pure Food Act; Negotiable Instni-
ments Act (1004). Total, 3.
SUMMABT OF THE PB0GBEDINQ8. 711
*
LotnsiANA.
Acknowledgments Act, Domestic (1920) ; Bills of Lading Act (1912) ;
Divorce Statistics Act (1913); Extradition of Persons of Un-
somid Mind Act (1918): Federal Pure Food Act; Flag Act
(1918); Foreign Acknowledgments Acts (1916); Foreign Pro-
bated WiUs Act (1916); Marriage Evasion Act (1914);
Marriage Statistics Act (1908); Negotiable Instruments Act
(1904); Stock Transfer Act (1910); Warehouse Receipts Act
(1908); Wills Act, Foreign Executed (1912). Total, 14.
Mains.
Bills of Lading Act (1917); Flag Act (1919); Negotiable Instru-
ments Act (1917); Warehouse Receipts Act (1917). Total, 4.
Maryland.
Bills of Lading Act (1910) ; Cold Storage Act (1916) ; Extradition of
Persons of Unsound Mind Act (1918; Flag Act (1918); Foreign
Acknowledgments Act (1916) ; Foreign Depositions Act (1922);
Foreign Executed Wills Act (1914); Fraudulent C^onveyance
Act (1920); Limited Partnership Act (1918); Negotiable Instru-
ments Act (1898); Partnership Act (1916); Sales Act (1910);
Stock Transfer Act (1910); warehouse Receipts Act (1910).
Total, 14.
Mabsachubbtts.
Acknowledgments Act; Bills of Lading Act (1910); Child Labor Act
(1913); Cold Storage Act (1912);* Desertion and Non-Support
Act (1911); Foreign Probated Wills Act of 1895 (1911); Extra-
dition of Persons of Unsound Mind Act (1909) ;* Marriage and
Marriage License Act (1911);* Marriage Evasion Act (1913);*
Negotiable Instruments Act (1898); Partnership Act (1922);
Sales Act (1908) ; Stock Transfer Act (1910) ; Warehouse Re-
ceipts Act (1907). Total, 14.
Michigan.
Acknowledgments Act (1895); Bills of Lading Act (1911); Foreign
Executed Wills Act (1911); Foreign Depositions Act (1921);
Foreign Probated Wills Act of 1895 (1911); Fraudulent Con-
veyance Act (1919); Negotiable Instruments Act (1905); Part-
nership Act (1917); Proof of Statutes Act (1921); Sales Act
(1913); Stock Transfer Act (1913); Warehouse Receipts Act
(1909). Total, 12.
Minnesota.
Acknowledgments Act; Bills of Lading Act (1917) ; Fraudulent Con-
veyance Act (1921) ; Limited Partnership Act (1919) ; Negotiable
Instruments Act (1913); Partnership Act (1921); Sales Act
(1917); Warehouse Receipts Act (1913). Total, 8.
\fl8SI88IPPI.
Child Labor Act (1914);* Desertion and Non-Support Act (1920);
Negotiable Instruments Act (1910); Warehouse Receipts Act
(1920). Total 4.
MisaotTBi.
Bills of Lading Act (1917); Negotiable Instruments Adi (1905);
Warehouse Receipts Act (1913). Total, 3.
712 COMMISSIONERS ON UNIFOBM 8TATB LAWS.
Montana.
Acknowled^ents Act;* Negotiable Instruments Act (1003); Ware-
house Receipts Act (1917). Total, 3.
Nebraska. '
Negotiable Instruments Act (1905); Sales Act (1921); Warehouse
Receipts Act (1909). Total, 3.
Nevada.
Depositions Act (1921); Extradition of Penons of Unsound Mind
Act (1917); Foreign Acknowledgments Act (1917); Foreign-
Execution of Wills Act (1913); Foreign Probated Wills Acts
(1915): Negotiable Instruments Act (1907); Prt>of of Statutes
Act (1921); Sales Act (1915); Warehouse Receipts Act (1913).
Total 9.
New Hampshire.
Bills of Lading Act (1917) ; Foreign Acknowledgments Act (1917) ;
Fraudulent Conveyance Act (1910); Negotiable instruments
Act (1909). Total, 4.
New Jersey.
Annulment of Marriage and Divorce Act of 1907 (1907); Bills of
Lading Act (1913); Conditional Sales Act (1919); Fraudulent
Conveyance Act (1919) ; Limited Partnership Act (1919) ; Nego-
tiable Instruments Act (1902); Partnership Act (1919); Sales
Act (1907) ; Stock Transfer Act (1916) ; Warehouse Receipts Act
(1907). Total, 10.
New Mexico.
Acknowledgments Act; Negotiable Instruments Act (1907); Ware-
house Receipts Act (1909). Total, 3.
New YokXl
Bills of Lading Act (1911); Conditional Sales Act (1922); Foreign
Probated Wills Act of 1895 (1919) ; Limited Partnership Act
(1922); Negotiable Instruments Act (1897); Partnership Act
(1919); Sales Act (1911); Stock Transfer Act (1913); Ware-
house Receipts Act (1907). Total, 9.
North Carouna.
Bills of Lading Act (1919);"^ Negotiable Instruments Act (1899);
Warehouse Receipts Act (1917). Total, 3.
North Dakota.
Acknowledgments Act;* Desertion and Non-Support Act (1911);
Negotiable Instruments Act (1899); Sales Act (1917); Ware-
house Receipts Act (1917). Total, 5.
Ouzo.
Bills of Lading Act (1911); Negotiable Instruments Act (1902);
Sales Act (1908); Stock Transfer Act (1911); Warehouse Re-
ceipts Act (1908). Total, 5.
Oklahoma.
Negotiable Instruments Act (1909) ; Warehouse Receipts Act (1915).
Total, 2.
Oregon.
Negotiable Instruments Act (1899); Sales Act (1919); Warehouse
Receipts Act (1913). Total, 3.
SUMMARY OF THE PB0CEKDIN08. 713
Pannstltania.
Bilk of Lading Aet (1911) ; Depositioiui Act (1021) ; Fraudulent C^-
veyanoe Act (1«21); Limited Partnership Act (1917); Nego-
tiable Inatniments Act (1901) ; Partaerehip Act (1915) ; Proofof
Statutes Act (1921); Sales Act (1915); Stock Transfer Act
(1911); Warehouse Receipts Act 1909). Total, 10.
POBTO Rioo.
Warehouse Receipts Act (1919). Total, 1.
Rhodb Island.
Bills of Lading Act (1914); Negotiable Instruments Act (1899);
Sales Act (1908); Stock Transfer Act (1912); Warehouse Re-
ceipts Act (1908). Total, 5.
South Carolina.
Negotiable Instruments Act (1914). Total, 1.
SoxTTH Dakota.
(Conditional Sales Act (1919) ; Depositions Act (1921) ; Extradition
Act (1921); Fraudulent Conveyance Act (1919); Negotiable
Instruments Act (1913); Sales Act (1921); Stock Transfer Act
(mi); Warehouse Receipts Act (1913). Total, 8.
TfeNNBSSBB.
Acknowledgments Act (1919); Acknowledgments Act, Foreign,
(1921); Cold Storage Act (1919); Desertion and Non-Support
Act (1913); Extradition of Persons of Unsound Mind Act
(1917); Fraudulent Conveyance Act (1919); Limited Partner-
ship Act (1919) ; Negotiable Instruments Act (1899) ; Partner-
ship Act (1917); Sales Act (1919); Stock Transfer Act (1917);
Warehouse Receipts Act (1909). Total, 12.
Texas.
Desertion and Non-Support Act (1913) ; Negotiable Instruments Act
(1919); Warehouse Receipts Act (1919). Total, 3.
(Jtab.
Child Labor Act' (1915);* Cold Storage Aet (1917); Desertion and
Non-Support Act (1915); Foreign Executed Wills Act (1907);*
Foreign Probated Wills Act of 1895; Land Registration Act
(1917); Limited Partnership Act (1921): Negotiable Instru-
ments Act (1899); Partnership Act (1921); Sales Act (1917);
Warehouse Receipts Act (1911). Total. 11.
VniCDKT.
Bills of Lading Act (1915) ; Desertion and Non-Support Act (1915) ;
Marriage Evasion Act (1912); Negotiable instruments Act
(1912*); Warehouse Receipts Act (1912); Workmen's Com-
pensation^ Act. Total, 6.
Land Registration Act (1916) ; Negotiable Instruments Act (1897) ;
Sales Act (1921),; Warehouse Receipts Act (1908). Total. 4.
Washington.
BiUs of Lading Act (1915) ; Flac Act (1919) ; Foreign Probated Wills
Aet of 1895 (1911). Negotiable Instruments Act (1899); Ware-
house Receipts Act (1913). Total. 5.
Wist VnaiNu.
Conditional Sales Act (1921); Desertion and Non-Support Act
(1917); Negotiable Instruments Act (1907); Warehouse Re-
c^pts Act (1917). Total 4.
714 COMMISSIOKEBS OK UNIFOBH 8TATB LAWS.
Bills of Lading Act (1917) ; Cold Storage Act (1917) ; (Conditional
Sales Act (1919); Desertion and Non-Support Act (1911); Ex-
tradition of Persons of Unsound Mind Act (1919); Flag Act
(1919); Foreign Acknowledgments Act (1915); Foreign Pro-
bated Wills Act (1915); Fraudulent Conveyance Act (1919);
Limited Partnership Act (1919) ; Marriage and Marriage License
Act (1917); Marriage Evasion Act (1915); Migratory Divorce
Act of 1901; Divorce Procedure Act of 1901; Annulment of
Marriage and Divorce Act of 1907 (1909); Negotiable Instru*
ments Act (1899); Partnership Act (1915); Sales Act (1911);
Stock Transfer Act (1913); Warehouse Receipts Act (1909).
Total, 20.
Wyoming.
Desertion and Non-Support Act (1915) ; Negotiable Instruments Act
(1905); Partnership Act (1917); Sales Act (1917); Warehouse
ReceiptB Act (1917). Total, 6.
Alaska.
Acknowledgments Act (1915); Bills of Lading Act (1913); Om-
ditional Sales Act (1919) ; Foreign Executed Wills Act (1913) ;
Foreign Probated Wills Act of 1895 (1913); Limited Partner-
ship Act (1917); Negotiable Instruments Act (1913); Partner-
ship Act (1917); Sales Act (1913); Stock Transfer Act (1913);
Warehouse Receipts Act (1913). Total, 11.
DiBTBICr OF COLUMBU.
Negotiable Instruments Act (1899) ; Warehouse Receipts Act (1910).
Total, 2.
HAWAn.
Negotiable Instruments Act (1907) ; Workmen's Compensation Act.
Total, 2.
PaiLiPPiNB Islands.
Bills of Lading Act: Negotiable Instruments Act (1911); Ware-
house Receipts Act (1912). Total, 3.
List op Acts Showing the States Wheeein Adopted.
Note.— The star (♦) indicates that the Uniform Act has been adopted
with modifications.
Acknowledgments Act.
Iowa, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, * Montana,
New Mexico, ♦North Dakota, Tennessee, Alaska. Total, 10,
Acknowledgments Act, Fobbion.
Louisiana, Maryland, Nevada, New Hampshire, Tennessee, Wis-
consin. Total, 6.
Bills of Lading Act.
Arizona^ California, Connecticut, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Louisiana,
Mame, Maryland, Masachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri,
New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Washington, Wisconsin,
Alaska, Philippine Islands. Total, 25.
ST7KMABT OF THE PB00EEDIK08. 715
Child Labob Act.
Kentucky, ManachtnettB, * Misadaflippi, *Utab. Total, 4.
Cou> Storagb Act.
Illinois, Maiyland, * Massachusetts, Tennessee, Utah, Wisconsin.
Total, 6.
Ck>NDinoNAL Sai^b Act.
Arizona, Delaware, New Jersey, New York, South Dakota, West
Virgin^, Wisconsin, Alaska. Total, 8.
Dbsebtion Axn> Non-Support Act.
Alabama, Kansas, North Dakota, Massachusetts, MiasisBippi, Ten-
nessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyo-
ming. Total, 12.
Extradition of Persons of Unbound Mind Acr.
Illinois, Louisiana, Maryland^ Massachusetts, Nevada, South Da-
kota, Tennessee, Wisconsm. Total, 8.
Flag Act.
Arisona, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Washington, Wisconsin.
Total, 6.
Forbign Depositions Act.
Arisona, Maryland, Michigan, Nevada, Pennsylvania, South Dakota.
Total, 6.
FbAUDULBNT Ck>NVBTANCB Act.
Arizona, Delaware, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hamp-
shire, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, . Tenneasee,
Wisconsin. Total, 11.
Land Rbgibtsation Act. ^
* Georgia, Utah, Virginia. Total, 3.
Limited Partnership Act.
Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Maryland, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York,
Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Utah, Wisconsin, Alaska. Total. 12.
Marrugb and Marriage License Act.
* Massachusetts, Wisconsin. Total, 2.
Marriage Evasion Act.
Illinois, Louisiana, * Massachusetts, Vermont, Wisconsin. Total, 5.
Negotiable Inbtrumbntb Act.
Adopted in all jurisdictions except Georgia and Porto Rico; adopted
with modifications in Vermont. Total, 61.
Partnership Act.
Idaho, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota,
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Utah, Wis-
consin, Wyoming, Alaska. Total, 14.
Pboof of Statutes Act.
Arizona, Michigan, Nevada, Pennsylvania. Total, 4.
Sales Act.
Arizona, Connecticut, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Maryland, Massachu-
setts, Michigan, Minnesota, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey,
New York, North Dakota, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode
Island, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, Wisconsin,
Wyoming, Alaska. Total, 25.
716 COMMISSIONERS ON UNIFORM STATE LAWS.
Stock Transfsb Act.
Connecticut, Illinois^ Louisiana, Maxylaad, >f aaaachuaetts, Michigan,
New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Isuoid,
South Dakota, Tennessee, Wisconsin, Alaska. Total, 15.
Wabbhoubb Rbcsifts Act.
Adopted in all jurisdictions excei)t Georgia, Kentucky, New Hamp-
shire, South Carolina, Hawaii. ToUd, 48.
Wills Act, Foreign Executed (Act of 1910).
Kansas, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Nevada, ^Utah, Alaska.
Total, 7.
Wills Act, Foreign Probated (Act of 1015).
Illinois, Louisiana, Nevada, Wisconsin. Total, 4.
Workmen's Compensation Act.
Idaho, Vermont, Hawaii. Total, 3.
PBESIDENT'S ADDBESS.
' BY
HENRY 8T0CKBRIDGE,
or BALTIMOBB, MABTLAMD.
•
Fellow Members of the National Conference on Uniform State
Laws:
It is with profound regret that I find myself unable to attend
the Conference this jear^ as some of the matters which must of
necessity oome before the meeting are of more than usual imporr
tance. At the very outset of this report it is appropriate that ,
your President should express the importance and valuable ser-
vice rendered during the past year by two of the general officers
of the Gonf erence, namely, William 0. Hart, the treasurer, whose
indefatigable attention to the duties of his position and the mul-
titude of details connected therewith, have been most admirably
discharged; also to the work of Oeneral Nathan William Mac-
Ghesney, the Chairman of the Executive Committee, who has
relieved the President of many of the duties which ordinarily fall
upon him. In the performance of this work General MacChesney
has exhibited an executive ability of the first order..
Mention should also be made of the havoc played in the ranks
of the Commissioners during the last eleven months. In no
previous corresponding period has the hand of death been laid
upon so many of our members, involving an unusually large num-
ber of changea in the makeup of the Commissioners. Fortunately,
spurred on by the Chairman of the Committee on new Commis-
sioners, these gaps have in nearly every instance been promptly
filled by the Governor of the respective states. In the report of
the Secretary, and I doubt not, by the Commissioners from such
states, the attention of this body will be more specifically called
to the list of individuals of whose' valued service we have thus
been deprived. In addition to these, the standing of the members
of the Conference in public esteem has been shown in the eleva-
tion to high station of two of our valued members— our most
efficient Secretary, Mr. Gilmore, having been selected by the
President as the Vice-Governor of the Philippine Islands, and
(717)
718 COMMISSIONSBS ON UNIFOBM 6TATB LAWS.
the appointipent of Mr. 0. L. Kagey of Kansas^ as United States
Minister to Finland.
While they will be greatly missed at our gathering, and the
Conference will be the poorer for their loss, the best wishes for
their success go with them from us to their new fields of duty.
In certain aspects of our work the showing to be made at the
present time is quite small, viz. : The passage of Uniform Statutes
approved by this Conference, and these will be set forth in detail
in the report of the Secretary and also in the report of the Legis-
lative Committee. This is largely due to the fact that state
legislatures have been in session in only nine states during the
last eleven months, and in some of the^e the proposed acts were
not presented sufiBciently early to be productive of their being
enacted into law. •
Thanks to the activity of the Commissioners of the State of
New York, more important legislation has been adopted there
than in any other state, and forms a good example of that which
may be accomplished by active commissioners fully alive to the
performance of their duty, which example it is hoped may be
borne in mind and acted upon in the ensuing year in other states.
What has been said leads to the consideration of two matters
so interwoven that it is impossible to discuss the one without the
other. This body owes its origin largely to the American Bar
Association, and in its early years the necessary expense of carry-
ing forward its work came mainly from appropriation made by
the Association. Year by year the volume of the work has grown,
entailing of necessity a larger outlay of money for the expense
of the Conference, by far the largest single item being that for
printing the reports of its committees and the approved acts for
the use of the legislatures in the several states. The expenses of
the American Bar Association have likewise largely increased in
volume so that the proportion of expense borne by the American
Bar Association is relatively far less than was originally the case.
One other change is likewise to be noticed: In a number of
states, at the outset of the work of the Commission, there were
contributions from local bar associations. Some of the states *
recognizing the value of the work done by this body gave power
to their respective governors to appoint the commissioners, there-
by giving th^n a distinct legal status, and a few of the states
not only did that, but also made annual appropriations for
president's addbbss. 719
the direct benefit of the commiBsion in the work which it per-
formed, and for the actnal expenses of the commissioners. Not
compensation for the work of the individual, but to relieve them
personally of the outlay for their traveling and hotel bills. That
this has not been more generally done is a matter for sincere
regret, and one of the very first acts which the Commissioners
from a state should do is to secure the enactment of laws which
not only give a legal status to the Commissioners themselves, but
also make an appropriation in the nature of a contribution to the
necessary expenses of the work of the Commission.
It will be plainly evidenced from the report of the Treasurer
that unless the income of the Commission is considerably in-
creased, its work will be seriously hampered, if not curtailed.
Various plans will undoubtedly occur to the members as a means
of bringing about an increase of the funds. One, which has been
most frequently suggested, is that the state and local bar associa-
tions be requested and urged to make appropriations to the work
of the Commission. This will undoubtedly be of some service, but
the weakness of it will be found to lie in the fact that it will be
impossible to tell in advance the amount thus to be received, and
consequently until it is received it will be well nigh impossible
for the Executive Committee to make up its budget or to know
what amount it can authorize the expenditure of by any of the
committees. It has also been suggested that the various members
be asked to contribute a definite amount annually as dues. This
suggestion has this serious defect — ^with the exception of the secre-
tary, whose clerical assistance, postage and expressage are paid
by the Commission, the labors are all gratuitously performed, and
where commissioners are compelled in addition to defraying their
own personal expenses in attendance upon the meetings, the
attempt so to impose dues would in all probability be attended by
a greater difficulty in securing prominent and able members of
the Bar as members of the Commission. Other methods may
occur to you in the discussion of the subject What I specially
desire to emphasize is, that on as early a date as possible, some
mode shall be agreed upon by which the income of the Commission
may be materially increased and stabilized.
Of new legislation to be brought before the meeting in San
Francisco there is one subject which seems to your President of
the most urgent importance; that which seeks to regulate declar-
720 COMMI8SIONSB8 OK UNIFOBH 8TATB LAW8.
atory judgments. This has been already considered at two pre-
vious meetings of the Conference and will be reported this year
with some amendments to the last draft of a proposed act; those
amendments having been called forth by the discussions which
have heretofore taken place. The approval of an act^ if possible,
this year is of prime importance because of the fact that the
matter of the enactment of such a law is now more urgently
called for than at any previous time in the legal annals of this
country, and also because in several states acts providing for
declaratory judgments have already been adopted, which acts are
far from being uniform in their provisions.
For many years this body has had under consideration the
enactment of a uniform incorporation law and at the meeting
in Cincinnati we were led to believe that such a draft would be
presented at the meeting of 1922 as would merit prompt adop-
tion. Anticipating a report upon this matter, the President ven-
tures to suggest the following:
Either that a draft for a uniform act be adopted, or else the
committee finally discharged.
It is perfectly evident that there is a wide divergence of view
upon the provisions which should be included in any act which
seeks to deal with so intricate a problem, and that may render the
draft of any act which the committee may have formulated
impossible of adoption by the Conference. If this be the case,
then no good purpose is subserved by continuing the committee
and imposing upon it the expenditure of time and labor which can
amount to nothing. Moreover, the economic conditions in the
several states vary so widely that a measure suited to one locality
may not be at all adequate to meeting the demands of business
in another and different locality.
Attention has been called during the year to a condition which
has arisen and which needs to be dealt with in the most tactful
manner. The American Bar Association has a committee on
Opmmercial Law, which committee has drafted acts upon several
subjects which have been and are under consideration by the
Conference. It is, of course, of supreme importance that there
should not be sent two acts upon the same subject emanat-
ing the one from this Conference, and the other from the Aimer-
lean Bar Association. If that condition should arise, it is almost
self-evident that uniformity of legislation upon that subject will
pbesident's addbssb. 721
be at an end with the probabilities that state legislature will
reject both and pass statutes prepared by some of their own
number. Fortunately the Chairman of that committee of the
Bar Association has been during the year appointed by the
Oovemor of his state a member of this Gonmiission, and this
should go far towards relieving the situation of anything in the
nature of rivalry ; and promote harmony of action between this
Commission and the Committee of the Bar Association. But if
I have misjudged this situation, every effort ought to be strained
to promote unity and harmony of action. It may be confidently
asserted that under our form of procedure in the draft of an act,
such draft, when completed and recommended by this Conference,
after having run the gauntlet of the criticisms to which it is of
course subjected, will be more nearly in form of such a character
as to receive tiie ready support of legislative bodies.
Invitations have been received during the year to send a repre^
sentative of this Conference to an unusually large nimiber of
similar gatherings, of which may be cited as examples the meeting
of the House of Governors and the meeting of the American
Medical Association. In each instance these seemed to be of
sui&cient importance to warrant the presence of a representative
of our body, and one has been named. Some difficulty was
experienced in connection with the last mentioned, in the loca-
tion where the meeting was to be held, and which was to give
special attention and consideration to the question of a law or
laws to regulate the handling and sale of narcotic drugs. The
gentlemen who were designated to represent this Conference at
these various gatherings will undoubtedly have reports which
they can and should present to this meeting.
I cannot close this report without expressing to the members
of the Conference my great gratitude for, and appreciation of, the
uniformly kind and helpful assistance rendered me during the
year by the oflScers and members of the Conference. Two years
ago I accepted the presidency with many misgivings of my own
ability to properly direct the action of the Conference, and now
as that burden is removed and transferred to more worthy
shoulders, I am the more impressed with the fact that any measure
of success which may have been obtained has been due not to what
I have done, but the helpful, encouraging, cordial and ready
support which h^s been given me.
^
HONORARY MEMBERS
Sir JameB Aikins, K. O., Winnipeg.
IL Heniy Aubepln, Paris, France.
Rt. Hon. Robert L. Borden, Ottawa.
Rt. Hon. Yiacount OaTe, London.
Professor Frederioo Canuneo, Bologna,
Italy.
Hon. Sir Gbarles DaTidson, IfontieaL
Ifaitre Gaston de Leval, Brussels.
Hon. Oharlee J. Doherty, K. O., Ottawa.
Rt. Hon. Yiscoant Finlay, of Nairn, Lon*
don.
Rt Hon. Sir Charles Fitzpatrick, Qnebec.
Hon. Sir Lomer Oouin, Quebec.
Rt. Hon. Visoouiit Haldaaa, of OloaD, O.
If., London.
Hon. L. A. LavalMe, K. 0., Montreal.
Hon. Mr. Justice Martin. MontreaL
Hon. Tsunejiro Miyaoka, Tokyo, Japan.
Hon. Rokuichiro Masojima, Tokyo, Japan.
Rt Hon. Romulo S. MaAn, Buenos Airsa.
Hon. William Renwick Riddell, Toronto.
Rt. Hon. Baron Shaw, of Dunfermline,
CMgmyl^ Scotland.
Rt Hon. Sir John A. Simon, London.
Hon. Frederick P. Walton, K. C, Cairo,
Ecypt.
(722)
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF MEMBERS
1922-1923
ILBCTKD
1913 Aaker, Casper D., Minot. N. Dak.
1921 Aaron. Charlea, Chicago. 111.
1915 Aaron, Henry J.. Chicaflro. HL
1914 Aaron, Herman. New York, N. T.
1912 Aarons, Char let L., Milwaukee, Wia.
1921 Aaronson; Abraham S., Ansonia. Conn,
1921 Abbej, Edward N.. New York, N. Y.
1902 Abbott. Augrustus L.. St. Louia, Mo»
1914 Abbott. C. E. Fremont, Nebr.
1921 Abbott, Carl H., Oakland, Cal.
1921 Abbott, Edwin H.. Chicago, III.
1908 Abbott. Edwin M., Philadelphia, Pa.
1912 Abbott, Henry H., New York. N. Y.
1906 Abbott, Howard T.. Duluth. Minn.
1913 Abbott, John. Boaton, Maas.
1921 Abbott. Leon M., Boaton, Mass.
1913 Abbott. Wm. M.. San Franciaco. Cal.
1907 Abele, George W., Boston, Maas.
1914 Abercrombie, Harry N., Baltimore. Md.
1921 Abercrombie, Henry H.. Birmingham,
Ala.
1921 Abercrombie, William C, New York,
N. Y.
1921 Abcrg. William J. P., Madison. Wis.
1918 Abemathy, George C, Shavniec.,OkI«.
1916 Abington. Ed. L., Poplar Bluff, Ma
1916 Able. Sidney Thome, St. Louis. Mo.
1918 Abrahamson, Henry M., Chicago, til.
1921 Abrams, Henry, Indianapolis. Ind.
1921 A'Brunswick, Frank P.. Chicago, IIL
1920 Aby. R. F.. Tulsa. Okla.
1922 Ach, Henry, San Francisco, Cal.
1914 Acheaon, M. W.. Jr.. Pittsburgh, Pa.
1922 Achi, William Charles, Honolulu, T. H.
1922 Achi, William Charles. Jr., Honolulo,
T. H.
1921 Achom. Edgar 0., Boston. Maas.
1914 Acker. Edward A., New York. N. Y.
1914 Acker, William P., Anniston, Ala.
1921 Ackerman, Uoyd S.. San Francisco,
Cal.
1915 Ackerson. Fred. M. Niagara Falls, N. Y.
1921 Acklen. Joseph H., Nashville, Tenn.
1916 Acuff. Harmon O., Washington, D. C
1921 Adair, H^nry P.. .Tackwnville, Fla.
1921 Adair, Watson B.. Pittsburgh. Penn.
1921 Adami. Victor J., Coultenrille. III.
1011 Adame, Alva B., Pueblo. Colo.
BUSCTKD
1909 Adams, Andrew .Addison, New York
N. Y.
1921 Adams, Anette Abbott. San Franciaoo.
Cal.
1921 Adams, Asa G., Chicago, 111.
1914 Adama, Brooks, boston, Mais.
1921 Adams, Obariea Albert, San Franciaco,
Cal.
1920 Adams, Cheater D., Lexington, Ky.
1921 Adams, Claris, Indianapolis, Ind.
1920 Adams. E. B.. Telluride. Colo.
1911 Adams, Edward B., Cambridge. Mass.
1912 Adams, Frank D., Duluth. Minn.
1914 Adams, Geo. A., Lincoln, Nebr.
1911 Adama, George A., Salamanca, N. Y.
1921 Adams, George W., Los Angeles, CaL
1912 Adams, H. W.. Beloit. Wis.
1913 Adams, Hsrold J., Buffalo. N. Y.
1917 Adams, Homer, Pittsburgh. Pa.
1913 Adams, J. B., Uniontown, Pa.
1922 Adams, James IL, Jackson, MidL
1914 Adams, John Jay, Columbus, Ohio.
1914 Adams, John 8., Philadelphia, Pa.
1913 Adams, John T., Alamosa, Colo.
1921 Adams, John W., WichiU, Kan.
1911 Adams, Junius G., Asheville, N. C.
1920 Adams, Morton B., Nashville, Tenn.
1903 Adams, R. H. T.. ^r., Lynchburg, Va.
1921 Adams, Ralph, Chicago, 111.
1921 Adams, Robert McCormick, Chicago.
HI.
1909 Adama, St. Clair, New Orleans. La.
1918 Adama, Samuel, Chicago. 111.
1881 Adama, Samuel B.. Savannah. Ok.
1921 Adams. Samuel W., Covington, Ky.
1921 Adams, Sidney D.. Lisbon, N. D.
1920 Adams, Skipwith W., Helena, Ark.
1921 Adams, Spencer B., Greensboro. N. C.
1912 Adams, Thaddeus A., Charlotte, N. C
1919 Adams. Thos. Burton. Jacksonville, ^a.
1913 Adams. W. B., Pimxsutawney, Pa.
1917 Adams, W. J., Carthage, N. C.
1891 Adams, Walter, South Framingham,
Mass.
1920 Adsms, Wanh. Kansas City, Mo.
1922 Adams, Wm F., Los Angeles, Oal.
1919 Adamson, Henry. Trrre Haute, Ind.
1922 Adamson, L. F., Salt Lake City, Utah.
(723)
724
AMERICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
KLBCTBD
1921 Addi«, John W.. Armour, S. 0.
1918 Addin^on. Keene II., Chicago. 111.
1921 Addis, Albert £., Northampton, Uass.
1914 Addison, Joseph, Baltimore. Ifd.
1918 Adel, Prank F., Brooklyn, N. T.
1914 Adelman, Abraro £., Chicago, HI.
1921 Adinolfl, Anthony P., New Haven, Conn.
ISIS Adkins, J. C, Gainesville, Fla.
1911 Adkins, Jesse C, Washington, D. C.
1897 Adkins, William H., Easton. Md.
1921 Adkinson, Elmer W., Chicago, III.
1918 Adler, Francis C, Philadelphia, Pa.
1911 Adler, Isaac, Rochester, N. Y.
1922 Adler, Louis, Bayonne, N. J.
1914 Adler, Sidney, Chicago, 111.
1907 Agar, John G.. New York, N. Y.
1913 Agee, A. P., Anniston, Ala.
1922 Aggeler, Wm. T., Los Angeles, Cul.
1922 Agnew, Albert C, San Francisco, Cal.
1921 Agnew. Arthur M., Hackensack, N. J.
1921 Agnew, Cclotes J., Cleveland, Ohio.
1919 Agnew, William, Cleveland, Ohio.
1920 Agor, Hugh. Aberdeen, 55. D.
1912 Ahern, Clinton J., Dwight, 111.
1921 Ahlgren, Oscar A., Whiting, Ind.
1922 Aigler, Ralph W., Ann Arbor, Mich.
1913 Aiken, Robert K., New Castle, Pa.
1909 Ailshie. James F., Coeur d'Alene, Idaho.
1918 Ainey, Wm. D. B., Harriaburg, Pa.
1921 Ainsworth, W. J., West Union, Iowa.
1921 Aitken, Frank W., San Francisco, Gal.
1921 Aitken, Walter, Bozeman. Mont.
1919 Akers, Will G.. Little Rock, Ark.
1918 Alban. William R., Steubenville, Ohio.
1911 Albers, Homer, Boston, Mass.
1901 Albert, Charhs S., Spokane, Wash.
1921 Albert, E. G.. JeflTerson, Iowa.
1922 Albert, Helen M., Brooklyn, N. Y.
1921 Albin. Martin H., St. Paul, Minn.
1920 Albrecht, Abraham 8., Hartford, Conn.
1921 Albrecht, George W., Iditarod. Alaska.
1921 Album, Gary R., Cleveland. Ohio.
1914 Album, John A., Cleveland, Ohio.
1912 Alcorn, Albert D., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1918 Alcorn, Hugh M., Hartford, Conn.
1921 Alcom, Robert S., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1920 Alcom, William F., New Haven, Conn.
1913 Aldcroftt, Richard B., New York, N. Y.
1922 Alden, Carlos C, Buffalo, N. Y.
1911 Alden, Maurice L., Kansas City, Kans.
1908 Alden, W. T., Chicago, 111.
1921 Alderman. Sidney S., GreenRboro, N. C.
1912 Alderson, C. M., Oulfport, Miss.
1918 Alderson, Fleming .\., Hirh\vo<)«l, W.
Va,
1922 Alderson, Tom. Sfattle, Wnsh.
1922 Aldrich, Arthur C, Groveton, N. H.
1919 Aldrich, £. K., Jr., Providence, R. L
KLBCTSO
: 1918
Aldrich, H. M., Boston, Mas.
1921 Aldrich, Wlnthrop W., New York, N. T
1921 Alexander, A. 8., Charleston, W. Va.
1920 Alexander, Alonzo A.. St. Louis. Mo.
1909 Alexander, Benjamin, Philadelphia, Pa.
1922 Alexander, Charles B., New York, N. Y.
1920 Alexander, Charles R.. Woodward, Okla.
1918 Alexander, D. M., Fort Worth, Tex.
1916 Alexander, Daniel, 3ftlt Like aty, UUh.
1920 Alexander, Edgar Dean, Detroit. Mich.
1907 Alexander, Edward A., New York. N. T.
1920 Alexander, Errett M., Milwaukee, Wis.
1917 Alexander, George M., Fairmont, W. Va.
1920 Alexander, Harry B., Cape Ginrdeau.
Mo.
1919 Alexander, J. L. B., Phoenix. Arte
1921 Alexander, J. P., Brookings, 8. D.
1922 Alexander, Jewel, San Francisco. (^L
1922 Alexander, John A., Staunton, Va.
1911 Alexander, Joseph E., Winston -Salem,
N. C.
1921 Alexander, .Julia M.. Charlotte. N. C.
1921 Alexander, L. B., Paducah, Ry.
1902 Alexander, Lucien Hugh, Philadelphia,
Pa.
1921 Alexander, Mitchell W., New York.
N. Y.
1921 Alexander. S. S., Kingman, Kan.
1922 Alexander, Sterling, Webster City, lowm.
1S93 Alexander, Taliaferro, Shreveport, La.
1918 Alexander, W. B., Pine Bluff, Ark.
1916 Alexander, William C, Media, Pa.
1921 Allan, James, Charleston, S. C.
1922 Allan, R. E., San Francisco. Cal.
1921 Allan, Thomas A., San Frsncisco. Cal.
1921 Allbee, O. H., Marshalltown, Iowa.
1921 Allebach. LeRoy, Charleston, W. Va.
1921 Allegretti, Francis B., Chicago, III.
1918 Allen, Albert R., Fairmont. Minn.
1921 Allen, Alfred G., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1912 Allen, Alfred M., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1918 Allen, Arthur M., Providence. R. L
1922 Allen, Carroll. Los Angeles, Cal.
1889 Allen, Charles Claflin. St. Louis, M«.
1911 Allen, Charles E., Boston. Maas.
1919 Alien, Clarepce F., Providence. R. L
1907 Allen, Clifford B., St. Louis, Mo.
1915 Allen, Elbert F., Livingston, Mont.
1921 Allen, Florence E., Cleveland, . Ohio.
1907 Allen, Frederick, L., New York, N. Y.
1910 Allen. G. C, Gadsden, Alabama.
1922 Allen, G. C, Stockton, Gal.
1921 Allen, George Edward, Victoria, Va.
1912 Allen, George J., Rochester, Minn.
1901 Allen, George W., Denver, Colo.
1916 Allen. George W., Key West, Florida.
1918 Allen, Harrison, Portland, Ore.
1921 Allen, Horace S., Springtdd. Ham.
ALPHABSTXGAL LIST OF MSHBBBS.
no
■uoru
i9iii> AUeo, J. Seddon, llcmphia, Temi.
1923. Alkn, J. Weston, Boston. Mtm.
Ifln. Allen, Jamee A.» dumute, Kan.
1«17 Allen. James J., New York, N. Y.
tn4 AUen. Jotin E., Keene, N. H.
1890 Allen, John R.. Lexington, Kj.
1918 Allen, L. W., Telluride, Colo.
1901 Allen, Ufon, LouiaHUe. Ky.
1911 AUen. Murray, Raleigh, N. O.
19S1 Allen, NiU F., Waehington, D. a
1990 Allen, Sam T., Sapulpa, Okla.
1906 Allen, Stephen H., Topeka, Kana.
1922 Allen, W. J., Laurena, Iowa.
1919 Allen, W. Uoyd, Barton, U»m,
1921 Allen, WUliam, New York. N. Y
190» Allen. William H.. Warren, Pa.
1922 Allen, Wm. I., Schuyler, Neb.
1922 Allen, William Kinokle, Amberat, Va.
1913 AUen, William L., Malone, N. Y.
1906 Allen, WillUm V., Ifadiaon, Nebr.
1907 Allen, Yorke, New York, N. Y.
1921 Allender, J. Quy, Qrafton, W. Va.
1919 ADey, Rayford W., New York, N. Y.
1911 Ailing, John W., New Haven Conn.
1912 Alliaon, Edward M., Jr., Waahington,
D. O.
1921 Alliaon, laaac. Elmira, N. Y.
1S40 Alliaon, M. M., Chattanooga, Tenn.
1920 Alliaon, W. H., Bowie, Aria.
1906 Alliaon, William B., Seattle, Waah.
1921 AUoway, Raymond E., Detroit, Mich.
1914 Allread, Jaroea I.. Colum6ua, Ohio.
1922 Allyn, Arthur, Preano, Oal.
1921 Allyn, Robert A., Holyoke, Maan,
1922 Almiroty, F. O. Peres, San Juan, P. B.
1921 Almon. David C, Albany, Ala.
1921 Almy, Oharlea, Boston, Hasa.
1922 Almy, Don R.. New York, N. Y.
1921 Alachttler, Benjamin P.. Aurora, 111.
1921 Alachuler, Samuel, Ohicago, 111.
1019 Alaton, Robert C, Atlanta, Ga.
1917 Alter, George E., Pittsburgh, Pa.
1910 Alter, Wilbur H., Cripple Creek. Cok>.
1922 Altheimer, Benjamin J.. Chicago, 111.
1922 Altman, John C, San Francisco, C^I.
1919 Altman, Pasco. Tampa, Fla.
1921 Altschuler, Rex Baine. Hackensack,
N. J.
1922 Alveiaon, Lyie T.. New York, N. Y.
1914 Alvord. George W.. Painesville, Ohio.
1920 Amberg, Julius H.. Grsnd Rapids, Mich.
1S09 Ambler, B. Mason. Parkershuig, W. Va.
1922 Ambler. H. A., Burlington, la.
1914 Ambler, James M., Baltimore, Md.
1917 Ambler, Mason G., Parkersburg, W. Va.
1918 Ambler, Ralph Steele, Canton. Ohio.
1922 Amend, Frank B., Los Angeles, Cal.
1922 Amend, William J., New York, N. Y.
1918
1922
1919
1904
1919
1921
1906
1920
1921
1911
1907
1921
1921
1917
1918
1921
1917
1922
1921
1907
1921
1921
1919
1914
1894
1915
19U
1914
1908
1917
1914
1917
1912
1911
1921
1916
1913
1920
It^
1911
1921
1921
1921
1921
1909
1913
1916
1922
1907
1918
1911
1922
1913
1922
1902
.\mermaa, Jamea L., Canton, Ohio.
Amea, Aldem, San Francisco, OaL
Amea, a F., New York, N. Y.
Ames, Charles B., Oklahoma City, Okla.
Amea, Warner, Onancock, Va.
Amidon, 8. B., Wichita, Kan.
Amidon. Chaa. F., Fargo, N. Dak.
Anunen, Francis D.. St. Louis, Mo.
Amos, Olay D., Fairmont, W. Va.
Amram, David Werner, Philadelphia, Ps.
Anable, Courtland V., New Brighton,
SUten laland, N. Y.
Andalman, Samuel J., 'Chicago, III.
Anderbery, Charlea P., Minden, Neb.
Anderson, A. B., Naahville, Tenn.
Anderaon, Alfred, Norfolk, Va.
Anderson, Andrew Logan, Lincoln, 111.
Anderaon, Chandler P., New York. N. Y.
Andeiaon, Clarendon W., Santa Roaa,
Oal.
Anderson, E. A., Peoria, 111.
Anderaon, Elbridge R., Boston, Maas.
Anderson, El wood, Gillette, Wyo.
Anderson, F. L., Marion, Iowa.
Anderson, Q. Bemhard, Chicago, III.
Andeiyon, Geo. D., Beaumont, Tex.
Anderaon, George W., Beaton, Mass.
Anderson, Gustav, Baker, Oregon.
Anderson, Henry W., Richmond, Va.
Anderson, J. M., Naahville, Tenn.
Anderson. James A., Loa Angelea, Cal.
Anderaon, James H., Chattanooga, Tenn
Anderson, John C, Montgomery, Ala.
Anderaon, Leonard E., Bruah, Colo.
Anderson, Le Roy, Preacott, Aria. *
Anderson, Luther C, Welch, W. Va.
Anderson, Norman K., Chicago, 111.
Anderaon, Norton B., Platte City, Mo.
Anderson, O. C, West Point. Nebr.
Anderson. Olof, Astoria, Ore.
Anderson, Orlaf, Milwaukee, Wia.
Anderaon, Bobbins B.. Honolulu. Hawaii.
Anderson, Robert B., Wapakoneta, Ohio.
Anderson, Roger H.. New York, N. Y.
Anderaon, Sumner S., Charleston, 111.
Anderaon, T. Hart, New York, N. Y.
Anderson, Thomwell G., Middlesboro,
Ky.
Anderson, V. E. Wheaton, Minn.
Anderson, William D., Jackson, Miss.
Anderson, Wm. H., Los Angeles, OaL
Anderson, Wm. Y. C, Philadelphia, Pa.
Anderton, Stephen P., New York, N. T.
Andrade, Cipriano, Jr., New York, N. Y.
Andrade, Frank, Honolulu, T. H.
Andrew, Henry O., Boulder, CoJo.
Andrew, Sarah T., Washington, D. C.
Andrews, Alex. B., Raleigh, N. C.
726
AlCEBIOAN BAB ASOOOULTSON.
KLKCTEO
1912 Andrews, Allen, Hamilton, Ohio.
1921 Andrews, Americus V., Los Angeles,
Cal.
1907 Andrews, Chsmpe 8., ChsttsnooifS,
Tenn.
1921 Andrews, Charles O., Orlando, Fla.
1922 Andrews, Ck>melius B., Seattle, Wash.
1914 Andrews, E. D., St. Louis, Mo.
1920 Andrews, Forrest, Knoxviile, Tenn.
1914 Andrews, Frank, Houston, Tex.
1918 Andrews, Horace, Clereland, Ohio.
1894 Andrews, James D., New York, N. T.
1900 Andrews, James P., Hartford, Conn.
1917 Andrews, Jesse, Kansas Oity, Mo.
1921 Andrews, John D., Hamilton, Ohio.
1922 Andrews, L. W., Los Anfreles, OaL
1922 Andrews, Roscoe O., Chicago, IlL
1912 Andrews, Sidney F., Washington, Mo.
1921 Andrews, W. 8., San Frandsoo, Csl.
1919 Andrews, Walter P., Atlanta, Ga.
1913 Andrews, William S., Syracuse. N. T.
1891 Angell, Walter F.. Providence, R. I.
1922 Angellotti, Frank M., San Francisco, Cal.
1916 Angerstein. Thomas C, Chicago, 111
1912 Angert, Kugene H.. St. Ix^uis. Mo.
1922 Angulo, Charles, New York, N. T.
1921 Ankeny, Harry R., Lincoln, Neb.
1907 Amis, Frank J., Ft. Collins, Colo.
1920 Anquillare, Joseph T., New Haven, Conn.
1913 Ansel, M. F., Greenville, S. C.
1912 Ansell, Samuel T., Washington, D. C.
1921 Antes, William H., West Union, Iowa.
1913 Anthony, Roy F., Newark, N. J.
1921 Antin, Benjamin, New York, N. Y.
1909* Antisdel. John P., Detroit, Mich.
1911 Aplington, Henry, New York, N. Y.
19n8 Ap Mador, W. T.. Chicago, ni.
1922 Appel, Qyril, San Francisco, Cal.
1920 Appel, Monte, Washirgton, D. O.
1913 Appel, William Nevin. Lancaster. Pa.
1907 Appell. Albert J.. New York. S. Y.
1912 Appell, Albert J. W., Chicago, 111.
1921 Apperson, Harvey B., Roanoke, Va.
1922 Apperson, Hugh B., Ridgefleld, Wash.
1908 Apperson, Lewis. Mt. Sterling, Ky.
1914 Applegate, John S.. Jr., Red Bank, N. J.
1921 Applegate, Leslie T., Covington, Ky.
1918 Appleton, Charles W., New York, N. Y.
1801 Appleton, Frederick H., Bangor, Me.
1891 Appleton, John H., Boston, Mass.
1922 Appleton, Samuel, St. Paul. Minn.
1922 Apaey, Albert 8., Boston, Mass.
1920 Arbuckle, John D., Van Buren, Aik.
1921 Arbuckle, Joseph, New York, N. Y.
1917 Archer, Ben T., Cincinnati. Ohio.
1913 Archer, W. E., Hiawatha, Kaas.
1981 Archibald, Harry R., Loa Angeles, CaL
1921 Arkudi, Ralph M., New York, N. Y.
■UBCTSO
1918
1920
1920
1911
1921
1917
1922
1918
1922
19U7
1920
1914
1922
1922
1919
1914
1920
1921
1922
1913
1921
1921
1912
1920
1915
1910
1914
1922
1017
1906
1921
1913
1913
1907
1914
1901
1919
1922
1919
1906
1921
1921
1922
1920
1914
1921
1920
1914
1918
19W
1922
1921
1988
Axmbrecht,
Armbrister,
Armiatead,
Teim.
Armiatead,
Armatroi^,
Kan.
Armstrong,
Armstrong,
Armatrong,
Armatrong,
Armatrong,
Armstrong,
Armatrong,
Okla.
Armstrong,
Cal.'
Armstrong,
William H., MobUe. Ala.
C. A., Muskogee, Okla.
Oe^rge U., Jr.. NaahviU«^
Benry M., Little Rock, Art.
Alfred O., Indcpendciice,
4
Charles A., Troy N. C.
David, Rahway. N. J.
David W., Kansas City. Mo.
E. H., Oraaa Valley, Oal.
Edward A., Newark, N. J.
Freer W., Detroit, Mich.
James R., Oklahoms City.
R. M. J., San Francisco.
Sidney W., WInchendon,
Armstrong, lliomas, Jr., Phoenix, Aria.
Armstrong, Walter P., Memphis. Terni.
Armstrong, William C, New York. N. T.
Ameson, O. A. S., Bryant, S. D.
Aniold, Arthur, Piedmont, W. Va.
Arnold, Arthur S.. Phtiadelphia. Pa.
Arnold, Bernard H., New York, N. T.
Arnold, C. W. R., Poughkecpaie, N. T.
Arnold, Constantlne P., I^ramie, Wyo.
Arnold, Davis O., Providence. R. I.
Arnold, Earl C, Cincinnati. Ohio.
Arnold, Earle B., Providence, R. I.
Arnold. Edmund K., Boston. Mass.
Arnold, O. 8., San Pranciaco, Oal.
Arnold, Glendy B.. St. Louts. Mo.
Arnold, Harry B., Columbua, Ohio.
Arnold, Henry L., Kanaaa City, Mo.
Arnold, J^hn B., Duluth, Minn.
Arnold, John R., Evanston, Wyo.
Arnold, Joseph A., New York, N. T.
Arnold, Mercer, Joplin, Mo^
Arnold, Reuben R.. Atlanta, Ga.
Arnold, Tliomaa L.. Aberdeen. S. D.
Arnold, Victor P., Chicago. HI.
Arnold, W. H., Jr., Texarkana, Ark.
Arnold, Wm. H., Texarkana, Ark.
Amoldy, Fred N., Loa Angeles, OaL
Amtson, Arthur E., Red Wing, Mimi.
Aronson, A. T., Kalispell, Mont.
Arps. Helmuth F., Chilton, Wis.
Arrel, Geo. F., Youngstown. Ohio.
Arrington, John L., Pawhuaka, Okla.
Arrington, Roacoe C, Shawnee. Okla.
Arroyo, Julian A.. New York, N. Y.
Artcr, Charles K., Cleveland, Ohio.
Arthur. David C, Logansport, IndL
Arthur, Frank D., New YoriL, N. 7.
Arthur, Thomas, Dea Moines, Icwa.
Arthur, William R., Boulder, Oolo.
ALPHABBTIOAL LIST OF KBHB1SB8.
787
1920 Arts, OL Wftlter, Wayneaboro, Pi.
im Aadi, Dav1<t New York, N. Y.
1907 Ash, David Baltimore. Md.
I9n Aflh, Robert, Waahington, D. O.
19tl Aahbauffli, Paul M., Mt. Vernon, Ohio.
1921 Aahburn, A. W., Loa Anfelea, Oal.
1914 Aahby, Samuel, Indianapolia, Ind.
1912 Aahcraft, Raymond M.. Chicago, UL
1922 Aaher, Abraham, Portland, Ore.
1912 Aaher, Harry W., New Haven. Conn.
1920 Aahford, liargnerite K., Honolulu, Ha*
wall.
1916 Aahley, Arthur Henry, Stockton, CaL
IWO Ashl^, Henry de L., Kanaaa City* Ma
1916 Aahroead. J. Edward, Newark, N. J.
1918 Aabton, Cheater H., Knoxrille. Pa.
1906 Aahton, Jamea H., Taooma, Waah.
1918 Atheam, Fred G., San Pranclaeo, Oil.
1909 Atherton, Percy A.. Beaton. Mase.
1922 Atkina, Joaeph L., Portland, Ore.
1922 Atkinaon, Alatau, L. 0.» Honolulu,
Hawaii
1918 Atkinfon, Harry H., Tonopah, Ner.
1921 Atkinaon, J. S., ShreTCport, La.
1916 Atkinaon, John M., St. Louia, Mo.
1921 Atkinaon, Tbomaa E., Orand Porka,
N. D.
19n AttkiaK>n, Bug«ae R.* Loulavllle, Ky.
1910 Atwater, Harry Hall, New Haven, Conn
1921 Atwell, Howard J., Fairbanka, Alaa.
1914 Atwell. Wm. H.. Dallaa, Tex.
1920 Atwood. Clarence G., San Francisco,
Cat.
1914 Atwood, John H., Kanaaa City, Mo.
1918 Aubrey, Alfred B.. Merlden, Conn.
1914 Aubrey. Geonre W., Allentown, Pa.
1922 Aubrey, William, San Antonio, Tex.
1921 Audiinclofli, Gordon, New York, N. Y.
1911 Auerbech. Joaeph S., New York. N. Y.
1919 Auger, Berchtnana, Orangeville, Idaho.
1917 Augur, Erroll M., New Haven, Conn.
1917 Aust, John R., Nashville, Tenn.
1918 Austin, Chauncey O., St. Albana, Yt.
1919 Austin, Chaiincey G.. Jr., Chicago, IlL
1921 Austin, Edward W., Chicago, 111.
1919 Austin, Edwtn A., Topeka. Kana.
1922 Austin, Frank B., San Franciaco, Oal.
1917 Austin, George C, New York, N. Y.
1921 Austin, Jamea Allen, High Point, N. 0.
1921 Austin, Ralph 0.. Joliet, 111.
1914 Austin, W. C, Eldorado, Ok la.
1012 Austin. Warren R., Burlington, VL
1922 Austin, William B., JelTeraon, N. 0.
1908 Auatrian, Alfred S., Chicago, 111.
1914 Auxier, Am^rew E., Plteville. Ky.
1918 Averill. Mark R.. Tonopah. Nev.
1922 Averitt, H. S., FayetteviUe, N. a
1906 Jiftry, A. 0., Spokane, Wash.
1913 Avery. Brainard, New York. N. Y.
1918 Avery, 0. L., Ofoton, Oonn.
1914 Avery, Ooleman, Cincinnati, Ohio.
1917 Avery, Frank M., New York, N. Y.
1914 Avery, Nathan P., Holyoke, Maaa.
1914 Avia. 8. B., Charleston, W. Va.
1921 Await, F. G., Laurel, Md.
1922 Axelrod, Ourtav C, St. Paul, Minn.
1922 Axelrod, Herman 8.. New York, N. Y.
1902 Axtell, Ean P., Jacksonville Fla.
1920 Axtell. Silaa Blake, New York, N. Y.
1922 Aybar. Eduardo Acuna, San Juan, P. B.
1914 Ayoock, W. T., Columbia, S. C.
1913 Aydlett. E. F., Eliaubeth City, N. C.
1921 Ayer, Gharlea F., New York, N. Y.
1911 Ayera. Walter. Brookline, Maaa.
1918 Aylmer, Adolph W., Jameatown, N. D.
1916 Aylmore, Reeves, Jr.. Seattle. Waah.
1911 Aylward, Jamea F.. Boston, Maaa.
1920 Aylward. James P., Kansas City. Mo. *
1922 Aynesworth, George L., Fresno, 0*1.
1922 Ayre8» Albert D., Reno, Nevada.
1909 Ayrea. William, Pineville. Ky.
1921 Baar, Arnold R., Chicago, 111.
1901 Babb, Henry B., Denver, Colo.
1904 Babb, James E.. Lewiston, Ida.
1912 Babb, Max Wellington, Milwaukee, Wlai
1913 Babbage, Richard G., New York. N. Y.
1904 Babbitt, Byron F., St. Louis. Mo.
1921 Babcock, H. Howard, New York, N. Y.
1920 Babcock, Howard, Siaaeton. S. D.
1915 Babcock, W. A., Twin Falla. Idaho.
1921 Bach. Grannia, Jackaon. Ky.
1922 Bacheller, E. Paul, Luak, Wyoming.
1922 Bacheller, Harold L, Luak. Wyoming.
1915 Bachman, Nathan L., Naahville, Tenn.
1916 Bachrach, Walter. Chicago, 111.
1921 Backcs, H. W., Trenton, N. J.
1920 Backatrom, Jamea L., Santa Fe, N. M.
1921 Backua, Grosvenor H., New York. N. Y.
1922 Backus, Perry F., Los Angeles. Oal.
1922 Backus, Ridurd C. Pittsburgh, Pa.
1930 Backus, Standish. Detroit, Mich.
1922 Bacon, Edward E., Loa Angeles, OaL
1917 Bacon, F^derick H.. St. Louia, Mo.
1919 Bacon. Gaapar G., Boston. Maaa.
1919 Bacon, George A., Springfield, Maaa.
1910 Bacon. Henry M.. Chicairo. 111.
1921 Bacon, James B.. Pocatello, Ida.
1918 Bacon. Jamea F.. Boston. Maas.
1916 Bacon. Leon Brooka, Cleveland. Ohio.
1808 Bacon. Selden, New York. N. Y.
1914 Baron. Walter H.. Rridreton. N. J.
1921 Bacon, Walter R., Baldwin Park. Oal.
1917 Bacot. Tbomaa W.. Charleston, S. C.
1918 Badger. Carl A., Salt Lake City, Utah.
19U Badger, Walter L, Boston, Maas.
728
AMEBICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
BLBCTKD
1921 Bftdffler, Forrest 0.. Jaclnon, Mich.
L015 Badt, Milton B., Elko, Nevada.
1912 Baenacfa, Emil, Manitowoc, Wia.
L918 Baer, George P., ClereUad, Ohio.
1912 Baer, Henry. Cincinnati, Ohio.
L911 Baetjer, Edwin Q., Baltimore, Md.
1911 Baetjer, Harry N., Baltimore, Md.
1914 Bagfoy. C. C, Danville. Ky.
1915 Bagby, George P., Baltimore, Md.
1921 Bagby, Joseph W., Georgetown, Ohio.
L921 Ba«rg8, George T., Stevensville, Mont.
L915 Bagley. E. M., Salt Lake City, Utah.
1921 Bagley, Horace, Towner, N. D.
1911 Bagley, William R., Madison. Wis.
1912 Bailen, Samuel Liiwrence, Boston. Mass.
1922 Bafley, A. O., Woodland, Gal.
1911 Bailey, Charles L.. Jr.. Harrisburg. Pa.
1896 Bailey^. Charles O.. Sioux Falls, S. D.
1921 Bailey, Clinton S., Dallas, Texas.
1914 Bailey. Edward S., Washington. D. C
1916 Bailey, Frank M.. Ohickasha. Okla.
1913 Bailey, Guy W., Burlington, Vt.
1904 Bailey, HoUis R., Boston, Mass.
1920 Bailey. J. O., Portland. Ore.
1918 Bailey, Joseph W., Dallas, Texas.
1911 Bailey, Marsh W., Washington, (owa.
1914 Bailey, 01i>%r G.. Cincinnati. Ohio.
1921 Bailey, R. D., Bailey\'ille, W. Va.
1916 Bailey, Stephen A., Cleveland, Ohio.
1921 Bailey, Theodor L.. New York. N. Y.
1906 Bailey. William D., Dulu(h, Minn.
1914 Bailie, A. D., Storm Lake, Iowa.
1922 Bailie, Norman A., Los Angeles, Gal..
1922 Bailly, Edward C, New York, N. Y.
1919 Baily, Harold James. New York, N. Y.
1922 Bainbrldge, B. M., Stockton, Gal.
1921 Baird, Rochester, Lafayette, Ind.
1886 Baker, Albert A., Providence, R. L
1922 Baker, Arthur G., Prescott, Ariz.
L920 Baker, Benton, Bismsrck, N. D.
1918 Bsker, COisrles G., Lancsster, Pa.
1919 Baker, Charles L., Fall River. Mass.
1906 Baker, Charles S., Columbus, Ind.
L921 Baker, Charles W., Jr., Cincii nati. Ohio
1922 Baker, Claude F., Eureka, Utah.
1884 Baker. Darius, Newport. R. I
1922 Baker, Emerson W., Fitchburg, Mass.
1920 Baker, Frederick Sherman, Det^t>{t. Mich.
1922 Baker, George B., Sigoumey, Iowa.
1913 Baker, George C, Morgantown, W. Va.
1914 Baker, Gibbs L., Wsshington, D. C.
1921 Bsker, Herbert M., Greeley, Col.
L921 Baker, Hinton J., Femandins, Fla.
1919 Baker, Hugh B., Newport. R. I.
1921 Baker, Irving Wesley, Chicago, III.
1917 Baker. J. G.. New Orleans. La.
1913 Baker. J. Henry. Baltimore. Md.
1911 Baker, James A., Houston, Texas.
1920 Baktr, James C, Eaoanaba, Micb.
1921 ^ker, James F., HoBtsville, Tenn.
1914 Baker, John M., Spencer, W. Va.
1920 Baker, John R., Fulton, Mo.
192S Baker, John William* Providence, R. L
1913 Baker, Joseph J., New York. N. Y.
1921 Baker, Joseph M., Hillsboro. lU.
1921 Baker, Lawrence A., Washington, D. G
1921 Baker, Lee L.. Provo, Utah.
1914 Baker, Uwis M. G.. Knoxvflle, Tenn.
1914 Baker, Merrit N., Buffalo, N. Y.
1914 Baker, Newton D., Cleveland, Ohio.
1912 Baker, Norman U, Milwaukee, Wis.
1914 Baker, Rhodes S., Dallas, Texas.
1918 Baker, Richard U., Norfolk. Va.
1906 Baker, Robert A., Jacksonville, Fla.
1900 Baker, William H., Jacksonville. Kla.
1894 Bakewell. Paul, St. Louia, Mo.
1916 Bakewell, Paul, Jr., St. Louis, Mo.
1911 Balderston, Walter C, Washington,
D. C.
1921 Baldridge, Baker, Chicago. lU.
1916 Baldfige, H. H., Omaha, Nebr.
1918 Bakh-ige, Thomas J., HoUidaysburg. Pa.
1916 Baldwin. A. R., San Francisco, Cal.
1906 Baldwin, Albert, Dulutb, Minn.
1908 Baldwin. Alfred C, Derby. Conn.
1921 Baldwin, Arthur D., Cleveland, Ohio.
1921 Baldwin, Cameron L.. LsCroase, Win.
1909 Bsldwin, Clark E.. Adrian. Mich.
1922 Baldwin, Henry De Forest, New York.
N. y.
1906 Baldwin, Heniy R., Chicago, llL
1919 Baldwin. Howard C, Detroit. Mich.
1921 Baldwin, Leonard D., New York, N. Y.
1921 Baldwin, Mortimer M., Birmingham, Ale.
1911 Baldwin. Roger S.. New York, N. T.
1919 Baldwin, Seth W„ New Haven, Conn.
1878 Baldwin, Simeon E., New Haven. Conn.
1918 Baldwin. Stephen C, BrcJbklyn, N. Y.
1921 Baldwin, W. H., Rockport, Texas.
1904 Baldwin. W. W.. Chicago, HI.
1916 Baldwin, Wm. Edward, Cleveland, Ohio.
1921 Baldwin, William V.. Springfield. Maes.
1922 Baldy, Christopher, Buffalo, N. Y.
1922 Baldy, W. E., Carson City, Nev.
1921 Balkema, Peter, Sioux City, lovra.
1914 Ball, Eugene E., Kansas aty. Ma
1914 Ball, Farlin H.. Chicago, HI.
1901 Ball, Fred S., Montgomery. Ala.
1912 Ball, George W., Iowa City, Iowa.
1914 Ball, J. Frank, Wilmington. DeL
1896 Ball, R. B., Kansas City, Mo.
1911 Bsllantine, Arthur A., New York, N. T.
1916 Ballantine, Henry W.. ' Minneapolia.
Minn.
1921 Ballard. Edward M., Cincinnati. Ohio.
1921 Ballard, Ernest &, Chicago. 111.
ALPHABETICAL U8T OF MEMBBR.S.
no
KUtCTEB
19i2 Uallard, Eusene, Montvomery, Ala.
1921 Ballard, Henry 8., Oolumbtis, Ohio.
1014 Ballhom, George £., Milwaukee. Win
1006 BaUiet, Andrew J., Seattle, Wash.
1008 Ballinger, Harry. Seattle. Wash.
1020 Ballreich, C. A.» Pueblo. Colo.
1914 Balluff, Walter M.. Davenport. loWa.
lOte Balner, Thoroai^ Seattle, WaA.
1012 Bamberger, Ralph, Indianapolia, Ind.
18B6 Bancroft, Bdgar A.. Chicago. 111.
1016 Bancroft, Prank N.. Denver, Colo.
1012 Bancroft, L. H., Milwaukee, Wis.
1021 Bandini, Ralph. Los Angplen. Cal.
1021 Bane, Ed. R., Scott City. Kan.
1016 Bane, John C, Pittsburgh, Pa.
1020 Bane. William J., Detroit. Mioh.
lOSl Bangs, Francis R., Boston, Mass.
1011 Bangs, Frederick A.i Chicago. 111.
1006 Bangs. George A.. Grand Fosk, N. D.
1919 Bangs. Hal C, Chicago, HI.
1006 Bangs. Tncy R., Grand Forks, N. D.
1021 Bangs, William Dean, Chicago, HI.
1014 Banister. E. W.. St. Louis, Ma
1017 Bankhead. John H., Jr.. Jasper. Ala.
1014 Banks, John W., Bridgeport, Conn.
1006 Banks, Lemuel, Memphis, Tenn.
1913 Bannister. L. Ward, Denver, Colo
1020 Banta, Parke M., Potosi, Mo.
1007 Banton, Joab H., New York, N. T.
1021 Banyon, Willlard J.. St Joseph, Mich.
1020 Bandiaf. Albert H. T., New York. N. Y.
1012 Barasa. Bernard P., Chicago, HI.
1021 Barber, A. L.. Little Rock, Ark.
1006 Barber. Arthur Wm.. New York, N. Y.
1022 Barber, Frank E., Brattleboro, Vt.
1020 Barber, Herbert Goodell. Brattleboro.
Vt.
1021 Barber. John A., SpringfleUi. 111.
1022 Barber, L. N., Fresno, Cal.
1021 Barber. Oscar T.. San Francisco. Cal.
1022 BaVbieri, Joseph P., New York. N. Y.
1014 Bartwur, Edward A.. Springfield. Mo.
1021 Barbour. J. F.. Yazoo City. Miss.
1014 Barbour, Jsmes J., Chicago, HI.
1006 Barbour, John S.. Washington, D. O.
1020 Barce, Elmore, Fowler, Ind.
1020 Barclay, Albert H., New Haven, Conn.
1683 Barclay, Shepard. St. Louis. Mo.
10!a Barco, Samuel J., Miami, Fla.
1022 Barcroft, David P.. Madera. Oal.
1922 Barcroft, Joseph, Madera, Gal.
1022 Bardin, J. A., Salinas. Oal.
1020 Bardwell, A. E.. Cleveland, Ohio.
1022 Bardwell, Winfleld W.. Minneapolis.
Minn.
1016 Barefoot. B. B., Chickasha, Okla.
1021 Barendt, Arthur H., San Francisco, OaL
lOZl Barger, Harry S., Washington, D. 0.
KLSCTBD
1010 Baright, Clarice M., New York, N. V.
1021 Barker, Allen J., Syracuse, .V. V.
1013 Barker, B. Devereux, Boston. Mass.
1012 Barker, Burt Drown, New York, N. Y.
1921 Barker, Donald, Los Angeles, Cal.
1022 Barker, George S., Ogden, Utah.
1013 Barker, Harry C. St. Louis, Mo.
1921 Barker, Harry C, Poughkeepsie, N. V.
1012 Barker, Wendell P.. New York. N. Y.
1022 Barker, William J., Jacksonville, Fla.
1009 Barlow, Burt E., Washington. D. C.
1021 Barlow, Charles Lowell, Boston. Muaa
1022 Barlow, Walter, Detroit, Mich.
1021 Barnard, Edward N.. Detroit, Mich.
1006 Barnard, Rilph P., Waahington, D. C.
1014 Bamer, Geo. S., Webater City, Iowa.
1006 Barnes, Albert C, Cliicago, 111.
1914 Barnes. Albert R., Salt Lake City. Utah.
1022 Barnes, Arthur S., New York, N. Y.
1010 Barnes, Cecil, Chicago, III.
1869 Barnes, Charles B.. Boston, Mbsm.
1916 Rsmes. Chester D., Kenosha. Wis.
1916 Barnes, Clarence A., Mexico, Mo.
1914 Barnes, Clarence A., Mexico, Mo.
1921 Barnes, Earl Brandon, Kokomo. Ind
1913 Bsmes, Ears A., Oswego. N. Y.
1917 Barnes, Hsrry C, Chicsgo.. 111.
1912 Barnes, Henry B., New York, N. Y.
1914 Barnes. John B.. Jr.. Cssprr. Wyo.
1903 Bsmes, John Hampton, Philadelpiiin,
Pa.
1921 Barnes, John P., Chicsgo, III.
1913 Barnes, Milsn D., New York, N. Y.
1913 Barnes, R. M., Lacon, III.
1914 Bsmes. W. H., Fairbury. Nebr.
1917 Barnes. William H.. Clayton, Mo.
1921 Baraet, Philip, New Bedford, Mass.
1921 Baraet, Ssmuel, New Bedford, Mssr.
1912 Raraett, D. R , Yazoo City. Mis^.
1922 Barnett, David, New York, N. Y.
1918 Baraett, Fred. Hammond. Ind.
1917 Bamett. J. B.. Monroe ville. Ala.
1002 Baraett, James F., Grand Rapids, Mirh.
1915 Barnett, John T., Denvor. Colo.
1904 Bamett, Otto Raymond. Chicago. 111.
1914 Bamett, Raymond G.. Kanus City. Mo.
1911 Barney, Charles Ncal, New York. N. Y.
1922 Barney, Herbert M., Texarkana, ArV.
1913 Bamhart. Frank P.. Johnstown. Pa.
1921 Bamhart, Marvin E.. Cliicago, 111.
1916 Bamhill, Wm. Allen. Los Angeles. Cal.
1918 Barnwell, Nathaniel B., Charleston.
S. C.
1922 Baron, David, St. Louis, Mo.
192() Baron, II. G.. St. Louis. Mo.
1918 Baron, Saul J., New York, N. Y.
1921 Barr. George A., Joliet, HI.
730
AMERICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
CLECTBD
1922 Barranoo, Augustine P., New Tork»
N. Y.
1916 Barratt, J. Arthur, London, Ragland.
1914 Barratt, Norris S., Philadelphia, Pa.
1914 Barrett, Dexter T., Lincoln, Nobr.
1922 Barrett, Prank A., Lu8k« Wyoming.
1911 Barrett, Henry R., White Plains, N. T.
1906 Barrett, Jamea M., Fort Wayne, Ind.
1921 Barrett, Jaaper J., Astoria, Ore.
1916 Barrett, Jesse W., Jefferson City, Mo.
1922- Barrett, R. M., Santa Rosa, Cal.
1918 Barrett, Richardson D., Minneapolis,
Minn.
1921 Barrett, W. W., Pikeville, Ky.
1918 Barrett, Wilbert P., Haverhill, Maak
1921 Barrett. William, Pratt, Kan.
1912 Barrett, Wm. H.. Augusta, Ga.
1922 Barringer, Harrison E., JacksonTille,
FU.
1917 Barringer, John A., Greensboro, N. 0.
1921 Barroll, Hope H., Cbestertown, Md.
1909 Barron, Charles H., Columbia, S. C.
1921 Barron, Edward O., Sioux Falls, S. D.
1918 Barron, James 8 Norfolk, Va.
1922 Barrow, Wylie M., Baton Rouge, La.
1906 Barrows, Chester W., Providence. R. L
1922 Barrows, R. K., San Francisco, Cal.
1922 Barrows, W. H., San Francisco, Cal.
1894 Barry, Edmund D., Los. Angeles, Cal.
1921 Barry, Gerald J., New York, N, Y.
1919 Barry, Hamlet J., Denver, Colo.
1911 Barry, Herbert, New York, N. Y.
1922 Barry, J. E., San Francisco, CaL
1921 Barry, Jamea D., Tucson, Ariz.
1920 Barry, Norman C, Miami, Okla.
1919 Barry, William J.. Boston, Mass.
1921 Barse, George P., Washington. D. C.
1916 Bartch, G. W., Salt Uke City, Utah.
1921 Bartelme, Mary M., Chicago, HL
1922 Bartels, Arthur 0., Denver, Col.
1894 Bartels, GusUve C, Denver, Colo.
1916 Bartelt, Arthur R., Milwaukee, Wis.
1912 Barth, Irvin V., St. Louis. Mo.
1908 Barthell, Edwsrd E.» Chicsgo, IIL
1908 Bartholomew, Pliny W., Indianapolis,
Ind.
1916 Bartilueci, Joneph P.. Philadelphia. Pa.
1922 Bartlett, Alfred L., Los Angeles, Cal.
1921 Bartlett. Charles C, Chicago, 111.
1918 Bartlett. Charles H., New York, N. Y.
1887 Bartlett, Charles L., Macon. Ga.
1914 Bartlett, Charles L., Chlrago. 111.
1920 Bartlett, Danie!, St. Louis, Mo.
1921 Bartlett, Frederic A., Bridgepo t. Conn.
1922 Bartlett, George A., Reno, Nev.
1911 Bartlett, J. Kemp, Baltimore, Md.
1918 Bartlett, John H., Portsmouth, N. H.
1891 Bartlett. John P., New York» N. Y.
BLECTED
1919 Bartlett, Joseph W., Boston. Mass.
1921 Bartlett, Louis, San Francisco, Cal.
1922 Bartlett, Philip G., New York. N. Y.
1911 Bartlett, Ralph S., Boston. Mass.
1918 Bartlett, Samuel E., Ellsworth. Kan<«.
1918 Bartlett, Willard, New York, N. Y.
1906 Bartley, Charles E., Chicago. IIL
1922 Bartnett, Walter J., New York, N. T.
1922 fiarto, Joseph A., Seattle, Wash.
1919 Barton, Carlyle, Baltimore. Md.
1913 Barton, Elijah, Minneapolis, Minn.
1899 Barton, Oeorg« P., Altadena, CaL
1921 Barton, Lowrie C, Pittsburgh, Peim.
1921 Barton, R. M., Memphis, Tenn.
1915 Barton, Randolph, Jr., Baltimore, Md.
1921 Barton, Robert T., Winchester, Va.
1919 Barwick, Allen J., Raleigh, N. C.
1916 Barwise, J. U.. Jr.. Port Worth, Tex.
1913 Baaehore, Samuel B., Mechanicsburg, Pa.
1913 Baskerville, Thomas H., New York, N. Y.
1896 Baskin, John B., Louisrille, Ky.
1921 Basler, Carl B., Cincinnati. Ofaia
1910 Bass, Frank M., Nashville, Tenn.
1916 Bsssett, Arthur, Shanghai, China.
1921 Bassett, Elmer, Shelbyrille, Ind.
1911 Bassett, J. Colby, ^jston, Mass.
1912 Bassett, Lucius V., Rocky Monnt, N. C
1907 Bsssett, Norman U, Augusts, M
1913 Bastisn. Wlllitta A., Indianapolis, Ind.
1922 Basye, Lee, Alliance, Neb.
1921 Batchelder Edith, Boston, Mass.
1913 Batchelder, James K., Bennington. Yt.
1922 Batchelor, Chester A., Seattle, Wash.
1911 Batchelor, George H., Indianapolis. Ind.
1914 Baten, Thomas J., Beaumont, Tex.
1918 Bates, C. L., Holly Springs, Miss.
1914 Bates, Charles C, Tacoma, Wash.
1907 Batea. Charles W., St. Louis. Mo.
1922 Bates, Prank T., San Bernardino, CaL
1906 Bates, Henry M.. Ann Harbor, Mich.
1921 Bates, Jeanette, Chicsgo, IH. *
1911 Bates, John Lewis, Boston, Maais.
1913 Batea, Kahl Clement, New York, N. T.
1920 Bates. S. C. Springfield. Mo.
1917 Batea, Samuel O., Memphis, Tenn.
1919 Bates, Sanford, Boston. Mass.
1921 Bates, William Maffltt, St. Louis, M&.
1907 Battle. Alfred. Seattle. Waah.
1921 Battle, Charlton E., Columbus, Ga.
1911 Battle, George Gordon, New York, N. Y.
1914 Batta, Robert L., Pittsburgh, Pa.
1921 Bauer, Harry J., Los Angeles, OsL
1921 Bauer, J. B., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1914 Bauer, Oswald A., SpsrUll, N. Y.
1916 Bauer, Ralph S., Champaign, 111.
1918 Bauerle, Albert T.. PhiUdelphia, Pa.
1916 Baughn, Otia J., Florence, Aria.
1921 Baum, Joseph M., New York. N. Y.
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF MBMBBBS.
731
BLBCTED
1908 Bausman, Frederick, Setttle. \Va«h.
1«0 Baxter, Aldrich. Detroit, Mich.
1919 Baxter, Charles S., Boston, Maaa.
1921 Baxter, E. G., Gainesville, FU.
1900 Baxter. E. J., Jonesboro, Tenn.
1914 Baxter. Frank. Yuma, Ariz.
1921 Baxter, Harold, Phoenix, Ariz,
1896 Baxter, Irving F., Omaha, Nebr.
1921 Baxter, William J.. Granite City, III.
1910 Bays, Harry P., Tampa, Ra.
1886 Bayard. James Wilson, Philadelphia, Pa.
1914 Bayard, Thomas F.. Wilmingrton, Del.
1914 Bayes. William R., New York, N. Y.
1921 Bayles, Edwin Atkinson, New York,
N. Y.
1921 Bayless. Herman A., Cincinnati. Ohio.
1922 Bayless, W. 8., San Francisco. Cal.
1919 Bay ley. I':dwin A.. Boston, Mass.
1918 Baylis, Willard N.. New York. N. Y.
1921 Bayne, Howard R., New York. N. Y.
1921 Beach, Edward 8., New York, N. Y.
19ie Beach, Elmer E., Chicago, HI.
1921 Beach, H. C, Los Angeles, Cal.
1908 Beach, John K.. New Haven. Conn.
1922 Beach, P. M., Bau Claire, Wis.
1916 Beach. Raymond W.. Chicago, ill.
1919 Beal, Boylston A.. Boston. Mass.
1912 Beal, Fred. W.. Terre Haute, fnd.
1922 Beal, George R., Waltham, Haas.
1918 Beal, Henry W.. Boston. Mass.
1908 Beale, Charles W.. Wallace. Idaho.
1919 Beale. Cyrus W., Richmond, Va.
1918 Beale. Phclan, New York. N. Y.
1896 Beale. William G., Chicago, 111.
1914 Bean. Fillmore, Beltsville. Md.
1920 Beall, Phillip D., Pen^acola. Fla.
1914 Beals. Elton H.. Buffalo, N. Y.
1922 Beals, John David, New York, N. Y.
1912 Beaman, Middleton, Washington, D. O.
1914 Bean, Edwin J., Jefferson City, Mo.
1914 Bean, Robert S., Portland, Oregon.
1921 Beardsley, Charles A., Oakland, Cal.
1916 Beardsley, Harry J., Waterbury, Tonn.
1922 Beardsley, John, Los Angeles, Cal.
1896 Beardsley. Morria B., Bridgeport, Conn.
1911 Beardsley, Samuel A., New York, N. Y.
1921 Beardsley, Pamuel P., Bridgeport, Conn.
1922 Beardsley, Thomas IT., New York. N. Y.
1920 Beasley, Bert, Terre Haute, Ind.
1918 Beasley. James S., Nasliville. Tenn.
1921 Beasley, John R., Beeville, Texas.
1921 Beasley, John T., Terre Haute, Ind.
1913 Beasly, W. A.. San Jose, CaL
1914 Beattie. Chas. Maitland, New York,
N. Y.
1914 Beattie, Robert M., Memphis, Tenn.
1922 Beattie, Thomas A. 8., New York. N. Y.
CLI9CTKD
1917 Beatty, Robert C. New York. N. Y.
1914 Beattys. Frederick L., New York, N. Y.
1917 Beattys, George D., New York. N. Y.
1912 Beaty, Amos L.. New York, N. Y.
1921 Beauchamp, L. Greston, Princeie Anne.
Md.
1885 Beaumont. John W.. Detroit. Mich.
1921 Bebout, GayloH N., Detroit, Mich.
1900 Bechhoefer, Charles, St. Paul. Minn.
1922 Beehljr, Frank, Montesuma, lown.
1921 Bcchtel, Edwin DeT., New York, N. T.
1921 Beck, AmbroM B., Qeddea, S. D.
1910 Beck, Ira A., Battle Creek, Mich.
1901 Beck, James M., Washington, D. 0.
1921 Beck, John D., Greensburg, Kan.
1920 Beck, Thorwald M., Racine. Wis.
1914 Beck. William &, Indianapolis, Ind.
1917 Becker, Alfred L., New York. N. Y.
1912 Becker, Benjamin V., Chicago, DL
1018 Becker, John R., Boise, Idaho.
1921 Becker, Louis L., Chicago, 111.
1912 Becker, William Dee, St Loula, Mo.
1922 Beckett, 0. Tucker, San Frandaco, Oal.
1920 Beckett, R. C, Jr., St. Louis. Mo.
1920 Beckett. Richard C, St. Louis, Mo.
1920 Beckford, Frank M., Laconia. N. H.
1919 Beckford, George P.. Boston, Maak
1913 Beckley, Pendleton, Paris, France.
1921 Beckley, W. J., Ravenna, Ohio,
k 1916 Beckman, Arthur A., Anderson, Ind.
1921 Beckman, Vincent H., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1916 Beckwith. Charles H., Springfield, Mass.
1919 Beckwith, Edmund R., Montgomery,
Ala.
1918 Beckwith, Frank J., Charleatown, W. Va.
1921 Beckwith. Oliver R.. Hartford, Conn.
1922 Becaey, Roland, San Francisco, Oal.
1920 Bcdal, Wni. S.. St. Louis, Mo.
1902 Bedell. George C, Jacksonville, Fla.
1921 Bederman, Edwin B., Chicago, III.
1919 Bedford, C. Reynolds, Scranton, Pa.
1911 Bedford. George R.. Wilkes- Barre, Pa.
1901 Bedford. J. Claude, Philadelphia. Pa, ^
1922 Beebe, George, Los Angeles. Gal.
1921 Beebe, Walter E.. Chicago. 111.
1921 Beebe. William, Chicago, 111.
1892 Beeber, Dimner, Philadelphia, Pa.
1918 Beeber. William P.. Williamsport, Pa.
1922 Beecher, Daniel. Los Angeles. Oal.
1922 Beechler. Glenn C, Seattle. Wash.
1922 Beedy, Carroll L., Washington. D. O.
1918 Beedy, I>ouis 9., San Francisco, Cal.
1922 Beeken, Axel V., New York, N. Y.
1914 Beekman. Alston. Red Bank, N. J.
1916 Beekman. Ben]. B., Portland. Ore.
1907 Brekman, Charles K., New York, N. T.
1922 Beelcr, Adam, Seattle, Wash.
1006 Beelcr, Joseph Q.. North PUtte. Nebr.
732
-AMKRICAiV BAR ASSOCIATION.
ELECTBO
1920 Beeler, R. U., Knoxville, Teun.
1913 Beer, Scott E., New Orleans. La.
1894 Been, George E.. New Haven, Conn.
1910 Beeuwket, C. John, Baltimore, Kd.
1921 Beedey, George F., Olrard, Kan.
1908 Begg, William R.. New York. N. Y.
1921 BeggB, FYederic, Paterson, N. J.
1912 Behan, Louia J., Chicago. 111.
1922 Behm. Hany. Brighton. Col.
1921 Behymer, Glen, Los Angeles, Oal.
1913 Beitler, Abraham M., Philadelphia. Pa.
1912 Beitler, Harold a. Philadelphia. Pa.
1917 Be Jach, L. D., Memphis, Tenn.
1921 Belcher, Prank B.. Los Angeles, Oal.
1921 Belcher, Nathan, New London. Conn.
1922 Belcher, Richard, Marysville. Oal.
1912 Belden, E. H.. Spokane, Wash.
1921 Belden, Edgar A., Hamilton, Ohio.
1917 Belden, Ellsworth B., Racine. Wis.
1918 Belden, William P., Cleveland, Ohio.
1921 Belfleld, A. Miller, Chicago, III.
1919 Belford, George F., Streator, 111.
1918 Belford, Samuel W., Reno, Nev.
1922 Belknap, Ohauncey, New York. N. Y.
1914 Bell, Alexander H., Washington, D. C.
WIS Bell, 0. L., Karnes City. Texas,
1911 Bell, Charles, Herkimer, N. Y.
1921 Bell, Charles S., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1921 Bell, Ohrias A., Portland, Oreg.
1918 Bell, Oolley W., New York, N. Y.
1921 Bell, Douglas, Hopkinsville, Ky.
1922 Bell, Dwight D., San Diego, Cal.
1919 Bell, Edgar D., Pittsburgh, Pa.
1921 Bell, Ernest R., Fairmont, W. Va.
1916 Bell, Frank A., Negaunee, Mich.
1921 Bell, Prank A., Waverly, N. Y.
1922 Bell, Golden W., San Francisco, Cal.
1921 Bell, Harry F., Mansfield, Ohio.
1921 Bell, Hayden N., Chicago, 111,
1922 Bell, Henry Grady, Bainbridge, Ga.
1919 Bell, James F., Scranton, Pa.
1919 Bell, James Jackson, Shenandoah. Pa.
1921 Bell, 'ames R., New York City, N. Y.
1908 Bell. John C, Philadelphia, Pa.
1907 Bell, Joseph C, Denver, Colo.
1921 Bell, Lewis A., Cleveland, Ohio.
1912 Bell, Marcus L., New York, N. Y.
1914 Bell, Marshall W., Murphy, N. a
1918 Bell, Percy, Greenville, Miss.
1918 Bell, R. C, Cairo, Ga.
1913 Bell, Roger J., Roseau, Minn.
1920 Bell, Rupert A.. Detroit, Mich.
1921 Bell, S. W., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1918 Bell, U. A., Lake Charles. La.
1921 Bell, Will J., Chicago, HI.
1921 Bell, William A., New Orleans, U.
1917 Bellamy, John D., Wilmington, N. O.
KLKCTKb
1921 BelUtti. Walter, Jacksonville. . lU.
1921 Seller, James W., Washington, D. C.
1916 Bellew, Heniy E., Boston, Mass.
1920 Bellin, Jacob, Ansonia, Conn.
1919 Belser, Irvine F., Columbia, S. C.
1922 Belt, Harry Hackleman, Dallas, Oregon.
1909 Belt, William 0., Chicago, 111.
1921 Bemsn, John B., Los Angeles, Cal.
1921 Bender, Albert F., Elizabeth, N. J.
1912 Bender, Melvin T., Albany, N. Y.
1921 Bender, Welcome W., Elizabeth, K. J.
1904 Benedict, Abraham, New York, N. V.
1921 Benedict, Alfred B., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1921 Benedict, Charles C, Cincinnati, Ohio.
1916 Benedict, Charles W., Titusville, Pa.
1922 Benedict, Percy H,, New Orleans, La.
1921 Benedict, Roswell A„ South Norwalk,
Conn.
1918 Benedict. Russell, Brooklyn, N. Y.
1921 Beneileld, J. H., Jefferson, Texas.
1921 Benenuin, George R., Washington, D. C.
1911 Beoet, Christie, Columbia, S. C.
1918 Benet, Jos6, Mayaguez, P. B.
1921 Bengel, Frederic H., Chicago, 111.
1922 Boiitcs, Juan Guzman, San Juan, P. R.
1913 Benjamin, Frank, Newark, N. J.
1922 Benjamin, Maurice B., Los Angeles, Cal.
1921 Benjamin, Raymond, San Francisco.
CaL
1918 Benner, Charles C, Akron, Ohio.
1916 Benner, Thomas M., Pittsburgh, Pa.
1918 Bennet. Edgar, Washington. Kans.
1921 Bennet, James E., New York, N. Y.
1916 Bennet. John W., Waycross, Ga.
1914 Bennet, Sam S., Albany, Ga.
1911 Bennet, William S., Chicago, 111.
1907 Bennett, David C, Jr., New York. N. Y
1921 Bennett, E. Everett, Los Angeles, Oil.
1922 Bennett, Eugene D., San Francisco. Cal.
1913 Bennett, Frank A., Mt. Vcmon, N. \
1910 Bennett, Hugh M., Columbua, Ohio.
1922 Bennett, James S., Los Angeles, Cal.
1912 Bennett, John Henry, Viroqua. Wis.
1915 Bennett, John L., Colorado Springs,
Colo.
1917 Bennett, Joseph W., Brunswick, Ga.
1922 Bennett, Oliver P., Mapleton. Iowa.
1894 Bennett, Samuel C, Boston. Mass.
1912 Bennett, Smith W., Columbua, Ohio.
1920 Bennett, T. T., Marshfleld, Ore.
1922 Bennett, Vernon P., San Diego, Gal.
1921 Bennett, W. M., Buffalo, S. D.
1921 Bennett, W. T., Marshalltown, Iowa.
1921 Benoy, Wilbur E., Columbus, Ohio.
1918 Benshimol, David, Douglas, Ariz.
1921 Bensinger, Arthur B., Louisville, Kjr.
1912 Benson, Charles B., Hudson, N. Y.
ALPHAH£T1C'AL LIST OF MIBMBKBS.
733
ELKCTEO
1914 Benton, Clifton D., Miami, Fla.
10K2 Benson, Quy A,, Racine, Wia.
1921 Benson, Henry N., St. Peter, Minn.
1922 Benson, John C, Minneapolis, Minn.
1921 Benthin, P. J., Hayti, S. D.
1914 Bentlej-, Alexander O., Washington.
D. C.
1906 Bentley, Qfrue, Oiicsgo, HI.
1910 Bentley, Frank S., Baraboo, Wis.
1922 Bentley, H. O., Lima, Ohio.
1921 Bentley, Henry, Cincinnati. Ohio.
1922 Bentley, Peter, Jersey City, N. J.
1921 Bentley, Samuel E., New Bedford, Mass.
1919 Benton. A. Judion, Tscoma, Wash.
1919 Benton, Jay R., Boston, Msaa.
1922 Benzinger, Harry M., Baltimore, Md.
1911 Berenson, Arthur, Boston, Mass.
1919 Berg, E. H., Coenr d'Alene, Idaho*
1921 Berg, Theodore, Appleton, Wis.
1922 Berga, Pablo, Humacao, P. R.
1913 Bergen, Frank, Newark, N. J.
1900 Bergen, James J., Somerville, N. J.
1918 Bergen, Martin V., Philadelphia, Pa.
1908 Bergen, Tunis O., New York, N. T.
1922 Bergener, Charles O., Racine, Wis.
1922 Bergenfeld. Frank F., New York. N. T.
1912 Berger, Albert L.. Kansas City, Kans.
1914 Berger, Charles E., Pottsrille, Pa.
1920 Berger, Emanuel T., Detroit, Mich.
1921 Berger, Henry A., Chicago, HI.
1920 Berger, Homer H., Kansas City, Mo.
1914 Berger, Samuel A., New York. N. Y.
1921 Berger, William B., Chicago, 111.
1921 Bergerot, P. A., San Francisco, Cal.
1922 Bergesen, A. R., Fargo, N. D.
1921 Bergh; Martin, Sioux Falls, S. D.
1921 Bergin, Frank S., New Haven, Conn.
1921 Bergson, Samuel, Boston, Mass.
1921 Berke, E. A., Elkton, S. D.
1922 Berkebile, Thomas A., Los Angeles, Cal.
1914 Berkey, J. A., Somerset, Ps.
1919 Berkson, Msurice, Chicago, III.
1922 Berl, Eugene Ennalls, Wilmington, Del
1921 Bcrlinicke. Harry Robert, New York,
N. Y.
1910 Berman, Jacob H., Portland, Me.
1918 Berman, Oscar A., Cincinnati. Ohio.
192S Bermeister, A. 0., l^coma, Wash.
1921 Bern, Edward A., Chicago, 111.
1921 Bernard, Frederick H., Tucson. Ariz.
1911 Bernard, Silas G.. Asheville. S. C.
1922 Bemero, Frank A., New York. N. Y.
1910 Bemhard, John A., Newark. N. J.
1917 Bemon, Maurice, Cleveland, Ohio
1920 Bems, Julius L., Detroit, Mich.
1922 Bernstein, Alex., Portland, Ore.
1922 Bernstein, Benjamin, New York. N. T.
19J1 Bernstein, Fred, Chicago, Til.
1914 Bernstein, J. Sidney, New York, N. Y.
1921 Bernstein, Philip M., Waterbury, Conn.
1919 Berrien, Laura M., Waahington, D. a
1922 Berry, Ben, Stockton, OaL
1917 Berry, Carroll, New York, N. Y.
1910 Berry. Frank A., Nashville, fenn.
1921 Beny, Fred L., San Francisco, Oal.
1914 Berry, Frederick S., Wayne, Nebr.
1920 Berry, George A., Jr., Chicago, UL
1918 Berry, Henry N., Boston, Maas.
1912 Beny, John King, Boston, Maas.
1918 Berry, Maja Leon, Camden, N. J.
1910 Berry, W. A., Paducah, Ky.
1880 Berry, Walter V. R., Waahington. D. C.
1921 Bertram, H. W., Harrisonburg, Va.
1922 Berren, Louis, Centerville, & D.
1918 Beshlin, E. H., Warren, Pa.
1919 Besosa, Harry F., San Juan, P. R.
1912 Reason, J. W. Rutus, Hoboken, N. J.
1922 Besson, Samuel A.. Hoboken. N. J.
1918 B«t, Ernest O., Chicsgo. HI.
1922 Best, Raymond, Riverside, Oal.
1919 Beat, William H., Boston, Mass.
1914 Bettinger, Albert, Cincinnati. Ohio.
1906 Bettman, Alfred, Cincinnati, Ohio.
1912 Bettman, GUlbert, Cincinnati. Ohio.
1914 Betts, Samuel R., New York, N. Y.
1910 Beury, Charles E., Philadelphia, Pa.
1920 Beveridge, Albert J., Indianapolla, Ind.
1910 Beye, William, Chicago, HI.
1916 Beyer, Harold L., Grinnell, Iowa.
1921 Bianchi, John, Boston, Maas.
1917 Bias, B. Randolph, Williamson. W. Va.
1917 Bibb, Eugene 8., New York, N. Y.
1921 Bibb, John D., Anniston, Ala.
1921 Bibbee, Jed. B., Ironton, Ohio.
1922 Biby, John E., Los Angeles, Cal.
1921 Bicek, Frank H., Chicago, 111.
1918 Bickel, Paul J., Cleveland, Ohio.
1921 Bickers, R. A., Culpepper, Va.
1921 Bickerton, Joseph P., Jr., New York,
N. Y.
1912 Blckford, Herbert J., New York. N. Y.
1921 Bickley, Howard L., Raton, N. Mex.
1921 Bickley, U. F., Hamilton, Ohio.
1920 Bicknell, Lewis W., Webster. S. D.
1913 Bicksler, W. 8., Los Angeles, CsL
1907 Biddle, Charles, Philsdelphis. Pa.
1921 Biddle, J. E., Greeneville, Tenn.
1921 Bidwell, R. B., Olendora, Cal.
1918 Bidwell, Raymond A., Springfield, Mass.
1914 Bielaski, A. Bruce, New York. N. Y.
1921 BielsU, R. A., Sioux Falls, S. D.
1912 Rien, Franklin, New York, N. Y.
1922 Bien, Joseph E., San Francisco, Oal.
1922 Bierce, Herbert M., Winona, Minn.
1904 Bierer, A. G. Cnrtin, Guthrie. Okla.
1918 Biem, Samuel. Huntington. W. Va.
734
AMERICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
■LBOTED
19:iU Biernatzki. Charles A., Webster City,
Iowa.
192S Bigelow, Horace W., Detroit, Mich.
1920 Bigelow, NelsoD Calvin. Detroit. Mich.
1911 Bigelpw, WillUm Reed, Boston. Mass.
1918 Biffga, Charles L., Cleveland. Ohio.
1918 Biggs, Davis, St Louis, Mo.
1900 Biggs. J. Crawford, Raleigh. N. 0.
1921 Biggs, Leonard S., Monroeville, Ala.
1914 Bigga, Robert, Baltimore, Md.
1922 Biglow, L. Horatio, Jr., New Yorlc.
N. Y.
1916 Bihlmeier, Frank L., Muscatine, Iowa.
1908 Bijur, Nathan. New York, N. Y.
1921 Bilby, Ralph W., Tucson, Ariz.
1913 Bilder, David H., Paterson. N. J.
1922 Bilder, Nathan, Newark, N. J,
1911 Bill, Albert C, Hartford, Conn.
1922 Billings, Addie M., Calistoga, Gal.
1903 Billings. Charles L., Chicago, ill.
1917 Billings, Cornnlius C, New York, N. Y.
1922 Billings, Willism E., San Fnncisoo, OaL
1908 Billingsley, N. B.. Lisbon. Ohio.
1922 Binford, L. B., Los Angeles, Gal.
1922 Bingham, Charles W., Cedar Rapids, la.
1920 Bingham, George H., Manchester, N. H.
1918 Bingham, Harry, Littleton, N. H.
1906 Bingham, James, Indianapolis, ind.
1916 Bingham, Joseph Walter. SUnford Uni>
versity, Cal.
1911 Bingham, Norman W., Jr., Boston. Mass.
1906 Bingham, Robert W.. Louisville. Ky.
1922 Binnard, Morris, San Diego, GaL
1921 Binns, Henry G., Columbus, Ohio.
1922 Binswanger, Auguatus, Chicago, HI.
1913 Binswanger, Augustus C, Baltimore, Md.
1918 Binyon, R. A., Cleveland. Ohio.
1912 Bird. Claire B., Wausau, Wis.
1914 Bird. Daniel E., Kansas City, Mo.
1885 Bird, George E., Portland, Me.
1921 Bird, Richard E., Washington, D. C.
1919 Birdsflll, Alice M.. Phopnix, Aria.
1922 Birdsall. W. N., Waterloo, Iowa.
1917 Birely. Charles W., New Haven, Conn.
1921 Bisbeo, Leland S., Jackson, Mich.
1922 Bischoir, H. J., San Diego, Gal.
1921 Bischoff. 8. J., Portland, Oreg.
1914 Bishop, C. OrHck, St. Louis. Mo.
1911 Bishop, Glias B., Newton Centre. Mass.
1920 Bishop, Frank S., New Haven, Conn.
in4 Bishop, Henry W., Eustis. Fla.
1912 Bishop, James Franklin. Chicago, IlL
1909 Bishop, John E., St. Louis, Mo.
1912 Bishop, John W., Nashville, Ark. «
1918 Biasell, Clarence R., Cleveland, Ohio.
1911 Blsaell, Frederick O., Buffalo. N. T.
1896 Bissell, John H., Detroit. Mich.
1922 Binett, G. P., Seattlfe. Waah.
BLECTKD
iVi.6 Btssing, William P., New York, N. T.
1921 Bittle, J. L., Heber Springs, Ark.
1921 Bivans, Fannie A., Decatur, III.
1921 Blachl^, Henry W., Van Wert, Ohio.
1916 Black, Albert W., Bay aty, Mich.
1913 Black, Alfi«d P., San Franciaco, CaL
1919 Black. Charles F., Burlington, Vt.
1921 Black, Hal M., WichiU, Kan.
1918 Black, Heniy Campbell, Washington,
D. C.
1921 Black, Hugo L., Birmingham, Ala.
1916 Black, John D., Chicago, 111.
1913 Black, Loring M., Jr., New York. N. Y.
1920 Black, Oliver C, Oklahoma City. Okla
1921 Black. Robert, Gincionsti, Ohio.
1915 Black, Robert L., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1912 Black, William E., Milwaukee. Wis.
1921 Blackburn, Jamet H., Mt Vernon, lod.
1»t<l Biaikburn, Thunias W., Omsha. .Nebr.
1922 Blackford, James M., Libby, Mont
1918 Blackford, R. C, Lynchburg. Va.
1916 Blackinton, Oliver, St. Louis, Mo.
1921 Blackman, W. F., Alexandria, La.
1013 Blackmar, Abel E.. Brooklyn, N. Y.
1921 Blackmon. Rosa, Anniston, Ala.
1922 Blackitock, Charles P., Oznard, Gal.
1913 Blackwell. Geo. Engs, Kew York, N. Y.
1919 Blackwood. Ira C, Spartansburg, & C.
1921 Blackwood. R. E., Chicago. HL
1922 Blaha, Ralph G., Chicago, IlL
19(i8 Blaine, Elbert P., Seattle, Wash.
1F96 Blair, Albert. St. Louia, Mo.
1921 Blair, Albion Z., Portsmouth, Ohio.
1913 Blair, Burr D., Winona. Minn.
1919 Blair, D. W., MarietU, Qa.
1920 Blair, David E., JefTerson City, Mo.
1919 Blair. Floyd G., New York, N. Y.
1921 Blair, Fred B., Manchester, Iowa.
1921 Blair, Guy M., Portsmouth, Ohio.
1907 Blair, Henry P., Washington. D. a
1913 Blair, James T., Jefferson City, Mo.
1886 Blair, John S., Washington, D. C.
1911 Blair, Joseph Paxton. New York, M. T.
1912 Blair, R. W., Topeka, Kans.
1912 Blair, Robert F.. Tulsa, Okla.
1921 Blair, Robert W., Detroit, Mich.
1922 Blake, Bruce, Spokane, Waah.
1913 Blake, C. O., El Reno, Oklahoma.
1912 Blake. Chauncey E., Madison. Wis.
1921 Blake. Earl, WichiU. Kan.
1922 Blake, George H., Newark, N. J.
1921 Blake, Guy M., Ohicago, 111.,
1917 Blake. James B.. Milwaukee. Wis.
1921 Blake, Joseph M., Canton, Ohio.
1914 niakely, Elbert Follett. Psinesville, O.
1922 Blakeman, T. Z., San Francisco. CaL
1918 Blakey, William, MontRomery, Ala.
1922 Blanchard, Arthur H., SanU Paula. Cal.
ALPHABBTICAL U8T OF MBMBBBS.
736
ll^i4 BUnchard, O. B., Columbtia, Ohio.
1907 Blanchard, Gyrua N., Wilton, Me.
1918 Blanchard, Herbert H., Springfield, Vt
1922 Blanchard, Hham A., San Joee, Oal.
1900 Blanchard, John, Bellefonte, Pa.
191S Blanchard, Will A., Anoka, Minn.
19n Blanckeotmrg, O. B., San Francisco, OaL
1918 Bland. R. Howard, Baltimore, Md.
1917 Bland, Robert L., Wetton, W. Ta.
1918 BUnd. 8. O.. Newport Newa, Va.
1921 Blankenbaker, Felix, Terre-Haute, Ind.
1922 Blankenbom, D. Eugene, Jtney Oity,
N. J.
1922 Blanksten, Samuel B., Chicago, III.
1913 Blantqn, Horace H., Kansas City, Mo.
1922 Blatner, William D., Ohicago, 111.
1920 Blats. Francia J., PUinfleld, N. J.
1922 Blau, William, New York. N. T.
1914 BUuvelt, George A., New York, N. Y.
1914 Blaxter, H. V.. Pittaburgfa, Pa.
1915 Blayney, J. M., St. Louis, Mo.
1918 Bledsoe. Benjamin F., Los Angeles, Cal.
1908 Bledsoe, 8. T., Chicago, HI.
1921 Blemnan, Oharles, Tucson, Aris.
1920 Blesse, William J., St. Louis, Ma
1904 Blerins, John A., St. Louis, Mo.
1922 Bliro, Henxy L., Chicago, HI.
1920 Blinn, Clarence J., Oklahoma Oity, Okla.
1912 Blinn, Geo. Richard, Boston, Mass.
1918 Bliss, Harmon J., St. Louia, Mo.
1914 Bliss, Willism H.. SanU Barbara, Cal.
1918 Bloch, Adolph, New York, N. Y.
1914 Bloch, Henry, New York, N. Y.
1918 Bloch, Joseph C, Clereland, Ohio.
1920 Bloch, Maurice, New York. N. Y.
1912 Block. George M., St. Louia, Mo.
1918 Block, J. D.. Paragould, Ark.
1922 Block, 8. John, New York. N. Y.
1921 Block, Samuel, Chicago, III.
1921 Block, Sidney H., Waukegan, 111.
1918 Blocki, Gale, Chicago, III.
1906 Blodgett, Edward E., Boston, Maas.
1919 Blodgett, Edward W., Pawtucket, R. L
1907 Blodgett, Henry W., St. Louis, Mo.
1918 Rlodtrett. Wells 11., St. Louis. Mo.
1922 Blohm, Charles H., Jersey City, N. J.
18M Blood, Jamea H., Denver, Colo.
1916 Blood. Walter W., Denver, Colo.
1919 Blood. William G., Keokuk. Iowa.
1911 Bloodgood, Francia. Jr., Milwaukee, Wia.
1912 Bloodgood, Wheeler P., Milwaukee, Wis.
1919 Blood worth. C. T.. Corning, Ark.
1921 Bloom, Darid H., Chicago, HI.
1922 Bloom, J. A., Dewitt, Iowa.
1914 Bloomberg. Harold S., Richmond, Va.
1915 Blount. G. Dexter, Denver, Colo.
1922 Blount, J. Henry, Jackaonville, Fla.
1917 Blue. Frederick O., Charleston, W. Va.
24
■LMTBD
1921 Blum, A. M., Chicago, IIL
1921 Blum, Henry S., Ohicago, 111.
1921 Blumberg, Benjamin, Terre-Haute. ttkd.
1921 Blumberg, Nathan 8., Chicago, HI.
1922 Blumberg, BamueL New York. N. Y.
1921 Blume, Fred H., Cheyenne, Wyo.
1922 Blumenthal, Eugene^ New York, N. Y.
1920 Blumenthal, Isadora 8., Chicago, III.
1918 Bhuienthal, Maurice B., New York,
N. Y.
1921 Blumenthal, Oscar, Ohicago, 111.
1921 Blumrosen, Darid, Chicago, HI.
1921 Bluxome, Joseph F., San Francisco, Oal.
1907 Blymyer, William H., New York, N. Y.
1921 Blyths, O. V. F., Hendersonville, N. O.
1922 Boalt. Gilbert D., San Jose, Cal.
1918 Boardman, G. H. B.. Marsha iltuwn,
Iowa.
1918 Boardman, Louis P., Los Angeles, Oal.
1912 Boardman, Richard, Jersey City, N. J.
1914 Bobb, Dwlght a, Chicago, HI.
1913 Bockes, Thomas W., Omaha, Ifebr.
1913 Bockius, Morris R.. PhiUdelphU, Ps.
1920 Bocock, John H., Richmond, Va.
1921 Boddington, Edward M., Kansas City,
Kan.
lim Bodey, E. L., Urbana, Ohio.
1922 Bodge, Eugene L., Portland, Me.
1928 Bodine, Joseph L., Trenton, N. J.
1916 Bodine. W. B.. Jr., Philadelphia. Pa.
1922 Bodkin, Henry 0., Los Angeles, Oal.
1922 Boehm, Paul W., Hettinger, N. D.
1912 Boesel. Frsnk Tilden, Milwaukee, Wis.
1913 Bogardua, John H., New York, N. Y.
1921 Bogart, Paul N., Terre-Haute, Ind.
1918 Bogert, George G., Ithaca. N. Y.
1906 Bogert, Henry L., New York, N. Y.
1921 Boggess, Leaton M. O., Peoria, HI.
1921 Boggess, W. F., Del Rio, Tezss.
1919 Boggs, G. Robert J., Boston. Maaa.
1922 Boggs, Luclen H., Washington, D. 0.
1921 Bogle. G. Otla, Brinkley Cfty. Ark.
1922 Bogle, Lawrence, Seattle, Wash.
1906 Bogle, W. H., Seattle. Waah.
1916 Bogue, Andrew S., Parker, S. D.
1914 Bogue, Frederick, Eaat Machias, Me.
1914 Bogue, Morion Griswold. New York,
N. Y.
1920 Bohannon, Earl. Muakogee. Okla.
1919 Bohannon, J. Gordon, Peterabiirg, Va.
1921 Bohleber, WillUm, New York, N. Y.
lim Bohlen. Francis H.. Philadelphia. Pa.
1922 Bohlittger, Neill, Little Rock, Ark.
1911 Bohmrich. Louis G., Milwaukee, Wis.
1922 Bohnett, L. D., San Jose, OaL
1922 BoiSKSU, Marion E., St. Louis, Mo.
1922 Boland, F. Eldred, San Francisco, OaL
1921 Boland, Frank A. K., New York, N. Y.
736
AMEHICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
192U BolenuiB, Austin P., New York, N. Y.
1917 Boles, E. H.. New York. N. Y.
1919 Boliofer, W. A., Washington, D. a
1909 Bollinger, James Wills. Davenport. Iowa.
1917 Bollmann, Carl P., New Haven. Conn.
1920 Bollmann, Prank E., New Haven. Conn.
1921 Bolsinger, H. C, Cincinnati, Ohio.
1911 Bolster, Percy G., Boston, Mass.
1919 Bolster, Stanley M., Boston. Mass.
1912 Bolte. G. Arthur. Atlantic City. N. J.
1922 Bolton, Arthur W., San Ptandaco, Oal.
1912 Boltwood. Lucius, Grand Rapids. Mich.
1911 Bomar, Horace L., Spartanburg, S. O.
1907 Bomberger, L. L., Hammond, Ind.
1918 Bomeialer, Louis E., New York, N. Y.
1911 Bond. Carroll T., Baltimore. Md.
1921 Bond, Pred M., South Bend, Wash.
1922 Bond, George H., Syracuse, N. Y.
1919 Bond, Henry H., Boston, Mass.
1909 Bond, Lawrence, Boston, Mass.
1917 Pond. I.<^is R., Morrisville. Ps.
1922 Bond( Nat. W., New Orleans, La.
1920 Bond, R, H.. Jackson. Tenn.
1913 Bond, Reford, Chirkasl.a. OkU,
1981 Bond, S. H., Gate City, Va.
1880 Bond. Samuel R., Washington, D. O.
1911 Bond, Sterling P., St. Louis, Mo.
1911 Bond, Thomas, St. Louis. Mo.
1911 Bond, Walter H.. New York. N. Y.
1920 Bonds, Archibald, Muskogee. Okla.
1921 Bondurant, George Perkins, Birming-
ham, Ala.
1921 Bondy, Eugene L., New York. N. Y.
1922 Bondy, Joseph, Syracuse, N. Y.
1913 Bondy, William, New York, N. Y.
1921 Bone, Eugene E., Springfield, lU.
1920 Bone. Samuel M., Batesville, Ark.
1921 Bonham, Prank S., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1911 Bonham. Milledge L., Anderson. S. C.
1916 Bonner, Wm. N.. Wichita Falls, Tex.
1913 Bonsall. Edwsrd H.. Philadelphia. Pa.
1922 Bonstead, D. H., Toppenish, Wash.
19'«1 Pontnjre. Robert W., New York. N. Y.
1922 Boone, FVank G., Modesto, Gal.
1921 Boone, Gordon, Corpus Christi. Texas,
1921 Boone, J. C, Salem, Ohio.
1922 Boone, Thomas C, Modesto, CaL
1921 Boone, Thomas R., Wichita Palls, Texas.
192n Boorstin, Samuel A., Tn1«s. Okla.
1922 ISooae, Oscar L., Sunnyside, Wash.
1916 Booth, Chsrles D., Portland, Me.
1918 Booth. G. Walter, Akron, Ohio.
1920 Booth, George E., Kansas City. Mo.
1922 Booth, Henley Clifton, San Pranciaco,
Oal.
1917 Booth, Henry J., Columbus, Ohio.
1914 Booth, Hiram £., Salt Lake City, Utah.
BLBCTBD
192! Booth, John Parichurrt, New York,
N. Y.
1913 Booth, John R., New Haven, Conn.
1922 Booth, Lee Madden, Jacksonville, Pis.
1911 Booth, Percy N., Louisville, iCy.
1906 Booth, Wilbur P., Minneapolis, Minn.
1914 Boothe, Gardner L., Alexandria. Va.
1921 Boos, John Taylor, Chicago, 111.
1920 Borchard. Edwin M.. New Haven, Oonn.
1907 Borchert, Hermann, New York, N. Y.
1913 Borders, M. W., Chicago, 111.
1920 Bordwell, Percy, Iowa City, Iowa.
1916 Bordwell, Walter, Los Angeles. CaL
1920 Boreman, Gilbert P., Ely, Nevada.
1921 Borland. Middleton S., New York, N. T.
1922 Borland, Robert H., San Prandsco, CaL
1914 Bomeman, Henry 8., Philadelphia, Pa.
1921 Borrelli, Prancis, Chicago, 111.
1912 Borst, Henry V., Amsterdam, N. T.
1922 Borth, Oscar, New York, N. Y.
1911 Bosard, Robert H., Minot, N. D.
1913 Bosley, Wm. Bradford, San Franciaoo.
Cal.
1912 Boss, Henry M., Jr., Providence, R. L
1916 Boason, Albert D., Chelsea, Msss.
1920 Bcitian, W. B., Kanas City, Mo.
1920 Bostick, Chsrles R., Tuln, Okla.
1907 Boston, Chsrles A., New York, N. T.
1910 Boston, John Guyton, New York, N. T.
1917 Bostwick, Edward H., Ithaca, N. Y.
1919 Bostwick, R. G., Pittsburgh. Ph.
1906 Bostwick, Wm. M., Jr., JacksonvHl^,
Fla.
1921 Boswell, 0. A., Bartow, Pla.
1911 Bosworth, Charles Wilder, Springfield,
Mass.
1905 Bosworth, Orrin L., Bristol, R. L
1919 Bosworth, Robert Graham, Denver. Colo.
1919 Bothne, N. J., New Rockford, N. D.
1913 Bothwell, James R., Twin Palls. Idaho.
1919 Bottomly, Robert J., Boston. Mass.
1917 Botts, Clarence M., Albuquerque, N. H.
1920 Botts, Ebert J.. Honoluln, HawaiL
1921 Botts, Pred, Miami, Pla.
1922 Botts, H. T., Tillemook, Ore.
1916 Botts, Joseph S., Lexington, Ky.
1921 Bouanchaud, Hewitt, New Roada, La.
1913 Bouchelle, J. P., Charleston. W. Va.
1920 Boucher, John J., Chicago, HI.
1901 Bouck, Prancis E., Lead vi lie. Colo.
1895 Boudeman. Dallas. Kalamazoo, Mich.
1922 Boudin, Louis B., New York, N. Y.
1919 Boughton, B. V., Coeur d*Alene, Idaho.
1913 Bouffhton. Edward J., Washington, D. O.
1922 Bouhan, John J., Savannah, Oa.
1921 Bouic, W. G., Hot Springs, Ark.
1917 Boulware, Thomas M., Barnwell. 8. O.
ALPHABSTICAL LIST OF MBMBEBfl.
*3r
19U
191S
IMl
1921
1910
19S1
1921
1011
1922
1922
1917
1V14
1919
1919
1922
1911
1917
1912
1892
1921
1910
1921
1913
1914
1921
1918
1911
1914
19U
1917
1914
1928
1914
1928
1916
1910
1920
1982
1914
1921
1918
1921
19^8
1911
1914
1921
1918
1916
1922
1906
1918
Boorfcois, Qeorge A., Atltntic Citj*
N. J.
Bourne, Louis M., Aafaerflle, N. C.
Bourquin, George U., Butte, l^ont.
BoiMball, John H., Raleigh. N. O.
Boutell, Viands L., Ghicago, 111.
Boutelle. M. H., Minneapolis, Minn.
Boutwell, Harvey L., Boston, Mass.
Boure, Clement L., Washington, D. C.
Bourier, John V., Jr., New York, N. Y.
Bowden, Nicholas, San Jose, Gal.
Bowe, Augustine J., Chicago, HI.
Bowe, Stuart, Richmond, Va.
Bowen, A. T.. Knoxville. Tenn.
Bowen, H. Ashley, I^mn, Mass.
Bowen, Jesse N., Baltimore. Md.
Bowen, Wm. A., Los Angeles, Gal.
Bowen, Wm. M., Los Angeles, Gal.
Bowen. William M. P., Providence, R. L
Bower, J. C., Lexington, N. G.
Bowers. E. A., El kins, W. V«.
Bowers, E. J.. New Orleans, La.
Bowers, Herbert O., 9outh Manchester,
Conn.
Bowers, John O., Gary, Indiana.
Bowen, Lee M., Huntington, Ind.
Bowers. Richard S., Caldwell. Tex.
Bowers, Spotswood D., New York, N. Y.
Bowers, Walter L., Los Angeles, Gal.
Bowen, Wm. O., Giddings, Tex.
Bowersock, Justin D.. Kansas City. Mo.
Bowie, Clarence K., Baltimore, Md.
Bowie. J. F., New York. N. Y.
Bowie, T. C, Jefferson, N. C.
Bowie, Washington, Jr.. Baltimore, Md.
Bowker, Don G., Ventura, Gal.
Bowker. Edgar M., Whitefleld, N. H.
Bowker. George C. PhiUdelphia. Pa.
Bowlby, John H., Ban Diego, Gal.
Bowler, Edward R., Sheboygan. Wis.
Bowler, Timothy M., Sheboygan, Wis.
Bowlca, Chsrles, Detroit. Mich.
Bowman. Abram B., San Diego, OaL
Bowman, Border, Springfield, Ohio.
Bowman. Harold H., New York, N. Y.
Bowman, Harold M., Newton Centre,
Bowman, Harry S., Santa Fe, N. Mez.
Bnwman. J. Riden. 8prin«fl#»M. Ohio.
Bowman. Noah L.. Oamett. Kans.
Bowman. W P.. Philadelphia. Pa.
Bowser, Fnncis E., Warsaw. Ind.
Bowser. S. P., Butler. Pa.
Boxley. FT«-d. A.. Kansas Oitv, Mo.
Boyce. William, Amarlllo, Texas.
Boyd, A. Hunter, Cumberland, Md.
Boyd. A. Hunter, Jr., Baltimore, Md.
Boyd. Claraice T., NaabTille. Tena.
1916 Boyd, Cornelius A., Ogden. Utah.
1919 Boyd, Francis R., Boston, Maaa.
1918 Boyd, H. R., Memphis, Tenn.
1918 Boyd, J. 0., Keokuk, Iowa.
1918 Boyd, James E., Greensboro, N. 0.
1918 Boyd, James T., Reno, Ner.
1914 Boyd, W. H., aeveland, Ohio.
1918 Boyden, Roland W.. Boston, MasSL
1914 Boyer, John S., St Joseph, Mo.
1981 Boyeaen, Alf E., St. Paul, Minn.
1917 Boyesen, HJalmar H., New York. N. Y.
1922 Bo^ken, A. W., San Fnndaoo, Gal.
1918 Boy Ian, Edward H., Akron, Ohio.
1921 Boylan, Peter Richard, Chicago, HI.
1921 Boyle, Edward, Chicago, 111.
1919 Boyle, James Patrick, Douglaa, Aria.
1910 Boyle, Lawrence P., Chicago, 111.
1916 Boyle, Murat, Kansas City. Mo.
1917 Boyle, R. J., San Antonio. Texaa.
1910 Boyle, William C, Cleveland. Ohio.
1913 Boynton, Albert E., San Franciaco, CaL
1921 Boynton, Ben B., Springfield. III.
1921 Boyn!on, Charles A., Waco, Texas.
1922 Boynton. Charles C.. San Francisco,
Gal.
1921 Boynton, WOliam P.. Alton, HI.
1906 Boys, WlllUm H., Strealor. III.
1920 Bozard, Joseph K.. Steamboat Springs,
Colo.
1907 Bozeman, Albert S.. Meridian, Miss.
1922 Bncelen, Charles M.. New York, N. Y.
1911 Bracken, Francis B., Philadelphia, Pa.
1921 Bracken, William K.. Bloomington. HI.
1912 Brackett, Edgar T., Saratoga Springs,
N. Y.
1918 Bradbury, Hany B.. New York. N. Y.
1918 Braden. James P., Washington, Pa.'
1922 Bradfleld. George H.. Gteel^. Oolo.
1980 Bradfleld, Thomaa C. Logantport, Ind.
1886 Bradford, Edward G.. Wihnington, DeL
1911 Bradford, Ernest W.. Washington. D. 0.
1912 Bradford, Francis 8., Appleton. Wis.
1921 Bradford, John M.. St Paul. Minn.
1921 Bradford. Philander S.. Columbus. Ohto.
1921 Bradham. D. A., Warren, Ark.
1913 Bradlee. Edward C. Boston, Masa.
1922 Bradlee. Helen West, Boston, Maas.
1922 Bradley. C. C, Lemars, Iowa.
1921 Bradley, Christopher M.. San Frandseo,
Gal.
1921 Bradley, Dawson E., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1921 Bradley, John, Wellington, Kan.
1914 Bradley. Lee C. Birmingham, Ala.
1914 Bradley, Ralph R., Chicago, 111.
1921 Bradley, S. Duncan, Washington, D. O.
1922 Bradley. Thomas K. D., Chicago. 111.
1907 Bradley. WiUiam M., Portland, Ms.
738
AMEBICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
1916
1918
1916
1911
1914
1921
1918
1921
1899
1921
1911
1921
1921
1921
1981
1914
1913
1918
1920
1922
1916
1916
191S
1920
1913
1911
1920
1912
1922
1913
1916
1922
1920
1919
IfSl
1913
1897
1914
1913
1903
1906
1914
1922
1917
1922
1922
1921
1928
1914
1913
1909
1921
1916
1M9
1921
1913
Bradley, Win. M., fclt Lake City, Utah,
bndner, B. J., Loi Ang^lea, Cal.
Bradahaw, Qiarlea S., Des Hoinea, Iowa.
Bradshaw, George S., Oreenaboro, N. 0.
Bradahaw, Henry A., Florence, Ala.
Bradahaw, W. L., Wheeling, W. Va.
Bradahaw, William F., Paducah, Ky.
Bradwell, J. D., Athena, Oa.
Brady, Arthur W., Andenon, Ind.
Brady, Charles E., Manitowoc, WI&
Brady, George Moore, Baltimore, Md.
Brady, J. H., Kanaaa City. Kan.
Brady, James A., New Tork, N. T.
Brady, Jaa. X*., Pittsburgh, Penn.
Brady, James W., Bartow, Fit.
Brady, John T., Harrisburg, Pa.
Brady, Michael C, Minneapolis, Minn.
Brady, Thomas, Jr., Brookhaven, Miss.
Brady, Walter L., St. Louis, Mo.
Brady. William N., Chicago, 111.
Brady. William Walter, Kansas City. Mo.
Bragaw, Stephen C, Washington, N. C.
Brainard, John M., Auburn, N. Y.
Brainerd, Ena. Jr.. Muskogee. Okla.
Brainerd, Ira H., New York, N. Y.
Braley, Heniy K., Boston, Mass.
Bramble, Forrest, Baltimore, Md.
Bramlett, W. Sherwood, Dallas, Tex.
Bramlette, David Clay, Jr., Woodville,
Bramlette, E. M., Longview, Tex.
Branch, Oliver W., Manchester, N. H. .
Brand, Clyde H., Sacramento, Oal.
Brand, George E., Detroit, Mich.
Brand, William C. H., Providence. R. L
Brandenburg, Edwin E., Washington,
O. 0.
Brandenstein, H. U., San Francisco, Cal.
Brandon, Morris, Atlanta, Ga.
Branine, Kara, Newton, Kansaa.
Brann, Wslter S., San Francisco, Csl.
Brannon, W, W., Weston. W. Va.
Brantl^, Theodore, Helena, Mont.
Brantley, W. G.. Washington. D. O.
Brattin, Carl L., Sidney, Mont.
Bratton. Sam G., Clovis, N. M.
Braun, Max M., Detroit, Mich.
Bray, A. P., Martinez, Cal.
Bray, James A., Joliet, HI.
Bray, Ross, Denver, Colo.
Bray, Thomas J., Oskaloosa, Iowa.
Brayton, Dean F., Salt Lake City, Utah.
Bra>-ton, Israel, Fall River, Mass.
Brsaell, Edward J., Portland, Or^.
Breaker. George J.. St Louis, Mo.
Bresux, Joseph A.. New Orleana. La.
Breaseale, Phanor, Natchitoches, La.
Breaceale, Samuel A., Harriman, Tenn.
ELKCTBB
1921
1912
1914
919
912
917
917
1907
921
921
921
.922
897
,922
922
922
913
913
Oil
914
919
916
921
921
921
911
918
921
920
920
900
918
914
922
922
920
916
922
921
906
920
921
913
916
913
912
917
919
917
912
914
918
981
Breckenridge, Jamea J., San Diego, Oal.
Breckinridge, A. N.. Summersville.
W. Va.
Breckinridge, Henry, New York, N. Y.
Breckinridge, M. A., Tulsa, Okla.
Breding, Ben N., Chicago, IlL
Bree, William A., New Haven, Conn.
Breed. Jamea McV, New York, N. Y.
Breed, WUliam C, New York, N. Y.
Breeden, Waldo P., Pittsburgh, Peas.
Breen, James W., Chicago, HI.
Breen, Maurice J., Fort Dodge, Iowa.
Breen, Peter A., San Francisco, Cal.
Breen, William P.. Fort Wayne. Ind.
BreeK, Clarence Dean, L«a Vegas, Nev.
Brecse, Thomaa H., Ban Frandsoo, Oal.
Breining, John W., Marine City. Mich.
Breitinger, F. L., Philadelphia. Pa.
Breitinger, J. Louia, PhiUdelphia, Pa.
Bremer, Clifton L., Boston, Maas.
Bremer, Paul G., St. Paul, Minn.
Bremner, Leith S., Richmond. Va.
Bremner. W. H., Minneapolis, Minn.
Brendecke, Wslter A., Chicago, III.
Brennan, Hubert A., L'Anae. Mich.
Brennan, J. H., Wheeling, W. Va.
Brennan, .'ohn F., Yonkera. N. Y.
Brennan, John H., Tulsa, Okla.
Brennan, Joseph P., New York, N. T.
Brennan. Martin J., Milwaukee, Wis.
Brennan, Redmond 6., Kanaaa City. Mo.
Brennan, Robert, Loa Angelea. Cal.
Brennan, Ruasell H., Washington, D. C.
Brennen. W. J., Pittsburgh. Pa.
Brannen, William J., Kalispell, Mont.
Brenner, Alfred, Bi^oone, N. J.
Brenner, Harry A., Springfield, Ohio.
Breslsuer, Arthur. Milwaukee, Wis.
Brealin, George M, Los Angeles, Oal.
Brett, Frank P., Waterbury, Conn.
Brewer, Daniel C, Boston, Maaa.
Brewer, Joseph H.. New Orleana, La.
Brewer, Oxero 0., Helena, Ark.
Brewer, PhiL D., Oklahoma City, Okla.
Brewer, Samuel S., Pera, Indiana.
Brewster, Frank, Boston. Mass.
Brewster, Joseph, New York. N. T.
Brewster, 0. Byroa, Bliabethtown,
N. Y.
Brewster, Ralph O.. Portlsnd, Me.
BHce, Chsrles R., Roswell. N. U.
Brice, Philip H., Philadelphis, Pa.
Brice, Wilson B.. New York, N. T.
Brickenrtein, John H., Wsshington.
D. C.
Brickley, Bartholomew A, Boctaa,
914 Bride, William W., WashiivtoB, D. a
AlfHABKHOAL U8T OF MBICBBBS.
789
BLBCTED
1914 Bridftf, Botwell C, Winton, N. C.
1917 Bndf«n, J. H., HendcrtoD, N. 0.
1888 Bridgert, John L., Tarboro, N. O.
1919 BridSM, Elia W. M., Hopkioton, IftH.
1908 BridgM, J. B., Olympla, Wuh.
1918 Bridges. Wm. Marshal], Florence, 8. O.
1922 Bridirford, Eugene A., San Pranciaoo,
Cal.
1916 Briere, Charlaa B., Qraad Bapidi, Win
1982 Brieaen, Frits ▼., New York, N. T.
1908 Briggs, Aaa O., St. Paul. Minn.
1922 Brifga, E. D., Aahland, Ore.
1921 Brigga, Heuy D.» Monroe, La.
1921 Brigga, Juatua A., Jr., New Bedford,
1918 Brigga, Wflliam A., Oklahoma City,
OkU.
1922 Brfgfa, WiUiam M., Aahland, Ore.
1918 Bright, Prank &, Washington, D. C.
1912 Bright, Robert S., Philadelphia, Pa.
1982 Brill, Abraham, B(««t York. N. T.
1981 Brill. J. Lecnard^-^cago. 111.
1911 Brimmtr, Oeorge ttt fiawlins, Wyoming.
1981 Briodel, Harry, iM|erstown, Md.
1921 Brink, Edward H., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1982 Brink, Virgil 0.. Boaton, Maaa.
1918 Brinton, Jasper Y., Alexandria, Egypt.
1917 Brinton, Sharswood, Philadelphia, Pa.
1900 Briicoe, John P., Prince Frederick, Md.
1921 Bristol, Oeorge W., New York, N. Y.
1981 Bristol, John W.. New Haven, Conn.
1914 Bristol, William A.. Statesville, N. G.
1911 Bristol, WilHsm C, Portland, Oregon.
1914 Briator, Joseph W., Baltimore, Md.
1918 Britain, A. H., Wichita Falhi, Tox.
1888 Britt, E. W., Los Angeles. Cal.
1918 Britt, James J., Waahington, D. 0.
1982 Britt, L. 8., El Dorado, Ark.
1911 Britt, Philip J., New York, N. Y.
1918 Britt, T. Lonia A., New York, N. Y.
1918 Brittain, Frank 8., San Francisco, Cal.
1906 Britton, Alexander, Washington, D. O.
1911 Britton, Roy F.. St. Louis, Mo.
1981 Britton, William E., Bloomington, Ind.
1920 Britton, William J., Wolfsboro, N. H.
1920 Briasolara, John, Fort Smith, Ark.
1920 Brcsddos, Bower, Muakogee, Okla.
1916 Broadhurst, Edgar D., Cheensborn, N. C.
1921 Bresdstone, M. A., Xenia, Ohio.
1921 Bresdwell, Charles, Cincinnati, Ohio.
1918 Brosdwin, Isidor L., New York. N. Y.
1921 BrondTf Jefferson H., Lincoln, Neb.
1918 Brobeck, W. I., San Francisco, Cal.
1910 Brock, Charles E., Clereland, Ohio.
1909 Brodi, Charlea R., Denyer, Colo.
1920 Brock, Elmer L., DenTer, Colo.
1917 Brock, Walter E., Wadeaboro, N. a
1911 Bfeoekttt, 0. M., Dcs lloinea. Iowa.
921
907
919
920
921
1921
900
917
921
906
913
914
920
981
908
921
908
909
922
919
918
921
909
911
920
913
922
921
921
906
918
914
918
919
920
920
921
914
917
921
907
922
921
916
921
913
922
920
921
921
Brockllsi, Prank E., Minden,^ Nermds.
Brockman, B. W., Pine Bluff, Ark.
Brodek, Charles A., New York, N. Y.
Broderick, Comeliua J., Lenox, Mass.
Broderick, Jsmes A., Manchester, N. H.
Brody, Joseph I., Des Moines, Iowa.
Broeman, Charles W., Cincinnati, Ohio.
Brogan, Francis A., Omaha, Nebr.
Brogsn, Thomaa J., Jersqr City, N. J.
Brogden, W. J., Durham. N. C.
Brokmeyer, Eugene C, Waahington,
D. a
Bromberg, Frederick G., Mobile, Ala.
Bromberg, Henri Louie, Dallas, Texas.
Brome, Clinton, Omaha, Nebr.
Bronsugh, Csrl C, Portland, Ore.
Bronson, - Clarence W., New Karen,
Conn.
Bronaon, David E., St. Paul, Minn.
Bronaon. Harrison. A., Bismarck, N. D.
Bronson, Henry, Manchester, Iowa.
Bronson. Ira, Seattle, Wash.
Bronson. Nathaniel R., Waterbury, Conn.
Bronson, Roy A., San Francisco. Cal.
Bronson. Sherlock. Richmond. Va.
Brooke, H. Laurence, Norfolk, Va.
Brookman. Douglas. San Francisco, Gal.
Brooks. Aubrey L., Greensboro, N. C.
Brooks, C. H., Wichita, Kansaa.
Brooks, Eck E., Muskogee, Okls.
Brooks, Frederick H., Smithfleld, N. C.
Brooks, George P., Des Moines, Iowa.
Brooks, George Murray, New York,
N. Y.
Brooks, Harry L., New Hsven, Conn.
Brooks, Herbert L., Helena, Mont.
Brooks, J. W., Wslla Walla, Wash.
Broolcs, John B., Erie, Pa.
Brooks, Joseph S., Kansas Cftv, Mo.
Brooks, Lawrence G., West Medford,
Mass.
Brooks, Lee, Canton, Pa.
Brooks, Leon G., Brewton, Als.
Brooks, Louis J.. Jr., St. Louis. Mo.
Brooks, Willsrd, Wichita, Kan.
Broomall, John M., Media, Pa.
Broomsll, W. B., Chester, Pa.
Brosmith, Allan E., Hartford, Conn.
Brosmith. William, Hartford, Conn.
Brosnan, John Francis, New York, N. Y.
Brothere, David M.. Chicago, 111.
Brothers, Elmer D., Chicago, HI.
Brothers, William Vincent, Chicago, fll.
Broughel, Andrew J,. Hartford, Conn.
Broughton, E. B., Modesto, Oil.
Broughton, Len G., Jr., Knoxville, Tenn.
Brouillard T. L., Ellendsle, N. D.
Broaillet, A. W., San Francisco, Cal.
r40
AMXBICAX BAM ABAOOIAXIOV.
1921 Broufllet, Hector A., CRiicft«o» DL
1922 Broolllette. H. L, Sioux Oi^, Iowa.
1918 BrouM, Edwin W.. Akron, Obio.
1917 Brower, Ernest C. Brooklyn, N. T.
1921 Brown, Alljm L.» Norwich, Oona.
1914 Brown, Armstead, Miami. Fla.
1920 Brown, Arthur C, Kansaa City, Mo.
1917 Brown, Arthur M.. Norwich, Conn.
1914 Bivwn, Ben Hill. Spartanburg, 8. O.
1921 Brown, Bererly, Oharleaton, W. Va.
1913 Brown, Calvin L.. St. Paul. Minn.
1890 Brown, Chapln, Waahinffton, D. C.
1902 Brown, Charica A., Chicago, HI.
1918 Brown, Charles Leroy, Chicago. IIL
1918 Brown, Charles P., New York, N. T.
1921 Brown, Charles R., Chicago, 111.
1914 Brown, Charles T., New York, N. T.
1922 Brown, Qynis O., Douglas, Wyo.
1918 Brown, Douglas W., Huntington, W. Va.
1921 Brown, E. K., Ellenaburg, Wash.
1919 Brown, Earle, Worcester. Mass.
1921 Brown, Edward A.. New York, N. T.
1914 Brown, Edward Eagle, Chicago, 111.
1921 Brown, Edward J.. New York, N. Y.
1906 Brown, Edward 0«i(bod, Chicago, IIL
1914 Brown, Edwin L., Luak, Wyo.
1910 Brown, Eli H., Jr., Louisville, Ky.
1913 Brown, Elmer W., Lincoln, Nebr.
1917 Brown, Ensign N., Yonngstown. Ohio.
1922 Brown, Everett J., Oakland, Oal.
1922 Brown, F. B., San Jose, CaL
1917 Brown, Forrest W., Cbarlestown, W. Va.
1898 Brown. Francis Shunk, Philadelphia, Pa.
1921 Brown, Franklin, Des Moines. Iowa.
1922 Brown, Fred 0., Seattle, Wash.
1912 Brown, Frederick A., Chicago, HI.
1918 Brown, George F., Titusville, Pa.
1914 Brown, George H., Boston, Msas.
1920 Brown. George M., Salem, Ore.
1913 Brown, George S.. Reno, Nevada.
1920 Brown, George T.. Tulsa, Okla.
1914 Brown, George T., Wilmington, DeL
1918 Brown. H. H., Ardmore. Okla.
1914 Brown, H. La Rue, Boston, Mass.
1918 Brown. Harry J., Concord, N. H.
1918 Brown. Henry P., Philadelphia, Pa.
1911 Brown, Hugh H.. Tonopah. Nev.
1922 Brown, I. I., San Franciaco, Cal.
189S B^-own, J. Hav. I^nraster, Pa.
1922 Brown, J. Henri, San Juan, P. R.
1915 Brown, J. Louis, Murray, Utah.
1910 Brown, James Edgar. Chicago. Ml.
1921 Brown, James F., Charleston, W. Va.
1907 Brown, James H., Denver, Colo.
1920 Brown, John, Memphis, Tenn.
1894 Brown, John A., Philadelphia, Pa.
1917 Brown, John C, Ka^bville, Tenn.
1918 Brown, John D., Pittsburgh, Pa.
1918 Brown, John P., BottoB, Mtm,
1922 Brown, Joseph A., San Francisco, OaL
1917 Brown, Julius, Greenville, N. C
1911 Brown, Lawrence E., Soottiboro, Ala.
1914 Brown, Leo M., Mobile, Ala.
1908 Brown, Leslie U, Winona, Mfain.
1921 Brown, M. A., Chamberlain, 8. D.
1922 Brown, M. Ralph', Prescott, Aria.
1918 Brown, Mark W., Aabeville, N. O.
1919 Brown, Mayo 0., Lynchburg. Va.
1921 Brown, Milton A., Chicago, IIL
1921 Brown, Milton Adams, Challta, Idaho.
1922 Brown, Nat A., Stockton, OhL
1918 Brown. Nathaniel &, St Louis, Mo.
1912 Brown, Norrls, Omaha, Nebr.
1922 Brown, O. 0., Indianola, Iowa.
1914 Brown, Oren Brltt, Dayton. Ohio.
1921 Brown, Prentiai M., St. Ignace, MldL
1921 Brown, Reuben, New York, N. Y.
1918 Brown, Reynolds D., Philadelphia, Pa.
1909 Brown, RobeHrA., St. Joseph, Mo.
1917 Brown, Ro^gnd, Billings, Mont.
1922 Brown, RooK^ Minneapolia. Minn.
1921 Brown, RussJPb., Ardmore, Okla.
1921 Brown. S. C, Chanute, Kan.
1921 Brown, Sanford, Cincinnati, Ohio.
1921 Brown, Soott, Chicago, IIL
1907 Brown, Seldcn S., Rochester, N. Y.
1914 Brown, Stephen S.. Jefferson City, lio.
1918 Brown, Stuart, Springfield. 111.
1894 Brown, Taylor E.. Chicago. 111.
1914 Brown, Thomas Stephen. Pittsburgh. Pa.
1920 Brown, Tracy D., Tulas. Okla.
1913 Brown. Volney M.. El Pa«>. TexM.
1922 Brown, W. G., Charleston. W. Va.
1908 Brown, W. W., Parsons; Kansaa.
1918 Brown, Walter N., Garrett Park, Md.
1918 Brown. William Alexander, Philadelphia.
Pa.
1922 Brown, William Averell, New York.
N. Y.
1922 Brown, William B., Los Angelea. CaL
1918 Brown, Wm. Pindlay, Philadelphia, Pa.
1918 Brown. William H., Boston. Mass.
1913 Brown. Wm. Wallace, Bradford, Pa.
1914 Brown, Wrlsley, Waahlngton, D. C
1897 Browne. Arthur S., Washington. D. CL
1909 Browne, B. Wayles, Shreveport. La.
1913 Browne. O. Morgan, New York, N. T.
1919 Browne, Jefferson B., Tallahaaaee, FU.
1914 Browne, John R., Indianapolia, Ind.
1922 Browne, Joseph G. M., Brooklyn, N. T.
1922 Browne, Nat B., Los Angeles, CaL
1922 Browne, Rollin, New York, N. Y.
1914 Brownell, George F., New York. M. Y. .
1916 Brownell, Henry B.. New York, N. T.
1921 Brownell, Walter D., Providence, R. L
1914 Browning, La Wright, MaytviUe, Kj.
AI.CBABBXIOAI. LIST OF KBICBSB8.
741
IKl Brownlce, Olvcnot ?., Anidoii» H. D.
1916 Browolej, Edwin H., Biltimore* Md.
ine Brownrigv. Richard T., 8L Louis, Ifo.
1900 Browiwon, Robert M., Detroit, MIcb.
1918 Brownton, Wendell G., Springfield. Min.
1921 BrubAcher. J. A., WichiU, lUn. .
1901 Bruce, Andrew A., CUctgo, 111.
1911 Bruce, Ctiarlee M., Maiden. Utm.
1910 Bruce, Edward B., New York, N. T.
1894 Bruce. Helm, Louisville, Kjr%
1914 Brace, John B., Cincinnati. Ohio.
1922 Bruce, If. Linn, New York, N. Y.
1916 Brucker, Lewis, Manitfleld, Ohio.
1912 Bniell. William F., Redfleld. a D.
1921 Bruen, Alexsnder J., New York, N. Y.
1922 Bniener, Theodore B., Aberdeen, WaA.
1921 Brucre, Henry, New York. .N. Y.
1919 Bruggemeyer, Mancha, Chicago, m.
1914 Brumback, Herman, Kansas City, lio.
1920 Brumby, Robert E., Franklin, La.
1921 Bnunleve, Leo J.. Jr., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1921 Brumley. Edward R., New York, N. Y.
1928 Brun, Samuel Jacques, San Francisoo«
OaL
1909 Bnmdage, Edward J., Springfield, HL
1916 Bnmdidge, O. D.. Dsllas, Texas.
1922 Brune, Ernest L., San Francisco, Oat
1918 Bruner. Glen L.. Kansas City. Mo.
1907 Brunini. John B., Vloksburg. Miss.
1922 Brunk, Gregory, Des Moines, Iowa.
1909 Brunot, H. F., Baton Rouge. La.
1921 Bruns, James Henry, ^ew Orleans, L*.
1921 Bruna, T. M. Logan, New Orleans. La.
1921 Brush, Ralph E., Greenwich, Oonn.
1917 Bruton, John F., Wilton, N. G.
1921 Bryan Alva, Waco, Texaa.
1911 Bryan, Charles M., Memphis, Tenn.
1901 Bryan, George. Richmond, Va.
1914 Bryan, Lewis R., Houston, Tex.
1905 Bryan, Nathsn P., Jacksonville. Fin.
1899 Brysn, P. Taylor, St. Louis, Mo.
1990 Bryan, Robert T., Shanghai, China.
1014 Bryan, Shepanl, Atlanta, Qa.
1917 Bryan, Willism Christy, St. Louis, Mo.
1921 Bryan. Willism Jennings, Jr., Los
Angeles, Oal.
1014 Bryant, C. J., Independence, Ksnsas.
1921 Brtant, Qyrus A., Fort Dodge, Iowa.
1916 Bryant. Hughes, Kansaa City. Mo.
19S1 Bryant, Oliver S., Cincinnati. Ohio.
1914 Bryant, Wilbur F., Hartin^ton, Nebr.
1920 Bryson, E. R., Eugene. Ore.
1922 Bryaon, Frank, Loe Angeles, Oal.
1906 Bryaon, Herbert C, Walla WalU, WaA.
WA Bryaon, J. C, Vicktf>urg, Miu.
1904 Bryaon, Joseph M., St. Lonis. Mo.
1919 Buchanan, John O., Pittaburgh, Pa.
I, Malcolm G., Trenton. N. J.
1920 Budihols. William, Kanaaa City. Mo.
1922 Buchwalter, Morris L., di^dnnatl, Ohio.
1912 Buck. Arthur A., Schenectsdy. N. Y.
1922 Buck, George F., Stockton, OaL
1919 Buck, George Warner, New York, N. Y.
1907 Buck, Gordon M., New York, N. Y.
19ia Buck, Henry, Marion, 8. C.
1921 Buck, Samuel Rea, Fridsj Harbor,
Wash.
1914 Buck, Walter H., Baltimore. Md.
1911 Buckbee, Monmouth S.. White PUiM.
N Y.
1906 Buckingham. George T., Chicago, 111.
1921 Buckland. Samuel Aldrieh, Wichita,
Kan.
1922 Buckley, Qirtstopher W., San Fnnciaco,
GU.
1921 Buckley. John, Hartford. Oonn.
1922 Bndkley, John T., Bingharoton, N. Y.
1921 Buckley, LeUnd H., Edwardsville, 111.
1010 Buckley. M. Francis. Gloucester, Mass.
1021 Buckley, Thomaa M., Chicago, lU.
1021 Buckley, Warren B., Chicago, HI.
1916 Buckmaster, Albert E., Kenoshs, Wis.
1016 Buckmlnster, William R., Boston. Msss.
1010 Buckner. Emory R., New York. N. Y.
1021 Buckner. William A., New Yoilt. N. Y.
1021 Buckwalter, Robert Z., Cincinnati. Ohio.
1021 Budd, Percy A., Kansas City, Mo.
1000 Buder. Gustavua A., St. Louis. Mo.
1000 Buder, Oscar E.. St. Louia, Mo.
1016 Budge, Jcase R. S., Pocatello, Idaho.
1021 Budaon, Alexander, Trenton, N. J.
1012 Buell, Charles J., Rapid City, S. D.
1020 Buflhigton, Collier H., Gold Beach, Ora.
1006 Bufllngton, Edwin D., Stillwater, Minn.
1906 Bufflngton, George W., Minneapolis,
Minn.
1919 Bufilngton, Harold & R., Fkll River.
MasL
1911 Buflum, Walter N.. Boston. Mass.
1918 Buford, Alfemon Sidney, Jr., Richmond,
Va.
1921 Buford, Psnl C, Jr., Roanoke, Va.
1921 Buiat, George L.. Chfirleston, S. C.
1896 Buist, Henry, Charleston, S. C.
1918 Bujsc, Btienne De P., Osrlsbsd, N. M.
1912 Bulkley, Almon W., Chicago, HI.
1911 Bulkley, Harry 0., Detroit, Mich.
1921 Bulkley, Robert J., Cleveland, Ohio.
1921 Bull, Follett W., Chicago. III.
1912 Bull, J. Edgar, New York, N. Y.
1921 Bullard, W. E., Belmond, Iowa.
192; Bullington, L. M., Cookevllls, Tenn.
1918 Bullington, Orville, Wichita Falls, Tn.
1922 BullU, G. P., Vidalia, U.
1906 Bullitt, Joshua Fry, Philadelphia, Pa.
742
AKBBIGAN BAR A860CIATI0K.
1922 BulUtt, Keith L., SeatUe, Wnh.
1900 BulUtt, Wm. Ifanhjai, Louurille, Ky.
1879 Bullock, A. O., Worcester, Man.
1922 BuUock, Georgia P., Loe Angelea, Oal.
1922 Bullock, J. Joseph, Redwood City, Cal.
1922 Bullock, J. T., Ruaellville, Ark.
1920 Bullowa, Emilie IC, New York, N. T.
1922 Bulwinkle, A. L., Oaatooia, N. C.
1912 Bumgardser, J. Lewis, Beckl^y, W. Va.
1918 Bunch, Thaddeus O., CSiicago, IlL
1919 Bundy. Harrey H., Boston, Mass.
1921 Bungard, Maurice Z., New York, N. Y.
1919 Bunker, Clarence Alfred, Boston, Maasu
1917 Bunn, Frederick A., Brooklyn, N. Y.
1918 BunUio, C. M. Clay. Kankakee, III
1914 Bunting, Joseph T.. Philadelphia. Pa.
1913 Burbage, .W. H., Winalow, Aria.
1918 Burbank, Byron G., Omaha. Nebr.
1907 Burch, Charles N., Memphia, Tenn.
1921 Burch, Francis P., Philadelphia, Pena.
1922 Burch, R. A., Topeka, Kans.
1921 Burch, R. B., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1913 Burcham. J. T., Spokane. Wash.
1912 Burchenal, Caleb E., Wilmington, Del.
1922 Burchmore, John S., Chicago, 111.
1911 Burdett, Everett W., Boston, Mass.
1917 Burdick, Chari-« Kellogg, Ithaca, N. Y.
1901 Burdick, Charles W., Cheyenne, Wyo.
1912 Burdick, Clark, Newport, R. I.
1911 Burdick, William Livesey. Uwrenoe,
Kans.
1919 Burdine, R. Freeman, Miami, Fla.
1912 Burford, Albr-* Lee, Texarkana, Texaa.
1918 Burford. J. M., Mt. Pleasant, Tex.
1922 Burfo'rd, John Henry, Oklahoma City,
Okla.
1920 Burger, Edward H., New York, N. Y.
1909 Burger, Louis J., Baltimore, Md.
1901 Burges, William H., El Paso, T^
1920 BuTfess, Edwin Haines, New York, N. Y.
1915 Burgess, J. L., Dallaa, Tex.
1913 Burgess, James H., Bangor, Me.
1921 Burgess, Kenneth F.. Chicago, 111.
1921 Burgess, Lee W., Grand Junction, OoL
1915 Burgess, 8. A., Independence, Mo.
1921 Burgett, J. Ralston, Laosg, llocos Norte,
P. 1.
1915 Burghard. Edward M., New York. N. Y.
1914 Burg^vin, A. P., Pittsburigh. Pa.
1914 Burgwin, George C, Pittsburgh, Pa.
1981 Burgwin, Hill, Pittsburgh, Penn.
1914 Burkan. Nathan. New York, N. Y.
1914 Rurkart. Joseph A., Washington. D. C.
1928 Burke, Andrew F., San Francisco, Oal.
1917 Burke. Daniel, New York. N. Y.
1918 Burke. Edward G.. Deep River. Conn.
1914 Burke, Edward H., Baltimore, Md.
1919 Burke, Florence Wm., Westfleld. Mass.
XVxi
1922
1919
1919
1980
1918
1913
1908
1911
1921
1914
1914
1922
1900
1922
1914
1920
1928
1928
1896
1922
1921
1916
1922
1910
1922
1914
1918
1980
1922
1921
1988
1981
1907
1912
1918
1921
1922
1922
1914
1916
1912
1922
1917
1918
1920
1916
1920
1916
1916
1912
1982
1981
1918
1918
1980
1988
Burks, Francis, Borton, Mass.
Burke, Frank J., Petaluma, OaL
Burke, Qeoi^e J*> Ann Arbor, Mich.
Burke, Haslett P., Denver, Colo.
Burke, J. O., Helena, Ark.
Burke, Martin M., Shenandoah. Pa.
Burke, N. Charles, Towson, Md. >
Burke, Thomas, Seattle, Wash.
Burke, Thomas C, Buffalo, N. Y.
Burke, Thomas F., Qiicago, 111.
Burke, Walter J., New Iberia, La.
Burke. Webster H., Chicago, HI.
Burkes, Leon, New York, N. Y.
Burket. Harlan F.. Findlay, Ohio.
Burkey, L. M., Watford City, N. D.
Burkhart, Edward B., Dayton, Ohio.
Burkbart, Summers, Albuquerque, N. M.
Burks, Charles B., Lynchburg, Vs.
Burks, Leslie E., San Francisco, Oal.
Burleigh, Alvin, Plymouth, N. H.
Burleigh, Oeonge W., New York, N. T.
Burleigh, Henri Jerome, Salmon, Idiu
Burling, F^dward n., Washington, D. C.
Burlingham, Charles, New York, N. Y.
Buriinflrham, Charles C, New York, N. Y.
Burnett, A. G., Sacramento, Cal.
Burnett, Charles A., L*fayette. Ind.
Burnett, Coy, Portland. Oregon.
Burnett, W. F., Dickinson, N. D.
Burnett, W. &, San Franciao, Oal.
Burnett, WilHsm H., Hutchinson. Ran.
Burnett, WillUm H., Philadelphia, Pn.
Bumey, H. Robert, New York, N. T.
Bumham, Addison C, Boston, Mass.
Bumham, Frederic, Chicago, 111.
Bumham, Henry L., Boston. Mass.
Bumquist. J. A. A.. St. Psul. Minn.
Bums, Fitzhugh, St. Psul, Minn.
Bums, Frsncis B., Boston, Mass.
Bums. Jsmes F., Chioaco, DL
Bums, John L., Troy, Mo.
Bums. Tiouis Henry. New Orlesns, La.
Bums, Luther, Top8ka, Kansaa.
Bums. Martin M.. Colorado SprlngiL
Colo.
Bums. Robert, New York. T,*. Y.
Bums. Robert Hamilton. Detroit, Mich.
Bums. Thomas P.. Brookfleld. Md.
Bumside, R. B., Albany, N. Y.
Bumstedt, John B., Webster City. lova.
Burpee, F. C, Janesvllle, Wis.
Burpee, Lucien Frsnds, Hsrtford, Oosm.
Burpee, Walter J., Oakland, Oal.
Burr, Clyde R., Los Angeles, Oal.
Burr, Frank Wright, New York. H. T.
Burr, James S., Seranton, Pa.
Burr, Karl X., Columbua, Ohio.
Burr, Lealie L., San Diego, OU.
ALPHABSTIOAL LIST OF MSICBEBS.
748
1988
1981
1909
1907
1910
1919
1901
1980
1918
1981
1896
1918
1914
1914
1914
1921
1916
1918
1918
1990
1919
1981
1981
1919
1910
1914
1981
1981
1988
1914
1981
1981
1999
1918
1912
1919
1989
1981
191B
1910
1880
lil4
1907
1910
1907
lill
1918
1981
Burr, lUnrioe, Chicago, HL
Burr, llaorice B., Obicsgo, IlL
Burr, Stilet W., St Paul. Minn.
Burr, WiUiam P., New York, N. T.
Burrage, Qeorge D., Boston, Ha«.
Burnt, Cbarlee H., diicaffo. 111.
Burrougha, BenJ. B., Edwardsville, 111.
Burrougha, Qeorge Dent, EdwardsviUe,
111.
Burrows, Qeorge Humphrey, Cleveland,
Ohio.
Burry, Qeorge, San Diego, Cal.
Burry, WUiiam, Chicago, 111.
Burton, Charlea S., Chicago, 111
Burton, Clarence F., Boston, ICaas.
Burton, Qeorge W., Peoria, irinois.
Burton, H. Ralph, Washington, D. C.
Burton, Louis R., New Haven, Conn.
Burton, Newark L., Qardenia, Gal.
Burton, Robert, Poughkeepsie, N. Y.
Busby, Leonard A., Chicago, 111.
Busby, Richard, Memphis, Tenn.
Busch, Frauds X., Chicago, 111.
Busch, H. C, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Bush, Arthur O., Davenport, Iowa.
Bush, Charles E., Tulsa, Okla.
Bush, Charles M., Kansss City, Mo.
Bush, F. C, Osage, Iowa.
Buah, Frank Q., Chicago, lU.
Bush, Qeorge B., Sacramento, Cal.
Bush, Qeorge W., Los Angeles, Cal.
Bush, Myron P., Buffalo, N. Y.
Bush, Samuel T., San Francisco, Cal.
Bushby, James C, New York, N. Y.
Bushell, William Q., Brooklyn, N. T.
Bushman, Sam, Gallup, N. M.
Bushnell, Edward. Cleveland, Ohio.
Bushonville, Leslie F., Chicago, III.
Buss, Charles M., Cleveland, Ohio.
Butsey, H. L., West Palm Beach, Fla.
Buasey, James R., St. Petersburg, Fla.
Bussian, John A., Chicago, 111.
Busteed, Richard, Las Vegas, Nev.
Butcher, David F., New York, N. Y.
Butkiewics, Thomas, Jr., Wilkes- Barre,
Pa.
Butler, Charles C, Denver, Colo.
Butler, Charles Henry (New York City),
Washington, D. C.
Butler, Charles T., New York, N. T.
Butler, Frank W., Farmington, Me.
Butler, Fred. E., Lewiston, Idaho.
Butler, Fred. M., Rutland, Vt.
Butler, Harry U, Madison Wis.
Butler, J. W. S., Sacramento, Cal.
Butler, James M., Columbus, Ohio.
Butler, John M., Jacksonville, 111.
Butler, Msynard B.-, Pasadena, CaL
■UBOTBP
1889 Butler, Noble C, Indianapolis, Ind.
1900 Butler, Pierce, St. Paul, Minn.
1981 Butler, Robert P., Hartford, Conn.
1900 Butler, Rush C, Chicago, HI.
1918 Butler, T. John, Washington, D. C.
1918 Butler, Ulysses. Washington, D. C.
1888 Butler, WilUam Allen, New York. N. T.
1914 Butler, William E., New York. N. Y.
1913 Butler, WillUm M., Boston, Mass.
1928 Butler, William S., Brooklyn, N. Y.
1928 Butt, Clarence, Newburg, Ore.
1917 Butterworth, Qeorge F., New York, N. Y.
1981 Buttles, John S., Brandon, Vt
1914 Button, Charles I., Middlebury, Vt.
1896 Button, William H., New York, N. Y.
1921 But trick, Allan Q., Boston, Mass.
1921 Butts, Eustace C, Brunswick, Qa.
1914 Butz. Reuben J., Allentown, Pa.
1922 Buxton, Alfred Q^A., Atlantic. Iowa.
1012 Buzbee, Thomas *, Little Rock. Ark.
1981 Buzaell, Harry A., Springfield, Mass.
1920 Buzzell, Samuel Jesse, New York, N. Y.
1911 Byard, James J., Jr., Cooperstown. N. Y.
1908 Byers, Alpheus, Seattle, Waah.
1016 ^Byers, H. W., Des Moines. Iowa.
1911 Byers, I. W., Iron River, Mich.
1012 Byers, Ovid A., Seattle. Wash.
1982 Byers, William A., Council Bluffa, Iowa.
1016 Bygrave, li. R., Boston. Maaa.
1021 Byington, Lewis F., San Francisco, Cal.
1016 By lea, Axtell J., New York. N. Y.
1907 Bynum, William P., Greensboro, N. C.
1018 Byrd, Richard Evelyn, Richmond, Va.
1013 Byrd, William, New York. N. Y.
1921 Byrne, Andrew, New York, N. Y.
1921 Byrne, Charles E., Chicago, 111.
1921 Byrne, Charlea V., Syracuse, N. Y.
lOM Byrne, Edward J., Brooklyn, N. Y.
1896 Byrne, Jamea, New York, N. Y.
1»13 Byrne, M. J^Waterbury, Conn.
1922 Byrnes, Clar«ice W., San Francisco, Cal.
1918 Byrnes, William M., Cleveland, Ohio.
1006 CabanisB, E. H., Birmingham. Ala.
1022 Cabaniss, Qeorge H., San Francisco, Cal.
1913 Cabell. George C, Norfolk, Va.
1021 Cabell, Hartwell, New York, N. Y.
1019 Cabell, Royal B.. Richmond. Va.
1922 Cabell, William E., Middlesborough. Ky.
1011 Cable. Davis J.. Lima, Ohio.
1011 Cabot, Frederick P., Boston, Man.
1928 Cadigan, John A., Superior, Wis.
1003 Cadwalader, John, Philadelphia, Pa.
1012 Cadwalader. John. Jr., Philadelphia, Pa
1014 Cadwalader, Thomas F.. Baltimore. Md.
1922 Cadwallader, Roy L., Seattle, Wash.
1921 Cadwell, Karl H., Cincinnati. Ohio.
1911 Cady. Daniel L., Burlington, Vt.
1015 Cady, Samuel H.. Milwaukee. Wis.
744
▲KXRICAN BAR A6800IATI0K.
19S1 Gadj, Wm. B., Detroit, Mich.
1918 CafferaU. Htny J., Roboken, N. J.
1014 Ciffej, Francis Gordon, New York, N. T.
1921 Othlll. Maurice P., Oedar Rapida, Iowa.
1908 Cahn, Edgar M., New Orleans, La.
1911 Cahoone. Richards Mott, Brooklyn, N. T.
1921 Oaillouet, A. J., Honma, La.
1921 Oaillouet, L. E., Thibodaux, La.
1921 Oaillouet, L. P., Thibodauz, La.
1918 Cain, Orville E., Keene, N. H.
1906 Cain, Stith M., Nashville, Tenn.
1916 Caine, Edwin B , Elko, Nevada.
1920 Cake,. W. M., Portland, Ore.
1913 Calderwood, John E., Punxsuuwney, Pft.
1912 Caldwell, Chester L., St. Paul, Minn.
1919 Caldwell, Clarence C, Sioux Palls, S. D.
1913 Caldwell, Fred 8., MonU Vista, Colo.
1918 Caldwell, Jaa. Rope, New York, N. T.
1921 Caldwell, John^., andnnati, Ohio.
1921 Caldwell, Louis O., Chicago, 111.
1921 Caldwell, Ralph R., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1920 Caldwell, Robert B., Kansas City, Ho.
1922 Caldwell, Stafford, Jacksonville, Fla.
1920 Cale. Philip H., Detroit, Mich.
1921 Calenda, Vincent D., New York, 'n. 7.
1912 Cat fee, Robert M.,. aeveland. Ohio.
1922 Oalfee, T. N., Richmbnd, Cal.
1904 Calhoun, C. C. Washington, 0. C.
1916 Calhoun, Charles A., Birmingham, Ala.
1921 Calhoun, J. C, Keosauqua, Iowa.
1915 Calhoun, John W., St. Louis. Mo.
1921 Calhoun, Philo C, Bridgeport, Conn.
1913 Calhoun, Samuel A., Oklahoma City.
Okla.
1921 Oalkins, Arthur B., New London, Cbnn.
1921 Oalkina, Frank W., Wiaconsin Rapids,
Wis.
1922 Calkins, Jno., Jr., Oakland, CMd.
1913 Calkins, Oscar, Brockton, Mass.
1916 Call, Justin D., Brlyham, UUh.
1919 Callaghan, Charles E., Rochester. MIna.
1918 Callahan, Daniel P., Worcester, Maas.
1921 Oillahan, Donald A., Wallace, Idaho.
1921 Oillahan, Frank, New York. N. Y.
1921 Callahan, Fred, Memphis, Tenn.
1918 Callahan, Jamea A.. Winnemucca, Nev.
1906 Callahan, James P. H., Hoquiam, Wash
1917 Callahan, Patrick E., Brooklyn, N. Y.
1918 Callahan, S. James, New Castle, Pa.
1918 Callahan, W. W., Decatur, Ala.
1910 Callaway, Lew L., Great Falls. Mont.
1921 Oillender, James P., New York, N. Y.
1920 Callender, Sherman D., Detroit, Mich.
1922 Oalliflter, Edward R., Salt Lake City,
Utah.
1900 Calvert, Cleon K., Pineville, Ky.
1914 Calvert, George H., Pittsburgh. Pa.
1981 Oalvert, Thomas R., Raleigh, N. O.
1916 Camack, Edwin, Kansas CftTi Ko-
1912 Camden, H. P., Parkersborg, W. Va.
1917 Cameron, Alexander, New York, N. T.
1918 Cameron, Don M., Little Falls, Miini.
1918 Cameron. John M., Chicago, HI.
1920 Cameron, Osalan, Chicago, I1L
1921 Cameron, Richard L., Marysville, Ohio.
1921 Camp, E. A., Rockdale, Texaa.
1912 Camp, Edgar W., Los Angeles, GkL
1919 Camp, R. Earl. Dublin, Oa.
1918 Campbell, A. C. Wilkea-Barre, Pa.
1921 Campbell, A. W., Aberdeen, S. D.
19U Osmpbell, Altes H., Loa Angeles, Oal.
1911 Campbell, Ai«ua O., De Funiak Springs,
Fla.
1917 Campbell, Anthony C, Cheyenne, Wyo.
1921 Oampbell, Benjamin A., Chicago, IR.
1921 Campbell, Bruce A., East St Louis, lU.
1806 Campbell, Charlea H., Detroit, Mich.
1914 Campbell, Charles N., MartinslMiiv.
W. Va.
1918 Campbell, Donald, New York. N. Y.
1921 Campbell, Donald Yorke, San Fnnciaeo.
OaL
1914 Campbell, Edward K., Washington. D. C.
1913 Campbell. Francis A.. Boston. Msss.
1922 Campbell, FVands A, Brooklyn, N. T.
1907 Campbell, Frederick B., New York. N. Y.
1914 Campbell. George J., Pittsburgh, Pa.
1919 Campbell, Harry, Tulaa, Okla.
1806 Campbell. Henxy M., Detroit. Mick.
1916 Campbell, Herbert J., Chicago, HL
1906 Campbell. In A., New York, N. Y.
1920 Campbell, J. B., Muskogee, Okla.
1906 Campbell, J. J., Pittaburg, Kansi
1918 Campbell, J. Graham, WIchitt, Sana.
1917 Campbell, Jamea D., Wyncote, Pa.
1912 Campbell, /amci H., Grand RapidiL
Mich.
1907 Campbell, John, Denver, Colo.
1918 Campbell, John A. L., New York, N. T.
1912 Campbell, John H., Tucson, Aria.
1921 Campbell. John V., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1921 CUmpbell, Judson D.. New York, N. Y.
1922 Campbell, Semper, Loa Angelea, CaL
1889 Campbell, Lemuel R., Nashville, Tenn.
1918 Campbell, Louis O., Winnemucca. Nev.
1916 Campbell, Luther A., Hackenaack. M. J.
1920 Campbell. Paul, Chattanoogt, Tenn.
1918 Campbell, R. M.. Chicago, HI.
1921 Campbell. Ralph W., Salem. Ohio.
1922 Campbell, Raymond N., Yuma, Aria.
1907 Campbell, Robert B.. Greenville. Mlaa.
1916 Campbell, Robert W., Chicago. HI.
1921 Campbell, Stuart B., Wytheville, Va.
1917 Campbell. William Shermaii, St Lonla.
Ma
1921 Gampell, Clyde William, PitMioigii, Pn.
ALPHABETIGAI. LIST OF MEMBERS.
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1921
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1919
1910
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1921
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1918
Ctmpell. John O., Chicago, IlL
Cftmpen, Marvin, NaahTille. Tenn.
Otnadt, J. W., Memphis, Tenn.
Canaday, Walter » Des Moinea, lowm.
Canale, Phil. M., Memphia, Tenn.
Oancelliere, Peter M., Pittaburfh, Pemi.
Candler, Aaa W., Atlanta* Ga.
Candler, John 8., Atlanta, Oa.
Oanfleld, Oharlea Stuart, Bridgeport,
Oonn.
Oanfleld, George E., Ole Elum, Wash.
Canfleld. Geurge P., New York. N. 7.
Canfleld, Inrin 8., Alpena, Mich.
Oanfleld, Robert B., Santa Barbara, Oftl.
Canfleld, Wrenn N., Des Moines, Iowa.
Cann, J. Ferris, Savannah, Ga.
Oann, John Pearce, Wilmington, DeL
Canning, John E., Providence, R. L
Canning, Joseph P., Providence, R. L
Cannon, Austin V., Cleveland, Ohio.
Cannon, E. J., Spokane, Wash.
Osnnon, John M., Spokane, Wash.
Cannon, Thomas D., St. Louis', Mo.
Cannon, Thomaa R., Chicago. HI.
Cannon, William M., San Francisco, Cfel.
Oanon, Edward Carey. Waco, Texaa.
Osnt, Harold O., Minneapolis, Minn.
Cant, William A., Duluth. Minn.
Cantline, Peter, Newburgh, N. T. .
Cantrell, Deaderick H., Little Rock, Ark.
Cantrell, Francis S., Jr.. Philadelphia,
Pa.
Cantrell, John H., Chattanooga. Tenn.
Oantwell, Charles A., Reno, Nev.
Canty. F. J., Chicago, 111.
Capelle, Louia H., Cincinnati, Ohio.
Capen, Charles L., Bloomington, HI.
Caplan, Ephrim, St Louis, Mo.
Oaplan, Jacob, New Haven, Oonn.
Oaplan, Samuel, Albany. N. Y.
Capo, Francisco Parra, Ponce, P. R
Capper, Walter C. Cumberland. Md.
Oapron, 0. Alexander, New York, N. Y.
Oapron, Clarence A., Kansas City, Mo.
Oapshaw, Goran P., New York, N. Y.
Capshaw, E. W., Oookevtiie, Tenn.
Oapshaw, Hulon, New York, N. Y.
Caraballo, Martin, Tampa. Fla.
Oaranicholaa, George. New York, N. T.
Caraway, T. H.. Washington, D. 0.
Carbys, J. 0., Milwaiikre, Wia.
Carchia, John V., Watertown. Masa.
Carden, Frank S.. Chattanooga, Tenn.
Garden, W. Morton, New York, N. Y.
Carden. William T., Honolulu, Hawaii.
Cardoso. Benjamin N., New York. N. Y.
Cardoso, Michael H., Jr., New York,
H. T.
1922 Oardoao, Sidney B.. New York, N. Y.
1921 Oarell. William F.. New York. N. T.
1919 Carey, Archibald, Detroit. Mich.
1892 Carey, Charles H., Portland, Ore.
1920 Carey, Francia J.. Baltimore. Md.
1912 Carey, Joseph G.. Wichita, Kans.
1922 Oarey, M. J., Newton. Iowa.
1922 Oarey, Philip M.. Oakland, OO,
1918 Carey. Robert, Jeraey City, N. J.
1914 Carey, William H., Jersey City, N. J.
1920 Cargill, O. A., Oklahoma City. OkU.
1920 Carl. David, Richmond, Mich.
1918 Garland, John E., Washington, D. O.
1911 Carleton, Philip Greenleaf, Boston. Maai.
1922 Oarleton, W. Dudleley, Ringwood Manor,
N. J.
1921 Oarlin. 0. 0., Alexandria, Ya.
1921 Oarlin. Frank A., New York. N. Y.
1921 Oarlin, Nellie. Chicago. HI.
1922 OU'lin, W. H., Maiyiville, CaL
1912 Carlin, Walter J., New York, N. Y.
1918 Cttrliale, Howard B., Spartanburg, 8. GL
1916 Carlisle, John F., Cohimbus, Ohio.
1911 Oarlisle, John N., Wstertown, N. T.
1921 Oarlock, L. H., La Folette, Tenn.
1911 Carlsmith. Carl S., Hilo. Hawaii.
1922 Carlson, Arthur J., Modesto, OaL
1918 Carlson, Frank, New York. K. Y.
1982 Carlson, Thomas M., Richmond, Cal.
1921 Carlstrom, Oscar E.^ Aledo, lU.
1919 Csriton, Doyle E., Tampa, Fla.
1918 Carlton, Otia J., Haverhill, Mass.
1922 Carlton, R. S., Spirit Lake, lowm.
1918 Carmalt, James W., Washington. D. 0.
1918 Carman, Ernest C, Minneapolis, Minn.
1918 Carman, Robert R., Baltimore. Md.
1917 Carmichael, A. H.. Tuacumbia. Ala.
1911 Carmichael, J. D., Chlckasha, Okla.
1911 Carmichael, J. H., Uttle Rock, Ark.
1921 Garmichael, J. 8., Franklin, Penn.
1919 Carmichael, M. D., Weat Pftlm Beach.
Fla.
1914 Carmichiel, Daniel P., Minneapolis,
Minn.
1918 Carmody, Terrence P., Waterbury, Oonn.
1910 Garmouche. W. J., Crowley, La.
1921 Camahan, Charles O., Chicago, 111.
1921 Oamahan, H. L., Los Angeles, Oal.
1917 Camahan, John M., Springfield, Mo.
1919 Carney, A. B., Norfolk, Va.
1920 Carney, Charles F., Detroit, Mich.
1019 Carney, Claude S., Kalamazoo. Mich.
1914 Carney, Francia J., Boston. Mssa.
1921 Oamey, Herbert L., Charleston, W. Va.
1919 Carney, John D., Beaton, Mass.
1920 Carney, John Ralph, Vernon. Ind.
1909 Oama. William L., New York, N. Y.
1917 Carow, J. W., L«]yimlth,.Wia.
746
AMB&ICAN BAB A6800IATI0N.
1019 Carpenter, Arthur P., Brattleboro, Vt.
1918 Oupenter, day, Palo Alto, Oal.
1013 Carpenter, Edward N., Boston. MaM.
1920 Carpenter, Eugene, Grand Rapids, Mich.
1920 Carpenter, Ferry R., Hay den, Colo.
1921 Carpenter, Fred E., Rockford, III.
1906 Carpenter, George A., Chicago, 111.
1914 Carpenter, Harry Lee, Greenville, Tex.
1922 Carpenter, Ingle, Loa Angelea, Cal.
1013 Carpenter, J. McF., Pittabiirgh. Pa.
1022 Carpenter, John O., Oastonia, N. O.
1015 Carpenter, Paul, Chicago, 111.
1001 Carpenter, Samuel L.. Loa Angelea. Cal.
1022 Carpenter, W. Clayton, Waahington,
D. 0.
'9«0 Carpenter, William L., Detroit, Mich.
1003 Carr, E. M.. Manoh««ter. Towa.
1022 Carr, Francis, Redding, Cal.
1016 Carr, Frank. Fulton, Ky.
1912 Carr, Geo. Wentworth, Philadelphia, Pa.
1913 (.arr, Harvey F., Camden, N. J.
1921 Carr, Hubert, Manchester, Iowa.
1916 Carr, J. O., Wilmington. N. C.
1904 Carr, James A., St. Louis, Mo.
1916 Carr, Jamea O., Pittsubrgh, Pa.
1920 Carr, John C. Cameron. Mo,
1919 Carr, John E., West Frankfort, HI.
1922 Carr, Joseph H., Camden, N. J.
1917 Carr. Lewis E., Albany, N. Y.
1922 Carr, Ralph L., Antonito, Col.
1921 Carr, Sterling, San Francisco, Cal.
1913 Carr, W. Russell. Uniontown, Pa.
1922 Carr, William H., Lees Summit, Mo.
1022 Carr, Wm. J., Los Angeles, Cal.
1018 Carraher, J. Joseph. Boston. Mass.
1022 Carrigan, A. H., Wichita Falls, Texas.
1913 Carrigan, Chaa. E.. Moundsville. W. Va
1920 Csrrigan, Don R., Port Huron, Mich.
1920 Carrigan. Emmett J., Milwaukee. Wis
1922 Carrigan, John W., Los Angeles, Cal.
1913 Carringer, M. A.. TionesU, Pa.
1916 Carrington, Campbell, New York, N. Y
1921 Carrington, George D., New York, N. Y.
1919 Carrington, Richard W., Richmond. Va.
1018 Carroll, A. E.. Davenport, Iowa.
1014 Carroll, A. J., Louisville. Ky.
1909 Carroll, Charles, New Orleans, La.
1911 Carroll, Francis M., Boston. Masa.
1921 Carroll, Frank J., Chicago, 111.
1914 Carroll, Fred. Linus, Johnstown, N. Y.
1912 Carroll, James B., Sprin^^fleld, Maai.
1914 Carroll, James E., St. I^uls, Mo.
1916 Csrroll, James E.. B-^ton. Mass.
1906 Carroll, Joseph W.. New Orleans, La.
1913 Carroll, Phillip A„ New York. N. Y.
1014 Carroll, W. S., Erie, Pa.
1017 Carroll, William H., Burlington, N. C.
1021 OuToU, , William H., Clinton, Iowa.
1022 Carroll, William J., SpringBeld. HI.
1910 Carroll, Y. D., Beaumont, Texas.
1007 Carrow, Howard, Camden, N. J.
1022 Caraon, Adam 0., New York, N. Y.
1800 Carson, Hampton L., Philadelphia, Pa.
1014 Caraon, Joseph, Philadelphia, Pa.
1919 Cars<»i, Wm. Sherman, Chicago. Ul.
1016 Carter, Albert P., Beaton. Maaa.
1017 Carter, Charles B., Lewiston, Maine.
1013 Carter, Charles H., Pendleton, Oregon.
1013 Carter, Edward E., Wellaburg, W. Vm.
1020 Carter. Emmet T., St. Louis, Mo.
1021 Carter, G. Lewia, Detroit, Mich.
1004 Carter, H. C, San Antonio, Tex.
1021 Carter, Henry E., Loa Angeles, Cal.
1000 Carter, Henry J., New Orleans, La.
1017 Carter. Howard M., Chicago, IlL
1021 Carter, Howell, Jr., New Orleans, La.
1913 Carter, Hugh E.. Bolivar, Tenn.
1922 Carter, J. F., Bamberg, 8. 0.
1911 Carter, Jacob M., Texarkana, Ark.
1921 Carter, John R., Sioux City, Iowa.
1921 Carter, John W. Jr., Danville, Va.
1913 Carter, L. O., Kansas City, Ksna.
1921 Carter, Luther, Hugo, Okla.
1920 Carter, Mabelle Alice. Denver, Colo.
1906 Carter, Orrin N., Chicago, III.
1913 Carter, Pasco B., Boiae, Idaho.
1921 Garter, Powhatan, Lovington, N. Mex
1921 Carter, Roy, Waverly, Tenn.
1922 Carter, Royle A., San Francisco, Cal.
1908 Oirter, W. F., St. Louia, Ma
1910 Carter, William A,, Tampa. Fla.
1914 Carton, Alfred T., Chicago, 111.
1909 Carton, John J., Flint, Mich.
1914 Carusi, Charles F., Washington, D. C.
1920 Caruthers, J Henry, Jefferson City.
Mo.
1913 Caruthers, John, Okmulgee, Okla.
1922 Carvell, Mae, Los Angeles, Csl.
1891 Carver, Eugene P., Boston, Maaa.
1917 Carver, F. O., Roxboro, N. a
1915 Carver, Harry S., Bel Air, Maryland.
1909 Carver, M. H.. Natchitoches, La.
1922 Oarville, E. P., Elko, Nev.
1922 Gary, George E., Gloucester, Vs.
1912 Cary, Guy, New York, N. Y.
1922 Cary, Hunsdon, Richmond, Va.
1920 Cary, Paul V., Appleton. Wia.
1906 Cary, Robert J., New York. N. Y.
1922 Cary, W. P., San Diego, Oal.
1921 Carynski, Stephen R., Chicago, 111.
1913 Caae, Benjamin W., WakefiMd, R. I.
1912 Case, Chas. Center, Jr., Chicago. HL
1916 Case, Clarence T., St. Louis. Mo.
1921 Case, George B., New York, N. Y.
1022 Case, Munson T., Los Angeles, Qal.
1014 Case, Wifliam W., Chicago, III.
ALPHABBTIOAL LIST OF MBKBBB8.
747
1918 Oiaebeer, Arthur i., San Diego, Ctl.
1922 Oucy, S. L., WaUa Wftllt, Wuh.
1922 Caaey, Hinm E., Sftstt Rosa, OU.
1920 ClMcy, Jamea S.. Biibee, Ariz.
1918 Oaaey, John H., Boston, IfaaiL
1918 Caaey, Samuel M.. Batesvllle, Ark.
1918 Caaey, Thomas, Pitchburg, Mass.
1918 Casey, Tobias D., Dickinson, N. D.
1921 Ou«y, Walter T., Loa Angclea, Oal.
1921 Gash, J. R., Bonesteel, S. D.
1918 Cashel, John A., Worthington, If Inn.
1910 Cashin, Charles H., Stevens Point, Wis.
1910 Caahman, John, St. Louis, Mo.
1922 Oaahman, W. E., Sao Frandsoo, OaL
1914 Cashman, William T., Cleveland, Ohio.
1921 Oaas, Alvin O., New York, N. Y.
1914 Caaaatt, Alfred C, Cincinnati, Ohio.
1914 Caasell, R. B., Harrlman, Tenn.
1920 CuBelman, Mark F., Camden. N. J.
1912 Caasels, Edwin H., Chicago, 111.
1920 Casaidy, Daniel P., Detroit. Mich.
1921 Oassidy, John H., Waterbury, Oonn.
1928 Ga«in, Charles It, San Joee, Cal.
1910 Castberg, Biame. Los Angeles, Cal.
1922 Castelbun, F. J., Ban Francisco, Cal.
1911 Castle, Alfred L., Honolulu. Hawaii.
1921 Castle, Heibert U., Elko, Nev.
1919 Castle, Howard P., Chicago. 111.
1918 Castle, Kendall B.. Rochester. N. Y.
1928 Oastle, N. H., Juneau. Alaska.
1904 Castle, William R., Honolulu, Hawaii.
1921 Oastlen, Harry Wightman, St. Louie. Mo.
1918 Caston, R. T., Cheraw, 8. C.
1921 Castrucdo, Coastantine M., Los Angeles,
Oal.
1917 Cate, Horace Nelson, Knoxville, Tenn.
1908 Gates, Charles T., Jr., Knorrille, Tenn.
1910 Catharine, Joseph W., Philadelphia. Pa.
1910 Oathcart, Arthur Martin, SUnford Uni-
versity, Cal.
1900 Catherwood, S. D., Aoatin, Minn.
1918 Catinella, Frank P.. New York. N. Y.
1922 Oatlin, Fred M., St. Paul, Minn.
1919 Cato, Baxter, Nashville, Tenn.
1919 Cato, Henry S., Charleaton, W. Va.
1922 OatoD, Hany B., Waahington, D. C.
1900 Caton, Jamea R., Alexandria, Vs.
IflSl Oaton, Janoea Randall, Jr., Alexandria,
Va.
1919 Cattel, Archibald, Chicago, HI.
1917 Csudle, Theron L., Wadesboro, N. C.
1922 Oaulfleld, C. Harold, San Francisco. Cal.
1914 Caulfleld. Henry 8.. St. Louia, Mo.
1921 Oansey, William W., Baltimore, Md.
1911 Cavanagh, B. J., Dea Moines. Iowa.
1914 Cavanai^, Jamea F.. Boston, Masa.
1922 Oavanagh. Richard Bryan, New York,
N. y.
hjktsd
1920 Cavanaugh, Jamea H., Mt. Yemoii, N. T.
1914 Cavanaugh, Martin J., Ann Arbor, MidL
1822 Oavanaugfa, William P., New York,
N. T.
1913 Cavaney, Peter E., Boiae, Idaho.
1914 Cave, Rhodea E., St Louia, Mo.
1910 Cave, Willard P., Moberly, Mo.
1921 Cawley, Verne O., Elkhart, Ind.
1920 Cayce, J. Paul, Farmington, Mo.
1921 Oella, Paul J., Tucaon, Aria.
1921 Oerf, Marcel E., San Frandaco, OaL
1918 Chace, Elmer 8., Providence, R. L
1921 Chadboume, Franklin W., Fond du Lac,
Wia.
' 1922 Chadboume, H. F., San Francisco, Cal.
1917 Chadboume, W. A., New York, N. Y.
1911 Chadboume, William M., New York.
N. Y.
1922 Chadwick, B. J., Seattle, Waah.
1922 Chadwick, Stephen Fowler, Seattle,
Waah.
1922 Chadwick, William Clinton, Detroit,
Mich.
1909 Chaffe, D. B. H., New Orleans. La.
1915 Chaffe, Henry H., New Orleana. La.
1921 Chaffee, Stephen E., Sunnyaide, Wash.
1922 Chalaire, Walter, New York, N. Y.
1914 Chalfant, John W., Pittaburgh, Pa.
1918 Chalkley, Lyman. Lexington. Ky.
1922 Chalmers, Franklin S., Atlanta. Oa.
1921 Chalmers, Louis H., Phoenix, Arix.
1911 Chamberlain, Albert 3enry, Lawrence,
Mass.
1919 Chamberlain. George E., Washington,
D. C.
1914 Chsmberlain, John A., Cleveland, Ohio.
1913 Chamberlain, Joseph P., New York.
N. Y.
1922 Chamberlain, R. H., Jr., Oakland, Cal.
1921 CLamberlain, Richard C, Trenton. N. J.
1921 Chamberlain, William, Cedar Rapida,
Iowa.
1909 Chamberlin, Frederic R., Bayonne, N. J.
1922 Chamberlin. H. A.. Loa Angelea, Oal.
1922 Chamberlin, Herbert, San Franciaco,
Cal.
1918 Chamberlin, Horace, Little Rock. Ark.
1914 Chamberlin, Justin Morrill, Washington.
D. C.
1918 Chamberlin. Lafayette R., Boston. Mb«s
1914 Chambers. Arthur W., New Hsven, Conn.
1918 Chambers. C. M.. Ssn Antonio. Tex.
1895 Chambers. Francis T., Philsdelphla. Pa.
1920 Chambers, Harry B.. New York. N. Y.
1921 Chambers, Oliver J., Dayton. Ohio.
1922 Chambera, William, Los Angeles. Cal.
1910 Chambliss. Alex. W.. Chartanooga. Tpnn
1914 Ch^mbliFS, John A., Chattanoof^, Tem^.
748
AKERICAK BAB A68O0IATI0N.
1919 Champe, Tonon O., Montgomery, W. Va.
1910 Cbtmploa, Lee, Denver, Colo.
19S1 Champion, Tbomu W., Ardnore, OkU.
1806 Chancellor, Justus. Chicago, 111.
192S Obandler, A. E., San Frandaco, OaL
1911 Chandler, Albert lllnot, Boston, llaas.
1880 Chandler, Alfred D., Boston, Mass.
192S Ohandler, Chaa. L., Los Angeles, OaL
1918 Chandler, Charles S., Ely. Ner.
1921 Chandler, Henry P., Chicago, IlL
1918 Chandler, Jeff P., Los. Angeles, CaL
1906 Chandler, Joseph H.. Los Angeles. CaL
1982 Chandler, M. 8., SL Paal, Minn.
1981 Chandler, Norman Wilmer, New York,
N. T.
1919 Chandler, Walter C, Memphla, Tenn.
1921 Ohaney, Ceylon 0., Canton, N. T.
1990 Chaney, James M., St. Louis, Mo.
1910 Chaney, John C, Sullivan, Ind.
1919 CSiannell. S. F., Weltsboro, Pa.
1911 Channfng. Henry Morse. Boston, Maas.
1922 Chapin, E. Barton, Boston, Mast.
1921 Chapin, E. L., Springfield, 111.
1914 Chapin. Frederick E., Washington. D. C.
1922 Chaphi, L. H. Paul, New York, N. T.
1914 Chaplin, Carroll a, Portland, Me.
1921 Chaplin, Trescott F., St. Lonia, Mo.
1915 Chapman, C. B.. Ottawa. Illinois.
1922 Chapman, Charles McOormack, New
York, N. Y.
1922 Chapman, Edgar C, San Franciaoo, CaL
1915 Ch^pmsn, Francis. Philad<»lphta. Pa.
1922 Chapman, George D., Syracuse, N. Y.
1918 Chapman, James W.. Jr., Baltimore. Md.
1910 Chapman. Lewis A.. Chillicothe, Mo.
1921 Chapman. M. C. Oakland. Csl.
1910 Chapman. Philip F., Portland. Me.
1908 Chapman. S. Spencer, PhilBd<*1phia, Pa.
1914 Chapman, Theodore S.. Chicago, HI.
1921 Cbapman, Virgil, Lexington, Ky.
1921 Chapman. Ward, Los Angeles, CsL
1920 Chapman. Wilton D.. St. Louis. Mo.
1921 Chappell, Elwood B., Lincoln, Neb.
1909 Chappell, Fred L., Kalamazoo. Mich.
1922 Chappie, Henry A., Billings, Mont.
1914 Chappuis, Philip J., Crowley, La.
1918 Charak, William, Boston, Mass.
1921 Charles, Albert N., Chicago. IlL
1809 Charles. Benjamin H.. St. Louia. Mo.
1914 Charles, Elmer E., Warsaw^ N. Y.
1916 Charles, Oarfi(»ld. Chicago, III.
1922 Charts, Alfred Jean. Carson City, Nev.
1922 Chase, C. W., Los Angeles, CaL
1919 Chase, Frederic II.. Boston, Xiass.
1891 Chase. George. New York, N. Y.
1918 Chase, Herbert M., Boston. Mass.
191fr Chase. John B.. Oconto, Wiv>nnsin.
1982 Chase, Lucius K.. Los Angeles, OaL
BLBCTSn
1906 Chase, Nathan H., Minneapolis. MIbb.
1922 Chase, Paul W., Hillsdale, Mich.
1916 Chaae, W. A., Tulaa, Okla.
1909 Chase, Warren D., Clementsport, Novm
SootU.
1920 Chaanoff, Jacob, St Louia, Md.
1914 Chastain, Edward 8., AtlanU. Qa.
1918 Chatfleld, Thomaa L, Brooklyn, N. T«
1920 Chawke, Thomas F., Detroit, Mich.
1918 Cheadle, J. B., Norman. Okla.
1920 Cheetham, Francis T., Taos, N. M.
1006 Cheever, D. B., Chicago, IlL
1921 Chenault, G. O., Alhaoy, Ala.
1922 Cheney, Everett W., Bcno, Nev.
1921 Chen«y, Henxy D., Chicago, DL
mi Cheney, Jerome L., Syracuae, N. T.
1914 Cheney, Luke H., Stockville, Nehr.
1922 Chenoweth, Orr M., Redding, CaL
1021 Ohemosky. C. H.. Rosenberg, Texasi
1922 Cherry, James W., Mt. Pleasant, Utah.
1922 Cherry, R. O., Oastonia, N. C.
1909 Cherry, U. 8. G., Sioux Falla, 8. D.
1916 Cherry. Wilbur ^., Minnes polls, Mina.
1918 Cherry, William J., Rock HiU. a a
1911 Chesnut. W. Calvin, Baltimore, Md.
1921 Chevalier. Stuart, New York. N. T.
1922 Ches, Joseph, Ogden, Utah.
1918 Chraem, Andrew L.. Davenport, Iowa.
1922 Chichester, 0. M., Richmond. Ta.
1921 Chickering, Allen L., San Francisco, CaL
1921 Chidfley. T. McReen, Raston. Penn.
1922 Child. Ernest M., KalispeU, Mont.
1913 Child. Francis, Newark. N. J.
1921 Child, Henry Lyman, Springfield. IlL
1906 Child, a R., Minneapolis, Minn.
1919 Child, Samuel M., Boston, Mass.
1921 Childress, Arthur B., Faribault, Mfnn.
19^6 Childs. Clarence H., Minn^apolia, Minn.
1922 Childs, E., San Fnjutiaoo, Oal.
1907 Childs, Edwards H.. New York, N. Y.
1912 Childs. Frank Hall, Chicago, HI.
1921 Childs, Lester C. Chicago, HL
1920 niilds. Rsndnlph W.. PhilsdMphfa. Pa.
1922 Chillingworth, a K., West Palm BeadI
Fla.
1914 Chiltnn, George, Beaumont, Texaa.
1916 Chilton, J. William, Spri- -field. Mo.
1911 Chilton, Wm. Edwin. Charleston, W. Va.
1921 Chilvers. Willism, New York, N. Y.
1921 Chindshl, George L.. Chicago, III.
1021 Chindblom, Carl R., Waahington, D. O.
1918 Chinn, William J., Colorado Springs.
Colo.
1922 Chinnock. James T., Oranta Paaa, Ora.
1914 Chiperfleld, B. M.. Canton. 111.
1917 Chipley. Hunt, AtUnU, Ga.
19f1» Chirurg, Isidore S., New York, N. T.
1918 Cbiaolm, Wno. Wallace, Huntingdon. Pa.
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF MBMBEBS.
749
1M8
1918
1921
19n
1918
1922
1922
1921
1919
1919
1908
1919
1919
1917
1917
1921
1920
1921
19U
1919
1921
1916
1921
1918
1907
1921
1921
1912
1914
1922
1899
1914
1921
1918
1911
1922
1920
1914
1921
1912
1914
1914
1914
1917
1911
1901
1921
1910
1908
1896
1928
1914
mi
1921
Chittick. HeniT R«, New Tork, N. T.
Choate, Chartet F.« Jr., Boston, MaaiL
Cbones, William, Chicago, Xll.
Chopak, Jules, New York, N. T.
Chormann, Frederick, Niagara Falla,
N. T.
Oborosh, Wm. H., New York, N. Y.
Christenaen, 0. D.. Portland. Ore.
Christenaen, Chester H., Beloit, Wis.
Christensen, Henry C, Rochester, Minn.
Christian, Andrew D., Richmond, Va.
Christian. Frank P., Lynchhurg, Va.
Christian, Stuart G., Richmond, Va.
Christian, Thomas D., Ljnchburg, Va.
Christiansen, Christian A., Juneau, Wis.
Christmas, H. R., Kemmerer, Wyo.
Christmas, J. A., Kemmerer, Wyo.
Christopher, H. R.. Okmulgee, Okla.
Christopher, T. Irving, Chicago, 111.
Christopherson, Charles A., Sioux Falb,
a D.
Chriaty, George D., Phoenix, Ariz.
Christy, James Smith, Pittsburgh. Penn.
Christy. John W.. Salt Lake City, Utah.
Chryasikos, George J., New York, N. Y.
Chrystie, EInar, New York, N. Y.
Chiyatie. T. Ludlow. New York, N. Y.
Ohuran, Charles A., Chicago, III.
Church, Chester W., Chicago. HI.
Church. Elliott Bradford. Boston. llasB.
Church, Frederick F.. Rochester, N. Y.
Church, L. S., Oakland, Oal.
Church. Melville, Washington, D. O.
Church. Melville D., Washington, D. C.
Church, Ralph B., Chicago, 111.
Church, Ulytises 0.. Waterbury, Conn.
Chnrchill, Alex L.. Providence, R. I.
Churchill, F. B., Kent, Wash.
Churchill. Harry E., Greeley, Colo.
Churchill, Irwin A., Huron, S. D.
Oianchetti, Adolph, New York. N. Y.
Cist. Charles M., Cincinnati, Ohio.
Clagett, Charlea W., Washington, D. C.
Claggett, L. B. Keene, Baltimore. Md.
Claiborne, Charles F., New Orleans. La.
Claiborne. James R., St. Louis, Mo
Clancy, Frank W., Santa Fe, N. M.
Clapham, W. E., Fort Wayne, Ind.
dapp, A. W., St. Paul, Minn.
Clapp, Cllft Rogers, Boston, Maaa.
Clapp. Newell H.. St. Paul. Minn.
Clapp, Rnhert P.. Lexington, Masa.
Olapp, William J., Fargo, N. D.
Clapperton, George, Grand Raplda,
Mich.
Clare, William P., New York. N. Y.
Clarity, A. J., Freeport, 111.
Oltrk« Alaaworth W., Chicago, DL
1911 aark, Alfred B., Portland. Ore.
1922 Clark, Appleton L., New York, N. Y.
1920 nark. Bennett C, St. Louis, Mo.
1921 Clark, Charles D., Chicago, HI.
1919 Clark, Charles Y., Chicago, 111.
1906 Clark, Chester W., Boston, Maaa.
1916 Clark, Clarence D., Evanston, Wyoming.
1920 aark, Edward S., Bay City, Mich.
1906 Clark, Elmer C, Oswego, Kana.
1910 Clark, Elroy N., Denver, Colo.
1913 aark, Frederic L., Philadelphia, Pa.
1912 Clark. Frederic Wilaon. Greeley, Colo.
1918 aark. Gaylord Lee, Baltimore, Md.
1921 aark. George H., Canton, Ohio.
1914 aark, Grenville, New York, N. Y.
1921 aark, Harold T., aeveland, Ohio.
1918 Hark. Henry C. Jacksonville, Fla.
1922 aark, Henry H., Denver. Colo.
1914 Clark, Henry Wallace. New York. N. Y.
1918 aark, Herbert W., Berkeley, Cal.
1906 Clark. Homer P., St. Paul. Minn.
1910 aark, Howard J., Des Moines, Iowa.
1891 aark, I. R., Boston, Mass.
1919 aark. J. C, Conway, Ark.
1913 aark, J. Reuben, Jr., Salt Lake aty.
UUh.
1910 aark, James, Ellicott City. Md.
1917 aark. Jamra N.. Boston. Mass.
1921 aark, James R., ancinnatl, Ohio.
1919 aark. John A., Fairbankt. Alaska.
1918 aark. John D., Denver, Col.
1917 Clark, John Rirkland, New York. N. Y.
1900 aark. Joaeph H., Detroit, Mich.
1918 Clark, Joaeph a, Philadelphia, Pa.
1914 aark, Lincoln R., Chicago, III.
1911 Clark, L>'man K., Boston, riaas.
1021 aark, Malcolm H.. Portland, Orag.
1806 aark. Martin, Buffalo, N. Y.
1921 aark, Martin Lee, Niagara Falls, N. Y.
1919 aark. Neil C, Preaoott. Aria.
1910 aark. Oliver O., Loa Angeles, OaL
1921 Clark. Ralph E., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1916 Clark. Stuart L., Emin-nce. Mo.
1921 aark, Thaddeus S., Charleston, W. Va.
1920 Clark, W. R., Denver. Colo.
1021 aark, W. W., Milton. Fla.
191 5 Hark, Walter L.. Baltimore. Md.
1922 aark, Wayne L., Ventura, Cal.
1921 aark. William B., Yakima, Waah.
1919 Clark, William M., New York. N. Y.
1910 Clarke. Arthur. Cor^'allis, Oregon.
1911 Clarke. Arihur F., B aton. Maaa.
1910 aarke, Charles F., New Haven, Conn.
1920 Harke. Chauncev H.. St. Louis. Mo.
1921 aarke, Elam L., Waukegan, 111.
1911 Clarke. Rnos. St. L u^s. Mo.
1916 Clarke, Hrnry L., Chicago, 111.
1898 Clarke, John H., Youngstown, Ohio.
760
AMERICAN BAB A8S0GIATI0K.
1922 OliriEe, John Bobb» Lm Vegu, Nev.
1M2 Clarke, Richtrd H., New York, N. T.
1921 Clarke, Robert U., Los Angelea, Oal.
1907 Clarke, Samuel B., WaahinfftoQ, Conn.
1921 Clarke, W. H. Crichton, New York,
N. Y.
1922 Clarke, W. W., Spokane, Waah.
1920 Clarke, William F., Jr., Louiaville, Ky.
1919 Clarkin, Harold E.. Pall Rirer, Maas.
1917 Clarkton, Edgar L., Tuacalooaa, Ala.
1920 Qarkaon, Eugene S., Detroit, Mich.
1919 Clarkaon. John T.. Albfa, Iowa.
1921 Clary, A. R., Chicago, IlL
1914 Claasen, Philip L., Albany, N. Y.
1917 Claaaon, Allen V.. Oconto, Wis.
1922 Clauaon, 0. J., Wimbledon, N. D.
1917 Clay, Brutus J., Paris, Ky.
1911 Clay, Buokner, Charleston, W. Va.
1912 aay, George a. New York, N. Y.
1907 Clay, William Law, Sarannah, Qa.
1913 Clay, Wm. Rogers, Prrnkfort. Ky.
1922 Clayson, Walter 8., Corona, CaL
1918 Clayton, Henry D., Montgomery, AU.
1920 Clayton. Joseph E.. Ilobridge, S. D.
1918 Clayton, S. H., Taco, Texas.
1908 Clearwater. A. T., Kingston, N. Y.
1921 Cleary, Edward L., Rochester, N. Y.
1922 Cleary, James 0., New York, N. Y.
1920 apary. John M., Kansas City, Ifo.
1922 Cleary, Leo V., Chicago, 111. •
1921 Cleary, T. P., Sioux City, Iowa.
1920 Cleaveland, Allan, Baltimore, lid.
1908 Cleareland, L. W., New Haven, f onn.
1921 Cleland, Rolland J., Grand Rapids,
Mich.
*1918 Clemens, John W, PottsvtUe, Ps.
1906 Clement, Chsrlcs M., Sunbuiy, Pa.
1914 Clement, Edward C Washington, D. C.
1900 aement, L. H., Salisbury, N. C
1918 Clement. Samuel M., Jr., Philadelphia.
Pa.
1922 Clements, Chaunc^ N., Chicago, 111.
1914 Clementa, Francis W., Washington, D. C.
1914 demons, Charles F., Honolulu, Hawaii.
1914 Clemson, Charles C, Westminster, Md.
1908 Clephane, Walter C, Washington, D. C.
1912 Cleveland, Cheater E., Chicago, 111.
1914 Clevenger, Prank M., Wilmington, Ohio.
1899 aevenger, William M., Atlantic City,
N. J.
1921 Cliffe, Adam C, Sycamore, IlL
1917 Clifford, J. C, Dunn, N. O.
1921 Clifford. J. Phillip. Clarksburg, W. Va.
1916 Clifford, John H., New Bedford, Mass.
1012 aifford, Philip G., Portland, Me.
1916 Clifford, Richard W.. Chicago, IlL
1914 aifton, John W., Washington, D. a
1921 Clifton, Wiley H., Aberdeen, Miss.
ELBCTBO
1907 Clindi, Edward 8., New York, N. T.
1921 Cline, Claude, Huntingdon, Ind.
1910 Cline, J. D., Lake Charles. U.
1914 Clingman, Ord, Lawrence, Kans.
1921 Olinnin, John V., Chicago, HI.
1914 Clippinger, W. W., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1915 aithero, Delbert A., Chicago, m.
1921 Clock, Ralph H.. Long Beach. CaL
1921 Clocke, T. Emoiy, New York, N. Y.
1921 Close, Charles P., Upper Sanduaky,
Ohio.
1914 aose, Philip H., Bel Air, Md.
1922 Clotfelter, U. T., Los Angeles, Oal.
1921 Cloud, A. D., Chicago, IlL
1920 aoud. Wendell H., Kanaas aty. Mo.
1921 Clough, R. P., Mason City, Iowa.
1922 Clovia, C. B., Atlantic. Iowa.
1922 Cluff, Alfred T., San Francisco, OaL
1921 Cluff, Harvey H., Salt Lake City, Utah.
1920 Cluff, L. Eggertaen, Salt Uke City,
Utah.
1921 Clum, Alfred, Cleveland, Ohio.
1922 Clune, George William, New York, M. Y.
1921 Clymer, Virgil H., Syracuse, N. Y.
1918 Clynft, Charlea P., Chicago, IlL
1911 Coady, Charles P., Baltimore, Md.
1920 Coakley, Charles A., Ardmore, Okla.
1906 Coakley. Daniel H., Boston, Mass.
1911 Ooale. Geonre O. G.. BoRton, Maas.
1922 Coale, H. W., Stockton. OU.
1922 Coan, O. Arthur, Nyac^, N. Y.
1916 Coan. Ralph M., Portland, Ore.
1918 Coats. Herbert P., Saranac Uke, N. T.
1911 Coatsworth. Edward E.. Buffalo. N. Y.
1904 Cobb, A. Ward, New York, N. Y.
1908 Cobb, Albert C, Minneapolis, Minn.
1912 Cobb, Andrew J., Athens, Oa.
1919 Cobb, Charles L., Chicago. HI.
1921 Cobb, Florence Etheridge, Wewoka, Okla.
1921 Cobb, James H., Wewoka, Okla.
1914 Cobb, John H.. Jimeau, Alaska.
1918 Cobb, M. 8., Hot Springs, Ark.
1916 Cobb, Orris P., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1907 Cobb, W. Bruce, New York. N. T.
1921 Cobb, W. 8., Jackson, Mich.
1911 Oobbs, Thomas H., St Louis, Mo.
1913 Cochran, A. A., Cheater, Pa.
1892 Cochran, Alexander G., St. Loais, Mo.
1906 Cochran, Andrew M. J., M^ysville, Ky.
1920 Cochran, Charlea E., Portland, Ore.
1913 Cochran, Ernest P., Anderson, 8. C
1922 Cochran, James, New York, N. Y.
1918 Cochran, Thomas C, Mercer, Pa. .
1922 Cocke, B. J., New Orleana, La.
1920 Cocke, Cliarles Francis, Roanoke, Va.
1921 Cocke, J. Walter, Waco. Texas.
1902 Cocke, Ludan H., Roanoke, Va.
1920 Cocke, Ludan U.. Jr., Roanoke, Va.
ALPHABSTICAL LIST OF MBMBEB8.
761
ins CockerUl, O. P., UoBOfyw, Idaho.
1918 Cockley, William B., Cleveland, Ohio.
18M Cockran, W. Bourke, New York, N. Y.
1910 Oockrell. A. W.. Jr.» Jacksonville, Fla.
1912 Cookrell, Alston, Jacksonville* Fla.
1901 Cockrill, Ashler, Little Rock» Ark.
1914 Cockrum, John B., Indianapolis, Ind.
1009 Coco, Adolph Valery, New Orleans, La.
1910 Codding, John W., Towanda, Pa.
1919 Codman, Julian, Boston, Haas.
1915 Cody. Frank If., Philadelphia. Pa.
1922 Doe, Arthur F., Loa Angeles, Gal.
1920 Coe, J. M., Pensacola, Fla.
1918 Ooe, Walter E., Stamford, Conn.
1914 Coe, Ward B., Baltimora. Md.
1917 Cocn, John R., Sterling, Colo.
1917 Coen, Walter S., Fort Morgan, Colo.
1914 Coffey, Charles S., ChatUnooga, Tenn.
1922 OoiTey, Edward I., San Francisco, Cal.
1921 Ooffey, Jeremiah V., San Francisco,
CaL
1921 Ck>flln, Chester L., Santa Monica, Cat
1913 Coffin, George P., Easton, Pa.
1907 Coffin, Berbert L., New York, N. Y.
1980 Coffin, Thomas C, Pocatello, Idaho.
1920 Coffman, Frank. St. lA>iiiB, Mo.
1922 Coffman, James T., Healdsburg, Oal.
1920 Cofield, W. H.. Cortex, Colo.
1921 Ooghlan, Henry D., Chicago, 111.
1921 Ooghlan, John P., San Francisco, Oal.
1921 Ooghlan, Joseph, Bismarck, N. D.
1922 Cohalan, Denis O'L., New York, N. Y.
1915 CohaUn, John P., New York, N. Y.
1921 Cohane, Louis, Detroit, Mich.
1922 Cohen, Abraham 0., New York, N. Y.
1911 C<Aen, Abraham K., Boston, Masa.
1914 Cohen, Alfred M., ancinnati, Ohio.
1922 Cohen, Archie H., Chicago, HI.
1922 Cohen, Arthur O., Seattle, Wash.
1921 Cohen, Franklin M., Boston, Mass.
1921 Ooh«i, Franklin Willard, Anson is. Conn.
1921 Cohen, George B., Chicago, 111.
1921 Cohen, George L., New York, N. Y.
1919 Cohen, Harry K., Ballantine, Mont
1918 Cohen. Harvey J., New York. N. Y.
1922 Cohen, Henry L., New York, N. Y.,
1922 Cohen, Hyman M., East Chicago, Ind.
1922 Cohen, Issac, New York, N. Y.
1906 Cohen. Julius Henry, New York, N. Y.
1922 Cohen, Louis, Atascadero, Cal.
1922 Cohen, Louis Maxwell, New York, N. Y.
1922 Cohen, M. H., Dea Moines, Iowa.
1921 Cohen, Max G., New York, N. Y.
1914 Cohen, Myer, Washington, 0. C.
1921 Cohen, Paul P., Niagara Falls, N. Y.
i921 Cohen, Samuel, Chicago, 111.
1921 Cohen, Samuel L., New York, N. Y.
1912 Coheot William N., New York, N. Y.
1913 Cohn, Eugene, New York, N. T.
1922 Oohn, Louis, New York, N. Y. ^
1921 Oohn, Louis M., Little Rock, Ark.
1928 Oohn, Louis B., CSiicago, IlL
1917 Cohn, Nathan, NashviUe, Tenn.
1919 Coit, George Chandler, Bost4io,
1914 Coke, Alex 8., Dallas, Texaa.
1897 Coke. Henry C. Dallas. Texas.
1922 Ooker, B. A., Dallas, Texaa.
19SS Oolbum, A. 0., Spokane, Wash.
1907 Oolby, Bainbridge, New York, N. Y.
1908 Oolby, James P., Hanover, N. H.
1921 Colby, Leonard W., Beatrice, Neb.
1922 Colby, William E., San Francisco, Oal.
1921 CoMiron, John F.. Catlettsburg, Ky.
1928 Cole, Allyn, Lamar, Colo.
1922 Cole, Arthur C, Bingham Oanyon, Utah.
1917 Cole. Ashley T., New York, N. Y.
1921 Cole, Bartlett, Portland, Oreg.
1922 Cole, Ben I^., Detroit, Mich.
1914 Cole, Charles D. M., New York. N. Y.
1903 Cole. Clarence L., AtlanUc aty, N. J.
1914 Cole, Edward F., Waterbury, Conn.
1919 Cole, Franklin J., El Centro, Cal.
1018 Cole, George S., Cleveland, Ohio.
1918 Cole, John M.. Springfield. Ohio.
1980 Cole. William P., Jr., TowK>n. Md.
1922 Ooleberd, J. W., South San Frandsoo.
Oal.
1913 Coleman, Benjamin W.. Carson City,
Nev.
1922 Coleman, Byron, San Francisco, Oal.
1011 Coleman. Charles T., Little Rock, Ark.
1919 Coleman. Dennis W., Waterbury. Conn
1920 Coleman, Frank B.. St. Louis. Mo
1912 Coleman, George S., Glen Cove, L. I..
N. Y.
1922 Coleman, GreU C. Boston, Mass.
1922 Coleman, H. J., Billings, Mont
1908 Coleman. J. A., Everett, Wash.
1916 Coleman. James Leonard. Chicago. 111.
1913 Coleman, John B., New York. N. Y.
1911 Coleman, Phares. Birmingham. Ala.
1919 Coleman, Thomas, Charleston, W. Va.
1911 Coleman. W, F.. Pine Bluff. Ark.
1922 Coleman. Wilbra, Mt Vernon. Wash.
1915 Coleman. William C. Baltimore, Md.
1921 Colea, George W.. Philadelphia, Penn.
1907 Colea. Walter D.. St Louis. Mo.
1921 Oolety, Francis. New York. N. Y.
1921 Oolgrove. Philip T., Hastings. Mich.
1894 Oolie. Edward M.. Newark, N. J.
1921 Coliopouloe, Emmanuel G., Chicago, HI.
1914 Colladay, Edward F., Washington, D. C.
1916 Collier, Frank C, Los Angeles, Cal.
1907 Collier, Frederick J., Hudson, N. Y.
1921 Collier, H. S., Gallatin, Tenn.
19^ Collier. Robert, Denver. Colo.
^52
AMERICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
BLBCTED
1922 Oolliagwood, Morton, Plymouth, lius.
1921 Oollitts, A. Chalkl^, Great Barrington,
Mass.
1919 Collins. Abe. Oe Queen. Ark.
1919 Collins, Beiyl B., Chicago. 111.
1918 Collins. Cadwallader J.. Norfolk. Va.
1912 Collina, Cornelius R., Michigan aty.
Ind.
1915 Cblllns, Darfd T.. Hibbing. Minn.
1922 Collins, E. E., Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
1914 Collins, Edgar Q., Littlefield, Texas.
1922 Collins. Huber A.. Yuma. Aria.
1921 CoIUna, J. M., MaysviUe, Kjr.
1916 Collins. James A.. Indianapolis, Ind.
1915 Collins, Jsmes C, Providence, R. I. *
1922 Oolllna, James F., New York. N. T.
1920 Collins, James J.. Dallas, Tex.
1922 ODllins, Victor Ford, Los Angeles, Oal.
1914 Collins. W. B.. Keokuk, Iowa.
1921 CoUiver, Presley O., Terre-Haute, Ind.
1919 Colquitt, Walter T., AtlanU, Qa.
1921 Colson, Harry O., Chicago, 111.
1879 Colston, Edward, Cincinnati, Ohio.
1921 Colston, James E., San Francisco, Oal.
1911 Colt, James 0., Boston. Mass.
1908 Colt. Le Baron B.. Providence, R. h
1922 Colthurst, J. A., Vallejo, Oi|l.
1913 Colton. Henry E., .Nashville, Tenn.
1921 Columbia, Elmer W., Oswego, Kan.
1921 Colville, L. M.. Pswhuska, Okla.
1922 Colwell, Clyde C, Chicago, lU.
1921 Combs, B. F., Prestonburg, Ky. ,
1913 Combs. Lee, Valley City, N. D.
1918 Comegys. Cornelius, Scranton, Pa.
1911 Comer. Charles P.. St. Louis, Mo. ,
1912 Cotnerford! Frank. Chicago. 111.
19M Comfort, F. V., Stillwater, Minn.
1916 Comins. Danforth W., Boston. Mass.
1916 Comlej, William H., Jr., Bridgeport,
Conn.
1921 Oompton, George Brokaw, New York,
S. Y.
1922 ComptOQ, Wilson Martindale, Washing-
ton, D. a
1919 Comstock. A. Barr, Boston, Mass.
1921 Comstock, Albert, Paterson, N. J.
1905 Comstock. Richard B.. Providence, R. I,
1922 Comstock, Willard W., West Union,
Iowa.
1919 Conant, Dsvid S., St. Johnabury. Vt
1904 Conant, Ernest B.. St. Louis, Mo.
1892 Conant, George A., Hartford. Conn.
1918 Conaway, John C, Elyria, Ohio.
1913 Conboy, Martin. New York, N. Y.
1914 Condee, I^ander D., Chicago, IlL
1921 Oonder, C. L., Pekin, 111.
1914 Conder, Earl R.. Indianapolis. Ind.
1915 Condlt, J. Sidney, Chicago, IlL
1914 Condo, Gus 8., Marlon, Ind.
1918 Condon, James G., Chicago, lU.
1921 Condon, Richard, New York, N. T.
1916 Condon, Thomas J., Chicago, IIL
1919 Conerty, Joseph A., Chicago, 111.
1913 Congdon, I. E., Omaha, Nebr.
1920 Conger, Frederic, Long Island, N. T.
1921 Conklin, Lewis R., New York, N. T.
(Ridirewood, N. J.)
1921 Conklin, WillUro R., New York, N. Y.
1916 Conlen, William J., Philadelphia, Pa.
1914 Conley. John M., Beaumont. Tens.
1922 Conley, W. M., Fresno, Cal.
1914 Conley, William G., Charleston. W. Va.
1921 Conlin, Engene F., San Francisco, OaL
1921 Conly, James A., Wichita. Kan.
1914 Conn. H. L., Van Wert. Ohio.
1921 Conn, John T., Hartley, Iowa.
1922 Conn, W. A., Fresno, OaL
1914 Connell, Joseph A.. Chicago, HL
1922 Connell, Stephen, San Diego, OaL
1921 Connelly. Paul V., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1920 Conner, Benjamin C, Ttilsa, Okla.
19l4 Conner, Benjamin H., Paria, Franca^
1921 Conner, J. Verser, Louisville, Ky.
1921 Connett, W. C, St. Louis, Mo.
1917 Oonnift, John J., Wheeling, W. Va.
1921 OonnoUy, George A., San Prandaoo,
Cal.
1920 Connolly, Henry J., Scrantnn. Pa.
1922 Connolly, Joseph E. F., Portland, Me.
1922 Connolly, Tom, Marlin, Texas.
1922 Connor, Chsrles, New York. N. Y.
1921 Connor, Charles C. New Bedford, Mass.
1910 Connor, Heniy G., Wilson, N. C.
1920 Connor, James E., Jr., New Haven.
Conn.
1922 Connor, Patrick D., Denver, Oolo.
1916 Connor, William T., PhiladelphU. Pm.
1919 Conqiuest, Edward J., Bangor. Me.
1916 Conrad. Henry S.. Kansas City, Mo.
1918 Conrad, W. N.. Brookrille, Pa.
1922 Conrey, Nathaniel P., Los Angeles, Cal.
1916 Conroy, Joseph H., Hsmmond, Ind.
1921 Conroy, Joseph W., Cincinnati, Ohiou
1921 Conroy, S. S., Youngstown, Ohio.
1921 Conry, Joseph A., Boston. Mass.
1922 Constantine, George J., Moab, Utah.
1921 Constantine, Henry A., Niagara Falls,
N. Y.
1921 Contant, Marlnus, Hackensack, N. J.
1922 Conway, AlbeK, Brooklyn, N. Y.
1921 Conway, D. D.. Wisconsin Rapid*, Wis.
1921 Conway, James J., Ottawa, 111.
1914 Conway, Thomas F., New York, N. T.
1915 Conway, William J.. Wisconsin Ra|>idB»
Wis.
1921 Conyers, 0. B., Brunswick, Qs.
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF lOMBERS^
753
ItU Cook, Alfred A., New Tort^ K. T.
1808 Cook, Charles Sttmner, Portland, M«.
1920 Cook, Dayton E., Chippewa Falls, Wla.
180Q Cook. E 8., Clercland. Ohio.
1919 Cook, Edgar J., Chicago. 111.
1914 Cook, Blmcr J., Towaon, Md.
19S0 Cook, Fillmore, Baltfinore, Md.
1910 Cook, Frank C, Detroit, Mich.
19tt Oook, George If., Flint, Mich.
1918 Cook. Harry £., Uke Village. Ark.
1916 Cbok, Howard 0., St. Louis, Mo.
1921 .Oook, Otis, Terre-Haute, Ind.
1911 Cook, Otis Seabury. New Bedford, Maai.
1922 Cook, Pierre P., Jeraey City, 5. J.
1921 Cook, Robert A. B., Boston,. Maaa.
1921 Oook, Robert H.. Saginaw. Mich.
1921 Oook, Robert Mangum, Atlanta, Oa.
1910 Cook, Wells M., Chicago, 111.
1920 Cook. William, Green Bay, Wis.
1922 Oook, William B., New York, N. T.
1921 Oook, William W., New Tork> N. T.
1922 Cooke, Clay, Fort Worth, Texas,
1919 Cooke. George A., Chicago, 111.
1918 Cboke. Hedley ▼., New York. N. T.
1918 Cooke, Hermon R., Reno. Kev.
19U Cooke, Levi, Waahlngton, D. C.
1910 Cooke. Robert B., National Soldiera
Home, Maine.
1918 Cooke. Walter P.. Boffalo, N. T.
1919 Cookingham. Preecott W.. Portland, Ore.
1921 Oooley, A. E., San Francisco, Oal.
1912 Cooley, Charlea M., Grand Forks, N. D.
1918 Cooley. William John. Philadelphia, Pa.
1918 Coolidge, Harold J., Boston. Mass.
1891 Coolidire, William H.. Boston. Maaa.
1922 Coombs. Frank L., Napa. Oal.
1920 Coomes, T. 8., Webster, S. D.
1918 Coon, Claude L., New York, N. Y.
1921 Coon, Jesse D.. Sioux Falls. S. 0.
1921 Ooonley, Henry E., Chicago. HI.
1919 Cooper, A. R.. Pine Bluff, Ark.
1921 Cooper, A. W., New Orleans, La.
1915 Cooper, Armwell L., Kansas City. Mo.
1921 Cooper, Curtis C, New York, N. Y.
1908 Cooper, Drury W., New York, N. Y.
1980 Cooper. Ellis B.. Laurel. Miss.
1910 Cooper. George P., Huntsville, Ala.
1919 Cooper. Homer H.. Chicago, 111.
1914 Cooper, Howard M., Camden. N. J.
1921 Cooper, J. T., Fredonia. Kan.
1912 Cooper, James A., Jr., Terre Haute, Tnd.
1921 Cooper, John O., Jr., Jacksonville, Fla.
1922 Cooper, John W.. Los Angeles. CaL
1908 Cooper, Lawrence, Huntsville, Ala.
1918 Cooper, Paul F.. Shawnee, Okla.
1917 Cooper, R. H., J^Ikerille, Ky.
1918 Cooper, Ransom, Great Falls, Mont
1911 Cooper, Samuel W., Philadelphia, Pa.
1921 Oooper, W. 8,, Wlnteraef, Iowa.
1922 Cooper, William J., Westboptr N. 0.
1914 Copiland, Mark A., Cleveland, Ohio.
1921 Oopp. Andrew J.. Jr., Los Ang^bs^r OaL-
1922 Oopp, Qyril 0., JacksonTille, Fla.
1916 Coppedge. A. V., Grove. Okla.
1914 Coppock. Charlea T., Cincinnati. Ohio.
1893 Corbet, Borke, San Francisca Cal.
1920 Corbett, Edward L., New York, N. Y.
1921 Obrbett. Edward M.. SIoox Olty, Iowa.
1911 Corbett, Joseph J., BnatoB. Uum.
1921 Corbett, M. C. Des Moines, Iowa.
1921 Corbin, Arthur L.. New Haven, Conn.
1922 Corbin, Clement K.. Jersey City, N. J.
1911 Corbin, J. Arthur. New York, N. Y.
1905 Corbitt. James H., Suffolk. Ta.
1921 Oorboy, William J., Chicago, IlL
1913 Corcoran. Declan W., Boston. Mass.
1919 Corcoran, Thomas P., Pswtucket. B. t
1920 Cordesl Joseph E., Milwaukee, Wis:
1921 Oordr«y, A. T., London, Ohio.
1914 Corey, Fred D., Buffalo. N. Y.
1916 Corey. Merton L., Omaha. Nebr.
1922 Oorfman, E. E., Salt Uke City, Utah.
1922 Corin, Max, New York, N. Y.
1920 Corlett, George M., Monte VisU, Colow
1917 Corlis, George L., St Louis, Mo,
19^ Corliss. John B.. Detroit. Mich.
1922 Oormac, T. E. K., San Frandsco, CaL
1921 Com, Jacob H., New York. N. Y.
1919 Comeau, Barton, Boston, Maaa.
1920 Cornelius, Asher L., Detroit. Mich,
1913 Cornell. Edward. New York. N. Y.
1921 Comett, Corbett, Pawhuska, Okla.
1921 Comett, Walter G., Athens, Ga.
1917 Comforth, Arthur, Colorado Springs.
Colo.
1914 Cornish. Abram H., Newark, N. J.
1921 Coralsh. Frsnk V., San Francisco, Oal.
1907 Coralsh, Leslie C, Augusta, Me.
1917 Corawell. Frederick L., St Louis, Mo.
1918 Oorowell, John J., Romoey, W. Ya.
1920 Corrigsn, W. P., Aberdeen, S. D.
1912 Corrigsn, Walter D., Milwaukee. Wis.
1921 Oorry, Homer C, Springfield. Ohio,
1919 Corthell. Morria E.. Laramie, Wyo.
1895 Corthell, Nellis E., Laramie, Wyo.
1911 Corwin, John B., Newburgh, N. Y.
1914 Corwin. Robert G., Dayton, Ohio.
1921 Cory, Charles E., Fort Scott. Kan.
1921 Coagrave, P. James, Lincoln, Neb.
1918 Cosgrove. James J.. New York, N. Y.
1921 CosgroTe, T. B., Los Angeles. OaL
1914 Coshow. Oliv^P.. Roseburg. Ore.
1917 Costello, Dsvid P., Syracuae, N. Y.
1902 Costigan, Edward P., Washington. D. O.
1901 Costigan, George P., Jr., BerkeUy. Cal.
764
AMERICAN BAE A6S00IATI0N.
BLBCTD
1917 Costigan, Ignatius John, WaahJngton,
D. O.
1911 Cofton, J. T., OaceoIa» Ark.
1916 Cotbran, Thomas P., Greenville, S. G.
1922 Ootillo, BalTatore A., New York. N. Y.
1801 Cotter, James E., Boston, Mass.
1914 Cotter, Thomas B., Plattsburgh. N. Y,
1914 Cottetal. John H., Guthrie. Okla.
1918 Oottle, Marion Weston, Boston. Mass.
1912 Oottom, Harry A., Brownsville, Pa.
1908 Cotton, Joseph B., New York. N. Y.
1918 Cotton, Joseph P., New York. N. Y.
1918 Couch. Benjamin W., Concord, N. H.
1921 Oouch, John F., New York, N. Y.
1902 Coudert. Frederic R., New York. N. Y.
1921 Coufal, Edward A., David City, Neb.
1914 Coulomb. U. R.. Atlantic City, N. J.
1922 Ooulombe, Ovide J.. Berlin. N. H:
1920 Coulson, Charles L., Detroit, Mich.
1921 Ooulson, Robert E., New York, N. Y.
1916 Coulson, Walter, Lawrence, Mass.
1920 Coulter, Clark C. Detroit, Mich.
1918 Countryman, Robert H., San Francisco.
Cal.
1917 Counts, A. Frank. Cleveland, Ohio.
1911 Courtney, Henry A., Duluth, Minn.
1921 Courtney, Wirt, Franklin, Tenn.
1922 OcAirtwrigrht, P. L., Independence. Kans.
1909 Couse, Howard A., Cleveland, Ohio.
1918 Covington, Geo. Bishop, New York,
N. Y.
1914 Covington. J. Harry, Washington, D. C.
1921 Cowan, Austin M., Wichita, Kan.
1921 Cowan, Leonard L., Chicago, 111.
1922 Cowart, Samuel Craig. Freehold. N. J.
1921 Cowden, Frederic H., New York, N. Y.
1921 Cowden, William K., Huntington. W.
Va.
1922 Oowell, Thaddeus O., New York, N. Y.
1921 Oowern, Joseph F., St. Paul, Minn.
1922 Gowgill, C. 0., Sonoma. Cal.
1919 Cowles, Clarence P., Burlington, Vt.
1922 Cowles, Lamonte, Burlington, Iowa.
1918 Cowpcr, George V., Kinston, N. C.
1918 Cox, Allen, Baldwyn, Miss.
1908 Cox, Arthur M., Chicago. 111.
1906 Cox, Attilla. Jr., I^uisvi]1.^ Ky.
1914 Cox. Charles K., Indianapolis. Ind.
1919 Oox, E. Eugene, Camilla. Ga.
1921 Cox, Earl R., Indianapolis. Ind.
1908 Cox, Eugene A., Lewiston. Irinho.
1921 Oox, George W., Wichita, Kan.
1911 Cox. Guy W., Boston. Mass.
1921 Oox, Harry W., Lyons Falls. N. Y.
1921 Oox, James J.. Pho^ix, Aria.
1921 Oox, L. J., Phoenif, Aria.
1917 Cox, Oliver C, Greensboro, N. C.
1918 Cox, Robert Lynn, New York, N. Y.
BLKCTED
1921 Oox. Rofls, Hollis, Okla.
1918 Ooz, Stephen J.. New York, N. Y.
1920 Ooz, Thad A., Johnson City, Tenn.
1920 Cox, Thomas H.. New Haven, Conn.
1921 Oox, Thomas M., Beeville, Texas.
1911 Cox, William J.. Madiaonville. Ky. '
1920 Cox, Williston M., Knoxville, Tenn.
1921 Cox, Wright, Gate City, Va.
1914 Coxe, Alfred C. Hartford, Conn.
1903 Coxe, Macgrane, New York, N. Y.
1917 Coxe, Whitwell W., Roanoke. Va.
1922 Coy, Sam P., Fresno, Cal.
1922 Ooyle. Frank, Louisville, Ry.
1921 Ooyle, James F., Pittsburgh, Penn.
1921 Ooyle, John B., New York, N. Y.
1918 Coyne, Bartholomew B.. New York,
N. Y.
1922 Coyne, Eugene F., La Moure. N. D.
1922 Coyne, Leonard S., Lansing, Midi.
1921 Crabbe, John Hammond, San Francisco,
Cal.
1917 Crabtree, Ike W., Memphis, Tenn.
1922 Crafts, H. K.. Chicago, 111.
1922 Craig. Albert G., Denver, Oolo.
1921 Craig, Bryan Y., Chicago. IlL
1916 Craig. Charles C. Galesburg. 111.
1919 Craig. Charles H., Wallace, Idaho.
1921 Craig, E. R., Wintcrhaven. Fla.
1914 Craig, Edward L., Columbia. S. C.
1922 Oraig^ Elliot, Los Angeles, Oal.
1920 Craig, Elmund L., Evansville, Ind.
1914 Craig, G. Ray, Norwalk, Ohio.
1908 Craig, Gavin W., Los Angeles, Cal.
1917 Craig, Hugh H.. Riverside, Cal.
1896 Craig. John E., Keokuk, Iowa.
1916 Craig, John W., Greensburg, Ind.
1911 Craig, William T., Los Angeles, Cal.
1918 Craige, Burton, Winston-Salem, N. C.
1914 Craighead. Charles A., Dayton, Ohio.
1911 Crain, Robert, Washington, D. 0.
1922 Crain, Thomas 0. T., New York, N. Y.
1917 Cram. Harry L., Portland, Me.
1006 Cram, Henry C, Providence, R. I.
1917 Cram, J. Sergeant, New York, N. Y.
1914 Cramer, Nelson B., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1916 Cramer. Wilson. Jackaon, Mo.
1919 Crampton, Edwin Cook, Raton, N. M.
1922 Orandall, 0. M., Vale, Ore.
1921 Crandall, Ralph G., Chicago, 111.
1907 Crane, Alexander B., New York. N. Y.
1922 Crane, Alexander M.. New York, N. Y.
1922 Crane. Arthur Bathurst, San Frandaco,
Cal.
1917 Crane. Edward, Dallas, Texaa.
1905 Crane, Frederick E.. Albany, N. Y.
19C6 Crane. Jay W.. Minneapolis, Minn.
1918 Crane. Judson A.. 'Pittsburgh, Pa,
1914 Crane, M. M.. Dallas, Texaa.
ALPHABBTICAL LIST OF MBMBEBS.
766
ins Onoe, ThomM D., Omaha, Nebr.
1022 Onncj, H. H., lUnhalltown, Iowa.
1921 Grapple, Ouy Crapallo, Chicago, 111.
mt Graaaweller, Frank, Dulntfa, Mian.
1907 Cravath, Paul D., New York, N. Y.
1921 Graven, Alfred W., Chicago, 111.
1921 Grawfls, Orland R., Columbus, Ohio.
1900 Crawford, Ooe I., Buron, 8. D.
1921 Crawford, Don A., DeSroet, S. D.
1914 Crawford, Frank L., New York, N. Y.
1914 Crawford, Harry J., Cleveland. Ohio.
1915 Crawford, John J., New York, N. Y.
1914 Crawford, John T. Q., Jacksonville. Fla.
1921 Crawford, Leonard J.. Newport, Ky.
1920 Crawford, Milo H., Detroit. Mich.
1922 Crawford, T. H., La Qrande, Ore.
1911 Crawford, WilUam W., Louisville. Ky.
1922 Crawford, Winfleld W., Philadelphia. Pa.
1918 Creed, W. E., San Francisco, Cal.
1921 Greedon, Alex W., Hartford, Conn.
1915 Creekmore, H. H., Water Valley. Mi^.
1921 Creekmur, John W., Chicago, 111.
1921 Crenshaw, H. F., Montgomery, .\lu.
1921 Crenshaw, Loren O., Los Angeles,' Cul.
1921 Cress P. W., Perry, Okla.
1912 Creasy, Morton 8., Chicago, 111.
1910 Creasy, Warren F., Stamford, Conn.
1921 Creswell, William H., Sheldon, Iowa.
1922 Crewdaon, S. R.. Russlevillp, Ky.
1912 Crews, Ralph, New York, N. Y.
1914 Crews. Thomas B.. .St. Louis, Mo.
1920 Crichlow, v. B. Shelby. Bradentuwn.
Fla.
1921 Crick. Stephen. New York. N. Y.
1920 Crider. Joe, Jr.. Los Angeles. Cal.
1922 Cridlio, George B., Jonesville. Va.
1922 Orippen, H. C. Billings, Mont.
1919 Cristy. Albert M., Honolulu. MdWHii.
1922 Critcher, Alan H., San Francisco, Cal.
1922 Critchlow, George A., Salt Lake City,
UUh.
1914 Critee, Edwin D.. Chadron. Nebr.
1921 Crites. Maurice E.. Indiana Harbor,
Ind.
1922 Crittenden. Bradford C. Tracy, Cal.
1922 Crittenden, James L, Modesto, Gal.
1921 Crittenden. William C, San Franciaco,
Gal.
1919 Ckt>baugh, S. Chester. Cleveland, Ohio.
1922 Crocker, Charles H., Sacramento. Cal.
1922 Crocker, Frank L., New York, N. Y.
1918 Crocker, Frank L., Portsmouth, Va.
1906 Crocker, William D., Williamaport. Pa.
1919 Crockett, George P., Bluefleld. W. Va.
1911 Crofoot, Lodowick F., Omaha, Nebr.
1914 Crogan. P. J., Kingwood, W. Va.
1922 Gkollard, Fred M., Wenatchee, Wash.
1914 Gkomer, George B., Newberry. & C.
1921 Cromwell, William Nevarrc, CUeico,
ni.
1910 Cronan, John F., Boston, Mass.
1919 Crone, Fred Henshaw, Haigler, Nebr.
1918 Cronin, Charles L, PhiUdelphU, Pa.
1922 Cronin, John R., Stockton, OaL
1919 Crook. Douglas, Springfield. Mass.
1911 Crook, W. M., Beaumont, Texas.
1921 Groom, G. W., El Paao, Texas.
1913 Ckopsey, Jamea C, Brooklyn. N. Y.
1916 Crosby, A. Morris, Brookline, Mass.
1920 Croaby, Emery W., Neillsville, Wis.
1921 Crosby, Floridus Stott. Staunton, Va.
1921 Croaby. Oorham, New York, N. Y.
1918 Crosby, Hartey N., Falconer, N. Y.
1911 Crosby. J. Porter, Boston. Maaa.
1904 Crosby, John C, Pittsfl-ld, Msss.
1921 Crosby, Peter J., Oskland, Cal.
1918 Crosby. Samuel H., Port Arthur, Texaa.
1906 Crosby, Wilaon Q.. Duluth. Minn.
1907 Crosley, Ferdinand S., New York, N. Y.
1917 'Cross. Cleaveland R., Cleveland, Ohio.
1915 Crosa, J. E., Newton, Iowa.
1914 Cross. John Emory, Baltimore, Md.
1920 Crot«. Jolm G., Detroit. Mich.
1922 Cross, Joseph M., Modesto, OaL
1921 CrosM. n. H., San Franciaco. Oil.
1914 Cross. T. .lonea. Baton Rouge, La.
1911 Cross. William Irvine, Baltimore. Md.
1921 Croasan, Tom O., Zanesville. Ohio.
1921 Crossfleld, Amasa Scott. Manila. P. I.
1913 Crossley, Frederic B.. Chicsgo. III.
1922 Crothers, George Edward, San Fran-
cisco. Cal.
1922 Crothers, R. A.. San Francisco, Cal.
1922 Crothers, Thomas G.. Ssn Francisou,
Cal.
1922 Crouch. Charles C. San Die«o. CaL
1913 Crouch, I^rkin R.. Nashvillo. Tenn.
1890 Crovatt, A. J., Brunswick, Ga.
1920 Crovatt. Alfred Hayne. Brunswick. Ga.
191.S Crow, Benjamin S., Salt Lake City.
Utah.
1912 Crow. George A.. East St.* Louis. III.
1918 Crow, Howard )f., Cleveland, Ohio.
1921 Crow, J. B., Ruston, La.
1921 Crow. William R.. Chicago. IIL
1911 Crowder, Enoch H., Washington, D. C
1917 Crowell, J. Lee. Concord, N. C.
1914 Crowell. Robert H., Cleveland. Ohio.
1922 Growl. B. A.. Tacoma, Waah.
1907 Crowley. Edward Chase, New York.
N. Y.
1914 Crowley. Jere J.. Philsdelphia. Pa.
1919 Crowley, John E., Boston, Mass.
1921 Crowley. Louis V.. San Francisco, Cal.
1919 Cruce, M. K.. Oklahoma City, Okla.
1921 Cruce, W. E.. Ardraore, Okla.
756
AHERIOAN BAB AS800IATI0H.
1921 Ohice, W. I., Ardmore, OkU.
1922 Cniikahank, Lewis, Los Angeles, OtI.
1906 Cnim. B. P., Montgomery, Ala.
1912 Crum, D. A. R., Cordele. Ga.
1911 Crump, Beverly T.. Richmond. Va.
1922 Orump, Quj Ridiards, Los Angeles, OaL
1920 Crump, William W.. Richmond, Va.
1910 Cnim packer, Fred. C, Hammond, Ind.
1921 Crumrine, J. Boyd, Washington, Pens.
1913 Cnise, George E., New York, N. T.
1913 Crutcher, Albert, Los Angeles, Cal.
1922 Ouchl, GajetLUO Goll 7., Saa Juan,
P. R.
1922 Cudahy, E., Chicago, HI.
1918 Cukor, Morris, New York. N. Y.
1920 Culbertaon, C. B.. Stanley, Wis.
1914 Culbertaon, Horace J., Lewistown. Pa.
1922 Cull, James O., Yakima, Wash.
1920 Cullen, James H., Detroit, Ulch.
1912 Cullen, P. H., St. Louis, Ifo.
1921 Cullinan, Eustace, San Francisco, OaL
1922 CuUison, Shelby, Harlan, Iowa.
1921 Cullom, Neil P., New York. N. Y,
1919 Gulp. Lynn W.. Coeur d'Alene, Idaho.
1907 Culver. Frederic. New York. N. Y.
1891 Culver, If. Eugene,' Middletown. Conn.
1912 Culver,' Morton T., Chicago. 111.
1918 Culver. Richard J. O., Los Angeles, Cat
1911 Gumming. E. D.. Deposit, N. Y.
1914 Cummings, Csmpbell, St. Louis, Mo.
1911 Cummings. Charles R.. Fall River. Mass.
1018 Cummings, George B., St. Louis, Mo.
1909 Cummings, Homer S.. Sismford, Conn.
1921 Oummings. John H., Chicago, 111.
1919 Cummfngs. .John W.. Fall River, Msss.
1922 Cummings, Penn, Fresno, Gal.
1886 Cummins. Albert B.. (Des Moines. la.),
Washington, D. C.
1918 Cummins, Alva M., Lansing, Mich.
1921 Cummins. Joseph, Chicago, 111.
1922 Cunha, Edward A., San Francisco, Osl.
1918 Cunnea, William A., Chicago, III.
1917 Cunningham, Benjamin B., Rochester,
N. Y. ,
1911 Cunningham, C. A., Blytheville, Ark.
1920 Ounningham, D. L., Globe. Ariz.
1891 Cunningham, Frederic, Boston, Mass.
1919 Cunningham, G. S., Phoenix, Ariz.
1914 Cunningham. J. E. B.. Harrisburg, Pa.
1916 Cunningham. L., Bolivar, Mo.
1913 Cunningham, M. O.. Omaha, Nebr.
1914 Cunningham, Martin J.. Danbury. Conn.
1918 Cunningham, Robert H.. Pateraon, N. J.
1808 Cunningham. T. M., Jr., Savannah, Ga.
1921 Cunningham, Warren W., New York,
N. Y.
1921 Curd, Thomas H. 8.. Welch, W. Va.
1917 Cureton, C. M., Austin, Texas.
1917 Cureton, H. J., Heridiaa, Tens.
1921 Ourl, Joseph R., Wheeling. W. Va.
1914 Curlee. Francis M., St. Lott&, Mo.
1922 Cbrler, B. F., Reno, Ner.
1914 Curley, Charles P., Wilmington, Del.
1914 Curley, Fr::nk E., 1^lcsoD, Ariaona.
1914 Curran, A. J., Pittsburg, Kans.
1916 Curran, John F., Enid, Okla.
1922 Curran, John F., New York, N. Y.
1922 Curran, John U., Santa Baibara, O^L
1911 Curran, John P., Pittsburgh, Ranass.
1922 Cuiren, Hector MeOowan, Brooklyv,
N. T.
1922 Curren, Lee J., New York, N. T.
1917 Cunen, Robert G., Cleveland, Ohio.
1914 Currie, Dwlght D., St. Louis, Mo.
1922 Currie, Boy H., St. Paul, IfimL
1916 Currier. Albert Dean, Chicago, lU.
1918 Currier, Richard D., Newark, N. J.
1921 Gurry, Charles, Staunton, Va.
1920 Curry, Duncan, Staunton, Va.
1921 Ouiry, Grant, Pittsburgh. Penn.
1918,Curtia, Charles (Topeka, Kans.), Waah-
ington, D. O.
1922 Curtis, Charles P., Jr., Boston, Mass.
1921 Curtis, Edward Gllon, St Louis. Mo.
1911 Curtis, Frsnk C, Troy, N. Y.
1920 Curtis, H. Knox, Clereland, Ohio.
1806 Curtis, Harry a. Providence, R. L
1920 Curtis, Hsrry K.. Highlsnd Park. Mich.
1922 Curtis, J. W.,* San Bernardino, OaL
1920 Curtis, Leonard E., Colorado Springa.
Colo.
1921 Curtis, Leonard J., Tucson, Aria.
1907 Curtis. W. J., New York. N. Y.
1922 Curtis. Walter O., lAritxm, N. D.
1907 Curtis, Willism E., New York, N. Y.
1918 Gushing. C. 8., Ssn Francisco, Cat, '
1922 Gushing, George M., Boston, Maaai
1013 CushiniT, Grafton D., Boston. Msss.
1907 Gushing, Harry Alonao, New York, N. T.
1918 Gushing, G. K., Ssn Francisoo, OaL
1921 Gushing. Wsde, Cincinnati, Ohio.
1912 Cushman, A. V., Washington, D. C.
1908 Cushman, Edward B., Tacoma, WaA.
1019 Cushman. Henry O., Boston. MaaSb
1919 Cushmsn, Robert, Boston. Umm.
1018 Cushner. Meyer B., New York, N. T.
1921 Gushwa, George F., Baltimore, Md.
1021 Gusick, J. Fay, Paris, HL
1912 Gusick. John F., Bwton, Mass.
1018 Custer. George A., Loganspsrt, tni.
1919 Custer, W. V., Bpii^ridge, Ga.
1920 Cutchins, John A.. Richmond. Ts.
1918 Cuthbert, Frederic T., Duluth, Mian.
1922 Cuthell, Chester W., Ntw Tsric. H. T.
1920 Cutler, A. 8., New York, N. Y.
1922 Oitler, Fletdksr A., Bureka, OUL
ALPHABBtlCAL LIST OF IfBMBSBS.
n7
1019 Cutler, George C, Jr., Boston,
1021 CutUp, O. Guy, Wewoka, Okla.
1912 Cutter, John W., Clarkadale, Miai.
1016 eutten, C. P.. San Francisco, Cal.
1906 Cnttlnff, Charles S., Chicago, IlL
192» Outtinc, Victor Wfllard. New Tork,
N. T.
191S Cuvillier, Louis A., New York, N. T.
1S96 Cuyler, Thos. DeWitt, Philadelphia, Pa.
1921 Qypert, A. B., Little Rock, Ark.
1921 O^kl, Frederick II.. New York, N. Y.
1922 Oahney, L. M., Dallas, Tex.
1921 DaOosta, Oharlet F., Philadelphia, Penn.
1921 Daehler, Edward J.. Portsmouth, Ohio.
1922 Daggett, O. E., ICarianna, Ark.
1920 Daggett, J. B., Ifarianna. Ark.
1915 Daggett, Leonard M., New Haven, Conn.
1918 Dagnall, A. H.. Anderson. S. C.
1919 Dahlberg, Q. A., Chicago, HI.
1921 Dahlin, O. Edward, Chicago, 111.
1914 Dahlinger, Charfft W., Pittsburgh. Pa.
1912 Dahlman, Louis A.. Milwaukee, Wis.
1921 Dailey, John, Peoria. HI.
1918 Daily, Harry P., Fort Smith, Ark.
1920 Daily, Thomas A.. Indianapolis. Ind.
1918 Daix, Augustus F.. Jr., Philadelphia. Pa.
1921 Dale, Ben B., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1904 Dale, Horatio F., Des Moines, Iowa.
1918 Dale. W. Pratt, Louisrille. Ry.
1916 Daley, Daniel J., Berlin, N. H.
1918 Dall. Cornelius O., San Francisco. C^l.
1918 Dallinger, Frederick W., Washington,
D. a
1918 Dalton, Ctarter, High Point, N. 0.
1916 Dalton, O. C, Salem, Mo.
1920 Daltoai, Robert M.. Detroit. Mich.
1914 Dalton, Wm. Reid, Reidsville, N. C.
1921 Daly, Bernard J., New Orleans. La.
1921 Daly, Edward Q., Boston, MaM.
1907 Daly, Edward Hamilton, New York,
N. Y.
1920 Daly, Edward J., Hartford, Conn.
1922 Daly, Eugene V., New York, N. Y.
1918 Daly, James Martin, Philadelphia. Pa.
1912 Daly. Peter F., New Brunswick, N. J.
, 1914 Dalcell, John, Washington, D. C.
1914 Dalzell. William S., Pittsburgh. Pa.
1922 Dalziel, Arthur Y., New York. N. Y.
19S0 Dame. James R., St. Louis. Mo.
1921 Dammann, J. F., Jr.. Chicago. 111.
1921 Dammonn, liUlton. New York, N. Y.
1916 Damron, James. Williamson, W. Va.
1921 Dana, Charles Bates. New York. N. Y.
1916 Dana, J. W., Kansas City, Mo.
1916 Dana, John F., Portland, Me.
1918 Dana, Richard F., New Castle, Pa.
1921 Danaher, Cornelius J., Meriden. Conn.
1909 Danaher, Michael B., Ludington, Mich.
1920 Danaher, Palmer, Pine Bluff, Ark.
1912 D*Ancona, Edward N., Chicago. IlL
1021 Dancy, Oscar C, Brownsville, Tezaa.
1921 Dane, Walter A.. Boston, Ma8&
1911 Daney, Eugene, San Diego, Cal.
1012 Danforth. George J., Sioux Falls, B. D.
1920 Danhof, John J., Jr., Detroit, liicb.
1920 Daniel, A. O., Piedmont, Mo.
1920 Daniel, Charles L., Coming, Ark.
1916 Daniel, Claudius Erskine, Spartanlmrg,
S. C.
1917 Daniel, E. A., Jr., Washington, N. 0.
1916 Daniel. J. B.. Piedmont. Mo.
1922 Daniel, James N., Chipley, Fla.
1010 Daniel, Lee. Tulsa. OkU.
1021 Daniel, Richard P., Jacksonville, Fla.
1017 Daniel, Walter E., Weldon, N. C.
1018 Daniels. Earle M., Los Angeles. Cal.
1017 Daniels, F. A., Goldsboro. N. C.
1021 Daniels, Robert W., Chicago, 111.
}021 Dankowski. I. F., Chicago, 111.
1021 Dannals, Pier, Pittsburgh. Penn.
1013 Dannehower. William F., Norristow^.. Pa.
1021 Dannel, S. P., Loudon, Tenn.
1014 Dannenbaum, Henry J.. Hbuston, Texas.
1022 Dannenberg, Joseph, New York, N. Y.
1011 Danson. R. J.. Spokane. Wash.
1011 Danziger. Alfred David. New Orleans, La.
1018 Daoust. Edward C, Cleveland, Ohio.
1010 Darby, Phelps F., Evansville, Ind.
1017 Darby. Samuel E.. New York. N. Y.
1022 Darby, Thomas H., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1010 D»Arcy. Edward. St. Louis, Mo.
1017 Dargan. George E.. Darlington, S. C.
1021 Dargan. Woods. Darlin((ton, S. 0.
1022 Darley, Reginald C, Chicago, HL
1011 Darling. Charles K., Boston, Maas.
1021 Darling. Charles W., New York, N. Y.
lOSl Darling. Charlotte KeUe^. Kew Gardens,
L. I., N. Y.
1914 Darling. Thomas. Wilkes-Barre. Pa.
1022 Darlington. Barton. Los Angelea, CaL
1021 Darlington, Charles L., Xenia, Ohio.
1913 Darlinaiton, Geortre E.. Media. Pa.
1022 Darnell, George R., Tucson, Aria.
1022 Darnell, Wm. S.. Camden. N. J.
1021 Darr, Charles W., Washington. D. O.
1022 Darr. Earl A., New York, N. Y. '
1022 Darr, William T., Brookville, Pa.
1013 Darragh. Robert W.. Beaver. Pa.
1014 Darroch. William. Kentland, Ind.
1021 Darrow, Charles W., Glen wood Springs.
Col.
1012 Darrow. Frederick E. W., Saugertiea.
N. Y.
1022 Dart, Benjamin W., New Orleana, La.
1888 Dart, Henry P.. New Orleana. La.
1010 Dart, Henry P., Jr., New Orleans, La.
758
AKEBICAN HAS ASSOCIATION.
BLICTBD
1922 Dwt, John, New Orleaiis, La.
1821 Dart» Raymond H., Litchfield, Minn.
1021 Daafaew, Leon, New York. N. T.
1914 Danler. C. P. W., Leavenworth. Kans.
1922 Dasteel, J. Hart, San Jose, Gal.
1921 Daugherty, Harry M., Washington, D. 0.
1922 Daugherty, Normal R., Pittsburgh, Pa.
1922 D'Aotremont, Hubert H., Duluth, Minn.
1919 Davenport, C. J., Sapulpa, Okla.
1911 Davenport, Charles M., Boston, Maas.
1909 Davenport, Daniel, Bridgeport, Conn.
1921 Davenport, Holton, Sioux Falls, S. D.
1904 Davenport, James S.. Vinita, Okla.
1921 Davenport, Jesse, Woodbury, Tenn.
1922 Davenport, Kenneth H., Creston, Iowa.
1918 Davenport, Leroy B., Cleveland. Ohio.
1920 Davenport. William A., Greenfield. Maas.
1909 Davey, John C, New Orleans, La.
1920 David. Abe J., Elizabeth, N. J.
1906 David, Joseph B., Chicago, HI.
1919 David. Sigmund W., Chicago. HI.
1920 Davidow, Lazarus S., Detnoit, Mich.
1918 Davidson, B. R., Fayetteville. Ark.
1920 Davidson, Franklin O., Crawfordsville.
Ind,
1921 Davidson, George E.| East Liverpool,
Ohio.
1921 Davidson, John L., Chicago. HI.
1922 Davidson, Martin M., Chicago, HI.
1921 Davidson, Maurice P., New York, N. 7.
1912 Davidson, Robert F.. Indianapolis, Ind.
1906 Davidson, Samuel P., Tecumseh. Nebr.
1914 Davidson, Thomas E., Greensburg, Ind.
1921 Davies, L 0., Bismarck, N. D.
1917 Davies, James B., Shanghai, China.
1915 Davies. John B.. Twin Falls, Idsho.
1912 Davies, Joseph E., Washington. D. C.
1921 Davies, Samuel 8., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1917 Davies. William H.. St. Louis. Mo.
1914 Davlla, Felix Cordova, Washington,
D. C.
1919 Davila, Jose Martinez. San Juan. P. R.
1921 Davis, Abel, Chicago, III.
1918 Davis, Abrsham M., New York, N. Y.
1908 Davis, Albert G., SchnecUdy. N. Y.
1922 Davis, Alex, New York, N. Y.
1919 Dsvis, Allan, Pittsburgh, Pa.
1921 Davis, Arnold L., New York, N. Y.
1922 Davis, Arthur L., New York, N. Y.
1919 Davis, Arthur W.. Spokane. Wash.
1922 Davis, Aymer D., Eldora. Iowa.
1921 Davis. B. F., Wewoka, Okla.
1917 Davis. Benjamin F., Lancaster, Pa.
1921 Davis, Beverly A., Rockymount, Va.
1908 Davis, Erode B., Chicago, III.
1922 Davis, C W.. Le Moure. N. D.
'2917 Davis. Cary N., Huntington, W. Va.
1918 Davis. Charles A.. Burke, S. D.
1920 Davis. Charles B., St Louis, Mo.
1908
Davis,
1920
Davia,
1918
Davis,
1921
Davis,
1020
Davis,
1921
Davis,
1918
Davis,
1906
Davis,
1921
Davis,
1919
Davis.
1918
Davia,
1920
Davis,
1911
Davis,
1911
Davis,
1918
Davis,
1901
Davis,
1896
Davis,
1913
Davis,
19U
Dsvta,
1918
Davis,
1914
Davis.
1916
Davis,
1922
Davis,
1896
Davis,
1917
Davis,
1921
Davis,
1922
Davis,
1921
Davis,
1912
Davis,
1918
Davis,
1917
Davis,
1921
Davia,
1916
Davis,
1916
Davis,
1918
Davis,
1913
Davis,
1921
Davis,
1918
Davis.
1918
Davis.
1022
Davia,
1917
Davis,
1914
Davis,
1918
Davis,
1912
Davis,
1911
Davia,
1918
Davis,
N.
1895
Davis,
1921
Davis,
1922
Davis,
1914
Davia,
1906
Davis,
1918
Davis,
1899
Dsvis,
1920
Davis,
1912
Davis,
1902
Dsvis,
1918
Davis,
CXiarlea H., Petenri>urg, Va.
Charles 8., Honolulu, Hawaii.
Charles Thornton, Boston,
Clarence A., Lincoln, N^.
Clarence M., New York, N. T.
Clarence M., Ord, Neb. ,
Claude A., Ord, Nebr.
D. C. T., Jr., Charleston, W. Va.
E. W., Orlando, Fla.
Frank J., New York. N. Y.
George N., Wilmington, Del.
George W., Saginaw, Mick
Harold 8., Boston, Mass.
Harrison M., Bocton, Mass.
Harry A., Denver, OoL
Harry C, Denver, Colo.
Henry E., Washington, D. GL
Henry B., Florence, S. C.
Horace W., New York, N. T.
Hoy D., Gary, Ind.
Hugh W^Norfolk, Va.
J. Warrel; Trenton, N. J.
Jamea A., New York, N. Y.
Jamca 0., Washington, D. 0.
James Mercer, Mount Holly. N. J.
John a. Battle Greek, Mich.
John F., San Frandaoo, CaL
John M., Wartburg, Tenn.
John W., New York, N. Y.
John W., OreenAurg, Kana.
Joseph T., St Louia. Mo.
L. Orary, Pomeroy, Ohio.
Lawrence B., Indianapolis. Ind.
Lecompte, Los Angeles. Cal.
M. M., Reynoldsville, Pa.
Manton, St. Louis. Mo.
Miller, Terre-Haute, Ind.
Paul G., Indianapolis, Ind.
Robert O.. Providence. R. L
Robert M., Tocson, Aria.
Robert W., Southport, N. C.
Ssmuel. Marahsll. Mo.
Samuel. Boston, Maas.
Samuel Allan, Danbury, Conn.
Staige, Charleston, W. Vs.
Stephen B.. Jr., East Lss Tegaa.*
M.
Sydney B., Terre Hante, Ind.
T. J., Butte, Mont.
T. W., Blytheville, Ark.
Thomas A., Orange, N. J.
Thomas W., Wilmington, N. O.
Tom, Minneapolis, Minn.
Vernon M., New York. N. f.
W. Jefferson, San Diego, CaL
Walter M., Iowa City, Iowa.
Walter W., New York, N. T.
William A., Philadelphia, Fi.
ATiPKABBTIOAL LIST OF KHMBEB8.
759
1917
im
ms
1918
1909
1914
1922
1911
1922
1918
1922
1914
1918
1897
1916
1921
1901
1918
1916
1914
1918
1897
1916
1906
1918
1916
1920
1920
1922
1914
1921
1921
1918
1914
1920
1921
1918
1902
1918
un
1921
1919
1922
1919
1912
1906
1017
1916
1914
Iflll
DaYli, WflUaiB O., Jaaper, Alt.
Davla, WlUian a, New York, N. T.
DftTia, William H., Los Aocelei, OtL
Davis, WUliam O.. VemUlei, K7.
DsTia, Wm. Potter, Jr., Philadelphia,
Pa.
Davis, Wm. Ralph, New York, N. T.
Davis. William T., Pineville, Kj.
Davison, Alfred T., New York, N. Y.
Davison, O. W., San Jose, Oal.
Davison. Clarence S., Tarrytown. N. Y.
Davison, George Mark, Vancouver, Wash.
Davison, Thomas L., Ripon, Wis.
Davison, Walter O.. Riveraide. CaL
Davisson. Oscar P., Dayton, Ohio.
Dawea, Hamilton M., New York, N. Y.
Dawkins, Walter I., Baltimore, Md.
Dawley, F. P.. Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
Dawaon, Charles L, Frankfort, Ky.
Dawson, Clyde C, Denver, Colo.
Dawson, John t3., Kinston, N. 0.
Dawson, J. M., Kahoka, Mo.
Dawaon, John S., Topeka, Kans.
Dawson. Miles M., New York, N. Y.
Dawaon, William H., Baltimore, Md.
Day, David S.. Bridgeport, Conn.
Day, E. C. Helena, Mont
Day. Edward M., Hartford, Conn.
Day, George W., Kansas City, Mo.
Day, H. Frederick, New Haven, Conn.
Day, Jean P., Oklahoma City. Okla.
Day, Leonard, New York, N. Y.
Day, Luther, Cleveland, Ohio.
Day, Robert H., Oanton, Ohio.
Day, Rufua 8., Washington, D. O.
Day, Sherman, New York, N. Y.
Day, Stephen Albion, Chicago, HI.
Day, Thomas W., Detroit, Mich.
Day. Vernon. Anthony, Kan.
Day, William L., Cleveland. Ohio.
Day, William R. (Canton, Ohio), Wash-
ington, D. C.
Dayton, Arthur S., Phllippi, W. Va.
Deacon, Charles J., Oedar Rapids, Iowa.
Deacy, Thomas E., Kansas City. Mo.
De Aguno. Miguel B.. New York. N. Y.
Deahl, John L., San Francisco, Cal.
De Aldrey, Pedro, San Juan, P. R.
Dealtry, Clarence W., B« ston. Mass.
Dean, Arthur M., Redding, Cal.
Dean, Charles Ray. Washington, D. C.
Dean, George C, New York, N. Y.
Dean, H. H., Glenwood City, Wis.
Dean, James R., Lincoln, Nebr.
Dean, John A., Jr., Owensboro, Ky.
Dean, John 8., Topeka, Kans.
Dean, Josiah S., Boston, Mass.
DSAB, Oliver R., Kansas City, Mo.
1916 Dean, Paul Dudley, Boston, Msss.
1920 Dean, Robert A., Wsshington, D. 0.
1920 Dean, Thompson, New Haven, Conn.
1918 DeAngelis, P. C. J., Utlca, N. Y.
1922 Dear, Arthur T., Jersey Olty, N. J.
1916 Dearborn, Joaiah. Springfield, Mass.
1920 Dearing, E. M., Potosi, Mo.
1922 Dearing, Milton M., Fresno, Oal.
1920 Dearmont, Russell Lee, Cape Girardeau,
Mo.
1907 Deasy, Luere B.; Bar Harbor, Me.
1918 Deaton, S. &. Urbana, Ohio.
1918 Deavitt, F^ward H.. Montpelier, Vt
1920 Deavours, Bums M., Laurel, Miss.
1921 DcBaillon. Dan, Ufeyette. La.
1922 De Bettenoourt, Jose L., San Fraaciseo,
Oal.
1907 Debevolse, Thomas M., New York, N. Y.
1918 De Bow, J. D. B., Nsshville, Tenn.
1917 De Busk, Lewis F., Middlesbort>. Ky.
1918 DeOamp, Walter A., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1917 Decker, Charles A., New York, N. Y.
1916 Decker, Oliver J., Williamsport. Pa.
1918 Decker, Victor A.. Hawley. Pa.
1922 Deeker, William 8., Jerwy City. N. J.
1910 DeCourcy, Charles A., Boston, Msss.
1918 Dedmon, Perry G., Fort Worth, Tex.
1921 Dee, MIchsel F., New York, N. Y.
1918 Deemer, Wm. Russell. Williamsport. Pa.
1918 Deering, Frank P., San Francisco. Oal.
1921 Deering, Jamea H., San Francisco, CU.
1916 Deeter, Paxson. Philsdelphia, Pa.
1921 Delfenbaugfa. James 8., Lsncsster. Ohio.
1922 DeFoe, Frederick W., New York, N. Y.
1918 DeFord, U. C. Youngstown, Ohio.'
1921 DeForest, J. G., Sen Frandsoo, OaL
1921 DeForest, Robert G., Bridgeport, Conn.
1914 DeForest, Robert W., New York, N. Y.
1919 DeFrees, Donsld, Chicago, HI.
1908 Defrees, Joseph H., Chicago, HI.
1918 deFriese, Lsfayette H. {New York,
N. Y.), London, Eng.
1922 De Oarmo, G. C. Los Angdes. OhI.
1922 Degnan, J. E., Loa Angeles, Oal.
1922 Dehm. W. H., Los Angeles, Oal.
1922 Dehy, William D., Independence, Oal.
1907 Deiches. Maurice, New York. N. Y.
1918 De Ksiser. Jscob. Cleveland. 0*t<n.
1922 Dekle, Lebbeus, Thomasville. Ga.
1912 DeKnight, Clarence W., Waahington.
D. C.
1908 DeLacy. William H., Washington, D. O.
1913 Delafleld. FredeHck P.. New York, N. Y.
1922 Delafleld. Joseph L.. New York, N. T.
1914 Delsfleld. Lewis L., New York. S. T
1922 Delafleld, Lewis L., Jr., New York.
N. Y.
1922 De La Haba, Gabriel, Ban Juan, P. R.
760.
AM£BIOAN BAB A6800IATIOir.
iifx*» DeLsmatre, Clayton Wm.. Omaha, Nebr.
1922 DeLap, T. H., Richmond, Oal.
1921 Oe La Vergne, Hughes J.» New Orleaaa,
La.
1921 DeLaVergne, Jamea P., Woodbavenj
N. Y.
1918 Delehanty. FrancU B.. New York, N. Y.
1921 Delehanty, James A., New York, N. Y.
1914 Delehanty. John A.. Albany, N. Y.
1919 Delarado, Francisco A.. Manila, P. h
1922 DeLigne, A. A.. San Frandaco. CU.
1922 Delle, 0. 0., RoUe, Iowa.
1907 Delle, Lee C, Yakima, Wash.
1921 Delle, M. C, Yakima, Wash.
1921 Dellenback, William H.. Chicago, III.
1921 DeLorenzo, William, Hackenaack, N. J.
1921 De Lucas, Clarence, New Orleans, La.
1922 Derobe, U. B., Baynnne, N. J.
1918 DeMeules. Edgar A., Tulaa. Okla.
1921 DeMi;io, Dorian, New York, N. Y.
1910 Deming, John B.. Baltimore, Md.
1921 De Ifoe, Earl W., Chicago, 111.
1918 De^ond, Fred. C, Concord, N. H.
1921 Demos, Paul, Chicago, 111.
1922 De Ifov, Jacob S., New York, N. Y.
1917 Dempsey. Edward J., Cincinnati. Ohio.
1919 Dempaey, Ernest C, Cleveland. Ohio.
1919 Dempsey, John B., Cleveland. Ohio.
1910 Dempsey. Ralph. Pekin, 111.
1920 Dempaey, Raymond C, Antigo, Wia.
1897 Deneen, Charles S., Chicago, HI.
1888 Den^gre. George, New Orleana. La.
1921 D<>nesTe. James D.. St. Paul. Minn.
1891 Den^gre. Walter D., New Orleana. La.
1922 Denham, Lewis, Elgin, Ore.
1918 Denhard. Augustus M.. Baltimore, Md.
1922 Denio, B. C, Long Beach, OaL
1919 DenIo, F. Winchester. Boston. Mass.
1920 Denious, Wilbur F., Denver, Colo.
1910 Denis. George J., Los Angeles, Cal.
1895 Denison. Arthur C, Grand Rapids, Mich.
1901 Denison, Howard P., Syracuse, N. Y.
1916 Deniaon, Robert F., Qeveland, Ohio.
1914 Denman, Frederick H., New York. N. Y.
1911 Denman, U. O., Toledo, Ohio.
1912 Denman. William. San Francisco. CaL
1922 Dennett, Lewia L., Modesto, Cal.
1914 Denney, Charles H., Fairbury, Nebr.
1916 Denning, Clarence P., Chicago, 111.
1914 Denning, J. Henry, San Francisco, Cal.
1921 Dennis, Edward C, Darlington, S. C.
1904 Dennia, James U.. Baltimore, Md.
1912 Dennis, Jerry, Columbus, Ohio.
1914 Dennis, Samuel K., Baltimore, Md.
1918 Dennis, William Cullen, Waahington,
D. C.
ItU Dennison, C. 8., Pittsburg, Kansas,
mt Dciaiaon. John H., Denver, Calsw
itfvAS Dennison, Joseph A., Boston, Utm,
1919 Denpy, Harmar D., Jr., Pittsburgh. Pn.
1919 Deni^y, Herbert C, Gallup, N. M.
1914 Denny, J. H., Glasgow, Mo.
1914 Denny, James W., Baltimore. Md.
1917 Denson, N. D., Opelika, Ala.
1920 Denson, Paine, Cullman, Ala.
1913 Dent, Louia L., Chicago, UL
1916 Dent, R. L.. VicksbuxY. Miss.
1904 Dent, 8. Hubert, Jr., Montgomery, Ala.
1S88 Dent, Thomas, Chicago, IlL
1914 Denu, Albert R., Rapid City, 8. D.
1918 Denvir, John B., Jr., St. Louis, Mo.
1896 Depew, Chaunccy M., New York, N. Y.
1920 Depew, Harold. Elisabeth, N. J.
1921 De Paw. Joseph W., Bloomington, IlL
1922 Depuy, H. C, Grafton, N. D.
1921 Derby, 8. Haakett, San Frandaco, Oal.
1922 Demham, Monte A., San Prandsoo, Onl.
1914 DeRoy, Irvin E., San Frandaco, Oal.
1913 Derr, Cynis O., Reading. Pa.
1914 De Santla, Anthony 8., Los Angeles, OaL
1918 Desbecker, Louis E., Buffalo, N. Y.
1921 Dessouslsvy, A. P., San Francisco, Oal.
1908 de Steiguer, George E., Seattle. Wash.
1920 Desvemine, Raoul E., New York, N. Y.
1921 Deutach, Bernard S., New York, N. Y.
1906 Deutach, Henry, Minneapolia, Minn.
1920 Deutschman, Archie J., Chicago, IIL
1916 De Vane. Doeier A., New York, N. Y.
1921 Devaney, Thomas, Langdon, N. D.
1920 DeVault Walter D., Knoxville, Tenn.
1902 Devecmon, William C, Cumberland, Md.
1922 Devin, Joseph F , Los Angeles, OaL
1915 DeVine, J. H., Ogden, Utah.
1921 Devine, Milea J., Chicago, 111.
1906 Devine, Thomaa H., Pueblo, Colow
1918 Devitt, James A., Osksloosa. Iowa.
1901 Devitt, John F., Muscatine, Iowa.
1919 Devitt, Wm. Charles, Ashland, Pa.
1922 Devlin, Frank R., San Frandaco, OaL
1913 Devlin, Jamea H., Brighton, Mass.
1922 Devlin, Robert T., Sacramento, OaL
1922 Devlin, Wm. H., Sacramento, OaL
1921 Devoe. Robert W., Lincoln, Neb.
1918 Devor, WillUm T., Ashland. Ohio.
1913 DeVore, J. W., Edgefield, S. C
1922 Devoto, Anthony, 8an Frandaco, OaL
1914 DeVries, Marion (Waahington. D. a),
Lodi, Cal.
1920 Dewberry, Joe T., Tulaa, Okla.
1922 Dewey, Franda H., Jr., Worcester, Umm.
1916 Dewey, Leo Asa, Washington, D. C
1918 Dewey, W. Chapman, Memphis, Tena.
1913 Dewhurst, Wm. W., St. Augustine, Fin.
1922 DeWitt, Benjamin P.. New York. N. T.
1921 DeWitt, Clyde Alton, Manila. P. L
1914 DeWitt, John H., NaahvlUa.
AunLAiancAL ugr ow KBinims.
761
1918
Ifll
ins
1919
1919
un
1918
i9n
1988
1906
1918
1919
1918
1919
1919
1921
19n
1909
1918
1916
1908
19tt
1918
1906
1884
1919
1906
1918
1914
1916
19tl
1918
un
1911
1918
19n
1914
un
1981
1907
1920
un
1912
ini
in6
Dent, Rfcbtrd P., Na«bvlUe, Tttn.
Dtztcr, Fnaids H.. Sab Juui. P. E.
Dnter, Jottph P., 8. Framinffham, MaHi
Dexter, Philip, Boeton, Mim.
Dey, Ben C, Portland, Ore.
Dcjo^ linel T., Blnghanton, N. T.
De Touny, Frederic R., Cbfeago. IB.
Diamond, Jacob L., New York, N. T.
Diamond, T. B., Sheldon, Iowa.
Dibble, Oliver, San Franciaco, Oal.
Dibblee, Albert J., San Franeiaeo, Oal.
Dibell, Homer B., St. Paul. Minn.
Dibrell, J, B., Seguin. Texas.
Dick, Homer T., Ohieairo, ni.
Dick, Lewli A., Denver, Oolo.
Dick, Lewli R., Philadelphia, Pa.
Dickennft, Robert C, Hartford. Conn.
Dlckerman, Fnink E., ^Boston, Uaaa.
DickerMn, Eugene 0., Roanoke. Va.
Dlckeraon, R. T., Oindnnatf. Ohio.
Dickey, J. If., St. Paul. Minn.
Dicker. John, Jr., Philadelphia, Pa.
Dickir, Joseph 8., Jr., Henrietta, Texaai
Dickey, Lyle A., Lihoe, Hawaii.
Dickey, Nellie, Aihland. Ore.
Dicklnaon, Charfea, Boeton. Mana.
Dickinaon, H. D., Minneapollfl, Minn.
Dickinson, J. M.. Chicago, 111.
Dickinson^ J. M., Jr., Chicago, HI.
Dickinaon, John R., Chicago, HI.
Dickinaon, O. B., Philadelphia, Pa.
Dickinson. O. P., Wilaon. N. C.
Dickaon. Arthur O., Philadelphia. Pa.
DIckaoB, Bnmett M., Paris, Ky.
Dickson, Frederick N.. St. Paul. Minn.
Dickson, George C.,' Boaton, Mao.
Dickaon, J. L., Hugo, Okla.
Dickson, Joseph, Jr., St. Louis. Mo.
Dickaon, William H., Loa Angelea, OaL
Dickatein, Samuel. New York, N. Y.
Diehm, Walter, St. Louis, Mo.
Dierkcr, Obai'lei B., Shawnee, Okla.
Diemen, Oeorge B., Ohicago, III.
Dietrich Frank a, Boiae. Idaho.
Dietrich, Roy K., Kanaas City, Mo.
Diets, Qyrua B., Moline, HI.
Dietz, Nirhnlas. Rnooklvn. N. Y.
Dignan, Thomas, Glasgow, Mont.
Digney, Charles A., Dorchester Center,
1918
i9n
1919
1887
1894
]n8
Digney, John M., White Plaina, N. Y.
Dill, Lewia G., Waverly, Ohio.
Dillard, F. C, Sherman. Texaa.
Dillard, Herbert Naah, Rockymouat, Va.
Dllhnrd, John H., Murphy. N. C.
DHlaway, W. B. L., Boston. Mass.
Dille, John I., Minneapolis, Minn.
DUllncer, Dallas, Jr., Allentown, Pa.
1928 Dillinger, John L., Avoca, Iowa.
1917 Dillingham, Frank A., New York, N. Y.
1910 Dillon, C. W., FayetteviUe, W. Va.
1917 Dillon, John, Lander, Wyo.
ms Dillon, Richard J.. Loa Angeles, OtL
1918 Dillon, Sidney J., Dea Moines, Iowa.
1918 Dillon, William, Castle Rock. Colo.
1921 Dillon, William H., Ohicago, IlL
19n Dillon. William T., Holyoke. Mass.
1918 Dil worth. Read G., Coronado, Cal.
1914 Dilworth. W. A.. HasHngs, Nebr.
1922 Dimin, Hany, New York, N. Y.
19n Dimock, Edward J., New York, N. Y.
ms Dimock, Warren, Menno, & D.
1080 Dimond, Arthur J., Valdes, Alaska.
1896 Dines, Tyson S., Denver, Colo.
1918 Dinkel«pie], Henry Q. W., San Francisco,
Cal.
19n Dinkle, Rufus &, Ofttlettiburg, Ky.
1921 Dinamore, Frank F., OIncinnati, OMo.
1911 DImberfrer. M. F., Jr., Buffalo, K. Y.
19n Diakin, Michael A., Reno, Kev.
1921 Dismukes, M. L., Nstchitoches, U.
1921 Ditchbume, Hsrry S., Ohicago, HI.
1911 Dittenhoefer, Irving M., New York.
N. Y.
1921 Ditxen. Paul H., Kansas Oity, Kan.
m4 Dlvely^ Augustus V., Altoona, Pa.
1913 Diven, Alexander &. Elmira, N. Y.
1906 Divetr A. G., Fargo. N. D.
mo Dix, George O., Terre Haute, Ind.
ion Dixon, Edward T., Cincinnati, Ohia
1921 Dixon, Oeorge 0.. Dixon, 111.
ion Dixon, Oeorge W., Ohicago, IlL
1916 Dixon, Henry S.. Dixon, IlL
1918 Dixon, Huaton, Trenton, N. J.
1920 Dixon, J. Kelly, Talladrga, Ala.
1920 Dixon. N. Walter, Denver, Colo.
1919 Dixon, Royden, Memphis. Tenn.
1921 Dixon, Simeon W., Ohicago, lU.
1920 Dixon,* Thomaa J., Denver, Cola
1916 Dixon, William W.. Chicago, IlL
1021 Doane, Benjamin H., New York. N. Y.
1928 Dobbina, B. W., Fairfield, Gal.
19n Dobbina, Donald Claude, Champaign,
m.
1914 Dobler, John J., Baltimore. Md.
19n Dobson, Alfred P., Portland. Oreg.
1912 Dofasun, Harvey O., Brooklyn, N. Y.
1018 Dobyns, Fletcher. Chicago, 111.
1022 Docker, Fraderick W., Fresno. Oal.
19V.9 IXickweiler, Isidore B., Los Angeles. CaL
1018 Dockweiler, Thomaa A. J., Loa Angelea.
Cal.
1919 Dodd, Austin S.. Clarksville, Tex.
1014 Dodge, Ernest C, St. I^uls, Mo.
1922 Dodge, Frank H., Little Rock, Ark.
1911 Dodge, Frank L.. Lanaing, Midu
762
AKSBICAN BAB A8800IATI0N.
906
801
919
91S
918
911
902
919
920
912
906
918
919
921
920
921
921
921
912
090
922
921
921
922
916
922
918
91^
918
918
912
921
906
921
919
911
922
918
921
904
907
918
911
922
922
921
917
922
918
920
920
921
1928
1907
Dodffe, Pred B., KinoMpQlIf, If tan.
Dodg«; Frederic, Boston, IUh.
Dodge, Harrii B., Parkersburg, W. Va.
Dodg«, Horace A., Waahiogton, D. 0.
Dodge. Loula L., Minneapolis, ICinn.
Dodge. Robert G., Boston, Maas.
Dodge, WillUm W., Washington, D. 0.
Doe, Orestes T., Franlclln, Mass.
Doetacfa, Felix A., Detroit, M%h.
Doerfler, Christian, Madison, Wis.
Doggett, John L., Jacksonville, Fls.
Dohan, James M., Pbilsdelphia, Pa.
Doherty, Bernard A., Fall River, Maas.
Doberty, Frank P., Los Angeles, Gal.
Doberty, J. Joseph, Concord, N. H.
Doherty, M. J., St. Paul, Minn.
Dolan, Charles J., St. Louis, Mo.
Dolan, Harry F. R., Boston, Mass.
Dolan, James C. Gk)uvemeur, N. T.
Dolan, Michael D., Chicago, ill.
Doland, Theresa, Detroit, Mich.
Dole, Edward J., Petaluma. Cal.
Dolle. Charles F.. Cincinnati. Ohio.
Dolle, Louis J., Cincinnati, Ohio.
Dolley, Stephen B., Oastonia, N. C.
Dolman. John E., St. Joseph, Mo.
Donahue, Charles L., Portlsnd, Me.
Donshue, Frank Rogers, Philiadelphia,
Pa.
Donahue, Joseph Joyce, Boston, Mass.
Donahue, Maurice H., Columbus, Ohio.
Donahue. William H., Oakland, Cal.
Donald, Malcolm, Boston, Msss.
Donaldson, Matthew J., Pittsburgh.
Penn.
Donaldson, R. Golden, Washington, D. C
Dones, Hieatt S., Columbus, Ohio.
Donnell, E. B., West Palm Beach. Fla.
Donnell. Forrest C, St. Louis, Mo.
Donnellan, George L., New York, N. Y.
Donnelly, CharlfS. St. Paul« Minn.
Donnelly, E. E., Bloomington, HI.
Donnelly, Edward A., Baltimore. Md.
Donnelly, Henry D.. New York, N. Y.
Donnelly, James F., New York, N. Y.
Donnelly, John C, Detroit, Mich.
Donnelly, John E., New York, N. Y.
Donnelly, M. J., Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
Donnelly, Stan. D., St. Paul. Minn.
Donohoe, Thomas J., Cordova, Alaska.
Don<Aue, Emmett I., Petaluma, Cal.
Donovan, Charles H., Canton, Pa.
Donovan, Joseph C, Concord. N. H.
Donovan, Joseph L., Ellicott City, Md.
Donovan, William H., Washington,
D. O.
Dooworth, .Charles T.» Seattle, Wash.
Donworth, Clement B., Machias, Me.
1908 'Don worth,. George, Seattle, Wash.
1918 Donaelmann, Hugo, Cheyenne, Wyo.
1981 Doody, Benjamin F., New York, N. Y.
1912 Doocy, Edward, Pittsfleld; Ul.
1903 Doolan, John C, Louisville, Ky.
1918 Dooley* Edward J., Brooklyn, N. Y.
1921 Dooley, Vincent P., New Haven, Com.
1921 Dooling, Maurice T., Jr., San FraDciseo,
1914 Doolittle, H. J.. Cleveland. Ohio.
1914 Doom, D. H., Austin, Texas.
1911 Doran, James P., New Bedford, Maas.
1922 Doran, niomas F., Topeka, Kans.
1918 Dore, Clsude, Brooklyn, M. Y.
1922 Dore, John F., Seattle, Waah.
1913 Doremua, Cornel iua, Ridgewood, N. J.
1918 Dorival, Charles .A., Caledonia, Minn.
1918 Dorman, William B., Lynn, Maas.
1912 Dorman, William R., New York, N. T.
1921 Dom, WinAeld, San Francisco, CaL
1921 Domette, Charles E.. Cincinnati, Ohio.
1921 Domette, George A., dncinnati, Ohio.
1010 Dorr. Dudley H., Boston, Mass.
1922 Dorr, Frederick W., Stn Frandaco, OaL
1918 Dorris, John D., Hontingdon, Pa.
1906 Dorsey, Clayton C, Denver, Colo.
1921 Dorsey, J. W., San Frandaeo, GaL
1916 Dorsey, Jsmes A., Beaton, Maa.
1916 Dorsey, Vernon M., Waahington, D. O.
1916 Dortch, W. R., Gadsdenf Alabama.
1914 Dorton, Frederick T., Baltimore, Md.
1922 DosPaasos, Cyril F., New Yotk, K. T.
1981 Doty, William S.. PlttAurgh, Penn.
1902 Doub, Albert A., Cumberland, Md.
1922 Doud, A. L., DesTer, Colo.
1920 Dougherty, Edward P., Dallaa, Tax.
1918 Dougherty, J. R., Bceville, Texaa.
1919 Dougherty. M. J. G., Meaa, Aria.
1920 Dougherty, P. W.. Webster, & D.
1916 Dougherty, William H., Janecrille, Wis.
1919 Doughty. George L., Jr., Aeconac, Va.
1913 Douglas, Archibald, New York, N. T.
1911 Douglas. Charles A., WsabiagtoB. D. OL
1922 Douglas. J. Franklin. San Fnndsoo.
Gal.
1913 Douglas, Lee, Nashville, Tenn.
1922 Douglas, Malcolm, Seattle, Wash.
1921 Douglas, Martin F., Greenaboro, N. O.
1916 Douglas. R. L., St. Joseph, Mo.
1921 Douglas, Rey O., Kansaa Oily, Mo.
1921 Douglas, Robert D., Oreeori>oro, N. O.
1909 Douglas, Samuel T., Detroit, Mldu
1019 Douglas, Walter C, Jr., Philadelphia.
Pa.
1910 Douglas, William W., Providence, E. L
1921 Douglass, L W., Maxwell, Iow».
1920 Douglaas, W. H., St Louis, Mo.
1921 Dove, F. R., ShelbjvlU^ OL
ALFHABBTICAL U8T OF MKMBSB8.
763
■LBOTSD
1921 Dovell, Ashton, Williamsburg, V«.
1922 Dow, Fayette B., Wuhington, D. 0.
1922 Dow, Frederick N., Portland. Me.
1919 Dow, Harry A., Chicago. 111.
1920 Dow, Harvey D., Sedalla, Mo.
1917 Dow, Hiram M., Roawell. N. M.
1920 Dow, Robert C, Carlsbad. N. M.
1922 Dow, W. A., San Francisco, Oal.
1922 Dowd, Menryn R., San Francisco, Cal.
1918 Dowd, Thomaa H., Salanunca, N. Y.
1922 Dowdell, Orabam. San Antonio, Texas.
1920 Dowden, Samuel, Indianapolis, Ind.
1921 Dowe, George M.. New York. N. Y.
1900 Dowell. Arthur E., Washington, D. O.
lan DoweU, Edward E., Pana, IlL
1902 Dowell, JulUn C, Washington, D. G.
1918 Dowell, Oacood H., Chicago, HI.
1915 Dowling, James L., Moultrie, Ga.
1920 Dowling, Noel T., Minneapolis. Minn.
1918 Dowling, Victor J., New York, K. Y.
1922 Dowling, William L., Madison, Nebr.
1914 Downer, Frank M., Jr., Denver. Colo.
1918 Downer, George 8., Albuquerque, N. M.
1018 Downes, J. M. N., Buckhannon, W. Va.
1921 Downes, Joanna E., Chicago, 111.
1914 Downey, Francis C, Kansas City, Mo.
1919 Downie. E. B.. Little Rock, Ark.
1918 Downing, Charles H., Philadelphia, Pa.
1922 Downing^ W. O.. Fayetteville. N. C.
1022 Downing, William &, San Francisco,
Oal.
1022 Downs, Henry 0., Oxnard, Oal.
1012 Dowse, William B. H.. Boston, Mass.
1022 Dozsee, J. W., Monticello. Iowa.
1022 Doyle, Clyde, Long Beach, Oal.
1021 Doyle, Oomelius J., Springfield, m.
1010 Doyle, Edward Andrew, Chicago, III.
1021 Doyle, John B., New York, N. Y.
1028 Doyle, Leo J., Chicago, 111.
1800 Doyle, Louis F., New York, N. Y.
1018 Doyle. Michael Francis, Philadelphia. Pa.
1016 Doyle, Michael J., Menominee, Michigan.
1020 Doyle, Sidney E., Detroit. Mick.
1018 Doyle. T. J., Lincoln, Nebr.
1017 Doyle, T. L., Fond du Lac, Wis.
1021 Doyle, Warren, New Orleans, La.
1010 Doyle, William A., Chicago, 111.
1921 Doyle. William T., Sioux Falls, S. D.
1022 Doder, Thonws B., Jr., San Francisco,
Oal.
1014 Drain, James A., Washington, D. C.
1020 Drake. Earl F., Phoenix, Aria.
1022 Drake, Hugh A., Kearney, Neb.
1022 Drapeau, L. C, Ventura, Oal.
1016 Drayton, Charles D., Washington, D. O.
1018 Drceben, Israel L. (Dallas, Texas), New
York, N. Y.
loss Dreher, Fred L., San FModsco, Oal.
BLBCTBD
1022 Dreiluss, Leon, Detroit, Mich.
1922 Dreifuas, Maurice. Detroit, Mich.
1021 Dreiske, George J., Chicago, 111.
1010 Drenning, Frank G., Topeka, Rans.
1022 Drescher, Alexander S.. Brooklyn, N. Y.
1016 Dresser, Frank F., Worcester, Mass.
1021 Dresser, Jasper Marion, Chicago, 111.
1016 Dressier, Wymer, Omaha, Nebr.
1022 Drew, A. M., Fresno, Osl.
1022 Drew, Frank C, San Frandsoo, Oal.
1014 Drew, Harold E., Derby, Conn.
1020 Drew, Walter, Milwaukee. Wis.
1922 Drewen, John F., Jr., Jersey Olty, N. J.
1919 Drewry, P. H., Petersburgh, Va.
1922 Drews, Qustav, New York, N. Y.
1921 Dreyfous, Felix J., New Orleans, Ls.
1921 Dreyfous, George A., New Orleans, Ls.
1913 Drinker, Henry S., Jr., Philadelphia. Pa.
1921 Drinnon, James L., Morristown, Tenn.
1P18 Driscoll, D. J., St. Mary's, Pa.
1922 Driscoll, M. L., Pasco, Wash.
1922 Driver, Samuel M., Watervitle. Wash.
1922 Drobisch, Walter E., flan Francisco. Oal.
1921 Drucker, Henry M., Chicago, ill.
1921 Druffel, John H., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1922 Drum, John S., San Franciaco, OaL
1920 Drury, Alfred L.. Kenosha. Wia.
1004 Drvden. John N., Kearney, Nebr.
1922 Dryer, George W., Los Angeles, Oal.
1919 Drysdale, Hugh P., N. Adams. Mass.
1922 Duane, Patrick J., Waltham, Mass.
1896 Duane, Russell, Philadelphia. Pa.
1922 Duane, Walter H., San Francisco, Oal.
1906 Dubbs, Henry A., Denver, Colo.
1921 Dubbs, John W., Mendota, III.
1921 Duberstein, Samuel 0., New York. N. Y.
1920 Dubinsky, Carl M., St. Louis, Mo.
1022 Dubois, Frank V., Spokane, Wash.
1009 Dubuisson, E. B., Opelousas, La.
1911 Dubuque, Hugo A., Fall River, Mass.
1900 Duchamp, Charles A., New Orleans, La.
1015 Ducker, Edward A., Carson City, Nev.
1017 Dudley, Fred W.. Port Henry, N. Y.
1908 Dudley, Frederick M., Seattle, Wash.
1919 Dudley, Herbert J., Calaia, Me.
1918 Dudley, J. B., Oklahoma City. Okla.
1918 Dudley, Joseph G., BuflPalo, N. Y.
1922 Duell, Charles A., New York, N. Y.
1917 Duell. Holland 8., New York, N. Y.
1019 Duir, J. A., Coniell, Okla.
1914 Duffey, Edwin, Cortland, N. Y.
1907 Dufileld, Edward D., Newark, N. J.
1016 Duflln, James R., Louisville, Ky.
1014 Duffy, Edward, Baltimore, Md.
1014 Duffy, Henry. Baltimore, Md.
1012 Duffy, James P. B., Rochester, N. Y.
1021 Duffy, Joseph P.. Terre Haute, Ind.
1006 Dufoar, H. Oeneres, New Orleans. La.
764
AKXBIGAN BAB A6800IATIOV*
1906 Dttfoor, William C, New OrleuM, La.
1920 DuftOD, Donald E., Jobntown* Pa.
1904 Dugan, Patrick C, Albany. N. T.
1922 Duggan, Fred S., Spokane, Waah.
1915 Dugro, KranciB A., New York, N. Y.
1921 DuHadway, F. A.. Hardin, IlL
1922 Duke, B. T. W., Jr., Obarlotteaville, Va.
1913 Dulaney, A. D., Aabdown, Ark.
1919 Dulaney, J. W., Tunica, Miaa.
1919 Dula, W. H., Dallas. Tex.
1921 Dulsky, Louia, Chicago, HI.
1921 Dulaky, Samuel, Chicago, 111.
1908 Dumont, Wayne, Patenon, N. J.
1919 Dunbar, David O., Chicago, 111.
1917 Dunbar, Frank C, Columbua, Ohio.
1921 Dunbar, JesM T., Norwalk, Conn.
1914 Dunbar, Ralph W., Boaton, Mass.
1911 Dunbar, William H., Boaton, Ifaaa.
1921 Dunbaugh, Harry J., Chicago, IlL .
1917 Duncan, Frank I.. Towson, Md.
1921 Duncan, H. R., Pawhuaka, Okla.
191d Duncan, Harry C, Tavarea, Fla.
1917 Duncan, J. F., Beaufort, N. C.
1921 Duncan, Jamea S., Greenaboro, N. O.
1916 Duncan. Oacar D., New York. N. V.
1918 Duncan, Tracy H., Cleveland. Ohio.
1921 Duncan, W. M., Klamath Falls, Greg.
1916 Duncan. William M., Cleveland. Ohio.
1922 Duncombe, Herbert S., New York, N. Y.
1914 Dundon. Denis. Paris, Ry.
1921 Dunham, B. M., Frcdonia. Ran.
1922 Dunham, Frank C, Pasadena, Oal.
1921 Dunham, George W., Manchester, Iowa.
1921 Dunlap. Anthony B., Cincinnati. Ohio.
1922 Dunlap, Boutwell, San Francisco, CaL
191 5 Ihinlap. R. F., Htnton. W. Va.
1922 Dunlap. Thomas S., Cleveland, Ohio.
1903 Dunlop, 0. Thomas, Washington, D. O.
1913 Dunmore, Walter T.. Cleveland, Ohio.
1914 Dunn, Charles J.. Orono. Me.
1921 Dunn, Charles Wesley, New York, N. Y.
1913 Dunn. Clifford G.. New York. N. Y.
1920 Dunn. Denton. Ranaas City, Mo.
1918 Dunn. Edward G., Mason City. Iowa.
1913 Dunn. Henry W., Boston. Maas.
1922 Dunn, Jesse J., Oakland. Cal.
1920 Dunn. John Gilbert, Detroit, Mich.
1919 Dunn. John J.. Westerly. R. I.
1900 Dunn, Michael. Paterson. N. J.
1914 Dunn. Philip J.. New York. N. Y.
1918 Dunn, Robert N., Boise, Idaho.
1921 Dunn, Robert W., Chicago. 111.
1913 Dunn. W, E., Um AnReles. Cal.
1922 Dunne, Frank H., San Francisco, CaL
1921 Dunne, J. J., San Francisco. Gal.
19n6 Dunne, Peter F., San Fmncisco. Cal.
1921 Dunne, Thomas P.. Meriden, Conn.
}92S Dunnigan, H. L., Los Angeles, OaL
1917 Dunning, A. R., WHliamston, N. O.
1921 Dunseath, Jamea R., Tttoaon, Aria.
1921 Dunahee, Frank 8., Das Moinea» Iowa.
1907 Dunton, Robert F., Belfaat, Ma.
1912 Duowiddie, John D., Monroe, Wia.
1910 Dupre, H. Garland, Waahiagton, D. O.
1919 Dnque, Gabriel Carloa, Los Angeleo.
CkL
1921 Durand, Arthur F., Obicago, DL
1921 Durand, Frank, Aabury Park, N. J.
1921 Durant, Charlton, Manning, 8. O.
1912 Durant, Paul D.. Milwaukee. Wia.
1921 Durforow, C. W., San Franeiaco, Oal.
1921 Durey, John C, Stamford, Conn.
1922 Durfee, Edgar Noble, Ann AriMr, Midi.
1922 Durham, Harold E., Chicago, 111.
1920 Durham, Harry B., Casper, Wjro.
1913 Durham, Knowlton. New York, N. T.
1918 Durham, L. E., Ranaas City, Mo.
1918 Durkin, Edmund L., New York, N. T.
1928 Durley, Mkrk, Oxnard, OaL
1921 Durr, Cheater S., Ciiicinnati, Ohio.
1917 Durst, Harry D.. Springfield, Mo.
1981 Duaher. William R., Rochelle, IlL
1921 Duahkind, Charles, New York, N. T.
1918 Duatin. Alton C, Cleveland, Ohio.
1914 Duatin, Charlea W., New York, N. T.
1911 Dutcher, Charlea M.. Iowa City. Iowa.
1900 Dutton, John A., New York, N. Y.
1913 Dutton, Walter A., Hard wick, Vt
1920 Duty. John R., Rogers, Ark.
1910 Duval, Louia W., Ocala, Fla.
1922 DuVal, Ralph William, San Franciioo.
Oal.
1921 Duval, William H., Chicago, 111.
1922 Duvall. Elbridge O., New York, N. T.
1011 Duvall, Richard Mareen. Baltimore. Md.
1911 Duxbury, F. A., St Paul, Minn.
1906 Duxbury, W. R., Minneapolia, Mina.
1914 Duy, A. W., Bloomsburg, Pa.
1922 Dwelle, H. B., Freaao, CaL
1906 Dwinnell, W. 8., Minneapolia, Miaa.
1914 Dwyer. D. 0., Plattamouth, Nebr.
1917 Dwyer, Eugene J., Rochester, N, T.
1922 Dwyer, J. J., San Francisco, OaL
1914 Dwyer. John J., New York, N. T.
192^ Dye. Fred. Detroit. Mich.
1922 Dye, Joseph M., Swea City, Iowa.
1»^« Hve. Rf^hct H.. Favetteville, N. a
1921 Ityer, E. B., Saybrook, IlL
Ifli? Over. H. Chouteau. St. Louis. Mo.
1922 Dyer, laaac W., Portland. Me.
1919 Dyer, Jamea H. P., Leominster, Maaa.
19^ Dver. John L., El Paao. Tex.
1916 Dyer, .Leonidaa O., Waahington, D. O.
19^6 [>ykes. W. W., Amerlcua. Georgia.
1922 Dykman, Jadcaoo Aanaa. Brooklya,
N. Y*
ALPBABECICAL LI8I OF UBUBEBS.
7m
IMl DykmAn, Williain N., Brooklyn, N. T.
1011 I^mood, John, Jr., New Orleans, La.
mo Dynes, 0. W., Chicago. IlL
1899 Dyrenforth, William H., Chicago. HI.
1914 Dysard. H. R., Ashland, Ky.
1922 Eager, George B., Jr., University, Ya.
1921 Eagles, William B.. Louisville, Ky.
1921 Eagleson, Freeman T., Columbus, Ohio.
1921 Eakin. Edgar Oswald, Chicago, lU.
1921 Eakle, B. C, Clay. W. Va.
1990 Baman, Prank D., Detroit, Mich.
1913 Earocs, Burton E., Boston, Mass.
1921 Earl, Charles L., Herkimer. N. Y.
1909 Earl, Otis A., KsUmasoo. Mich.
1911 Earle, Claude B., Anderson, S. C.
1907 Earle. Henry M.. New York, N. Y.
1920 Earle, J. R., Walhalla. & C.
1921 Earle, Thornton, New York, N. Y.
1911 Earle, Wilton H.. GreenTllle, S. C.
1921 Earley, Robert G., Geneva, III.
1912 Early. Albert D., Rockford, 111.
1021 Early, Benjamin B., Rockford, 111.
1921 Early, John. Chicago. HI.
1902 Early, Marlon C. St. Louis. Mo.
1915 Earp, Wilbur F., New York, N. Y.
1914 Easby-Smith, Jas. S., Washington, D. C.
1912 Easlcy. D. M., Bluefleld, W. Va.
1921 East, Charles M., Staunton, Va.
1914 Rastbutn. Horace G.. Wilmington, Del.
1918 Basterday, John H., Brooklyn, N. Y.
1907 Eastman, Albert N., Chicago. 111.
1889 Eastman, Sidney C, Chicago, 111.
1909 Easton. Charles Plylip. New York. N. Y.
1915 Eaton, Arthur B., Philadelphia, Pa.
1918 Eaton, B. E., Gulfport, Miss.
1919 Eaton, Burt W., Rochester, Minn.
1919 Eaton, Fred H., Lawrence, Mass.
1919 Eaton, Frederick W., Boston, Mao.
1914 Eaton, Leo K., Minneapolis. Minn.
1909 Eston. Marquis, Chicago, HI.
1916 Eaton, William R., Denver, Colo.
1911 Eaton, Wm. V., Paducah. Ky.
1914 Raves, St. Clatr, Greenville. Ky.
1922 Eberhard, Colon R., LaGrande, Ore.
1921 Eberhardt. Alfar M.. Chicago, 111.
1910 Eberhart, Axel A.. Minneapolis, Minn.
1921 Eberhart, George M., Huntington, Ind.
1920 Eberle, Alphonse G., St. Louis. Mo.
1916 Eberle, Charles. St. Louis, Mo.
1920 Eberly, Frsncis J., Columbus, Ohio.
1915 Eby. D. H., Hannibal. Mo.
1921 Eby. Robert J.. Washington, D. O.
1918 Eccles, Royal, Ogden, UUh.
1914 Echols. John Wamock, Vienna, Va.
1921 Ecke, Albert, Baltimore. Md.
1920 Eckert. Arthur C, St. Louis, Ma
1921 Eckert, Walter H., Chicago. 111.
1MB Eckhart, Percy B.. Chicago. 111.
SLSCTSD
1921 Eekman, Arthur W., Los Angeles, Oal.
1921 Eddleman, A., Ardmore, Okla.
1907 Eddy, Charles B., PlainAeld. N. J.
1918 Eddy, George Simpson, New York, N. Y.
1914 Edelen, T. L.. Frankfort. Ky.
1922 Edelman, Selig, New York, N. Y.
1921 Edelaon, Robert, Chicago, 111.
1921 Edens, William, Pocatello. Ida.
1922 Eder, Morris, New York, N. Y.
1913 Eder, Phanor J.. New York, N. Y.
1908 Edge, Lester P., Spokane, Wash.
1921 Edgell, Fred I., Lincoln, 111.
1922 Edgerton, Edward H., Rochester, Vt
1010 Edgington, T. B., Memphis, Tenn.
1913 Edison. H. J., Kasson. Minn.
1922 Edmister, 0. R., Marshalltown, Iowa.
1922 Edmiston, Robert L., Spokane, Wash.
1921 Edmonds. Dean S., New York, N. Y.
1922 Edmonds, Douglas L.. Los Angeles, Cal.
1911 Edmonds. Franklin S., Philadelphia. Pa.
1905 Edmonds, Ssmuel O.. New York, N. Y.
1914 Fdmonds. Walter D.. New York, N. Y.
1922 Edmondson, Elmore L., Brighton, Iowa.
1890 Edmonston, William E.. WashmgloSp
D. C.
1913 Edmunds. Jsmes E., Lynchburg, Va.
1921 Edmundson, W. H., Fredonia, Kan.
1921 Edsall, Benjsmin F., New York, N. Y.
(Newark. N. J.)
1922 Edson, Henry F., Moorcraft. Wyo.
1902 Edson. Joseph R., Washington, D. a
1911 Ed«on. Walter H.. Falroner. N. Y.
1922 Edwards, A. J., Waterloo, Iowa.
1922 Edwards, Arthur M., Sante Fe, N. M.
1911 Edwards. CUrence, Elmhurst, N. Y.
1912 Edwards. Davis W.. Louisville. Ky.
1922 Edwards, Frank W., Waterloo, Iowa.
1921 Edwards, George H., Darlington. S. C.
1913 Edwards, George J.. Jr., Philadelphia,
Pa.
1916 Edwards. George L., St. Louis. Mo.
1920 Edwsrds, H. H., Msngum. Okla.
1013 Edwards. H. M.^cranton. Pa.
1921 Edwards, HarolcAvm., Ely. Nev.
1922 Edwards, Hsrry^ New York, N. Y.
1920 Edward*. J. C. Nashville. Tenn.
1922 Edwards, Keith W., Fort Sumner, N. U,
1918 Edwards, LeRoy M., Los Angles, Cal.
ions F^wards. Marion, Seattle, Waah.
1921 Edwards, Millard F., Parkersburg, Iowa.
1921 Edwarda, N. Murry. St. Louis, Mo.
1917 Edwsrds. NIcholaa M.. WilUamsport. Pa.
1913 Edwards. O. Elleiy, New York. N. Y.
1921 Edwards, Thomas Arthur, Lake Charlei,
La.
1912 Edwarda, Veme D., Kanaas City, Ma
1920 Edwards, Waldo, Bevier, Mo.
loii Edwards, Walter A., Providence, R. I.
766
AKSBIOAN BAB AS800IATI0N.
ins Bells, Charles P., San Francisco, CsL
ion Eguk, James F., New York, N. T.
im Egan, William E.. Hartford, Oomi.
1921 EgertoD, If. W., Knoxville, Temi.
1912 Eggers, Theodore C, St. Louis, Mo.
1921 Egger^' William A., Oincinnatl, Ohio.
1922 Eggleston, John S., Richmond, Vs.
1922 Eggum, Ole J., Whitehall, Wis.
1922 Eglcston, Melville, New York, N. T.
1911 Ehrhom, Oscar W., New York, N. Y.
1918 Ehrich. Jesse W., New York. N. Y.
1918 Ehrich, llanfred Wm., New York, N. Y.
1917 Ehringfasus. J. C. B., Elizabeth City,
N. C.
1921 Ehrlich, Harrj E., Boston, IfaM.
1921 Ehrlich, Harry M.. Springfield, Masi.
1920 Ehrman, 8. Lasker, Little Rock, Ark.
1916 Ehrman, S. M., San Francisco, Cal.
1921 Ehrmann, Herbert B., Boston, Ifass.
1914 Eichenauer, John B., Pittsburgh, Ps.
1918 Eichholz, Adolph, Philadelphia, Pa.
1910 Eickhoff, Henry, San Francisco, Cal.
1921 Rfdson, Arthur R.. Hamilton. Texas.
1922 Eimer, Garl B., New York, N. Y.
1922 Eisler, Charles J., Minneapolis, Minn.
1922 Eisner, Jerome, New York, N. Y.
1921 Eisner, Mark, New York, N. Y.
1911 Eisner, Michael L., Pittsfleld, Mssa
1912 Ekem, Herman L. (Chicago, HI.), Madl-
aon, Wis.
1921 Eklund, E. A.. Providence. R. I.
1919 Eklund, Herbert E.. Providence, R. L
1912 Ela, Emerson, Madison, Wia.
1916 Ela, Richard. Cambridgeport. Mass.
1921 Elcock, Thomas E., Wichits, Ksn.
1918 Elder, Alexander H., New York, N. Y.
1911 Elder, Charles B., Chicago, HI.
1911 Elder, Charles R., Boston. Mass.
1914 Elder, Conway, Jefferson City, Mo.
1920 Elder, Harry H., Trenton, Tenn.
1919 Elder, R. H., Coeur d*Alene, Idaho.
1914 Eldred, A. O., Warren. Pa.
1921 Eldred, Charles J|., McCook, Neb.
1916 Gldrrdge, Clarenfe F.. Boston, Mass.
1921 Eldredge, H. 0., Waynesville, Mo.
1920 Eldredge, Ralph R., Marquette. Mich.
1922 Eldridge, F. Howard, Chicago, HI.
1921 Eldridge, Sidney W., Elizabeth, N. J.
1914 Elgin, Frank S.. Memphis, Tenn.
1901 Elgutter, Charles S., Omaha, Nebr.
1913 Eliot, Amory, Boston, Mass.
1895 Rliot. Edward C, St. Louis, Mo.
1921 Elkins, Luther, San Francisco, Cal.
1904 Elkus, Abram L, New York, N. Y.
1919 Ellender. Allen J., Hoiima. La.
1922 Eller, Chester J.. Des Moines, Iowa.
1921 Ellery, Climo R., Cheyenne, Wyo.
1921 Ellett, Guy F.. Christiansburg, Va.*'
1911 Ellick, Alfred 0., Omaha, NiAr.
1914 EUiff, Charles W., Dayton. Ohio.
1921 Ellinghausen, Edwin A., Sapulpa, OMa.
1896 Ellinwood, Everett E.. Bisbee, Aria.
1918 Elliot, Albert H., San Francisco, Cal.
1920 Elliott, Bruce S., St. Louia, Mo.
1922 Elliott, O. A., Sacramento, Cal.
1920 Elliott, Charles B., Columbis, a a
1902 Elliott, Charles B., Minneapolis. Minn.
1917 Elliott, George A., Wilmington, Del.
1916 Elliott, George B., Wilmfaigten, N. C.
1921 Elliott, Gordon L.. Des Moines, Iowa.
1918 Elliott, H. E., Cleveland, Ohia
1914 Elliott, James D.. Sioux Falls, S. D.
1913 Elliott, John, New Haven. Conn.
1921 Elliott, John M., Columbus, Ohio.
1914 Elliott, John M., Pine Bluff. Ark.
1916 Elliott. John M., PeorU, DL
1914 Elliott, Milton C, Washington, D. C.
1921 Elliott, Owen N., Cedar Radips, Iowa.
1912 Elliott, Robert L., Chicago, 111.
1898 Elliott, William F., Indianapolis. Ind.
1922 Ellis, Arthur M., Los Angeles, Cal.
1922 ElUs, 0. J., Jr., Rayville, La.
1906 Ellis, Daniel B., Denver, Colo.
1911 Ellis, David A., Boston, Msss.
1922 Ellis, Edward H., Oreybull, Wyo.
1919 Ellia, Erl R., Denver, Colo.
1921 Eliia, G. R., Amerfcus, Oa.
1921 Ellis, George Adams, New York, N. T.
1907 Ellis, George W., New York, N. Y.
1921 Ellis, Howlrd, Chicago, HI.
1919 Ellis. John A., Prescott, Aria.
1922 Ellis, Kimpton, Los Angeles, OsL
1914 Ellis, Overton G., Tacoma, Wash.
1922 Ellis, Ralph, Jericho, Long Uaml,
.ft N. T.
1909 Ellis, S. D., Amite City, La.
1917 Ellis. T. B., Jr.. Gainesville, Pla.
1922 Ellis, W. H., Riverside, Cal.
1919 Ellis. W. H., Tallahassee, Fla.
1912 Ellis, Wade H., Washington, D. O.
1921 Ellison, f. O., Anamosa, Iowa.
1916 Ellison, George Robb, Maryville, Mo.
1907 Ellison. William Bruce, New York, N. T.
1918 Ellithorp. Elias H., Ssn Luis, Colo.
1916 Ells. John H.. Boston. Mass.
1922 Ellsworth, Fred L., Minneapolis, Mfm.
1922 Ellsworth, Oliver, San Frandaco, Oal.
1906 Ellsworth, S. E.. Jamestown. N. D.
1921 Elmquist, Charles E., St Paul, Mina.
1907 Elflberg. Nathaniel A., New York. N. T.
1922 Elsmer, Solomon, Hartford, Conn.
1921 Elston. Charles H., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1921 "Itlng, Philip U., Macomb, 111.
1906 Elting, Victor, Chicago, HL
1920 Elvins, Politte, Bonne Terre, Mo.
1918 Ely, Henry W., Westlleld, Mass.
▲LPHABBIIOAIi LIST OF MBMBBBS.
767
1913 Elr, JoMph B., SpriagfieUI,
1020 Ely, L. C, KnozvlUe, Tttn.
1918 Emanue], P. k„ Aikes, S. 0.
191S Embery, Jo«pb R., PhiUdelphla» Pa.
1922 Embrec, William Dean, New York,
N. T.
ins Eflobiy, John, Oklahoma Gltj, Okla.
1910 Emenoa, A. Silver, Boston, Maak
1907 Emenon, George H., New York, N. T.
1920 Smcnon, Georye W., Little Rock, Ark.
1919 Bmerwn, Robert &, Providence, R. L
1914 Emery, Frederick L., BoBtoa, Mam.
1920 Emery, 8. Plummer, New Oaatle, Pa.
1918 Bmmona, Arthur C, Portland, Oreivon.
1922 Bmmooa, Harold Hunter, Detroit, Mich.
1914 Emmona, Harry, Wilmington, Del.
1921 Eropey. E. E., Mobridge, S. D.
1910 Empaon. G. R., Gladatone, Ificbigan.
1917 Bmrich, Wm. H. Paulinf , Paria, Franca.
1914 Endelman, Edward, New York, N. T.
1910 Endicott. William C, Boston, Maa.
1900 Endlich, Goatav A., Reading, Pa.
1918 Endaley, H. B., Johnatown. Pa.
1914 Engel, Joaepb G., New York, N. Y.
1921 Engelbracbt, Fred, Jr., Berlin, Wia.
1919 England, Edward L., Chicago, III
1918 EngUnd, Howell 8.. Detroit, Mich.
1910 England, Milca R., Pittaburgb, Pa.
1918 Englander, 8amuel, Philadelphia, Pa.
1917 Englar, D. Roger, New York, N. Y.
1918 Rnglebeck, Amos H., Akron, Ohio.
1920 Englert, M. J., Valley City, N. D.
1921 Ei«Ii^ 0. 0., Dallas, Texaa.
1921 English, Charles H., Erie, Penn.
1911 English, Conorer, Newark, N. J.
ion English, Frank A., Elizabeth, N. J.
1918 English, John K., Elizabeth, N. J.
1921 English, John N., Pittsburg. Penn.
1906 English, Lee F., Chicago, 111.
Ifl4 English, Wslter C, Wsshington, D. 0.
ion English, William E., IndUnapolis, Ind.
1911 Ennerer, Thomss C, New York, N. Y.
1989 Ennis^ C. H. Shawnee, Okls.
19S1 Eanis, James Ignatius, Chicago, 111.
1922 Ennia, Hiomsa Leland, New York, N. Y.
1918 Enoch, Albert B., Chicago, 111.
1912 Enright, John J., Burlington, Vt
1911 Ensign, Charles 8., Jr., Boston, Maas.
1918 Enslow, Charlea A., Janeaville, Wis.
1920 Epperson, B. H., Ada, Okla.
1910 Epperson, Clyde O., Denver, Colo.
1922 Epsteen, Elbert IL. San Fhmciaoo. OaL
1921 Erb, J. B., Chicago, 111.
1914 Erckmann, H. L., Charleston, 8. 0«
1918 Erd, Charlea, Clayton, Mo.
1920 Erlckson, Clarence A., Racine, Wia.
1922 Erickaon, J. B.« Kalispell, Mont.
1921 Brland, Henry H., Chicago, 111.
25
1917 Ernst, Xniag L., New York, N. T.
1912 Iftnat, Rlofaard P. (Oovi]«toB, Ky.),
Cincinnati, Ohio.
1921 Ernst, Walter E., New York, N. Y.
1921 Errett, Wm. R., PittAurgh, Penn.
1022 Erakiae. Bmmett B.. StenbeoTflle. Ohio.
1020 Brakine, Herbert W., Sen Frandaco. CiO.
1922 Erskine, Morse, San Frandsoo, Oil.
1922 Enrin, Spenoer, Philadelphia, Pa.
1917 Ervhi, William C, HorganUm, N. C,
1914 Erving, Wm. Van R., Albany, N. Y.
1907 Erwin. Frank Alex., New York, N. Y.
1922 Erwin, James R., Jersey Chtj, N. J.
1921 Erwin, John E., Dixon, HL
1921 Erwin, W. C, Wellston, Okla.
1912 Eschweiler, F. C, Madison, Wis.
1921 Eskridge, AUen Tsylor, Pulaski, Va.
t 1921 Eai, Henry N.. Kansaa City, Mo.
1020 Essery, Csrl VanStone, Detroit, Mich.
1907 Esterline, Blackburn, Washington, D. C.
1920 Estes, Joel 8., Oklahoma aty, Okla.
1012 Estes, W. L., Texarkana, Texaa.
1013 Estudlllo. Miguel, Riverside. Cal.
1818 Btheridge, Francis Marion, Dallas, Texaa.
1912 Ettelson, Ssmuel A.. Chicsgo, 111.
1922 Ettinger, U. L., Colfax, Wssh.
1822 Buler, Louis, Los Angeles, Oal.
1980 Evans, Alvin E., Wsshington, D. O.
1910 Evana, Andrew F., Kanaaa City. Mo.
1917 Evans, D. B., Moundaville, W. Va.
1911 Evans, Earle W., WichiU, Kana.
1910 Evana, Evan A., Baraboo, Wia.
1018 Evans, H. G., Bonham, Tex.
1018 Evans, Giles Lincoln, Fsyetteville. Tenn.
1018 Evans, John Lewis, Philadelphia, Pa.
1014 Evana, John T., Chicago, 111.
1915 Evans, Joseph F.. 0|rH«>n. I'tah.
1082 Evans, L^man, Riverside, OaL
1008 Evana, Lynden. Chicago. 111.
1017 Evana, Marion G., Memphis, Tenn.
1006 Evana, Marvin, Walla WalU, Waah.
1013 Evans, Montgomery, Norriatown, Pa.
1021 Evana, Perry. 8an Francisco, Oal.
1018 Evana, Peter L., Chicago, HI.
1021 Evans, Richard V.. Birmingham, Ala.
1919 Evans, Robert E., DskoU City, Nebr.
1910 Evens, W. F., St Louis, Mo.
1920 Evans, Walter H., Portland, Ore.
1921 Evens, William B., Los Angeles, Ctel.
1022 Evana, William H.. San Diego. Cal.
1011 Evens, William L., Green Bay. Wis.
1021 Evans, William P., Indianapolis, hid.
1021 Evana, WUltam 8., New York, N. Y.
1914 Everts, Frank B., Cleveland, Ohio.
10|S Evereat, J. H., Oklahoma City, Okla.
1012 Everett, Edward W., Chicago, 111.
1018 Everett, R. O., Durham, N. C.
1918 Everett, RusseU M., Newark, N. J.
768
AMBBICAN BAB AS8O0IATI0N.
■LBom
1916 Everett, & J., OreenvIlK N. O.
19M EvcKtte, Willif Eugene, Waalila«t«m,
D. O.
1920 Bvemnftn, Wetter A., Toledo, Ohio.
1922 Bvereole, Keith 0., Cklah. OeL
1907 Everaon, John, G1endalf>, Cal.
1922 Everte, O. L.. Fresno, Oal.
1918 EFerts, William P., Boston. Maat.
1918 Erins, Robert B., Oreenaboro, Ala.
1921 Ewbank, Louis B., Indianapolia, Ind.
1920 Ewfng. A. 0., .'r.. Naahrille, Tenn
1908 Ewinir. Arthur W.. Madison, Minn.
1922 Ewing, D. 8., Fresno. Gal.
1900 Ewlngr, Hampton D., New York. N. Y.
1911 Ewing. Jamea W., Wheeling, W. Va.
1901 Ewing, John A., Denver, Colo.
1904 Ewing, John O., Washington, D. O.
1914 Ewing, Preal^ K., Houston, Texas.
1907 Swing, Thomas, New York, N. Y.
1920 Ewing, William Howard, NashviUe.
Tenn.
1920 Exby, John, Memphis. Tenn.
1921 Eyre. Richard, New York, N. Y.
1921 Ejnrich, Oeorge F., Jr., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1918 Eyster. John C. Albany. Ala.
1907 Faber, JjnnAr* B.. Jamaica. N. Y.
1922 Fabian, Harold Pi, Salt Lake City. Utah.
1922 Ffece, Dean 8., Coopersville. Mich.
1912 Fagan. Joseph P., Boston, Maas.
1922 Fagundo, Francisco Gonzales. Humacao.
P. B.
1915 Fahey, Michael H., Havre De Grace, Md.
1919 Fahey, Michael L., Boston, Mass.
1916 Fahey. William F., St. Louls.Mo.
1918 Fahy, Thomas A., Philadelphia. Pa.
1918 Fahy, Walter T.. Philadelphia, Pa.
1921 Fainll, Herbert R., Akron. Ohio.
1918 Falrbank, Arthur B., Sfome Falls, 8. D.
1911 Fairchild. Arthur W., Milwaukee. Wis.
1922 Fairchild, Charles 8., Cazenovia, N. Y.
1917 Fairchild. Edward T., Milwaukee, Wlsw
1889 Fairchild, H. O., Green Bay, Wis.
1915 Fhirlamb, Millard. Delta, Colorado.
1920 Fairman, Chauncey P., Christobal,
Canal Zone.
1917 Faison, Henry Elias, Clinton, N. O.
1912 Faiaaler, John, Sycamore. 111.
1914 Falck. Alexander D., ^Imira. N. Y.
1920 Falconer, Wdl Annistead, Fort Smith,
Ark.
1921 Fales, David, Chicago, HI.
1921 Falge, O. J., Ladysmith, Wia.
1917 Faling, Glenn R. Kalamazoo, Mich.
1916 Falk. Leater L., Chicago. 111.
1922 Falk, Samuel, New York. N. Y.
1917 Falkenhainer, Victor H.. St. Louis, Mo.
1891 Fall, George Howard, Maiden, Man.
ms Fallon, John J., Hoboken, M. J.
suEorao
1922 Fallon, Joaeph P., Baa FraBciaco, OU.
1907 FAllows, Edward H., New York, N. T.
1920 Fansler, Michael L., Logansport, ImL
1920 Fant. L. 0., Holly Springa, Mia.
1917 Farabougb, W. W., Memphis. Tenn.
1914 FaHs, Charles B., 8t. Louis. Mo.
1922 Faries, David R., Los Angeles. OaL
1917 Farley. Ebgene F., New Haven, Conn.
1920 Farley, John W., Mcmpfaia, Tenn.
1911 Farley, John Wella. Boston, Mass.
1922 Farley O. G., Pomeroy, Wash.
1921 Fftrmer, Milton T,, San Franctsoo, OaL
1921 Famam, Albert W., Newport, Vt.
1906 Famham, Charles W., St. Paul, Minn.
1911 Famham, Frank A., Boaton, Maas.
1915 Famsworth, P. T., Jr., Salt Lakt City,
UUh.
1918 Famsworth, Philip, New York, N. T.
1916 Farquhar, Otto E., Pottsville, Pa.
1906 Farr, George W., Milea City, Mont.
1914 Farrand, George E., Loa Angeles, CaL
1921 Fsrrand, John D.. Fargo, N. D.
1&20 Farrar. Christy M., St. Louis, Mo.
1921 Farrell, Charles H., Kalamazoo, Midi.
1021 Farrell, George T., Lisbon, Ohio.
1021 Farrell, Robert H.. CXiioago, HI.
1922 Farrell, T. A., Sacramento, CaL
1922 Farrell, Thomas J., New York, M. T.
1915 Farrelly, Hugh P., Chanute, Kansas.
1914 Farren, James J., Albany, N. Y.
1916 Farrer, J. Arnold, Boston, Mass.
1913 Fsrrington. E. 8., Carson City, Nev.
1916 Fsrrington, John S., Springfield, Mo^
1918 Faasett, Eugene G., Chicago. HI.
1921 Faasett, Lee, Wellsville, N. Y.
1914 Faught, Albert Smith, Philadelphia. Pa.
1922 Faulconer, Oda, Los Angeles, Oal.
1912 Faulkner. Charles J., Martinsbanr»
W. Vs.
1916 Faulkner, Charles J., Jr.. Chicago. HI.
1929 Faulkner, Herbert L.. Juneau. AlaAn.
1081 Faulkner, Philip H., Keene, N. H.
1916 Faulks, Frederick J., Newark. N. J.
1914 Fauntleroy, Thomas T.. St. Looisb Ho.
1922 Fausett, R. J., Everett, Wash.
1916 Fsust, Charles L., St. Joaeph. Ma
1914 Faust, Frederick De C, Wsshlagton.
D. C.
1920 Faust. John, Detroit, Mich.
1918 Faust, William B., Mount Carmel, Pa,
1921 FaviUe, Frederick F., Dea Moinea, Iowa.
1919 Favour, A. H., Prescott, Ariz.
1920 Fawcett, Lewis L., Brooklyn, N. Y.
1912 Fawsett, Chariea F., Milwaukee, Wia.
1921 Fay, Edward B., New York, N. Y.
1909 Fay, Frank &, Mcridcn, Cbon.
1918 Fay, Jease B., Cleveland, Ohio.
IffU Ffty, WUUaa H., Peabody, UMm
ALFHABBTICAL LIST OF KBMBXB8.
769
lil4
vm
m4
inx
ms
i9n
im
1914
1917
ifln
1019
191S
1919
1999
1921
1921
1918
1916
1919
1909
1918
1918
1989
1915
1921
1907
1911
1914
1921
1980
1919
19U
1916
1919
1918
i9n
1918
19U
WwyttwmthKt^ Ctmrlm S,, Nmt LatenMW
N. T.
Fayaoux, WtlUain UtL,, New OtImm,
Lt.
Fearfaftke, John D., New York. N. T.
Fearoo, OeoiYe R.. SjmcuM, N. T.
Fearont, George H., New York, N. T.
Featheratooe, Albert H., Wallace, Idaho.
Feaael, W. P., NaahTllle, Arfc.
Fee, Fred, Fort Pierce, Fla.
Feeney, A. J., Jr., Maaon CNty, Iowa.
Feeney, John P., Boetoa, llaat.
Fefen, Nicholaa A., Oak Park, HI.
Fahrman, Henry J., Omaha, Neb.
Feibelman, Itadore, Indianapolla, Ind.
Fdck, Carl A., Newark, N. J.
Feigfatner, Mflo N., Huntington, Tnd.
Feigia, Hanld H.. New York, N. T.
Felmater, Walter C, Newton, N. C
Felnberg, MichaeU Chicago, IlL
Feinberg, Philip J.. Boston, Maaib
Feiner, Benjamin F., New York, N. Y.
Fpfntrold. Loula E., Worrenter, llaaa.
Feiricfa, Oharlea B., Oarbondale, 111.
Feldblum, Adolph, New York. N. Y.
Felder, lliomaa B., New York, N. Y.
Feldman, 8amae1, Philadelirfila, Pa.
Felin Leopoldo, flan Juan, P. R.
Felix, Harry, Philadelphia, Pa.
PellowB, Donald, Planklnton, 8. D.
FellowB, Qrant, Lanaing, Mich.
Fellowt, Hubbard F., Rapid City, N. D.
Felaenthal, B11 B., Chicago, lU.
Felts, B. J., RuaieMIle, Ky.
Fennell, Thomaa F., Albany, N. Y.
Fennemore, H. M., Phoenix, Arte.
Fenner, Charlei Payne, New Orleana, La.
Fanning, Frederick A., Waahington,
D. C.
Fanning, Karl, Waahiagton, D. C
Penatenaaker, Thomaa A.. Philadelphia,
Pa.
FcBton, Hector T., Philadelphia, Pa.
Fenton. Walter S., Rutland, Yt
Fentreaa, Darld. Memphia, Tenn.
FentrcBB, Franda, Memphia, Tern.
Fenwick, Edward TAylor, Washington,
D. C.
Feiber. J. Bernard, Boaton, Haaa.
Ferdinand, Arthur G., Boaton, Maia.
Fereneik. J. P., Cleveland, Ohio.
FcrguB, Robert C, Chicago, IlL
Ferguaoa, Charlea, Smithland, Ky.
Fefgnaon, D. Kiel, Ocala, Fla.
Ferguaon, Garland 8.. Jr., Waahington,
D. a
Fergnaoo, John J., Oooncil Bluib, Iowa.
Ferguaon, Morria M., Loa Angelas, OaL
Ferguaon, William A., New York, N. Y.
■LBCTBD
1918 Ferguaon, Wm. B. 8.. Philadelphte, Pa.
1916 Ferguaon, William H., Denver, Colo.
1910 Ferguaon, WlUlam Paul. Shenandoah,
Iowa.
1914 Ferme, Antonio. New York, N. Y.
1928 Pemald, Fred A., Beaton, Maan
1918 Femald, Guatavua 8., Chicago, 01.
1914 Femaell, 0. O., Dover, Ohio.
1928 Ferrell, Gilbert D., BurUngame, OaL
IMl Ferrell, J. A., Sedan, Kan.
1980 Fcfrenhach, Edward A., St. Louie, Mo.
1916 FeiTia, Forrest G., St. Louis, Mo.
1915 Ferris, G. M., Spokane, Waah.
1921 Ferria, George A., New York, N. Y.
1922 Ferria, Joseph W., New York. N. Y.
1911 Ferris, T. Harvey. Utica, N. Y.
1908 Ferrisa, Franklin, St. Louis, Mo.
1918 Ferries, Henry T„ St. Louis, Mo.
1918 Ferries, SUrk B.. New York, N. Y.
1914 Feny, L. S., Topeka, Kans.
1981 Peny, ManaBeld, New York, N. Y.
1918 Feraon, Merton L., Washington, D. C
1920 Fertach, Charlea, Hallettsville, Texas.
1897 Fealer, J. W., Indianapolis, Ind.
1916 Fesaenden, Stirling, Shanghai, China.
1921 Fetterhoff, John H., Whiting, Ind.
1921 Fetaer, William R., Chicago, 111.
1917 Fenerbacher. Max W., St Loula, Ma
1021 Feuquay, 0. M., Chandler, Okla.
1921 Ficke, C. A., Davenport, Iowa.
1914 FIcken, John F., Oharlcaton, S. 0.
1919 Fickett, Ralph 8., Boston, Mass.
18tt Fidler, George B., Chicago, HI.
1916 Field, Eliaa, Boaton, Masa.
1902 Field, Frank Harvey, New York, N. Y.
1911 Field, Fred T., Boaton, Masa.
1921 Field, H. G., FarmerviUe, La.
1891 Field, Heman H., Chicago, IlL
1920 Field, Lewis L., New Haven, Conn.
1911 Field. Neill B., Albuquerque, N. M.
1928 Field, R. Harriaon, Kanaas City, Mo.
1884 Flero, J. Newton. Albany. N. Y.
1922 Fifleld, R. A., Remington, Va.
1912 File, Ashton, Beckley, W. Va.
1921 File, W. H., Beckley, W. Va.
1921 Files, F. W., Pawhuaka, Okla.
1921 Fillatrault, W. W.. Ravenna, Ohio.
1928 Fillppini, John Y., Ban Franeiaoo. Oal.
1913 Filley, Frederick C, Troy. N. Y.
1919 Fillius, Richard S., Denver, Colo.
190K Finch, Edward R., New York. N. Y.
1928 Finch, Fabiua T., San Francisco, Cal.
1920 Finch, Morton E.. Memphis, Tenn.
1917 Finch, W. A., WUson, N. C.
1990 Finch, Wilbur D.. Loa Angelea, CaL
1981 Findlay, Franda T., Niagara Falls,
N. Y.
1980 Findlcy, D. L,, St Looia. Mo.
770
AMBRICAN BAB ASSOOIATIOir.
1921 Fine, Hany N., OrawfordariUe, Ind.
1919 Pine, Reuben, Ifartinsburff, W. Va.
19S2 Finger, Aaron, Wilmington. Del.
1921 Fink. Albert, Chicago, HI.
1921 Pink, George E., Chicago, 111.
1921 Finkelstein, liax J., New York, N. T.
1921 Finkelstein, Nathan B., New York,
N. Y.
1919 Finkelston, Max R., Detroit, Micfa.
1920 Finlay, Jamea P., Chattanooga, Tenn.
1916 Finlayaon, Frank G., Loa Angelee, Cal.
1921 Plnletter, Tbomaa D., PUladelpUia,
Penn.
1916 Finley, James W., Chanute, Bans.
1922 Finn. O. H.. LaGrande. Ore.
1921 Finn, Richard J., Chicago, HI.
1921 Finnegan, Thomas J., Chicago, HI.
1906 Finney, A. C, Brawley, Cal.
1921 Finney, J. A., Xenia, Ohio.
1922 Firestone, Charles, New York, N. Y.
1921 Fisch, Abraham M.. New York. N. Y.
1921 Fischer, Edward Louis, Kansas City,
Kan.
1917 Fischer, Frederic L., Boston, Mass.
1919 Fischer, Julius. New York. N. Y.
1913 Fiset, Franz, Austin. Texas.
1921 Fish, Eriand F., Boston, Mass.
1913 Fish, Frank L., Vergennes, Vt.
1886 Fish, Frederick P., Boston, Mast.
1918 Fish. Henry E., Erie, Pa.
1912 Fish. Irving A., Milwaukee, Wis.
1914 Fish, William H., Atlanta. Ga.
1920 Fishbum, J. J., Muscatine, Iowa.
1921 Fisher, Allan H., Baltimore, Md.
1921 Fisher, Charles C, Marion, Ohio.
1914 Fisher, Clarence A., Canton, Ohio.
1911 Fisher, D. K. Este. Baltimore, Md.
1922 Fisher, Eugene I., Long Beach, Cal.
1911 Fisher. Frederic A., Lowell, Mass.
1917 Fisher, Frederick Charles. Manila, P. 1.
1918 Fisher, George H.. Philadelphia. Pa.
1908 Fisher. George P., Chicago, 111.
1914 Fl«h€r. Gordon. Pittsburgh. Pa.
1922 Fisher, Harry G., Keyaer, W. Va.
1921 Fisher, Harry M., Chicago, III.
1919 Fisher, Hugh T., Topeka, Kan.
1921 Fifiher, J. M., Kansas City. Mo.
1921 Fisher, J. N., Carthage. Tenn.
1916 Fisher, J. Wilmer. Reading, Pa.
1918 Fisher, James. Hackettstown, N. J.
1914 Fisher, John J., Ba>'fleld, Wis.
1914 Fisher, John 8., Indiana, Pa.
1899 Fisher, Robert J., Washington, D. C.
1916 Fisher, Samuel H., New York, N. Y.
1922 Fisher, Samuel J., Baltimore. Md.
1917 Fisher, Samuel W., Austin, Texas.
1921 Fiaher, Walter N.. St. Loula. Mb.
1916 Fiafaer, William, Pensac^, Fla.
BL£CTKO
1916 Fiaher, WUliam B., Sterena Point, Win
1887 Fisher, Wm. Righter, Philadelphia, Pa.
1918 Fftk, Charlea J., Minot, N. D.
1916 Fiske, Edmund W., Sioux FaUs, S. D.
1922 Flake, Kenneth M., Ghicago, IlL
1921 Fitch, Homer L., Grayling. Mick
1920 Fitch, Jamea G., Socorro, N. M.
1928 Fitch, John R.. FVeano. CkL
1921 Fitch, Joaepb H., Chicago. III.
1914 Fite. Rufua L., Georgetown. Ohio.
1981 ntton, Oynia J., Hamilton, OUo.
1916 Fitta, Henry, Chicago, HI.
1921 FitEgerald A. M., Sprlngileld, HL
1922 FttEg«rald, Charles F.. Chicago. IlL
1921 Fitsgerald, Charles J., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1917 Fitzgerald. Comeliua E.. QIcim Fnlla,
N. Y.
1909 FitzGerald, David E., New Haven, Cooa.
1916 FitzGerald. J. J., Portland, Ok.
1918 FitzGerald, Jamea Regan, New York,
N. Y.
1921 Fitzgerald, John M., Terre Haute. Ind.
1922 Fitzgerald, John P., San Joae, Gal.
1920 Fitzgerald, Josefrii M., Kearney, Nebr.
1918 Fitzgerald. Robert M.. Oakland, CaL
1916 Fitzgerald, Roy G., Dayton, Ohia
1919 Fitzgerald. William J., Scranton, Pa.
1919 Fitzgerald. Wm. T. A., Boston. Maai.
1917 Fitzgibbon, Heniy. MeniAa. Wi&
1921 FitzHanry. Louis, Bloomington, IB.
1906 Fitzhugh, G. T., Memphis. T^nn.
1904 Fitzhugh, Henry L., Fort Smith. Ark.
1919 Fitzhugh, W. H., Memphia, Tenn.
1918 Fitzpatrick. E. V., Indianapolis, Ind.
1919 Fitzpatrick. Herbert, Huntington. W.
Va.
1921 Fitzpatrick, John Harold. Sioux PUli,
8. D.
1922 Fitzpatrick, John L., Seattle, Wash.
1922 Fitzpatrick, Merton, HilU Dale, Mich.
1916 Fitzpatrick, William Geo.. Detroit,
Mich.
1917 Fitzsimmons. John T., St. Loula, Mo.
1907 Fitz Simons, W. Hnger, Charleaton, 8. 0.
1920 Pixel, Rowland W., Detroit. Mich.
1920 Fizzell. Robert B., Kansaa City, Mm
1922 Flagg. Harry W., Brockton, Maaa.
1914 Flaherty. D. J., Lincoln. Nebr.
1906 Flaherty, James A., Philadelphia, Pn.
1919 Flaherty, William. Boston, Mass.
1921 Flanagan, Michael J., Bridgeport, Obbb.
1921 FUnigan, Edw. J., Bisbee, Aria.
1911 Flannery, Henry C, MinneapoUa, Mian.
1904 Flannery, John 8., Waahington, D. O.
1921 Flannery, W. H., Oatlettrtmrg, Kj.
1916 Flannigan, Richard C, Norway, Mich.
1921 Flannigan, Richard J., Chicago, HL
1921 Flannigen, Alexander, East 8t Louii^ DL
ALPHABBTICAL LIST OF MBKBSBS.
771
1022 FUtUi, Qwrge B., Rapid City, 8. D.
19S0 F1eg»l. A. P., Portland, Ore.
1922 Fletecfaer, Harold &, New Torfc, N. T.
1891 Fleischmann, Simon, Buffalo, N. T.
1917 Fleitz, Joseph B., Wilkea-Barre, Pt.
1919 Fleminr, Charlea Seton, Jackaontille,
Fla.
1911 Fleming, Franda P., JackaonTllle, Fla.
1904 Fleming, John D., Boulder, Colo.
1914 Fleming, Matthew O., New York, N. T.
1911 Fleminf, Runell W., Fort Collini, Ck>lo^
1922 Fleminr* W. A., Scranton, N. D.
1910 Fleming, William S., Shanghai, China.
1911 Flemming, H. H., Kingston, N. T.
1922 Flemming, Rohert L., Jersey City, N. J.
1907 Fletcher. Bertram L., New York, N. T.
1897 Fletcher, D. U., Washington, D. C.
1921 Fletcher, Elmer H., Brockton, Mass.
1914 Fletcher, Henry, New York, N. T.
1914 Fletcher, J. Oilmore, New Toric, N. T.
1910 Fletcher, John Storrs, Chattanooga,
Tenn.
1982 Fletcher, Kimball, Los Angeles, OaL
1919 Fletcher. Raymond B., Worcester, Maaa.
1912 Fletcher, Robert V., Chicago, HI.
1918 Fletcher, Wm. Meade, SperryriUe, Va.
1913 Fletchinger, Charles F., New Orleans,
U.
1906 Flewelling. Albert L., Long Beach, Gal.
1908 Flexner, Bernard, New York, N. Y.
1922 Flick, Edwin H., Seattle, Wash.
1922 Flick, James P., Bedford, Iowa.
1911 Flint, Albert F., Boston, Mass.
1918 Flint, Ftank P., Los Angeles, Oal.
1980 Flint, William Rlsley, Loa Angeles. Oal.
1918 Floan. John P.. New York, N. Y.
1922 Flores, Manual Benitea. San Joan. P. R.
1911 Flory. Walter L, Cleveland, Ohio.
1916 Floumoy, William S., Kansaa City, Mo.
1918 Floumoy, William W., De Funiak
Springs, Fla.
1911 Flowers, George W., Pittsburgh, Pa.
1912 Flowers. James N., Jackson, Mlaa.
1922 Floyd, Henry B., Chicago, HI.
1928 Floyd, Pauline M., Waahington, D. O.
1921 Fluent, F. C, Butte, Mont.
1918 Flynn, Edward F., Derils Lake, N. D.
1916 Flynn, John M., Goenr d'AIene, Idaho.
1917 Flynn, J. Wallace, Milwaukee, Wis.
1900 Flynn, Leo J., Waahington, D. O.
1912 Foell, Charles M.. Chicago. HI.
1922 Foenter, Roland O., San Franciaco, OaL
1921 Fogel, Moe M., Santa Monica, Oal.
1980 Fogg. H. L, El Reno, Oida.
1918 Fogg, Joseph O., Cleveland, Ohio.
1914 Fogle, John L., Chicago, 111.
1921 Foley, Andy B., Watertown, 8. D.
1918 Fol«y, Jamct A., New York, N. Y.
KLBCRD
192U Foley, Jerome J., Racine, Wiai
1922 Foley, William B., DenTsr, Oolo.
1917 Folger, J. H., Mount Airy, N. 0.
1914 Folk, Joseph W., Washington, D. a
1915 Folland, Wm. H., Salt Lake City, Utah.
1918 Follansbee, Mitchell D., Chicago, IlL
1918 Follett, Edward B., MarietU, Ohio.
1914 Folonie, Robert J., Chicago, 111.
1918 Folsom, Clarence 8. T., Mezioo, B. F.,
1922
1908
1919
1914
1922
1918
1918
1921
1919
1922
1918
1916
1914
1911
1922
1910
1906
1921
1018
1916
1914
1921
1016
1920
1014
1918
1914
1918
1018
1914
1907
1921
1906
1912
1914
1914
1913
1921
1921
1921
1921
1014
1021
1921
Folsom, Frederick O., Boulder, Colo.
Folsom, Myron A., San Frandsoo, Cal.
Folsom, Richard S., Chicago, 111.
Folts, Charles J., New York, N. Y.
Folts, dara Shortridge, Los Angeles,
OaL
Fols, Leon H., Philadelphia, Pa.
Folz, Stanley, Philadelphia, Pa.
Fontaine, Fred, Yakima, Wash.
Foord, William Malcolm, Utchileld.
Conn.
Foot, L A., Helena, Mont
Foote, E. A., Cleveland, Ohio.
Foote, Roger L., Chicago, III.
Fopiano, Albert B., Boston, Mass.
Forbes, J. Grant. London, Eng.
Forbes, Lowell L, Mason City, Iowa.
Forbuah, Frank M., Boston, Maas.
Force, H. C, Seattle. Wash.
Forchheimer, Landon L, CHnelnnatI,
Ohio.
Ford. Carl B., Cleveland, Ohio.
Ford, Edmond John. Lawrence, MaaSb
Ford, Joe H., Houston, Miss.
Ford, John W., Youngstown, Ohio.
Ford, Lawrence A., Boston, Man.
Ford, Michael A., New York, N. Y.
Ford, Richard A.. Washington, D. C.
Ford, S. 8., Cleveland, Ohio.
Ford, Thomas J., Pittsburgh, Pa.
Ford, Tirey L., San Francisco, Cal.
Ford, W. J., Loa Angelea, Cal.
Fordham, Albert C., Chicago. IlL
Fordham, Herbert L., New York, N. Y.
Fordyce, Alexander R., Jr., New Yoik,
N. Y.
Fordyce, S. W., St. Louia, Mo.
Foreman, Milton J., Chicago, HI.
Forkner, George D., New Castle, Ind.
Forlow, Frank L., Webb City, Mo.
Forman, William, Tonopah, Nev.
Forrest, Leiand 8., Dea Moinea, Idwa.
Forrest, William 8., Chicago, III.
Forstall, James J., Chicago, IlL
Forsyth, Andrew W.. Pittsburgh, Penn.
Fort, Danoey. Clarksville. Tenn.
Forte, Felix, Boston, Maas.
Fortier. James J. A., New Orleans, La.
772
AMERICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
PoHaon, B. W.» Arliocton, Qa.
f^rtwD* Blftoton, Atheai, Oa.
Fortune, James W., Jeffenonvlllc, bid.
Forward, John F., Hartford, Conn.
Foidick, Frederick W., Bost4Mi, Man.
f^didc. Raymond B., New York, N. Y.
Foakett, Walter W., Legansport, Ind.
Fomea, G. A., MonteWdeo, Minn.
F08B, Emeat, Newburjrport, Maaa.
Foater, Alfred D., Boston, lUfls.
Foster, Carl, Bridi^port, Conn.
Foster, Charlea E., Philadelphia. Pa.
Foster, Charlea L., New York, N. Y.
Foster, E. A., Chandler, Okla.
Foster, E. O., Huntsrille, Tenn.
Footer, E. H., Okmulgee, Okla.
Foster, Frank H., Cordova, Alaaka.
Foater, Fred C, Lincoln, Nebr.
Foster, Frederick, Boston, Mass.
Foster, George A., Johnstown, Pk.
Fosttf, George Nimmona, Lincoln, Neb.
Foster, Henry H., Lincoln, Neb.
Foster, J. Manley, Tuscaloosa, Ala.
Poster, Orville H., Jr., Detroit, Midi.
Fbster, Phil B., Del Rio. Texas.
Foster, Reginald, Boston, Maaa.
Foster, Roger, New York, N. T.
Foster, Rufua E., New Orleans, La.
Foater, Stephen A., Chicago, 111.
Foater, Stephen E., JackaonviUe, Fla.
Foster, W. W., Vallejo, Gal.
Foster, Walter H., Boston. Maaa.
fy>aldi, E. J., San Francisco, CaL
Foulk, Tom B., Wheeling. W. Va.
Fonlke, B. L., Wichita, Kan.
Foulston. Robert C, Wichita, Kana.
Fountain, Edmund Jonea, Jr., Houston,
Tezaa.
Fountain, R. T.. Rocky Mount, N. G.
Fourt. Edgar H., Lander, Wyo.
Fourtner, August L., San Francisco. Oal.
Fowler, Adu'.ion J., Denver, Colo.
Fowler, Carl H., New York, N. Y.
Fowler, Charles R.. Minneapolis. Minn.
Fowler, Frederick W., Laconia, N. H.
Fowler, Harley G., Knoxvllle, Tenn.
Fowler. James A.. Rnoxville. Tenn.
Fowler. Leonard B.. Carson City, Nev.
Fowler. W. Thomaa, Jacksonville, Fla.
Fowler, William Everett, Westborough,
19S0
1914
1921
1916
1919
19n
1980
1906
191S
1801
1914
1895
191S
1921
1921
1914
1921
1914
1911
1913
1921
1914
1917
1920
1921
1891
1890
1914
1912
1921
1922
1916
1922
1921
1921
1916
1922
1917
1920
1922
1913
1912
1906
19S2
1920
1910
1921
1922
1922
1921 Fowles, James H.. Columbia, 8. G.
1919 Fox, Alfred G., Bluefield, W. Va.
1881 Fox, Austen G., New York, N. Y.
1920 Fox, Ctrl. St. Louis, Mo.
1914 Fox, Carlton. Wallace, Idaho.
1920 Fox, Charles N., Memphis, Tenn.
1900 Fox, Edward J.. Easton, Pa.
10i7 Fox, Fred L., Sutton, W. Va.
1990 Fox, Gladys F., Sterling, Coku
1918 Fox, Henry I., Norristown, Pa.
1921 Foz» Horace M., Roanoke, Va.
1919 Fta, Isidor, Boston, Mass.
1919 Fox, Jabes, Cambridge, Maas.
1921 Fox, Jacob Logan, Chicago, HI.
1914 Fox, John E., Harriaburg, Pa.
1920 Fox, John McO., MUwaukee. Wis.
1922 Fox» Robert J., New York, N. 7.
1920 Fox, Wilmer T.. Jeffersonville, lad.
1922 Fradenburg, Joseph B., Omaha, Neb.
1918 Frailey, Charlea L., Waahington. D. O.
1921 Frailey, Joseph R., Fort Madison, Iowa.
1921 Frame, Harvey J., Waukesha, Wia.
1921 Frame, John S., Fargo, N. D.
1922 Franc, Jamea J., New York, N. T.
1911 France, Jacob, Baltimore, Md.
1921 Franoe, J. G., Tipton, Iowa.
1911 France, Joaeph 0., BalUmora, Md.
1921 Fraachott, Edward E.. Niagara Falls.
K. Y.
1917 Francia, James D., Huntington, W. Va.
1919 Francia, Robert J., Petersburg. Va.
1914 Francia, W. H.. Dallas, Texaa.
1922 Frands, Wirt» San Diego, Oal.
1921 Frank, Alfred Swift. Dayton, Ohio.
1921 Frank, Bernhardt, Chicago, 111.
1912 Frank. David A.. Dallaa, Tax.
1911 Frank, Eli. Baltimore, Md.
1914 Frank, Hsrry A.. St. Louia, Mo.
1922 Frank, Herman M., New York, N. Y.
1919 Frank. J. D., Dallaa, Tex.
1919 Frank, Jerome N., Chicago* IlL
1921 Frank, John G., Akron, Ohio.
1914 Frank, Julius J., New York, N. Y.
1920 Frank, Lena, St Louia, Mo.
1922 Frank, P. H., Waterloo* Iowa.
1918 Frankel, Frederick, Cleveland. OIiIa.
1912 Frankel, Hiram D., St Paul, Mlna.
1906 Frankel, Louia R.. St. Paul, Minn.
1918 Frankel, Philip, CleveUod. Ohio.
1920 Frankel, William Walter, New Yorit.
N. Y.
1914 Frankenberg, Hemy B., New York, N. Y.
1921 Frankenthaler, Allied, New York, N. T.
1921 Ftankenthaler, George, New York. N. T.
1011 Frankfurter. Felix, Cambridge. Mass.
1920 Franklin, Ooamell S., Shanghai, China.
1917 Franklin. George &, New York, N. Y.
1907 Franklin, Ruford, Summit, N. J.
1912 Franklin, Thomas H., Ban Antonio, Tex.
1922 Franta, J. Andrew, Lancaster, Pa.
1910 Frantx, John Henry, Knoxville, Tena.
1921 Fraaer, Andrew A., New York, N. T.
1921 Fraaer, Arthur G.. New York, N. Y.
1900 Fraaer, Donald, Fowler, Ind.
1007 Fraaer, Georga G., New York* N. Y.
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF BiSMBSBS.
778
m4
1S14
19S8
IfflS
ins
ins
ins
IMS
1014
in?
1922
1919
1910
1914
WB
1«17
191«
19tt
19»
19tt
1908
1921
Iflt
1918
1918
19tl
lfl9
19U
un
19U
i9n
1918
1918
liU
1907
IfU
1980
1908
1917
1988
un
Pnaer, T. B., Sumter, & O.
Tnatr, William C, Omaha, Nebr.
FrttCHt, Paul P., Baa Frandaoo, OaL
Praucntbal, Samuel, Uttle Rock, Ark.
Prawlej, Edward J., Boise, Idaho.
Fraier, John P., New York, N. T.
Frazcr, John 0., Pittaburgh, Pa.
Fraxcr, 0. B., San Juan, P. R.
Ftaser, Robert &, Plttaburgb, Pa. •
Prazicr, C. Clilford, Greensboro, N. 0.
Frader, Florien P., Zanetville, O.
nracier, J. V., Sapulpa, Okla.
Prader, Joaeph W., Tampa, Fla.
Fraxier. Robert, Mechanica^lle. N. T.
Prear, Theodore Du Bote, Viniu, OUa.
Frear, Walter P., Honolulu, Hawaii.
Freaae, Hany, Canton, Ohio.
Frederick, Karl T., New York, N. Y.
Frederick, Rock D., Whiteflah, Mont
Predoicka, John O., Loa Anffelea, Cal.
Predericka, John T., Williamsport, Pa.
Preebey, Harriet, Waahington, D. C.
Freed. Edgar, Portland, Oreg.
Frecdroan, Joaeph M., Memphia, Tenn.
Freehaler, Albert L., Payette, Idaho.
Freeman, Charlea R., Checotah, Okla.
Freeman, Charlea Y., Qiicago, 111.
Freenan, Franklin, Leominater, MaaL
Freeman, 0. R., tciveraide, Cal.
Freeman, Harriaon B., Hartford Conn.
Freeman, John Miller, Pittaburgh, Pa,
Freeman, Robert R., Milwaukee, Wia.
Freer, Robert Elliott, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Freeae, John Henry, New York, N. Y.
FVefberg. A. J., Cincinnati, Ohio.
Freiberg, Leonard H., Cincinnati, Ohio.
Frdtaa, Law. T., Stockton, OaL
French. Aaa P., Boaton, Maaa.
Prendi, Burton L., Waahington, D. C
French, Charlea Newton, Chicago, IlL
French. D. E., BluHleld, W. Va.
French, George A., RiTeraide, GaL
Frtnch, H. Nelaon, Sacramento, OaL
French, J. Conner. Trenton, N. J.
Fivnch, Leroy N., Reno, Ner.
French, Preaton O., Oallaa, Tfx.
French, Samuel H.„ Loa Angelea, Cal.
French, Thomaa E., Camden, N. J.
Freachi, John J., New York. N. Y.
Freund, Arthur J., St Louia, Mo.
Ficund, Emat, Chicago, IlL
Prey, A. B., St. Louia, Mo.
Preyer, A. B., Shrereport, La.
Fribourg, Arnold L., Sioux City, Iowa.
Prick, George Arnold, Baltimore, Md.
Mdman, William M., Cincinnati. Ohia
Fried, Joaeph, New York, N. Y.
IMadBMm. Arthur F.. Denver. Colo.
1921 Friedman, Darid, New York, N. Y.
1921 Friedman, Harry H.. Cincinnati, Ohio.
1921 Friedman, Herbert J., Chicago, 111.
1908 Friedman, Lee Max, Boaton, Maaa.
1018 Friedman, Simon Q., Worceater, Maaa.
1921 Friedman, William, Chicago, IlL
1922 Friedman, William, Detroit, Mich.
1922 Friedman, William Frederick, Minne-
apolia. Minn.
1921 Friedmeyer, John G., Springfield, 111.
1917 Friedrlch, Charlea H., New York. N. Y.
1911 Priedricha, Cari C, New Orleaw, La.
1912 Friend, Charlea, Milwaukee, Wla.
1918 Friend. F. C, aeveland, Ohio.
1900 Friend, Hugo M., Chicago, UL
1910 Frieraon, Charlea D., Joncaboro. Ark.
1910 Frieraon, Jamea Nelaon. Columbia* S. O.
1918 FrierMU, John P., Columbua, Miaa.
1918 Priea. Henry K., Philadelphia. Pa.
1922 Prioux, George E., Stockton, CaL
1911 Priabee. Emeat L., Buffalo. N. Y.
1018 Fritch. E. D., Akron, Ohio.
1921 Pritx, Alfred J., San Franeiaco, Cal.
1921 Pritzel, C. C, DeSmet, 8. D.
1918 Frohman, Isaac, San Frandaco, GaL
1921 Froat, Alfred S.. Kalamazoo. Mich.
1922 Froat, C. A. S., San Franeiaco, OaL
1919 Froat, D. R., St Paul, Minn.
1917 Froat, Daniel Eugene, Sterena Point,
WU.
1922 Froat, Donald McKay, Boaton, Maaa.
1902 Froat, E. Allen. Chicago. 111.
1898 Froat, Edward W., Milwaukee. Wia.
1911 Froat Frank R.. Charleston. 8. C.
1919 Froat, Frederic W., New York, N. Y.
1918 Froat G. Frederick, Providence, R. L
1918 Froat, Henry R., New York. N. Y.
1918 Froat, Hildreth. Colorado Springs, Cole.
1916 Froat. Ralph Aldom, Hankow, China.
1919 Froat Robert W., Beaton. Maaa.
1918 Frost. W. Louis, Providence, R. L
1916 Frothingham, Randolph, Boaton, Maaa.
1918 Frothingham, Theodore L., New York.
N. Y.
1916 Prumberg, A. M., St. Louia, Mo.
1922 Fry, H. Ray, San Joae, Cal.
1918 Fry, Henry Edmond. Boone, Iowa.
1918 Pry, John H., Denver, Colo.
1914 Fry, W. W., Jr., Mexico. Mo.
1920 Fuhr. Robert E., Paragould, Ark,
1922 Pulkirth, L. A., Modeato, CaL
1920 Fullen, Louia O., Ruawell, N. M.
1906 Fuller, E. Dean, Douglaaton Park, L. L
N. Y.
1990 Fuller, Emeat Michael, Detroit. Mich.
1914 Fuller. Frederic E., Seattle, Waah.
1920 Fuller, Howard G.. Pierre, S. D.
1911 Fuller. Jonea. Durham. N. 0,
774
AMSBICAN BAB A8SO0IATIOK.
■LSOTIB
1912 FuHer. PbUIp H., Hastings, Nebr.
1912 Fuller, Pierpont, Denver, Colo.
1921 Puller, Samuel A., Brookline, Mbsb.
1911 Fuller, Tbomss Staples, New York,
N. Y.
1906 Fullerton, wailam D., Palo Alto, Oal.
1918 Fulton, Arthur W., Chicago, III.
1911 Fulton, Minitree Jones, Richmond, Va.
1921 Fulton, Robert Benjamin, Florence,
8. O.
1921 Fulton, Robert M.j Los Angeles, CaL
1906 Fulton, Walter S., Seattle, Wash.
1914 Fulweiler, John M., Auburn, Cal.
1911 Fulwood, a W., Tffton. Ga.
1922 Funke, H. W., Sacramento Cal.
1921 Furber, Charles S., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1913 Furber, Fred N., Minneapolis, Minn.
1912 Furlong, William E., Milwaukee, Wis.
1913 Furman, Daniel G., Swanton, Vt.
1911 Furry, J. B., Muskogee, Okla.
1922 Furst, Michael, Brooklyn, N. Y.
1906 Furst. William, Minneapolis, Minn.
1922 Futch, Truman 0., Leesburg, Fla.
1920 Futrell, J. M., Paragould. Ark.
1912 Fyffe, Colin C. H., Chicago. 111.
1^ Gaass, George 0., Pella, Iowa.
1901 Gabbert, William H., Denver, Colo.
1922 Gabriel, John H., Denver, Colo.
1922 Gabrielson, Vemer, Ft. Dodge, Iowa.
1916 Gadd. N. T., Broken Bow, Ncbr.
1922 Gaddis, Byron E., Sacramento, Cal.
1917 Gadsden, Philip H., Philadelphia, Pa.
1921 OafTney, B. F., New Britain, Conn.
1911 Gaffy, Loring E., Pierre, S. D.
1918 Gafill, John J.. Jr., Detroit. Mich.
1921 Gagan, Thomas, Haverstraw, N. Y.
1920 Gage, John B., Kansas City, Mo.
1911 Gage, Thomas Hovey, Worcester. Mass.
1921 Gager, William Williams, Waterbury,
Conn.
1921 Gaggstatter, Henry D., Columbus, Ga.
1922 Gagliardi, S. A., Tacoma, Wash.
1907 Gaillard, William D., Now York, N. Y.
1922 Gaines, Francis S., Omaha, Neb.
1922 Gaines, Frank H., Omaha, Neb.
1919 Gaines, Frederick W., Toledo. Ohio.
1918 Gaines, J. B., Tallahassee, Fla.
1921 Gaither, E. H., Harrodsburg, Ky.
1917 Gaither, E. L., Mocksville. r C.
1914 Gaither, Paul H., Greensburg, Pa.
1906 Gaitskill. Bennett S., Girard. Kans.
1911 Galbraith, Clinton A., Oklahoma City,
Okla.
1921 Galbraith. J. I.. Henderson. Tenn.
1912 Galbraith, John P., St. Paul, Minn.
1921 Galbraith, William J., Calumet, Mich.
1906 Gale, Edward C, Minnenpolis, Minn.
1918 Gallager, Francis G., Philadelphia, Pa.
1921 Gallagher, Andrew C. Cincinnati, Ohio.
1922 Gallagher, Arthur Gorman, New York,
N. Y.
1928 Gallagher, Harold J., New York, M. Y.
1922 Gallagher, James J., Fresno, Cal.
1982 Gallagher, John E., Tacoma, Wash.
1912 Gallagher, Michael F., Chicago, 111.
1921 Gallagher, R. F., Beach, N. D.
1907 Gallagher, Thomas F., Fitchburg, Mass.
1919 Gallagher, Thomas P., Terre Haute. Ind
1920 Gallagher. William Henry, Detroit, Mich.
1922 Gallatin. Francis D., New York, N. Y.
1907 Gallert. David J., New York, N. Y.
1921 Galpin, Harris E., Muskegon, Mich.
1907 Galston, Clarence G., New York, N. Y.
1922 OaMn, John A., Fillmore, Oal.
1922 Galvin, John M., Council Bluffs, Iowa.
1921 Galvin, M. F., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1916 Gamble. Emmet R., Kansas City, Mo.
1922 Gamble, Harry, New Orleans, La.
1920 Gamble, J. G., Des Moines, Iowa.
1921 Gamble, John B., Athens, Ga.
1922 Gamble, Ralph A., New York, N. Y.
1917 Gamble, Robert J., Sioux Falls, S. Dak.
1921 Gamewell, W. L, Dalhart, Texas.
1922 Gammans, Nelson, San Juan, P. R.
1916 Ganahl, Alphonse E., Corona. Oil.
1922 Gandy, Uoyd E., Spokane, Wash.
1907 Gandy, Newton S., Riverside, CaL
1919 Gann, David B., Chicago, HI.
1918 Gann, Edward B., Washington, D. O.
1919 Gannaway, Herbert, Memphis, Tenn.
1920 Gannaway, Malcolm W., Little Rock,
Ark.
1914 Gannon, Frank 8., Jr., Brooklyn, N. T.
1921 Gannon, George, Chicago, 111.
1922 Gannon, William R.. Jersey Oity, N. S.
1920 Ganoe. F. W., Boone, Iowa.
1907 Gans, Howard S., New York, N. Y.
1914 Gsntt, E. 8., Mexico, Mo.
1920 Garber, M. C, Enid, Okla.
1982 Garberg, P. B., Hettinger, N. D.
1922 Garberson, W. 0., Siblej, lowm.
1916 Garcelon, Alonzo H., Boston, Msss.
1911 Garcelon, William F., Boston, Mass.
1913 Gardiner, George H., New Yorh, N. T.
1916 Gardiner, George N., New Bedford, Mass.
1916 Gardiner, P. D., WichiU, Kans.
1918 Gardiner, Robert H., Gardiner. Maine.
1919 Gardiner, Robert H., Jr., Boston, Masa.
1913 Gardiner. W. Gwynn, Washington, D. C.
1922 Gardiner, W. M., Reno, Nev.
1921 Gardiner, William Tudor, Gardiner, Me.
1914 Gardner, A. B. L., Clayton, Mo.
1911 Gardner, A. K., Huron, S. D.
1921 Gardner, Addison L., Chicago. III.
1914 Gardner, Alonso M., Richmond, Ind.
1906 Gardner, C. P., Mendota, 111.
ALPHABETIOAL LIST OP HBHBSB8.
776
19tt Oudaer, S. &, Ventim, Otl.
19S1 Otrdner, Qtrngt, Wichita, Kao.
19S1 Qardner, Henry A., Chioago, 111.
1902 Gardner, John IC. New York, N. T.
ins Qardner, Perpy W., ProWdence. R. L
1905 Qardncr, Batkbone» ProTidenoe, R. 1.
191S Gardner, Biehard N., SUplet, Iffam.
1981 Gardner, Robert D.. Britton, S. D.
1928 Gareia, Armin J., MinBeapolia, Minn.
1980 GareKhe, Edroond A. B.. St. Louia, Mo.
1911 GarcKdie, Vital W., St Louis, Mo.
1920 Qarcj, Earl J., Chicago, IlL
1918 Qare7» Kugene L., Chicago, IlL
U97 Garfield, Harry A., Williametown, Ma«.
1918 Garfield, Inrin McD., Botton. Maai.
1897 Garfield, Janet R., Cleveland, Ohio.
1988 Garfield, John M., Cleveland, O.
1914 Garland, Francia P., Boston, Mass.
1914 Gaman, John M., Wilkes-Barre, Pa.
1981 Gamer, H. Noel, Alexandria, Va.
1980 Gamer, John E., Springfield, Tenn.
1981 Gamer, John F., Quinc7» 111-
1981 Gamer, Millred 0., New York, N. Y.
1918 Gamett, Charles L., Columbus, Miss.
1918 Gamett, Theodore S., Norfolk, Va.
1908 Garrecht, P. A., Spokane, Wash.
1918 Garretaon, Garret J., Elmhurst. N. Y.
1988 Garretaon, Hiram F., Tacoma, Wash.
1918 Garretaon, Leiand B., Morriatown, N. J.
1981 Garrett, Bruce H., Rockford, 111.
1988 Garrett, Edwin E., Leesburg, Va.
1981 Garrett, George L., Hillsboro, Ohio.
1918 Garrett, George Palmer, Kissimmee, Fla.
1914 Garrett, H. S., Fort Worth, Texas.
1981 Garrett, Thomas, Jr., New York, N. Y.
1919 Garrigues, James E., Denver, Colo.
1988 Garrison, Oarlyle, Jersey City, N. J.
1918 Garriaon, Lindley M., New York, N. Y.
1914 Garry, Thomas H., Clevpland, Ohio.
1919 Garst, Joseph, Douglas, Wyo.
1981 Garten, Stanley, New York. N. Y.
1921 Gartner, Karl Knox, Waahington. D. C.
1889 Gartside, John M., Fort Lauderdale,
Fla.
1981 Oarta. Victor E., New York, N. Y.
1088 Garvan, Francia P., New York, N. Y.
1982 Garven, Pierre P.. Bayonne, N. J.
1922 Oarver, Ohannoey B., New York, N. Y.
1907 Garrer, John A.. New York, N. Y.
1981 Garver, Leonard, Jr., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1918 Garvin, Edwin L, Brooklyn, N. Y.
1982 Oarvin, H. 8|ylve8ter. Spokane. Waah.
1980 Garvin, L. E., Marquette, Mich.
1881 Garvin, Walter B., Chattanooga, Tann.
1904 Garvin. William E.. St. Louis, Mo.
1980 Garwood, Omar E«, Denver, Colo.
1914 Gary, Elbert H., New York, N. y.
1914 Gaiy, Sngane B., Abbeville. & C.
1919 Gary, Frank B. H., Boaton, Maas.
1918 Gary, Hampeon, Waahington, D. O.
1918 GaakiU, Edmund C. Jr., Atlantic City,
N. J.
1918 Gaskill, Robert &, Mount HoUy, N. J.
1981 Qaakill, Roy &, Chicago, 111.
1917 Gasser, Roy C, New York, N. Y.
1911 Cast, Robert 8., Pueblo, Colo.
1908 Gaston, 0. 0., Everett, Wsah.
1918 Gaston, William A., Boston, Mass.
1914 Gatch, Uwia N., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1918 Oatea, Andrew P., Hartford, Conn.
1981 Gates, Oaasius E., Seattle, Waah.
1981 Gates, Edward E., Indianapolis, Ind.
1918 Gates, Elias, Memphis, Tenn.
1918 Gates, Jay, Philadelphia. Pa.
1914 Gates, John Calhoun, Princeton, Ky.
1914 Gates, John H., Pierre, 8. D.
1004 Gates, Thomas S., Philadelphia, Pa.
1912 Oatley, H. Prescott, Waahington, D., 0.
1981 Gatliir, Edward M., Covington, Ky.
1918 Gattell, Benoni B., New York, N. Y.
1911 Gauerke, John W., Green Bay, Wis.
1911 Oaughan, Thomaa J., Camden, Ark.
1918 Gaulin, A., Rio de Janeiro. Brazil.
1921 Gault, Harry 0., Flint, Mich.
1917 Oault, Matthew, Baltimore, Md.
1982 Cause, Fred C, New Oastle. Ind.
1913 Gauthier, Joseph A., New Bedford, Maas.
1918 Gautier. Redmond B., Miami, Fla.
1921 Gautney, J. F., Jonesboro, Ark.
1918 Gsvegan, Edward J.. New York, N. Y.
1914 Gavin. Frank E., Indianapolia, Ind.
1912 Gavin, James L., Indianapolia. Ind.
1922 Gavin. John A., Jr.. Kenansville, N. 0.
1019 Gavin John E., Chicago, 111.
1914 Gavin, Richard !.. Chicago. 111.
1922 Gaw, Ralph H., Topeka, Kana.
1918 Gay, Daniel F.. Worcester, Maas.
1918 Gay, Thomas B., Richmond, Va.
1021 Gayle, Edwin F., Lake Charles, La.
1912 Gsyle, John B., Richmond, Va.
1921 Gaylord, Robert B., San Francisco, Oil.
1922 Gaynor, Frank A., New York, N. Y.
1922 Gazan, Jacob, Savannah, Ga.
1922 Gaday. Frank A.. San Diego, Gal.
1912 Ganam, Jo^j'ph M.. New York, N. Y.
1022 Gearhart, Bertrand W., Fresno, Gal.
1921 Gearheart, B. W., Columbua, Ohio.
1908 Gcarin, John M.. Portland, Oregon.
1913 Geary, Alexander B., Chester, Pa.
1921 Geary. Arthur M.. Portland, Oreg.
1922 Geary, J. J., Seattle. Wash.
1921 Geary. John R., Chicago, 111.
1922 Geary. W. Finlaw, Santa Rosa, Oal.
1912 Gebhardt, William C. Clinton. N. J.
1901 Geddes. Frederick L., Toledo, Ohio.
1918 Gedney, Jerome D., Eaat Orange, N. J.
776
AMERICAN BAB A880CUTIOK.
1922 Gee. Htnr A., YaUejo, GU.
1918 Oeer, William J.. Gallon, Ohio.
1919 Gehan, Prank J.» St. Paul, Hinn.
1921 Gehr, 8. W., Chicago, III.
1919 Gehrz, Guatave G., Milwaukee, Wla.
1980 Geibel, Martin E., Loa Angelea, Cal.
1912 Geiger, Ferdinand A., Milwaukee, Wis.
1918 Geiffer, Frederick J., Philadelphia, Pa.
1916 Geijabeek, John B., Denrer, Colo.
1912 Geilfuas, Carl F., Milwaukee. Wia.
1922 Geiaer, M. B., New Hampton. Iowa.
1921 Geitler, Alfred T., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1908 Geialer, T. J., Portland, Oregon.
1918 Geist, A. Joseph. New York, N. T.
1908 Geller, Frederick. New York. N. Y.
1921 Gellman. Samuel H.. Richmond. Ya.
1913 Geromill. William B.. York, Pa.
1928 Gendotti, Joacph A., San Frandaco, Cal.
1918 Gennert, Henry G., New York, N. Y.
1904 Gentry, North T.. Columbia, Mo.
1914 Gentry, William R.. St. Louis, Mo.
1918 Gentsch. Frank F., Cleveland, Ohio.
1928 Genung, George L., New York, N. Y.
1981 Gensberger, Earle N., Butte. Mont.
1914 Geoghegan, William A., Cincinnati. 0.
1921 George, Austin L.. Pittsburgh, Pa.
1920 George. Gaston P.. Hamburg, Ark.
1981 George, S. A., Ardmore, Okla.
1922 George. W. Boy, Lenox, Iowa.
1913 Gcraghty, Michael J.. Philadelphia, Pa.
1907 Gerard. Jamea W.. New York, N. Y.
1918 Gerecht. E. F., Los Angeles, Cal.
1921 Gerlach, Fred, Chicago, 111.
1911 German. Charles W., Kansas City. Mo.
1918 Germany, J. A.. Dallas, Texas.
1919 Gemerd. Frederick B., Allentown, Pa.
1907 Gerry, Elbridge T., New York. N. Y.
1921 Gerstein, Carl, Boston. Maaa.
1928 Gerstenberg, Chas. W., New York. N. Y.
1928 Gerstle, Mark L.. San Francisco, Oal.
1921 Geaas, Michael, Chicago, 111.
1980 Gescheidt, Albert F., ML VemoB, N. Y.
1919 Qessner, Jessy Benedict. New Orleans,
La.
1908 Gest, John Marshall. Philadelphia, Pa.
1980 Getz, David B., Brookb-n. N. Y.
1922 Ofeller. Alfred, Wenatcfaee. Wash.
1913 Gheen. John J.. West Chester, Pa.
1922 Gherini. Ambrose, San Francisco, Oil.
1921 Gholson. Edwin, Cincinnati. Ohio.
1921 Gibbes, Hunter A., Columbia, S. O,
1917 Gibboney, Stuart G., New York. N. Y.
1921 Gibbons, Austin Flint, New York. N. Y.
1908 Gibbons, Cromwell, Jacksonville, Fla.
1921 Gibbs. A. D.. Manila. P. I.
1928 Gibbs, Frederick H., New York. N. Y.
1916 Gibbs, George A., Pasadena, Cal.
1911 Gibbs, George C. Jacksonville, Fla.
BLECTSD
1981 Gibbs, Ransom L.. Skmx flalK & D.
1921 Gibson. Ben J., Des Mofnes, Iowa.
1918 Gibson, Claude W., Boise, Idaho.
1918 Gibson, ayde. New Ctstle, Pi.
1915 Gibson, Edward Guest. Bsltimore. Md.
1921 Gibson, Fred L., Livingston, Mont.
1919 Gibson. G. N., Walnut Ridge. Ark.
1906 Gibson, George Jay, Salt Lake GHy.
Utah.
1921 Gibson. Gordon. Rockport, Texas.
1921 Gibson, Henry K.. Oindnnstl. Ohio.
1922 Gibson, Irving D., Sacrtmento, Od.
1922 Gibson, J. A, Jr., Los Angeles, Gisl.
1919 Gibson. J. B.. Dillon. 8. C.
18P9 Gfhron. James A.. Los Angeles. CaL
1928 Gibson, Joseph R., Ohiesgo. UL
1928 Gibson, Ulbum. Uklab. OsL
1920 Gibson. N. A., Muskogee, Okla.
1921 Gibson. Philip P., Huntington, W. Vn.
1922 Gibson. Rue O., Fresno, Oil.
1922 Gibson, W. W., MinnsspoUs, Ubau,
1918 Gibson. William J., New York. N. T.
1914 Gick, Frank, Saratoga Springs. N. T.
1898 Giddtngs. Charles, Great Barrington,
Maai.
1921 GIddlngs. H. Starr. New York, N. T.
1916 Gideon, Valentine. Ogden. Utah.
1916 Gidiere. PhiUp S.. New Orleans. Ln.
1914 Giffen. Wallls. Baltimore, Md.
1921 Giffln, D. Logan, Sprhiglleld. HI
1921 Giffln, Nathan P.. New York, N. Y.
1916 Gifford, F. W., Los Angeles, CaL
1914 Gifford, George H., Tipton, Ind.
1907 Gifford. Jamea M., New York, N. Y.
1897 GilTord, Livingston. New York, N. T.
1916 Gignilliatt. William R.. Savannah. On.
1919 Gilbert, Barry. Chicago, HI.
1914 Gilbert. Charlea E.. Nevada, Mo.
1922 Gilbert, CUrsnce H., Portland, Ore.
1921 Gilbert, Frederic N., New York, N. Y.
1921 Gilbert, Harold B., Yakima, Wash.
1919 Gilbert, Hiram T., Chicago, DL
1921 Gilbert, James M.. PlnevIUe, 1^.
1922 Gilbert, Joseph E., Dallas, Tex.
1910 Gilbert, Newton W., New York, N. Y.
1922 Gilbert, S. Price, AtlanU, Oa.
1921 Gilbert, Samuel Harvey. Oiicsgo, 111.
1928 Gilbert, W. I.. Los Angeles. OsL
1914 Gilbert. William B., Portland, Oreyott.
1917 Gilbert, William a, St. Lodia, Mo.
1918 GUchrlst. Alexander, J^., New Ystk*
N. Y.
1928 OHcfarlst, Ck B., lows Falls, Iowa.
1988 Gilchrist, P. C, Lsarena, lows.
1917 Gildersleeve. Henry A.. New York. N. Y.
1981 Giles, LeBoy B., Orlando, Via.
1914 Gilflllan, Alex., nttttarfk. Pn.
ALPHABSTICAL LIBX OF MB1CBHB8.
777
1914 Giltofl, JaniM U., Jr., Ltke Proridence,
U.
int Oilketon, RoMwell r., K«nu City, ICo.
1914 ODkyioo, H. H., Phoenixvllle. Pa.
1918 Oflkywn, T. Walter, PhDadelphia, Pa.
19B 0111, O. ll.» Stockton. Oal.
1918 Gill, Charles C, New York. N. T.
1928 Gill, Charlea O., New Orleana, La.
1918 Gill. Harry B., Philadelphia. Pa.
1911 OiU, Henry Sterllnff, Santa Barbara, Oal.
1988 Gill, Joeepb, Olajton, N. M.
1914 Gillespie, Charlea D., Pittaburffh. Pa.
1918 Gillespie, Georfe J., New York. N. T.
1981 Onieapie, George II., Sprinffleld. HI.
1981 Gillespie, J Hamilton, Sarasota. Pla.
1988 Gilleaple, John L., Dee Moinea, Iowa.
1919 GiTlett, Emma M., Washington, D. a
19S8 Oillett, J. N., San Pranciaco. OaL
1988 Oillett, Bansom H., Albany, N. T.
1988 Gillette, Albert O., Dnluth, Ifiaa.
1915 Gillette, Andrew W., Denver, Colo.
1988 Ofllette, O. F., Hardin. Mont.
1981 Gillette, Ralph, New York, N. Y.
1919 Gilliam, Donnell, Tarboro. N. O.
1988 Gilliam, W. D.. Boottsritle, Ky.
1980 Gilinand. Frank. Memphis, Tenn.
1988 Gillin, Jamea, New York. N. Y.
1907 Oillln. P. H.. Bangor. Maine.
1981 OiDIa, W. G., Cameron, Texaa.
1909 Oilman, L. C, Seattle, Wash.
1917 Oilman. Wlnfield W.. Madison, Wia.
1981 Gilmer, Frank, South Bend. Tnd.
1901 Gilmore, Eugene Allen, Manila, P. I.
1981 Gilmore. Robert William. New York,
N. Y.
1990 Gilmore, S. T., Kansas City, Mo.
1919 OOmore, Wm. Gfrant, Douglaa, Aria.
1907 Gilpin. C. Monteith, New York. N. Y.
1981 Oilruth, Irwin T., Ohicago, III.
1918 Gllaon, John L., New Haven, Conn.
1981 Oirten. Michael P., Chlcaffo, HI.
1991 Giahwiner, D. 8., PUtterille, Wis.
1914 Gittlngs, John C, Washington, D. 0.
1919 Gittins, Clarence E.. Detroit. Mich.
1914 Qiven, Harvey, Washington. D. O.
1911 GJeraet, Oluf, Montevideo, Minn.
1998 Glana, David D., New Yort, N. Y.
1898 Glssgow, Wm. A.. Jr., Philadelphia. Pa.
1981 Glaaler, H. S., Bradentown, Fla.
1998 Glaaaoock, B. Richards, Warrenton, Va.
1918 Glaaser, Herman. New York, N. Y.
1911 Glaaale, Henry H.. Washington, D. O.
1919 Gleason. A. H.. New York, N. Y.
1917 Gleaaon, Fred E., Montpelf^r. Vt.
1890 Gleaaon, John H., Albany, N. Y.
1919 Gleaaon, Walter Burrell, Portland, Ore.
1909 Gleaaon, Walter L., New Orleana, La.
1906 Gleed, J. WUlia, Topeka, Kana.
1980 Glelck, Hany 8., St. Louia, Ub.
1908 Glen, Janea F., Tampa, Fla.
1907 Glenn, Garrard, New York, N. Y.
1981 Qlena, Horace H., St. Panl, Min.
1917 Glenn, J. FYaaier, Aaheville, N. C.
1988 Glenn, WiHiam L., New York, N. Y.
1919 Glennon, Edward T., Chicago. 111.
1921 Gleaner, Jamaa Graham, York, Pens.
1917 Glidewell, P. W., Reidaville, N. a
1918 Gloag, Ralph W., Boston, Mass.
1921 Glover, David L., MiflHnburg, Peon.
1904 Glynn, Martin H., Albanv, N. Y.
1921 Gnagey, U. D., Port Townaend, Waah.
1928 Ooble, Fred J., Santa MarU, OaL
1914 Godard, Porter B., iUnsas City, Ma
1908 Godbey, B. W., Decatur. Ala.
1998 Godbold, N. D., Honohilu, Hawaii.
1918 Ooddard, Edwin C. Ann Aibor. Mich.
1981 Ooddard. Leonard 8., Albay, P. L
1981 Oodebn, Paul M., Ohicago, UL
1981 OodfMy, Walter B., New York, N. Y.
1919 Oodman, Elwood 0., Chicago, HI.
1921 Goebel, Herman P., Cincinnati, Olilo.
1988 Ooen, U. 8., Kl Paao, Texaa.
1918 Ooepel, C. P., New York. N. Y.
1928 Goer, R., DevUa Lake, N. D.
1911 Oeetehiua. Henry R., Columbua, Ga.
1921 Goets, Jacob H., New York, N. Y.
1928 Ooets, Nomun 8., New York, N. Y.
1911 Goff, Ony D., Wailiington, D. O.
1922 Ooir, W. D., Arcadia, La.
1918 Ooggtna, Bernard R., Wiaoonain Rapida,
Wit.
1921 Goidel, Harry A., New York, N. Y.
1919 Gold, Frank M., Flagstftff, Aria.
1981 Gold, William A., Lockport. N. Y.
1911 Goldberg,- Abraham, New Orleana, La.
1988 Goldberg, John J., San Frandaoo, QU.
1918 Goldberg, Samuel J., New York, N. Y.
1921 Oolde, Joseph A., Chicago, HI.
1922 OoMenberg, Charica, New York, N. Y.
1921 Goldffarb, David B., New York, N. Y.
1929 Goldterb, Philip, New York, N. Y.
1980 Goldie, J. H., Detroit. Mich.
1921 GoldiB, GuUie B., New Y<n^ N. Y.
1921 Goldman, Charles, New York, N. T.
1921 Goldman, Frank. Lowell, Maaa.
1918 Goldman, Harry R., Marinette, Wiai
1911 Goldman, Juliua, New York, N. Y.
1920 Goldman, Mayer C. New York, N. Y.
1921 Goldman, Robert P., Oindonati, Ohio.
1908 Goldman, Samuel P.. New York. N. Y.
1905 Go1driK>rough, T. Alan. Denton, Md.
1922 Goldaboroogh, W. Laird, Qreensboro.
Md.
1918 Goldsmith, Aaron, Eaaton, Pa.
1921 Ooldaraith, Alva W., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1928 Goldmlth, Charlea D., Sac Olty, Iowa,
778
AKERICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
1910 GtoldMnitb, DtTld, St. Lonii, Mo.
1910 Goldmith, Iiring L, Santoga Springy
N. Y.
1914 aoldnDith. Karl, Piem. S. D.
19S1 Ooldstein, Bamett B., Portland, One.
1921 Oolditein, Ellaa, Bhrereport, La.
1914 Goldstein. Jonah J., New York. N. T.
1921 Gtoldston, Morria J., New York, N. T.
1917 Oolteroian, Gay, St. Loals, Mo.
1921 Oolta, Oarl3a W.. Sioox Olty, Iowa.
1922 Gonzalea, Antonio G., New York, N. Y.
1921 Good, Clark, Van Wert, Ohio.
1921 Good, D. Sayler, Roanoke, Va.
1982 Good, Paol P., Lincoln, Neb.
1911 Ooodale, Francia G., Boston. Mass.
1920 Goodbar, Alvan J.. St. Louis, Mo.
1922 Goodell, C. J., San Frandaco. Oal.
1922 Goodfellow, Aubrey Z., Fitchburg, Mas.
1913 Goodfellow, Hugh, San Pranciaco. CaL
1911 Goodhue. Isaac W., New York, N. Y.
1921 Goodhue, L. Gushing, Boston, Maaa.
1913 Goodlett, Nioholaa M.. New York. N. Y.
1921 Goodman, Abraham, New York, N. Y.
1922 Goodman, Booth B., Lorelock, Ney.
1921 Goodman, Charles, Chicago, III.
1914 Goodman. Leon, Lyndiburg, Va.
1922 Goodman, Louia E., San Pranciaco, Cal.
1910 Goodman, Mark D., Chicago. HI.
1921 Goodman, Max P., Cleveland, Ohio.
1922 Goodman, W. U., Pairfleld, Oal.
1916 Goodnow, Frank J., Baltimore, Md.
1913 Goodrich, Ben, Loa Angelea, CaL'
1918 Goodrich, Chauncey S., San Pranciaco,
Cal.
1921 Goodrich, Cyrus J., Battle Creek, Mich.
1922 Goodrich, Herbert P., Iowa City, Iowa.
1918 Goodrich, James E., Kansas City, Mo.
1921 Goodrick, Arthur, Antigo, Wis.
1920 Goodson, Walter C, Macon, Mo.
1911 Goodspeed, Alex McLellan, New Bedford,
Mass.
1921 Goodspeed, C. T. B., Chicago, HI.
1922 Goodspeed, Richard Cecil, Los Angeles,
Oal.
1917 Goodwin. Clarence N.. Chicago, 111.
1921 Goodwin, Oodfry G., Casbridge, Minn.
1922 Goodwin, Henry P., Los Angeles, CaL
1920 Goodwin, James B., Des Moines, Iowa.
1917 Goodwin, John M., St. Louis. Mo.
1911 Goodwin, Robert E., Boston, Mass.
1921 Goodwin, W. N., Los Angeles, Cal.
1912 Goodyear, A. P., Wstseka, 111.
1909 Goodykoonti. Wells, Williamson, W. Va.
1918 Gordon, Arraistead C, Staunton. Va.
1921 Gordon, Bernard, New York, N. Y.
1920 Gordon, Clifton DeWitt. Detroit. Mich.
1921 Gordon, Ernest C, Plattsburg, N. Y.
10» Gordon. Francis A., Elisabeth, N. J.
1914 Gordon, George B., Pittriwrgh, Pa.
1912 Gordon, George H., La Cnmb, Wis.
1907 Gordon, Gordon, New York, N. Y.
1919 Gonfbn, Gurdon W.. Springfield.
1922 Gordon, Hugh, Saa Frandaco, OaL
1913 Gordon, Hugh T., Los Angeles, Cal.
1922 Gordon, J. H., TVtcoma, Waab.
1918 Gordon, Jamea Gay, Philaddphia. Pa.
1913 Gordon, Jamea H., McAleater, Okla.
1919 Gordon, Jamea W., Richmond, Va.
1916 Gordon, John W.. Barre, Vt.
1922 Gordon, Joseph B., San Mateo, OaL
1906 Gordon, Maurice K., MadiaonriUe, 1^.
1912 Gordon, Peyton, Waahington, D. O.
1919 Gordon, Q. A., Mercer, Pa.
1910 Gordon, R. 0., Louisville. Kj.
1912 Gordon, W. D., Beaumont, Texaa.
1921 Gordon, WiUUm 8., New York, N. T.
1902 Gordon. William W., Savannah, Ga.
1921 Gore, ThonuM P., Waahington, D. O.
1980 Gore, Victor M., Benton Harbor, Mich.
1916 Gorham, Sidney 8.. Chicago, HI.
1908 Gorham, William H., Seattle. Wash.
1921 Gorman, Geoiire B., Chicago, IlL
1913 Gorrill. William H., San Pranciaco, CaL
1914 Gorter, James P., Baltimore. Md.
1906 Goae, M. P., Pomeroy, Wash.
1906 Gose, T. P., WalU WaUa, Wash.
1918 Goaoell, Frank, Baltimore, Md.
1911 Goss, Melvin C, Boulder, Colo.
1911 Gossett. Alfred N., Kansss City. Mo.
1920 Gotnals, Charles P., Muskogee, Okla.
1912 Gotthold, Arthur P., New York, N. Y.
1921 Gottlieb, H. N., Chicago, HI.
1920 Goudy, Frank B., Denver, Colo.
1912 Goudy, Frank C, Denver, Colo.
1912 Gough, Aurelian* Bruce, Montpelier,
Idaho.
1922 Gough, John P.. Jersey City, N. J.
1914 Gould. Charles D., Minnrapolia. Minn.
1922 Gould, Charles W., Miliord, Mass.
1922 Gould, G. H., Santa Burbara, Cal.
1914 Gould. I^uis K., BrIdToport. Conn.
1922 Gould, T. C, Loa AngeU'S. Cal.
1889 Goulder, Harvey D., Cleveland, Ohio.
1919 Goulston, Edward S., Boston. Maaa.
1921 Gourley, Chester, Beattyville, Ky.
1914 Gourley, William B., Paterson. N. J.
1901 Gove, Frank B., Denver, Colo.
1922 Govern, Hugh, Jr., New York. N. Y.
1921 Oovert, William H., Quincy, 111.
1921 Gowdy, R. L., Xenia. Ohio.
1921 Gower, Eben B., Kankakee, III.
1916 GrabUl. Ethelbert V., Boston, Maaa.
1910 Grace, John D., New Orleana, Ia.
1912 Grady, Daniel H., Portage. Wis.
1921 Grady, Thomaa E., Yakima, Waab.
1917 Graham, A. W., Oxford, N. C.
ALPHABBIIOAL IJ8T OF HBHBXB8.
779
1913 Graham, Arthur B., New York, N. T.
1913 Gnham, Byron U., Washinffton, D. 0.
19Z1 Graham, E. O., Jefferson, Iowa
1920 Graham, Fred J., Ellendale, N. D.
1903 Graham, George 8., Philadelphia, Pt.
1916 Graham, James 11, Springfield, HI.
1921 Graham, John T., Huntington, W. Va.
1921 Graham, Robert F., Pitttburgh, Penn.
1921 Graham, Samuel Cecil, Tazewell, Va.
1918 Graham, Samuel J., Waahington. D. 0.
1918 Graham, Warner A., Bellowa Falls, Vt.
1922 Graham, William S., San Frandsco, Oal.
1922 Grainger, Kyle Z., Loa Angeles, OaL
1921 Gramling. John C, Miami, Fla.
1921 Grama, Walter E., Chicago, 111.
mi Gran. Victor H.» Dnluth, Minn.
1910 Qranberry, William L., Nashville, Tenn.
1921 Grange, William J.. New York, N. Y.
1921 Granger, Alexis L., Kankakee, III.
1919 Granger, George W., Rochester, Minn.
1918 Granger, Perclval H., Philadelphia. Pa.
1919 Grant, Alexander G., Boston, Mass.
1917 Grant, George B.. Boston, Mass.
1920 Grant, James B., Denver, Colo.
1904 Grant, Lee W., St. Louis, Mo.
1906 Grant, Richard F., Cleveland, Ohio.
1922 Grant, Robert, Boston, Man.
1911 Grant, Walter B., Boston, Mass.
1922 Grant, William, San Francisco, Cal.
1921 Grant, William Bullitt, New Orleans,
U.
1918 Grant. William W., Jr., Denver, Colo.
1922 Gras, Francisco Soto, San Juan, P. R.
1921 Grason, C. G., Towson, Md.
1921 Grassham. Charles C. Paducah, Ky.
1913 Graustein, Archibald R., Boston, Mass.
1920 Gravely, Joseph J.. St. Louis, Mo.
1909 Graves, Henry B., Detroit, Mich.
1917 Graves, Ireland, Austin, Texas.
1916 Graves, O. A., Hope, Arkansas.
1916 Graves, W. R.,' Prairie du Chien, Wis.
1906 /Graves, Will G., Spokane, Wash.
1921 Graves, Wm. C, Chicago, HI.
1921 Graves, William O., St. Paul, Minn.
1914 Gray, Andrew C, Wilmington, Del.
1922 Gray, Ben F., Los Angeles, Cal.
1921 Gray, Charles A., San Francisco, Gal.
1921 Gray, Charles R., Pawhuska, Okla.
1921 Gray, Clifton W., Little Rock, Ark.
1921 Gray, Frank D., Cleveland, Ohio.
1884 Gray, George, Wilmington, Del.
1919 Gray, Gordon, San Diego. Cal.
1911 Gray, Henry G., New York, N. Y.
1081 Gray, J. Lyman, Springfield, Mass.
1906 Gray, James C, Pittsburgh, Pa.
1914 Gray, John B., Prince Frederick, Md.
1916 Gray, Morris, Boston, Mass.
1916 Gnj, Roland, Boston, Mass.
1906 Gray, Botcoe 8., Alameda, OiL
1922 Qnj, W. H., LIbby, Mont
1914 Gray, William A., Philadelphia, Pa.
1909 Gray, William J., Detroit, Mich.
1912 GraydoB, Joseph a, Cincinnati, Ohio.
1919 Graydon, Thomas J., CMcago, HI.
1910 Grayson, D. L., Chattanooga, Tenn.
1918 Grayson, David A., Huntsvllle, Ala.
1920 Grece. Edward S., Detroit, Mich.
1906 Greeley, Louis M., Chicago, HI.
1902 Greeley, William B., New York, N. Y.
1918 Green, Addiaon L., Holyoke, Masa.
1921 Green, C. F., Ada, Okla.
1918 Green, David Edward, Cleveland, Ohio.
1922 Green, Edward Henry, New York, N. Y.
1914 Green, Ernest A., St. Louis. Mo.
1914 Green, Ernest L., Media, Pa.
1922 Green, Franklin J.. Greeley, Colo.
1921 Green, Fred W., Guthrie, Okla.
1907 Green, Frederick, Urbana, HI.
1914 Green, Gamer Wynn, Jackson, Miss.
1914 Green, George C, Weldon, N. C.
1918 Green, George M.. Oklahoma City, Okla.
1913 Green, George S., Reno, Nev.
1918 Green, Grafton, Nashville, Tenn.
1914 Green, Heniy I., Urbana, IlL
1916 Green, James F., St. Louis, Mo.
1914 Green, John F., St. Louis, Mo.
1920 Green, John Raebum, St. Louis, Moi.
1910 Green, John W., Knoxvllle, Tenn.
1922 Green, Joseph F., Oreighton, NeK
1921 Green, Louis L., Boston, Mass.
1912 Green, Marcellus, Jsckson, Miss.
1920 Green, Maurice D., Muskogee, Okla.
1922 Green, Sherwood, Madera, OaL
1914 Green, Theodore Francia, Pro^ldenoe,
R. I.
1922 Green, Thomas A., Chicago, HI.
1917 Green, Thomas J., Sault Ste. Marie,
Mich.
1922 Green, William C, Fargo, N. D.
1922 Green, William W., New York, N. Y.
1901 Greenacre, Alice, Chicago, 111.
1906 Greenacre, Isaiah T., Chicagro, HL
1921 Greenbaum, Edward S., New York,
N. Y.
1916 Greenbaum, Leon E., Baltimore, Md.
1918 Greenbaum, Samuel, New York, N. Y.
1921 Greenbaum, W. E., Hollo, P. I.
1922 Greenberg, Charles, Los Angeles, Oal.
1914 Greenbenrer, N. M.. Akron, Ohio.
1922 Greene, A. Crawford, San Francisoo, Oal.
1921 Greene, Frederick L., Greenfield. Mass.
1911 Greene, Gardiner, Norwich, Conn.
1912 Greene, George B., Hoosick Falls, N. Y.
1918 Greene. George W., Woonsocket, R. L
1921 Greene, J. Kent, Chicsgo, 111.
1914 Greene, Philip P.. Lincoln, Nebr.
780
AMERICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
BLECTID
1917 Greene, Richard T., New York. N. T.
1901 Greene, Robert J,, Lincoln, Nebr.
1921 Greene, Thomas E., Cleveland, Ohio.
1911 Greene, Warren E., Duluth, Minn.
1921 Greenebaum, Harry Q., Pontiac, 111.
1921 Greenfield, Arthur D., New York, N. T.
1921 Greenfield, N. R., Rawlina, Wyo.
1920 Greenlee, C. P., Brinklej, Ark.
1921 Greenlimb, Peter B., Ohicaeo, 111.
1921 Greenman, Jene E., St. Paul, Minn.
1918 Greenouch, William. New York, N. Y.
1906 Greenough, William B., Providence,
R. L
1907 Greenafelder, I^mard, St. Louia, Mo.
1911 Greenwcll, W. A., Honolulu, Hawaii.
1918 Greenwood, Albert G., Palestine. TexaiL
1922 Greenwood, Charles P., Dallas, Texas.
1922 Greenwood, Harlow V., Vallejo, Cal.
1928 Greenwood, James A., New Castle, Wjo.
I{i20 Greenwood, Thomas B., Austin, Tex.
1912 Greer, D. Edward. Houston. Texas.
1928 Greer, George L., Los Angeles, GaL
1917 Greer. Jaokf>on. Whiteville, N. C.
1916 Greer, Paul E., Hermosa Beach, OaL
1921 Greerer, James E., Logan, W. Va.
1921 Greever, Paul R., Cody, Wyo.
1918 Greevy, Thomas H., Al toons. Pa.
1928 Giefleniua, A. P., Valley City, N. D.
1901 Gregg, Prank E., Denver, Colo.
1891 Gregg, Maurice, Baltimore, Md.
1921 Gregg, Paul M., Los Angeles, Oal.
1921 Gregg. William P., Port Jer\'{a, N. Y.
1922 Gregg, Will R., New York, N. Y.
1921 Gregory. Alfred, New York, N. Y.
1889 Gregory, Charles Noble, Washington,
D. C.
1922 Gregory, H. D., Ororille, Oal.
1920 Oregoiy, Harry K., New Castle. Pa.
1907 Gregory, Henry E., New York, N. Y.
1921 Gregory, James P.. Louisville, Ky.
1919 Gregory, John J.. Milwsukee. Wis.
1922 Gregory, T. T. C, Ssn Pranciaco, OsL
1918 Gregory, Tappan, Chicago, ill.
1914 Gregory, Thomas W. (Austin. Texaa),
Washinston, D. C.
1916 Gre«ofy, Walter H., Yuma, Aris.
1912 Gregory. Warren, San Pranciaco, Cal.
1921 Oregoiy, William Voris, Louisville, Ky*
1904 Gresham, Otto. Chicsgo, HI.
1921 Oreshsm. Robert J., Ashland. Misi.
1907 Greve, Charles Theodore, Cincinnati,
Ohio.
1917 Grice, Horace C. Newsrk, N. J.
1919 Grice, Warren, Macon. Ga.
1920 Oridley, Bert L., Kahoka. Mo.
1918 Gridley, Ernest C, San Bernardino, OaL
1900 Gridley, Martin M., Chicago, 111.
1914 Grier, P. Barron, Greenwood. S. C.
1920 Grier, Robert C, St. Louia, Mo.
1917 Griffin, Anthony J., New York, N. T.
1918 Griffin, Charles L., New York, N. T.
1918 GriiBn, Edwsrd G., Albany, N. Y.
1914 Griflin, Everett Paul, St Louia, Mo.
1917 Griffin, John W.^ New York. N. Y.
1921 Griffin, Joseph H., Butte, Mont.
1920 Griffin, Marion Scudder, Memphis, Tenn.
1922 Griffin, P. H., Modesto, Gal.
1922 Griffin, Roscoe W., VsUeJo, OaL
1919 Griffin, Sam S.. Boiae, Idaho.
1922 Griffin, Van O. Seattle, Wash.
1918 Griffin, WillUm H., New York, N. T.
1918 Griffin. William J., Detroit. Mick.
1918 Griffith, Barton, Columbus, Ohio.
1921 Griffith, Edward, Manchester, Vt
1918 Griffith, Pranklin T., Portland. Oregon.
1914 Griffith, John Cuyler, Chula Vista, OaL
1898 Griffith. Warren G., Philadelphia. Pa.
1922 Griffith, WillUm G., SaaU Barbara, OaL
19n Griffltha, Pamham P., San Franciaoo,
OaL
1921 Griffiths, Henry H., Des Moines, Iowa.
1921 Griggs, Clarence, Ottawa, IlL
1919 Griggs, Edward M., Streator, IlL
1908 Griggs, Herbert &., Tacoma, Wash.
18B6 Griggs, John W., New York, N. T.
1921 Grigsby, Bruce L., Los Angeles, GaL
1920 Grigsby, Penton Esrl, Portlsnd, Ore.
1921 Grigsby, Sioux K., Sioux Palla, S. D.
1916 Grilk, Charlea, Davenport, Iowa.
1918 Grime, George, Pall River, Ma&
1918 Grimes, James W., Boston. Msa.
1919 Gnmes, Joseph W., Providence. R. L
1922 Grimes, Junius D., Washington, D. OL
1920 Grimm, A. C, Knoxville, Tenn.
1913 Grimm. J. Hugo, St. Louis, Mo.
1921 Grimm, J. M, Cedar Rapids, Iow«.
1921 Crimson. G., Langdon, N. D.
1917 Grimstsd, O. Ring, Billings, Mont.
1922 Orindle, Hsrvey David, Lima, Ohio.
1901 Grinnan, Daniel, Richmond, Va.
1907 Grinnell, Prank W., Boston, Mssa.
1916 Grinstead, Elmer E., Pawhuska, Oklsu
1921 Grismore, Grover C, Ann Arbor, Mich.
1919 Griswold Merrill. Boston, Msss.
1920 Griswold, N. 0., Greenville, Mich.
1921 Groene, John P., Dsly City, OaL
1921 Groeneveld, John A., Butte, Mont.
1911 Groesbeck. Alex. J.. Detroit. Mich.
1919 Grollmsn. Louis, Chicago, IB.
1917 Gromsn, Clinton A., Allentown. Pa.
1921 Orommon. Wilbur D., Hillsdale. Mich.
1922 Groner, D. Lawrence, Norfolk, Va.
1922 Groner, Powell C, Chicago, 111.
1914 Groot, George A.. Cleveland, Ohiac
1920 Grose, Percy W., Detroit, Mich.
1817 Qroas, Charles B., Hartford.
ALPHABBTIGAL LIST OF MBICBEBS.
781
VnZ OroM, Okarlts WeU«, Hartford, Oobb.
1022 Qnm, A«d L., Brooklya, N. T.
ms Groa, Jowph, PhiUdelphia, Pik
1922 Qnm, Jodah, Mew Orlcam, La.
1013 OroM, Paul, New York, N. Y.
ion Oronberr, Jacob O.. Chicago, ni.
1906 Groacnp, Benjamin 8., Seattle, Warik
1017 QroMman, Charles, New York, N. Y.
1004 QroHinan, Emanuel M., St Louia, Mo.
1019 QrcMunan, Mare Juatia, Cleveland,' Ohia
lOltt Oioaman, Mary B», Cleveland, Ohio.
1011 Groasman, Mosea H., New York, N. Y.
1911 Qroanan, William, New York, N. Y.
1921 Groannana, Iiador, Oleveland, Ohio.
191S Grout, Aaron H., Newport, Vt
1921 Grorer, Mortimer 0., Chicago, IlL
1921 Groves, William F., Elixabeth, N. J.
1901 Graeier, Joshua, Denver, Colo.
1918 Grua, Edward T., Los Angeles, ChL
1921 Gnibb, Paul N., Janssville, Wis.
1914 Grubb. WUllam L. Birmingham, Ala.
1919 Grubbs, Charlss D., Mt. Sterling, Kjr.
1897 Grubbs. Charles S., Louiaville. Ky.
1921 Grabba, Wm. Clyde, Pittsburgh, Penn.
1921 Oruber, Adolph A., Oindnnatl, Ohio.
1921 Gruber, D. M., Steobenvllle, Ohio,
ion Gnienberg, George J.. New York, N. Y.
1922 Gobemator, E. S., Chicago, IlL
1921 Gudger. Vonno L., Asheville, N. 0.
1922 Guelieh, Paul, Burlington, Iowa.
1918 Ouerin, Mark E., Chicago, 111.
1921 Guerine, Guy C. Chicago, 111.
1918 Guernsey, C. A., Fostoria, Ohia
1922 Guemiey, Louia G., Los Angeles, Oal.
1889 Ouemey. Nsthanlel T.. New York. N. Y.
1922 Ouerra. Ifiguel, San Juan, P. R.
1918 Guerry. Homer. Washington, D. O.
1919 Guerry, J. B., Montezuma, Ga.
1912 Guesmer. Arnold L, Minneapolis, Minn.
1921 Guest, Lee, Jackaonville, Fla.
1912 Gttggenhelmer, Chaa. 8., New York,
N. Y.
1911 Guigon, A. B., Richmond, Va.
1921 Guild, Clark J., Yerington. Nev.
1921 Guild, Horace, Boston, Mass.
1921 Guilfoyle, Francis P., Waterbury, Conn.
1921 Guilliams, John R., Chicago, 111.
1919 Guinan, James J., Chicago, 111.
1911 Guion, Owen H., New Bern, N. C.
1921 Guion. Walter, New Orleans, La.
1918 Guitar, A. Leonard. St. Joseph, Mo.
1922 Guitermsn, Milton &, New York, N. Y.
1918 Guleke, J. O., AmariUo, Tex.
19U Gulick, Archibald A., New York, N. Y.
19& GuUett. Noah, Springfield, HI.
19SL Oumbsrt, William B., Now Haven,
in4 Gumbos, Fnadi UumA, Philadelphia,
Pa.
1988 Gumble, Heaiy, Oolumbua, Ohio.
1917 Gnmmey, Charles F.. Philadelphia, Pa.
1928 Gumpert, Emil, Stockton, OaL
19S1 Guodlach, 8. a, Wallace, Idaho.
1921 Oung*!. John a, Willcox, Aria.
1915 Gunn, Milton 8., Helena, Montana.
1921 Gunnell, J. M., Chicago, ill.
1919 Gunnison, William T.. Rocheitcr, N. H.
1914 Gunter, B. T., Acoomae, Va.
1896 Gunter, Julius C, Denver, Colo.
1906 Gurley, WillUm F., Omaha, Nebr.
1912 Gurley, WUllam W.. Chicago, HI.
1914 Gurlita, Augustus T.. New York, N. Y.
1918 Guatin, Frsnk J., Salt Uke City, Utah.
1921 Guthrie, George B., Portland, Oreg.
1914 Guthrie, J. B., Indlsnola, Misa.
1922 Guthrie, SUnky W., Loo Aagtlca, OsL
1912 Guthrie, Thomas C, Charlotte, N. C.
1921 Guthrie, Thomaa J., Des Moinco, Iowa.
1914 Guthrie. Walter J., Pittsburgh, Pa.
1898 Guthrie, William D., New York, M. T.
1921 Guy, Arthur P.. Cakes, N. D.
1918 Guy. Charles L,, New York. N. Y.
1921 Gity, Walter B., Waahington, D. O.
1921 Gwinn, L. E., Covington. Tenn.
1922 Qylea, Herbert Edgar, Aiken, 8. a
1921 Haas, Edward K., Poughkeeptie, N. Y.
1918 Haaa. Joseph R.. Salt Lake City, Otah.
1919 Haas, Leonard. Atlanta. Ga.
1922 Haas, Walter Francis, Los Angeles, Okl.
1922 Haber, Joaeph, Jr., San Frsndseo, Ctal.
1919 Hack, Fred C, Chicago. 111.
1921 Hack. Oren Stephen, Indisnapolls, Tnd.
1918 Hacker, Nicholaa W., Pasadena. Oal.
1922 Hackett, O. Nelaon, San Francisco, Cttl.
1911 Hackett, Chatmcey, Washington. D. C.
1922 Hackett, Frank D., N. Wtlkesboro. N. 0.
1921 Hackett, Raymond E., Stamford, Conn,
1922 Hackett, Richard N., N. Wilkesboro.
N. O.
1922 Hackman, Franklin O., Seattle, Waah.
1916 Hackney, Thomas, Kanvas City, Mo.
1807 Hadden, Alex.. Heveland. Ohio.
1917 Haddow, Winfred O.. Ellsworth. WM.
19C8 Hadley, A. M., Bellingham. Wash.
1922 Hadley, Edgar &, Seattle. Waah.
1911 Hadley, Eugene J., Boston. Mass.
1906 Hsdley, Herbert 8.. Boulder, Colo.
1908 Hsdley, Hiram E., Seattle. Wssh.
1906 Hadley, Lin H., Washington, D. a
1922 Hadsell, D., San Frandaco, Oil.
1914 Haeussler. Harry B., St. Louia, Mo.
1904 Hair. Delbert J., Kansas City, Mo.
1919 Haft. Charles M., Chicago, HI.
1907 Haga, Oliver O., Boise, Idaho.
1908 Hagan. Henry M., Chicago, HI.
782
AHEBICAK BAB A8S0GIAII0N.
IMO Hagan, Horace H., Tuba, Okla.
19S1 Hagan, Robert E., Philadelphia, Pa.
1921 Hagans, Samuel L., Oincinnati, Ohio.
1922 Hageman, F. P., Waverly, Iowa.
1918 Hager, John F., Aahland, Ky.
1889 Hagerman, Frank, Kanaaa City, Mo.
1904 Hagerman, Jamea, Jr., Waahingtoa,
D. C.
1906 Hagerman, Lee W., St. Louis, Ifo.
1918 Hagerty, Alfred Q., Washington, D. C.
1918 Haggeraon, Fred H., New York, K. T.
1900 Hagood, Benjamin A.., Charleston, S. C.
1918 Hague, Jowph T., Elizabeth, N. J.
1914 Hahlo, Louis H., New York, N. Y.
1918 Hahn, Edgar A., Cleveland. Ohio.
1922 Hahn, Edwin F., Los Angelea, CaL
1910 Haid, Edward A., St. Louis, Mo.
1920 Haid, Erwin O., Memphis, Tenn.
1917 Haid, George F., St. Louis, Mo.
1913 Hsig, Alfred R., Philadelphia, Pa.
1928 Haight, A. L., Fallon, Ner.
1919 Haight, George I., Chicago, 111.
1922 Haight, James A., Seattle, Wash.
1914 Haight. Thomas G.. Jersey City. N. J.
1921 Haight, William H., Chicago, 'HI.
1921 Haile, Elmer R., Towaon, Md.
1914 Hainen, Frank E., Cleveland, Ohio.
1901 Hainer, Eugene J., Lincoln, Nebr.
1918 Hainea, A., San Diego, Cal.
1912 Haines, Charles H., Denver, Colo.
1911 Haines, Frank O., Portland, Conn.
1922 Haines, Martin L., Los Angeles, Cal.
1914 Haines, W. A., Troy, Ohio.
1801 Hale, Clarence, Portland, Maine.
1921 Hale, Eugene, Jackaonville, Fla.
1919 Hale, Fletcher, Laconia, N. H.
1907 Hale, Frederick, Washington, D. C
1918 Hale, Ledyard P., Canton, N. Y.
1904 Hale, Richard W.. Boston, Mass.
1919 Hale, Robert, Portland, Me.
1915 Hale, Theodore, San Francisco, Cal.
1921 Hale, W. B., Rogersville, Tenn.
1914 Hale, William B.. Rochester. N. Y.
1922 Hale, William B., Brooklyn, N. Y.
1921 Hale, William Brown, Chicago, 111.
1922 Hale, William G., Eugene, Ore.
1919 Haley, D. Greenwood, Jacksonville. Fla.
1920 Haley, J. H., Bowling Green, Mo.
1921 Haley, L. B., Birmingham, Ala.
1921 Haley, L. J., Birmingham, Ala.
1914 Halfhill, James W., Lima, Ohio.
1916 Hall, Alfred S., Boston, Mass.
1921 Hall, Arthur R., Danville, III.
1922 Hall, Chaffee E., San Francisco, Cal.
1920 Hall, Channing M., Williamsburgh, Va.
1919 Hall, Charles H., Macon, Oa.
1921 Hall, Charles J., Dayton, Ohio.
1920 Hall, aare J., Grand Rapids, Mich.
1912 Hall, Claud D., St. Louia, Mo.
1916 Han, Oonnor, Huntiagtoii, W. Vai.
1911 HaU, Damon E., Boston, Maaa.
1916 HaU, David F., Chicago. HI.
1911 Hall, F. Rockwood, Boston, Mass.
1917 Hall. Fitzgerald. Nailiville, Tenn.
1922 HaU, Frank, San Franciaoo. GaL
1911 Hall, Frank B., Worcester, Mass.
1906 Hall, Frank M., Lincoln, Nebr.
1920 Hall. Fred S., St Louis, Mo.
1920 Hall, Frederick M.. Los Angeles, Gal.
1911 HaU. Frederick S., Taunton. Mass.
1922 Han, Frederick W.. San IVandaeo, Oal
1917 Hall, George E., New Haven, Conn.
1917 Hall, Hhrvey T., Roanoke, Va.
1918 Hall, Henry A. L., New Haven, Ooan.
1901 Hall, Henry C. Washington, O. C.
1921 Hall, Heniy T., New York, N. Y.
1918 HaU, Homer, St. Louia. Mo.
1922 Hal], James A., WatsonviUe, OaL
1903 HaU, James P.. Chicago. IlL
1920 Hall. Joseph F., Richmond, Va.
1922 Hall, Louia H., New York, N. T.
1919 Hall, Martin T., Boston, Mass.
1807 HaU, Matthew A., Omaha, Nebr.
1919 Hall, Philo. Brookings, a D.
1921 Hall, Pierson M., Los Angeles, OiL
1980 Hall, Robert W., St. Louia. Mo.
1921 HaU, Ross 0., Chicago, HI.
1921 Hall, Roy F., Bockford, lU.
1921 Hall, Rufus B., Jr., Cincinnati. Ohio.
1913 Hall, Sidney, New York. N. Y.
1922 Hall, Thomas C, Temple, Tez.
1921 Hall, Walter A., New York. N. Y.
1896 Hall, William M., Pittsburgh, Pa.
1914 HaU, William M., Memphia, Tena.
1919 Hall, William 8., Boaton. Mass.
1918 HaU, Willia B., Portland. Me.
1906 HaUam, Oscar, St. Paul, Minn.
1914 Haller, Charles W.. Omaha, Nebr.
1922 Haller, Louis P., Chicago, IlL
1921 Halligan, P. R., Lincoln, Neb.
1918 Hallman. E. L., Norristown, Pa.
1920 HaUock, Blaine, Baker, Ore.
1917 Hallock, Charles P., New York, N. T.
1911 Halloran, J&mes Ambrose, Boston, M;
1911 Hallowell, J. Mott, Boston, Mass.
1914 Halaey, Don P., Lynchburg. Va.
1912 Halsey, Lawrence W., Milwaukee, Wia.
1916 Halsted, A. S., Los Angeles, Oal.
1916 Halverson, George, Ogden, Otah.
1922 Ham, A. W., Las Vegas, Nev.
1914 Haman, B. Howard, Baltimore. Md.
1921 Haman, Thomas L., Pittsboro, Misik
1921 Hamblen, Grace. New York, N. Y.
1919 Hamblen, Laurence R., Spokane,
1922 Hamblin, Fred L., Rivenide, OU.
1922 Hambly, F. J., San Joae, Oal.
ALPHABBTIOAL LIST OF MBMBEB8. ^
783
102S
1014
im
1917
ini
1914
1916
192S
1916
1916
1919
1914
19n
19U
1914
191S
1914
19S1
1929
1919
1922
1914
1917
1«lt
1911
1909
1896
1916
1922
1922
1921
1916
1920
1917
1914
1912
1921
1913
1922
1922
1921
1921
1920
Htmbreeht, 0. F., lowt Oitj, Iowa,
liambrecbt, George P.. MadMon, WUl
Hambj, Randolph P., Pnacott, Ark.
Hamel, Henry a» Biddeford, Mi.
Hamele* Ottomar, Waahinftoo, D. 0.
Hamer, R. M.. Emporia. Kaoaam.
Hanwraley, Andrew 8., New Tork« N. T.
HanalU, Chalmen U., Akron, Ohio.
Hamill, CSiarlea H., Chicago* flL
Handll, Jamca L., Celumbua, Ohio.
Hamilton. Burritt, Battle Creek. Mich.
Hamilton, Oharlea 8.» Chicago. IlL
Hamilton, Clay, Topeka. Kana.
Hamilton, Dexter. Dallaa. Texaa.
Hamilton, B. Bentley, Peoria, HI.
Hamilton, Francia £., New York, N. T.
Hamilton, Fraacia M., Lebanon, Ohio.
Hamilton, Frank P., JackaonTille, Fla.
Hamilton, George B., Wadiingtoo. D. 0.
Hamilton, Henrj A., St. Louia, Mo.
Hamilton, Heuy DeWitt. New York.
N. T.
Hamilton. Herman L., Bgg Barlrar City,
N. J.
Hamilton, Humphrey B., Cftrriaoae,
N. M.
Hamilton, Peter J., San Juan, P. B.
Hamilton, R. L.,' Beloit, Kan.
Hamilton, Robert Gray, New York, N. T.
Hamilton^ Robert R., San Dirge. Cal.
Hamilton, Rolland J., New York, N. T.
Hamilton, W. Howard. Baltimore, Md.
Hamilton, William B., Dallaa. Texas.
Hamilton, Wm. Scott, Fort Madison,
Iowa.
Hamiter, J. H., Little Rock, Ark.
Hamlin, Clarence Clark, Colorado
Springe, Colo.
Hamlin, Hannibal E., Ellsworth. Maine.
Hamlin, O. T.. Springfleld. Mo
Hamm, L. S., San Frandaco. Oal.
Hammel, John O., Freno, Oal.
Hammel, Samuel B., Cincinnati, Ohio.
Hammer, E. J., HUlsboro. Wis.
Hammer, Ernest E. L., New York, N. Y.
Hammer, O. W., St. Louis, Mo.
Hamroerly, Harry, Chickaaha, Okla.
Hammeraley, Charles E., Milwaukee.
Wis.
Hammett, H. L., New (^lesna, La.
Hammett. W. Geonre. Hawley. Minn.
Hammock, H. O., Dermott, Ark.
Hammon, Percy V., Los Angeles. Gal.
Hammond, Arthur B., New Orleans. La.
Hammond, B. W.. Columbiana, Ohio.
Hammond. Henry B., New York, N. Y.
BammoDd, Jamea, Trenton, N. J.
Hammond, Tlieodore A.. Atlanta. Ga.
1922 Hammond. William, Oregon Oity, Ore.
1914 Hampeon, Alned A., Portland. Oregon.
1910 Hampton, Hilton 8., Tampa, Fla.
1910 Hampton, William Wade, Gainemrille,
Fla.
1919 Hampton, WUliam Wade, Jr., Gahiea-
villa, Fla.
1921 Hamrick, Fred D., Ruthofordton, N. 0.
1907 Hanan, John W., Lagrange, lad.
1914 Hanavan, George &, Long laland City,
N. Y.
1921 Hanby, Albert T., Philadelphia, Pa.-
1920 Hanehett, John O., Valley City, N. D.
1911 Hancock, W. Boott, St. Looia. ^Mo.
1914 Hand, Augivtus N.. New York. N. Y.
1922 Hand, Elbert B., Badne, Wia.
1915 Hand. Learned, New York. N. Y.
1912 Hand, Morgan, Cape May Court HooM,
N. J.
1921 Hand. P. Sidney, Oamden, N. T.
1922 Handel, Geonre F.. New York, N. T.
1921 Handlan, J. Bernard, Wheeling, W. Ya.
1910 Handly. Avery. Naahville, Tran.
1021 Han4y Jamea S., Chicago, 111.
1918 Handy, Sherman T., Lansing, Mich.
1021 Hanecy, Elbridge, Chicago, 111.
1919 Hanea, P. Frank. Winston-Salem. N. a
1908 Hanford, Comeliua H., Seattle, Waah.
1904 Hanford, Solomon. New York. N. Y.
1921 Hanify, Edward F., Fall River, Mass.
1016 Hanitch, Louia, Superior, Wis.
1921 Hanley, Henry L., Chicago, 111.
1922 Hanley* Jamea M., San Francisco, Okl.
1906 Hanley, Martin F., Minneapolia. Minn.
1921 Hanley, Stewart, Detroit. Mich.
1922 Hanlon, Oharlea F., San Franciaoo, ChL
1921 Hanlon, Daniel E., New York, N. Y.
1919 Hanlon, Edward K., New York, N. Y.
1922 Hanna, Byron, Los Angeles, Cal.
1920 Hanna, Charles T., Indianapolia, Ind.
1912 Hanna. Richard H., Albuquerque. N. M.
1912 Hannah, Thoroaa C. Hattieabunr. Miaa.
1922 Hannan. George 0., Olympia. Wash.
1922 Hannan, George F., Seattle, Waah.
1911 Hannan. Timothy J., Milwaukee. Wia.
1907 Hanniirsn. John E., Boston. Mses.
1922 Hannon, J. Vincent, Loa Angeles^ OaL
1921 Hannon, John P.. Portland. Oreg.
101S Nsnnon. Jcweph E.. Los Anffefea, Pal.
1922 Hannum, Olarenco S., Richmond, Oal.
1913 Hansbroufrh, G. F.. Blackfoot, Idaho.
1919 Hansen, Otto &, Chicagp, HI.
1921 Hanson, Clarence M., Fort Dodge, Iowa.
1919 Hanson, Femsld L.. Fall River. Maaa.
1919 Hanaon. Walter H.. Wallace, Idaho.
1911 Hanten. John B., Watertown, S. D.
1919 Hapeman, W. T., Chicago, lU.
1921 Harawitx, Abraham, New York. N. Y.
784
AHSRIGAK BAB A6S0CUTI0K.
1928 Harbtr, OHntoa B., Sacrtneiito, OftL ,
im Harbison, Clinton M., Lexington, i^.
1»1S Uarby. Mux E., New York, N. T.
ino Hardage, Joe, Arkadelpbia. Ark.
192S Harden* Clarence. San Diego, OaL
1916 Uardgrove. J. tiilbert, Milwaukee. Wia.
1922 Hardie, Thornton, El Paeo, Texaa.
1921 Hardin, O. B., Leetville. U.
1919 Hardin, G. C, Fort Smith, Ark.
1921 Hardin, J. Fair, Shreveport, La.
1900 Hardin, John R., Newark, N. J.
1908 Harding. Cbarlea F., Chicago. fH.
19t0 Harding, Charles F., Jr., Chicago, 111.
1919 Hording, Edward, New York, N. Y.
1915 Harding. F. C, Greenville. N. C.
1922 Harding, Julia A., Jackaonville, Fla.
1922 Harding, B. T., San Frandaeo, Oal.
1914 Harding, W. L. (Dea Hoines), Sioux
Cit7, Iowa.
Itlt Hardon. Henry W., New York. N. Y.
1921 Hardr, A. J., Ardmore. Okla.
1919 Hardjr, Oarloa a, Loa Angelea, OaL
1916 Hardy, Cbarlea A., Eugene, Oregon.
1911 Hardy. Cbarlea J., New York. N. Y.
1921 Hardy, Bmeat W., Portland, Oreg.
1914 Hardy, Lealie C, Nogalea. Ariaona.
1921 Hardy, B. D., Dallaa. Texaa.
1921 Hardy, Rex, Loa Angelea, Oil.
1921 Hardy, Bobert O., Chicago. lU.
1917 Hardy, Summera. Tulaa. Okla.
1921 Hare, Georgia, Groton, N. Y.
1907 Hare, Montgomery, New York, N. Y.
1900 Hargest, William M., Harrlahurg, Pa.
1921 Hargitt, Bobert P., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1920 Rargrett, Haines H.. Tifton. Qa.
lilt Harkina. George W., Jr., Philadelphia,
Pa.
1919 Harkina, Thomas J., Asherllle, N. C.
1896 Harklcaa, James H.. Kanaaa City. Mo.
1921 HarkncM, f^ank B.. Chicago. 111.
1990 Harlan, Carroll W., St. Louia. Mo.
1894 Harlan. Henry D.. Baltimore. Md.
int Harlan, John Maynard. Chicago, IIL
1920 Harlan, Thoa. B.. St. J<ouia, Mo.
1914 Harlan, Walter 8., Hamilton. Ohio.
1921 Harlan, William H., Bel Air. Md.
1898 Harley, Cbarlea F.. Baltimore, Md.
1912 Harley, Herbert. Chicago. Til.
1918 Harley, J. Bmile. Barnwell. S. 0.
1911 Harlow, Leo P.. Washington. D. O.
1921 Barman, Harry De Jersey. Chicago, 111.
1922 Herman. Jamea W., Taaewell, Va.
1922 Barman, John Newton, Jr., Welch,
W. Va.
1914 Harman, Thomaa H., Pikerllle. Ky.
1921 Harmer. Hugh M., New York. N. Y.
19r) Harmon, Charles N., Enid, Okla.
1896 HamoB, Judaon, dndnnati, Ohio.
1021 Harmon. Boy Xflton, Ohleago, HL
1922 Harmon, U. B., Tacoma, Waah.
1922 Haraagel, George, Oca Moiaca, Iowa.
1918 Harnsberger, George 8., Harriaonburg,
Va.
1912 Hamwell, Frederick W., Frederick. Ud
19U Harper, Donald (Paris, France), New
York. N. Y.
1911 Harper, Fred. Lynchburg, Va.
1922 Harper, H. O., Sioux City, Iowa.
1922 Harper, Harold, New York, N. T.
1888 Harper, Jacob a, U JolU. Cal.
1912 Harper, John F., Milwaukee. Wia.
1918 Harper, Samuel A., Chicago, 111.
1912 Harr, William B., Washington, D. O.
1918 Hanell, John F., Lire Oak. Fla.
1916 Harriman, Charles H., New Haven, Cbnn.
1106 Harriman, Edward A., Waahiagton,
D. C.
1918 Harrington. Howard a, London, B. C.
England.
1921 Harrington, Leon W., Grand Rapida,
Midi.
1912 Harrington, N. B., Bowling Green. Ohio.
1921 Harrington, Patrick T., Chicago. IH.
1914 Harrington Wm. I^.tson, Dover. Del.
1907 Harris, Albert H., New York. N Y.
1918 Harris. Bernard, ' Philadelphia. Pa.
1915 Harria, Brown, Kanaaa City. Mo.
1914 Harria. D. O., Harriman. Tena.
1916 Harria, David H.. Hilton. Mo.
1922 Harria, B. M., Freano, Oal.
1914 Harria. Edward. Rochea' >r. N. T.
1921 Harria, Elizabeth C, Waahington, D. CL
1922 Harri% Fred J., Sacramento, OaL
1912 Harria, George B., Cleveland. Ohio.
1914 Harris Gaorge H., Bochestcr. N. Y.
1914 Harris Beniy B., Deflanee. Ohio
1916 Harris Ini, Colorado Springs. O'low
1919 Hsrris. J. B., Jackaon, Miaa.
1919 Harria, Joe a, Monticello. Ark.
1917 Harris, John B., Maoon, Ga.
1922 Harris, John C, Dallas, Tex.
1915 Harris, John M., Scrsnton, Pa.
1914 Harria. John T., Harrisonburg. Va.
1922 Harria, Joseph, Chicago, RL
1922 Harria, M. B., Fresno, QiL
1922 Hsrris, M. K., Fk«sno, Oal.
1919 Harria, Marvin. Little Bock, Ark.
1914 Harria, Msxwell B. New Yofk, N. T.
1921 Harris, Paul P., Chicago, HL
1921 Harris, Peyton Bandolph, New York.
N. Y.
1922 Harris, Bay M., San Diego, Oal.
1919 Harria, Reeae H.. Scranton, Pa.
1907 Harria, 8. H., Oklahoma City. Okla.
1990 Harria, Samuel Lowe, Oklahoma Cftr.
OUa.
▲LPHABBTIOAL LIST OF MBMBSB8.
786
1918 Hania, Samuel T., Boaton, Maaa.
Iflt Harria, Sidney, Kev York. N. T.
IKl Harria, Thoniaa IL, Lincoln, 111.
1918 Harria, Vermilion, WichiU, Kana.
1915 Harria, Virgil McClure, St. Louia, Mo.
1980 Harria, W. C, Emporia, Kana.
1914 Harria, Walter A.. Hacon, Qa.
1914 Harria, WillUm U., Toledo. Ohia
19S1 Harriaon, Bruce, Pittaburgh, Penn.
iStl Barriaon, a Raleigh, Knoxville, Tena.
1918 HarriBon, Edward C, San Pranciaco, GaL
1982 Harriaon, F. A., Williamatown, Ky.
1988 Barriaon, Q. N.. Brownwood, Tezaa.
3916 Barriaon, Harvey T.. Little Rock, Ark.
1911 Barriaon, J. Henry, Newark, N. J.
UCS Barriaon, Julian 0.. New York. N. Y.
1990 Harrieon, Maurice E., San Francisco, Cal.
1909 Harriaon, Randolph, Lynchburg, Va.
1910 Harriaon, Richard 0., San Pranciaco,
Ckl.
1911 Harriaon. Robert L., New York. N. Y.
1910 Harriion, Thomaa W., Winchester, Va.
1988 Harriaon, Z. B., BlythevUle. Ark.
1901 Harrison, William B., Denver, Colo.
1918 Harrold, Jamea P., Chicago, III.
1914 Ilarrii, Qeorge. Memphia, Tenn.
1914 Hanh. Griffith R., Birmingham, Ala.
1991 Harabroan. J. Lloyd, Hagentown, Md.
1991 Barahman, John Burnett, Dayton, Ohio.
1921 Bart, A. C, Backensack, N. J.
1914 Hart, Charles A., Portland. Ore.
1911 Hart. Prank William, New Orleana, da.
1980 Hart, George. Philadelphia. Pa.
1916 Hart, Henry C, Providence. R. L
1988 Hart, Henry J., Bangor, Maine.
1928 Hart, John B., Seattle, Wash. •
1921 Hart, John W., Loa Angelea, Cal.
1915 Hart, Louia E., Chicago, III.
1917 Hart, Merwln K., Utica, N. Y.
1916 Hart, Richard Huaon, Denver, Colo.
1805 Hart, W. O., New Orleans, La.
1914 Hart, W. R., Iowa aty, Iowa.
1918 Hart, William L., Alliance, Ohio.
1981 Barter, Henry W., Oanton, Ohio.
1918 Bartfleld, Joseph M., New York. N. Y.
1980 Bartigan, Edward, Chicago. 111.
1914 Hartley, M. J., Xenia, Ohio.
1922 Bartley, Oscar B., Des Moines, Iowa.
1906 Hartman, Charles S., Bozeman, Mont.
1914 Hartman. Francia M., Tucson. Ariaona.
1915 Hartman, Galen C, PitUburgh, Pa.
1921 Hartman, Oustave, New York, N. Y.
1806 Hartman, John P., Seattle. Wash.
IMM Hartman, W. 8., Boxeman, Mont
1906 Hartman, Wm. Laurence, Pueblo. Colo,
1921 Bartmann, Henry M., Trenton. N. J,
1916 Bartmann, Moaea, St Louia, Ma,
1928 Bartpenct, J<^ Amitaga, Jersey Olty,
N. J.
1908 Bartridge, John E., Jackaonville, Fla.
1988 Bartstein, Benjamin A., New York,
N. Y.
1981 Hartatein, Barry S., New York, N. Y.
1081 Hartswick, Howard B., dearteld, Pcan.
1981 Hartwell, J. G., Luak, Wyo.
1916 Hartzell. Charlea, San Juan. Porto Rico.
1928 Bartzell, Ralph, Denver, OoIa.
1911 Harvey, A. M., Topeka, Kanaaa.
1921 Barvey, Frank H., Akron, Ohio.
1921 Harvey, George Rogers, Manila, P. L
1918 Harvey. Hubert M., St. Paul. Minn.
1922 Harvey, John J., Lowell, Maaa.
1919 Harvey. John L., Waltham, Mass.
1920 Harvey, John N., Brattleboro, Vt
1916 Harvey, Richard G.. Racine. Wia.
1916 Harvey. Richsrd 9.. Wanhinsrton, D. C.
1922 Banrcy, T. N., Bakersfleld, OsL
1912 Harvey. Thomas B., St. Louis, Me.
1921 Harvey. Wallace P., New York, N. Y.
1006 Harviaon, William G., Des Moinea, Iowa
1009 Harward, Frederic T., Detroit, Mich.
1921 Harwood, Charles, New York, N. Y.
1918 Harwood, Cole L., Reno, Nevada.
1906 Harwood. B. N.. Billings, Mont.
1921 Harwood, Edward E., Oentreville, Mich.
1917 Harwood, Samuel N., Nashville, Tenn.
1916 Harxfeld. J. A.. Kansaa City, Mo.
1918 Hasbrouck, O. D. B., Kingston, N. Y.
1921 Hasche. Arthur H., Watertown, 8. P.
1922 Haakell, Frank H., Portland, Me.
1919 Haskell. Harold C, Boston, Mass.
1911 Haskell, Reuben L., Brooklyn, N. Y.
1911 Bask in, Lincoln B., Hempstead, N. Y.
1911 Haskins, David Greene. Jr., Boston, Mass
1920 Haskina, Earl W., La Junta, Colo.
1921 Haakins, S. M., Loa Angelea, OsL
1919 Haalam, Charlea Raymond, Providence.
R. L
1914 Haslam, Lewia S., St Louia, Mo.
1915 Hastings, Allen J., Olesn. N. Y.
1928 Hastinga, Daniel 0., Wilmingtoii, Del.
1014 Hastings, George H., Crete, Nebr.
1918 Haatings, Gideon B., Winatoo-Salem,
N. C.
1921 Hastings, Milton S, Waahington, Ind.
1913 Hastinga. Q. D., Franklin, Pa.
1901 Haatings, W. G., Omaha, Nebr.
1921 Hasty, L. A.. Wichita, Kan.
1928 Haawell, Charles W., San Francisco, Gal.
1914 Haswell, John P.. Jr.. Louisville, Ky.
1988 Hatch, A. C. Heber City, Utah.
1907 Hatch. Edward W., New York, N. Y.
1988 Hatch, Eugene H., New York, N. Y.
1921 Hatch, Frank L., Springfield. HI.
1909 Hatch, William a, Ypailanti, Mioh.
786
AKERICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
■LBCTSD
1013 Hatfield, Henry R., Philadelphia, Pa.
1922 Hatfield, V. L., Sacramento. OaL
1921 Hatton, Jainea A., Boston, Mass.
1921 Hatton, William D., Tonopah, Ner.
1921 Hauck, Henry O., Oincinnati, Ohio.
1921 Hauer, Edward O., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1912 Haughwout, James Ard, New York, N. T.
1921 Hausberg, Ernest, Charles City, Iowa.
1913 Hause, J. Prank E., West Chester, Pa.
1920 Hauaman, Albert E., St. Louis, Mo.
1921 Hauasermann, John W., New Richmond,
Ohio.
1918 Hauxhurst, H. A., Cleveland, Ohio.
1916 Havard, Charles H., Chicago, 111.
1921 Haven, Harold E., San Francisco, Oal.
1913 Haven, Thomas E., San Francisco, Cal.
1921 Haverty, John M., Pittsburgh, Penn.
1913 Haviland, Henry M., New York, N. Y.
1918 Haviland, John, Jr., Phoenixville, Pa.
1918 Havner, Horace M., Des Moines, Iowa.
1920 Haw, J. M., Charleston. Mo.
1916 Bawea, Hany B.. Washington, D. 0.
1910 Hawes, T. S., Bainbridge, Ga.
1921 Hawke, George S., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1922 Hawkins, Eugene A., Los Angeles, Cal.
1913 Hawkins, Horace N., Denver, Colo.
1904 Hawkins, John J.. Los Angeles, Cal.
1920 Hawkins, Kenneth B., Chicago, 111.
1920 Hawkins. Kirk, Springfield. Mo.
1922 Hawkins, Leslie 0., Winnemucca, Ner.
1922 Hawkins, N. A-. Modesto. Cal.
1907 Hawkins. Prince A., Reno, Nev.
1914 Hawkins, Richard H.. Pittsburgh, Pa.
1921 Hawley, Earl, Poughkeepsie, N. T.
1909 Hawley, James H., Boise. Idaho.
1907 Hawley, Jess B., Boise, Idaho.
1920 Hawley, Joseph W., Trinidad, Colo.
1917 Hawley, R. D., Douglas, Wyo.
1919 Haworth, P. L., Breckenridge, Texas.
1922 Hawson, Henry, Fresno. Cal.
1920 Hawthorn, John Williamson, .\lexandria.
La.
1911 Hawthorne, D. K., Little Rock. Ark.
1919 Hawxhurst, Ralph R.. Chicago, 111.
1916 Hay. Charles M.. St. Louis, Mo.
1921 Hay, ClilTord E., Thomasville, Ga.
1906 Hay, Eugene 0., New York, N. Y.
1921 Hay, Henry, Antigo, Wis.
1913 Hay, Logan, Springfield, 111.
1921 Hay, William Sherman, Chicago, 111.
1918 Hayden, Albert F., Boston, Mass.
1914 Hayden, Elmer M., Tacoma, Wash.
1917 Hayden. Merritt U., St. Louis. Mo.
1922 Hayden, W. H., Seattle, Wash.
1913 Haydon, Wm. Q.. East Las Vegas, N. M.
1921 Hayes, Abner P., Watcrbury, Conn.
1908 Hayes, Alfred. New York, N. Y.
1922 Hayes, Carroll, New York. N. T.
BLBCTBO
1922 Hayes, E. h., San Francisco, OaL
1917 Hayes, George B., New York, N. Y.
1916 Hayes, Howard W., Chicago, 111.
1912 Hayes, James H., Jr., New York, N. T.
1914 Hayes, John B., Rochelle, HI.
1917 Hayes, Johnson J., North Wilkeaboro.
N. 0.
1914 Hayes, P. H., Phoenix, Arizona.
1921 Hayes, Robert 0., Dead wood, 8. D.
1918 Hayes, Samuel W., Oklahoma City. Okla.
1920 Hayes, Walter A., St. Louis, Mo.
1910 Hayes, William A., Milwaukee, Wis.
1922 Hayes, William J., Oakland. Cal.
1922 Hayhurst, L. B., Fresno, Cal.
1921 Haymond, Frank C, Fairmont, W. Vs.
1913 Haymond, W. E., Sutton, W. Va.
1909 Haymond, William T., Muncie, Ind.
1920 Haynes, Delos G., St. Louis, Mo.
1901 Haynes, H. N., Greeley, Colo.
1921 Haynes, J. Marion, Waahington, D. C.
1911 Haynsworth, Heniy J., Greenville, S. C.
1913 Hays, Arthur G., New York, N. Y.
1913 Hays, Daniel P., New York, N. Y.
1914 Hays, Frank M., Binghamton, N. Y.
1920 Hays, George W., Little Rock, Ark.
1909 Hays, Samuel H., Boise, Idaho.
1921 Hays, William B., Oentenrllle, Iowa.
1902 Hayt, Charles D., Denver, Colo.
1908 Hayter, Oscar, Dallas, Oregon.
1916 Hayward, Francis M., Kansas City, Mo.
1916 Hayward, Jonathan B., New York. N. T.
1916 Haywood, Ernest, Raleigh, N. C.
1906 Haywood, George P., La Fayette, Ind.
1921 Hazard, S. Robert, Des Moines, Iowa.
1921 Hazard, Walter, Georgetown, S. O.
1911 Hazelton, Dallas M., Gouvemeur. N. T.
1919 Hazen, Irwin R., Chicago, 111.
1920 Hazen, Maynard T., Hartford, Conn.
1922 Hazlett, William, Los Angeles, Osl.
1909 Ilazzard, Yemon, Monongahela, Pa.
1912 Head, James D., Texarkana, Ark.
1914 Head. John B., Greensburg, Pa.
1922 Headley, Cleon, St. Paul, Minn.
1921 Headley, Sanford A., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1918 Heald, Charles D., Dayton, Ohio.
1921 Heald, George A., Spencer, Iowa.
1913 Healey, J. Ward, Leominster, Maas.
1921 Healey, William F., Derby, Conn.
1920 Healy, C. Walter. Detroit, Mich.
1921 Healy, Daniel M., Chicago, HI.
1916 Healy, Frank E., Hartford. Conn.
1906 Healy, John J., Chicago, Hi.
1921 Healy, M. J., Lincoln, Kan.
1918 Healy, Robert. Fort Dodge, Iowa.
1913 Healy, Robert E., Bennington, Vt
1922 Healy, Timothy, San Francisco, OaL
1921 Heaney, George B., Berlin, Wis.
ALPHABETICAL LXST OF HBMBSRS.
787
1922 RtBoej, Jobn William/ Santa Baibart,
OaL
1911 Heard, Nathan. Boston, Mass.
1906 Heath. Jamea Elliott, Norfolk, Va.
19S1 Heavilin, Roscoe A., Marion, Ind.
1919 Hebel, Oscar, Chicago, 111.
191S Hechmer, John L., Grafton, W. Ya.
1907 Hedgea, Job E., New York. N. T.
1922 Hedgeai Joa. E., Oregon City, Ore.
1919 Hedrick, Edwin, Chicago, 111.
1915 Heebner, Charlea, Philadelphia, Pa.
1920 Heen. William H., Honolulu, Hawaii.
1921 Heiferan, William S., Chicago, HI.
1921 Heflin, Paul B., Streator, HL
1920 Hefner, R. A., Ardroore, Okla.
1921 Hegler, Benjamin P., Wichita, Kan.
1916 Heidelberger, Wilhelm, Kansaa Cltj, Mo.
1914 Heidingafeld, Ben L., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1915 Heiligman, Otto R., Philadelphia, Pa.
1914 Heilner, Joseph J., Baker City, Oregon.
1922 Heine, H. Eogene. Philadelphia. Pa.
1913 Heine. M. Caaewell, Newark, N. J.
1921 Helner, William Graham, Pittsburgh,
Penn.
1921 Helnaheimer, Norbert, New York, N. Y.
1921 Heints, Prank J., Jackaonville, Fla.
1921 Heinta, Michael G., andnnati, Ohio.
1921 Heints, Victor, Cincinnati. Ohio.
1921 Heintnnan, J. W., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1914 Heiserman, 0. B., Philadelphia, Pa.
1919 Heiskell, Lamar L., Memphis, Tenn.
1918 Heitman, Charles L., Rathdrum. Idaho.
1916 Heitman, Numa F.. Kansaa City, Mo.
1921 Helander, William E., Chicago, III.
1922 Held, W. D. L., Ukiah, Cal.
1921 Helfat, J. Nathan, New York. N. Y.
1920 Helfroan, Harry, Detroit, Mich.
1913 Heller, E. F., Wilkea-Barre. Pa.
1916 Heller, E. S., San Francisoo, Cal.
1921 Heller, Isaac S.. New Orleans, La.
1911 Hellier, Charles E„ New York, N. Y.
1920 Hellings. Dana B., Buffalo, N*. Y.
1921 Helm, Thomas E., Little Rock. Ark.
1918 Helm, Thomaa Kennedy, Louisville, Ky.
1919 Helmer, Bessie Bradwell. Chicago. 111.
1922 Helmer, Charles C, Carroll. Iowa.
1916 Helmer, Prank A., Chicago, III.
1922 Helsell, Charles A., Fort Dodjre, Iowa.
1922 Helsell, Frank P., Seattle, Waah.
1878 Hemenway, Alfred, Boaton, Maas.
1912 Hemenway, Charles R., Honolulu,
Hawaii.
1921 Hemingway, William, University, Miss.
1912 Hemingway, Wilson E., Little Rock.
Ark.
1912 Hemlock, Daniel J.. Waukesha, Wia.
1907 Bemmens, Henry J., New York, N. Y.
1921 Hemmlngway, R. S., Bloomsburg, Penn.
■LBCTED
1922 HemphiU, Edward Strobel. fackaotiTnie.
Fla.
1922 Hemphill, John Mickle, Philadelphia.
Pa.
1920 Hemple, Oustaf A., Turlock, Cal.
1914 Hempstead, Clark. Minneapolis. Minn.
1922 Hench, George M., Tracy, Cal.
1920 Heridersbot. C. L.. Denver, Colo,
1922 Henderson,' A. 8., Las Vegaa, Ncr.
1922 Henderaon, Charles B., Elko, Ner.
1912 Henderson, t>. C, Lima, Ohio.
1914 Henderson, Daniel B.. Washington, D. O.
1917 Henderson, Devereaux, St. Louia, Mo.
Iiri2 Henderaon, G. D., Little Rock. Ark.
1910 Henderson, George. Philadelphia, Pa.
1919 Hoideraon, Harry B., Jr., Cheyenne.
Wyo.
1912 , Henderson, Hiram Hunt, Ogden, U^yih.
1921 Henderaon, J. A., Jefferson. Iowa.
1918 Henderson, John H., Des Moines, Iowa.
1913 Henderson. John J., Meadville, Pa.
1807 Henderaon, John M.. Cleveland, Ohio.
1918 Henderaon, Joseph W., Philadelphia. Pa.
1920 Henderaon, O. J.. Webster City. Iowa.
1013 Henderaon, Robert A., Altoona, Pa.
1916 Henderson, Samuel J., Philadelphia, Pa.
1918 Henderson, T. S., Cameron, Tex.
1922 Henderaon. Wilbur, Portland, Ore.
1922 Henderson, William B., Minneapolta,
Minn.
1911 Henderson, William G., Washington,
D. C.
1013 Henderaon, William O., Columbua, Ohio.
1922 Hendren, F. B., Wilkeaboro, N. C.
1911 Hendren, W. M., Winston-Salem, N. 0.
1922 Hendrickson, Robert E., New York,
N. y.
1931 Hendricks, Henry S., New York, N. Y.
1917 Hendricks, John A., Marshall, N. O.
1914 Hendricks, Philip A., Boaton, Maas.
1916 Hendrix, Frank C, New London, Mo.
1921 Hendry, Alex S., McPherson, Kan.
1920 Hendryx, Coy W., Dowagiac. Mich.
1922 Heney, Francia J., Loa Angeles, Cal.
1913 Hengstlcr, Louis T., San Francisco. Cal.
1921 Henley, Benjamin J., Reno, Mev.
1919 Henley, Nor>'eIl L., Williamsburg, Va.
1921 Henneberry, James W., Eagle Grove,
Iowa.
1917 Henney, William P., Hartford, Conn.
1011 Henning, Edward J., Washington, D. 0.
1922 Henning, Frank A., Lodi, Cal.
1914 Henning, Robert, Fairbury, 111.
1920 Henning. Thomaa C, St. Louis. Mo.
1922 Hennings, Abraham J.. Chicago, 111.
1922 Henriquea, Edouard F., New Orleans.
La.
788
AMERICAN BAB AS8OGIATI0K.
1921 Henrique*, Fernando, New York, N. T.
1911 Henriques, Jamet C, New Orleana* La.
1918 Henry, Burt W., New Orleans, La.
1918 Henry. C. V., Lebanon, Pa.
7921 Heniy, Elbert A., Little Rock, Ark.
1921 Henry, Ed. D., Springfield, 111.
1909 Henry, George F., Dea Moines, lova.
1920 Heniy. H. D., liangum, Okla.
1917 Henry, J. Porter, St Loula, Mo.
1921 Henry, Lewis, Elmira, N. T.
1921 Henry, Louis, Chicago, HI.
1921 Henry,' Robert L., Jr., WaahingtoB,
' D. O.
1914 Henry, Thomas W, Washington, D. 0.
1922 Henry, W. T., Dallas, Tex.
1921 Hensel. Donald D., Muncle, Ind.
1922 Henshall, R. F., San Francisco, OaL
1912 HeniAiaw, John, Providence, R. I.
1920 Henshaw, Marshall B., Honolulu, Hawaii.
1921 Henshaw. Stanl^r K., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1918 Hemley, Charles G., New York, N. Y.
1920 Henaon, Charles L^, Mt. Vernon, Mo.
1918 Henson, J. O., Martinsburg, W. Va.
1980 Henson, L. M., Poplar Bluff. Mo.
1918 Hepburn, C. J., Philadelphia, Ps.
1897 Hepburn, Charles M., Bloomlngton, lad.
1922 Herald, Ernest B., Seattle, Wash.
1916 Herbert, James, Brooklyn, N. Y.
1921 Herbert, Paul W., Chicago, Ul.
1909 Herbert, Robert Beverly, Columbia,
8. C.
1922 Herbruck, Wendell. Canton. Ohio.
1914 Hereford, Frank H., Tucson, Arisona.
1921 Herget, Roacoe, Peoria, HI.
1915 Herkimer. Bert 8., New York. N. Y.
1922 Herman, Maxwell R., Chicago, HL
1909 Herman, Samuel A., Winated, Conn.
1914 Hermann, John C, Cincinnati, Ohio.
1914 Hemandea, Joae Conrado, San Juan.
P. R.
1914 Hemdon, Charles W., Kingman, Ariaona.
1921 Hemdon, Gray, Springfield, lU.
1921 Hero, William Sommer, New Orleans,
U.
1900 Herold, S. L., Shreveport, La.
1922 Herr, Dougal, Hoboken, N. J.
1919 Herr, Henry P., Boston, Mass.
1906 Herr, Willis B., Seattle. Wash.
1918 Herrick, D. Cady, Albany, N. Y.
1922 Herrick, Frederick IC., New York, N. Y.
1916 Herrick, Myron T., Cleveland. Ohio.
1918 Herrick, Robert F., Boston, Mass.
1914 Herrick, Samuel, Washington. D. O.
1922 Herrick, W. K., Cherokee, Iowa.
1921 Herrick, Walter D., Chicago, 111.
1918 Hemn. William P., San Francisco, Cal.
1922 Harrington, B. A., Los Angeles, Cal.
1894 BerringtoD, Caas £., Denver, Colo.
1906 Herrington, Fred, Denver, Cola
1922 Herrington, George, 8ui Frandaoo, OaL
1919 Herriott, Irving, Chicago, HI.
1921 Herrod, A. J., Kansas City, Kan.
1912 Herron, Joseph C, Kokomo, Ind.
1920 Herron, W. W., Trenton, Tenn.
1901 Hersey. Henry J., Denver, Colo.
1922 Bershfield, A., New York, N. T.
1918 Herts, A. J., St Paul. Mian.
1911 Hertxog, D. M., Uniontown, Pa.
1917 Hertwiff, Herman S., New York, H. Y.
1911 Hervey, Jamca M., Roswell, N. IL
1921 Hervey, Wm. Rhodes, Loa Angelea, CU.
1914 Herzberg, Max., Philadelphia, Pa.
1914 Heraog, Paul M., New York, N. Y.
1919 Heskett, Frank H.. San Diego. OaL
1922 Hess, Andrew J., Sidney, Ohia
1921 Hess, Franklin, Chicago, HL
1921 Hess, Harvey W., Hebron, Neb.
1917 Hess, Jerome Ssylea, New York, N. T.
1916 Hess, Sylvan E.. St. Paul. Minn.
1922 Hess, William T., San Francisco, OaL
1922 Hessick, Delbert A., Florence, Oolo.
1920 Hetchler, Albert J., Detroit,. Mich.
1921 Hetfleld, WaV-r L., Jr., Plainfleld. N. J.
1922 Hettman, Walter E., San Franciaeo. OiL
1904 Heuisler, Charles W., Baltimore, Md.
1922 Heward, Harlan h., Reno, Nev.
1921 Hewea, Thomss, Hartford, Conn.
1921 Hewitt, Benjamin H., Mystic, Ooim.
1918 Hewitt, Harrison, New Hsven, Conn.
1922 Hewitt, Hany R., Minneapolis, Minn.
1921 Hewitt. John Vance, New York, N. Y.
1922 Hewitt, Leslie R, Los Angeles, CU.
1904 Hewitt, Luther B., Philadf>lphia, Pn.
1916 Hewitt, Robert A., Mayaville, Mo.
1918 Hewitt. Thomas D., New York, N. T.
1919 Hextell, Carl Bert, Dea Moines, Iowa.
1921 Heydt, Herman A., New York. N. T.
1921 Heyl. Clarence W, Peoria, 111.
1919 Heyman, Arthur, Atlanta, Oa.
1922 Heyman,- Henry K., N«w York, K. Y.
1918 Heyn, Bernard G., New York, N. T.
1920 Heyward, George 0., Jr., Savannah, Oa.
1922 Hejrwood, John Guthrie, San Fnnciaco.
Cal.
1921 Hiatt, William M., Los Angelea. OaL
1922 Hibbard, Charles B., Laoonla, N. H.
1919 Hibben, Samuel E„ Chicago, lU.
1913 Hibberd. D. P., PhilsdelphU, Pa.
1912 Hice, Agnew, Beaver, Pa.
1920 Hickam. John P.. Stillwster, Okla.
1916 Hickcox, Rosa T.. Elcentro, OaL
1917 Hickenlooper, Smith. Cincinnati, Ohlow
1921 Hickey, James H., New York, N. Y.
1918 Hickey, John Jl. Wsahington. D. a
1914 Hickey, Mayo B., Alboqnerqoe, N. M.
1980 Hickey, Rufua IL, XonMowiu
ALFHABBTICAL IJ8T OF 1CB1CBER8.
789
ins
vn»
ins
1918
iii6
IMO
ins
mi
1921
ins
IMS
liis
inr
ms
1920
1922
ins
1921
190S
19U
ins
in4
ini
1921
USl
1920
mi
1920
ins
1922
1M4
mi
191S
1020
190S
isn
in4
191S
1909
1919
i9n
1921
1922
1909
1921
ins
Hl^i^, W, N.p Monriitown, Tmi.
Hickimui, Undley ADiwii, Looifvflle,
RIekok, T. &, Canton, Pn.
Hiekox, Chtrl^ B., New York, N. T.
Hickt, A. R., Twin Falls, Idaho.
Hicks, Arthur P., Detroit. Miefa.
Hicks, n. A., Demrer, Colo.
Hicks, R. Randolph, New York, N.- Y.
Hicks, Thurston T., Henderson, N. O.
Hicks, Xenophon, Clinton, Tenn.
Hicks, Yale. San Antonio, Texas.
Hlentt, Clarence C, Louisville, Ky.
Hifbee, Hany. Pittsteld, IlL
Higbee, Jesse B., U Crosse. W1&
Higdon, T. B., Atlanta, Ga.
Hiffinbolhaa, Bnfus L., Bowling Oksb.
Mo.
Higffins, Alvln If., New York, N. Y.
Higgins, Bdwaid r., Kenosha, Wisi
Biggins, Edwin W., Norwich, Coul
Higgins, Grore L., Syracuse, N. Y.
Higrins, John a, Seattle, Wssh.
Higgins, Joseph C, Naahrille, Teim.
Higgins. Richard J., Kansss City, Bans.
Higyins, Richsrd T., Winsted. Com.
Higgins, William R., Indianapolis, ted.
Hight, Clarence Albert, Boston, Mass.
Higley, Brodie G., New York. N. Y.
Higlcy, Charles, dereland, Ohio.
Rilbun, Henry. Laurel, Mias.
Hildreth, llelyin A., Fargo, N. D.
HiU, Arthur Dehon, Boaton, Hasa.
Hill, Ben C. Tucson, Ark.
Hfll, Oarl N.. Madison, Wia.
Hill, Cbarlas A., Fresno, CaL
Hin, Daykl W., Poplar BlufT. Mo.
Hni, Donald Mackay, Boston. Mass.
Hill. Gala a, Albaqy, Oregon.
Hill, George A., Jr., Houston, Tex.
HIU, Oeofgt 0., IndianapoUSk Ind.
Hill, Heniy W., Buffalo. N. Y.
HiU, Ira A., Cherokee, Okla.
Hill, J. P., 9uk Angelo, Texaa.
Hill, James Gilbert, Lowell, MasL
Hill. John W., Chicago. Hi.
Hill, Joseph M., Fort Smith, Ark.
Hill, Luther, Boston, Mask
HiU, O. 8., Kansas City, Mo.
Hill, Philip 8.. New York, N. Y.
HiU, Sam B.. WaterrUle. Wash.
BUI, Samuel. Seattle, Wash.
Bill, Sberwln A., Detroit, Mich.
Hill, Thomaa A., New York, N. Y.
Hill, Walter B., E. Liverpool, Ohio.
Hfll, Walter L., Scranton, Pa.
Hilloary, Louis R*, Terre*Haute, Ind.
HiUss^ WOllam &» Wllminffton, Del.
ins Hillhottse, James, New Ham. C/vmi.
1922 Billiard, Benjamin Ol, Denver, Odin.
1922 HlUman, Archibald M., Worcester. Maaa.
191S Hills, A. T.. Cleveland, Ohio.
1021 Hilla, Charles W., Jr., Chicago, HL
mi Hills, George E., Boston, Mas.
1922 HiUyer, Curtia, San Diego, Cal.
1920 Rillyer, Granby, Lamar, Colo,
ms Hilton, Clifford L., St. Paul, Minn,
ms Hfltott, George, Oshkosh, Wk.
1918 Himel. Ren« H.. Frsnklin. La.
1922 Htanmel, James A., San Francisco, OaL
1922 Himrod, William B., Los Angeles, Oal.
1921 Hinchcliffe, Louk V., Paterson. N. J.
ms Hinekl^, Frank E., San Franciaco, CaL
1906 Hinckley, Frank L., Providence, R. I.
in4 Hinckley. John C, Philadelphk, Pa.
ISn Hincks, Carroll C, Watcrbury, Conn.
ISn Hindman, Albert C, Ancon, Oinal
1922 Hindman, Charles a, Portland, Ort^
1921 Hinda. A. C. Kingstree. 8. C
m4 Hine. Charles P., Cleveland. Ohio,
m? Hines, Charles A., Greensboro, N. O.
1807 Hines, Clark B., Bellville. Ohio.
19n Hines, David G., Benkelman. Neb.
1921 Hines, Patrick A., Chicago. lU.
ins Hines, T. D., Jackson. Mo.
1911 Hines. Walker D., New York, N. Y.
19n Hinkel, Frederick A., HamUton, Ohio.
1921 Hinkle, Philip. Cincinnati, Ohio.
1801 Hinklcy. John. Baltimore. Md.
1922 Hinman, A. A., Laa Vegas, Nev.
1921 Hinman, Harold J., Albany, N. Y.
inZ Hinrichs, Alfred B., New Ydrk, N. Y.
in4 Hinrichs. Frederic W., New York, N. Y.
1908 Hinton, Edward W., Chicago, lU.
in4 Hippie, Henry, Williamsport, Pa.
1921 Hippler, C. Harold, Canton, HI.
1920 Hirsch, A. L., St. Louis. Mo.
1920 Hirsch, Albert C. Pittsburgh, Pa.
1921 Hiisch, Edward L., Burlington, Iowa.
191S Hirsch, Harold, Atlanta. Ga.
m4 Hirsch. J. K., Vicksburg, Miss.
m7 Hirsch, Morrk J., New York, N. Y.
1906 Hirschberg, Henry, Newburgb, N. Y.
1918 Hirschberg, M. H.. Newburgh, N. Y.
in4 Hirsh, Hugo. New York, N. Y.
1906 Hirsh, J., Vicksburg. Miss.
in2 Hisoock, Frank R., Syracuse, N. Y.
ISBS Risky* Thomas Foley, Baltimore, Md.
1906 Histed, Clifford. Kansaa City, Mo.
1921 Hitch, Marcoa, Chicago, Ul.
mi Hitch, Mayhew R.. New Bedford, Mass-
1922 Hitch, Robert M., Savannah, Ga.
1907 Hitchcock, George C, St. Lonis^ Ma
19n Hitdiooek, Hofaert B., Mitchell, 8. D.
790
AMfiBIOAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
1911 Hitchcock, WUliam Harold, BoBton,
IfML
1820 Bite, Charles M., Honolulu, Hawaii.
1914 Hite, D. R., Topeka, Kana.
1912 Hitt, Rector C, OtUwa, 111.
1912 Hlxflon, Virgil I., Maniatique, Mich.
1922 Hlarac, Albert, Jr., New York, N. T.
1878 Boadljr, George, Cincinnati, Ohio.
1912 Hoag, Parker H., Chicago, 111.
1911 Hoague, Theodore, Boston, IfaiB.
1921 Hoar, David B.. Springileld, ICaas.
1922 How, Friend, New York, N. Y.
1922 Hoar, Samuel, Boston, Maai.
1918 Hoban, Owen A., Gardner, Maaa.
19U Hobart, Ralph W., Oerlng, Nehr.
1916 Hobbie, Reeve, Kankakee, HL
1911 Hobbe, Elon S., New York, N. Y.
1928 Hobbe, H. W., San Franciaco. Cal.
1921 Hobbs, T. Oibaon, Ljmchburg, Va.
1921 Robba, William C. G., Lexington, Ej,
1916 Hobein, Frank A, St Louia. Mo.
1917 Hochberg, Oacar, New York, N. Y.
1913 HochsUdter, Hany C. Philadelphia, Pa.
1913 Rocker, J. W., Loa Angeles, OrI.
1906 Hodgdon, C. W., Hoquiara, Wash.
1920 Hodgdon, Waldo Colbum, Roston, Maas.
1910 Hodges, Arthur B., Charleston, W. Va.
1921 Hodges, Charles M., Portland, Oreg.
1921 Hodges, Ernest Stanlej", Chicago, HL
1911 Hodges, Frank B., Syracuse, N. Y.
1913 Hodges, George C, Boston, Mass.
1901 Hodges. George L., Denver, Colo.
1912 Hodges, Vernon E., Washington, D. 0.
1906 Hodges, William V., Denver, Colo.
1920 Hodghead, Beverly L., San Francisco,
CaL
1018 Hodgson, J. M., Cheyenne, Wyo.
1916 Hodaon, Clarence, New York, N. Y.
1922 Hoeffler, J. N., Cle Elum, Wash.
1913 Hoefler. Henry A., Philadelphia. Pa.
1922 Hoefler, L. M., San Francisco, CaL
1914 Hoes, Ernest P., New York, N. Y.
1921 Hocy, Clyde R., Shelby, N. 0.
1922 Hoey, James F., Martinez, Cal.
1921 Hofr, Alonzo, Springfield, 111.
1909 Hoffheimer, Harry M., Cincinnati. Ohio.
1921 Hoffman. Bemhart Eliot, New Haven,
Conn.
1022 Hoffman, Calvin W., Leon, Iowa.
1914 Poffman. Charlps W.. CinHnnati, Ohio.
1922 Hoffman, E. E., Richfield, Utah.
1921 Hoffman, Herman, New York, N. Y.
1913 Hoffman. John D., Bethlehem, Pa.
1921 Hoffman, Julius J., Chicago, HI.
1919 Hoffman, Leo W., Chicago. 111.
1921 Hoffmeister, Charles H., Cincinnsti,
Ohio.
1921 Hoffstatter, E. W., Nyack, N. Y.
BLBCTKD
1914 Uofnayer, I. J., Albany, Georgia.
1981 Hofstra, Peter, Paterson, N. J.
1911 Hogan, Frank J., Washingtofi. D. O.
1922 Hogan, Frank P., Fonda, Iowa.
1913 Hogan, George M., St Albana, Vt
1912 Hogan, Granville, St Louis, Mo.
1914 Hogan, John E., Taylorville, IlL
1921 Hogan, John W., Albany. N. Y.
1916 Hogan, Robert S., West Plains, Mow
1921 Hogan, Vi^pent, Canon, N. D.
1922 Hogan, WiUiam A., Lowell, Maas.
1922 Hoge, J. Hampton, Saa Francisco, Oal.
1909 Hogg, Charles E., Point Pleasant. W. Va.
1919 Hogin, John C, Belleville, Kaiw.
1913 Uogsett, William S., Kanaas City. Mol
1912 Hogue, Arthur S., Plattsbnrgh, N. T.
1916 Hogueland. E. H., Topeka, Kansi
1928 Hohfeld, Edward, San Frandsco, OaL
1921 Hoke, Clem V., Van Wert, Ohio.
1922 Hoke, George, MInneapolia, Minn.
1082 Holbrook, Evans, Ann Arbor, Mbch.
1912 Holbrook, Ralph S., Toledo, Ohio.
1914 Holbrook, T. J., Galveston, Texas.
1914 Holcomb, A. T., Portsmouth, Ohio.
1907 Holcomb, Alfred E., New York, N. T.
1916 Holcomb, Chauncey P., Shanghai. Ghtaa.
1922 Holcomb, Grant, San BemardiiM). CM.
1919 Holcomb, Margaret X. Kempley, Ijos
Angeles, Cal.
1919 Holcomb, William H., Loa Ai^dea, Oal.
1921 Holden, Renedict M., Hartford, Ooul
1919 Holden, Charles R., Chicagt), HL
1913 Holden, Frederick Wm., Ansoala, Coaii.
1921 Holden, H. M., Oorpua Ghristi, Tuna.
1921 Holden, Walter &, Chicago, IR.
1913 Holding, A. M., West Chester, Pa.
1914 Holding, Sam, Columbia, Tenn.
1889 Holdom, Jesse, Chicago, III.
1921 Holladay, O. K., Oookcville, Tsim.
1911 Holland, Bert E., Boston, Mass.
1913 HoUand, Edward Evarett, Washioiftoa,
D. C.
1921 Holland, George F., Dayton, Ohio.
1920 Holland. John H., Fort Smith, Affc.
1918 Holland, Rush L., Washington, D. CL
1921 Holland, S. L., Bartow, Fla.
1922 Holland, Thomaa M.. Eau Claire, Wis.
1915 Hollen, Richard R.. Chicago, 111.
1921 Hollencamp, Henry H., Dayton, Ohio.
1917 H oil era n. F. L., Clinton, Iowa.
1922 Holley, Myle J., New York, N. T.
1011 Holliday, John Hodgman. St Louia, Mo.*
1914 Holliday, Robert L., El Paso, Texaa.
1916 Holliday. W. T., Cleveland. Ohio.
1922 Hollingsworth, A. W., Healdrinirg, OUL
1919 Hollingsworth, Abraham, Keoknk. Iowa.
1910 Hollingsworth, Charles R., OgdcB. UIsIl
1921 HoUingswartti„ Fnmk, llezleo, Mol •
ALPHABBrnOAIi LIST OF HBMBBBS.
1921 Holllogmth, J. O., New OrleaoB, L*.
1906 HolUa, Allen, Conoord, N. H.
1916 Bollister, Evan. Buffalo, N. T.
1921 HoUiatcr, John B., Gineinnatt, Obio.
1912 Hidliatar, R. A., (Mikoah, Wia.
1920 Holloman, Reed, Santa Fe, N. If.
1921 BoUoman, T. W., Aleicandria, La.
1921 HoUoman, W. £., Alexandria, La.
1906 HoUoway, William L., Helena, Mont.
1921 HoUy, William H.» Ohicago, III.
1921 Bolly, William R., Springer, N. Mez.
1921 HoUaer, Harry A., I^oa Angeles, Gal.
1921 Holman, Alfred, Cincinnati, Ohio.
1920 Holmaa, B. £., Payetteirllle, T^nn.
1922 Holman, Sdward 8., Jeraey aty, N. J.
1922 Holman, Fnnk E., Salt Lake Oity, Utah.
1901 Holman, Frederick V., Portland, Oregon.
1907 Holman, George W., Rochester, End.
1918 Hblman, R. C., Barnwell, S. O.
1921 Holman, Tom W., Port Townsend,
Waahington.
1912 Holme, Peter H., Denver, Golo.
1922 Holmes, Alexander A., Strawberry Point,
Iowa.
1911 Holmes, George, New York, N. T.
1921 HolmcB, George B., Chicago, 111.
1922 Holmes, George E., New York, N. Y.
1921 Holmes, Hector H., Boston, Msss.
1920 Holmes. Henry, Honolulu, Hawaii.
1920 Holmes, J. E., Memphis, Tenn.
1921 Holmes, Jabirii. New York. N. Y.
1922 Holmes, Lester S., New York, N. Y.
1914 Holmes, Nortrop R., Troy, N. Y.
1918 Holmea, Reuben R., Dayton, Ohio.
1919 Holmes, Sybil H., Boston, llass.
1920 HoUbeny, LeRoy V., Pensacola, Fla.
1921 Hobtein, Mark G., New York. N. Y.
1014 Holt. Andrew, St. Paul, Minn.
1922 Holt, Birge, Barstow, Texas.
1918 Holt, George C, New York. N. Y.
1910 Holt, Robert H., Boston, Mass.
1014 Holt, Roacoe T., New York, N. Y.
1901 Holt. William G., Kansas City. Mo.
1921 Bolter, Nels J., Chicago, HI.
1022 H<dfber, Louis J., Ogden, Utah.
1919 Holton, C. R., Phoenix, Aria.
1921 HoltoD, Charles Ray, Chicago, 111.
1922 Holton, Earl S., Anita, Iowa.
19S1 Holtaoir, Alexander, New York, N. Y.
1011 Homans, Robert, Boston, Mass.
1011 Homer, Francis T., Riderwood. Md.
lOSl Homnes, George P., Crosby. N. D.
1011 Hon. Daniel. Fort Smith. Ark.
1022 Honig, Ralph, New York, N. Y.
1022 HoDig, Sigmund, New York, N. Y.
1012 Hood. Arthur M., Indianapolis, Ind.
1015 Hood, James E., Philadelphia, Pa.
1011 Hood, Lools, Newark, N. J.
791
020 Hood, W. C, Jr., Brighton, Colo.
Q Book, BlUi J., Decorah, Iowa.
1014 Book, Inghram D., Kansas City, Mo.
016 Hooker, Thomas, Jr., New flaven. Conn.
020 Hoolan, T. J., St. Louis, Mo.
919 Hooper, James M., Boston, Mass.
912 Hooper, Jos. Lb, Battle Creek, Midi.
912 Hooper, Moses, Oshkosh, Wis.
Oil Hooper, JB. Henry, Boston, Mass.
022 Hoopes, W. B., Oarrington, N. D.
021 Hoover, Albert B., Marshalltown, Iowa.
921 Hoover, Francis A., Cincinnati, Ohio.
914 Hoover, George P., Washington, D. C.
922 Hoover, John E., Waahington, D. C.
921 Hoover, Jonaa O., Chicago, HL
919 Hoover, W. H., Great Falls, Moot
913 Hope, Walter E., New York, N. Y.
914 Hopkins, Albert J., Chicago, HI.
918 Hopkins,' Albert L., Oiicago, HI.
909 Hopkins, Arthur E., Louisville, Ky.
921 Hopkins, John L., CQiicago, HI.
920 Hopkins, Richard J., Topeka. Kana.
915 Hopkins. Stiles, Atlanta, Ga.
912 Hopkina, Theodore E., Burlington, Vt.
914 Hopkins, William R., Cleveland, Ohio.
910 Hopkinson, Edward, Jr., Philadelphia,
Pa.
915 Hoppangh. A. L.. Salt Uke City. Utah.
916 Hoppman, A. C, Madison, Wia.
920 Hopson, E. E., Arkansas City, Ark.
906 Hopwood, R. F., Uniontown, Pa.
912 Horack, H. C, Iowa City, Iowa.
912 Horan, Michael J., New York, N. Y.
922 Horan, Thomas. J., Tallejo, Cal.
9'' 9 Horblit. Mark M., Boston. Mass.
921 Bom, Alexander E., St. Paul, Minn.
921 Horn, Everett B., Boston, Mass.
921 Horn. Hersbel, Lamar, Colo.
921 Hombaker. Clyde O.. Chicago, 111.
922 Hombein, Philip, Denver, Colo.
918 Hornblower. George S., New York, N. Y.
912 Hombrook, Henry H., Indianapolia. Ind.
919 Homer. G. R., Okmulgee, Okla.
921 Homer, H. F., Fargo, N. D.
914 Homer, Henry, Chicago. III.
916 Homer, Joseplf W., Columbus, Ohio.
919 Hominir, Charles R.. Wallace, Idaho.
921 Horastein, Leon, Chicago. HI.
921 Horowitr.. Max. New YorV. \. V.
918 Horsey, Charles Lee, Las Vegaa, Nev.
i/Zl Horsley, D. B., Pawhuska, Okta.
921 Horsley, Thomaa J., Wewoka, Okla.
921 Horsley. William E., Terre-Haute, Ind.
920 Borton, Edward H., Washington. D. C.
921 Borton, Rayton E., Paterson, N. J.
922 Borton, Rufus L., Los Angeles, Cal.
922 Horwill, Edward T., Brooklyn, N. Y.
917 Borwita, Harry L., New York, N. Y. .
799
Xlf BBIOAN BAB A8800IATEON.
IMS HonHtz, Hewj B.. St. Paul, Mian.
1912 Hcoes, Lewii M.. Cincimuitl. Ohio.
1881 Hoftetler, H. H., Dover, Ohio.
Ifl9 Hottetler, JoMpb C. Cleveland, Ohio.
IPn Hoitetter, Earl D., Chicago, IlL
1915 Hoitetter.* J. D., Bowling Qreen. Mo.
U& HotcbUaa, John Donald, Akron, OhiOb
1809 Hotchklai, WUliam H., New York, N. T.
1814 Hottenatein, Marcua a. New York, N. T.
1916 Hots, William J., Omaha, Nebr.
I8& Hoock, Adrian 8., Medicine Lodge, Kaa.
1981 Houck, Lewia B., Mt. Vernon, Ohio.
1913 Houck, Stanley B., Minneapolia, Minn.
1822 Houck, W. L., Scranton, Pa.
1919 Hough, A. Carey, Oklahoma City, Okla.
1911 Hough, Charlea M., New York. N. Y.
1814 Hough, Franklin H., Waahington, D. a
1904 Hough, Warwick M., St. Loula. Mo.
1922 Houghton, Edward T., San Franciaoo,
OU.
1912 Houghton. Frank W., Milwaukee. Wla.
1981 Houlden, Bobert T.» Pittsburgh, Penn.
1919 Houlihan, Francia J., Chicago, 111.
1921 Hourwich. Inae A., New York, N. T.
1922 Bouae, Arthur A., Chicago, HI.
mo Honae, J. W., Jr., Little Rock, Ark.
1818 Houaholder, E. F., Sanford. Fla.
1909 Houston. David W.. Aberdeen, MisL
1921 Houaton, H. W., U»bana, Ohio.
1911 Houston, J. D.. WichiU, Kanaaa.
1916 Hointon, James Qarfleld. Pittsburgh. Pa.
1822 Houtchena, B. H., Greeley, Colo.
1816 Houta, Charlea A.. St. Louis. Mo.
1821 Hover, John C. Bellefontaine, Ohio.
1821 Hovey. 0. R., Olympia. Wash.
1821 Hovey, Fred B., Chicago, HL
1816 How, Jared. San Franciaeo, Cal.
1881 Howard, Albert S., Lowell, MaiL
1911 Howard, Archibald, Bingfaamton, N. Y.
1816 Howard. B. C. Kansas City, Mo.
1821 Howard, B. O., Floyd, Va.
1811 Howard, Charlea McH., Baltimore. Md.
1801 Howard. Chaa. Morria. Baltimore. Md.
1808 Howard, Clinton W., Belllngham, Wash.
1821 Howard. David C, Charleston, W. Va.
1822 Howard, George C. New York, N. Y.
1921 Howard, George H., New York, N. Y.
1900 Howsrd. Owrsre H,. W««<hlnr*«n, D. O.
1921 Howard, Hans L., Chicago, HI.
1922 Howard, Harry C. Kslamazoo. UiA.
1921 Howard. Hubert E.. Chicago, HI.
1921 Howard. John, Middleoboro. Ry.
188L Howard. Jonaa 0., JeffenonviUe. Ind.
1914 Ponard. T. J.. Ore^l^v. Nebr.
1921 Howard, U. J., Covington, Ky.
1917 Howard, William M., Augusta. Qa.
1814 Howard, William S., Xenia. Ohio.
Un. Bawi^ AlpboBSo, St Looia, Mo.
1818 Howe, Bovcrly W., Chieaio, OL
1916 Howe, Charlea O., Chicago, OL
1906 Howe, Jamea B., Seattle, Waah.
1921 Bowe, John Jtmior, Oarrollton, Ky.
1821 Howe. Mary Clinton, Chicago, HL
1922 Howe, nomaa, New York, H. Y.
1914 Howe, Thomas Francia, Chieago. IlL
1911 Howe, William Read, Onnge, V. J.
1819 Howell, Albert, Altanta. Oa.
1818 Howell, Benjamin B., Salt Laka Oty.
Utah.
1922 Howell, Charlea Cbok, Jacksonville, Fla.
1918 Howell. Charlea M., Kanaas Oty. Mo.
1922 Howell, Oorwin, Newark, N. J.
1916 Howell, Daniel V., Kamaa aty. Mo.
1917 Howell, David J., Cheyenne, Wyo.
1916 Howell, Edward, Oklahoma City. Okla.
1922 Howell, V^ed S., Petahiraa, CU.
1921 Howell. George D., PlttriMngh, Pen.
1914 Howell. J. L.. St Looia. Mo.
1914 Howell, James A.. Ogden dtf, Utak.
1912 Howland. aarence, CitriciU. N. Y.
181S Howland, Fred A., Montpelier, Tt.
1899 Howland, Paul, Cleveland, Ohio.
1880 Howry. Charles B.. Waahfaigton, D. O.
1894 Howson, Charlea, Philadelphia, P^
1915 Howson, Charlea H.. PhlladelpMa, Pa.
1914 Howson, Hubert New York, N. Y.
1912 Bowse, Hemy R.. Birmingham. Ala.
1922 Howae, laham R., Denver, Colo.
1917 Hey. Theodore B., Biehmood Bill,
L. I., N. Y.
1917 Hoyle, Hioroaa C. Greensboro, B. OL
1812 Hoyne. Tbomss M.. Chicago, IB.
1812 Hoyt, Frank M.. Milwaukee. Wla.
1913 Hoyt Henry M., Washington. D. a
1921 Hoyt Balph M., Madison, Wis.
1918 Hoyt, Samuel E.. New Haven, Coim.
1911 Hubachek, Frank R.. MimwapoHa. Mtan.
1912 Htibschek, Tenuis A.. Mlnneapolts. Miim.
1916 Hubard, Robert Thruston, Fayettevfllc,
W. Va.
1922 Hubbard, Eugene, Looisvflle, Kjr.
1889 Hubbard, Harry, Paria, fVanoe.
1917 Hubbard. Lester Thomaa. Albany. M. T.
1921 Hubbard, M. P.. Brookvflle, Bid.
1911 Hubbard. Nelson C, Wheeling. W. Vn.
1916 Hubbard. Paul M.. Boston. Maaa.
1922 Hubbard, T. W., San FTandaoo, CkL
1920 Hubbard, William P., Ban PnBdaoo,
Cal.
1922 Hubbell, E. E., San Diego, CaL
1922 Hubbell, John E., New York, B. Y.
1916 Hubbell. Piatt. Tkvnton, Mo.
1920 Huber, Seba a, Honololu, RawnIL
1919 Huberich, Charies H., New York. B. T.
1916 Buck, Peter H., St. OeDevfcve, M«.
1912 HuddlestoB, M. P., Paragoold, Aik.
ALFHABgPCAL LIST OV XBKBBB8.
798
lftl7
un
1915
1916
1910
1916
1907
me
1916
ion
1914
1911
1916
1918
1916
19n
19tt
191S
1914
19a
1914
1908
1922
1981
1901
1920
1021
1910
1918
1921
1916
ion
1911
1918
nBddXf CtooiKv H.^ Jr., ProvidcsMt B» I*
BndltBi, WilUaiB IL, Baldmott. Md.
HudMll, Georce &, liilwtukM. Wii.
HiidMMi, Edwia P., PoofthootM, lowt.
Hudno, Frtderick Gn/, Jr., Ifoaroe, La.
Htidiom rrtderkk M.. Miami, ria.
Bodmi, Gardner K., Pitchbarg. Mwm,
HudwB, HiatoA Oardnar, Winrtoa-
8al«B, N. a
HadMm, Jamca A., New York, N. T.
Hudum, John 0.» OiactiinatI, Ohio.
Budum, Maalaj O., GtmbridKe. MaH.
Httdioa, Itol»erta P., SanlC 8ta. llarfa,
Ifieh.
Hodnn, W. O^, Monteray, Oil.
HvdNO, Walter B., Patenon. N. J.
Httdmer, F. 0., Freno, dl.
HtNj, Arthur B., Philadelphia, Pa.
Huff, O. Fl^d, Hat Springa, Ark.
Rufr» Charlea C, Dallai, Tax.
Huff, Reihcrt A., Eldora, Iowa.
Huffman, Edwin B., St Louia, Mo.
Huffman, B. L., Morganton, N. O.
Hufer, Alfred, Gharlcaton. 8. 0.
Htiirr. Martin M.. Indianapolla. Ind.
Buggina, B. N., O^lumbui, Ohio.
Hucgina, W. 0., Houaton, Texas.
Huggina, Wm. L., Topeka, Kan.
Hughca, Adrian, Baltimore, Md.
Hughea, Allen, Memphis, Tenn.
Hughes. Ben Otspoton, Detroit, Mich.
Hughes, C T., to Prandsco, OaL
Hughca, Charles B., Jersey Oitj, N. J.
Hughes, Charles &, Pueblo, Colo.
Hughes, Charles B., Washington, D. C
Hughes, Charles B., Jr., New York,
N. Y.
Hughes, Charles Bmmett, Belle Plaine,
Iowa.
Hughea, D. B., Paducah, Rj.
Hughes, Dan R., Macon, Mo.
Hughes, Ernest B., Sapulpa, Okla.
Hughes, George T., Columbia, Tenn.
Hughes, George T., Dover, N. R.
Bugfaes, George W. R., New York, N. Y.
Hughes, Gerald, Denver, Colo.
Hughes* JamM H.. Dover. Del.
Hughes, James H., Jr.. Wilmington,
DeL
Hughes, John B., Chicago, BL
Hughes, John T., Boston, Mass.
Hughes, Bobert M., Norfolk, Vs.
fughes, 8. W., Brady, Texasi
Hughea, Thomas, Baltimore, Md.
HqghM, Wightmsn, Mempbia, Tenn.
Bughes. William J., Washington, D. C.
Bogus, Wright, Whseling, W. Vs.
1914 Httidskopsr, Bcgliiald 8., Washlaglon,
D. a
1918 Bnlbcrt, G. Morraj, N«w York. N. Y.
1908 Hulbcrt, Bobert A.. Seattle, Wash.
1981 Bulburd. David WendaU, Philadelphia,
1981 Hiilett, Max, Detroit, Mich.
1918 Ban, Charlea Hadlai, New London, asaa.
1918 Bull, D. D., Jr., Bosnoka, Va.
1909 Bull, Hadlai A., New London. CMin.
1919 Bull, Barold J.. Wallace, Idaho.
1922 Bull, J. A.. Washington, D. 0.
1918 Bull, Jamea M., Jr. Augusta, Ga.
1918 Bull, John B., Cleveland, Ohio.
1019 Bull, John C, Leominster, Mass.
1928 HuU, John Bairy, New York, N. Y.
1920 Bull, Joaeph L., Muskogee, Okla.
1921 Bull, Uwrence C, New York, N. Y.
1919 Bull, Morton Denison, Chloagc, III.
1980 Hull, Oscar C, Detroit, Mich.
1922 Bun, Balph &, New York, N. Y.
1921 Bulae, D. T., Kansas City. Mo.
1921 Bulawltt, B. A., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1921 Bumble, B. W., Brooklyn, N. Y.
Z906 Bumbttigf Andrew P., Chleago. IlL
1906 Bume, F. Charles, Jr., Houston, Texas.
1915 Hume, James C, Oes Moines, Iowa.
19U Humes, Augustine L., New York, N. Y.
1918 Hummeland, Andrew, Chicago, 111.
1914 Hummer, John 8., Chicago, 111.
1914 Humphrey, Alexander P., Looisville. Ky.
1922 Humphrey, O. F., San nandsca, €kL
1920 Bumphrey, Charles M.« Iron wood, Mich.
1921 Bumphrey, Charles W., Charlea City,
Iowa.
1918 Bumphrey, lamea V., Juactloa Clly,
Sans.
1921 Bumphrey, Paul N., Pawhusks, Okla.
1921 Bumphr^, William F., San Wandsco,
OaL
1919 Bumphrey, Wirt B., Chicago, 111.
1920 Bumphreys, Harrie M., Denver, Colo.
1912 flumphr^ John B.. Peterson, N. J.
1980 Bumphreya, Leater W., iVMlland, Ore.
1918 Bumphreys, T. H.. Little Rock, Ark.
1021 Bumphreys, William Peon, San Fran-
cisco, CM.
1919 Bundley, Bobert G., Richmond, Va.
1906 Buneke, William A., Spokane, Wash.
1916 Bungcrford, Victor W., Colorado
Springs, Colo.
1916 Hunn, Charles B., Dee Moines. Iowa.
1808 Hunssker, William J., Los Angeles. CiL
1920 Hunsicker, Charles O., Allentown. Pa.
1920 Hunt, Albert C, Tulsa, Okla.
1921 Hunt, Charles A., Jefferaonville, Ind.
1818 Hunt, Charles B., Coshocton, Ohio.
1921 Hunt, Oharlas J., dadnaati, Ohio.
794
AMBBICAN BAB A680(»ATI0N.
DJBCTKD
1922 Bunt^ Oharles &, Oonoordiji, Ktnflaa.
1913 Hunt, G. D., Dallas, Texaa.
1922 Hunt, George L., Montpelier, Vt.
1916 Hunt, George R., Lexington, Kj.
1918 Hunt, I. n.. Newberry, a O.
1916 Hunt, laaac D., Portland, Ore.
1916 Hunt, John L., Topeka, Kanaaa.
1922 Hunt, John T., Seattle, WadL
1922 Hunt, Learitt J., New York, N. T.
1921 Hunt, BoUo P., Duluth. Minn.
1921 Hunt, Tbomaa, Boston, Maaa.
1918 Hunt, W. a, Houaton, Tezaa.
1922 Hunt, William A., Ottumwa, Iowa.
1914 Hunt, William H., San Prancisco. Cal.
1921 Hunt, William L.. Niagara Palis, N. T.
1922 Hunter, Ben S., Loa Angelea, Oal.
1922 Hunter, P. P., Brighton, Colo.
1918 Hunter, Prederick C, New York. N. T.
1918 Hunter, Henry C, New York, N. Y.
1916 Hunter, James H., Kansaa City, Ifo.
1921 Hunter, Jay T., Peoria, Ell.
1914 Hunter, Joseph W., California, Mo.
1920 Hunter, Tbomaa, Cheyenne, Wyo.
1906 Hunter, William, Tftmpa, Pla.
1918 Hunter, William Boyd, Washington,
D. 0.
1904 Hunter, WiUiam R., Kankakee, III.
1916 Huntington, Prederick G., Aberdeen,
a D.
1914 Huntington, J. P., Norwidi, Conn.
1908 Hunton, Eppa, Jr., Richmond, Ya.
1918 Huntresa, George W., San Antonio, Tex.
1917 Hunziker, Gustav A., Pateraon, N. J.
1919 Hurd, George E., Great Palis, Mont.
1917 Hurd, George P., New York, N. Y.
1906 Hurd, Harry B., Chicago, 111.
1906 Hurd, Henry N., Claremont, N. H.
1921 Hurd, Louia G., Dubuque, Iowa.
1892 Hurlbutt, Henr^ P.. Boston. Maaa.
1919 Hurlbutt, Hemy P., Jr., Boston. Maas.
1914 Hurley, P. E.. Pindlay, Ohio.
1922 Hurley, Martin J., St. Paul, Minn.
1918 Hurley, Michael B., St Paul, Minn.
1916 Hurly, John, Glaagow, Montana.
1918 Hurrell, Alfred, Newark, N. J.
1921 Hurst, Sam, BeattyriUe, Ky.
1919 HurwitK. Samuel, Boston, Masa.
1922 Huakey, H. Walter, Reno, Ner.
1921 Hussey, Pranklin B., Chicago, 111.
1916 Busted, Glenn B., Portland, Ore.
1914 Huating, Bonduel Albert, Pond du Lac,
Wta.
1914 Huston, John A., Stenbenyille. Ohio.
1914 Huston, W. Clav, Rollefontaine. Ohio.
1922 Huston, Wendell, Eldora, Iowa.
1909 Hutchings, Henry M.. Boston, Masa.
1921 Hutchina, Alice Parker, New York, N. Y.
1921 Hutcfalna, Arthur L., Auguata, Ark.
1919 Hvtofains, Edwax4, Boston,
1918 Hutchina, Edward W., Boston, MaaL
1914 Hutchina, Pranda a. Mew York, N. T.
1920 Hutchina, Paul Vincent, Detroit, Mich.
1922 Hutchinson, Arthur B., Seattle, Wash.
1921 Hutchinson, Charles O., Chicago, IlL
1907 Hutchinson, CbarlM L., Portland, Maine.
1914 Hutchinson, E. L., Lexington, Ky.
1919 Hutchinson, George A., Waahington,
D. 0.
1922 Hutchinson, Got., Jacksonnlle, Fla.
1922 Hutchinson, J. a, San Pranciaoo, CaL
1922 Hutchinson, Jca^h K., San Pranciaoo,
Gal.
1922 HutcfaiiMon, R. L., JackaonviUe, PU.
1910 Hutchison, Wm. Eaaton, Garden City.
Kans.
1913 Button, Prank a, Los Angeles* OaL
1917 Button, John B, DoTer, DeL
1913 Button, William E., Denver. Colo.
1916 Hutzler, Alvin B., Richmond, Va.
1921 Huxley, Henry M., Chicago, lU.
1918 Hyde, AWan W., Hartford, Conn.
1907 Hyde, Charles CSienej, Waahington,
D. a
1917 Hyde, E. Pranois, New York, N. Y.
1908 Hyde, Jamea W., Chicago, 111.
1920 Hyde, John B., Chattanooga, Tema.
1906 Hyde, Simeon, Charleaton, a C.
1921 Hyde, William S., South M..nrheter,
Conn.
1920 Hyer, Pred C, Rabway, N. J.
1921 Hyer, SUnton A., Rocklord, UL
1921 Hyland, J. A., Bismarck, N. D.
1921 Hyman, Arthur B., New York, N. T.
1921 Hyman, Harry a, Knoxville, Tenn.
1922 Hyman, Isaac, New York, N. Y.
1921 Hyman, Wm. A., New York, N. T.
1916 Hynds, John A., Atlanta, Ga.
1922 Hynea, W. H., Oakland, Cal.
1914 Hynson, N. Thornton, Washingtosi, D. C.
1917 Ice, W. T., Jr., Philippi, W. Va.
1921 Iceley, Albert E., Chicago, HI.
1913 Ickee, Harold L., Chicago, HI.
1921 Iddings, Andrew S., Di^ton, Ohio.
1913 Iddings, Daniel W., Dayton, Ohio.
1921 Idleraan, Cicero M., Portland. Ong.
1921 Iglehart, Joseph H., Eransrllle, Ind.
1921 Igoe, Michael L., Chicago, HI.
1916 Igoe, William L., St. Louis. Ma
1916 lllch. Julius, Albany. N. Y.
1916 nioway, Bernard A.. Philadelphia, Pn.
1916 Ilslesr. Harry P.. Sundance. Wyoali^.
1914 Imbrie, A. M., Pittrt>urgh. Pa. \
1921 Imbrie. George H.. Kansaa City, llii.
1919 Imlay, Charles V., Washington, D. Q.
1922 Immel, E. O., Ei^rene, Ore.
1922 Immel, J. H., ToppeniA, Wadk
ALPHABBIICAL LIST OF MBMBBBS.
796
1912 IngenoU, Alyan r., Clevland, Ohio.
1921 Ingenoll, Frank B., Pittabur^h, Pa.
1912 IngeraoU, George. Duluth, Minn.
1921 iDfflia, Ernest A., Middletown, Conn.
1918 Inglia, Richard. Cleveland, Ohio.
1918 Ingraham, George L., New York. N. T.
1922 Ingraham, Jamct A.. Oklahoma Oity,
Okla.
1907 Ingraham. William M., Portland. Me.
1918 Ingram, flurry M.. Potadam, N. T.
1922 Ingram. John L.. Richmond, Va.
1918 Ingram. John W., New York. N. Y.
1918 Ingrum, R. P..' San Antonio, Texaa.
1916 Innes. Alexander J., Chicago, IlL
1904 Innes, Charles H.. Boston, Maas.
1922 Inaley. Earle. Jersey Olty. N. J.
1920 Intemann. Alfred C. New York. N. Y.
1922 Ireland. Gordon, New Haven, Conn.
1922 Iriarte, Gelestino. Jr., San Juan. P. R.
1922 Irland. Frank W.. St. Louis, Mo.
1917 Irona, Harry 8., Huntington. W. Va.
1922 Irrmann. John A.. Chicago. Til.
1921 Irsfeld, J. B.. Los Angeles, Cal.
1914 Irvin, I. T., Jr., Washington. Oa.
1922 Irvine, EDswortii C, Columbus. Ohio.
1901 Irvine, Frank, Ithaca, K. Y.
1918 Irvine, R. T.. Big Stone Gap. Va.
1912 Irving. Samuel Crozfer, Chicago. HI.
1922 Irving, W. G.. Riverside, Cat.
1912 Irwfn, Ernest C, Pittsburgh. Pa.
1918 Irwin. Geo. M., Colorado Springs, Colo.
1920 Irwin, Harry. Honolulu. Hawaii.
1921 Irwin, Harry D.. Chicago, III.
1918 Irwin. Harry D., Minneapolis, Minn.
1906 Irwin. Richard W., Northampton, Mass.
1916 Irwin, Royal W.. Chicago, Til.
1921 Irwin, Samuel P., Bloomington. 111.
1922 Isaacs. Henry R., Wilmington. Del.
1907 Isaacs, Lewla M., New York, N. Y.
1917 Isaacs. Martin J.. Chicago, HI.
191R laaacs. Nathan, Pittrfmrgh, Pa.
1922 Isaacs. Samuel S.. New York. N. Y.
1920 Isbell. Benj. E.. DeQueen, Ark.
1916 Isbell, Milton C, Ansonia, Oonn.
1917 Iselin, C. Oliver, New York, N. Y.
1917 Isham. Frederick A.. Lake Pacid, N. Y.
1922 Iveraen. M. H.. Ukiah, Oal.
1919 Ives, Frederick M., Boston, Ma«.
1904 Ives, J. Moss, Danbury. Conn.
1906 Tves. Morse, Chicago, Til.
1922 Jablow. Morris. New York. N. Y.
1916 Jack. George Whitfleld. Shreveport, La.
1922 Jack, Robert P., Peoria, 111.
Iini Jackman, Ralph W.. Madison, Wis.
1922 Jacks. lile T., San Franeisco, Oal.
1906 Jackson. Anson Blake, Minneapolis,
MiOB.
IfllS Jackson, Arthur B. L. Philadelphia, Pa.
■UBOTBD
1914 Jackaon, Arthur L.. Baltimore. Md.
1922 Jackaon, B. M.. San Francisco, Oal.
1921 Jackaon. E. Hilton, Washington, D. 0.
1921 Jackson. Edward, Indianapolis. Ind.
1920 Jackson, Frank A., Colby. Wia.
1922 Jackaon, Grant, Loa Angeles. Oal.
1921 Jackson, H. Clair. Kalamazoo, Mieb.
1921 Jackaon, Herbert. Cincinnati. Ohio.
1921 Jackson. J. H.. Shreveport, La.
1921 Jacioon. J. W.. Oacoma. 8. D.
1916 Jackaon, James P.. Boston. Mass.
1913 Jackaon, John G., New York, N. Y.
1922 Jackson, John J.. E. Pittsburgh, Pa.
1912 Jackson, John L.. Chicago, 111.
1914 Jackson, Malcolm, Charleston. W. Va.
1917 Jackaon. Owen G.. St. Louis, Mo.
1918 Jackson, Robert F.. Nashville, Tenn.
1914 Jackson, Russell, Milwaukee. Wis.
1913 Jackson, a Hollister, Barre. Vt.
1921 Jackson, Samuel Spencer. Loa Angeles,
Oal.
1918 Jackson, W. C, Abilene, Texas.
1921 Jackaon. William K., Boston, Mass.
1914 Jackaon, William M.. Bedford. Iowa.
1919 Jacobs, Clirl M.. Jr.. ancinnati, Ohld.
1921 Jacobs, Henry A., San Francisco, Csl.
1916 Jacobs. Henry F.. Battle Creek, Mich.
1022 Jacobs, Hiram E.. Richmond. Cal.
1919 Jacobs, Joseph B., Boston, Mass.
1911 Jacobs. Philip W.. Botcton. Mass.
19S2 Jacobs. Sidney. Jersey City, N. J.
1015 Jacobs. Walter H., Chicago, 111.
1022 Jacobs, William, New York, N. Y.
1922 Jacobsen. Christopher. Seattle. Wash.
1912 Jacobson, Gabe, Meridian, MLsi.
1014 Jacobson, I. N., New York. N. Y.
1919 Jacobson, Jesse E., Wheatland, Wyo.
1921 Jacobson, Lewis F., Chicago. Til.
1922 Jaeckel. AlSert I.. New York, N. Y.
1919 Jalbert. Eugene L.. Woonsocket. R. L
1900 James, Benjamin F., Bowling Green,
Ohio.
1918 James, Charles V., Norwich. Conn.
1911 James, Eldon R., Bangkok. Siam.
1916 James, Ellerton, Boston, Mass.
1916 Jsmes, F. G., Greenville, N. O.
1895 James, Francis B., Washington, D. OL
1921 James, Frank. Los Angeles, Oal.
1912 James, Henry A., Doylestown, Pa.
1922 James, Henry N., Los Angeles, Oal.
1922 James, John R., Olympia, Wadi.
1922 James, Leander L.. Jr.. San Francisco,
Oal.
Iin4 James, Lee Warren, Dayton. Ohio;
1921 James, W. K., St. Joseph, Mo.
1922 Jameson, John J., Seattle. Waah.
1922 Jamison. Alexander. Wilmington, Del.
1915 Jamiaon. Doraey A., St. Loufa. Mo.
796
AKE8ICAK BAB AS80CUTI0K*
■LBcras
1920 Janeeky, Adolph K., Racine. Wit.
19S1 JTaniBcaki, Prank H., Chicago. lU-
1980 Janney, Laurenca A., ChicairOi IlL
19U Janney, Stuart &, Baltimore, Md.
19n Janoer, RoHilie F., New York. N. T.
1921 Janowics, Stephen, Gbicago, III.
1922 Janaoniua, Fred, Feaaenden, N. D.
1916 January. M. T., Nevada. Mo.
1806 Janoary, William L., Detroit, Mich.
1914 Janvier. Francia de H., Wilmington. Del.
1918 Jaquea, Alfred, Duluth, Minn.
1922 Jaqaet, Seymour, Jr.. Chicago, III.
1919 Jarerki, Edmund K.. Chicago, 111.
1922 Jaretski, Alfred, New York, N. Y.
1914 Jarrett, Delta I.. Chicago. 111.
1914 Jaycox, Walter H., Patchogue. N. T.
1920 Jayne, A. A., Casa Grande, Aria.
19^ JatTie, Trafford N., Minneapolia, Minn.
1922 Jayne, W. R., Muacatine, Iowa.
1916 Jeffery, Jamea Clarke, Chicago, 111.
1914 Jeffery, Oscar W., New York, N. Y.
1911 J'fforda, Tra<<y L., Harpera Ferry, W. Va.
1914 Jeffrey. A. L., Canon City. Colo.
1921 Jeffrey, F. R., Kennewick. Wash.
1906 Jeffriea, Jamea H., Pineville, Ky.
1906 Jeffriea, L. E., Washington. D. 0.
1916 Jeffriea, Sam B., St Louia. Mo.
1880 Jeffrie. Malcolm Q.. Janesyille, Wia.
1910 Jelke. Ferdinand, Jr., Cincinnati, Ohia
1919 Jenckea, Joaeph 8., Phoenix, Aria.
1892 Jenckcfl, Thomaa A., Providence, R. L
1921 Jenkina, O. H., Springfield. HI.
19^ Jenkina, Frank E., Oxford, Mich.
1922 Janklna. Fredric W., Binghamton, N. Y.
1919 Jenkina, John B., Norfolk, Va.
1918 Jenkina. John E., Wilkea-Barre, Pa.
1921 Jenkina, Myron O., Oreenaburg, Ind.
1918 Jenkina. Theodore F., Philadelphia, Pa.
1922 Jenner, Earle R.» Seattle, Waah.
1919 Jenney, Charles F.. Beaton. Masa.
1916 Jenney, Edwin C, Beaton, Maas.
1919 Jenney. Ralph E., San Diego, Cal.
1918 Jenney. William 8.. New York, N. Y.
1918 Jennings, Albert T., Fulton, N. Y.
1691 Jennings, Andrew J., Fall River, Masa
1922 JcnningB. J. B., Modeato, Cal.
1921 Jennings, Newell. Bristol. Conn.*
1913 Jennings, Robert P.. Loa Anaelea. Cat
1922 Jennings, 8. B., Jackaonville. Fla.
1916 Jenninga, Stephen A., Dorchester. Ifaaa
1922 Jensen. A. W., Ephraim, Utah.
1912 Jensen. Conatan, Los Angeles, Csl.
1921 Jensen, J. Marcel lua, Belmond, Iowa.
1922 Jensen, L. A.. Forest City, Iowa.
1914 Jenson, David. Ogden City. Utah.
1921 Jerka, Daniel S., Chicago, III.
1981 Jerome, Edward C, Greensboro. N. a
1918 Jerome, F. J.. Cleveland, Ohio.
1921
1914
1914
1915
1911
1922
1922
1921
1913
1916
1910
1919
1919
190S
1920
1922
1922
1922
1922
1922
19U
1921
1922
I
1917
1922
1914
1912
1919
1918
1921
1918
1918
1921
1922
lf«1
1922
1920
1918
1918
19r»7
1922
1914
1912
1921
1921
1920
1922
1920
1919
1919
1907
1918
1921
1921
1922
Jcsmer, J. Lisle, 8t. Paul, Minn.
Jess, Frank B., Camden, N. J.
Jeasen. Psul. Nebrsska City, Nebr.
Jcsseph, M. E.. Spokane. Wssh.
Jessup, Henry Wynans, New York. N. Y.
Jester, Beauforl, Corsicana, Tex.
Jeter, William T., Santa Cruz. CaL
Jetzinger, David, Chicago, IlL
Jevne. Franx, International Falls, Mlmi.
Jewell. John F., Birmingham. Eng.
Jewett, Charlea L., New Albany, Ind.
Jewett, Charlea W.. Indianapolia, Ind.
Jewett. Reed V.. Calaia. Me.
Jewett, Stephen S., Laconia, N. H.
Jewett. Theo. S., Laconia, N. H.
Jewitt, Garry W.. Pomeroy, Waah.
Jobson. Alexander B.. Franklin. Pa.
Joel, Arthur, San Francisoo, CaL
Joelson, Harry, Peterson, N. J.
Joffe, Joseph, New York, N. Y.
Joffe, Marcus E., New York, N. Y.
Joffee, Jerome M., Kansas City. Mo.
Johannesen. Oscar A.. Idaho Falla.
Idsho.
John, Maxey L., Laurinburr. N. C.
Johns. George Alexander. Winder. Ga.
Johnson. A. R., Ironton, Ohio.
Johnson, Albin Nlcholaa, Freeport. N. T.
Johnaon, Alfred 8., Providence, B. L
Johnaon. Alvin F., Omaha, Nebr.
Johnson, Archibald M., San Frandaco.
CaL
Johnaon, Arthur T., Gouvemeur, N. T.
Johnson, Arthur T., Boaton. Maaa.
Johnson, Audley W., Sioux City. Iowa.
Johnson, Ben H., Fresno, CaL
Johnson, Benjsmin N., Boston. Msaa.
Johnson, Carl Alex.. San Diego, OsL
Johnaon. Carl Wright, San Antonio. Tex.
Johnaon. Charlea A., Van Nuya. OaL
Johnson, Charlea B., Oklahoma Oity,
OUa.
Johnaon, Charlea F.. Portland. Me.
Johnson, Chsrles W., Pasoo, Waah.
Johnson, Clyde B., Charleston, W. Va.
Johnson, Clyde P., Cincinnati, Ohio.
Johnaon, Curtia T.. Toledo, Ohio.
Johnaon, David Cecil, Manila. P. I.
Johnson, Donald W., Kansas City, Mol
Johnson, E. L., San Diego, CaL
Johnson, Ector R., Little Rock, Ark,
Johnson, Edgar H.. Grand Rapids. Midi.
Johnson, Edwsrd, Wobura, Masa.
John«on. Edwin J., New York. N. T.
Johnson, Elmer, Elko. Nevsda.
Johnaon, Elmer A., Cedar Rapida, lossm.
Johnson, Elmer A., Chicago. III.
Johnson, Fontaine, Sacramento, OU.
.ALPHAfiKnCAL LIST OF HBMBSRS.
1912 JotuMOB, Fnak O., MePhencm, Kant.
1914 Jobawii, Georgt B., Wot Chester, Pt.
19£9 Johnson, Georfs W., Greenwood, Ark.
1912 Johnson, Qnj H., Washington, D. 0.
19tt Johnson* H. Linsley, Nsntucket, MUs.
1914 Johnson, Henry Wiley, SsTannah, Oa.
1991 Johnson, Hiram W., Jr., San IVancisco,
Oal.
liM Johnson, Homer H., Cleveland,. Ohio.
1912 Johnson, Howard Cooper, Philadelphia,
Pa.
1918 Johnson, Inrinc C, Osksloosa, Iowa.
19tt Johnson, J, D., GeUna, Ohio.
1980 Johnson, J. M., Kansss City, Mo.
1921 Johnson, J. L., Pittshoro, Miss.
1922 Johnson, J. LeRoy, Stockton, OiL
1913 Johnson, James, Minot, N. D.
1914 Johnson, James O., Springfield, Ohio.
1911 Johnson, James ▼., Arksdelphls, Ark.
1917 Johnson, James W., Marion, 8. O.
1919 Johnson, Jo, Port Smith, Ark.
1018 Johnson, Lawrence C, Oslva, 111.
1915 Johnson, Lewis B., DenTer, Colo.
1921 Johnson, Louis A., Clarksburg. W. Ta.
1920 Johnson. MeMn M., Boston, Mssl
1916 Johnson, Psul E., Atlants, Ga.
1911 Johnson, Regfnsid H., Boston, Mass.
1906 Johnson, Richard H., Boiie, Idaho.
1920 Johnson, Roy T., Sterling, Colo.
1922 Johnson, Rush B., Chiosgo. ni.
1921 Johnson, Sherrsrd M., Portsmouth, Ohio.
1916 Johnson, Sreinbjora, Bismsrck, N. D.
1896 Johnson, Simeon M., Cincinnstl. Ohio.
1921 Johnson, Theodore E., Youngstown.
Ohio.
1911 Johnson, Thomss L., Clefelsnd, Ohio.
1914 Johnson, Waldo P.. Ksnsss City, Mo.
19S2 Johnson, Wayne, Kew York, N. T.
1921 Johnson, William, Rockford, Hi.
1915 Johnson, William A., Portland. Oregon.
1911 Johnson, William T., Kansas City. Mo.
1917 Johnston, A. Hall, Ashevllle, N. C.
1921 Johnston, Albert Ofeldwell, Waco,
Texas.
1921 Johnston, Edwsrd R., Ohiesgo. HI.
1921 Johnston, Edwin, Pittslleld, III.
1914 Johnston, Ployd A., Springfield, Ohio.
1914 Johnston, Forney, Washington, D. 0.
1919 Johnston, Prsnk, Jr., Chicago, HI.
1921 Johnston, Henry 8., Perry, Okla.
1921 Johnston, Hollis 0., Oallipolis, Ohio.
1919 Johnston, J. P., Lske City, Ark.
1921 Johnston, Jsmss D., Rosnoke, Vs.
1922 Johnston, John &, New York, N. Y.
1921 Johnston, Joseph 8.. New York, N. Y.
1922 Johnston, L. E., Napa, Oal.
1919 Johnston, Morris L., Chiosgo, HI.
1916 Jfihnstmi, Pat, Eisaimmes» lU.
797
1919 Johnston, Richard E., Boston, Msss.
1906 Johnston, W. M., Billings, Mont
1921 Johnston, William A., Topeks, Kan.
1922 Johnston, William S., Esthervllle, Iowa.
1915 Johnstone, F. B., Chicago, 111.
1916 JolUire, Elisha H., OnUrio, Cal.
1916 Jonas, Edgar A., Chicago, IlL
1921 Jonas, L. H., Oentralia, HI.
1921 Jonas, Ralph, New York, N. Y.
19X1 Jones, Aquilla Q., Indianapolis, Ind.
1917 Jones, Armstesd, Raleigh, N. C.
19(19 Jones, Arthur, Detroit, Mich.
1922 Jones, Arthur O., Oastonis, N. 0.
1921 Jones, B. B., Evergreen, Ala.
1017 Jnnes. Bm Ssm, Lyons, Kans.
1922 Jones, Berne, Delaware, Ohio.
'*^B9 Jones, Burr W.. Madison, Wis.
1921 Jones, 0. Yincent, Clay Center, Kan.
1922 Jones, Oileb, Spokane, Wash.
1990 Jones, CalTin, Hugo, Okla.
1919 Jones. Charles AWin, Pittsburgh, Pa.
^016 Jones, Clsude L., Parker. S. D.
1914 Jones, Clem J.. Athens, Tenn.
1982 Jones, D. C, Harlan, Ky.
1922 Jones, D. J., Ohipley, Fla.
1921 Jones, Daniel C, Ironton, Ohio.
1920 Jones, E. N., Ada. Okla.
1920 Jones, Elmer O., La Plata, Mo.
1921 Jones, Edward H., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1920 Jones, Edwsrd R., Muskr^ee. Okla.
1915' Jones, Elliott H., Kansss City, Mo.
1912 Jones, Frank Cameron. Houston, Texas.
1917 Jones, Frederick A., Providence, R. L
1913 Jones, George H., Reading, Pa.
1914 Jones, George S.. Macon, Ga.
1922 Jones, George W., Fresno, Oal.
1904 Jones, George W., Montgomery, Ala.
1921 Jones, Gowan, El Paso, Texas.
1912 Jones, Granville D., Waosau, Wis.
1904 Jones, Gustave, Newport, Ark.
1914 Jones, R. Llewelyn, Meade, Kans.
1920 Jones, Harrison, Atbnta. Oa.
m2 Jones, Henry Craig, Iowa City, Iowa.
1922 Jones, Herbert C, San Jose, OsL
1911 Jones, Howel, Top«ka, Kansas.
1920 Jones, James C, Jr., St. Louis, Mo.
1906 Jones, James C, St. Louis. Mo.
1912 Jones. James Collins. Philadelphia, Pa.
1914 Jones, John C, Orlsndo, Florida.
1919 Jones. John C, Jr.. Boston. Mass.
1904 Jones, John J., Kansas City, Mo.
1913 Jones, John W., Blackfoot. Idaho.
1921 Jones, Joseph, Del Rio, Texss.
1021 Jones, Joseph C, Rutlsnd, Vt.
1914 Jones. Joseph H., Orlsndo, Fls.
1922 Jones, Kenneth L, Pairfleld, OaL
1920 Jones, L. Bsrrett, Jsckson, Miss.
1921 JoDss, Lske, JaeksonvUls^ Fls.
T98
AKBBICAN BAK ASSOCIATION.
1922 Jo&ei^ Lawrence Olark, Rutland, Vt.
1913 Jones, Lewis E., Breckenridge, Minn.
1922 Jones, Madison Ralph, San Francisco,
Gal.
1919 Jones, Malcolm D., Macon, Ga.
1920 Jones, Marvin, Washington, D. 0.
1918 Jones, Matt B., Boston, Mats.
1918 Jones, Mattison B., Los Angeles, CaL
1911 Jones, Nathaniel N., Boston, Mass.
1921 Jones, Oliver B., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1921 Jones, Oliver 8., Covington, Ind.
1921 Jones, Orrille K., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1922 Jones^ Paul, Tezartana, Ark.
1922 Jones, Paul, Jr., Texarkana, Ark.
1921 Jones, Paul J., Toungstown, Ohio.
1913 Jones, Philos a, Wilburton, Okla.
1921 Jones, Richard, Jr., Toungstown, Ohio.
1911 Jones. Richard A., St. Louis, Mo.
1896 Jones, Richmond L., Reading, Pa.
1914 Jones, Robert M., Knoxville, Tenn.
1919 Jones, Robert P., Atlanta, Oa.
1921 Jones, Roger Alston, Prattville, Ala.
1921 Jones, Spencer M., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1907 Jones, Stephen R., Boston, Mans.
1919 Jones, T. Catesby, New York, N. T.
1913 Jones, Thomas J., Boise, Idaho.
1918 Jones, W. Catesby, New Orleans, La.
1912 Jones, W. Clyde, Chicago, IlL
1918 Jones, W. Martin, Jr., Rochester, N. T.
1920 Jones. W. T., St. Louis. Mo.
1920 Jones, Walter B., Montgomery, Ala*.
1921 Jones, Walter F., Del Rio, Texas.
1916 Jones. Wilbur B., SL Louis. Mo.
1921 Jones, Wm. C, Streator, ni.
1914 Jones, Wm. Clayton, Camden, N. J.
1920 Jones, Wlnfleld P., AUanU. Oa.
1911 Jonson, Jerrold A., Madisonville. Ky.
1918 Jordan. Amzie E., Beloit, Kans.
1919 Jordan, C. Hughes, Los Angeles. Cal.
1921 Jordan. Clark L., New York, N. T.
1921 Jordan, Francis, Brooklyn, N. Y.
1918 Jordan, Harry P., Waco, Texas.
1922 Jordan, J. E., Waterloo, Iowa.
1921 Jordan, J. W., Boone, Iowa.
1916 Jordan, James Kollock. Atlanta. Oa.
1911 Jordan. Midiael J., Boston, Mass.
1919 Jordan. Percie D., Lisbon, Me.
1928 Jordan, Thomas C San Francisco, Gal.
1921 Jordon, Robert L., Radford, Va.
1920 Jorgenson, C. R., Sisseton, S. D.
1919 Jorgenson, John A., Jamestown, N. D.
1921 Joiy. Clifford D., Sheldon, Iowa.
1921 Joseph, Emil, Cleveland, Ohio.
1921 Joseph, Qeorge W., Portland, Oreg.
1921 Joseph. Jesse A., Chicago, 111.
1922 Joseph, John F., Sioux City, lows.
19S1 Joseph, Samuel J., New York, N. Y.
19U Joslin, Ralph Edgar, Boston, Mas.
1915 Jodyn, Lee B., Dstiolt, Mich.
1920 Joslyn, O. W., Charlestown. Mo.
1922 Joss, Louis H., Minneapolis, Minn.
1920 Jost, Heniy L., Kansas City, Mo.
1921 Jouett, Beverly R., Winchester. Ky.
1914 Jouett, Edward 8., Louisville. Ky.
1922 Joujon*Boche^ J. B., Los Angeles. OsL
1905 Jourdan, Morton, St. Louis. Mo.
1911 Joyner, Herbert C. Great Barrington.
1922 Joyner, Berbert Newton, Great Barring-
ton, MaaSb
1914 Judah, Noble B., Jr., Chicago. HL
1920 Jttdd. Albert F., Honolulu. HawaiL
1918 Jude, George W., Jamestown, N. Y.
1912 Judge, Harold E., Sioux Falls, & D.
1921 Judge, Thomas J., Birminghsm. Ala.
1922 Judkins* T. C, San Francisco, CaL
1917 Judson, Walter P., New Haven. Conn.
1919 Judy, John Allen, Mt. Sterling, Ky.
1919 June, Merrill 8.. Worcester. Mass.
1919 Junell. John, Minneapolis, Minn.
1889 Junkin, Frsnds T. A. Chicago, IlL
1922 Jurich, Anthonji Ely, Nevada.
1921 Juron, Bernard J., Chicago, 111.
1920 Just, Arnold, St. Louis, Mo.
1917 Justice, A. B., Charlotte. N. C.
1922 Justice, F. Joy., Bendersonville, M. O.
1922 Kaeo, Samuel Kanohoua, Lihue, Hawaii.
1916 Kaercher, Daniel W., Pottsviile. Pa.
1922 Kafer, Lester 8., New York, N. Y.
1911 Kagey. C. L., Beloit, Kansas.
1922 Kahn, Hany A., Chicago, llL
1921 Kahn. Isidor. Bvansville, lad.
1921 Kahn, Julius M., Chicago. IlL
1911 Kahn. Louis L., New York. N. T.
1921 Kahn, Max, Detroit, Mich.
1922 Kahn. Nat M., Chicago, HI.
1922 Kaiser, H. W., New Orlesns, Uu
1906 Kaliach, Samuel, Newark, N. J.
1916 Kalish, Ralph. St. Louis, Mo.
1921 Kambach, George J., Pittsburg, Pena.
1921 Kamfner, Joseph, Chicago. III.
1921 Kaminsky, Leo, Indianapolis, Ind.
1921 Kammer. Alfred Charles. New Orleaaa.
La.
1916 Kammerer, A. B.. St. Louis, Mo.
1920 Ksmrsr, John L., Webster City. Iowa.
1908 Ksne. Francis Fisher, Philadelphia. Pa.
1917 Kane. Henry V., Milwaukee. Wia.
1922 Kane, James H.. Sesttle. Wash.
1921 Kane, John E., Bardwell. Ky.
1921 Kane, Joseph, St. Louis, Mo.
1904 Kane. Matthew J., Oklahoma City. OUa.
1911 Kane. Michael N., Warwick, N. T.
1921 Kane, Thomaa F., New York. N. Y.
1012 Kannally, Michael V., Chicago. 111.
1922 Kanner, A. O., JackaonviUe, Fla.
ALPHABBTICAL LIST OF MBMBBB8.
799
1022 Kanodep Rolwrt E.. Baltimore, Md.
1918 KAntner, H.* F.. RMdinf, Pa.
1011 Kaplan, fVank R. S., Pitt^uryh. Peon.
1916 Kaplan, Jaeob, Chicaffo, 111.
1916 Kaplan, Jacob J., Boston, llaat.
ins Kaplan, Nattian D., Chicaco, 111.
Kapp, Georg« F., Long Beadi, Oil.
Kappler, Charlea J., Washington, D. O.
Kardi, K. W.. Cleveland, Ohio.
Karcher, George B.. Lot Angeles, Cal.
Karcfaer, Nettie E., Burlington, Wis.
Karclsen, Frank E.. Jr.. New York,
N. Y.
Karlin, Alexander, New York. N. Y.
Karr, Frank, Los Angeles, Cal.
Karr, Hairy B., Baltimore, Md.
Karrow, Herman Henry, Milwaukee, Wlsi
Kasch, Charles, Ukiab. Oal.
Kash, Kelly, Lexington, Ky.
Kaaper, Frederick J., Chicago, in.
Kaai, Jacob F., Sioaz City, Iowa.
Kass, William J., Sioux City, Iowa.
Kasserman, John« Newton, 111.
Kaasulker, Paul G., -Cleveland, Ohio.
Kattenbom, George H., Cincinnati,
Ohio.
Rsta. Manrice L., Worcester, Mass.
Katienbach, Edward L., Trenton, N. J.
Katcemtein, Charles J.. New York, N. Y.
Kauifmsn, Ralph, ^BUensburgh, Wash.
Kauffmann, James L., Yokohama, Japan
(Philadelphia, Pa.).
Kanfrosn, David E., Towanda, Pa.
Kaufman, Elias R., Lske Chailcs. La.
Kaufman, Helen, San Pranciaoo, Cfel.
Kaufman, Joseph B., New York. N. Y.
Kaufman, Samuel, Newark, N. J.
Kaufman, flamuel H., New York. N. Y.
Kaufman, Wm., Pittsburgh, Penn.
Kaufmann, Victor R.. New York. N. Y.
1022 Kauke, Frank, Fresno, Csl.
1912 Ksumheimer, Willlsm, Milwaukee, Wis.
1016 Kavsnagfa, Francis B., Cleveland, Ohio.
1921 Kavanagh, Marcus A., Chicago, 111.
1920 Kavanagh, William P., Denver, Colo.
1917 Rsy. Alfred, Milwaukee, Wis.
1600 Kay, William E., Jacksonville, Fla.
1022 Kayc, William W., Bakarsfleld, Oal.
1021 Kaylor, Omer T., Hagerstown, Md.
1022 Keach, Nelson L., New York, N. Y.
1022 Kean, B. J., OssGade, Iowa.
1022 Keane, Augustine C, San Franciaoo, Oil.
1918 Ktarfttl, Francis J., Tampico, Mez.
1022 Kearney, Hiomas M.. Racine. Wis.
mi Kearaqr, W. M., Reno. Nev.
1910 Keama, Hugh J., Chicago, ill.
1600 Keaabcy, Edward Q., Newark, N. J.
in8 Ksasbcy, George M., Newark, M. J.
1004
1018
1004
lOSO
1022
1014
1916
1017
1914
1022
1021
1021
1021
1921
ion
1014
1021
1011
1018
1020
1014
1016
1919
1919
1922
1922
1022
1022
ion
1022 KeaUng, detM, New York, N. Y.
1018 Keating, Cornelius F., Boston, llsss.
lOB Keating, Hvbcrt B., Sterling, Oolo.
1011 Keating, Patrick M., Boston, Maaa
1014 Keating, Thomas J., Columbus, Ohio.
1081 Keatli«, W. H.. Oskalooaa, Iowa.
J007 Keatoo, Jsmes R., Oklahoma City, OUa.
1021 Kee, John, BlucAeld, W. Ya.
1006 Keeble. John Bell, Nashville, Tenn.
1080 Keebler, Bobert 8., Memphis. Tenn.
19U Kecch, Edward P., Jr., Baltimore. Md.
1918 Keedy. Edwin R., Philadelphia, Pa.
1021 Keedyi Henry H., Jr.. Hagerstown, Md.
1021 Kecfe, Arthur Thomaa, New London,
Conn.
1012 Keefe, Hany L., Walthill, Nehr.
1010 Kecfe, Joseph P., Boston, Msm.
1012 Kcehn, Boy D.. Chicago, lU.
1018 Keeler, P. E., Long Beach, Cal.
1021 Keelcy, George Q., Cleveland, Ohio.
1915 Keeley, William E., Deer Lodge. Mont.
1981 Keeling, Ralph T.. Pontiac, Mich.
1920 Keenan. Robert B.. Sapulpa. Okla.
1922 Keenan, & A.. Seattle. Wash.
1911 Keensn, Thomss J., Binghamton, N. Y.
19n Keene, A. M., Fort Scott, Kan.
1914 Keene. George Frederick, Phlladelpfcis.
Ps.
1022 Keene, Henry 0., Wsshington, D. 0.
1906 Keene, Wslter A.. Seattle, Wash.
1916 Keeney, Francis B., Providence, R. I.
1801 Keeney, Willard F., Grand Rapids, Mich.
1018 Keesling, Frsncis V., Ssn Francisco, Cal.
ini Kefover, Charles F.. Cniontown, Pa.
1018 Kegley, W. B., Wytheville, Va.
1914 Rehde, Alfred, St. Louis. Mo.
1922 Kehoe, J. J., Oando, N. D.
1012 Kehoe, John E., Chicago, 111.
1021 Kehoe. William. Ssn Frsncitco, Ohl.
1020 Keidsn, Hsrry B., Detroit. Mich.
1918 Keifer, William W., SpringSeld, Ohio.
1917 Keil, William Theodore, St. Louis, Mo.
1916 Reiser. Addison A., Lodington, Mich.
1922 Kciater, T. L, 9slem, Vs.
ion Keith, Charobliss, Sehna, Ala.
1922 Keith. L P., McAlester, Okla.
1918 Keith. Jo^n D., Gettysburg, Pa.
1922 Keith, M. R., Kramare. N. D.
1912 Kefth. Thomas R., Fsirfsx. Vs.
ion Keith, William, Wichita, Kan.
1006 Kelby. Jsmes Edward, Los Angeles, Cal.
1022 Kelefaan, James H. L., St Paul. Minn,
ion Keleher. William A., Albuquerque,
N. M.
1015 Keleher, William T.. N^ York, N. Y.
ion Kell. a B., White River, & D.
ini Kellar, Chsmbers, Lead City, 8. D.
1988 KeUaa, Leroy M., Makyae, N. Y.
800
AKERICAN BAB A8S00IATI0N.
1912
1891
1922
1921
1922
1918
1966
1919
1921
1922
1911
1922
1921
1922
1922
1921
1902
1918
1904
1914
1912
1911
1907
1912
1921
1919
1922
1920
1916
1916
1920
1918
1920
1918
1907
1922
1922
1911
1912
1922
1922
1921
1914
1921
1914
1922
1920
1922
1917
1919
1911
1918
1916
1922
1917
1917
Kelleher, D. U., Fort Dodge, Iowa.
Kelleiip WUliam V., Boston, IImb.
Keller, Adam Bruoe, Pittsburgh, Kani.
Keller, Herbert P., St Paul, Minn.
Keller, W. O., Portland, Ore.
Keller, William H., Lancaater, Pa.
Kellejr. C. P., New York, N. Y.
Kelley, Daniel F., San Juan, P. B.
Kelley, J. H., Portland, Oreg.
Kelley, James E„ St. Paul, Minn.
Kelley, James Edward, Boston, Ma«.
Kelley, James W., Denver, Oolo.
Kelley, Joseph B., Oincinnati, Ohia
Kelley, Loyal O., Riverside. OaL
Kelley, Nicholas, New York, N. Y.
Kelley. Thomas H., Cincinnati, Ohio.
Kelley, William H., Richmond, Ind.
Kellogg, Abraham L., Oneonta, N. Y.
Kellogg, Frank B., St. Paul, Minn. -
Kellogg, Frederic R., New York, N. T.
Kellogg, Hanry L., Milwaukee, Wis.
Kellogg, John P.. Waterbury, Conn.
Kellogg* Joseph A.. New York, N. Y.
Kellogg, Virgil £., London, Eng.
Kellogg, Willis 6.. Westfleld, Mask
Kellough, R. W., Tulsa, Okla.
Kelly, Bernard. Peoria, 111.
Kelly, Daniel E., Valparaiso, Ind.
Kelly, E. J., Des Moines, Iowa,
Kelly. Edmund P., Chicago, 111.
Kelly, Edward J., Chicago, 111.
Kelly, Edward J.. New York. N. Y.
Kelly, George H., Neenah, Wia.
Kelly, Glenn D., Davenport, Iowa.
Kelly, Harry Eugene, Chicsgo, 111.
Kelly, Howard C. New Yorlp. N. Y.
Kelly, Hugh T., Los Angeles, Cal.
Kelly, James A.. New York. N. Y.
Kelly, Jamca J.. Chicsgo, III.
Kelly, James M., New York, N. Y.
Kelly, James Raleigh, San Frandsoo,
Oal. .
Kelly, James Y., Charleston^ m.
Kelly, John P., Scranton, Pa.
Kelly, Joseph O., Boston, U$m,
Kelly, Joseph L., Bristol. Va.
Kelly, Patrick M., New York. N. Y.
Kelly, Raymond J., Detroit, Mich.
Kelly, Richard, New York, N. Y.
Kelly, Richard 0., Winston-Salem, N. O,
Kelly, T. Paine, Tsmpa, Fla.
Kelly, Thomas, Boston, Mass.
Kelly, William J., Brooklyn, N. Y.
Kelly, William J., Boston, Mass.
Kelly, William R., Greeley, Oolo.
Kelsey, Frederick T., New York, N. Y.
Keko, L JL, St. Louis, Mo.
Kelso, Ivan, Loi Angeles, OoL
1922 Kem, James P.. Casper, Wyo.
1907 Kemp, Bolivar E., Amite, La.
1912 Kenpv Frank A., Jr., Denver, Oolo.
1909 Kemp, John W., Los Angeles, Cal.
1922 Kemp, Samuel B., Honolulu. HawaiL
1919 Kemp, Smeltaer Vernon, I^yncUnirg. Va.
1910 Kemp, W. Thomas, Bsltimore, Md.
1912 Kemper, Jackson B.. Milwaukee, Wia.
1918 Kempton. Edwin. Brooklyn, N. Y.
1922 Kendall, H. A., Kalispell, Mont
1907 Kendall, McMmore, New York, N. Y.
19B0 Kendall, N. E., Des Moines, Iowa.
1922 Kenderdine, Glenn A., Iowa Oity, Iowa.
1918 Kimdrick, Murdoch. Philadelphia. Pa.
1922 Kenison. Charles V., New York, N. Y.
1919 Kenlston. Davis B., Boston. Msss.
1891 Kenna, Edward D., New York, N. T.
1916 Kenna, Frank, New Haven, Conn.
1920 Kennary, J. Shurly, Detroit, Mich.
1921 Kennedy, O. P., Akion, Ohio.
1922 Kennedy, Frank H., Charlotte, N. C.
1921 Kennedy, H. O., Somerset, Ky.
1916 Kennedy, Heniy H., Winnctka, HL
1906 Kennedy, Howard, Omaha, Nebr.
1907 Kennedy, J. A. C, Omaha, Nebr.
1921 Kennedy, James J., New York, N. Y.
1922 Kennedy, Laurence J., Bedding, OaL
1918 Kennedy t Michael J., Ishpemlng, Mich.
1918 Kennedy, Millard B., Ohioago, HI.
1906 Kennedy, Richai^ L., St. Paul, Minn.
1918 Kennedy, T. Bhke^ Cheyenne, Wyo.
1921 Kennedy, Thomas, Bloomington, lU.
1920 Kennedy, William J., New Haven, Oosm.
1921 Kenner, Sumner, Huntington, Ind.
1918 Kennerly, W. T., Knoxville, Tenn.
1907 Kenneson, Thaddeos Davis, New York,
H. T.
1921 Kcnnett, Frederick A., BpringSeld, Mass
1918 Kenney, Elisabeth L.. Los Angeles. Oal.
1921 Kenney, Joseph T., New Bedford, Unas.
1922 Kenney, P. E., Oelina, Ohio.
1918 Kenney. Richard R., Dover. Del.
1888 Kennon, Newel! K.. St. Qairsville, Ohio.
1911 Kenny, Tbomaa J,, Boston, Mask
1921 KeHWorthy, B. B, Little Rock, Ark.
1922 Kent, Fkank J., New York, N. T.
1911 Kent, Ralph &, Buffalo, N. Y.
1907 Kenyon, Alan D., New York, N. T.
1911 Kenyon, J. Miller, Washington, D. C.
1907 Kenyon, Robert Nelson, New York, N. T.
1894 Kenyon, Wm. Houston, New York, K. T.
1918 Keogh, Martin J., New Bochelle. N. T.
1918 Keogh, Itemas P., New York, M. T.
1922 Keohane, John, Beach, N. D.
1921 Kephart, John W., Kbemhuig, Peon.
1918 Keppelman, John A., Reading, Fn.
1912 Kepperley, James B, I^kewood, M. J.
1922 Keiberg, Sidney 0., Aadnbon, losin.
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF MEMBSR8.
801
xm Kerifui, Joteph B., Springfield, lltti.
im Kerker, Harry E., Ohampftign, III.
1921 Kern, Howard L., New York, N. 7.
UnS Kcnun, Benjamin W., New Orleans, La.
1919 Keman, Charlea H., Proridence, R. I.
1918 Keman, John D., Utica, N. T.
1919 Kemer, Otto, Chleago, 111.
19Z2 Kemgood, Norman W., New York. N. T.
1916 Kemochan, Frederlcf , New York, N. T.
1918 Kema, O. W., Tan Wert, Ohio.
1917 Kerper, George B., Jr., Powell, Wjo.
19SS Kerr, Harold C, St. Paul, Minn.
1981 Kerr, Hugh H., Staunton, Va.
1906 Kerr, James B., Portland, Ore.
1920 Kerr, John Duncan, Calumet, Mich.
1928 Kerr, Mark P., Spokane, Wash.
1921 Kerr, William D., Chicago, 111.
1918 Kersten, George, Chicago, HI.
1914 Kerx, Paul, Galena, 111.
1918 Kesiler, Harry S., Boise, Idaho.
1918 Ketcham, Herbert T., Bellport, L. I.,
N. Y.
1920 Ketchum, M. C, Memphis, Tenn.
1919 Ketchum, Phillips, Boston, Mass.
1921 Keutgen, Charles O., New York, N. T.
1980 Key, W. N., Jackson, Tenn.
1990 Keyea, Alexander D., San Prandseo,
Cal.
1909 Keyea, Harlow W., Indlanola, Kebr.
1921 Keyser, William F., Luray, Va.
1921 Kidd, A. M., San Francisco, Ckl.
1921 Kidd, Albertus H.. Beatrice, Neb.
1921 Kidd, Herbert West, Los Angeles, Gal.
1894 Kiddle, Alfred W., New York, N. Y.
1917 Kier, W. H., Corinth, Mass.
1918 Kileen, Edward F., Wsutoma, Wis.
1918 Klley, Michael H., Cazenovia, N. Y.
1901 Killian, James R., Denver, Colo.
1911 Killilea, Henry J.. Milwaukee, Wis.
1914 Killits, John M., Toledo. Ohio.
1917 Killoren, William H., St. Louis. Mo.
1917 Kilmer, W. C, Martinsburg, W. Va.
1920 Kiloatrick. Arthur W.. Detroit. Mich.
1911 Kflshefmer, James B., New York, N. Y.
1918 Kilahelmer, James B., Jr., New York,
N. Y.
1912 Kimball, B. F., Chicago. TR.
1911 Kimball, George Everett, Boston, Mass.
1916 Kimball, Harry Grant, New York. N. Y.
1922 Kimball, James N., Ogden, Utah.
1922 Kimball, Parker W., Spokane, Waah.
1918 KimbaH, Ralph, Cheyenne, Wyo.
1922 Kimball, Rufus Hatch, San Francisco,
Oal.
1918 Kimber, T. W., Akron, Ohio.
1921 Kimble, B. P., Portsmouth, Ohio.
1918 Klmbrough, D. M., Boulder. Ool.
1921 Kincaid, William A.. Jr., Manila, P. L
SLBCTCD
1921 Kinder, Dwight M., Gary, Ind.
1910 King. Alexander C, Atlanta, Qa.
1919 King, Alvin O., Lake Charlea. La.
1914 King, Archibald, Camp Benning. Ga.
1911 King, C. Carroll, Brockton, Mass.
1917 King, Charles F., Glens Palls, N. Y.
1921 King, Chester H., I^srracase, N. Y.
1920 King, D. L., Lewisrille, Ark.
1922 King, Dean, Kalispell, Mont.
1921 King, E Scott, Cincinnati, Ohio.
1917 King, Earl, Memphis, Tenn.
1906 King, Edmund B., Sandusky, Ohio.
1921 King, Brman A., Cambridge, HI.
1920 King, Florence, Chicago, 111.
1912 King, Frederick P., New York, N. Y.
1889 King, George A., Washington. D. C.
1922 King, Goodman, St. Louis, Mo.
1921 King, H. 8., Huntington, W. Va.
1911 King, Henry A., Springfield. Maas.
1921 King, Hervey W., Boston, Maas.
1912 King, James E., St. Louis, Mo.
1922 King, John, Spokane, Waah.
1914 King, John R., Taylonrille, IlL
1920 King, John J., Texarkana, Tex.
1922 King, Paul H.. Detroit. Mich.
1922 King, Percy J., Napa, Cal.
1919 King, R. E, Memphis, Tenn.
1921 King, Robert N., New York, N. T.
1921 King, Robert R., Greensboro, N. C.
1921 King, Robert R., Jr., Greensboro, N. C.
1912 King. Samuel B., Chicago. III.
1919 King, Stanley, Boston, Mass.
1921 King, W. D., Douglaa, Ariz.
1921 King, Walter John, New York. N. Y.
1906 King. Will R. (PortUnd, Ore), Wash-
ington. D. C.
1922 King, Willard L.. Chicago, HI.
1906 King. William B., Washington, D. C.
1919 Kingan, S. L., Tucson. Ariz.
1921 Kingdon, A. F., Bluefield, W. Va.
1919 Kingman, Joseph R., Minneapolis, Minn.
1921 Kingsbury, C. O., Ponca, Neb.
1917 Kingsbury, Howard Thayer, New York,
N. Y.
1919 Kingsbury, Jas. Thomson, ^Tbmbstone,
Ariz.
1921 Kingsbury, John H., Indianapolis, Ind.
1916 Kittgsland, Lawrence Chappell, St. Louis,
Mo.
1916 Kingsley, George A., MinnespoUs, Minn.
1921 Kingsley, Jesse E., Syracuse, N. Y.
1922 Kingsley, Rose, Cambridge, Maas.
1922 Kinkaid, D. B., Lamar, Colo.
1897 Kinkaid, M. P. (Oneill, Nebr.), Wash-
ington, D. C.
1919 Kinkead, Cleves, Louisville, Ky.
1914 Kinkead, William C, Cheyenne, Wyo.
1922 Kinkel, John M., Tbpeka, Ksn.
802
AKSBICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
1981 Kiuwne, John B., Bay City, Mich,
im Kinniaon, James E., Oaiit<m, Ohio.
1916 Kimey, William M., St. Louia. Mo.
190A Kinaler, Jamea C, Omaha, Nebr.
1916 Kinaley, Samuel H., Colorado Springa,
Colo.
1911 Kinaworthy, E. B., Little Bock. Ark.
1922 Kinzel» Harry O., Spokane, Wadi.
1911 Kiplinger, John H. (RuahvUle. Ind.),
Wiesbaden, GermaBy.
1907 Kirby. Daniel N., St Louia. Mo.
19U Kirby, Joe, Sioux Falla, B. D.,
19SS Kirby, Lewia R.. San Diego, Gal.
1916 Kirby, Thomas M., Cleveland, Ohio.
1911 Kirby, William P., Uttle Bock, Ark.
1901 Kirchwey, Qeorge W., New York, N. T.
1921 Kirk, Arthur D., Hartford. Ky.
1912 Kirk, Clyde, Des Moinca, Iowa.
1922 Kirk. George E., Toledo, Ohia
1917 Kirk, Jamea T., Tuacumbia, Ala.
1922 Kirk, Joaeph, San Fiandaco, CaL
1914 Kirk, Walter H., Peoria, 111.
1922 Kirkbride, Charles N., San Mateo, Oal.
1916 Kirkland, Ira B., Chicago. HI.
1917 Kirkland, Weymouth, Chicago, 111.
1918 Kirkpatrick, Lex J., Kokomo, Ind.
1917 Kirkpatrick. T. L., Charlotte, N. C.
1919 Kirkpatrick. William H., Eaaton. Pa.
1914 Kirkpatrick, William &, Easton, Pa.
1699 Kirlin, J. Parker, New York. N. Y.
1921 Kim, Edward G., Lancaater, Ohio.
1921 Kirschman, Robert H., Battle Greek,
Mich.
1907 Kiriland, Michel. New York, N. Y.
1919 Kirwan, Charlea, Ladysmith. Wia.
1914 Kitdiel. Wm. Lloyd. New York. N. Y.
1911 Kixmiller, Wm.. Chicago, 111.
1922 Kicer, B. H., Spokane. Wash.
1922 KJorlang, Melkeer U. S.. Minneapolis,
Minn.
1915 Kleeberg, Gordon & P., New York, N. Y.
1921 Klein, Clayton L., Naugatuck. Conn.
1916 Klein, David, Cleveland, Ohio.
1921 Klein, Harry T., New York, N. Y.
1911 Klein, Henry, Kingston. N. Y.
191S Kleint Jacob B., Bridgeport, Conn.
1922 Klein, K. Karl, New York, N. Y.
1918 Kleiner, Charles, New Hsven. Conn.
1921 Kleinert, Edward P., New Orleana, La.
1921 Kleinman, S. H., Cleveland, Ohio.
1912 Kleinachmidt, R. A., Oklahoma aty,
Okla.
1922 Kleinsorge, William B., Sacramento,
Cal.
1990 Klene, Benjamin J., St. Louis, Mo.
1921 Klette, John H., Covington, Ky.
1917 Klewer, Edward B., Memphis. Tenn.
1912 Kline, Julius Eeynolds, Chicago. IlL
CLKCTBD
1911 Kline, M. A.. Ghajoma, Wyowdofr
1907 Kliag, Joaeph, New York, N. Y.
1922 Klinger, Leopold, New York, N. Y.
1018 Klock, George SlyldoB, Alboqpierqiua*
N. Max.
1914 Klota, Solon T.. Toledo, Ohio.
1921 Klots, Theodore C, Hammond, Ind.
1916 Kluwin. John F., Oahkosh, Wisu
1914 Knaebel, Ernest, Waahington, D. a
1922 Knapp, C. T., Biabee, Ari&
1922 Knapp, Edward A., St. Paul, Minn.
1918 Knapp. Henry Alonzo, Scranton, Pa.
1922 Knapp, James T., Waterloo, lowm.
1916 Knapp, Kemper K., Chicago, lU.
1918 Knapp, Martin A., Waahington, D. C.
1922 Knapp. Theodore A.. Saratoga Springa,
N. Y.
1918 Knapp, Walter H., Canandaigua, N. Y.
1896 Knappen. Loyal E., Grand Rapida, Mich.
1909 Knappen. Stuart E., Grand Rapida, Midi.
1922 Knauf, Arthur L., Jamestown, N. D.
1906 Knauf, John, Jameatown, N. D.
1918 Rnaua, Frederick J., PhiladelphU, Pa.
1919 Kneeland, William A., Boston, Maaa.
1981 Knight. Albion W., Jacksonville. Fla.
1914 Knight, E. C, Livingston. Tenn.
1921 Knight, E. D.. San Franciaco, Oal.
1911 Knight, Edward W., Charteaton. W. Va.
1921 Knight, Harry E., New York, N. T.
1907 Knight, Harry S.. Sunbury, Pa.
1914 Knight, Henry F., Boston, MassL
1981 Knight, J. B. C, Anaconda. Mont.
1922 Knight, J. F., Seattle. Wash.
1910 Knight, Peter O., Tampa, Fla.
1918 Knight, Samuel, San Francisoo, CaL
1921 Knight, Telfair, Jacksonville, FU.
1918 Knight. Wallace L, aeveland. Ohio.
1908 Knight, Walter A., Cincinnati. Ohio.
1921 Knight. Wiley W., Clear Uke. 8. D.
1981 Rnittel, Oscar A., Chicago. HI.
1921 Knobloch. Francia L., Thibodaux, La.
1921 Knobloch, Henry F. J., New York, N. T.
1922 Knoop, Henry L., Loa Angeles, Oal.
1914 Knowlton, Frank W., Boaton, Mmm.
1907 Knowlton. WOliam J.. Portland. Maine.
1921 Knox. Arthur, New York. N. Y.
1922 Knox, Clay O., Ventura, OaL
1920 Knox, John dark. New York, N. T.
1921 Knox, Lewis T., New York. N. Y.
1921 Knox. Wm. F., Pittsburgh, Pens.
1922 Knupp, Guy, Porterville, Oal.
1917 Koch, Edward R., New York, N. T.
1919 Koch, Roacoe R., Pottaville, Pa.
1912 Kocourek, Albert, Chicago. 111.
1918 Koehler, Hugo C. Alliance, OUo.
1981 Koenig, Harry D.. Chicago, IIL
1912 Koepke, Charles A., Chicago, HI.
1980 KoffeU Theodore, Bismardc, N. D.
ALPHABBTICAL LIST OF KBMBBBS.
803
19£2 Kohl, Mwin Phillipa, Nmt York. N. T.
Vn4 Kohl. Hciuy. Mcwborcfa. N. T.
ins Kohlcr, Otto. lleadTille, P«.
IMI Kohlnst, Edward a. Okic^io, DL
1914 Kohn, Walt«>r Thomu, New Tork, M. T.
1980 Kohn, William, St LouJa, Mo.
1919 Kohout, B. v., Wilber, Nebr.
19B KoUiQjw, William Bljtlia, San Fraa-
daoo, OaL
19tt Kolyn, Andrew J., Orange Clt7, Iowa.
1914 Kompel, llorria, Chicago, 111.
1910 Kontz, fimett C, Atlanta, Ga.
1914 KooBce, Ckarlca, Jr.. Youngatown, Oliio.
19n Koopman, E. H., Sibley, Iowa.
1920 Koperlfk, Benjamin F., Pueblo, Colo.
1919 Kopf, WillUm P., Chicago, 111.
19S1 Kopp, Arthur W., PlatteriUe, Wia.
19tt Xopple, Alorria D., New York. N. Y.
19S1 Kordowaki, C. H., Chicago. IlL
IStt Koretl, Franklin F., Portland, Ore.
1916 Korf, H. C, Newton. Iowa.
1904 Romegay, W. H., Tinita. Okla.
1909 Soma, E. B., Tracjr. II inn.
1921 Korshak, lUx If.. Chicago, HI.
190B Kortc, George W.. Seattle, WMh.
1911 Kraft, F. William. Chicago, ni.
1906 Kramer, Edward C. B. St Louie, III.
1990 Kramer, Paul, Franklin. La.
1918 Kramer, B. R.. Marjnrille, Tenn.
1912 Kramer. Samuel, New York. N. Y.
1920 Kratky, Robert J., St. Louia. Mo.
1914 Kraua, Milton, Peru, Ind.
1922 Kraua, Mortimer, New York, N. Y.
1918 KraoM. 0. R., Dell Rapida, & D.
1918 Kraose. Homer Q., Dell Rapida. & D.
1918 Krauae. Jamca B., Williaraaport, Pa.
19n Krauai, Daniel Webater, Bmnawick, Ga.
1922 KrauaB, Harry. San Juan. P. R.
1921 Krauas, Max. Chicago, IlL
1909 Krauthoff. Edwin A.. Boston, Maai.
1917 Krearoer, Ehieat L.. Chicago^ IH.
1914 Kreger, Edward A.. Weat Point. N. Y.
1921 Kreimer. Ralph A.. Cincinnati. Ohio.
1917 Kreia, L. Alvin, Cincinnati. Ohio.
1918 Kramer, J. Bruce, Butte. Mont
19S1 Kremer, Louia. Cincinnati, Ohio.
1919 Krenike, Charlea, Racine. Wia.
1910 Kreps, Charlea A.. Parkertburg. W. Ya.
1921 Kretzinger, George W.. Jr.. Chicago, Hi
1921 KreToruck, Frank, New York, N. Y.
1090 Krieger, Myron, New York. N. Y.
1911 Krlete, Frank L.. Evaniton, IlL
1919 KrimbiU, Walter IC, Rial, P. L
1921 Rriaek, Joaeph F., Milwaukee, ma.
1922 Kroegcr, Guatave, Boiae, Idaho.
1912 Krook, Carl G., Kingman, Aria.
1914 Kropf. Oacar A., Chicago, IlL
1921 Kroaa, Michael, Elmhurat, IIL
19tl Kruager, Everette H., Cleveland, Ohio.
1917 Kruger. Chaoacey J., St Louia, Me.
1918 Krum. Cheater H., St. Louia, Mo.
1920 Kmae, Carl, Enid, Okla.
1918 Krydcr. Ralph L., Akron, Ohio.
1921 Kuerta, William Jerome, Oindnaati,
Ohio.
1922 Kuflewski, Thaddeua F.. Chicago, m.
1918 Kuhl, Max J., San Frandaco, Cal.
1980 Kuhn, Arthur K.. New York. N. Y.
1911 Kuhn, John J.. New York. N. Y.
1921 Kuhn, Oacar W.. Oindnnati. Ohio.
1918 Kuhna. Ezra M.. Dayton. Ohio.
1921 Kuhna, MUea S., Dayton, Ohio.
1918 Kujawaki, Leon A.. Clereland, Ohio.
1922 Kuklinaki, Otto G.. Reno. Ner.
1914 Kolp, Victor H.. Norman. Oklahoma.
1912 Kump. H. G.. Elkini, W. Va.
1921 Kunkel. Frank H., Oindnnati, Ohio.
1912 Kunkle, John E., Greenabwg, Pa.
1922 Kuna, John F.. Reno. Nev.
1921 Runs. Medard A.. Chicaaro. TIL
1922 Kunaraan. Irving, Plainfleld. N. J.
1911 Kuraheedt. Manuel A.. Bronxville, N. Y.
1919 Kurtz, Everett B.. Miami. Fla.
1916 Kurtz, J. Banka. Altoona, Pa.
1922 Ruix, Irving J., New York, N. Y.
1921 Kuaworm, Sidney O., Dayton, Ohio.
1917 Kutcher, Charlea A., SherldJn, Wyo.
1922 Ktttner, Joseph H.. New York, N. Y.
1921 Rutscher, Hany, New York. N. Y.
1922 KuykendalL E. V., Olympia. Wash.
1921 Kuzmier. Robert Z.. New York, N. Y.
19a KveUo. Alfred M.. Lisbon, N. D
1914 Kvea. Lafayette M., Eaat Palestine, O.
1922 Kyle, John P., St Paul. Minn.
1921 Kyrlakopulos, O. A., Chicago. IH.
1921 Labadie, George Y., Pawhuaka. Okla.
1891 Lacey, John W., Cheyenne, Wyo.
1914 Lackey. Edward W., Tanneraville, N. Y
1918 Lackey, George W.. Lawrenceville, III.
1911 Lackey, Thomaa S., Uniontown, Pa.
1889 Lackner. Francis. South Pasadena, Otlif.
1912 Lackner, Joaeph L.. Oindnnati, Ohio.
1918 Lacombe, E. Henry, New York. N. Y.
1922 LaOorte. Salvatore F.. Elizabeth, N. J.
1921 LaCroas, Julian, Del Rio, Texas.
1921 Lacy, A. C, Fargo, N. D.
1909 Lacy, Arthur J., Detroit. Mich.
1020 Lacy, Nat. M., Macon, Mo.
1920 Lacy, Verne. St. Louia. Mo.
18D6 Ladd, Sanford B., Kansas City, Mo.
1916 Udner, Albert H., Jr., Philadelphia, Pa.
1916 Ladner, Orover C, Philadelphia, Pa.
1918 Lady, Wm. Ellia. Loe Angelea, CaL
1981 Lafferty, W. T., Lexington. Ky.
1911 Laffey. John P.. Wilmington. Del.
1919 Laflin, Herbert N.. Milwaukee, Wia.
1916 La FoUette, J. J. M., Bloomington. Ind.
i04
AMBRICAlf BAB AfiSOCIATION.
19B UfoUette, W. U, Jr., OoUax, Wish.
1980 Lainf , E. Bruce, Dowagitc, Mich.
1920 lAing, John A., PortUnd, Ore.
1918 Uird, Oeoive M.. Loos Bcftdi, OtL
191S Laird, John P., Parkersburf, W. Ya.
1921 Laird, Maiy E., Waahington, D. O.
1921 Laird, Benel A., Alturas, OaL
1920 Lake, Edward W., St. Louia, Mo.
19SL Lake, Frederick W., Loa Angelca, Oal.
1917 Lake, John B., Oskalooaa, Iowa.
1922 Lakuata, Nicholaa, Denver, Oolo.
1914 Lamar, George H., Waahington, D. 0.
1921 Lamar, Kifbj, Rouaton, Mo.
1911 Lamar, Laciiia Q. 0., Havana. Ooba.
1914 Lamar, Robert, Hooaton, Mo.
1921 Lamar, llieodore J., Birmingham, Ala.
1914 Lamar, William H.. (RockriUe, Md.).
Waghington, D. C.
1914 lAmb, Broekenbrough, Richmond, Va.
1912 Lamb, N. F., Jonesboro, Ark.
1990 Lamb, W. B., Jr., Farettevllle, Tens.
1914 Lamb, William B., Chicago, 111.
1921 Lambdin, J. Oarl, Jclferaon Oity, Tenn.
1922 Lambe, Edward J.. Beaver Oity, Neb.
1918 Lambert, Frank B., Minot, N. D.
1921 Lambert, L Sidney, New York, N. Y.
1922 Lambert, L. R., Santa Roaa, OaL
1921 Lambert, Marahall E., Shawneetown, lU.
1921 Lambert, William O., andnnati, Ohio.
mi Lambert, Wilton J., Washington, D. C.
1918 Umej, WilUam J., New York, N. Y.
1921 Lamkin, Oriffln, Birmingham, Ala.
1822 Lamont, Donald Y., San Frandaeo. Oal.
1918 L'Amoreamc, Paul C, Chicago, IB.
1921 Lamphere, Allen L., Detroit, Mich.
1921 Lampke, A. Glacier, New York, N. Y.
1921 Lampl, Henry, Wichita, Kan.
1921 Lampman, Leo O., Primghar, Iowa.
1818 Lamaon, George W.. Nampa, Idaho.
1822 Lamaon, Herbert, Jacksonville, Fla.
1818 Lamaon, J. 8., San Frandaoo, Cal.
1818 Lamaon. Richard, Preaoott, Aria.
1818 Lanaghen, Gideon F., Chicago^ 111.
1888 Lucaatcr, Charles C, Waahington, D. 0.
1801 Lancaater, William A., Minneapolis^
Minn.
1812 Lancaater, Wm. W., New York, N. Y.
1814 Land, Edward M., Goldsboro, N. C.
1808 Landaa, Moacs D., Vicksbarg, Miss.
1814 Landers, Howe 8.. Indianapolis, Ind.
1818 Landcra. John Joseph, Keene, N H.
1921 Landia, Gary D., DeLand, Fla.
1901 Landia, Charles I., Lancaster, Pa.
1921 Landia, John C, Jr., 8t. Joaeph, Mo.
1921 Landia, Robert K., Dajrton, Ohio.
1818 Landia. William P., Ardmore, Pa.
1821 Landon, Benson, Ohicago, 111.
1914 Landon, Thad. B., Kanaaa City, Mo.
fcLVWTBD
1820 Landwehr, Frank, St Louia, Mo.
1817 Lane, Charlea Elmer, Cheyenne, Wjo.
1821 Lane, Oharlea J., New York, N. Y.
1818 Lane, Hairy, Jersey City, N. J.
1822 Lane, Joe P., DIUon, & a
1821 Lane, Joe R., Davenport, Iowa.
1818 Lane, Merritt. Newark, N. J.
1812 Lane, Yietor H., Ann Arbor, Mich.
1808 Lane, Wallace R., Ohicago, III.
1812 Lane. Woloott O., New York, M. T.
1822 Langdon, W. H., San Frandaeo, Oal.
1913 Lange, GuaUr, Jr., New York, N. Y.
1822 Langford, F. B., Spokane, Waah.
1921 Langhome, James F., Ban Franciaoo.
Oal.
1922 Langfaome, Maurice A., Ttooma, Waah.
1918 Langknecht, Carl H., RanaM City, Mo.
1922 Langaton, John D., Goldsboro, N. C.
1917 Langwith, J. A., Winnemucca, Nev.
1921 Langworthy, Benjamin F., Ohicago, IlL
1914 Langworthy, H. M.. Kanaaa City, Mo.
1921 Langworthy, Ralph W., Tucaon, Arln.
1818 Lanham, Samuel Tockcr, Spartanbiitg.
s. a
1814 Lank, Edgar W., PhiUdelphla, Pa.
1821 Lankford, H. Fillmore, Prlnecas Abdo.
Md.
1818 Lanncrs, Hany W., Doluth, Minn.
1818 Lannlng, Charlea D., Boston, Maaa.
1021 Lanning, Kenneth H., lYcnton, N. J.
1922 Lannon, Edward T., San Diego, OaL
1022 Lansburg, 6. Las, San Frandaeo,- Oal.
1914 Lanaden, D. L., Naahville, Tenn.
1921 Lanaden, David 8., Oairo, lU.
1821 Lanaden, John M., Oairo, 111.
1920 Lansing. A. B.. St. I^oula. Mo.
1814 Lanaing, Robert, Washington, D. O.
1822 Lants, George D., Spokane, Wash.
1818 Lapham, Oacar, Providence, R. I.
1817 Lapsley, John Whitfield, Selna, Ala.
1921 Lapsley, Rutherford, Anniaton, Ala.
1904 Larimer, Jeremiah B., Topeka, Kana.
1920 Larimore, H. H., St. Louia, Mo.
1918 Lark. Charles C, Shamokin, Pa.
1916 Larkin, Robert E., Streator, niinohi
1920 Lamach. Alexander D., Hooololu,
Hawaii.
1908 La Rodie, Walter P., Portland. Oragon.
1908 Larrabce, Frank D., Minneapolis, MIbb.
1923 Larrabee, L. L., Loa Angeles, Oal.
1914 Larrabee, Sydney B.. Portland, Maine.
1906 Laraon, Oscar J., Duluth, Minn.
1920 Laraon, Thorwald, Holbrook, Aria.
1918 Larwill, Langdon H., Denver, Colo.
1914 Laraelere, Nicholas H., Nonlatown, Pin.
1921 LaaecU, Joaeph Andrew, Ohicago, m.
1920 Laahly, Arthur Y., 8t. Looia, Mo.
1918 Lashly. Jacob M., St Louia, Ma.
ALPHABKriCAL LIST OV MBMBKB8.
805
mi LMktf, Heuy, 8|prli«fteki,
1911 Laaktj, John B., Wiihiaftoii, D. C
18U LMki, Uon, Hew York, N. T.
1919 Luiiter, Charles T., Petertbars, Ve.
191S Uthun, Ctrl R., Oikago, DL
IflSl LatlMin, JiMb H., Deeatur, III.
IMS Letlirop, Gardiiier, ChioagD, OL
191B Letlirapt Umoj norenoe, Denrer, Odio.
191S UtiDer, W. CtenoU, AtlanU, Oe.
ins Lenbemteiii, Frank J.. AAland. Pa.
ItlS LauehhciBMr, Byhnn Hajrca, Baltimore,
Md.
19» Lauder, W. &, Wahpeten, N. D.
1914 Laiicr, M(ar J., New York, N. Y.
1919 LaiigblJiip nank a, Buflklo, N. Y.
1928 Laufffalio, Fiederie J., Portland, Me.
1982 Laiishlin, Qail, San Prancisoo, GaL
1921 Laufent, Jeaeph S., lioulivllle. Ken. •
1907 LantertMch, Bdward, New 'York, M. Y.
1928 Lautcratein, Leon, New York, N. Y.
1981 Lautnann, Herbert M., OUeago, lU.
1921 Laux, J. Frank, Briatow, Okla.
1921 LaTelle, Frank A., Boston, Maai.
1921 Lavenburv, Arthur, New York, N. Y.
1981 Lavender, J. F., Boekwell Oitj, Iowa.
1919 LavcfT, Uitan A., Chicago, ni.
1919 Lavln, Jamea P., Phoenix, Aria.
1989 UvtB, Patrick A.. 8t LoDia, Mo.
1919 Uw, J. B., Caarkafaurv, W. Ya.
1911 Lawlar, Clement A., JEanaaa City. Mo.
1989 Lawlar, John A., Haatinga, Neb.
1929 Lawler, Joseph B., Chicaco, ni.
1906 Lawler, Oacar, Loa Angelea, Cat
1981 Lawlcsi, Thoa. J., Chleaffo, 111.
1922 Lawler, William P., San Franeiaoo, Cal.
1909 Lawrason, & McO., St Francterllle, La.
1919 Lawrenoe, Alexander A., Savannah, Oa.
1920 Lawrenee, Aubrey, Fargo, N. D.
1922 Lawrenoe, Edwin W., Rntland, Yt
1919 Lawrence, Fred F., Skowhegan, Maine.
1909 Lawrence, George A., Oalesbarg, HI.
1981 Lawrenee, George Ohanning, Boston,
Mas.
1921 Lawrence, James, Wellington, Kan.
1981 Lawrence, James O., Manila, P. L
1981 Lawrence, Rulif Y., Freehold, N. J.
1921 Lawrenoe, SUaton T., Rutherford, N. J.
1981 Lawrenoe, Thomas £., Buifalo, N. Y.
1919 Lawrence, Yan Courtlandt, Boston, Mass.
1921 Lawrence, W. O., Calhoun City, Miss.
1922 Lawson, Gordon. Los Angeles, Oal.
1917 Lawaon, Hal., Abbeville, Ga.
1914 Lawaoo, Harley F., Bawkimville, Ga.
1989 Lawaon, J. L., Alamogerde, N. M.
1917 Lawaon, L. M., Darlington, & a
1919 Lawthsr, Hany P., Dallas, Tea.
1989 Lnwton, Afcnmnder B., Ssvannsh, Ga.
1919 Lswton, Alexander R., Jr., Savannah,
Ga.
1911 Lawton, Frederick, Boston, Msssl
1917 Uwyer, George, Albany, N. Y.
1922 Layman, F. B., Portland, Ore.
1921 Lajme, Oamey M., Huntington, W. Va.
1982 Lay ton, Caleb &, Wilmington, Del.
1921 Laaansky, Bdward, New York, N. Y.
1981 Laaaroe, Jaeob John, New York, N. Y.
1912 Lasarua, Eldon Spencer, New Orleans, La.
1981 Lasarua, Joseph, Louisville, Ky.
1918 Lsaenby, John R., New York, N. Y.
1922 Lea, John P., Richmond, Ya.
1910 Lea, Luke, Nadivllle, Tenn.
1919 Leach, C. Nelaon, Chicago, HI.
1922 Leadi, Oacar, Raeford, N. 0.
1918 Leach, Will, Scranton, Pa.
1921 Leader, Benjamin, Birmini^am, Ala.
1918 Leahy, David J., East Lss Yegaa, N. M.
1920 Leahy, J., Raton, N. M.
1920 Leahy, John P., St. Looia, Mo.
1900 Leahy, John a, St. Louis, « Mo.
1918 Leahy, John W., Cleveland, Ohio.
1919 Leahy, T. J., Pawhuska, Okla.
1920 Leahy, Thomas W., Muskogee, Okla.
1921 Leahy, William B., Washington, D. O,
1918 Leake, Eugene W., New York. N. Y.
1906 Leake, Hunter C, New Orleans, La.
1919 Leake, J. Jordan, Richmond, Ya.
1886 Leakin, J. Wilson, Bsltimore, Md.
1921 Learoy, Jamea P., Rutland, Yt.
1911 Learned, Myron L., Omaha, Kebr.
1918 Leary, Edward F., Omaha, Nebr.
1916 Leaiy, William R.. Salt Uke City. UUh.
1921 Leasure, Jamea P.. Ottawa, Ohio.
1922 Leatherwood, Elmer O.. Washington,
D. 0.
1889 Leavitt. John Brooks, New York, N. Y.
1921 Leavitt. Nathan R., Elisabeth, N. J.
1922 Leavy, Char lea H., Spokane, Waah.
1921 Leavy. H. Wilford, New York, N. Y.
1919 Leber, Samuel F., Newark, N. J.
1918 LeBoeuf, Randall J., Albany. N. T.
1921 Le Bosky, Leo S.. Chicsgo, 111.
1917 Lecher. Louis A., Milwaukee. Wk.
1920 Lechner, Harvey U, Philadelphia. Ps.
1918 Leckie. Frederick U. Oevelend, Ohio.
1914 Ledbetter, H. A., Ardmore^ Okla.
1921 Lederer, Cbarlea, Chicago, HI.
1921 Led with, John J., Unooln, Neb.
1916 Ledyard, Henry, Detroit, Mich.
1920 Lee, A. C, Moaroeville, Ala.
1916 Lee, Archibald A.'. Denver, Colo.
1980 Lee, Benedict H., Detroit, Mich.
1887 Lee, Blair. Silver Springs, Md.
1894 Lee, Blewett, New York, N. Y.
1911 Lee, Bradner W., Los Angpi^,^ d^i.
806
AKSRICAK BAR A8800IATION.
1918 Lee, Bradner Wtlli, Jr., Lot Angelei»
Gtl.
1921 Lee, Charles O., Aaherille. N. O.
1917 Lee, Oharlea K., Fort Worth, Tttaa.
1909 Lee, Chaucer Q., Ames, Iowa.
1921 Lee, D. Oollioa, Oovinfftoo, Kj.
1911 Lee, David P., Norwich, K. Y.
1921 Lee, Duncan Campbell, London, Bnf.
1916 Lee. Eddy 0., Salt Uke City, Utah.
1922 Lee, Edward J., MInneapoUa. Minn.
1910 Lee. Edward T., Chicago, III.
1914 Lee, Edwin W., St. Louia, llo.
192b Lee. Frank. Muskogee. Okla.
1920 Lee, Frank E., Fort Morgan, Ool«.
1921 Lee, Henry E., Crewe, Va.
1921 Lee, Howard B.. Louisville. Ky.
1920 Lee. Jamca Henderson. Detroit. Midi.
1913 Lee, Jay M., Kanraa City, Mo.
1921 Lee, Jesse W.. Webster City. Iowa.
1920 Lee. John D.. Sumter, S. C.
1906 Lee, John P.. St. Louis, Mo.
1918 Lee, John H. S., Chicago, III.
1914 Lee, John L. 0.. Baltimore. Md.
1921 Lee. John M.. Chicago, 111.
1918 Lee, Kenyon Farrar. Los Angeles, CaL
1916 Lee, Leroy, Kingstree, S. C.
1921 Lee, Onrille W., Chicago. HI.
1917 Lee. Ray E., Cheyenne, Wyo.
1913 Lee, T. Bailey. Burley. Idaho.
1919 Lee, Thomas Amory. Topeka, Kans.
1907 Lee, Thomas Zanslaur, Providence, R. I.
1918 Lee. William A., Boise, Idaho.
1920 Lee, William Baxter, Knoxville. Tenn. *
1914 I^, wniisro L.. Fayetteville. W. Va.
1922 Lee. William R., Tacoma, Wash.
1922 Leeds, Walter R., Los Angeles. Cal.
1920 Leekley, Harlow A., Muskogee, Okla.
1921 Leen, Arthur E.. Dayton. Ohio.
1919 Leeper, Robert D., Lewiston, Idaho.
1921 Lees, Andrew, La Crosse, Wis.
1911 Lees, Edward. St. Paul. Minn.
1916 Leete, Thomas T.. Detroit. Mich.
1914 Le Frvre, Charles H.. Washington. D. C.
1921 Lefflngwell. Frank P., Chicago. 111.
1911 Lefflngwell, Russell C, New York. N. Y.
1919 Leftwich, George J.. Aberdeen, Miss.
1917 Leftwich, Louia, Nashville. Tenn.
1888 Legendre. James. New Orleans. La.
1919 Legg. Cheater Arthur, Chicago, HI.
1918 Legg, J. H. C, CentreviUe. Md.
1918 Leggat, John C, Lowell. Mass.
1921 Legge, Lionel K., Charleston. 8. 0.
1917 LeOrande. J. W., Bennettsville. 8. C.
1915 Lehman, L Howard. New York, N. Y.
1913 Lehman. Irving, New York, N. Y.
1921 Lehmann, Carl, Cincinnati, Ohia
1897 Lehmann, Frederick W., 8t Louii, Mo.
1917 Lahaiann, Frederick W., Jr., Dea MoiBea»
Iowa.
1917 Lehmann, John &, St. Louia, Mo.
1909 Lehmann, Sears. St. Louis, Mo.
1921 Lehrer, 8. J., Chicago, HI.
1921 Lehtman, Benjamin, Chicago, HI.
1928 Ldoester, J. F., flan Fnodnoo, Cal.
1916 Leigh, Norvelle R., Mobile, Ala.
1922 Leininger, C. W., Redding, Oil.
1918 Leiser, Andrew A., Chicopce Falla, Maaa.
1918 Leiser, Andrew A., Jr., Lcwisbnrg, Pa.
1922 Leitch, Constance, Los Angelea, Cal.
1919 Leitch. Stephen W., Baltimore, Md.
1928 Ldterman, Samuel N., New York, N. T.
1922 Leman, Henry W., Chicago, IlL
1921 Lemann, Walter. Donaldsville. La.
1911 Lemann. Monte M., New Orlenna. La.
1920 Lerabke. F. T., Hettinger. N. D.
1921 Lemkuhl. Joaeph, Cincinnati, Ohio.
1907 Lemle, Oustave, New Orleana, La.
1922 Lemmoa, Oeorge J.. Denver. Colo.
1921 Lemoo, Frank K., Clinton, III.
1904 Lenehan, Daniel J., Dubuque. Iowa.
1910 L*EngIe. E. J.. Jacksonville, Fla.
1922 Lennon, Tbomaa J., San Firanclsco, Oal.
1913 Lenaaen, Nicbolaa F., New York. N. T.
1917 Leon. Maurice. New York, N. Y.
1921 Leonard, Charlea R., Butte, Mont.
1922 Leonard, Frank R., Chicago, lU.
1922 Leonard, J. .C, Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
1921 Leonard, L. L., St. Loufa, Ma
1915 Leovy, Victor, New Orleana. La.
1922 Leppo, J. B., Santa Roaa, Cal.
1921 LeRoaen, Arthur A., Shrevepcrt, La.
1928 Le Rue, Arch L., 8t Paul, Minn.
1916 Leser, Oscar. Baltimore. Md.
1914 Leah, Paul B.. Washington, D. C.
1922 Lesser, Benjsmin, New York, N. T.
1913 Lesser. Jacob J.. New York. N. Y.
1920 Lesser, M. B.. Memphis. Tenn.
1921 Lester, Eugene F., Wilburton, OMa
1914 Lester. Wharton E., Washington. D. C
1921 Letchworth. Edward H., Buffalo, N. T.
1901 Letton. Charles B.. Lincoln. Nebr.
1922 Leuty. Tom J.. Oakesdale, Waah.
1921 Leva, J. Arthur, New York, N. T.
1922 Levene, Alexander, New York, N. T.
1920 Leveque, Louis D.. Terre Haute, Tnd.
1921 Leverich. Watts K.. New Orlesns, La.
1911 Leverodi, Frsnk. Boston. Msss.
1912 Leverson, Oliver, Detroit. Mich.
1920 Levi. Abraham L.. St. Louis. Mo.
1911 Levi, Joseph C, New York. N. Y.
1914 Levi. Julius C. Phllsdelphia. Pn.
1922 Levin, A. I., St. Paul, Mian.
1921 Levin. Harry, New York, N. Y,
1920 Levin, laadore, Detroit, Mick.
1916 Levin, Michaet Milwmikce. Wit.
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF MBMBBB8.
807
Ittt Lerine, Benjamin L., Seattle, Waah.
1920 Lerine, J. L., Ohattanooga, Tenn.
1082 Lerinakr, Arthur L., Stockton, Oal.
1921 Leylnaon, Darid, OhicaifO, 111.
1919 Lerinaon, Harry C, Chicago, III.
X920 Lerlnaon, Morria G., St. Loute, Mo.
1921 Lerinaon, Morria O., Chicago, HI.
1899 Lcrinaon, Salmon O., Chicago, 111.
1896 Leria, Howard C, London, Eng,
1921 Leria, Robert P., New York, N. T.
1921 Leriaohn, Arthur A., Chicago, HI.
1921 Leriaon, Philip. New York, N. Y.
1921 Lerit, Lewia D., Chicago, 111.
1922 Leidton, Charlea, Chicago, ill.
1908 Levy, Aubrey, Seattle, Wadi.
1921 Lery, Dairid L., San Pranciaco, Oal
1918 Levy, David M., ancinnati, Ohio.
1919' Levy, David R., Chicago. 111.
1921 Levy, Edward B., New York. N. Y.
ms Levy. Pellx H.. New York. N. Y.
1921 Levy, Harry R., Chicago, HI.
1902 Levy, Joeeph L., Kew York. N. Y.
1921 Levy. Lawrence L.. San Francisco, Oal.
1918 Levy, Leo. New York, N. Y.
1915 Levy. Moe. Norfolk, Va.
1918 I^evy. Samuel, New York, N. Y.
1916 Levy. Samuel J., Minneapolis. Minn.
1922 Levy, Samuel M., New York, N. Y.
1921 Levy, Sylvanua George. Winnetka. 111.
1918 Levy, William B.. Baltimore. Md.
1907 Lewenberg. Solomon. Boston. Mass.
1922 Lewinaon, Benno, New York. N. Y.
1981 Lewinson, Joseph L., Los Angeles, G^l.
1980 Lewis. Abraham, Jr., Honolulu. Hawaii.
1918 Lewia, Addison Carr, Steubenville, Ohio.
1928 Lewia, Bertha Wallace, Austin, Tex.
1921 Lewis, Ceylon H., Ssrracuae. N. Y.
1920 Lewis, Clarence M., New York. N. Y.
1922 Lewis, Devillo, Port Angeles. Wash.
1919 Lewis, Rmest W.. Phoenix. Ariz.
1900 Lewis. Francis D.. Philadelphia. Pa.
1918 Lewis. Frsnk S., Toledo, Ohio.
1920 Lewis, Giles P., Milton. Fla.
1919 Lewis, H. Stuart. SufToIk. Va.
1921 liewis. Herbert I.. Weat Point, Va.
1918 Lewis. Howard, Toledo. Ohio.
1918 Lewis, Howard Benton, Philadelphia, Ps.
1908 Lewia, J. Hamilton, Chicago, HI.
1922 Lewia, Jay L, Corrallis, Ore.
1908 Lewis. John Frederick, Philadelphia, Pa.
1921 Lewis, John H., MInot, N. D.
1922 Lewia, John M.. San Francisco. Osl.
1921 Lewis. .Yoseph W., Pittsfleld, Maas.
1915 Lewis, Lawrence, Denver, Colo.
1921 Lewis. Leon L.. Chicago, HI.
1922 Lewis, Llston L., New York, N. Y.
1915 Lewis, Loran L., Jr.. Buffalo, N. Y.
1914 Lewis. Looia 8., New York, N. Y.
nKCTCD
1920 Lewia. Maaon A., Denver. Colo.
1914 Lewia, Merton B., Rochester, N. Y.
1920 Lewia, Miles W.. Jacksonville, Fla.
1911 Lewia. Nathan B.. West Kingston. R. I.
1918 Lewis, Paul Murray, Boston. Mass:
1922 Lewis, R. F., San Francisco, OaL
1922 Lewia, Robert E. L., New York, N. Y.
1921 Lewia, Roger, New York, N. Y.
1920 Lewia, S. R.. Tulsa. Okla.
1921 Lewia, Seymour M., Chicago, 111.
1917 Uwia. Shippen. Philadelphia. Pa.
1920 Lewia, Troy W., Little Rock. Ark.
1898 Uwia, W. Draper. PhiladelphU, Pa.
1915 Lewia. W. R., Montezuma, Iowa.
1911 Lewia, Walter SUnford, New Orleana,
U.
1922 Lewia, Warren H.. Seattle. Waah.
1911 Uwia. William H., Boston. Maas.
1908 Uwis, Willism I.. Paterson. N. J.
1921 Lewkowitz, Herman, Phoenix, Aria.
1921 Uxow, Morton, Suffem, N. Y.
1914 Lhowe, Harold Rogera. New York, N. Y.
19^8 Libbv. Warren E., San Diego. Cal,
1922 Lichtig. Arnold, New York. N. Y.
1921 Liddy. Ralph W., Detroit. Mich.
1911 Lide, L D.. Marion, 8. C.
1921 Lider. Harry A., New Bedford, Maas.
1907 Liebman, Walter H., New York, N. Y.
1922 Uechti, Arnold W.. San Francisco, Oal.
1918 Llesrhley, P. L. A.. Cleveland. Ohio.
1922 LilTrinff, John D., Waterloo, Iowa.
19C9 Light. John H., South Norwalk. Conn.
1918 Light. Robert W., Boston. Mass.
1914 Lightfoot, Joseph. Honolulu. Hawaii.
1920 Lightfoot, Joseph B., Honolulu, Hawaii.
1806 Lightner. Clarence A.. Detroit, Mich.
1918 LIgon, R. F.. Montgomery, Ala.
1910 Lile, William Minor. Charlottesville, Va.
1921 Liles, Luther B.. Annlaton, Ala.
1910 LHlard, J. W., Decatur. Tenn.
1981 Ulleston, W. F., Wichita, Kan.
1913 Lllllck. Ira S.. San Franclsro. Cal.
1921 Lillle, Edward H., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1988 Ltllia, Henry M., Laa Vegas, Nev.
19M LIllv, Ma*or J., Moberly, Mo.
1922 Lilly, William, New York, N. Y.
1922 Limburg, Herbert R., New York, N. Y.
1918 Lincoln. Albert L., Boston, Mass.
1911 Lincoln, Alexander, Boston, Mass.
1911 Lincoln. Arha N.. Fall River. Mass.
1922 Lincoln, Daniel W., Worcester. Mass.
1912 LIndabury. Richard V., Newark. N. J.
1922 Lindauer, Arthur, Fairfield, Oal.
1921 Lindeman, C. A., Yuma, Ariz.
1919 Lindemuth, Benjamin F., Providence,
R. I.
1913 LIndheim, Norvin R., New York, N. Y.
1922 Lindholm, Paul Purcell, Lexington. Miss.
808
AlCEBIOAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
KUICTID
1920 Undlcj, Adelbert H., Detroit, Mich.
1008 LiacQej, Eramus C, St. Paul, Mlnii.
1919 Lindlej. Fred E., S«zi Diego, Cal.
1912 Lindlejr, Walter C, Danville, 111.
1920 Lindsay, Alexander, Jr., Honolulu,
Hawaii.
1920 Lindsay. Alexander P., Pittsburfh, Pa.
1922 Lindsay, Carl Z., Fresno, Cal.
1914 Lindsay, James J.. Baltimore, lid.
1907 Lindsay. John D., New York, N. T.
1922 Lindsay, William J., Chicago, HI.
1902 Lindaey, Edwsrd, Warren, Pa.
1901 Lindsley, Henry A., Denver, Colo.
1922 Lindsley, Joseph B., Spokane, Wash.
1920 Linebaiger, Paul Myron, Shanghai, China.
1911 Lines. George. Milwaukee. Wis.
1922 Uoforth, Walter H., San Francisco, Qui.
1919 Ling. Perry M.. Jerome. Ariz.
1922 Lingenfelter, C. B., San Francisco, Cal.
1918 Link. A. C. Springfield. Ohio.
1914 Unkins, Charles, Washington, D. C.
1912 Linn. Andrew M., Washington, Pa.
1915 Linn. Philip B.. Uwishurg. Pa.
1914 Linn. Stahle, Salisbury, N. C.
1909 Linn. William B., Philadelphia. Pa.
1916 Linnell. William &, Portland, Me.
1920 linncy, Frank A., Boone, N. a
1919 Linncy, Hart well H., San Francisco. CaL
1919 Unscott, Daniel C, Boston. Mass.
1911 Linscott. Frank K., Boston, ICasa.
1922 Unsday, James B., Sheldon. Iowa.
1921 Linstrom, H. A., Hayti, 8. D.
1918 Linton. James N.. Columbus. Ohio.
1922 Unrille, O. P., Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
1922 Lipman, George M., San Francisco, Cal.
1921 Upp, Samuel I., Cindnnsti, Ohio. '
1922 Uppitt, Guty H., New York, N. Y.
1922 Uppman, Max, New York, N. Y.
1922 UpKhults, Leo, Brooklyn, N. Y.
1918 Lipscomb, A. D., Beaumont, Texas.
1919 Upson. Issac B., Chicago, HI.
1922 Uas, Max C, Chicago, IIL
1922 UsB, Rebecca WUlner, Chicago, HL
1980 Utowich, B. L, Salina, Kana.
1916 Litsinger, Edwsrd R., Chicago, lU.
1921 Little, Albert C, Boston, Mass.
1911 Little, Amos R., Boston, Msss.
1921 Little, Ctrl M.. PorUand, Oreg.
1918 Little, Charles B., Scrsnton, Pa.
1912 Little, James C, Raleigh, N. C.
1818 Little. John E., Colorsdo Springs. Colo.
1921 Uttle, John Msys, Towson, Md.
1916 Little, Joseph W., Wilmington. N. a
1920 Little, Nonral W., Pittsburgh. Pa.
1921 Little, W. a, Cincinnati, Ohio.
1918 Littleflcld, Charles W., Providence, B. L
1918 Littlefleld, James B.. Providence, R. L
1902 LitUefteld, Nathan W., Providence, R. L
BLBOTID
1919 Uttlcpage, Tliomas P., Waahiagtott,
D. a
1921 LitUetOD, Oarlyle S.. Chattanooga,
1912 LitUeton, Frank L., Indianapolis, lad.
1910 Uttleton. Jesse M., ChstUnooga. Ten.
1918 Uttleton. William G., Philadelphia, Pn.
1921 Utz, M. O., Welch, W. Va.
1921 Uvengood, Y. E., Covington, Ind.
1914 Uveright, Alfred M., aearSeld. Pn.
1921 Uverman, H. T., MansOeld. La.
1921 Uvermore, Arthur L., New Tock, N. T.
1921 Uvesay, J. O., Foreman, Ark.
1917 Ur^tey, Fied. M., Huntlngtosu W. Ya.
1917 Uvii^Bton, Carl B., Carlsbad, M. M.
1914 Uvingston, D. W., Nebraska aty, Nebr.
1920 Livingston, H. J., Memphis, Tsan.
1922 Uvingston, Sohuyler W., WssUacton,
Iowa.
1914 Lloyd, James T., Waahii«ton, D. a
1906 Uoyd, Malcolm, Jr., Philadelphia, Pa.
1918 Lloyd, Warren E., Los Angelca. Qd.
1918 Lloyd. WillUm U., Philadelphia. Pa.
1919 Lobben, Jena L., St., James, Mlaa.
19H Lobdell, Charlea E., Waahlngtoa. D. O.
1922 Lobdell, J. Karl, Los Angeles, OaL
1907 Lobingier, Charles &, Shanghai, GhJaa.
1920 Loch, John W., Memphia, Tean.
1918 Locke, Eugene P.. Dallas. Texas.
1921 Locke, Walter M., CindnaatI, Ohio.
1918 Lockhart, Jamea M., Ely, Nev.
1917 Lockhart, Walter &, Durban, N. C
1914 Lockhart, William B., Galveston. Teiaa
1912 Lockwood, Charles a. New York, N. T.
1918 Lockwood, Charlea D., Stamford, Oona.
li^ Lockwood, Edward M., Norwalk. Ooaa.
1916 Lockwood, George R.,' St. Lonia, Ma
1921 Lockwood, Barley K., Cedar Rapida,
Iowa.
1919 Lockwood, James T., Apponaug, R. L
1919 Lockwood, L. Deane, Lcgaspi. P. L
1917 Lockwood, Roy, Ticonderoga. N. Y.
1900 Lockwood. Vir)gil H., Indianapolia, lad.
1917 Loder, Le Roy W., Bridgetoa, .N. J.
1917 Lodge, Heniy Oibot, Waabington. D. GL
1922 Loeb, Albert I., San Francisco, Cal.
1918 Loeb, CUrencc, PhiUdelphia. Pa.
1921 Loeb, Edwin J., Loa Angeles, OiL
1918 Loeb, Joseph P., Los Angeles. Gal.
1912 Loeb, Leo, Charleston, W. Va.
1919 Loeber. Florence, New Orleana, U.
1921 Loehwing. Marx, Chicago, III.
1896 Loesch, Frsnk J., Chicago. IIL
1916 Loeser, Nathan. Oeveland, Ohio.
1914 Loevinger, Gustavus. St Psul. Mian.
1922 Loew, WillUm N., New York, N. T.
1908 Loewenthal. Max. Los Angeles, OaL
1922 Loewenthal, Paul, Los Angela^ OsL
1922 Loewy, Walter, San Fraadaoo, (U.
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF MSHBBK8.
809
1919
19n
1982
1981
1921
1922
1922
1912
1914
1914
1921
1911
1921
1921
1921
1918
1921
1921
1916
1908
1914
1914
1912
1990
1921
1990
1916
1921
1912
1921
1918
1921
1920
1921
1918
1922
1916
1916
19(1
1912
1919
1906
1921
1920
1918
19a
19119
1914
1922
1922
1911
1914
1908
1912
1907
Loftiii, Soott M., JackBcmrille. FU.
Loftua, Clarence J., Ohieago, HI.
Loftua, William A., San Francisco, Dal.
Logan, John, Waahington C. H., Ohio.
Logan, Joaeph D., Sakm, Va.
Logan, M. M., Bowling Qreen, Kj.
Logan, Sidney M., Kaliapcll, Mont.
Logan, Straud 11, Qnnd Junction, Cola
Logue, J. Waahington, Philadelphia, Pa.
Logue, John Gibaon, Houaton, Texaa.
Lohman, Clarence, Pawhuaka, Okla.
Lonahaugh, E. B., Sheridan, Wyoming.
Lonabaugh, Harvey E., Sheridan, Wyo.
London, Benry M., Baleigh, N. O.
London, Horace, Mew York, H. Y.
Loneigan, Auguatine, Hartford. Conn.
Loncrgan, Frank J., Portland, Oreg.
Loaea, W. F., Wellarille, Ohio.
Long, Albert J., Hageratown, Md.
Long, Armlatcad R., tynchbarg, Ta.
Long, Benjamin F.. StateaviUe, N. a
Long, Breckinridge, Waahington, D. 01
Long, Chester I., Wichita, Kanaaa.
Long, Ernest M., Richmond. Va.
Lcmg, H. P., Shrereport, La.
Long, Inrin, Detroit, Mich.
Long, Jease R., Chicago, HI.
Long, Juliua T., Shrereport, La.
Long, Martin Henry, Jacksonville, Fhu
Long, Mitchell, Knorville, Tenn.
Long, Percy V., San Franciaoo, Oal.
Long, WiUlam H., Chicago, 111.
Longan, Edward E., St. Louis, Mo.
Longan, John M., Phoenix, Aria.
Longstreth, Mayne R., Philadelphia, Pa.
Longsworth, L E., Uroa, Ohio.
Looby, M. F., Chicago, Bl.
LooAMmiow, Frederick C, Salt Lake
aty, UUh.
Loomia, Elihu G., Boston, Maaa.
Loomia, George Linden, Fremont, Nebr.
Loomia, Bomer L., New York, N. Y.
Loomia, M. H., Omaha, Nebr.
Loooqr, F. J., Shrereport, La.
LooBcy, M. A., Oklahoma City, Okla.
Looney, William H., Portland, Maine.
Looi^ Karl D., Waahington, D. 0.
Loot, Mevin J., Bethlehem. Pa.
Loose, Jacob C, Mauch Chunk, Pa.
Lopes, Joaquin, San Juan, Porto Rico.
Lopes, Juan Hemandes, San Juan, P. R.
Lorbach, David, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Lord, Arthur, Beaton, Maaa.
Lord, C. A., Beaumont, Texaa.
Lord, Frank E., Chicago, III.
Lord, John S., Chicago, 111.
Lorenzen, Ernest O., New Haven, Conn.
Loret, Joseph A., San Juan, P. B.
1914 Lorie, J. L., Kanaaa City, Mo.
1916 Loring, A P., Boston, Maaa.
1928 Loring, Oharlcab Waahington, D. C.
19U Loring, Victor J., Boston, Maaa.
1918 Loring, WUliam Caleb, Boston, Maaa.
1911 Lothrop, Thornton K., Jr., Boston, Maaai
1919 LotMh, John L., New York, N. Y.
1918 Louchheim, Samuel K., Philadelphia, Pa.
1919 Loucka, Charlea 0., Chicago, 111.
1921 Loocks, Daniel K., Watertown, & D.
1918 Loucka* Perry F., Watertown, & D.
1918 Loucka, Wm. Dewey, New York, N. Y.
1921 Looer, Albtft S., Chicago, HI.
1911 Loughborough, J. F., Uttle Rock, Ark.
1918 Loughlin, John K., Philadelphia, Pa.
1922 Loughran, Patrick H., • Waahington,
D. 0.
1922 Looghrey, John L, Marysville, Ohio.
1916 Louia, Benjamin Franklin, Houaton, Tex.
1921 Louiaon, Alfred B., Rockford, HI.
1916 Lourie, David A.; Boston, Maaa.
1921 Lourie, John M., New York, M. Y.
1914 Lourie, Moaea 8., Boston, Maaa.
1912 Love, C. Morup N., Wilbur, Waah.
1921 Love, David B., Fremont, Ohio.
1914 Love, Thomaa B., Dallaa, Texaa.
1921 Love, Stephen, Chicago, Bl.
1921 Love, Walter B., Monroe, N. O.
1921 Love, WilUam F.. Rochester, M. Y.
1920 LoveJoy, Earl, Detroit, Mich.
1918 Lovell, Charles H., San Frandaco, OaL
1920 Lovequeat, George H., Detroit, Mich.
1919 Loveridge, Edgar H., Prcacott, Arix.
1914 LoveCt, A. B., Savannah, Ga.
1916 Lovett, H. T.. Huntington, W. Ta.
1922 Lovett, William W., Jr., Los Angeles,
Gsl.
1907 Lovett, Robert S., New York. N. Y.
19U Loving, Lucaa P., Waahington, D. C.
1922 Lovina, William T., Renova, W. Va.
1922 Lovrien, Frank S., Humboldt, Iowa.
1918 Low, Walter CurroU, New York, M. Y.
1895 Lowden. Frank O.. Oregon, BL
1916 Lowe, John Z., Jr., New Yorii« M. Y.
1921 Lowe, Roy &, Paola, Kana.
1911 Lowell, Jaroea A., Boston, Maaa.
1904 Lowell, John, Boaton, Maaa.
1920 Lowenhaupt, Abraham, St Louia, Mo.
1919 Lowenthal, Frederick. Chicago, BL
1922 Lowery, John M., Chicago, Bl.
1921 Lowea, Francia M., Chicago, BL
1921 Lowea, George M. B., Chicago, Bl.
1921 Lowey, Alfred R., Oaaper, Wyo.
1921 Lewn, Frank B., Poughkeepaie, N. Y.
1921 Lowney, John B., New Bedford, Maaa.
1922 Lowrano^, W. B., Topeka, Kana.
1920 Lowrey, Fred V., DaBaa, T^
1917 Lowiy, Landon, Bedford, Va.
810
AMBRICAK BAB ASSOCIATION
L
1914 Lowther, WUliao Btrle, New York.
N. Y.
1911 Loytll, W. H. T.. Noifolk, V«.
1914 LoEler, Ralph P.. Carroll ton, Mo.
1916 Lubke, George W., Jr., St. Louis, Mo.
1921 Lubj, Oswald D., Chicago, 111.
1915 Lucas. John H., Kansas City, MOb
1922 Lucas, Ralph D., Chicago, 111.
1912 Lucas, Thomas Edward, Tampa, Fla.
1912 Lucas, William J., East Las Vegas, N. M.
1922 Luccock, Eugene C, SeAttle, Wash.
1922 Luce, Edgar A., San Diego, Oil.
1921 Luce, Robert, Boston, Mass.
1922 Lucey, Edmund T., Los Angeles, Cal.
1914 Lucey, Patrick J., Chicago, III.
1918 Luck. Harry A., Nashville, Tenn.
1918 Lucker, Harry A., Tientsin, China.
1918 Luckey, David B., New York, N. Y.
1920 Lucking, Alfred, Detroit, Mich.
1916 Lucking. William, Detroit, Mich.
1922 Ludington, R. S:, Wenatdiee. Wash.
1913 Ludlow. Benjamin H., Philadelphia, Pa.
192D Ludvigh, Elek John, New York, N. Y.
1922 Ludwig, L. B., Lima, Ohio.
1920 Ludwig, Oswald Cross, Jr., Phoenix.
Ari£.
1906 Lneck, Martin L., Juneau, Wis.
1908 Lueders. Henry W., Tacoma, Wash.
1922 Luethge, George M., St. Paul, Minn.
1921 Luhman, R. F., Yakima, Wadi.
1920 Luick, Ida E., Milwaukee, Wis.
1911 Luke, Roecoe, Thomasville, Oa.
1914 Lum, Burt F.. San Francisco, Ckl.
1917 Lumpkin, Alva Moore, Columbia. 8. C.
1921 Lumpkin, E. K., Athens, Ga.
1919 Lampkin, M. C.,* Columbia, S. C
1920 Lund, Frank J., Webster City, Iowa.
1922 Lund, R. H., Tacoma, Wash.
1922 Lundin, Alfred H., Seattle, Wash.
1920 Lundy, E. J., Tulsa, Okla.
1922 Lundy, Edward H., Eldora, Iowa.
1921 Lunsford, C. M., Flncastle, Va.
1922 Lunsford, B. F., Reno. Nev.
1921 Lunsford. Todd, Chicago, 111.
1896 Lunt. Horace G., Colorado Springs. Colo.
1921 Lurle, Harry J., Chicago, 111.
1922 lurie, Herman I., New York, N. T.
1920 Lurton. Kelson E., Shanghai, China.
1921 Lusk, Charles W., Chattanooga, Tenn.
1922 Lust, H. C. Chicago, III.
1921 Luster, Ma:r, Chicago, HI.
1916 Lutkin. Harris Carman, Chicago. 111.
1913 Lutz, Henry E., Denver, Colo.
1913 Lybrand. Walter A., Oklahoma City,
Okla.
1918 Lyders. E., San Francisco, CaL
1920 Lydick. J. D.. Shawnee, Okhi.
19n I^eU, O. Oarland. Jadcaon. Misi.
1907 Lyford, Will H., Chicago, HL
1920 Lyie, John H., Chicago. HI.
1921 Lyman, Edward D., Lot Angelea, Oal.
1906 Lyman, Richard E., Providence, R. I.
1914 Lymer, William B., Honolulu. Hawaii.
1912 Lynch. Bernard E., New Haven, Conn.
1914 Lynch, Charles W., Clarksburg, W. Va.
1921 Lynch, Fred A., Guernsey, Wyo.
1921 Lynch, George B., Adair, Iowa.
1919 Lynch, James M.. Florence. 8. C
1920 Lynch, James M.. Waterfoury. Cobb.
1921 Lynch. John D., Sioux Falls, 8. D.
1922 Lynch, Thomas B., San Francisco, Cal.
1922 Lynch, Vernon W., Des Moines, Iowa.
1919 Lynde, A. Selwyn. Boston, Mass.
1912 Lynde. Cornel iua, Chicago, HI.
1921 Lyne, Daniel J., Boston, Maaa.
1911 Lynn, John D., Rochester, N. T.
1912 Lynn. Roscoe R., Little Rock, Ark.
1922 Lynn, Ross W.. New York. N. Y.
1922 I^ynn, Rpy A., Los Angeles, OtL
1916 Lyon, A. Stanford, Ranaas City, Mtt.
1897 Lyon, Adrian, Perth Amboy. N. J.
1912 Lyon, Arthur C, Grinnell, lowm.
1917 Lyon, C. C. Elizabethtown, N. C.
1922 Lyon, Frederi<*k 8., Los Angeles, Oal.
1912 Lyon. Jay F., Blkbom, Wis.
1904 Lyon, Montague, St. Louis. Mo.
1921 Lyon, R. B. H., Washington. D. G.
1914 Lyon, Simon. Washington. D. C
1917 Lyon, W. H., Jr., Smithfleld, N. C.
1903 Lyon, Walter, Pittsburgh. Pa.
1921 Lyon. William H., Sioux Falls, 8. D.
1916 Lyons. D. F., St. Paul, Minn.
1922 Lyons, J. E., Ssn Francisco, Oal.
1913 Lyons, John D., Monticello, N. Y.
1913 Lyons. William. Weatbrook, Maine.
1916 Lyons, William P., Baltimore. Md.
1906 Lyster. Henry L., Detroit, Mich.
1922 Lortle, Robert D., Vale, Ore.
1921 Lyttle, John L., New York. N. T.
1916 McAdams. E. G., Oklahoma City. Okla.
1914 McAdams, Francis M., Philadelphia. Pa
1922 McAdoo. Alfred H., Los Angeles, Cal.
1914 McAdoo, William, New York, N. Y.
1918 McAdoo, William G.. New Yolt, N. Y.
1913 McAli^ter. W. K.. Nashville. Tyrni.
1913 McAllister, Frank W., Kansas Olty, Mo.
1901 McAllister, Henry. Jr., Denver. Colo.
1913 McAllister, William M., Warm 8prii
Va.
1914 McAnany, Edwin S.. Kansas City.
1911 McAnamey, John W., Boston. Mstt.
1914 McArthur, Frank D.. Birmingham, Alft.
1921 McAulay, George F., Yak)roa, Wash.
1922 McAulifTe, Florence M., San Francisco.
oa.
1918 UeAytj, John V.. New York, 9. Y.
ALPHABBTIOAL LIST OF HBMBBB8.
811
1914 McAroj, Malcolm, Cincimuiti, Ohio.
1928 UcAroj, Prefton T., New Outle, Wjo.
19U lIcBaine, J. P., Columbia, Mo.
1922 McBean, Alan J., Omalia, N«b.
1920 McBcath, J. M., MeridUn, Miaa.
1922 McBee, B. a. Greenwood, Miaa.
1921 McBride, Claude B., JelfenonTille, lod.
1916 McBride, CUrtia B., MaiMlleld, Ohio.
1920 McBride.- Milford L., Qrore City, Pa.
1912 McBride, Bobert W., Indiaaapolia, liid.
1915 McBrooro, Balph, A., Bait Uke City,
Utoh.
1921 McBuskey, Emery A., Canton, Ohio.
1914 McCabe, Ambroae P., New York, N. T.
1922 McOabe, Charlea Alexander. Pomeioy,
Waafa.
1920 McCabe, Charlea M., Crawfordpvflle. Ind.
1920 McCadden. J. E., Memphis, Tenn.
1922 McCafffcy, Eugene, Ohicago, 111.
190S McCalTrey, Joaeph J., Proridence, B. L
1922 McOaleb, John B., Batcsvllle, Ark.
1919 McCall. John D., Beaumont, Texaa.
1921 McCtll, L. D., Dubois, Pemi.
1921 McCall, M. Pearl, Waahington, D. O
1918 McCall, Thomas, Chicago, 111.
1921 McCalliater, Edgar W., Pittdnirg, Peon.
1918 McCallum, J. D., Davenport, Wash.
1918 McCallum, Wm. Shaw, Boston, Mass.
1921 McOslly, Jay Clifford, Chicago, III.
1911 McCalmont, Edward S.. Washington,
D. C.
1021 McOslmont, John E., Pittsburgh, Penn.
1921 McCalmont, Samuel M., Morrison, 111.
1912 McCsmant, Wallace, Portland, Oregon.
1911 McCamic, Charlea, Wheeling, W. Va.
1922 McCandleas, Charles W., New York.
N. Y.
1921 McCandleas, John, Sheldon, Iowa.
1921 McOandless, Lewis W., Chicago, HI.
1914 McCann, Benjamin P., Dayton, Ohio.
1919 McCann, Le Boy, Colfax, Wash.
1919 McCanna, Francia 1., Proridence, R. I.
1918 McCam. Jeff, Nsshville, Tenn.
1920 McOsrran. Patrick A., Reno, Nevada.
1922 McCarroll, Joe, Hopkinsrllle, Ky.
1922 McCarter, George W. C, Newark, N. J.
1898 McCarter, Robert H.. Newark, N. J.
1918 McCarter, Thomaa N., Newark, N. J.
1921 McCarthy, Charles E., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1915 McOsrihy, Charles B., Troy, N. Y.
1918 McCarthy, Charles P., Boise, Idaho.
1922 McCarthy, Daniel L., Bethlehem, Pa.
1922 McCarthy, Frederic D., St. Paul, Minn.
1918 McCarthy. Frederick M., Ansonia. Conuu
1918 McCarthy, Henry A., Philadelphia, Pa.
1020 McCarthy. John P., Glen Cove. N. Y.
1916 McCarthy, John B., St. Louia, Mo.
1981 McCarthy. Joseph. Spokane, Wash.
1914 MoOsrthy, Joasph A.. Tnf, N. T.
1922 McOsrthy. Loyal B., Portland, Ore.
1908 McCtetby, M. B., Toledo, Ohio.
1980 McCarthy, NeU 8., Loa Angelca, OU.
1081 McOtrtaey, Owen O., Hamilton, BL
1918 Mccarty, C. A.. Honesdale, Pa.
1918 McOarty, Dwi^ht G., BoMnetabarg, lows.
1921 McCsah, Boell, Bloomfleld, Iowa.
1921 McOaaklll, O. L., Ithaca, N. Y.
1922 McCauffhan, George E., Long Beach,
Oal.
1981 McCaughey, H. M., Philadelphia, Penn.
1922 McOaugfaey, J. W., San Fraadaoo, Cal.
1917 McCauley. O. W., Moorefleld, W. Va.
1919 McGsolay. Bobert H., Hagcntown, Md.
1922 McOay, a H., Salem, & D.
1911 McCheaney. a P., St. Louia, Mo.
1922 McClahi, Elmer, Lima. Ohio.
1916 MoClammy* Herbert, Wilmington, N. a
1922 McdaaahaB, Bdmond B., San Frandsoo,
OiL
1916 MeClarin, Wm. H., Tulaa, Okla.
1922 McGhvke, Beed, San Waaeiaoo, OaL
1918 Mcaau^herty, Bernard, BhMiald,
W. Va.
1918 McClave, Roy Lewia, SteiibenTllla, Ohio.
1911 McClay, Samuel, Pittsburgh, Pa.
1914 McClear, Jamsa L^ Oocor d'Alcne,
Idaho.
1914 McClcaiy. Clayton A., Columhua, Ohio.
1918 McClellan, Thomas C, Montgomery, Ala.
1980 McClelland, Bruce, Jr.. Oklahoma City,
OkU.
1922 Mcddland, Robert W., Seattle, Wadi.
1918 McCknachan, Wm. B., Jr., Chester. Pa.
1914 McClenahan. Daniel H., Uncoln. Nehr.
1908 Mcaenahan, William B., Brainenl, Minn.
1906 MeClendon, James W., Austin, Texaa.
1911 McClennen, Edward P., Boston, Maas.
1921 McOlintock, Edward A.. Springfield.
1909 McClintoek, William &, Kauas City, Mo.
1922 Mcdoskey, John J., New Orleans, U.
1890 McOlosky, Bernard. New Orleana, La
1921 McOloaky, Paul, Eaat Chicago, Ind.
1922 McCloy, Joaeph F., New York, N. Y.
1921 McCluggage, B. T., Eldorado, Kan.
1921 McClung, Magee, Fayetterille, W. Va.
1886 Mcaonr, William H., Pittaburgh, Pa.
1906 Mcnure, Henry F., Seattle, Wash.
1918 McClure, James W.. Nashrille, Tenn.
1917 McChire, N. H., Medina, Ohio.
190B McOure, Walter A., Seattle, Waah.
1908 McClure. William B., SeatUe, Waah.
1922 MeCoin, Rufua Sidney, Bendctson, N. C
1918 McOoIl, Clark A., Westboro, Mo.
1922 McOollester, Parker, New York, N. Y.
1918 McOoUiB, Edward G., Phihidalphla. Pa.
812
AMERICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
■IJXTSO
in7 McCoIloiigh, Albcort W., Lanunle, W^.
1918 McCoUun, James H., Hope, Ark.
1918 McCoUum, Okw C, JacktooviUc, Wit.
1921 McOoUum, Sam, Bradr. Te9ca&
1922 McOomiflh, Ralph C, San Joie, Od.
1922 McOonley, Qeorgc B., Jr.» Sterling, Colo.
1922 MoOonlocue, B. B., Dca Moinei, Iowa.
1914 McConnauffhey, W. 8., Dayton, Ohio.
1915 McConncll, Qeorge A., Uttla Rock, Ark.
1907 IfcConnell, Jamea B., Boston, Maa.
1912 McConnell, John E., La Crcmt, Wii.
1921 McConnell, Robert 11, Knoxrille, Tenn.
1990 McConnell, T. Q., Knoxville, Tenn.
1922 MeOonndoug, John W., St. Paul, Minn.
1918 McCook, Anaon T., Harford, Conn.
1907 MeCook. Philip Jamea. New York. N. T.
1908 McOord, B. 8., Seattle, Wash.
1899 McCordie, Alfred £., Chicago, lU.
1921 McOorkle, Charlea A., Wichito, Kan.
1918 MeCorkle, James Thomas, Pueblo, Colo.
1918 MeCorkle, John H., San Diego, CaL
1918 MeCorkle, Walter L., New York, N. T.
1921 McOormlck, Cutler O., Chatham, Va.
1920 McCormick, Qrover, Memphis, Terni.
1921 McCormick, Howard H., Chicago, 111.
1909 McCormick, Jos. Manson, Dallas, Texas.
1918 McCormick, RIchsrd J., Harerhill, Mass.
1908 McCormick, Robert H., Chicsgb, 111.
1921 McCormick, Robert R., Chicago, III.
1921 McConnick, Ross, WichiU, Kan.
1918 McCormick, Bsnrael B., Pittsburgh, Pa.
1916 McCormick, Seth T., Jr., WiUiamsport,
Pa.
1922 McCormick, W. L., Taooma, Wash.
1911 McCouch, H. Ctordon, Philadelphia, Ps.
1918 McCourt, John, Portlsnd. Oregon.
1922 McOowan, Barclay, Bakersfleld, Osl.
1922 McCowen, Hsle, Jr., Ukiah, Oal.
1922 McCoy, A. M., Bed Bluff, Oal.
1917 McCoy, Charles Arthur, Lake Charles,
La.
1914 McCoy, E. H., Waterloo, Iowa.
1914 McCoy, James H., Huron, 8. D.
1922 McCoy, John N., Oskaloosa, Iowa.
1889 McCrary, A. J., Binghamton, N. T.
1911 McCrea, Wm. M., Salt Uke City, UUh.
1917 McCreeiy. Donald C, Oreeley, Colo.
1901 McCreery, James W., Greeley, Colo.
1914 McCreight, Smith M., Reynoldsrille, Pa.
1919 McCrory, C. B., Okmulgee, Okla.
1907 McCroskey, R. L., Colfax, Wash.
1918 McCrossIn, William P., Birmingham,
Ala.
1921 McCue, John C, Portland. Oreg.
1919 McCue, T. F., Orest FsUs, Mont.
1922 McCuing, Mike, Stuttgart, Ark.
1916 McCbllen, Edward J., St Louia, Mo.
1914 McCuHen, Josepl^ P., Philadelphia, Pa.
1921
1920
1911
1914
1921
1918
1981
1918
1918
1922
1914
1917
1916
1914
1921
1914
1896
1916
1921
1922
1821
1920
1922
1912
1921
1919
1921
1919
1917
1914
1908
1917
1922
1918
1909
1921
1916
1921
1921
1917
1907
1921
1922
1921
1906
1921
McCullodi, Alezahder, Ssn rranciaco,
cai.
McOiUoch, Catharine Waugh, Chicago.
HI.
McCulloch, William C, Portland, On,
MeCulIoh, Allan, New York, N. T.
McCoUoogh, Henry M., Elkton, Md.
McCuIliNigb, Tom L., Dallaa, Texas.
McCune, Heniy L., Kansas City, Mo.
McCutcfaen, C. M.. Denver. Colo.
McOutchen, Dan, Belle Foursdie, 8. D.
McCotchen, Edward J., San Franciaoo,
Oal.
McCutcheon, Otto E., Idaho Falls, Idaho.
McDaniel, Eugene P., Maryville, CaL
McDaniel, Henry, Demopolis, Ala.
MeDfmiel, Lawrence, St. Louis. Mo.
McDaniel, Sanders, Atlanta, Oa.
McDavid, Frank M., SpringHeM, Mo.
McDermott, C. H., Chicago, HL
McDermott, O. J., New York. N. Y.
McDermott, Edward J., Louisrille, Ky.
McDermott, Edward P., Kearney, Ncbr.
McDermott, Fnnk T.. Chicago. HI.
McDermott, George T., Topeka, Kanaas.
McDermott, Joseph, Freehold, N. J.
McDermott, Malcolm M., KnoxrUle.
Tenn.
McDermott, T. G., Mason City, Iowa.
McDevItt, John J., Jr.. PhiUdelphia, Pa.
McDiarmid, C. J., Cincinnati, Ohio.
MeDiU, George W., Los Angeles, CaL
McDonald, A. A., Hugo, Okla.
McDonald, Angus W., Charlestosi,
W, Va.
MeDonald, Charlea A., Chicago, IB.
McDonald. Charles C, Widiita ralla.
Texas.
McDonald, Charles H., Washington,
D. C.
McDonsld, Edward L., Lexington, Kjr.
McDonsld. G. M., Reynoldsvllle, Ps.
McDonald, Grace, New Castle, Wyo.
McDonald. J. B., Winnsboro. 8. C.
McDonsld. Jesse, St. Louis, Mo.
McDonald, John J., Oakland, CaL
McDonald, John S., Grand Rapids, Mich.
McDonald, Kinnie C, New York, N. T.
McDonald, N. P., Kearney, Neb.
McDonald, Prather &. New York. N. T.
McDonald, Will T., Mfemphia, Tenn.
McDonald, William Perqr, Memphis,
Tenn.
McDonnell, Charles M., Ottumws, Iowa.
McDonnell, Frank A., Chicago, HI.
McDonnell, T. F. L, Providence, R. I.
McDonneU, William A., Uttla Bock.
Ark.
AliFHABBTICAL U8T OF HBMBBB8.
813
1911 MdDoDougli, Chartot A., Boston. lUm.
1981 McOonouirh. OhArlet A., Manila, P. I.
1907 McDonough. Frank, Sr., Denver, Colo.
1808 McDonouffh, James R, Pert Smith, Ark.
1921 IfcOonough, John F., Waterbaiy, Oomi.
1911 HcDougal, D. A., Sapulpa, Okla.
1922 McDoiical, Frank J., San Franciaco, Oal.
1921 McDougalU baac, PocateUo, Ida.
1921 IfcDoosall, laaac X., PocateUo, Ida.
1911 McDougle, Walter B., Parkembarg,
W. Va.
1922 McDowall. Jamea K., Seattle. Waah.
1914 McDowell, Charlea S., Jr., Bnfaala, Ala.
1922 McDowell, Herbert, FreoK), Oal.
1912 McDowell, Jamea R., Memphii, Tenn.
1922 McDowell, R. A., LovlevUle, Ky.
1922 McEachen, John C, New York, N. T.
1907 McElheny, Victor K., Jr., New York,
N. T.
1919 McElrqjr, Bernard W., WaahJagton',
D. C.
1921 McElioy, Oharlea F., Ohicaco, 111.
1918 McBnemey, Ganret W., San Franciaco,
CaL
1921 McErera, John H., Wallace, Idaho.
1921 McEtoj, Frank P., Waterbory, Oonn.
1917 MoBwan, GeorBe J.. West Hoboken,
N. J.
1908 McEwen, Willard M., Chicago. HI.
1920 McFadden, Clarence J., Ely, Nevada.
1919 McFadden. S. E., Cheater, 8. C.
1922 McFadsean, Daniel. Vinlia. Oil.
I(r20 McFarUnd, Batea H., St. Louto, Mo.
1918 McFarland, Ben HoUiday. Aberdeen,
MiM.
1922 McFarland, C. L., Riverside, Oal.
1921 McFarland, Jamea G., Watertown, 9. D.
1919 McFartond, W. B., Ooeur d'Alene, Idaho.
1919 McPeeters, William R., St. Albans, Vt
1921 McFerren, Rube, Webster City, lowo.
1921 McOalloway, John P., Fond du Lac,
Wis.
1922 McOar^, Franda D., New York. N. Y.
1921 McOarry, Eogcne L., Chicago, III.
1918 McOany, M. J., Loa Angeln. Cal.
1921 McOarry, Paul D., Jackaonville,- Fla.
1906 McOarry, Thomaa P., Jackaonville, Fla.
1921 MeOaughciy, John E., Lawrenoevllle, 111.
1920 McOeachy. R. A., Milton, Ha.
1921 McOee, Clinton, Pontlac, Mich.
1911 McOee, Oeorge A., Minot, N. D.
1906 McOee, J. P.. Minneapolia, Minn.
1922 McOee, William O., San Francisco, Oal.
1982 McOehee, Lndua P.. Chapel HUl, N. C.
1920 McOeheev M. B., Memphia, Tenn.
1911 McOeoch^ Arthur N.. West Allia, Wla.
1921 McOill. George, WichiU, San.
1980 McOill, J. T., Bentonville, Ark.
1921 McOill, Joseph Tymm, Brooklyn, N. Y.
1916 McOill, Lconidaa H., Bentonville. Ark.
1913 McOilton, B. O., Omaha, Nebr.
1920 McOUvary, J. B., Kansaa aty, Mo.
1921 McGinn, Frank P., Chicago, III.
1921 McOinnis, B^nard B., Pittaburg; Penn.
1918 McOiiT, Frank C, Pittsburgh, Pa.
1921 McOlue, O. Percy, Waahlngton, D. OL
1906 McOoorty, John P., Chicago, III.
1012 McOovera, Franda E., Milwaukee. Wia.
1918 McOovem, James P., Washington, D. C.
1922 McOovem, John T., New York, N. Y.
1928 McOowan, Oeorge A., San Franciaeo,
OaL
1019 McOowen, J. 0., Water-Valley^* Miaa.
1922 McQrann, WiUiam H., New York, N. Y,
1913 McOrath, John B., Houtxdale,.Pa.
1913 McOrath, John P., |Waterbury, Oonn.
1919 McOrath, John P., Vorcester, Maas.
1918 McOrath, John M.. Princeton, W. Va.
1021 McOraw, J. A., Tryon, Neb.
1916 McGregor, Thomas B., Frankfort, Ky.
1922 McOuire, Edward J.. New York. N. Y.
1909 McOuire, Frank L., .New London, Conn.
1914 McOuire, Murray M., .Richmond, ^a..
1921 McOuire, T. J., Omaha, Neb.
1922 McGurrin, Edward, Salt Lake City, Utah.
1920 McHale, Frank M., Logansport, Ind.
1912 McHancy. Edgar L., Little Rock. Ark.
1914 McHarg. Onnaby, Jamestown. N. D.
1913 McHarg, T. A, Boulder, Colo.
1918 McHendrie, A. Watson, Trinidad, Colo.
1921 McHenry, Otrl H,, Monroe, La.
1920 McHenry, W. H., Des Moines. Iowa.
1908 McHugh, Charlea A., Richmond, Va.
1909 McHugh, Philip A.. Detroit. Mich.
1921 McHugh, R. B., Philipsburg. Mont.
1897 McHugh. William D., Chicago, HI.
1908 McHvaine. Tbmpkina, New York, N. Y.
1914 McIIwaine, William B.. Petersburg. Va.
1921 Mclnemey, John L., Chicago, IlL
1922 Mclnemey, Joieph, San IF^ranciaco, Oil.
1919 Mclnemey. Joaeph A.. Chicago. III.
1922 Mclnnes, Francia C, Fairfield. Oal.
1922 Mclnnea. Hamilton, New York, N. Y.
1918 Mclnnia, B. E., Oklahoma City, Okla.
1922 Mclntire, Charles H., Lowell. Masa.
1919 Mclntire, Frederic May. Boston. Msssi
1921 Mclntire, Issac N., Sheldon, Iowa.
1922 Mclntoah, 0. H., Reno, Nev.
1922 Mclntoah, D. A., Collins, Miia.
1900 Mcintosh. James H., New York. N. Y.
1921 Mcintosh, Kate H. Pier, Fond du Lae,
Wis.
1921 Mclntoah, Mllea W,, Ban Prandseo, Okl.
1913 Mclntyre, R. A.. Warrenton. Vs.
1917 Mclntyn,. Stephen, Lnmberton, N. a
1913 Mcltttyn^ W.vA., Grand Porka,-i'N« D. .
814
AMEBICAN BAB AfiSOOUTION.
ino
lOlS
1017
1918
1917
1920
1912
1920
1918
1922
1921
1918
1921
1921
1918
1914
1911
1921
1919
1922
1921
1911
1914
1912
1921
1922
1913
1921
1918
1911
1899
1911
1922
1906
1918
1912
1918
1918
1921
1918
1921
1920
1916
1921
1921
1914
1982
1980
1920
1897
1918
McKaig; Bdgv &, PUladelphiiu Pa.
McKaia, W. C, Toungatown, Ohio.
McKannaj, Harry O., 8aa Pranclaco, Cal.
McKay. Clinton B., Memi^ia, Tenn.
McKay, Douglaa, Columbua. 8. C
McKay, H. 0., Sharon, Pa.
McKay, John D.. Detroit, Mich.
McKay, Kenneth I., Tampa, Fla.
McKean, WUUam, Taoa, N. M.
McKee, David A., Wheeling. W. Va.
McKee, Denpater, San Diego, Oal.
McKee, John A., Chicago, 111.
McKee, Lanier, New York, N. T.
McKee, Rowland H., Dayton, Ohio.
McKee, Wood, Peterson, N. J.
McKeehan, Charlea L., Philadelphia, Pa.
McKeehan, H. H., Cleveland, Ohio.
McKeehan, ^^ph P., Carllale. Pa.
McKeel, J. r.. Ada. Okla.
McKeever, Buell. Chicago, 111.
McKeerer, Rdwin D., Topeka, Rancas.
McKeerer, H. O., Enid, Okla.
McKelrey, Oharlea W., Orange, N. J.
McKelvey, John Jay, New York. N. Y.
IfcKeWey, Lawrence B.. Saratoga
Springs. N. Y.
McKenna, Charles P., Pittsburgh, Penn.
McKeona, George M.. Napoleon, N. D.
McKenna. George R.. Westerly, .R. I.
McKenna, Maurice, Fondulac, Wis.
McKenna, Royal T.. Waahington, D. G.
McKenna, Thomas P., New York, N. Y.
McKenney. Frederic D., Washington,
D. C.
McKenaie, H. B.. Preaoott, Alt.
McKenaie, Harry A., San Francisco, Oal.
McKende, John, Great P^lla, Mont.
McKenaie, William D., Chicago, 111.
McKeon, Joseph B., Ban Frandsoo, Oil.
McRcown, John A., Chicago, 111.
McKeown, Tom D., Ada, Okla.
MeKereher, Clark, New York, N. Y.
McKeritt, Hugh K., Ban Francisco. Oil
McKibbin, George B., Chicago, I1L
McKillip. H. A.. Bloomsburg, Pa.
McKinlay, Donald S., Chicago, 111.
McKinlay, John P., Detroit, Mich.
McKinley» Archibald A., Chicago, 111.
McKinley, Harry 8., Pittsburgh, Penn.
McKinley, J. W., Jr., Loa Angeles. Ghl.
McKinney. Hayea, Chicago, HI.
McKinney, J. Herbert, Billinga, Mont.
McKinney, W. Hayea. Detroit. Mich.
McKinney. W. L., Portland, Tenn.
McKinney, William M., San Frandaoo.
McKinatry, J. a, San Franeiaoo, Cal.
McKlddc, B. T., Sacramento, Oil.
ILBCTBD
1914 McKnight, A. H., DaUte, Them.
1921 McKnight, Louie E., Enid, Okla.
1901 McKnight, Bichard, Chicago, HI.
1922 McKaii^t, William, Rom, Merada.
1921 McKone, lliomas C, Hartford, Com.
1914 McLanahan, J. Cnig, Baltimore, Md.
1914 McLane, Allan, Garrison, Md.
1919 McLane, John R., Manchester, N. H.
1916 McLaren. Robert L., St Loola, Mo.
1921 McI^ireB, George S., New Haven, Oobb.
1922 McLaren, William O., Seattle, Waah.
1911 McLaughlin, A A.. Washington, D. C.
1918 McLaughlin, Charlea E., Sacramento,
Cal.
1918 McLaughlin. George A., New York. N. T.
1921 McLaughlin, John A., Muakegon. Mich.
1921 McUuglilin, W. M., Dea Moines, Iowa.
1914 McLean, A. W., Lumberton, N. a
1919 McLean, Dickson, Lumberton, N. C
1914 McLean. George P., Simaboiy. Coaa.
1912 Md^ean, Hugh, Denver, Colo.
1918 McLean, J. H.. Llano, Texas.
1914 McLellan. Hugh D., Boston. Maaa.
1919 Mcl^eod. Arthur A.. Madison, Wla.
1922 McMahon, E. F., Des Moinea, Iowa.
1911 McMahon, Fulton, New York, N. Y.
1809 McMshon. J. Sprigg, Dayton, Ohio.
1921 McMahon, Jamea P., Faribault, Mian.
1914 McMahon, John A., Dayton, Ohio.
1911 McMahon, John D., Rome. N. Y.
1918 McMahon, Johnson D., Rome, N. Y.
1981 McMahon, Joseph M., Pittafleld, Maai.
1922 McMahon, Omar T., Milwaukee. Wia. '
1916 McMahon. Stephen J.. Milwaukee, Wia.
1921 McMamis, E. W., Keokuk, Iowa.
1918 McMaaus, M. T.. Philadelphia. Pa.
1911 McManus, Terence J., New York, N. T.
1914 McMaster. John 8., Jersey City, N. J.
1921 McMsth, James C, Chicago, 111.
1921 McMichael. Charles B.. Philadelphia.
Penn.
1922 McMicken, Maurice R., Seattle. Waah.
1906 McMicken, Maurice. Seattle. Waah.
1918 McMillan. B. F.. Mobile, Ala.
1920 McMillan. Don^rald. Arkadelphla. Ark.
1021 McMillan, Ed. Leigh. Brewton, Ala.
1917 McMillan. Hoyt, Conway, S. C.
1920 McMillan, John H., Arkadelphia. Ark.
1912 McMillan, John W., Milwaukee. Wis.
1908 McMillan. Raymond J.. Tscoma, Wash.
1918 McMlllen, Alonao B., Albuqoerqoe. N. M.
1922 Mclfillen, Clark A., Decatur, IlL
1918 McMorrla. T'. H., Cleveland, Ohio.
1912 McMorrcagh, G. H., Lexington. Miasi
1916 McMuIlan, Jamea, PUladelphIa, Pa.
1918 McMullen, Alonao B., Tampa, Florida.
1921 McMullen, Hugh A, Jr.,
Md.
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF MBMBBBS.
815
1921 IfcMunfai, Bestir If., Denver, OoL
ins McMuIlin, 8. O.. Grand Junction, Colo.
1912 McMunly, Robert, Chiceffo, 111.
ms McMurrey, Orrin K., Berkeley, Cal.
19U McMiuTty. Will, Uramie, W70.
1917 IfcUynn, Robert N.. Milwaukee. Wig.
1921 McNab, Gavin, San Franciaco, CaL
1982 McNab, John L, San Franciaco, Oil.
1916 McNabb. Diuine T.. Chicago, 111.
1913 McNahoe, Jamea F., New York. N. T.
1922 MoNAlly, Oarlton F., St. Paul, Minn.
1922 McKally, Matthew B., Pittaburgh, Sana.
1912 McNamara. D. W., Montello. Wit.
1922 McKanura, J. M., Elko, Nev.
1922 McKamara, Stuart, New York, N. Y.
1921 McNamara, William 8., Chicago, 111.
1922 McNamee, F. R., Laa Vegaa. Ner.
1922 McKamee, Leo A., Laa Vegaa, Ner.
1980 McNamee, Tom C, Pierre, S. D.
1915 McNary, Charlet L., Washington, D. a
1908 McNary. John H., Salem, Oregon.
1916 MrNatt. Carr, Aurora. Mo.
1921 McNaughton, Coll. Joliet, HI.
1919 McNaughton. Ray, Miami, Okla.
1921 McNeal, John H., Cleveland. Ohio.
1921. McNeer, & &, Huntington, W. Va.
1921 McNeca, Sterling O., Apollo, Penn.
1920 McNeff. Jamea H.. Gary, Ind.
1919 McNeill, J. P., Florence. 8. C.
1921 McNemar, W. V., Logan, W. Va.
1915 McNemer. Philip, Little Rock, Ark.
1921 McNiff, Milea F.. Waterbury, Oonn.
1922 McNitt. RoUin L., Loa Angelea, CaL
1922 McNoble, George F., Stockton, Cal.
1916 McNulty, Frank, Aberdeen. S. D.
1922 McNulty, Frederick W., San Francisco,
Cal.
1806 MrNuIty. William D., New York. N. Y.
1922 McNutt, Maxwell, San Frandaco, Oal.
1920 McNatt, Paul V., Bloomington, Ind.
1921 McOrmond, Arthur R., Anaoaia, Qonn.
1921 McPheeley, J. L., Mioden. Mcb.
1922 McPhenen, Charlea B., Dunht, OkU.
1922 McPherria, Paul H., Loa Angelea, Oal.
1921 McPheraon, Charlea, Grand Rapida, Mich.
1914 McPheraon, Donald P.. Qettyabiirg, Pa.
1911 McPheraon, WUliam L., Idabell, Okla.
1917 McPhillipa. Jamea. Glena Falla, N. Y.
1922 McPike, H. H., San Franciaco, Oal.
1914 McQuilUn, Eugene. St. Louis. Mo.
1921 McRae, Duncan L., ^reacott, Ark.
1921 McRae, John A., Charlotte, N. C.
1911 McRm, Thomas C, Little Rock, Ark.
1919 McRee, J. L., Memphis, Tenn.
1920 McR^ynolda, Allen, Carthage, Mo.
1918 McR^ynoIds. Frederick W., Washington,
D. C.
BLIBOTBD
1906 McR«ynoIda. Jamea C. (Nashville,
Tenn.), Wsafaington, D. C.
1920 McRoberta, R. H., St Louis, Mo.
1916 McRoberta. W. G.. Peoria, 111.
1919 McShane, James C, Chicago, ni.
1921 Mcfihane, Jamea E., Chicago, III.
1919 McSoley, William H., Providence, R. L
1919 McBpadden. G. J., Memphia, Tena.
1906 McSurely, WUliam H.. Chicago, lU.
1921 McBween, W. D., Newport, Tenn.
1920 McTaggart, David L., Hint. Mich.
inO McTeer, Will A., Maryville, Tenn.
1916 McTigue. John G.. New York. N. Y.
1920 McTuman, Clair. Indianapolia. Ind.
1922 McWhinney, 0. C, Long Beach, Oai:
1916 McWhinney, Leroy, Denver, Colo.
1917 McWhorter, J. C, Buckhannon. W. Ta.
1922 McWIIliama, H. L., Spokane, Wash.
19IJ7 McWilliams, Howard, New York. N. Y.
1922 Mc Will lama, Robert L.. San Franciaco,
Oal.
1911 Maaaa, Herbert H., New York. N. Y.
1912 Mabie, Clarence, Hackenaack. N. J.
1921 Mabi7, J. 0., Albia, Iowa.
1921 Macartney, Grant S., St. Paul, Minn.
1914 Macauley. C. J.. St. Louis. Mo.
1906 MacCheaney, Nathan William, Chicago,
ni.
1917 MacCracken, William P.. Jr., Chicago,
III
1922 MacCrate, John, Brooklyn, N. Y.
1913 MacDade. Albert D., Chester. Pa.
1922 MacDonald, A. C, Seattle, Wa«h.
1919 MacDonald, Alexander, Loa Angelea, Cal.
1921 MacDonald, Henry, New York, N. T.
1918 MacDonald. J. Wiseman. Loa Angeles.
Cal.
1922 MacDonald, John K., Jr., Paducah. Ky.
1914 MacDonald. Robert, Cumberland. Md.
1916 MacDougald. Daniel. Atlanta. Oa.
1921 MacFarland, John C, Loa Angelea, Oal.
1914 MacFarland, Leo, Philadelphia. Pa.
1918 MacGregor, John, Jr., Cleveland, Ohio.
1922 Machado, John H., Redwood City, Cal.
1912 Macben. Arthur W., Jr.. Baltimore. Md
1913 MacRenry. Charles A., New York. N. Y.
1920 Maclnnta, William J., Gloucester. Maas.
1914 MacInt>Te. Wm. Irvin. Thomaaville, Ga
1014 Mack. Alfred, Cincinnati, Ohio.
1912 Mack. Edwin S.. Milwaukee. Wia.
1920 Mack, Ira J.. Newport, Ark.
1921 Mack, John B., Poughkeepaie, N. T.
1896 Mack, Julian W., New York. N. Y.
1921 Mack, Louie W., Chicago, HI.
1906 Mack. William, Brooklyn. N. Y
1916 Mackall, Henry C, Minneapolia, Minn.
1806 Mackall, William W., Savannah, Ga.
1918 Maany, Gaorge C, 8L Louia, Mo.
816
AKESICAN BAB ASSOCUTIOK.
BLMJTID
1990 llftcKaj, Henry 8qutrebrics8» Jr., Lot
Angeles, Cal.
ion. Hackentepe, Frederick E., Oincinnati,
Ohio.
1921 MacKemde, 0. H., Qaylord, Minn.
1911 Mackenzie. Kenneth K., New York. N. T.
1919 Mackenzie. Ralph P.. Lima. Ohio.
1917 MacKenzie, Stuart. Montgomerj, Ala.
1907 .Mackenzie, Thomaa. Baltimore, Md.
1906 Mackoj. Harry Brent (Covington. Kj,),
Cincinnati, Ohio.
1884 Mackoy, wmUm H. (CoTington, Ky.).
Cincinnati. Ohio.
1909 MacUne, John F.. Salt Uke City. Utah.
19S2 Maclean, Ralph, Oedar Rapida, Iowa.
1912 MacLeiah. John £., Chicago, III.
191S MacLeod, Arthur Wm.. Washburn, Wis.
1919 MacLeod, William, Newport, R. I.
1918 MacMahon. Cecil H., Newark, N. J.
1922 MacMahon, Thomas F., New York, N. T.
1919 MacMaster, Edward A., Bridgewater,
1916 MacMillan. Herbert R., Salt Uke City.
Utah.
1919 Mac Neil. Sayre. Los Angeles. Cal.
1921 Macomber. Charles S., Idagrove, Iowa.
1922 Macomber, Frank J., San Diego, CaL
1920 MacPeebles, J., Nashrille, Tenn.
1806 MacPherson, Ernest, Louisville, Ey.
1914 Macrum. W., Pittsburgh, Pa.
1912 MacVeagh, Charles, New York, N. T.
1919 MacVeagh, Rogers, Portland, Ore.
1921 Madden, Charles A., Eeene, N. H.
1921 Madden, Daniel L., Chicago. III.
1911 Madden, Joseph, Keene. N. H.
1022 Madden, Joseph Warren, Morgantown,
W. Va.
ion Madden, R. a, MendoU, HI.
1914 Madden, Terrence J., Kansas City. Mo.
1921 Msdden, WillUm F., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1907 Msddin, Percy D., Nashville. Tenn.
1021 Maddock, Thomas H., Chicsgo, 111.
1921 Msddox, P. W., Huntington. Tenn.
1921 Maddox, Tom 8., Washington O. H.,
Ohio.
1922 Maddux, Parker 8.. San Francisco, Cal.
1918 Madigan, Thomaa H., Jr., Manchester.
N. H.
1918 Madison, F. D., Ssn Frandsoo. CaL
1921 Madison, W. C, Purcell. Okla.
1911 Magavem. William J.. Buffalo. N. Y.
1912 Magaw, Charles A.. Omaha, Neb.
1922 Magee, Arley B., Dover, DeL
1921 Magee, E. DeLos, Ssn Frsncisco, Oal.
1912 Magee, Henry W.. Chicago, 111.
1915 Maginnis, Samuel Abbott. New York,
N. Y.
1922 if«g<«ni«, Thomas J., Ogden, Utah.
1919 Maguire, John O., Woburn, Mas.
1919 Maguire, John M., Boston, Mass.
1921 Maguire, Philip J., Chicago, IlL
1918 Mahan, Bryan F., New London, Coon.
1904 Mahan, George A., Hannibal, Mo.
1918 Mahan, Mary Agnes, Boston, Mass.
1922 Maher, D. F., Wataonville. Oal.
1912 Maher, Edgar A., Grand Rapids, Mich.
1921 Msher. Edward, Chicago, HI.
1914 Msher. John F., Greenville, Ohio.
1921 Maher. William J., BUir, Neb.
1920 Mahon, William J., New York, N. T.
1921 Maboney, Cornelius J., Lawrence, Mass.
1917 MahonQT, Henry, Milwaukee. Wis.
1918 Mahoney, Jeremiah P., Lawrence, Mass.
1910 Mahoney, Joseph P., Chicago, HL
1922 Mahoney, T. J., Boone. Iowa.
1911 Mahony, Ourles L., Chicago, IlL
1908 Main, John F., Olympia, Wash.
1921 Main. Vemer W., Battle (Yeek, Mich.
1921 Maiulle, Anthony, Detroit, Mich.
1912 Makepeace, Walter D.. Waterbury. Oonii.
1922 Malarkey, Dan J., Portland, Ore.
1919 Malato, Stephen A., Chicago. IIL
1916 Malcolm, George A., Manila, P. L
1915 Malcolm, George R., Pittsburg. Ksna.
1922 Malcolm, Norman E.. Palo Alto, QaL
1918 Malevin^, Moses L.. New York. N. T.
1918 Malay, B. F., Okmulgee, Okla.
1920 Malin, Frank Collins, Ashlsnd, Ky.
1921 Msllet-Prevost, Severe. New York, N. T^
1921 Msllqr, John F., Boston, Mass.
1914 Ma Hon, Guy W., Cindnnati. Ohlot
1921 Malloiy, George L.. Little Rock, Ark.
1916 Mallory, Hugh. Selma. Ala.
1921 Mallott, James R., Globe, Aris.
1910 Malone, Thomas B.. Nashville, Tiean.
1919 Maloncy, David J.. Boston, Maa.
1916 Msloney, John M., Boston, Mass.
1912 Maloney, William P.. New York, K.T.
1922 Maloy, 0. B., Spokane, Wash.
1912 Maloy, WillUm Mflnes, Bslttmoc*. Md.
1914 Msltbie. Willism H., Baltimore, Md.
1916 Maltble, William M., Oartfovd, Oobb.
1911 Manahan, James, St. Paul, Mian.
1914 Mandel, David, Jr., Philadelphia, Pia.
1922 Mandel, Edward, Fbrrest Hflls^ N. T.
1921 Manderson, Edward W., New Tnrk.
N. Y,
1911 Mandcville, H. a, Elmira, N. Y.
1917 Maness, Tola D., Concord. N. C.
1916 Mangum, Addison G.. Oastonia, N. O.
1921 Manheimer, Arthur E., Chicago, IlL
1922 Manice, William DeForest, New York,
N. Y.
1918 Msnier. Will R., Jr.. Nashville. Tenn.
1011 Manierre, George W.. Los Angeles, CkL
1022 Mankle, George. Chicago, 111.
ALPHABBTICAL LIST OF HSMBIB8.
817
IftM IU0I7. CleroeDt, Winiton-fitlem, N. 0.
1001 Hanly, George C.» DeoTer, Colo.
19S2 Manlj, Jarocfl A.» New Rockford, N. D.
1916 JUnij, Robert Emmet, Kagt, P. L
1912 Maui, Charlee D., Milwaukee, Wia.
190) Mami, Charles L., Detroit, Mich.
1916 Mann, Edgar P., -Springfield. Mo.
1915 Mann. Jamea, Norfolk, Va.
1922 Mann, Leiande, Loe Angeles, Oal.
1921 Mann, M. M., St. Matthews, 8. 0.
1921 Mani^ OllTer D., Danrille. 111.
1912 Mann, Richard H., Petersburg, Va.
1911 Mann. Richard M., Little Rock, Ark.
1922 Mann, 8. H., Forrest Oity, Ark.
1922 Mann, Sam H., Jr., Forrest City, Ark.
1921 Mann, Seth, San Francisco. Gal.
1919 Mann. Wm. Hodges, Jr., Petersburg, Va.
1917 Mann, WillUm Lee, Albemarle, N. a
1914 Manning, A. A., Spartanburg. S. C.
1918 Manning, A. T. W.. Manchester. Kj.
1922 Manning, H. B., Vallejo, CaL
1922 Manning, J. E., San Francisco, Oal.
1911 Manning, James 8., Raleigh, N. O.
1922 Mannon, Charles M., Ukiah, Oal.
1922 Mannon, J. M., Jr., San Francisco, OaL
1921 Manogue, Roy, Cincinnati, Ohio.
X922 Mansfield, Albert, Redwood City, Oil.
1911 Mansfield, Burton, New Haren, Conn.
1918 Mansileld. Charles F., Springfield, HI.
1914 Mansfield, Frederick W., Boston, Ma«.
1914 Mansfield, Henry, Peoria, HI.
1922 Mamfleld, Henry 8., New York. N. T.
1914 Mansfield, Howard, New York, N. T.
1918 Mansfield. Walter D.. San Francisco. Oal.
1921 MansoD, 0. F., White Rirer, S. D.
1913 Manson, N. C. Jr., Ljiichburg, Va.
1921 Manson, Philip L, San Franciaco, Oal.
1919 Manton, Martin T., New York. N. Y.
1912 Marble. Frederick P., Lowell, Mass.
1921 Marble, Harry S., Cincinnati. Ohio.
1918 Marble, Thomas L. Gorham, N. B.
1918 Marbury, Ogle, Baltimore, Md.
18M Marbury, William L., Bsltimore. Md.
1922 Marccau, Daniel V., Stockton, Cal.
1922 March, John C, Sacramento, Cal.
1916 March. Moncure, New York, N. Y.
1920 Marchand. Rafael V. Peres, Ponce. P. R.
1918 Marchant. Roland R., Baltimore, Md.
1914 Marckworth. John H., Cincinnati. Ohio.
1921 Marden, Charges S., Moorhead, Minn.
1911 Marden, Oscar A., Boston, Mass.
1922 MarelU, Henry, Paterson, N. J.
1919 Marfield, Dwifrht 8., Cincinnati. Ohio.
1917 Margeson. W.vlie C, New York. N. Y.
1921 Margolis, M. K., Dayton, Ohio.
1921 Margraye, Alrin 0., Springfield, III
1912 Marion, John Hardin, Chrster, & a
1918 Marion, Samuel, New York, N. Y.
1914 Markell, Charles, BaltioMre. Md.
1922 Markewich, Samuel, New York, N. Y.
1921 Markham, George W., St. Paul, Mino.
1920 Markham. Herbert L.. Manitowoc, Wia.
1913 Markham. James E., St. Paul, Minn.
1921 Markheim, Harry, Chicago, DL
1922 Markley, Edward A., Jersey City, N. J.
1922 Markley, J. E. E., Mason City, Iowa.
1916 Marks. B. E., Phoenix, Ariz.
1922 Marks, Bertram L., New York. N. Y.
1922 Marks, Maurice, New York, N. Y.
1922 Marks, Milton, San Francisco, Oal.
1914 Marka, Richard P.. JacksonTille. Fla.
1921 Marks, Robert W., Ladoga, Ind.
1916 Marks, Thomas R.. Kansas Clty» Mo.
1916 Marks, WiUiam Sherman. Tooele City*
Utah.
1920 Marlowe, Richard. Elmira. N. Y.
1916 Maroney, A. C St. L<Hiia, Mo.
1918 Marr. W. B.. Nashville, Tenn.
1922 Marrin, Paul S., San Francisco, OaL
1921 Marsh, Arthur M., Bridgeport, Conn.
1917 Msnh. Charles Capron, New York. N. Y.
1919 Ma*iih, James Ingrahsm, Pittsburgh, Pa.
1922 Marsh, John B., New York, N. Y.
1917 Marsh, John Ctath, Wilmington, DeL
1919 Marsh. Robert I., Indianapolis. Ind.
1921 Marsh, Robert McC., New York, N. Y.
1921 Marsh, Roy M., Galesburg, lU.
1912 Marsh. Samuel John, Waterbury, Conn.
1921 Marshall, Alexander H., Chicago, 111.
1919 Marshall, Andrew, Boston, Mass.
1921 Marshall, a ¥., Terre Haute, Ind.
1914 MsTBhaH. Burwell Keith. LouisiFlUe. Ky.
1919 Marshall, Carrington Tanner, Columbus,
Ohio.
1922 Marshall, Charles A., Tottenville, N. Y.
1918 Marshall. Ooud R., Washington, D. 0.
1914 Marshall, D. P. B., Sheridan. Wyo.
1922 Marshall, Edward, Chicago, 111.
1911 Marshall. Edwin J.. Toledo. Ohio.
1922 Marshall, Ererard B., New York, N. Y.
1918 Marshall, H. Snowdon, New York, N. Y.
1922 Marshall, Humphrey, Los Angeles, Oal.
1911 Marshall. James M., New York, N. T.
1914 Marshall, John A.. Salt Uke City, Utah.
1921 Marshall, John W.. Chicago, HL
1922 Marshall, John William, San Fraadaco,
OaL
1906 Marshall. TjoqIs, New York, N. Y.
1908 MarshalL R. E. Lee. Baltimore. Md.
1921 Marshall, Thomas, Chicago, HI.
1921 Marshall, Thomas L.. Chicago, HL
1921 Marshutz. J. H., Wilwaukee. Wia.
1912 Mano, Michael, Chicago, ill.
1906 Marston, Thomas B., Chicago, III.
1918 Martens, Olenn W., Pierre, 8. D.
1918 Martin, Amoa W., Chicago^ DL
818
AMERICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
t9l9
1921
1911
1912
1921
1918
1922
1911
1920
1921
1914
1922
1914
1922
1895
1916
1913
1914
1889
1912
1922
1914
1911
1913
1921
1921
1921
1918
1922
1917
1912
1921
1913
1914
1921
1917
1922
1915
1919
1922
1908
1914
1920
1911
1912
1921
1907
1922
1914
1914
1907
1897
1916
Martin
Caldwell, Denver, Colo.
ICartin, Charles, Chicago, HI.
Martin, Charlea J., New Haven, Conn.
Martin, Clarence E., Martinaburg,
W. Va.
Martin. Colfax T., Danrille. 111.
Martin, K. A., Gallup, N. M.
Martin, Edgar L., Laa Vegas, Nev.
Martin, Frank L., Hutchinson, Kansas.
Martin, F. Linton, Chattanooga, Tenn.
Martin, Frederic H., Waddington, N. T.
Martin, George B., Catlettaburg, Ky.
Martin, George Miner, Los Angeles, Cal.
Martin. George W.. Brooklyn, N. Y.
Martin, George W., Hobart, Okla.
Martin, Horace H., Chicago, 111.
Martin, Hugh E.. Kansas City, Mo.
Martin, J. C. Central City, Nebr.
Martin, J. H. Thayer, Newark, N. J.
Martin. J. Willis. Philadelphia, Pa.
Martin, James M., Minneap-^Hs, Minn.
Martin, John A., Pueblo, Colo.
Martin, John D., Memphis, Tenn.
Martin, Julius C, Asheville, N. O.
Martin, M. J., Scranton, Pa.
Martin, Melbourne M., Little Rock, Ark.
Martin, Mellen C, Chicago, 111.
Martin, UUn M., San Juan, Porto Rico.
Martin. Nathaniel E., Concord. N. H.
Martin, Nicholas J., San Diego, Cal.
Martin. P. A.. Wichita F^Ils. Texas.
Martin. P H.. Green Bay, Wis.
Martin, P. H., Jr., Fond du Lac. Wis.
Martin, Paris, Boise, Idaho.
Martin, Paul C, Sprlngflpld. Ohio.
Martin, Ralph G., Columbus, Ohio.
Martin, Ray, Columbus, Ohio.
Martin, Richard W., Pittsburgh, Pa.
Martin, Sanford B., New Haven, Conn.
Martin, T. K.. Hot Springs. Ark.
Martin, Theodore, Los Angeles, Cal.
Martin, Thomas W., Birmingham, Ala.
Martin, Ulysses S.. Dayton, Ohio.
Martin, Villard, Muskogee. Okla.
Martin, W. H., Hot Springs, Ark.
Martin, Wesley. Webster City. Iowa.
Martin, William H., Saginaw, Mich.
Martin. William J., New York, N. Y.
Martin, William K., Lancaster, Ohio.
Martin, William L., Birmingham. Ala.
Martin, William McC., St. Louis, Mo.
Martin, William Parmenter, New York,
N. Y.
Martindale, Charles, Indianapolis, Ind.
Martineau, John E., Little Rock, Ark.
Martineau, Lyman Rayil, Jr., Salt Lake
Citr, UUh.
SLBCTKD
1922 Martinelli, Jordan L., San Rafael, Oil.
1912 Marvel, David T., Wilmington, Del.
1912 Marvel, Josiah, Wilmington, DeL
1918 Marvin, Alfred, Matamoras, Pa.
1914 Marvin, L. P. Waldo, Hartford, Conn.
1914 Marvin. Langdon P., New York, N. Y.
1911 Marx, Benjamin L., Honolulu, HawaiL
1907 Marx, Frederick Z., Chicago. 111.
1914 Marx, Robert S., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1914 Marye, Robert V., Philadelphia. Pa.
1922 Maahbum, Arthur Gray, Reno, Nev.
1922 Mason, Bruce W., Long Beach, Cal.
1916 Maaon, Charles M.. Newark, N. J.
1921 Mason, Edward R., Des Moinca, Iowa.
1912 Mason, Eugene G., Washington. D. C
1918 Mason, George A., Chicago, IIL
1913 Mason, Grafton, St. Paul, Mian.
1921 Mason, Giiy, Washington, D. O.
1913 Mason, Henry F, Topeka, Kant.
1911 Mason. Herbert D., Tulaa, Okla.
1914 Mason, J. Augustine, Hageiatown, Md.
1911 Mason, John W., Northampton, Maa.
1916 Mason, L. Randolph, New Yoit. N. Y.
1922 Mason, Lowell B., Chicago, HL
1911 Mason. Norman T.. Los Angeles, Osl.
1914 Mason, O. F., Gastonla, N. 0
1915 Mason, Roswell B.. Chicago, HI.
1921 Mason, T. Lyde, Jr., Towson, Md.
1912 Mason, Vroman, Madison. Wis.
1916 Maaon, W. F., Aberdeen. S. D.
1912 Mason, Wm. Clarke. Phlladplphla. Pa.
1922 Maaon, William H., St Paul, Minn.
1922 Massari, Domingo M., San Juan, P. R.
1921 Massena, Roy, Chicago, HI.
1805 Massey, Louis C, Orlsndo. Fla
1914 Massie. David M., Chillicotbe. Ohio.
1908 Maasle, Eugene C, Richmond, Va.
1913 Maasie, Joseph A, Newport Newa. Vn.
1920 Maasingale. 8. C, Cordell, Okla.
1922 Maaslich, Chester B., New York, N. T.
1914 Maaten, Arthur Haynaworth, New York,
N. Y.
1920 Masters, Alfred G., Detroit, Mich.
1907 Mastick. Seabury C, New York, N. Y.
1919 Matchett, David F., Chicago, IIL
1914 Mather, James B., Watertown, B. D.
1914 Mather, Nation O., Akron, Ohio.
19n Mather, 0. M., Hodgenvillc, Ky.
1912 Mathers, H. T., Sidney, Ohio.
1911 Matheson, Alexander E., Jancavfllc, Wl*.
1919 Mathews, aifton. Globe, Arls.
1920 Mathews, Glenn D., Ionia, Mich.
1921 Mathews, James FoudM, Anniston, Ala.
1912 Mathews, Thomaa J., Bonndup, Montana.
1918 MathewB, Wm. Bordette, Gharleaton,
W. Va.
1909 Mathewaon, Albert McClellan, New
Raven, Com
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF UBICBBBS.
819
■UCTBD
1917 MathewBon, Douglas, Kew York, N. Y.
1921 MathewBon, Earl, Norwich, Oonn.
1921 Mathiesen, William. Chicago, HI.
1920 Matlock, Edgar L., Van Buren, Ark.
1921 Ifataon, Charles E., Lincoln, Neb.
1921 MatBon, Cliff A., Wichita, Kan.
1918 llatsOB, Roderick N.. Cheyenne, Wyo.
1911 Mitaon. WiHis A., Rochester, N. T.
1914 Mattem, Conrad J., Dayton. Ohio.
1911 Matteson, Arciiibald C. Providence,
R. I..
1911 Matteaon, Charles, Providence, R. T.
1921 Matthews, Ben A., New York, N. T.
1920 Mstthews, Benjamhi L., Memphis, Tenn.
1921 Matthews, Benoni C, Sioux Falls, S. D.
1921 Matthews, E. H., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1914 Matthews, Edwin P., Dayton, Ohio.
1919 Matthews, Francis E.. Chicago, III.
1922 Matthews, Francis P., Omaha, Neb.
1921 Matthews, Howard D., Parkersburg,
W. Va.
1921 Matthews, John W., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1915 Matthews, Joseph S., Concord, N. R.
1900 Matthews, Mortimer, Cincinnati. Ohio.
1921 Matthews, Stanley, Cincinnati, Ohio.
1922 Matthews, William, New York, N. Y.
1921 Matthews, William J., New York. N. Y.
1921 Matthews, William M.. Dayton, Ohio. '
1910 Matthews, William M., Kansas City. Mo.
1922 Matthiessen. Mark M., Portland. Ore.
1921 Mattuck, George F., New York. N. Y.
1921 Mauck. Roscoe J., Gallipolis. Ohio.
1919 Maupin, Robert W.. Oklahoma aty.
Okla.
1921 Maurer, Henry R., Detroit, Mich.
1914 Maurer, W. F., Cleveland. Ohio.
1920 Maurice, Melville P., Brattleboro, Vt.
1921 Mawbcy, John W., Worcester, Ma^s.
1919 Maxey, Oeorpre W.. Scranton, Pa.
, 1922 Maxey. Ray 6., Modesto. Cal.
1922 Maxim, Harry 1., Madera, Cal.
1921 Maxwell, Charles F., Des Moines, Iowa.
1910 Maxwell. Evelyn C, Pensacola, Fla.
1888 Maxwell. I^wrence, Cincinnati, Ohio.
1918 Maxwell. Nathaniel R.. Cincinnati, Ohio.
1918 Maxwell, W. B., Elkins, W. Va.
1918 Maxwell, William K„ New York, N. Y.
1921 Maxwell, William W.. Chicago. 111.
1918 May, Charles R., Beaver Falls. Pa.
1921 May. George S., Napoleon. Ohio.
1912 May. George Willtamfl, Jackson. Misa.
1896 May, Renry F., San Francijico, Cal.
1921 May, John V., Chicago, III.
1911 May. Marcus B.. Boston. Mass.
1921 May. Philip S., Jacksonville, Fla.
1022 May, Samuel C. Berkeley. Cal.
1919 Mayberry, Lowell A.. Boston. Maas.
19a Maydwell, Charles W., Baltimore, Md.
BUECTKD
1014 Mayer, Clinton O., Philadelphia, Pa.
1921 Mayer, Edwin B., Ohicago, 111.
1921 Mayer, Elias, Chicago, 111.
1918 Mayer, H^nry J.. New York, K. Y.
1919 Mayer, laaae H., Chicago, IIL
1922 Mayer, Joseph H., San Frandsoo, Cal.
1918 Mayer, Julius M., New York, N. Y.
1906 Mayer, Levy, Chicago, III.
1916 Mayer, Louis, St. Louis, Mo.
1921 ll^yer, Milton, New York, N. T.
1908 Mayfleld, J. E., Cleveland, Teaa.
1013 MayHeld, James J., Montgomery. Ala.
1916 Mayfleld, P. B., Cleveland, Tenn.
1916 Mayhew, D. 8., Monett, Mo.
19*20 Mayhugh, Joseph F., Pittsburgh, Pa.
1010 Ma>iiard. Fred A., Grand Rapids, Mich.
1919 Maynard, Robert W.. Boston, Mas.
1920 . Mayne, Walter R.. St. Louis. Mo.
1921 Mayo, Arthur E., Chicago, IIL
1921 Mayo, J. L., Sonenrille, Tcna.
1021 Mayo, S. T., Harriaburg, Ark.
1921 Mayo, W. M., Somerville, Tena.
1918 Mays, Richard. Conlcena, Tex.
1922 Mazuran, Marion J., San Prancisoo. Oal.
1921 Meacham, M. B., Portland, Oreg.
1916 Mead, Benjamin H., Stamford, Oonn.
1922 Mead, Clarence O., Lisbon, N. D.
1913 Mead, Olena C, Philadelphia. Pa.
1913 Meagher, Thomaa Jamea, Philadelphia,
Pa.
1921 Mears, F. R., Oatesville, Texaa.
1913 Mears. Otho F., Ksxtvllle. Va.
1918 Measey, William Maul. Haverford, Pa.
1906 Mecartney, Harry 8., Chicago. fU.
1921 Mecham, George N., Omaha, Neb.
1912 Mecham, John Barton, JoII'>t. 111.
1921 Mechem, Edwin, Alamagordo, N. Mes.
1895 Mechem, Floyd R., Chicago, HI.
1912 Mechem, George W.. Battle Creek, Mich.
1921 Mechem, John Leland. Battle Creek,
Midi.
1918 Mechem, Merritt C, Santa Fe, N. M.
1919 Mecum, William F., Douglas, Wyo.
1922 Medalie, George Z., New York, N. Y.
1920 Meder, Albert R., Detroit. Mich.
1914 Meek, Edward R., Dallas, Texaa.
1921 Meek, James M.. Ransaa City. Kan.
1922 Meek, James M.. Knoxville, Tenn.
1922 Meeker, Rollin W.. Blnghamton. N. Y.
1917 Meekins, Issac M., Klfarbeth City. N. O.
1917 Meeka. James A.. Dnnvllle. 111.
1921 Megsn. Charles P.. Chicago. 111.
1916 Mehaffey, James W., Little Rock, Ark.
1911 Mehaffy, T. M., Little Rock, Ark.
1911 Mehan, William A., IMIIaton Spa.. N. T.
1921 Mehard, Chul'chlll B., Pittsburg. Pena.
1912 Mehlhope, Clarence E., Chicago, HI.
1912 Meighen, John F. D., AR>en Lea, Miao.
820
AHXBIOAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
1921 Melfs, L. a, Takiina, Wash.
19S2 llelgB» WeUlnffton H., Omt FaUt,
Mont.
1918 Meigs, William M., Philadelphia. Pa.
1918 Meiael. Max E., OeTeland, Ohio.
1915 Meiater, M. G., Oklahoma Cit7. Okla.
1918 Melcfaer. Webster A., Philadelphia, Pa.
19S2 Melcfaert, 6. &, BloomAeld, Iowa.
1918 Meldon, Patrick M., Rutbod, Vt
1888 Meldrim, Peter W., Savamiah, Osn
1921 Mellchar, Jamea J., Obicaco, 111.
1907 Mellen, Cbaae. New York. N. T.
1922 Mellen, John, Orange, GaL
1928 Melliah, William a, Worcester, Mass.
1918 Mellora, Joseph, Phihidelphia. Pa.
1922 Mellott, Arthur J., Kanaa Oitjr, Kan.
1922 Mdniker, Aaron A., Bayoone, N. J.
1914 Melton, Adrian, Chickasha, Okla.
1916 Melton, Alger, Chickasha, Okla.
1914 Melton, W. D., Columbia, 8. O.
1918 Melville, Henry, Mew York, N. T.
1912 Melrille, Irring B., Denver. Colo.
1922 Melville, Max D., Denver, Colo.
19n Melvin, Ridgely P.. Annapolis, Md.
1922 Memhard, Allen R., New York, N. Y.
1918 Mendels, Solomon, Baltimore, Md.
1921 Meneley, Harry W., Chicago, IlL
1916 Meng, Thomas 8., St. Louia, Mo.
1918 Mengel. Ralph H., Reading, Pa.
1916 Menken, 8. Stanwood, New York, N. Y.
1917 Mentser, William C, Cheyenne. Wyo.
1921 Menziea, John W., Covington, Ky.
1981 Mercer, H. Fred, Pittsburgh, Pena.
1901 Mercer, Hugh Victor. Minneapolis, Minn.
1922 Mercer, W. W., Roundup, Mont.
1913 Merchant, Edward. Philadelphia. Pa.
1922 Merchant, Ernest H., New York. N. Y.
1902 Merchant, Henry D., New York, N. Y.
1887 Mercur, Rodney < A., Towanda, Pa.
1908 Meredith, Charlea V., Richmond, Va.
1914 Meredith, James A., Fairmont, W. Va.
1922 Meredith, James D., Sacramento, CaL
1920 Meredith. WiUis H., Poplar Bluff, Mo.
1912 Mergentheim, Morton A., Chicago, III.
1916 Meriwether, Hunter M., Kansas City, Mo.
1921 Merland. Heniy W., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1922 Mtfle-Smlth, Van 8., New York, N. Y.
1918 Merrell, Herman, St. Petersburg, Fla.
1980 Merriam, Edwin G., St. Louis. Mo.
1919 Merriam, John M., Boston, Maas.
1897 Merrick, Charlea D., Parkersburg,
W. Va.
1910 Merrick, DuiT, AahevOle, N. C.
1878 Merrick, Edwin T., New Orleana, La.
1887 Merriek, George .Peck, Chicago, IlL
1981 Meirick, Roy C, Chicago, 111.
1919 Merrick, Walter, Cleveland, Ohio.
lau MflRiken, Charios L., Baltimore. Md.
1916 Menitt, Geoife Fiya, Glouocstar,
1928 Merrill, John F. A., Portland, Me.
1900 MerriU, Joseph HaawU, Tlumiaafille, Gn.
1921 MerrUl, R. D., PocateUo, Ida.
1921 Meiriman, Buckingham Panona, Water-
bury, Conn.
1918 Merrimon, James G., AaheviUa, N. C
1914 Meiritt» Albert J., Bridgeport, Conn.
1922 Merritt, F. T., Seattle, Wash.
1921 Merritt, Jamea A., Des Moines, Iowa.
1921 Menereau, George J., Kansas Oity, Mo.
1920 Merts, WUliam M., Detroit, Mich.
1896 Mervine, Nicholaa P., Altoona. Pa.
1914 Merwin, Heniy W., New Haven, Ooon.
1908 Meaerve, Edwin A., Los Angelas, Cat.
1988 Meaerve, Shirley E., Loa Angelea, Cal.
1914 Meaerve, W. A., Creighton, Nebr.
1920 Meaervey, Edwin C, Kanaaa City, Mo.
1918 Mcsirov, Harry 8., Philadelphia, Pa.
1922 Mesirow, Benjamin^., Chicago, HI.
1922 Meaaer, F^ank F., Iowa City, Iowa.
1981 Mesdck, Allen Q., Marion, Ind.
2904 Metcalf, Charlea W., Memphia, Tenn.
2918 Metcalf, Orlando P., New York, N. Y.
1910 Metcalf, William P., Memphia, Tenn.
1928 Metcalfe, Ernest George, New York,
N. Y.
1921 Metaker, Glen R., St Helena, Oref.
1918 Metaon, W. H., San Fnmdaoo, Oal.
1922 Metteer, O. F., Sacramento, Cal.
1921 Metxel, Hany V., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1912 Metsler, Curtia G., Boston, Msas.
1918 Meyer, Abraham, Chicago, HI.
1918 Meyer, Carl, Chicago, DL
1822 Meyer, Charlea H., New York, N. T.
1912 Meyer, Edward R., Zanesvllle, Ohio.
1915 Meyer, George H., Chicago, III
1921 Meyer, George Y., Pittsburgh, Penn.
1921 Meyer, John D., Pittdmrgh, Penn.
1913 Meyer, Lee 8., Baltimore, Md.
1928 Meyer, Oacar G., Pittabuigh, Pa.
1914 M^er, Samuel T., Lebanon, Pa.
1921 Meyer, Theodore V., Wateibuiy, Oosm.
1921 Meyer, W. W., New HaTen, Conn.
1911 Meyer, Walter B., New York, N. Y.
1914 Meyer, William J., Colmnbw, Ohio.
1916 Meyers. Peter J., Racine, Wla.
1902 Meyers, Sidney 8., New York, N. Y.
1921 Meyerstein, Joseph C, San FranciaoOk
Oal.
1928 Meyler, Charlea F., Detroit, Ifich.
1922 Michael, Harry E., San Frandace, OaL
1922 Micfaad, Jamea a, St Panl, Mini.
1921 Michael, Jerome, New York, N. Y.
1911 Michaels, William C, Kanaaa Ct^, Mo.
1922 Michal, Charlea J., Chicago, IlL
1915 Michel, Bmcat A., Minneapolla, Mtam.
1921 Michelet» Charlea Jules, Chicago, HI.
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF HBMBSB8.
821
1913 Michell. Arthur A.. New Tork» N. T.
mi ICicbelnuui, Joieph, Boston, MaM.
198S Ifichels, T. A., Waabiiigton, Iowa.
1919 Michelaon, Albert G., lUdison. Wis.
IMf Hichelflon, Albert, San Francisco, Cat.
19tt Hicbener, Earl a, Adrian. Mich.
1900 Michener, L. T., Waahinfton, D. C
1921 Micon, Samuel,- Chicago, 111.
1914 Micou, Benjamin, Washington, D. 0.
1915 Middaogfa, Henry 0., Duluth, Minn.
Middlebrook, Frederic J., Kew York,
N. Y.
Middlecoir, Walttf W., VisalU, Oal.
1919 Middleswart, C. C, MarietU, Ohio.
1919 Middletoo, Allen C, Philadelphia, Pa.
^4 Middleton, Charlca Q., Louitrille. Ky.
1914 Middleton, B. P., Urbana, Ohio.
1992 Midowici, Oasimir Eugene, Chicago, HI.
1919 Miehcr, V. C, Tulsa, Okla.
1914 Miehling, Edward, Baltimore, Md.
1922 MiiBln, Gordon, Seattle, Wash.
1900 Mikell, William B., PhiUdelphia, Pa.
1921 Mikesell, E. D., Fredonia, Kan.
1919 Milbank, Albert G., New York, N. Y.
1900 Mtlbum, Elmer R., Detroit, Mich.
1999 Milbum. John G., New York, N. Y.
1914 Milchrist, William, Sioux City, Iowa.
1910 Miles, Charles V., Peoria, HI.
1921 Milea, Hooper 8., Salisbury, Md.
1900 Miles, Joshua W., Princesa Anne, Md.
1911 Miles, Lovick P.. Memphis, Tenn.
1912 Miles, Vincent M., Fort Smith, Ark.
1911 Miles, WilUrd W., Barton, Vt.
1990 Miley, John a, Oklahoma aty, Okla.
1921 MillOrd, Charles R., Lafayette, Ind.
1921 Milford, Charlea R., Skaneateles, N. Y.
1021 Milford, Charles R., Jr., Syracuse, N. Y.
1921 Millan. Edgar O., Portsmouth, Ohio.
1900 Millan, William W., Waahinfrtcm. D. 0.
1921 Millar, Robert Wyneas, Chicago. 111.
1922 Millar, W. R., Los Angeles. Oal.
1921 Millard, WillUm James, Olyrapia, Waah.
1919 Miller, A. Jay, Bellefontaine, Ohio.
1914 Miller, A. L., Macon. Ga.
1921 Millar, Abraham L.. Terre-Haute. Ind.
1921 Milltf, Albert, Jefferson City. Mo.
1912 Miller, Albert Edward. Marquette. Midt
1917 MUler, Amos, Hillsboro, HI.
1916 MiUer, Amos C, Chicago, 111.
1920 MUler, Andrew, Bismarck, N. D.
1915 Miller, Arthur. Kansaa City, Mo.
1917 MUler, Arthur Hagen, Philadelphia, Pa.
1919 Miller, Austin, JackBonrille, Fla.
1921 MUler. B. M.. Covington, La.
1921 Miller, Benjamin H., UbertyriUe, IlL
1980 MUIcr, Benjamin K.. Milwaukee, Wis.
1921 MiUer Burkett, Chattanooga, Tenn.
1910 Miller, Charlea A., Bolirar, Tenn.
1922 Miller, Charles B.. Albia. Iowa.
1922 MiUer, Charles H., Chicago, ni.
1809 Miller, Charles W., IndianapoUs, Ind.
1921 Miller, Clarence. Irrine. Ky.
1922 MiUer, Clarence Mendes, Brattleboro^
Vt
1921 Mfller, David Hunter, New York, N. Y.
1913 Miller, E. Augustus, PhiUdelphia, Pa.
1987 Miller, E. Spencer, PhUadelphU, Pa.
1920 MiUer, E. T.. AmaHUo, Tex.
1914 MiUer, Edward T., St Louie. Mo.
1021 Miller, EUubeth L., Bolivar, Tenn.
1914 MUler, F. A.. Hartsville, S. C.
1922 MUler, Fhmk L., Banning, Oal.
1916 MUler, Frank T., Peoria, Ul.
1918 MiUer, FranUin, St. Louis, Mo.
1911 MUler, Fred, Colfax, Wash.
1917 MUler, Frederic W., Pittsburgh, Pa.
1914 MUler, Frederick C, Mount Clemens,
Mich.
1920 Miller, George, Jr., Muskogee, Okla.
1921 MlUer, George J., Chicago, m.
1893 Miller. George P., Milwaukee. Wia.
1910 MUler, George W., Chicago, Ul.
1021 Miller, H. B. M., San Francisco, Oil.
1021 Miller, H. J., Livingston. Mont
1921 MUler, Hany B., Chicago^ III.
1921 MiUer, Harry W., Portsmouth. Ohio.
1913 Miller, Henry G., Chicago. HI.
1920 MiUer, Henry R., Jr., Bichmond, Va.
1922 MiUer, Henry S., New York, N. Y.
1913 MUler, Hugh G., New York, N. Y.
1921 Miller, J. A., Cherokee, Iowa.
1921 MiUer, J. A., Waukecgan, lU.
1914 Miller, J. Albert, PhUadelphia, Pa.
1922 MUler, J. Arthur, Chicago, IlL
1922 Miller, J. Paul, San Francisco. Oal.
1913 MiUer, James H., Bellepoint. W. Va.
1910 Miller. James R., Pittsburgh, Pa.
1910 Miller, Jesse A., Des Moines, Iowa.
1914 MiUer, John A., Kearney, Nebr.
1909 Miller, John D., New Orleans, ta.
1914 Miller. John D., Susquehanna. Pa.
19t4 Miller, John Faber, Norristown, Pa.
1913 Miller, John H., San Franclsoo, Cal.
1919 MiUer. John Stocker, Jr., Chicago, HL
1922 MiUer, Kenton A., Los Angeles, CaL
1921 MiUer, L. D., Chattanooga, Tenn.
1921 Miller, Lee F., Johnson City, Tenn.
1921 Miller, Lem S., Cincinnati. Ohio.
1914 Miller, Louis H.. MUlvlUe. New Jersey.
1017 MiUer. Luther L., Chicago, 111.
1921 MiUer, Mark H., Indianapolis, Ind.
1913 MUler, Nathan L., Albany, N. Y.
1914 MUler, Nelson D., Steuben ville. Ohio.
1921 Miller, Oliver H., Des Moines, Iowa.
1921 MiUer, Oscar C, Chicago, UL
1921 MiUer, Paul L., Bridgeport, Conn.
822
AHEKICAK BAB ASSOCIATION.
1921 Miller, Philip L., New Tork, N. T.
1916 Miller, Philippus W., Philadelphia, Pa.
19S1 Miller, Richard O., Waabington, Peon.
1917 Miller, Robert N., Louisville. Ky.
1914 Miller, Samuel D., Indianapolis, Ind.
1914 Miller, Seaman, New York. N. Y.
1909 Miller. Sidney T., Detroit. Mich.
1921 Miller, Victor J., St. Louis, Mo.
1910 Miller, W. B.. Chattanooga, Tenn.
1921 Miller, W. L., XenU, Ohio.
1914 Miller, W. McD.. Steubenville, 0.
1919 Miller, Wallace, Macon, Oa.
1921 Miller, Wm. A., Amherst, Ohio.
1918 Miller, William Emory, Dts Moinea,
Iowa.
1921 Miller, William J., Boston, Mass.
1903 Miller, William N., Parkersburg, W. Va.
1919 Miller, William 8., Chicago. 111.
1895 Miller, William W., New York. N. Y.
1920 Milligan. James J., St. Louis. Mo.
1921 Milliken, Allen W., New Bedford, Masa.
1916 Milliken. Arthur N., Boston, Mass.
1916 Milliken, Frank A, New Bedford. Mass.
1906 Millikin, E. E., Los Angeles, Cal.
1922 Millikin, Eugene D., Denver, Colo.
1909 Milling. R. E., New Orleans. La.
1922 Millington, Seth., Jr., Colusa, Cal.
1909 Millis, Wade. Detroit. Mich.
1919 Millner, LeRoy. Chicago, III.
1914 Mills, Alfred Elmer, Morriatown, N. J.
1912 Mills. Allen G., Chicago, 111.
1921 Mills, Earl C. Des Moines, Iowa.
1922 Mills, Edward P., Shreveport, La.
1921 Mills, George E., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1914 Mills. M. A., Osecola, Nebr.
1915 Mills, Walter H.. Decatur, 111.
1922 Millsaps, Louis, New York, N. Y.
1921 Milmine. John. Chicago, 111.
1921 Milner, Charles, Martin, 8. D.
1909 Milner. Pumell M., New Orleans. U.
1920 Milotte, John A., Detroit, Mich.
1921 Milroy, R. B., Yakima, Wash.
1916 Milton, Charles C, Worcester. Mads.
1914 Milton. John, Jersey City, N. J.
1915 Milverton, Frederick W., San Francisco.
CaL
1921 Mima, W. 0., Newport, Tenn.
1916 Minahan, Eben R., Green Bay. Wis.
1912 Minahan. Edmund D., Rhinelander, Wis.
1914 Minarle, Harry Bowen. New York. N. Y.
1916 Minnis, James L., Long Beach, C'Slif.
1920 Minnis. Milton S., St Louis. Mo.
1906 Minor, Benjamin S.. Washington, D. C.
1921 Minor, Berkeley, Jr., Charleston, W. Vs.
1913 Minor, Farrell D., Beaumont, TexaiL
1910 Minor, H. Dent. Memphis, Tenn.
1917 Minor, John B., Richmond, Va.
1901 Minor, Raleigh C, University. Va.
1921 Minrath, Ferdinand R., New York,
N. Y.
1921 Minter, C. 8., Logan, W. Va.
1908 Minton. Francis L.. New York, N. T.
1916 Minton, R. E., Lufkin, Texaa.
1921 Mirick, George H.. Worcester, Maw.
1922 Mirkil, Hazleton, Jr., PbiladelpbU, Pa.
1913 Mirkil, L. Hazleton, Philadelphia, Piu
1922 Mirow, Wm. G., San Diego, CaL
1921 Miahkin, Charles, Chicago, IlL
1920 Mistersky, Eugene L.. Detroit. Mich.
1914 Mitchell, Alfred H., St. Clairsville, Obte.
1913 Mitchell, Charles. New Bedford, Mmb.
1919 Mitchell, E. B.. Clinton, lU.
1922 Mitchell, George R., Chicago, m.
1913 Mitchell. Harold C, New York. N. T.
1921 Mitchell, Henry B., New York, N. T.
1907 Mitchell, Henry L., Bangor, Maine.
1913 Mitchell, James McC.. BulTato, M. T.
1919 Mitchell. John J., Beaton. Maas.
1921 Mitchell, Joseph D., Pawhuska, OkU.
1911 Mitchell. Joseph V., New York, N. T.
1921 Mitchell, Julian, Charleston, 8. O.
1921 Mitchell, Lex N., Punxsutawaey, Pcna.
1921 Mitchell, Morris B., Minneapolis, Minn.
1914 Mitchell, Orestes, St. Joaeph, Mo.
1906 Mitchell. Oscar, Duluth, Minn.
1911 Mitchell, Robert Chamberlain, New
York. N. Y.
1916 Mitchell. Samuel A, St. Louia, Mo.
1914 Mitchell, W. E.. Council Bluffs, lows.
1922 Mitchell, W. Egbert, Los Angelea. O^L
1906 Mitchell, William D.. St. Psul. Minn.
1917 Mitchell. William H., Florence. AU.
1919 MittelsUedt. GusUv, Kenosha. Wis.
1913 Mitton. Arthur Q., Boston, Masau
19C9 Moate, Francis P.. Parkersburg. W. Va.
1920 Mock, Edward A., Milwaukee, Wia.
1906 Mocquot, Janes D., Paducab, 1^.
1922 Moerdyke, N. P., Los Angeles, OaL
1922 Moera, Robert, New York, N. Y.
1918 Moffat, David W., Murray Cft7. Utah.
1922 Moffat, Walter, New York, K. Y.
1918 MoffeCt, T. J., Oereland, Ohio.
1894 Mofllt. John T.. Tipton, Iowa.
1922 Mogan, Richard P., San Francisco. Ofel.
1920 Mohn, Elmer John. Detroit, Mloh.
1920 Mohr. FYank A., St Louia, Mo.
1922 Mohr, Herman, Albuquerque, N. M.
1922 Mohr, John H., Sioux City, Iowa.
1906 Mohun, Barry. Washington, D. O.
1918 MoTse. Albert L., Philadelphia. Pa.
1921 Moist, Ronald F., Clarksburg. W. Va.
1919 Molina, Henr>' George. San Juan, P. R.
1922 Molkenbuhr, 8. W., San Francisco, Cal.
1921 Moll, Theophilus J., IndianapoHa. Ind.
1921 Molloj, Thomaa D., Yuma, Aiis.
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF 1CEMBER3.
823
19n M0U07, ThomM J., Hartford, Oonn.
19S1 Moloney, George H., Chicago, 111.
lOU Molonej, Robert G.. St. Louis, Ho.
1920 Molony, Alvin P., TuIm, Okla.
1916 Molthrop, Charles P., Chicago, 111.
1911 Moljrneox, A. R., Cherokee, Iowa.
1921 Mooaghan, James P., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1918 Monaghan, John, Philadelphia. Pa.
1989 Monk, Dudley Conner, Okmulgee, Okla.
1921 Monk, Wesley E., Boston, Mass.
1918 Monnette, Om E., Los Angeles, Cal.
1889 Monroe, Charlef, Los Angeles, Cal.
1914 Monroe, Frank A., New Orleans, La.
1915 Monroe, Henry B., 8an Francisco, CaL
1909 Monroe, J. Blanc, New Orleans, La.
191S Monroe. Robert Grier, New York. N. T.
1922 Monserrat, Daroian, San Juan, P. R.
1989 Monson, Claude Raymond, Steamboat
Springs, Colo.
191S MonUgue. Gilbert H.. New York. N. Y.
1915 Montague, Henry B., Southbridge, Mass.
1919 MonU(,iie, Hill, Richmond. Va.
1908 Montague, Richard W., Portland. Ore.
1921 Monteagle, Paige, San Francisco, Cal.
1918 Monteith, Colin S., Columbia, S. C.
1918 Monten, William A.. Spokane, Wash.
1897 Montgomery, Carroll S., Omaha. Nebr.
1982 Montgomery, Charles C, Los Angeles,
Cal.
I9n Montgomery, Chester R., South Bend,
Ind.
1921 Montgomery, Frank, Knoxville, Tenn.
1921 Montgomery, Hugh, Portland, Oreg.
1908 Montgomery, John R., Chicago, III.
1916 Montgomery, Leonard J.. Keokuk, Iowa.
1896 Montgomery, Oscar H., Seymour. Ind.
im Montgomery, Phelps, New Haven. Coon.
19n Montgomery, R. L., Lewisville, Ark.
1912 Montgomery, Richard B., New Orleans,
La.
1918 Montgomery, Robert H., Hevr York,
N. Y.
1919 Montgomery, Robert H., Boston, Mass.
1914 Montgomery, Theodore L., Kahoka. Slo.
1914 Moiitgomery, W. W., Jr., Philadelphia,
1918 Montgomery, Wm. Morgan, Philadelphia,
Pa.
1914 Montgomery. William P.. Washington,
D. a
1922 Montrose, George A., Garden ville, Nev.
1('20 Montalieimer, O. H.. Primghar. Iowa.
1921 Moncanl, John T., Waterbury, Conn.
1908 Moody, Cary C, India nola. Miss.
1921 Moody, James WUliam, Oak Park, III.
1912 Moody, Paul B.. Detroit. Mich.
1921 Moon, Banubas C, Kokomo, Ind.
190) Moon, Charles A., Muskogee, Okla.
1917 Moon, E. T., La Orange. Oa.
1911 Moonan, John, Waseca, Mina.
1911 Moone>, Edmund L, New York, N. Y.
1909 Mooney, Ueniy, New Orleans. La, \
1922 Mooney, Homer, Carson City, Ner.
1918 Mooney, M. P., CleveUnd, Ohio.
1918 Moore, Alfred, Philadelphia, Pa.
1922 Moore, C. B., Franklin, Ky.
1914 Moore. Charles L.. Oklahoma City, Okla.
1918 Moore, Charles Sumner, Atlantic City,
N. J.
1922 Moore, Courtney L., San Francisco, OaL
1928 Moore, E. B., Winnsboro, La.
1919 Moore, E. H., Okmulgee, Okla.
1921 Moore, B. H., Youngstown, Ohio.
1921 Moore, Edwin N., New York, N. Y.
1913 Moore, Everett F.. Moundsville, W. Va.
1918 Moore. Frank, Lexington, Va.
1914 Moore, Frank H.. Kansas aty. Mo.
1922 Moore, Frederick G., Birmingham, Ala.
1912 Moore. Frederick W., Chicago, Ul.
1914 Moore, George H., St. I^uis, Mo.
1920 Moore. Grey, Tulsa. Okla.
1S21 Moore, Harry F., Washington, Penn.
1982 Moore, Hany Thornton, Washington,
D. C.
1916 Moore, Henry, Jr., Texarkana, Ark.
1916 Moore, Henry L, Salt Uke City. Utah.
1914 Moore. Hunt C, Kanaaa City. Mo.
1909 Moore, I. D., New Orleans, La.
1921 Moore, J. B., Ardmore, Okla.
1917 Moore. J. Washington. Nashville. Tenn.
1889 Moore. John Bassett, New York. N. Y.
1921 Moore, John Francis, New York, N. Y.
1918 Moore, John I.. Helena, Ark.
1902 Moore. John M., Little Rock, Ark.
1896 Moore, Joseph B., Lsnsing, Mich.
1918 Moore, Joseph L., Fort Plsin. N. Y.
1912 Moore. Langdon, Chicago, HI.
1918 Moore, Larry I., Newbem. N. C.
1901 Moore, McCabe, Kansas City. Mo.
1922 Moore, Milton B., Reno, Nev.
1922 Moore, Minor, Los Angeles, Cal.
1921 Moore, Nathan G., Chicago, 111.
1921 Moore, Patrick Joseph, Zamboanga* P. L
1922 Moore, R. A., Riverside, Cal. .
1918 Moore. R. Walton. Fairfax, Va.
1922 Moore, Raymond H., Stillwater, Okla.
1919 Moore. Robert J.. Memphis. Tpnn.
1922 Moore, Robert J., Niagara Falls, N. Y.
1911 Moore, Samuel E. N., Knoxville, Tenn.
1916 Moore, Samuel W., New York, N. Y.
1913 Moore, Stanley, San Francisco, Cal.
1920 Moore, Thomas B., Detroit, Mich.
1922 Moore, Virgin Yandell, MadisonviUe,
Ky.
1921 Moore, W. B., Lisbon, Ohio.
1921 Moore, W. Chester, Dillon, 8. 0.
824
AMEBICAK BAB A8S0CIATI0K.
■LBOTED
1921 Ifoore, W. L., Enid, Okla.
1900 Moore, William F., Quthrie Center,
Iowa.
Itel lloorer, Henry D., Bay Minette, Ala.
1919 Moorer, J. M., Walterboro, 8. C.
1896 Ifoores, Charles W., Indlanapolia, Ind.
1898 Moores, Merrill, Indianapolis, Ind.
1910 Moorhead, Forest O., Beaver, Pa.
1913 Moorhead, Frank L., Boulder, Colo.
1911 Moorhead, Harley Q., Omaha, Kebr.
1919 Moorhead, WUlUm S., Pittaburgb. Pa.
1919 Moorman, Charles H., Louisville, Ky.
1919 Moorman, Robert, Columbia, 8. C.
1921 Moos, Louis H., New York, N. T.
1888 Moot, Adelbert, BuiTalo, N. Y.
1911 Morales, Luis Munos, San Juan. P. R.
1922 Moran, Alice H., New York, N. Y.
1921 Moran, D. D., Mnllens, W. Va.
1922 Moran, Edward F., San Francisco, Oil.
1921 Moran, James J., Portland, Ind.
1917 Moran, James T., New Haven, Conn.
1921 Moran, Nathan, San Francisco, Cal.
1917 Moran, Samuel F., New York, N. Y.
1922 Moran, Samuel J., Chicago, 111.
1918 Moran, Thomas F., Reno, Nev.
1918 Moraweta. Victor, New York. N. Y.
1921 Mordannt, Roy J., St Paul, Minn.
1909 More, Clair E., Chicago. 111.
1921 More, Walter T., Torrington, Wyo.
1922 Morehouse, H. V., Reno, Nev.
1918 Morehouse, Samuel C, New Haven,
Conn.
1922 MoreUnd, Sherman, Washington, D. C.
1916 Morey, Joiwph H., Buffalo, N. V
1916 Morfit, Mason P., Baltimore, Md.
1921 Morgan, Albert T., Pittsburgh, . Fenn.
1918 Morgan, C. E.. 2M. Phfladplphla, Pa.
1921 Morgan, Cecil, Shreveport, La.
1918 Morgan, Daniel Edgar, Cleveland, Ohio.
1919 Morgan, E. F., Charleston, W. Va.
1919 Morgan, Edmund Morris, New Haven,
Conn.
1920 Morgan, Cleorge W., St. Paul, Minn.
1907 Morgan, George Wilson, New York, N. Y.
1921 Morgan, Gilbert, Cleveland, Ohio.
1911 Morgan, Henry A., Albert Lea, Minn.
1920 Morgan, Ira F.. Detroit, Mich.
1918 Morgan, Joseph H., Prescott. Aria.
1922 Morgan, Nicholas Q., Salt Lake City,
Utah.
1889 Morgan, Randal. Philadelphia. Pa.
1918 Morgan, Robert M., Cleveland, Ohio.
1911 Morgan, William A., Providence. R. I.
1916 Morgan, William G., St. Louis. Mo.
1921 Morgan, William J., Madison, Wis.
1914 Morgan, William Osgood, New York,
N. Y.
1922 Morgrage, Wllbert, Lot Angeles, Oil.
MLMonn
1916 Morl^, Frank J., MinneapolSs, Minn.
19U Morley, J. B., Cleveland, Ohio.
1916 Morling, Edgar A., Emmetrimig, Iowa.
1014 Morning, Charles A., Steamboftt Spriass,
Colo.
1920 Morning, W. M., Lincoln, Neb.
1906 Morphy, B. Howard, St Paul, Minn.
1919 Morrill, Chas. Sumner, Ilyannis, MaMi
1914 Morrill, Chester (Knozrille, Tenn.),
Washington, D. C.
1908 Morrill, Donald L., Chicago, HI.
1907 Morrill, John A., Auburn, Maine.
1920 Morrill, Lowry L., Washington, D. O.
1921 Morrill, Nahum, Chicago, m.
1916 Morris, Alvin A., Pittsburgh, Pa.
1918 Morris, Arthur J., New York, N. Y.
1922 Morris, Charles B., San Francisco, Cal.
1912 Morris, Charles J., Sioux Falls, 8. D.
1912 Morris, Charles M., Milwaukee, Wis.
1918 Morris, Dave H., New Yorii. N. Y.
1921 Morris, Douglas, Ruahville, Ind.
1918 Morris, Effingham B., Philadelphia, Pa.
1913 Morris, Ernest Denver. Colo.
1921 Morris, Froome, Cincinnati, Ohio.
1918 Morris, George F., Lancaster, N. H.
1920 Morris, George Maurice, Washington.
D. C.
1911 Morris, Heman W., Rochester, N. Y.
1912 Morris, Henry C, Chicago, lU.
1922 Morris, Hugh M., Wilmington, Dd.
19S8 Morris, J. H., San Frandsoo, OaL
1919 Morris, James W., Jr.. Tampa, FU.
1807 Morris, John, Fort Wayne, Ind.
1916 Morris, John T., Carrollton, Mo.
1918 Morris, Leon B., San Fraadseo, Od.
1914 Morris, Ned B., Houston, Texas.
1916 Morris, Parker D., Boston, Massu
1907 Morris, Robert C, New York. N. T.
1906 Morris, Roland S. (Tokyo, Japan). Phila-
delphia, Pa.
1921 Morris, Samuel EL, Globe, Arix.
1913 Morris, Samuel L., Jr., Fort Wayne, lad.
1914 Morris, Qylvanus, Athena, Ga.
1913 Morris. Tosca, Fairmont W. va.
1914 Morris, W. Norman, Philadelphia. Pa.
1928 Morris, Walter E., Pnnxsutawney, Pa.
1921 Morris, William J., Jr., Long Island
City, N. Y.
1922 Morrison, Barnard, Boston, Mass.
1916 Morrison, Charles B., Chicago. III.
1912 Morrison, Ednnund D., Washington, Iowa.
1918 Morrison, Edwin R., Kansas City, Mo.
1918 Morrison, Prank A., Ridgefleld Park,
N. J.
1922 Morrison, Fred W., Los Angeles, OaL
1988 Morrison, Henry L, Boston, Mass.
1918 Morriaon, Isidore D., New York, K. T.
1928 Morriaon, J. H., New Boada, La.
ALPHABSTICAL USX OF MBMBBBS.
825
Ifltt MOTTiBon, Lonia J., New York, N. Y.
UQO MorriwD, Bobert B., PrcMott, Arls.
Utt MoRiMn, Bobert 0., MinneepoUi, Mian,
ins MorriMD, WUllem J., Jr., Ridfdleld
Park, N. J.
IMt Korriaon, WilUam L., San Dieso, Oal.
1915 llorriaoD, WUUam 8., Beever, Pa.
19S2 Morriaon, Willie L, Loa Angelea, OaL
19S2 MorriaKtt, a H., Bidnnond, Va.
IffU MorriaMgr, Andrew M., Lincoln, Nebr.
1920 Morrow, Charlea B., 8t Louia, Mo.
1919 Morrow, diarlea J., Tiampa, Fla.
1919 Morrow, Cheater F., Baltimore, lid.
1907 MoRow, Dwigtat W., New York. N. Y.
1981 Morrow, H. T., Loa Angelea^ Oal.
1914 Monow, Hugh, Birmingham, Ala.
1916 MofTOw, 8. John, Cnioatown, Pa.
1921 Morrow, Thomea H., Oindmatl, Ohio.
1914 Monow, William, Seottabluff, Nebr.
1914 MoiTow, WiUiam W., Ban Franciaco,
OaL
1907 Morachauaer, Joa., Poughkeepaie, N. Y.
1912 Moiae, Charlea F., Chicago, DL
1921 Moraa, Edward P., Chicago, lU.
1922 Moiae, Irl, St. Paul, Minn.
1922 Morae, Bichard D., New York. N. Y.
1894 Moraa, Waldo Q., New York, N. Y.
1911 Moraa. William A., Boaton, Maak
1916 Morae, William J., Kanaaa Citjr, Mo.
1915 Movaell, Arthur L., Milwaukee, Wia.
1917 Monaj, Chaae, St Louia, Mo.
19lf Marta7» dyde. Miami, OUa.
1911 Moraman, Bdgar M., Jr., Omaha, Nebr.
12C1 Morthland, D. ¥., Yakima, Waah.
1909 Morton, Elbert C, Columbua, Ohio,
im Morton, Qeorge, Appaladiia, Ya.
ini Morton, George B., Mihraukee, Wia.
19U Morton. Jamca M., Jr., Fall Biver, Mam.
1919 Morton, Jamea M., Sr., Fall River, Maaa.
1904 Morton, Matcoa, Boaton, Maaa.
1911 Morton, Meyer, Chicago, III.
1921 Morton, P. Kemp., Charleatoa, W. Ya.
1922 Moabj, Robert Q., Roanoke, Ya.
1922 Moeer, K B., BeatUe, Waah.
1922 Moeer, Qua C, Portland, Ore.
191S Moaea, Albert L., Alamoaa, Colo.
1921 Mooca. Alfred S., New York, N. Y.
1921 Mooaa, Heniy L., New York, N. Y.
1911 Meeee. Jacob M.. Baltimore. Md.
1922 Moaea, Jamea 0., New York. N. Y.
1912 MoeMohn. David N.. New York. N. Y.
19U MoAer. Lewia E., Elmira, N. Y.
1906 Moder, John H., Muakogee, Okla.
1921 Moaa, B. H., Orangeburg, S. C.
1918 Moaa, Edgar B., Lfttle Rock, Ark.
1918 Moaa, Leon F., Loa Angelea, Oal.
1921 Moaa, Sidney A., Wichita, Kan.
Un. Moaa, Walter B., Ohioago, lU.
19U Moaa, William B., Chicago, 111.
1912 Moaaer. Edwin J., Chicago, HI.
1922 Moaaholder, W. J., San Diego, Oal.
1981 Mote, G. A., Marahalltown, Iowa.
1921 Mothenead, Jamea O., Seottabluff, Neb.
1922 Motley, J- Lothrop» Boaton, Maaa.
1918 Motley, Warren, Boaton, Maaa.
1922 Mott, Bmeat J., San Franciaco, OaL
1918 Mott, John G., Loa Angelea, CaL
1912 Mott, Mayhew. Neenab. Wia.
1922 Motter, Benjamin S., Lima, Ohio.
1922 Mott-Smith, E. D.. Honolulu, Hawaii
1921 Mots, O. B., Akron, Ohio.
1911 Mouat. Maicolir 0., Janearille, Wia.
1981 Mouliner, Edward P., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1922 Moulthrop, J. B., San Franciaco, Oal.
1916 Moulton. * thur I., Portland. Ore.
1922 Moulton, Auguatua F., Pprtland, Me.
1917 Moulton, E. Butler, Providence. R. L
1916 Moulton, Frank I., Chicago, IlL
1914 Moulton, Frank W., Portamouth. Ohio.
1921 Moulton, M. M., Kennewick, Waah.
1914 Moulton. Sherman R., Burlington, Vt
1928 Moultrie, Uoyd W., Loa Angelea, OaL
1921 Mouaer, Grant E., Marion, Ohio.
1914 Mouton, Orther C, Lafayette. La.
1911 Mowatt, Frederick W., Boaton, Mamu
1918 Mower, Edmund C, Burlington, Yt.
1918 Mbwery, George A., Loa Angelea, OaL
1918 Mowits, Amo P., Philadelphia, Pa.
1919 Mowry, Eliaha C, Providence, R. L
1918 Moyer, J. W., Pottaville, Pa.
1919 Moyera. Ida M., Washington. D. O.
1922 Moynihan, Charlea J., Montroae, Oolo.
1920 Moynihan, Joaeph A., Detroit, Mich.
1922 Moyae, Herman, Baton Rouge, La.
1922 Mocart, Justua F., Chicago, HL
1919 Moaaor, Clara Ruth, New York, N. Y.
1918 Mueller, Alfred C, Davenport, Iowa,
1980 Mueller, Arthur A., Milwaukee, Wia.
1908 Mueller. Oacar C, Loa Angelea. CaL
1918 Muench, Juliua T.. St. Louia. Mo.
1911 Muhlfelder. David. Albany. N. Y;
1921 Muir, Jamea J., Cincinnati. Ohio.
1917 Hulr, W. A.. Rtek Sprinfea. Wyo.
1921 Mulcahy, Edmond L., Chicago, IlL
1919 Muldoon, Frederick J.. Boaton, Maaa.
1908 Mulkey, Frederick W., Portland, Oregon.
1918 Mullen, Arthur F., Omaha. Nebr.
1914 Mullen. Jamea Morflt, Baltimore. Md.
1981 Mullen, Timothy F., Chicago, HI.
1908 Mullen. William E., Cheyenne, Wyo.
1921 Moller, M., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1918 Muller, W. H., Dillon, & C.
1921 Mulligan, George F., Chicago, HL
1981 Mulligan, Henry C, Boaton, Maaa.
1914 Mulligan, Wm. J., ThompaonvUle, Oonn.
1981 Mullikin, Addiaon B., BaltinoN, Md.
826
AMEBICAK BAB ABeOGIATIOK.
xViU Mullln, Francis R., Boston, Mtas.
1913 Mullin, J. E., Kane. Ps.
1921 MuUlns, E. W., Columbia. S. O.
1917 MuIIins, Henry, Marion, S. C.
1921 Ifulqueen, Michael J., New York, N. T.
1906 Mulvane, David W., Topeka, Kana.
1917 Mulyaney, William, Cherokee. Iowa.
1908 Munday, Charles F., Seattle. Wash.
1921 Mundt, John 0., Sioux Falls, S. D.
1922 MungaU. Daniel. New York. N. T.
1919 Mun^r, Edwin A., Chicago, 111.
1921 Hunger, Robert H., Sioux City, Iowa.
1921 Munhall, William D., Chicago, HI.
1921 Munholland, John M., Monroe. La.
1922 Munkelt, Glen H., San Diego, Cal.
1908 Munn, George Ladd, Freeport, til.
1919 Munns. Harry P., Chicago, III.
1922 Munoe, Miguel A., San Juan, P. R.
192S Munsell, Robert F., Chicago, HI.
1886 Munaon, C. La Rue. Williamsport, Pa.
1922 Munaon, T. E., Sterling, Colo.
1922 Muraaky, Frank J., San Francisco, Cal.
1916 Murchie, Alexander, Concord. N. H.
1911 Murchie. Guy, Boston, Mass.
1921 Murdsugh, Randolph, Hampton, S. C.
1916 Murdoch, Miller, Portland, Ore.
1907 Murdock, John S., Providence. R. I.
1921 Murdock, Max, Streator, III.
1920 Murfln. James O., Detroit. Mich.
1921 Murphey, A. N., Pawhuska, Okla.
1921 Murphey, Robert B., Los .\ngeles, Cal.
1921 Murphy, Barry S.. Da^lon, Ohio.
1918 Murphy, Charles F., New York. N. Y.
1906 Murphy. Charles J.. Grand Forks, N. D.
1904 Murphy, Daniel D., Elkador, Iowa.
1921 Murphy, El wood, Columbus, Ohio.
1913 Murphy, Francia. Minot, N. D.
1921 Murphy, Frank P., Madison, W. Va.
1919 Murphy, George B., Detroit. Mich.
1922 Murphy, George W., Santa Rosa, Cal.
1921 Murphy, J. Edward, New York, N. Y.
1921 Murphy, J. W., Huntingdon, Tenn.
1920 Murphy, James A., Jamestown, N. D.
1906 Murphy, James B., Seattle, Wash.
1922 Murphy, James Raymond, Ida Grove,
Iowa.
1922 Murphy, John C, Portland, Ore.
1918 Murphy, John J., Newark. N. J.
1913 Murphy, John J.. Williston, N. O.
1920 Murphy, John K., Chicago. 111.
1914 Murphy. John L. V., Baltimore, Md.
1921 Murphy, John R., Boston, Mass.
1921 Murphy, John T., Covington, Ky.
1922 Murphy, Matthew W., Fargo. N. D.
1922 Murphy, Patrick W., Eldorado, Ark.
IMO Murphy, Thomas F., Detroit, Mich,
ins Muvhy. William E.» New York, K. Y.
SLKTBO
1920 Murphy, William Larkin, lOsoula.
Mont.
192Q Murrah, W. P., Memphis, Tenn. -
1907 Murray, A. Gordon, New York, N. T.
1906 Murray, Charles A., Seattle, Waah.
1922 Murray, Charles Frederick, Chicago, IB.
1921 Murray, Frank B., Chicago, HI.
1921 Murray, George Welwood, New York.
N. Y.
1912 Murray, Patrick F., Chicago. 111.
1919 Murray, Sidiley C, Chicago. HI.
1914 Murray, Walter F., Cincinnati. Ohio.
1916 Murray, Wendell P., Boston, Maas.
1907 Murrell, WUliam M., Lynchburg. Va.
1913 Murrio, Jamea B., Carbondale. Pa.
1922 Murtagfa, J. C, Waterloo, Iowa.
1922 Murtha, Thomas F., Dickinson, N. D.
1907 Murtha, Tbomaa F., New York, N. T.
1922 Muaeek, Louis J., Tsooma, Wash.
1922 Muae, B. B., Dallas, Tex.
1922 Mustek, E., Loa Angelea, Oal.
1916 Muskat. Carl, Milwaukee, Wia.
1922 Muaaer, Burton, Salt Lake City, Utah.
1914 Musaer. Harvey, Akron, Ohio.
1919 Muflsey, Ellen Spencer. Washington.
D. C.
1922 MusBon, George H., Steele, N. D.
1922 Myers, Abram F., Washington, D. C.
1916 Myers, Edwin F., Broken Bow, Nebr.
1916 Myers, George H.. Princess Anne, Md.
1922 Myers, Harvey, Covington, Ky.
1919 Myers, Hugh A.. Omaha. Nebr.
1919 Myers, John Daahiell, Camden, V. J.
1922 Myers, Louis W., Loa Angeles, Oal.
1914 Myers, Oliver P.. Newton. Iowa.
1913 Myera, R. Baldwin, Norfolk'. Va.
1916 Myers, Saul B., New York. N. Y.
1912 Myera. T. Percy. Washington, D. C.
1922 Myerson, Joseph G., New York. N. T.
1922 Mygatt, W. R., Santa Barbara, Cal.
1921 Myles, Thomas A., Fayetteville, W. Va.
1911 Myrick. N. Sumner, Warfiington. D. C.
1912 Naber, Ehiil H.. Mayville. Wia.
1918 Nadal. Charles C, New York. N. Y.
1919 Naegely. Henry B.. Saginaw. Mich,
inx) Nagel, Charles. St. Louis, Mo.
1922 Nagl, Joeeph A., Seattle, Waah.
1921 Nahin. Robert S., Chicago, 111.
1918 Nahter, Engene G., St. Louia. Mo.
1921 Nairn, Thomas O.. Phoenix, Aria.
1918 Kslly. John A.. Cleveland, Ohio.
1922 Nance, John W., Rogers, Ark.
1920 Kangle. John J., St. Louia, Mo.
1921 Napier, Charlea R., Chicago, HI.
1911 Nardin, William T., St. Louis. Mo.
1912 Nssh, Archie L., Manitowoc, Wia.
1912 Nash, Edwin G., Manitowoc, Wia.
1918 Maah, Frank, Raleigh. N. a
ALPHABKTICAL U8T OF KSMBXB8.
827
1919
1906
1919
1907
1921
19U
1919
19n
1917
1922
1919
1907
1911
1918
1921
1913
1920
1919
1922
1918
1919
1922
1918
1917
1922
1917
1918
1919
1914
1922
1912
1922
1910
1921
1918
1909
1914
1920
1982
1881
1921
1922
1916
1921
1916
1916
1920
1921
1919
1921
NaA, Fredvfck H., Boaton,
Nash, Howard P., Brooklyn, N. T.
Nuh, John BunMt, New York, N. T.
Nuh, Lynuui J., Manitowoc, Wis.
NMh, Nathaniel C, Jr., Boaton. MaM.
Nathan, Edgar J., New York, N. T.
Nathan, Edgar J., Jr., New York. N. Y.
Nathan, Harold, New York, N. Y.
Nathan, Milton A., fian Franeiaco, CaL
Natbanion, fltnniel J., New Haven,
Conn.
Natwick, O. A., Wheatland, W70.
Naugle, & S., Sterliny, Colo.
Nauman, J<riin A., Lanoaater, Pa.
Naumburg, Bernard, New York, N. Y.
Nay, Frank N., Boaton, Maai.
Naylon, Daniel, Jr., Schenectady, N. Y.
Neagle, Francia E., New York, N. Y.
Neal, John F., Boaton, Maak
Neal, John R., Knozrille, Tenn.
Neal, Max K., Maniatee, Mich.
Nealon, Thomaa W., Phoenix, Ariz.
Neary, John F., New York, N. Y.
Nebeker. Franklin K., Waahington, D. a
Neblett, Cblin, Santa Fe, N. M.
Neblett, Wm. H., Loa Angclea, Ohl.
Needham, Charlea W., Waahington,
O. C.
Needham, Henry Ghapnoan, Walea, Maaa.
Needham, Irrins, Sacramento, Oal.
Needham, J. C, Modesto^ Oal.
Neely, J. Howard, Mifflintown. Pa.
Neely, Robert D., Omaha, Nebr.
Neethe, John, Gahraaton, TCxaa.
Neff, George B., York, Pa.
Neff, Porter J., Medford, Ore.
Neiger, J. J., Virginia, IlL
Neil, A. B., Naahville, Tenn.
Neil, M. M., Trenton, Tenn. *
Neilan, John F., HamDton, Ohio.
Neill, Bmeat, Batearille. Ark.
Neilaon, William D., Philadelphia, Pa.
NelUa, Herwyn R., Albany, N. Y.
Nelson, Alfred 0., Dunn Center, N. D.
Nclaon, Arthur B., St. Paul, Mirni.
Nelaon, Arthur William, Chicago, 111.
Nelson, Ben B., Cincinnati, Ohio.
Nelaon, Dario U., Loa Angelea. Oal.
Nelaon, Earl F.. St. Louis, Mo.
Nelaon, Edward, Minneapolis, Minn.
Nelaon, Fred W., St. Johns, Aria.
Nelaon, George A., Decatur, Ala.
Nelson, George B., Stevens Point, Wia.
Nelson, Harold B., Rugby, N. D.
Nelson, James E., Phoenix, Ariz.
Nelaon, Leon M., Richmond* Va.
Nelaon, Lewia 8L, Worthington, Minn.
Nelaon, B. A., Blytheville, Ark.
1919 Nelaon, Ralph 8w, Oocur d'Alene, Idaho.
1921 Nelson, Rebtft N., MadiMn, Wia.
1918 Nelaon, Roacoe C, Portland, Oregon.
1921 Nelson, Thomas R., Dnpree, 8. D.
1921 Nelson, William, Boaton, Masa.
1911 Nelson, William S., ColumbU, a O.
1921 Nergaid, Edwin J., Chicago, HI.
1921 Ncabitt, Frank W.. Wheeling, W. Va.
1921 Neabitt, Jamea L., New York, N. Y.
1921 Neamith, C. C, Mmingham, Ala.
1982 Ncmith, Fisher H., Boaton, Maas.
1914 Neterer, Jeremiah, Seattle, Waah.
1921 Netherton, Rose DeWitt, Chicago, 111.
1918 Neuberger, David M., New York, N. Y.
1021 Neuendorffer, RudoU O., New York,
N. Y.
1921 NeulTer, Paul A., Chicago, HI.
1917 Neun, Walter J. G.. St. Louis, Mo.
1911 Neville, Arthur C, Green Bay, Wia.
1913 Nevin, D. W., Easton. Pa.
1913 Nevin, Robert R., Dayton, Ohiow
1920 Kevins. Franklin, New York, N. Y.
1806 New, Alexander, New York, N. Y.
1918 New. Jacob S., Baltimore, Md.
1918 Xewbegin, Robert, Toledo, Ohio.
1916 Newbourg. Frederick C, Jr., Philadel-
phia, Pa.
1921 Newby. Qyraa, RiUsboro, Ohio.
1920 Newby, Harry A., Chicago, 111.
1922 Newby, Nathan, Los Angeles, Oal.
1912 Newcomb. George Eddy, Chicago, HI.
1912 Newcomb. H. T.. New York. N. Y.
1922 Newcomb, JosUh T., New York, N. Y.
1919 Newcomb, Lincoln H., Eastport, Me.
1921 Newcomb, Paul R., Milwaukee, Wis.
1914 Newcomb, R. B., Cleveland, Ohio.
1911 Newell, Jamea M.. Boston, Maai.
1918 Newell, Sterling, aeveland, Ohio.
1907 Newell. William H., Uwiston, Maine.
1917 Newell, Wirt W., Binghamton, N. Y.
1921 Newey, Frederick J., Chicago, HI.
1021 Newgaas, George W., New York, N. Y.
1918 Newhouae,- Hugo D., San Francisco, Cal.
1909 Newlin, Oumcy E., Loa Angelea, Cal.
1914 Newlin, William B., McKeesport, Pa.
1921 Newman, Charlea H., Ithaca, N. Y.
1910 Newman, Claire B., Jackann. Tenn.
1921 Newman, Eugene, New York, N. Y.
1918 Newman, F. M., Brady, Texaa.
1918 Newman, Emanuel, New York, N. Y.
1922 Newman, Harold L., San Francisco, Oal.
1008 Newman, Jacob, Chicago, HI.
1920 Newman, John W., Little Rock. Ark.
1921 Newman, Juliua Austen, Detroit, Mich.
1921 Newman, Raymond, New York. N. Y.
1921 Newmark, Milton, San Francisco, Oal.
1921 Newmyer, Alvin L., Washington, D. C
1912 Newton, Charlea E. M., Evanston, HL
828
AMERICAN BAB ABfiOCIATION.
1919 Newton, ClarcDce L.. Boston, Mmi.
1920 Newton. Durbin, Detroit, Mich.
1914 Newton, Walter H., Minneapolis, Minn.
1921 Neylan, John Ftands, San Franciaoo,
CM.
1916 Nibley, Joel, Salt Lake City, Utah.
1915 Niccolls, Francis A., Bocton, Mass.
1916 Nice, Harry W., Baltimore, Md.
19Z1 Nichols, Allen B., Batavia, Ohio.
1920 Nichols, Charles W., Lansing, Mich.
1921 Nichols, Cnarence W., Indianapolis, bid.
1921 Nichols, Clark, Eufaula, Okla.
1921 Nichols, Elmer E., Berkeley, Cal.
1922 Nichols, Oeorere E., Ionia, Mich.
1886 Nichola, Oeorse L.f New York. N. T.
1897 Nichols, H. S. Prentiss, Philadelphia,
Pa.
1914 Nichols, Hngh L., Batavia, Ohio.
1922 Nichols, J. W. A., Tacoma, Wash.
1920 Nichols, James H., Baker. Ore.
1921 Nichola, John R., Beaton, Mass.
1919 Nichola, Philip, Boston. Mass.
1917 Nichols, R. H., Casper, Wyo.
1918 Nichols, Warren. Chicago, 111.
1921 Nicholson, Frank S., Niagara Falls,
N. Y.
1921 Nicholson, John R., Chicago, 111.
1921 Nicholson, Y. O.. Yakima, Wash.
1921 Nickerson, E. S., Papillion, Neb.
1921 Nicol, C. B.. Alexandria, Va.
1918 Nicol, Henry 0., Detroit, Mich.
1918 Nicola, Benjamin D.. Cleveland. Ohio.
1921 Nicolai, Joseph H., Springfield, 111.
1907 Nicoll, De Lancey, New York, N. Y.
1896 NIcolaon, John, New York. N. Y.
1899 Nields. John P., Wilmington, Del.
1922 Nielsen, Fred. K., Washington, D. O.
1921 Nieman, Howard H., New York. N. Y.
1918 Niemann, James P., New York, N. Y.
1921 Niemeyer, Orover C, Chicago, 111.
1922 Nieto. I. P., Napa, Cal.
1907 Nieaer. Charles M.. Fort Wayne. Ind.
1904 Niles, Alfred 8.. Baltimore. Md.
1901 Niles. Henry C., York. Pa.
1917 Niles. William W., New York, N. Y.
1922 Nilon. Prank M., Oraas Valley, Cal.
1919 Nilason, George W.. Pr<«cott, Aria.
1918 Niman. Charles A., Clereland, Ohio,
1922 Nimocks. Q. K.. Fayettevllle, N. 0.
1921 Nims, Harry D., New York, N. Y.
1921 Nisbitt. R. H., Akron, Ohio.
1914 Nitzel. Henry M.. Baltimore. Md.
1917 Niven. John M.. Milwaukee. Wis,
1922 Nix, Jno. D., New Orleans, La.
1916 Noah. H. A.. Alva, Okla.
1919 Noble, E T., Okmulgee, Okla.
1918 Noble, Edward T.. Scranton, Pa.
1918 Noble, Fred B.. Jackaonville, Pit.
1921 Noble, H. Lawrence, MtoJla, P. L
1908 Noble, Herbert, New York, N. Y.
1916 Noble, John, Boston, Mass.
1922 Nchle, Osee W., Oolville, Waah.
1922 Noble, Robert H., San Franciaoo, Oal.
1918 Noble, Wflliam M., Boston. Maas.
1918 Noel, Edmund F., Lexington, Misi.
1899 Noel, James W., Indianapolla, Ind.
1920 Noell, Charles Preston, St. Louis, Mo.
1906 NoflMnger, W. N., KalispeU. Mont
1918 Noftzger, Thomas A., Widiita, Sana.
1916 Nohl, Walter U., St. Louis, Mo.
1918 Nohin, Barry T., Palnesville, Ohio.
1919 Nolan, Jamea E., Fort Worth, Texas.
1920 Nolan, John A., St. Louia, Ma
1918 Nolan, John R., New York, N. Y.
1911 Nolan, Thonus 8.. Janeaville. Wia.
1921 NoU, Robert M., Marietta, Ohio.
1928 Noonan, Michael J., Niagara Falls, N. Y.
1922 Noone, Charlea A, Chattanooga, Teim.
1918 Norblad, A. W., Aatoria, Oregon.
1918 Norcroaa, Frank H., Reno, Nev.
1916 Noreroa, Frederic F., Chicago, III.
1921 Norden, Gabriel J., Chicago, 111.
1928 Nordlin, George. St Paul, Minn.
1922 Nordllngcr, H. H., New York, N. Y.
1919 Norman, Edwin Q., Worcester, Masau
1919 Norman, George, Hamburg, Ark.
1912 Norman, J. V., Louiavflle, Ky.
1922 Normandin, Fortunat B., Laoonia, N. H.
1918 Norria, G. Heide, Philadelphia, Pa.
1912 Norria, Herbert M., Iron wood. Mcfa.
1919 Norria, Hemdon J., Presoott, Arfi.
1912 Nonis, James L., Washington, D. O.
1921 Norria, Jean H., New York, N. Y.
1906 Norria, Mark, Grand Rapida, Midi.
1919 Norria, T. G., Prescott, Arts.
1916 Norris, Thomss J., Philadelphia, Ps.
1928 North, H. H., Berkeley, GU.
1918 North, H. M., Jr., Columbia, Pa.
1911 North, Jerome Reynolda, Green Bay,
Wis.
1921 North, John C, Oorpua Ohristl, Tacam,
1907 Northcutt, Jease G., Denver, Colo.
1920 Northcutt, William A., Louisville, KT-
1914 Northrop, Claudian B., Waablngtoo
D. O.
1922 Northnip, John E., Chicago, IlL
1921 Northrup, Seaman F., Watklna, N. T.
1922 Norton, C. W., Forrest City. Ark.
1913 Norton. B. M., Healdsburg. Cal.
1921 Norton, E. Miles, Crown Point, Ind.
1914 Norton, George P.. Kansas City, Mo.
1914 Norton, J. K. M., Alexandria. Va.
1914 Norton, Ralph, New York. N. Y.
1908 Norton, T. J.. Chicago, III.
1919 Norton, W. Ben, MttUins, 8. O.
1917 Norvell, Waiiam B., Jr., NadivOle,
ALPHABETTICAL LIST OF MEMBEBS.
829
1011
1911
im
1911
1912
1916
19S1
1921
1922
1918
1911
190t
1914
1920
1929
1914
1921
1904
1921
1921
1906
1920
1906
1919
l9tSi
1918
1922
1922
1914
1919
1921
1916
1918
1921
19n
1920
1916
1916
1918
1921
1918
1922
1921
1911
1918
1920
1918
1916
1981
1914
1918
1907
1921
1921
1921
Norwood, 0. Augustm, Boston, Mas.
Norwood, CvUde, New York, N. T.
Noetdal, L. R.» Riitt^, N. D.
NottiBfhara, Edwin, ^yracuae. N. Y.
Nourae, Clinton L.« Dea Moinea. Iowa.
Nonrae, Jamca B., Kanaaa Citjr. Mo.
Nourae, Paul, Loa Angelea, Oal.
Novak, Oharlea E., Rutland, Vt.
Norick, Philip, New York, N. Y.
Nowlin, Olande, St. Loaia, Mo.
Noxon. Jobn P., Pittafleld, Maaa.
Noyea, George P., Portland, Maine.
Nuckolla, Elbert L.. Payetterille, W. Ya.
Nugent, Antlionsr P., Kanaaa City, Mo.
Nugent, J. E., Kanaaa aty. Mo.
Nunn, D. A., Crockett, Texaa.
NoUen, Wesley L., Detroit, Ifich.
Notter, George R., Boaton, Maaa.
Nutter, Tkevoy, Pairmont, W. Va.
Nutting, nranklin P., flan Pranciaco,
CM.
Nuaum, Ridiard W.. Spokane, Waah.
Nyce, Peter Q., Denver, Oolo.
Nye, Carroll A., Moorhead, Minn.
Nye, George L., Denver, Oolo.
Nye, Walker H., Cleveland. Ohia
Nyka, Leon O., Obicago, HI.
Oakee, A. Bliaa, Cleveland. Ohio.
Oakley, P. D., Ticoma, WaA.
Oatman, O. H., San Frandaco, Gal.
Obear, Hngb H., Washington. D. C.
Ober, Prank B., Baltimore. Md.
Obcrdorfer, A. Leo, Birmingbaro, Ala.
Gberlin, Jobn P., Cleveland, Ohio.
Obersehelp. Henry H., St. Loula, Mo.
Oberatein, Abraham, New York, N. Y.
Oberwager, Obarlea A., New York, N. Y.
O'Brfan. John Lord, Buffalo, N. Y.
O'Brien, Arthur A., New York, N. Y.
O'Brien, Denia T.. Jr., Meriden. Conn.
O'Brien, Dennia P.. New York, N. Y.
O'Brien, E. R., Oelwein, Iowa.
O^Brien, Edward B.. Lynn, Maaa.
O'Brien, J. M., San Francisco, Cal.
O'Brien, Jamea E., Dea Moines, Iowa.
O'Brien, Jamea E., Minneapolis, Minn.
O'Brien, Jdbn E., New York. N. Y.
O'Brien, John P., Terre Haute. Ind.
O'Brien, John H., Worcester, Maaa.
O'Brien, John J., St. Loula, Mo.
O'Brien, John P., New York, N. Y.
O'Brien, M. RiAert, Detroit, Mich.
O'Brien, Martin, Clookaton, Minn.
O'Brien, Morgan J., New Yor! , N. Y.
O'Brien, P. H., Houghton, Mich.
O'Brien, R. J., Independence, Iowa.
O'Brien, Raymond H., Oolumbua, Ohio.
O'Brien, SeldOB W., Manila, P. I.
1916
191S
1922
1918
1886
1021
1922
1911
1921
1913
1920
1921
1904
1921
1921
1916
1922
1915
1918
1919
1911
1922
1909
1912
1920
1919
1918
1912
1916
1922
1921
1912
1921
1919
1921
1912
1922
1914
1922
1921
1919
1910
1920
1922
1907
1922
1914
1921
1886
1912
O'Brien, Tbomaa C, Boaton, Maaa.
O'Brien, Thomu D., Holyoke, Maaa.
O'Brien, Tbomaa D., St. ,Paul, Minn.
O'Brien, Tbomaa E., New York. N. Y.
O'Brien, Tbomaa J., Grand Rapida,
Mich.
O'Brien, William H., New York, N. Y.
O'Brien, William J., Loa Angeles, Oal.
O'Brien. William J., Jr., Baltimore Md.
O'Brien, William P., St. Paul, Minn.
O'Brien, William S., Buckhannon,
W. Va.
O'Bryan, J. D.. Klngatree, 8. O.
O'Bryan, S. Oliver. Manning, 8. O.
O'Byrne, M. A., Savannah, Ga.
O'Byme, Roacoe C., Brookaville, Ind.
Ochiltree, Robert M., Cincinnati, Ohio.
O'Connell. Bernard J.. Philadelphia, Pa.
O'Oonnell, D. J.. Towner, N. D.
O'Connell, Daniel T., Boston, Maaa.
O'Connell, Geoffrey C, Los Angeles,
Ckl.
O'Connell, James E., Boston, Maaa.
O'Oonnell, Joaeph P., Boaton. Mass.
O'Oonner, Oharlea A., Spokane, Waah.
O'Connor, Chariea J.. Chicago, HI.
0'Q)nnor, Chariea Leo, BulTalo, N. Y.
O'Connor, U. Baail, New York, N. Y.
O'Connor, Edward De YalUe, Providence.
R. I.
O'Connor, Prank A., Dnbuque. Iowa.
O'Connor. George E., Eagle River. Wia.
O'Connor, J. P. T., Grand Porka. N. D.
O'Connor, J. Robert, Los Angeles, (hi.
O'Connor, Jamea P., Livingaton, Mont.
O'Connor, John. Chicago, 111.
O'Connor, John J., New York, N. Y.
O'Connor, Jobn M., Chicago. HI.
O'Connor, Joaeph J., L'Anae. Mich.
O'Connor, Mylea Powera, NaahviUe,
Tenn.
O'Connor, Tbomaa, Emmetaburg, Iowa.
Octigan, Thomaa P., Chicago, IIL
O'Day, Paul M., Dallaa, Texaa.
Oddie, Clarence M., San Frandaco, Oal.
Odell, WUliam H., Sapulpa, Okla.
Odom, Patrick H., Jackaonville, Pla.
O'Donnell, Canton. Denver, Colo.
O'DonneU, Frank P., Boston. Mass.
O'Donnell. Joaeph A., Chicago. HI.
O'DonneU, Joseph B., Ban Pmnciaoo,
OaL
O'DonneU, Martin J., Kanaas City. Mo.
O'DonneU, Paul M., Chicago, HI.
O'Donnell, Thomaa J., Denver, OOlo.
O'Donnell. Thomaa W., Vernal, Utah.
O'Donnell, WlUlam T., Fairfield, Ch\.
830
AK£BICAN BAB ASSOOIATION.
BLIOnD
IflSS O'Donogline, Daniel W., WUhington,
D. 0.
1911 O'Dunne, Eugene, Baltimore, Md.
1918 O'Dwyer, Edward F., New York, N. T.
1911 Oelaod, laaac R., New York, N. Y.
1916 Oestreich, Otto A., Janesville, Wig.
1916 Officer, W. R.. Livingston, Tenn.
1918 OlTut, George W., Jr., Washington,
D. C.
1907 Oifutt, T. Scott, Towson, Md.
1913 Ofner, Jacob B., Portland, Oregon.
1919 Offbum, Charlton, New York, N. T.
1911 Ogden, Hugh W., Boston, Maw.
1921 Ogilby, C. F. R., Washington, D, 0.
1922 Ogilvie, George S., St. Paul. Minn.
1911 O'Oorman, James A., New York, N. Y.
1913 O'Qrady, James M. E., Rochester. N. Y.
1918 Ogren, John W., Chicago, 111,
1922 Ohannesian, Aram, Fresno, Cal.
1922 Ohannesian, J. George, Fresno^ Gal.
1920 O'Hara, John J., Menominee, Mich.
1913 O'Hara. Joseph W., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1922 O'Hara, Russell F., Vallejo, Gal.
1908 O'Harra, Apollos W., Carthage. 111.
1914 Ohl. Guy T., Youngstown, Ohio.
1922 Ohman, John N., Minneapolis, Minn.
1921 Ohmart, Junius V., Portland, Oreg.
1920 Oiler, Fred D.. Tulsa, ^kla.
1921 O'Keefe, Arthur B., New Haven, Conn.
1922 O'Keefe, James E., San Diego, Gal.
1922 O'Keefe, James T., Redwood City, Oal.
1912 O'Keeffe, P. J.. Chicago. 111.
1911 Old, William W,, Jr.. Norfolk, Va.
1914 Oldham. L. E.. Oxford. Miss.
1922 Oldham, R. C, Richmond, Ky.
1908 Oldham, R. P., Seattle. Wash.
1912 Olds, Robert Edwin, St. Paul, Minn.
1918 Olds. Walter F., Chicago. HI.
1916 O'Leary. W. F., Great Falls, Montana.
1920 O'Leary, Wilfrid, Cheyenne, Wyo.
1911 Olin, John M., Madison. Wis.
1919 Oliphant, Herman, New York, N. Y.
1917 Olive, Percy J., Apex, N. C.
1920 Oliver. Allen Laws. Cape Girardeau, Mo.
1916 Oliver. Arthur L., St. Louis. Mo.
1922 Oliver, Boyd, San Francisco, Cal.
1914 Oliver, E. S.. Florence. S. C.
1913 Oliver, FVank M.. Savannah. Ga.
1920 Oliver, O. B.. Coming. Ark.
1921 Oliver, George W., Bartow, Fla.
1919 Oliver, H. G., Oklahoma City, Okla.
1922 Oliver, James M., Ban Francisco, CaL
1919 Oliver. L. Stauffer. Philadelphia, Pa.
1918 Oliver, Paul Q., Westfield. N. J.
1916 Oliver. R. B., Cape Girardeau. Mo.
1914 Oliver. Robert Burett. Jr., Cape
Girardeau. Mo.
1920 Oliver, Robert T., New York, N. Y.
1914 Olivier, Pierre D.. New Oileau, La.
19U Olliphant, Horace K., Bartow, Fla.
1921 Olliphant, Horace K., Jr., Bartow, Fla.
1906 Olmstead, James M., Boston, Maaa.
1921 Olmstead, Oscar D., Winner, S. D.
1913 OIncy, Warren, Jr., San Franeiaoo, Oal.
1913 O'Loughlin, Patrick, Boston, Mas.
1919 Olson, Conrad P., Portland, Ore.
1913 Olson, Harry, Chicago. III.
1913 Olson, Julius J., Warren, Minn.
1921 Olson, 0. O., Chicago, 111.
1921 Omacht, George W., South Bend, Ind.
1920 O'Mara. Thomas F., Terre Haute, Ind.
1922 O'Meara, Edward P., New Haven, Oonn.
1919 O'Melveny, Henry W., Los Angelee, Cnl.
1920 O'Melveny, Stuart, Los Angeles, Cal.
1919 Omohundro, M. H., Richmond, Va.
1908 O'Neal, Emmett, Birmingham, Ala.
1919 O'Neal, L. Burke, Montgonmy, W. Va.
1922 O'Neal, M. E., Bainbridge, Oa.
1918 O'Neil, A. F., Akron, Ohio.
1922 O'Neil, Robert K., San Jose, Cal.
1922 O'Neill, Eugene M.. St. Paul, Minn.
1901 O'NeUl, Harry B., SUpleton. Nebr.
1919 O'Neill, Hugh, Chicago, HL
1916 O'Neill, James T., Brooklyn, N. Y.
1918 O'Neill, Wilbert John, aeveland. Olito.
1916 Onen, Bernard J., Battle Ck«ek, Mich.
1911 Ong, Eugene W., Boston, Mass.
1913 Ong, Walter C, Pasadena, Cal.
1922 O'Niell, Charles A., New Orleans. La.
1890 Opdyke, William 8.. New York, N. Y.
1913 Oppenheiro, Benjamin W., Boise, Idako.
1921 Oppenheim, Sidney, Chicago, HL
1921 Oppenheimer, Benton S., Cancinnati.
Ohio.
1913 Oppenheimer, Wm. H., St Paul. Minn,
1921 O'Quin, Leon, Shreveport, La.
1921 Ordway, 8. 0., St. Paul, Minn.
1922 Ordway, Samuel H., New York, N. Y.
1922 O'Rear, Edward 0., Frankfort, Ky.
1918 O'Reilly. ,»ohn J., Brockton. Ma«.
1921 O'Rieley* M. W., Cedar Rapids. Iowa.
1912 Orlady, George B., Huntingdon. Pa.
1928 Ormsby, Alfred &, Martines, Osl.
1918 Ormsby. F. R., Akron. Ohio.
1922 Ombaun, Oasper A., San Franctscoi, OaL
1916 O'Rourke, John A., New York, N. Y.
1914 Orr. Charles P., Pittsburgh, Pa.
1922 Orr, George A., Niagara Falla, N. T.
1922 Orr, H. F.. Ventura, CaL
1921 Orr, Harry H., Muncie, Ind.
1909 Orr, Issac H., St. Lonia, Mo.
1906 Orr. James W.. Atchison, Kansb
1922 Orr, John B., Tacoma, Wash.
1918 Orr, John &, Reno, Ner.
1912 Orr, Louis T., Chicago, U.
1921 Orr, Pence B., Joliet, la
AIiPHABBTICAL LIST OF MSMBXS8.
881
«L1tCTK»
1914 OiT, W. J., gprincfldd. Mo.
1022 Orr, WUllain B., Lm Vegai, N«t.
1981 OrreU, Arthur B., Holyoke, Ifui^
1904 Orrick, Allen C, 9t. Louit, Ifo.
1916 Orrl(<k, William H., San Franciico, CaL
1916 Ortbweln, William R.. St. Louia, llo.
1917 Orta»y&, Daniel H.. EvanavUI*. Ind.
1916 Orton, L. V., Pawnee, Okla.
19n Orwig, Ralph, Dea llbinei, Iowa.
1921 O17, Benjamin, New Orleana, La.
1914 Oabom, William Church, New York,
N. Y.
1918 Oabome, Hany V., Newark, N. J.
1918 Oabome, Ujriia H., New York, N. Y.
1919 Oabome, Thomas Samuel, Fort Smith.
Arte
1922 Oabome, W. P., Jadnonville, PU.
1914 Oebum, Frank C, Pittaburgh. Pa.
1911 Oaenton, C. W., Fayetteville, W. Va.
1921 Oagood, Boy 0., Chicagro, 111.
1911 Oifood. William K., Boston, Mam.
1911 O'Shaunemy, Georse F., Providence,
R. I.
1918 O'Shea, Ambroae L., New York, N. Y.
1921 O'Shea, Jamea A., Wadiington, D. 0.
1912 Oamond. William, Great Bend, Kans.
1920 Otterfaotia, Louis H., Grand Haven,
Mich.
1921 O'Sullivan, Bogene T., Torringtoo,
Conn.
1919 O'SuIIfran, P. W., Prescott, Ariz.
1921 O'Sulllvan. Patrick B., Derby, Oonn.
1922 Otis, B. B., Lincoln, Neb.
1922 Otis, Edwin M.. San Francisco, Oal.
1921 Otis, Fred A., Providence, R. I.
1921 Otis, Merrill B., Jefferson City, Mo.
1922 OToole, John J., San Francisco, GaL
1921 OTbole, Mary, Washington, D. C.
1919 Ott. John^Nash. Chicaso. HI.
1921 Ott, Magee W., Franklinton, La.
1928 Otto, J. M., Iowa City, Iowa.
1922 Otto, Ralph, Iowa City, Iowa.
1868 Ottofy, L. Frank. St. Louis, Mo.
1908 Otts, Comelhn, Spartanburg. S. C.
1921 Ontcault, Dudley C, Washington, D. 0.
19SU Outcault, Miller, Cincinnati, Ohio.
1916 Ouzts. D. A. G.. Greenwood, S. C.
1911 Overall. John H.. St. Louis. Mo.
19n Overall, Sidney B., St. Louis, Mo.
1921 Oveibeck, W. J., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1918 Overlander. Rufus M., New York. N. Y.
ion Overson, Jsmea L., Kokomo, Ind.
1922 Overton, Eugene, Los Angeles, GaL
1921 Overton, John H., Alexandria, La.
19(19 Overton, Winston, New Orleans, La.
I9te Owen. Clifford H., New York, N. Y.
1916 Owen. F. C, Colnmbus, Miss.
1920 Owen. Jamea, Denver, Colo.
37
1921 Owen, I^ecUo J., Leroy, lU.
1918 Owen, Stanton, Laoonia, N. H.
1921 Owen, Thomas B., Urliana, Ohio.
1922 Owen, Walter a. Madison. Wia.
1921 Owen, W. L., Covington, Tenn.
1920 Owen, William A.. Covington, Tenn.
1922 Owena, Bvefett, Denver, Colo.
1914 Owena, Fred B., Denton, Md.
1888 Owena, George W., Savannah, Ga.
1920 Owens^ Grover T., Little Rock, Ark.
1922 Owena, Madiaon T., Whittier, Cal.
1922 Owena, William G., WfUiston, N. D.
1909 Oxtoby, James V., Detroit, Mich.
1909 Oxtoby, Walter E., Detroit, Mich.
1911 Oyler, F. J., lola, Kansi
1922 Odas, G. M., Fresno, GaL
1911 Pace, Frank, Uttle Rock, Ark.
1912 Pace, Troy. Los Angeles, Csl.
1921 Ptack, ^rold J., Waahington, D. O.
1908 Packard, George, Chicago, 111.
1914 Packard, Joseph, Baltimore, Md.
1918 Packard, Sperry S., Puebk>, Colo.
1910 Paddock, W. B., Fort Worth, Texaa.
1908 Paden, Joseph E., Chicago, 111.
1912 Padgett, Beale Edward, Everett. Wash
1913 Page, Alfred R., New York. N. Y.
1922 Page, Benjamin B., Los Angeles, GaL
1911 Page, Cecil. New York, N. Y.
1918 Page, E. J., Syracuse, N. Y.
1910 Page, Edwin C, Evergreen, Ala.
1921 Page, Edwin L., Concord, N. H.
1912 Page. Ernest C, Omaha, Nebr.
1900 Page. George T., Chicago. 111.
1910 Page, Gerald H., Peoria, Til.
1921 Page, Henry C, Kansas City, Mo.
1903 Page. Howard W.. Philadelphia, Pa.
1020 Page, Jay W., Elkhora, Wia.
1922 Page, L<egh R., Richmond, Ya.
1896 Page, Rosewell. Richmond. Va.
1888 Page, Thomaa Nelson (Washington.
D. C), Rome, lUly.
1911 Page. William H., New York, N. Y.
1914 Paget, Benjamin S.. Detroit. Mich.
1921 Paige, a A., Wheatland, Wyo.
1901 Paige, Jamea. Minneapolia, Mfnn.
1920 Pailthorp, Charles J.. Petoskey, Mich.
1911 Psine, Bayard H., Grand Island. Nebr.
1912 Paine, Karl. Boise, Idaho.
1913 Paine, Willis S., New York, N. Y.
1920 Painter, Earl H.. St. Louis. Mo.
1921 Painter, Graham C, Charleston, W. Va.
1921 Painter, Uoyd, Streator. III.
1911 Palda. L. J., Jr., Minot. N. D.
1921 Pallotti, Francis A., Hartford, Oonn.
1919 Palmer, A. Mitchell, Washington, D. C.
1918 Palmer, Bradley W., Boston, Mass.
1916 Palmer, Clarence S., Kansas City, Mo.
1922 Palmer, D. B., Topeka, Kanaaa.
83)B
AMERICAN BAB AS80GIAT10N.
1»17
102E
iSSS
1922
1918
1918
1909
1912
1921
1921
1912
1928
1917
1922
1922
1922
1922
1907
1912
1912
1918
1912
1821
1910
1919
1921
1914
1896
1921
1911
1922
1922
1921
1904
1921
1917
1908
1909
1980
1921
1921
1910
1904
1917
1980
1911
1920
1908
1911
1919
1918
1880
1918
Palmer, EriMet, Ghleaco^ lU.
Palmer, H. B., NuiiTille, Ttnn.
Palmer, Henry W., Botton, Maai
Palmer, Herbert D., Qereland, Ohio.
Palmer, J. M., Mapa, Oal.
Palmer, James G., Shreveport, La.
Palmer, John 0., Jr., Wheeling, W. Ya,
Palmer, Jonathan, Jr., Detroit, Mich.
Palmer, Walter Gttrtia, Bacine, Wis.
Paltur, Oharles W., Ghicago, HI.
Pam, Hugo, Ohicaco, ni.
Pam, Max. GQiicago, HI.
Panaro, Carmine A., New York, N. Y.
Pannier, J. E., Chippewa Falls, Wis.
Pantelis, Athanasius A., Chicago, III.
Pardee, James A., Susanville, OaL
Pardee, Jnlien B., SusanTille, Oal.
Pardoe, Beuben C, Stockton, Oal.
Parish. Edward C, New York, N. Y.
Parish, John K. (Biloxi, Miss.), Ashland,
Wis.
Park, Byron B., Stevens Point, Wis.
Park, Edwin H., Denver, Colo.
Park, Herbert T., Minneapolis, Minn.
Park, Nathan Rogers, Cincinnati, OMo.
Park, Onrllle A., Macon, Ga.
Parke, P. Neal, Westminster, Md.
Parker, A. Warner, Washington, D. O.
Parker, Addison M., Des Moines, lows.
Parker, Alton B., New York, N. Y.
Parker, B. W., Washington, D. C.
Parker, Bsrton L., Green Bay, Wis.
Parker, Byron C, Ban Prandseo. Oal.
Parker, C. M., Cedar Falls, Iowa.
Parker, Chalmers M., Columbus, Ohio.
Parker, Chauncey G., Newark, N. J.
Parker, D. M., Waycroas, Qa.
Parker, fe. 8., Jr., Graham, N. C.
Parker, Emmett N., Olympla, Wash.
Psrker, Francis W., Chicago, 111.
Parker, Francis W., Jr.. Chicago, 111.
Parker, Harry E., Georgetown, Ohio.
Parker, Harry S., Eflfasgham, HI.
Parker, Haywood, Asheville, N. C.
Psrker, Herbert, Boston, Mass.
Psrlur, John J., Monroe, N. O.
Parker, Jones H., St Louis, Mo.
Psrker, Junius, New York, N. Y.
Parker, Leslie M., Chicago, 111.
Parker, Lewis W.. Chicago. 111.
Parker, P. R., Bridgeport, Oal.
Parker, Philip 8., Boston, Mass.
Parker, R. &, Atlanta. Ga.
Parker. Ralsemond A., Detroit, Mich.
Parker, Richard Wayne, Washington,
D. a
Psrker, Robert Chapin, Westileld, Mass^
Parker, Robert B., Appalachla, Va.
1912 Parker, Samuel, South Bend, Ind.
1922 Parker, W. Ainsworth, Baltimora. Md.
1981 Parker, W. J., Conmna, Mich.
1918 Parker, Woodruff J., Chicago. BL
1918 Paikhlll, Charles B.. Tampa. Fla.
1918 Parkin, Harry A., Chicago, IlL
1928 Parfcinaon, Oscar 0., Stockton, OaL
1806 ParkiuMn, Robert H., Chicago. UL
1910 Parkinson, ThoflMS L, New York. N. Y.
1928 Parkinson, Valla B., Sacramento, Cal.
1920 Parkinson. W. K.. Phillipa, Wia.
1919 Parks, Daniel B., Prescott, Aris.
1918 Psrks, Elton, New York, N. Y.
1918 Parks, J. L., Columbia, Mo.
1911 Parmelee, Heniy F., New Haven, Conn.
1907 Parmly, Randolph. New York. N. Y.
1914 Parrish. James L.. Des Moines, Iowa.
1921 Parrish, LueUn W., Henrietta, Texas.
1918 Parrish, Stephen D., Richmond, Ky.
1921 Parahall, Oeveland G., Jackaoa, Mich.
1921 Parsons, Burton B., Syncuse, N. Y.
1915 Parsons. C. C, Salt Lake City. Utah.
1912 Parsons, Chsrlcs F., Hilo, Hawaii.
ir09 Parsons, Edward A. New Orlesna, La.
1918 Parsons, Frank N., Franklin. N. H.
1915 Parsons, Harry H., Missoula, Montana.
1982 Parsons, Hany It, Fort Sumner, N. M.
1917 Parsons, Jsmes A., Albany, N. Y.
1915 Partlow, Ira J.. Ksyatone, W. Va.
1921 Partridge, John S., San Francisco, Oal.
1922 Partridge, RuawU G., Boston. Mass.
1988 Pascal, Aylett L., 8r., DeWitt, lown.
1916 Pasco, Samuel, Pensacola. Fla.
IMS Pasku% Benjamin G.. New York, N. T.
1981 Paskns, Msrtin &, New York. N. Y.
1918 Psssmore, John H, Chicago, HL
1990 Patchin, John W., Ttaverss City, Mich.
1919 Paterwn, John C, Baltimoce, Md.
1981 Paterson, Maurice F., Detroit IBch.
1915 Paton. Thomaa B., New York, H. Y.
1919 Pattee, Samuel U, Tucson, ArisL
1919 Pstten, Frsncis B., Boston, Mass.
1922 Patten, George Y., Boeesnan, Mont.
1921 Patterson, A T., Oalhoun City, Misa.
1907 Patterson, A. W., Bichmond. Ya.
1920 PstterKm, A. Z., Ksnsas City. Mo.
1008 Pstterson, Charles B., Seattle, Wash.
1014 PstterKm, E. O.. Delias. 8. D.
1921 Patterson, E. P., Florence, Ariaona.
1906 Patterson, Elmer a. Minneapolia, Mian.
1018 Patterson, Frank M., New York. N. Y.
1914 Patterson, F^eriok H., New York,
N. Y.
1916 Patterson, George, Dniontown, Pa.
1914 Patterson, George G., Bolidsjaburg. Pn.
1896 Patterson, George &, PhiladclpbU, Pn.
1921 Patterson, Jsmes E., Oedar . Rapids.
Iowa.
ALPHABBTIOAL LIST OF MKKBSRS.
838
1918 Pattenon, Jobs B., Okemah, OkUu
IBK Pattenon, John H.. PoatUc, Mich.
1918 Pattenon, John If.. PhlladelphiA, Pa.
1918 Patteraon, Marion D., HoUdajahurg, Pa.
1909 PattenoB, Newton Held, Pinerille, Kj.
19M Patteraon, Orin, Springfield. Mo.
1919 ' Patteraon, Perry 8.. Chicago. 111.
1911 Patteraon, Robert O., Dayton* Ohio.
1806 Patteraon. RoaweU H., Scranton* Pa.
188* Pattaraon* T. EUiott. Philadelphia, Pa.
1806 Patteraon. Thomaa, Pittsburgh. Pa.
1918 Patteraon. Wm. ^, El Dorado, Ark.
1806 Patteaon. a & P., Richmond. Va.
1918 Pattiaon. Allen 8., Waahington, D. O.
1918 Pattiaon, Charles W.. Clereland. Ohio.
1918 Pattiaon, John R., Cambridge. Md.
Um Pattiaon, William L.. PUttsbiurg. N. T.
1919 Patton. A. P., Jooeaboro. Ark.
1918 Patton, Gharlca L., San Franciaco. OaL
1915 Patton, J. Lee, Philadelphia, Pa.
1918 Patton, Jamea C, Dallaa, Texas.
1914 Patton, William Vayne, Livingston,
Ala.
1807 Paul, A. a, Minneapolis, liinn.
1919 Paul. Henry N., Philadelphia. Pa.
1918 Paul. J. Rodman. Phfladelpbia. Pa.
1821 Paul, John, Harrisonburg. Va.
1907 Paulding, Charles C, New Tork, N. T.
Ifln Paull, John, BiooUyn, N. Y.
19S8 PawlicU, T. £., San Franciaco. OaL
ISai PiiwaoB, John B.. Long Beach. Oal.
19S1 PaxBon, W. S., Cincinnati, Ohio.
19S1 Paxton, Thomaa B.. Jr.. Oindnnati,
Ohio.
1914 Payer, H. P.. Glereland, Ohio.
1980 Piiyne, Byron S.. Pierre, S. D.
1906 Payne, Jason B., Vermilion, 8. D.
1906 Payne, John Barton, Washington. D. OL
1980 Payne, Thomas W., Detroit. Mich.
1911 Payne, William D., Charleston. W. Va.
1907 Payton. Franklin C, Portland, Maine.
1916 Payaon, Robert. Portland. Me.
1914 Payton, Claude^ Albany, Ga.
1867 Pcabo47, Clarence W., Orono. Maine.
19U Pcabody. Franda, Boston, Maas.
1998 Peachy, Bathuxat D.. WUliamriburg, Va.
1917 Peacock, Dred, High Point, N. 0.
1928 Peacock. George Olereland, Cincinnati,
OMo.
1081 Peacock. Jamea Craig. Waaklngton,
D. a
1928 Peair% Howard A., Bakerafield, Cal.
1908 Peaka. George H., Chicago. IB.
1921 Pearce, Benjamin B., Manaaquan, N. J.
1980 Pearoe, Oulbcrt L., Bald Knob. Ark.
1081 Pearce, John Irving, Chicago, HI.
1990 Pearcy, Claude 0., St. Louia, Mo.
1921 Paarcy, Blmer B., St Louis, Mo.
1914 Peareaon, D. R., Ridimond, Tana.
1914 Pearre, Aubrey, Jr.. Baltimore. Md.
1914 Pearrev George A., Cumberland, Md.
1980 Pearson, A. £.. Oklahoma City. Okla.
1916 Pearson, Bugene, Louisiana. Mo.
1018 Pearson, Gardner W., Lowell. Maaa.
1928 Pearaon, John V.. Spokane, Waah.
1920 Pearson, Perry 8., Amarillo. Tex.
1920 Pearson, Ras L., Louisiana. Mo.
1922 Peart, Hartley F.. San Francisco, CaL
1911 Pease. Frank Alvin, Fall River, Mass.
1922 Pease, Robert M.. Los Angeles, CaL
1919 Peaae. Warren, Chicago, 111.
1921 Peaalee. Amoa J., New Tork, N. T.
1918 Peaalee, Robert J.. Mancheater. N. H.
1921 Peaeley, Frederick M., Cheshire, Conn.
1922 Pebbles. Heniy R., Chicago, 111.
1021 Peck, Bayard L., New Tork. N. Y.
1022 Peck, a M., Oakland, Cal.
1021 Peck, Caasiua R.. Portland. Oreg.
1003 Peck, Epaphroditua, Bristol, Conn.
1916 Peck, Geoige L., New Haven, Conn.
1886 Peck, George R., Chicago, 111.
1918 Peck. Hamilton a, Burlington, Vt.
1918 Peck. Herbert M., Oklahoma City, Okla.
1922 Peck, Jamea F.. Oakland, Cal.
1920 Peck, Josiah H.. Hartford. Com.
1921 Peck. Milea £.. Sioux Falls. S. D.
1012 Peck, Ralph L., Chicago, III.
1012 Peden, Thomas J., Chicago, IlL
1012 Pedrick, Samuel M., Ripon, Wia.
1006 Peek, Burton F., Moline, 111.
1021 Peeler, Oharlea B., Jacksonville, Fla.
1013 Peeler, J. L., Austin, Texaa.
1014 Peelle, Stanton C, Washington, D. C
1014 Peeples, Henry C. Atlanta, Ga.
1922 Peery, Charles &, San Franciaco, CaL
1907 Pegram, Henry, New York, N. Y.
1918 Peirce, George H., Loa Angeles, CaL
1921 Peixotto, Edgar D., San Franciaco, Oal.
1006 Pelletier, Joseph a, Boaton, Maaa.
1081 Pelton, Carl H., Pontiac, Mich.
1000 Pelton, Charlea A.. Clinton, Conn.
1916 Pelton, Isaac. Akron, Colorado.
1921 Pelton. Paul Philip, Southern Pinea,
N. a
1921 Pelzman, Frederick M., Waahington,
D. a
1914 Pemberton, L. M.. Beatriee, Nebr.
1914 Pendarvia. Robert E.. Chicago, 111.
1922 Pendery, Henry R., Leadville. Colo.
1921 Pendleton. Elliott H., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1911 Pendleton, Francis K.. New York, N. Y.
1021 Penfield, E. Jean Nelson, New York,
N. y.
1000 Penfleld, Walter S.. WasMngton, D. C.
1013 Penington, Robert, Wilmington, Dd.
1018 Penn. George £., Jr., Kingaport, Tenn.
834
AKERICAN BAB A680CIATI0K.
1917 PeniMwfn, Jftmet, DoTcr. Dd.
1008 Penney, R. L., Minnet polls, Minn.
1921 Pennlnfroth, ChErlci, Oedar Kmpida,
Iowa.
1921 Pennington, E. W., Pennington Gap,
Va.
1921 Pennington, George W., Cbicago, III.
1914 Pennington, William, Morrla Plalna.
N. J.
1918 Penny packer, Bevan A., Philadelphia,
Pa.
1918 Penrose, John J., New York. N. T.
1919 Pentz, John J.. Dubois, Pa.
1918 Pents. W. C, Dubois. Pa.
1912 Penwell, Fred B., Danville, ftl.
1916 Penwell, Leroy V., Chicigo. 111.
1914 Pepper, A. M., Lexington, Miss.
1894 Pepper, George W., Philadelphia, Pa.
^1916 Pepperell, William Earl, WichiU. Kant.
1922 Percival, Leo C, Wintenet, Iowa.
1922 Percy, Hu^, Reno, Nev.
1907 Percy, LeRoy, Greenville, Mi«.
1921 Perel, Harry Z., Ohicago, III.
1912 Perelea, Nathan, Jr.. Milwaukee, Wia.
1917 Perua. Israel H.. Memphis. Tenn.
1921 Peres, John R., New Orleana, La.
1914 Pergler, Charles, Tokyo, Japan.
1922 Perkina, A. Roy, Mayville, N. T.
1919 Perkins, Carroll N., Waterrille. Me.
1919 Perkins, Charles P., Boston, Mass.
1921 Perkins, Edmund W., Norwich, Oonn.
1919 Perkins, Eugene A., Manila, P. I.
1914 Perkina, F. W., Phoenix, Arisona.
1916 Perkins, George J., Portlsnd. Ore.
1921 Perkins, Merritt H., Denver, Ck>l.
1904 Perkins, Robert J., New Orleans, La.
1922 Perkins. Robert W., New York, N. T.
1922 Perkins, Thomaa Allen, San Francisco,
Oal.
1917 Perkins, Thomss J., Allontown, Pa.
1911 Perkins, Thomas N., Boston, Mass.
1919 Perlman. Philip B.. Baltimore, Md.
1921 Perrault, L. L., Opelousas, La.
1921 Perrin, L. N. Nick, Jr., BelleviUe, IR.
1922 Perrin, Lee J.. New York, N. Y.
1921 Perrin, Solon L., Superior, Wis.
1912 Perry, Ernest Bert. Lincoln, Nebr.
1980 Perry, Eugene D.. Des Moines, Iowa.
1921 Perry, F. F., Kiowa, Kan.
1914 Perry, Frank Sprigg. Wsshington, D. C
1911 Perry, Fred L., New Haven, Conn.
1920 Perry. George B . Detroit. Mich.
1921 Perry, J. M., Staunton, Va.
Iin7 Perry, John A., Denver, Colo.
1917 Perry, John M., New York, N. Y.
1918 Perry, Judaon M., Detroit. Mich.
1900 Perry, R. Boas, Jr., Washington, D. 0.
19S1 Perry, W. Y., Sarasota, Fla.
1913 Pershing, James B.. Denver, Oalaw
1921 Persky, Samuel A., New Haven, Oonft.
1917 Person, W. M.. Looisburg, N. a
1918 Persons, Jamea W., Buffalo, N. T.
1918 Peakind, Solomon, Cleveland. Ohia.
1914 Peter, Arthur {Waahlngton, D. 0.>,
Rockville, Md.
1909 Peter, James B., Saginaw, Mich.
1921 Peter, William F., Chicago, IlL
1981 Petermann, Albert E., Oalumet, llleli.
1909 Peters, Arthur J., New Orleana, La.
1918 Peters, Curtis A.. New York, N. T.
1914 Peters, Edward F., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1920 Peters, Emit C, Honolulu, HawaiL
1916 Petars, Glenn D., Hammond, Ind.
1916 Peters, Guy M.. Chicago, 111.
1912 Peters, James W. 8. (Wariiingtoa, D.
C), Kansaa City, Mo.
1918 Peters, John W.. New York, N. T.
19U Peters, Julius C, Great Falla, MoDt.
1908 Peters, W. A.^ Seattle, Wash.
1919 Petersen,' Arnold R.. Madison, Wia.
1921 Petersen, Samuel, Chicago, IlL
1922 Peterson, Albert, Chicago, HL
1917' Peterson, Alvin B., Prairie du CliieB,
Wia.
1921 Peterson, C. Petraa. Lincoln, Neb.
1922 Peterson, Charles, Tacoma, WaA.
1922 Peterson, Fred. C, San Frandaoa, Oil.
1906 Petenon, Fred R., Seattle, WaA.
1921 Petenon, Harry L., Norwidi, Oodb.
1921 Peterson, J. H., Lakeland, Fla.
1921 Peterson, J. H., Pocatello, Ida.
1914 Peterson, J. W.. St. Joseph, Mo.
1916 Peterson, John W.. Montevideo, MtnB.
1920 Peterson, Tbomaa F., New York, N. T.
1921 Peterson, William A., Chicago, DL
1913 Petit, Adelor J.. Chicago, HI.
1918 Petitti. Jerome A., Boston, Maaa.
1922 Petree, Louis B., San Jose, OaL
1917 Petree, N. O., Danbory. N. C.
1922 Petri, OusUve A., Mioneapolia, Minn.
1912 Pette, Alfred C, New York. N. Y.
1921 Pettea, Benjamin H., PittAurgh, Peon.
1919 Pettingell, Charles L, Amesbory. Maaa
1911 Pettlngill, N. B. K., Tsmpa. Florida.
1916 PettingiU, N. M.. Memphis. Mo.
1922 Pettis, J. A.. Fort Bmgg, OaL
1912 Pettit. C. B., Stuttgart, Ark.
1918 Pettit. W. C. Gi«envi11e. Pa.
1913 Pettus, Edmund W.. Srlma. Ala.
1921 Pettua, laabelU M., New York, N. T.
1894 Petty, Robert D., New York, N. T.
1907 Pev^, Gilbert A. A., Boston, Maaa.
1914 Peyser, JuHm I.. Washington. D. a
1922 Peyton, Robert E., Jr., RichmoBd, Ya.
1922 Pfanstiel, Jamea G., San Diego^ Oal.
1917 Pflffner, J. R., Btsvcna Point, WIsl
ALPHABBTICAL LI8T OF MSKBBB8.
885
1915 Ptemn, Abnluim J., Chicago, IB.
19S1 Phartt» Qurl, GincfniMiti, Ohio.
198S Pharr, Edgtr W., Oharlotte, R O.
IfiSl PbeUn, Finton J., Waterbury, Conn.
1914 Phelan, John J., Bridff«port« Coiiii.
1806 Phelps, Charles, Rockville, Oo&n.
1914 PhelpB, Esfnond, New Orteaw, La.
1918 Phelps, I. H.. Akron, Ohio*
19tt Phelps, J. Arthur, Pueblo, Oolo.
19^ Phelps, Ulbum, LouUville, Ky.
1919 PhilbiB, Ewinff R., Washingtob, D. a
19S1 Phllbrick, Floyd, Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
1919 Phllbrick, Francis S., Urbana, 111.
1914 Phflbrook, Warren C. Angutta, Maine.
1919 Philip, George. Rapid City, 8. D. •
1907 Philipp. Merita B., New York. K. T.
1917 Philips, Thomas L., St. Louis, Mo.
1917 Phillips, Alpoy a. St. Louis, Mo.
1911 Phillips, Arthur S., Fall River. Maas.
1918 Phillips. David, Philsdelphia. Pa.
1920 Phillips, e. Raleigh. Richmond. Va.
192S Phillips, Esther B., San Francisco, Oal.
1921 Phillips, Bdgar John. Chicago. Til
1981 Phillip^ H. &, Tftmpa, Fla.
1921 Phillips, Harry H., Chicago. Til,
1914 Phillips, John P.. Chfllicothe, Ohio.
1921 Phnilpi, John Preston, New York, N. T.
1917 Phillips. John R.. Louisville. Ga.
1902 Phillips, Nelson, Dallas. Texaa.
1917 Phillips, Orie L.. Raton, N. M.
1916 Phillips. Sam M.. Poplar BlulT, Mb.
1917 Phillips, W. L., Louisville. Oa.
1918 Phillips, Walter, Detroit. Mich.
1912 Phipps, George V.. Boston. Mass.
1921 Phlegar, Honter J., Chrtstiansburg, Ta.
1921 Phleger, Herman H.. San Frandaco, Oil.
1921 Piasecki. B. K., Dallas, Ore.
1911 Piatt. William H. H.. Ran«u City. Mo.
1928 Picard, Albert, San Francisco, Oal.
1921 Pfckard, Roy M.. Keene, N. H.
1898 Pickens, Samuel 0., Indianapolis, Ind.
1886 Pickens, William A., Indianapolis. Ind
1088 Pickering, Harold O., Superior, Wis.
1911 Pickering, Henry Qoddard. Boaton. Mass.
1914 Pickett, C. E.. Wsterloo. Iowa.
1918 Pickett. Harry E., Douglas. Aria.
1916 Pickett, Walter M.. New Haven. Omn.
1918 Ptckman. Dudley L.. Jr.. Boston, Mass.
1904 Piokman. John J.. Lowell. Maas.
1921 Pier, Kate» Fond du Lac, Wis.
1911 Pierce, Chsrles L.. Rochpster. N. Y.
1916 Pierce, Charles R.. Washington, D. C.
1919 Pierce, Charles S.. Boston. Msss.
1916 Pierce, Edward P., Boston. Mass.
1914 Pierce, Leonard A., Portland. Maine.
1916 Pierce, Noble E.. Hartford. Conn.
1920 Pierce, Philip, Oklahoma City. Okla.
1906 Pierce. Thomas M., SL Louis. Mo.
1906 Pierce, Wilson H«, Waterbwy, Ouin.
1892 Pierce, Wlnslow 8., New York, N. Y.
1921 Pierpont, Grover, Wieblta, Kan.
1919 PieraoB, Alfred P., Ssginsw, MIefa.
1917 Pleraoa, Charles W., New York, N. Y.
1928 Pierson, Howard O., New York, N. Y.
19ZI Pigford, O. E., Jaekson, Tenn.
1922 PIgott, John T., SacranentD^ Oal.
1915 Pigott. William T., Helena, Montana.
1919 Pike, Addison R., Boston, Maas.
1988 Pike, George E., Waterloo, Iowa.
1919 Pike, George W., Lisbon, N. H.
1919 Pike, Katherine R,, Washington, D. a
1922 Pike, LeBoy P., Reno. Nev.
1921 Pike, Robert B., Sioux City, Iowa.
1907 Pike, YInton, St. Joseph, Mo.
1908 Piles. Ssmuel H., Seattle, WsA.
1921 Pillow, George W., Marion. lU.
1916 Pillsbury, H. D., San Francisco. C^L
1928 Pillrt>ufy, Warren H., San Franciaeo.
Oal.
1919 Plnanski, A. E., Boston, Maas.^
1922 Pingry, 0. O., Pittsburgh, Kansas.
1904 Pinkerton, Alfred S.. Worcester, Mass
1921 Pinkham, Walter Samuel, Boaton, Mkas.
1920 Pinks, James Leslie. New York. N. Y.
1913 Piper, Jsmes. Baltimore, Md.
1922 Pipes, Martin L.. Portland, Ok.
1921 Pipkin, H. 0., Amarillo, Texas.
1911 Pirce. . Jsmes .Aldrich, Providence, R. I
1914 Pirkey, Eari M.. St. Louis, Mo.
1918 Pirseher, William F.. Bsltimore. Md.
1022 Pischel, W., Salt Uke City. UUh.
1990 Pitcaim, Raymond. Philadelphia. Pa.
1907 Pitney, John O. H., Newark. N. J.
1918 Pitney, Mahlon. Washington, D. a
1922 Pittman, Key, Washington, D. O.
1910 Pitts, John A.. Nashville, Tenn.
1921 Pisey, Alfred, Sioux Otty. Iowa.
1906 Place. Ira A.. New York. N. Y.
1912 PUin. Frank O., Aurora, 111.
1920 Plaisted. H. M.. St. Louis, l|o.
1921 Plamondon, Charles Ambrsse. Jr..
Chicago, nL
1921 Plants, O. Bertram. New York. N. Y.
1922 Piatt, Franklin a. Waterloo. Iowa.
1916 Piatt. Harrison G,. Portland. Oregon.
1916 Piatt. Henry R.. Chicago. III.
1912 Piatt, Robert Treat. Portland. Oregon.
1913 Piatt, Sarnnel, Reno. Nev.
1918 Platzek, M. Warley, New York. N. Y.
1914 Plauche, Thomas C, Lake Charles, Lft.
1907 Playford, R. W.. Uniontown, Pa.
1918 Pleas, J. W., Marion. N. 0.
1920 Plowman. M. M.. Dallas, Tex.
1921 Plumb, P. B.. Los Angeles, OaL
1913 Plumley, Frank, Northfleld, Vermont
1919 Plununer, Gbarlss B., Petersburg. Ya,
836
▲ICEBIOAN BAB AfiBOOUTION.
Ifltt Plunmcr, J. A., Stockton, OO.
10W PIumBMr, W. H., Spokane, Waah.
mt Plunkett, lfo« A., Roanoke, Va.
1018 Podolin, BmU L., Philwielpbta. Pa.
ms Poe, Edgar AUan. Baltlinon, IM.
Ittt Poe, Sam T., UtUc Rook» Ark.
in.9 Poe, Tom, Little Bock, Ark.
1914 Pofffentarger, Gcoise, Cliarleaton.
W. Va.
1014 Poffve, Prortnee B., dBctamatl, Ohto.
1921 Pogoe, Tliomaa L., Oiacimiati, Ohio.
ijDBO Pohlman, J. Harry, St. Louii, Xow
1919 Poindezter, E. W., Boanoke, Ya.
1916 Poindexter, Joaeph B., Boaolola, Hawaii
1920 Pokoray, Edward, Detroit* lOflh.
1922 Polier, Darid &, New Toik, N. T.
1922 Politner, Jerome, San Praadno, OaL
1914 Polk, A. D., Bralnefd, Mimi.
1914 Polk, Albert F., Wilmington, Del.
1911 Polk. Charlea M., St Loula. Mo.
1913 Polk, L. J., Jr., Pharr, Tezaa
1917 Polk, leaker, Warrenton, N. a
1911 Pollack, Sidney S., Chicago, IlL
1921 PoUak, Walter H., New York, N. Y.
1909 Pollard, Clande, Houtton, Texaa.
1921 Pollard, E. H., Port Badiion, Iowa.
1911 Pollard, Henry R., Richmond, Va.
1982 Pollard, O. H., Jackaon, Ky.
1919 Pollard, Oliver A., Petersburg, Va.
1920 Pollock, Charles A., Pargo, N. D.
1921 Polk>ok, John a, Fkrgo, N. D.
1921 Pollock, Thomaa A., Kansas Olty. Kan.
1907 Pomerene, Atlee. Gsnton, Ohio.
1921 Pomerene, Warner M., Ooahocton, Ohio.
1921 Pomerene, William B., Oolumbos, Ohio.
1908 Pomeroy, Charles W.. Kalispell. Mont
1919 Pomeroiy, Edgar B., Atlanta, Ga.
1922 Pomeroy, R. G., Eureka, Mont.
1914 Pomeroy. Robert W.. Buifalo, N. Y.
1922 Pomca, Emile, New Orleans, La.
1921 Pompan, Maurice A.. New York, N. Y.
1911 Pond, Philip, New Haven, Oona.
1919 Ponder, Bany L., Walnut Ridge, Ark.
1917 Ponsford, Arthur, Denver, Colo.
1917 Poole, R. T., Troy, N. C.
1922 Poore, Hany T., Knoxville, Tenn.
1921 Poore, John O., New York, N. Y.
1922 Poore, W. A., Knoxville, Tenn.
1921 Pope, Arthur D., El Dorado, Ark.
1912 Pope. Guatavus G., Ttoxarkana. Ark.
1919 Pope, Herbert Chicago, 111.
1921 Pope, Jeir A., Cairo, Ga.
1914 Pope, John D., Albany, Georgia.
1916 Pope, Pnul M., Oklahoma City. Okla.
1921 Pope, Walter L., Missoula, Moat
1906 Poppenhuaen, C. H., Chicago, HL
1917 Pen, Emu C, Manhfleld. Wis.
19231 Porter, O. Y., Jr., Baton Rouge, La.
191S FOftar, Olande R., Ntw York, B. T.
1921 Porter, Edward W., MarysviUe, Ohio.
1917 Porter, FeUz B., Aocon, Canal Zone.
1906 Porter, FVaak M., Loa Alleles, Oa.
1919 Portff, Gilbert E.. Chicago, Dl.
1914 Porter, J. H., AtlanU, Qa.
1921 Porter» John D., Webetor City, Iowsl
1922 Porter, John E., Wenatchee. Waah.
1907 Porter, Louis H., New York, N. Y.
1922 Porter, Robert C, San Frandaoo, Oal.
1906 Porter, BUaa, Topeka, Kana.
1919 Porter, Thok Fitigcrald, Lake Oharlea,
1916 Porter, W, Hobart, Philadelphia, Pft.
1916 Porter, W. L., Glasgow, Ky.
1921 Porter, W. T., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1906 Porter, WilUam D., Pittrtnirgh. Pa.
1910 Porter, William Gove, Sioux Falla, & D.
1920 Posey, Robert Randolph, Sheridan, Ark.
1912 Posner, Louis &, New York, N. Y.
1922 Poet, Charles A., Los Angeles, OtL
1907 Post, Frank T., Spokane, Waah.
1018 Post, Nathan N., St. Albaaa, Vt
1922 Poatel, Waldo P., San Frandaeo, Oal.
1914 Postlewaite, David N., Columboa, OhIOL
1920 Poston, John H., Memphis, Tenn.
1911 Potter. BarreU, Brunswick, Maiaeu
1922 Potter, Charles F.. Los Ai^elea, Oal.
1891 Potter, Charles N., Cheyenne, Wyo.
1921 Potter, Edward, New York, N. Y.
1911 Potter. Emery D., Toledo, Ohio.
1921 Potter, Florence Dangerield, New York.
N. Y.
1921 Potter, Fred W., Heuy, DL
1887 Potter, Frederick, New York, N. Y.
1917 Potter. Mark W.. Washington, D. C.
1921 Potter, Michael, New York, N. Y.
1916 Potter, Ralph F., Chicago, HI.
1916 Potter, W. D., Ardmore, Okla.
1920 Potter, William W., East LaiHti«,
Mich.
19U Pottle. J. R., Albaoy, Ga.
1914 Potts, C. a. Austin, TexM.
1921 Potts, Dempster O., Wichita, Kan.
1911 Potts, Joseph, New York. N. Y.
1921 PotU, Rufus M., Chicago. HI.
1919 Potts, WUliam M.. Mobridgn. 8. D.
1917 Pou, Edward W.. Smithlleld, H. a
1912 Pou, Jamea H., Raleigh, N. C
1914 Poujade, J., Oarson City. Nevada.
1901 Pound, Roscee, Cambridge. Maaa.
1916 Poventud, Josi A., Ponce, Porto RU
1922 Powell, Albert B, Cleveland, Obiow
1921 Powell, Albert N., Chicago, HL
1916 Powell, Arthur Gray, Atlanta, Oa.
1917 Powell, Charlea, Fairmont, W. Va.
1918 Powell, Charles J., Peabody,
1017 Powell, D. M., Grsenvllle, Ala.
ALPHABBTICAL U8T OP MBKBfiBS.
837
19QV
im
1081
1906
1920
ins
1918
1922
1920
1911
1921
1914
1919
1922
1911
1921
1919
1922
1918
1918
1921
1921
1911
191«
1018
Ifll
1922
mi
ino
1928
1981
ins
19U
1921
1922
1916
1921
1914
1021
1806
ion
1016
1014
ion
1014
1018
1009
10»
U08
Povidl, Elmer N., KanaM City, Mo.
Powell, iYank B., De Ridder, La.
Powell, Fnnk If., OlarktUirf, W. Va.
Powell, Frederick J., New York, N. T.
Powell, George M., JadBonTllle, Fla.
PoweU, BcniT M., N«w York. M. T.
Powell, Howell A., Saa Praneiaco, Cai
Powell, Humbert B., Pbfladelpbla, Pa.
Powell, John H., Seattle, Waah.
Powell, Lewla W., Kenoaba, Wia.
Powell, Hanaom J., Ifiuieapolia, Mlna.
Powell, Richard A., Olnduiati, Ohio.
Powell, Stewart K., Onaneock, Va.
Powell, Tliomaa Reed, New York, N. T.
Powell, W. E., San Frandaoo, Oal.
Powell, Walter A., Dover, Del.
Powell, Walter O., Pittiburgfa, Penn.
Powell, Wilaon M., New York, N. Y.
Power, Olara L., Boston, IfasB.
Power, Ifaurice E., Visalla, OaL
Power, Victor L., Hlbblng, Mbm.
Powen, George M., Morriaville, Yt
Powers, L. W., DeniR>n, Iowa.
Powers, Leland, Boston, Ifaes.
Powers, fltmuel L.. Boston, Mass.
Powers, Walter, Boston, Mkas.
Pratt, Addison 8., New York, N. Y.
Pratt, diaries A. B., New York, N. Y.
Pratt, Elinor D., San Prandsoo, Oal.
Pratt, George 0., New York, N. Y.
Pratt, James R., Baltimore, Md.
Pratt, Or?i1Ie O., Jr., San Francisco,
Oal.
Pratt, Thornton M., Ohicago, 01.
Prar, Allan T., Ashland, Wis.
Prediger, George A., Pittafield. Mass.
Preisker, 0. L., Santa Maria, Oal.
Preadergaat, Edmmid A., MinneapoUs,
Minn.
Prendergast, John, <%lcago, HI.
Prentice, Bsra P., New York, N. Y.
Prentice, Robert Kelly, New York, N. Y.
Prentice, Royal A., Tucumcari, N. M.
Prentice, 8. 0., Hartford, Oonn.
Prentis, George H., Detroit, Mich.
Prentis, Robert R., Suffolk, Va.
Presdiem, George T., Ohicago, IB.
Presoott, OllTer, New Bedford, Maaa
Preston, A. L., Avoca, Iowa.
Preston, Alfred D., Beckley, W. Va.
Preston, Byron W., Oskaloosa, Iowa.
Preston, Douglas A., Rock Springs, Wyo.
Preston, Edmund R., Charlotte, N. 0.
Preston, Eugene D., Colorado Springs,
Colo.
Preston, H. L., Ukiah, Oal.
Preston. Harold, Seattle, Wash..
Pmiua, J. W., Puebi- Oola.
1921 Preston, John J. D., OUrleston, W. Va.
1921 Preston, John W., San Praneiaco, Oal.
1981 Preston, Walter W., Bel Air, Md.
19S1 Prettyman, William 8., Pekin, m.
19U Prerost, George A., Washington, D. O
1917 Price, A. H., Salisbuxy, N. C
1921 Price, Benjamin H., New York, N. Y.
1921 Price, 0. L., Albany, Ala.
1916 Price. Edwin A, Naabville, Tenn.
1921 Price, Enoch J., GUoago, IlL
1922 Price, Prj^nda, Santa Bartiara. Oal.
1916 Price, Franda C, AshhUKi, Kans.
1901 Price, George E., Charleston, W. Va.
1021 Price, George M.. Langdon, N. D.
1980 Price, Harrey a. New York« N. Y.
1916 Price, Hemy W., Chicago, IlL
1917 Price, J. Harry, Knorrille, Tena.
1921 Price, John G., Oolumboa, Ohia.
1922 Price, Mitchell D.. Miami, Fla.
1921 Price, Morris L, New York. N. Y.
1922 Price, Richard, Jackson, Mich.
1918 Price, Robert M., Reno, Nevada.
1918 Price, Samuel B., Scranton, Pa.
1919 Price. T. Brooke, Charleston, W. Va.
1921 Price, T. D., New Lexington, Ohio.
1922 Price, Valmah T., Elkader, Iowa.
1906 Price. William H., Miami, FU.
1922 Prichard, George A, Los Angeles, Oal.
1922 Prichard, J. A., Onawa, Iowa.
1920 Prichard. Watt Monroe. Ashland, Ky.
1918 Prickett, William S., WUmington, Del.
1921 Priest, Elroy M., Ohicago, HL
1914 Priest, Henry S., St Louis, Mo.
1921 Priestley, John J., Ohicago, IIL
1922 Prime, Raymond 0., Lake Placid, N. Y.
1920 Primeau, Joseph B., Jr., Detroit, Mich.
1921 Primrose, J. Lawrence, Detroit, Mich.
1921 Prince. O. L., Oheraw, 8. CL,
1920 Prince. Carroll Thomas, St Louia, Mo.
1922 Prince, H. F.. Los Angeles, OaL
1909 Prince, Leon C, Carlisle, Pa.
1911 Prince, Sydney Rhodca, Washington,
D. C.
1912 Prindeville, Thomaa W., Chicago, IlL
1912 Prindiyllle, John K., Chicago, HI.
1902 Prindle, Edwin J., New York, N. Y.
1922 Pringle, E. J., San Francisco, OaL
1912 Pringle, Edward G., New York, N. Y.
1981 Pringle, IVederick W., Chicago, HI.
1922 Pringle, Ralph, Red Oak, Iowa.
1914 Prioleau, Thomas G., New York, N. Y.
1918 Prior, Joseph B., Minneapolis, Minn.
1921 Priore, Jerry C, Chicago, HI.
1981 Pritchard, McKinl^, Ashcrille, N. a
1916 Pritchard, Norman H., Chicago, HL
1981 Pritdiard, William 8., Btrmlngham,
W. Va.
1921 Pritt, Wayne K.,
838
AMBBICAN BAR ASSOCIATION.
1»«9 Pritsker. NlcholM J., Chicago. OL
1922 Probuoo, Runaey, OakUnd, Oal.
1917 Procter, Jamet U., Washingtoo, O. 0,
1916 Procter, Joseph 0., Jr., Boston. U^m,
1916 Proctor, David M., Kanaas City. Mo.
1912 Proctor, Frederick C, Houston. Tex.
1891 Proctor, Thoma* W.. Boston. Mass.
1917 , Proctor, Venable B., Victoria, Texas.
1907 ' Proskauer. Joseph M.. New York. N. Y.
1920 Prosser, Mason F., Honolulu. HawalL
1922 Prosser, Paul P., Denver, Colo.
1912 Proudflt, Robert M., Friend. Nebr.
1919 Proudfoot, Frederick W.. Chicago, DL
1917 Provlne, Walter M., Taylorville. UL
1920 Provosty. Albin. New Roads. La.
1922 Provosty, Michel, New Orleans, La.
1922 Provosty, Olivier 0., New Orlesns. La.
1921 Prowell, Jones T., New Orlesns, Im,
1914 Prugh. Harry H., Dayton, Ohio.
1889 Prussing, Eugene B., Los Angeles, Cal.
1918 Pryor, John Carlisle, Burlington, Iowa.
1913 Pryor, Thomas B., Fort Smith, Ark.
1920 Pryor, W. V.. Sapulps, Okla.
1921 Prxyborski, Msx, North Chicago, 111.
1921 Psaki, Nicholas G., New York, N. Y.
1921 Puder, George H., Timber Lake, 8. D.
1918 Pugb, George B., Little Rock, Ark.
1912 Pugh, Robert C, Cincinnati, Ohio.
1920 Pugh, Thomas H.. Dickinson. N. D.
1922 Pugfae, George A., Craig, Colo.
1904 Pujo, Anene P., Lake Charles, La.
1922 Pullen, William L., Boston, Mass.
1916 Puller, Edwin 8., Washington. D. C
1918 PiiHi^n. John S.. Bridgeport, Conn.
1906 Pulsifer. Park B., Concordia. Kana.
1921 Purcell, William A., Chicago, IlL
1911 Purcell. William E., Wahpeton, N. D.
1921 Purdum, James P., Portsmouth, Ohio.
1921 Purdy, Vail E., Sioux City, Iowa.
1917 Purdy. Wallace E., Brookings, S. Dak.
1922 Purifoy, Francia Marion, Montgomeryt
Ala.
1901 Pumell, Clayton. Frostburg, Md.
1907 Purrington. Wm. Archer, New York,
N. Y.
1920 Puryear, David, Memphis. Tenn.
1921 Puryear, Enrniet, Danville, Ky.
1913 Pusey. Fred. Tavlor. Philadelphia. Pa.
1922 Puterbaugh, Johnson W., San Diogo,
Cal.
1916 Putnam. F. Delano, Boston, Mass.
1921 Putnsm, Frank E., Blue Earth, Minn.
1809 Putnam, Harrin«(Cun, Brooklyn, N. Y.
1911 Putnam, James L., New York. N.Y.
1921 Putnam, Robert B., Millersburg, Ohio.
1899 Putnam. William L., Boston, Mass.
1914 Putney, Edmonda. New York. N. Y.
1912 Pyle, Emery CUntoii, Los Angtlfla» CU.
1889 Qnaekenbush, Jamet L., Vyaek, N. T.
1922 (^ckenbuah, Russell M., Santa Rosa.
OaL
1918 Quaid, Joba E., El Paso, Texas.
1897 Quail, Frank A., Cleveland, OhiA.
1920 Quail, Robert J., Ladington, Mich.
1919 Quarles, Charles B., Milwaukee. Wis.
1906 Quarles, James, Milwaukee, Wis.
1918 Quarles, Louis, Milwaukee, Wia.
1912 Quarles. William a, Milwaukee, Wis.
1921 Quarton, 8. D., Alfona, Iowa.
1919 Quasser, Julius H.. Chicago. IlL
1911 Qusttlebaum, Julius W., Anderwn. 8. iX
1916 Quayle, Alexandres J., Los Angdes. OaL
1921 Quayle, Bert L., Ely, Nev.
1921 Quiat, Ira L., Denver, OoL
1919 Qulcke. James M.. Petersburg, Va.
1922 Quigg. Murray Towneend, New York.
N. Y.
1918 Quigley, Eugene. Cleveland. Ohio.
1921 Quigley, Hany N., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1918 Quigley, Henry 0.. Bellefonte, Pa.
1917 Quinby, Henry C. Sew York. N. Y.
1922 Quinby, William, Boston, Mass.
1921 Quinlan, Edward J., Norwalk, Ooaa.
1914 Quinn. Frank J., Peoria. I1L
1911 Quinn. Frank S.. Texarkana. AiIl
1921 Quinn, J. H., Shelby, N. a
19't7 Quinn. John, New York. N. T.
1922 Quinn, Lewis J., Racine, Wis.
1921 Quinn, Michael J., New Haven. 09im.
1918 Quinn. Patrick H.. Providence. B. L
1919 Quinn. Virtume P. A., Norwich, Conn.
1922 QuinoasB, Jose Ramon, Sen Joan, P. B.
1916 Qiilnter. Ralph D.. Washington. D. Q.
1922 Quintero, J. Marshall, New Orleans, Us.
1921 Quirk, Robert E., Washington, D. 0.
19^ Qvsle, G E.. Willmar. Minn.
1922 Rabe, Rudolph F.. New York, N. T.
1909 Rsckemann, Charles S.. Boston, Mass.
1911 Rackemann, Felix, Borton. Mass.
1922 Racklefl, James Lymui, Portland, Me.
1921 Radcliffe, C. A., Lancaster, Ohio.
1920 Radcliffe, George L., Baltimore, Md.
1911 RaddifTe, Samuel J., Larimore, N. D.
1920 Radford. Frits L.. Detroit. Mich.
-1922 Radir-Norton, Vere, Los Angeles, OaL
1921 Raecke, Walter R., Central City. Neb^
1922 Raegner, Louis 0., New York, N. Y.
1921 Rsffety, Hany L., Portland. Oreg.
1914 Raftree. Matthias L.. Chicago, IlL
1922 Ragland, R. £., San Francisco, Oil.
1916 Rsglsnd. W. A.. Mens. Ark.
1913 Ragland, William T.. Jefferson Oty, Mo.
1916 Railey. Lilbum R., Miami. Fla.
1922 Raines, George CortiSi New York, N. Y.
1922 Raines, Joseph M., Phlrfleld, OiL
1920 Rainey, Bob M., OUaboma CUj, .ddk
Aia>HABEnCAL LIST OF KBKBBSS.
889
ABCTEO
IMU ftaftbel, Edward A., Bt. Lonii. Mo.
1914 IUker» John E., Washington, D. O.
loot Ralls, Joseph Q., Atoka, Okla.
inT Ralph, Ridutfd F., darton. Mo.
1898 Ralston, Jackson H., Washington, D. C.
1022 Ralston, John M., Port Angeles, Wash.
1918 Ramage, C. J., Saluda, S. C.
1916 Ramho, Ormond, Philadelphia, Pa.
1919 Ramsajr, Gordon A., Chicago, 111.
19S1 Raawburg, Ira OalTin, Lewiston, Md.
1914 Ramsey, George, New York, N. T.
1910 Ramaey, George 8., Muskogee, Okla.
1908 Rsmsej, H. J., Seattle, Wash.
1917 Ramsey, Joseph B., Rocky Mount. N. C.
1990 Ramsey, Marcellus D. R., Indianapolis,
Ind. (Vienna, Austria).
1911 Ramsey, Ruswll K., Sandusky, Ohio.
1918 Ramsey, William C, Omaha, Nebr.
1921 Ramsey, William R., Chicago, 111.
1921 Ramseyer, O. W., Bloomfleld, Iowa.
1916 Rand, John L., Salem, Ore.
1907 Rand, William, New York, N. Y.
1928 Randall, Olaude D., Spokane, Wash.
1916 Randall, Daniel R., Baltimore. Md.
1918 Randall, Edmund B., Paterson, N. J.
1921 Randall, Frank E., Omaha, Neb.
1921 Randall, Frank Hall. Iowa City, Iowa.
1906 Randall, Henry R., St. Paul, Minn.
1922 Randall, L. B., Los Angeles, Qsl.
1918 Rsndall. Robert B., Freeport. Maine.
1922 Randall, William L., Omaha. Neb.
1922 Randell, Andrew L., Sherman, Tex.
1922 Randell, 0. B., Sherman, Tex.
1922 Randolph, Asa F., Plainfleld, N. J.
1915 Randolph. Charica T., Otrmi. HI.
1914 Randolph. Edgar D., Ls Fsyette. Ind.
1909 Randolph, Edward H.. Shreveport. La.
1980 Randolph, George, Memphis. Tenn.
1912 Randolph, Hollins N., Atlanta. Oa.
1914 Randolph. Kendall B., St. Joseph. Mo.
1916 Randolph, WasseH. Memphis, Tenn.
1910 Rankin, Charles W., Memphis, Tenn.
1920 Rankin, J. W., Martin. Tenn.
1921 Rankin, John W., Los Angeles, Oil.
1922 Ranldn, Maurice J., San Jose, Cal.
1021 Rankin, Wellington D., Helena, Mont.
1920 Rankin. William A., Highland Park
Mich.
1919 Ramey, Dudley P., Boston. Mass.
1891 Rsnuey, Fletcher. Boston, Msss.
1922 RsnMer, Charles B., Waterloo, Iowa.
1914 Ransom, William Lynn, New York,
N. T.
im Ranstead, Arthur D., Chicago, HI.
1909 Raper, Emery B., Lexington, N. O.
1921 Raphael, Jesse S., New York, N. Y.
1921 Rapp, Stephen K., New York, N. Y.
1021 Rappoport, John £., Chioinnati, Ohio.
1922 Rasch, Simon, New York, N. T.
1918 RasGO. R. D., De Witt, Ark.
1914 Rasdeor, Leo 8., St. Louis, Mo.
1909 Rassieur,'Tl]eodore, St. Louis, Mo.
19S1 Ratclife, u. B., Oorington, Ind.
19& Rateinre, C. A., Benkelman, Neb.
1922 Rathbone, Albert, New York, N. Y.
1918 Rathbone, Henry R., Chicago. HI.
1918 Rathbun, Herbert W., Westerly, R. 1.
1914 Rathgeber, Emile E., Long Island City.
N. Y.
1921 Ranch, George L., Portland. Oreg.
1921 Rauch, John G., Indianapolis, Ind.
1921 Rault, Joseph M., New Orleans, La.
1921 Raup, George S., Springfield, Ohio.
1878 Rawie, Francis, Philadelphia. Ps.
1in4 Rawley, James Kent, Richmond. Vs.
1919 Rawlina, Edward W., Chicago, til.
1920 Rawlins, William T., Honolulu. Hawaii
1918 Rawla, William L., Baltimore. Md.
1921 Rawson, L. Q., Cleveland, Ohio.
1901 Ray. Charles T., Loulsrllle. Ky.
1918 Ray, George W., Norwich, N. T.
1917 Ray, J. Bis. BumsviHe. N. C.
1916 Ray, J. Enos, Jr., Chillum, Md.
1917 Ray. John H., Jr., Minneapalis, Minn.
1921 Ray, L. V., Seward, Alaska.
1928 Ray, W. J., Medora, N. D.
1915 Ray, William W.. Salt Uke City. Utah.
1922 Raymond, Albert,- San Francisco, ' Oal.
1920 Raymond, Anon, Omahs, Nebr.
1921 Raymond, O. W., Watseka, HI. '
1917 Raymond. E. C. New Castlp, Wyo.
1915 Raymond. Eugene^ PhiladpTphia. Pa.
1921 Raymond, Fred M.. Grand Rapids, Mich.
1011 Raymond. Robert F.. Boston, Mass.
Iin4 Raynolds, Herbert F., Santa Fe. K. M.
1918 Ra>'sor, Thomas M..- Orangeburg. 8l C.
1912 Read. Cloyd H.. Dallas. Texas.
1921 Read, Frederick P., Chicago, 111.
1918 Read. Ralph L., Des Moines, lows.
1911 Resd, Willtsm T., New York, N. Y.
1918 Resd, William T.. Camden, N. J.
1921 Reading, Arthur K., Boston, Mass.
1914 Reading, John G., Willfamsport. Pa.
1930 Ready, Frank J.. NashTille. Tenn.
1912 Ready, James H.. Omaha. Nebraska.
1921 Resdy, Wendell, Wellington, Ksn.
1920 Resmes, Alfred Evan, Medford, Ora.
1918 Reames. Clarence L.. Seattle. Wash.
1920 Resrdon, W. E., Midland, Mich.
1014 Reardon. William J.. Pekin. Hi.
1018 Rearick, Bertram D., Philadelphia, Pa.
1914 Rearick. George F., Danville. HI. *
1920 Reasor. E. D., Shawnee, Okla.
1914 Reass, Benjamin, New York, N. Y.
1921 Reaves, O. K., Tampa, Fla.
1918 Beber, J. Howard, Philadelphia, Pa.
840
AMSBIGAN BAB A8600IATIOK.
UQI Beetor, Edward, CUcago, IlL
1914 B«ctor, Fred O., Columbuf, OUou
1914 B«ctor, N. A., Awtin, Texat.
19» Bedden, J. M., Pittsborgh, Pa.
1909 Beddin, John H.» Denvar, Colo.
1889 Baddijig, Joaepb D., San Fraoaiaoo, OaL
1894 Redding, William A.. New York, N. T.
19U Beddocb, Cbarlea F., Boiae. Idate.
1902 Bedlleld, Heniy S., New York, N. Y.
191B Redick, Oak C, Oaialu, Nebr.
1918 Redick, Winiam A., Omaha, Nebr.
1921 Redington, Arthur H., San Frandaoo,
Oftl.
1918 Redman, Lander A., San Frandaco, CaL
1920 Redmond, Charica H., Denver, Oolo.
lilS Redmond, John W., Newport, Vt
19i4 Redmond, WllUam W., MaiTavlUe. Kant.
1914 Bedwlnc, B. B., Monroe, N. 0.
1907 Reed, Albert A., DenTer, Oolo.
1919 Reed, Bert A., Ooeur d'Alene, Idaha
1908 Reed, Oarl W., Creaco, Iowa»
1921 Reed, Clarence C, Brockton, Maaa.
1921 Reed, D. Curtia, Poraeroy, Ohio.
1911 Reed, David Aiken, Pitlabargh, Pa.
1921 Reed, Brvln E., Ifonticello, Iowa.
1921 Read, Fnmk D., Ifadiaon, Wia.
1897 Reed, Frank F., Chicago, nt
1916 Reed, George If., Waynearille, Mo.
1921 Reed, Harry D., Waycroaa, Ga.
1901 Reed, Henry T., Creico, Iowa.
1990 Reed, J. T., Hi«o, Colo.
1916 Reed, Jamea A., Kanaaa City, Ma
19U Reed, Jamea H.. Pittaburgh, Pa.
1912 Reed, John P., Chicago, IIL
1918 Reed, John W., ClewfUld, Pa.
1928 Reed, Louia F., New York, N. Y.
1914 Reed, Richard F., Natchea. Mim.
1918 Reed, Robert R., New York, N. Y.
1922 Reed, Tliomaa B., Loa Angelea, Cal.
1922 Reed, Hiomaa M., Jnaeau, Alaaka.
1922 Reed, Warren A., Brockton, Mas.
1894 Beed. William H., Paducah, Ky.
1918 Beed, Wttlia B., Madiaon, Ne* r.
1921 Beeder, O. B., Jr., Amarillo, Tezaa.
1917 Becdcr, Charlea W.. Milwaukee, Wia.
1921 Reader, Prentiai E., Kanaaa City, Mo.
1922 Reader, W. H., Jr., Ogden, Utah.
1909 Beet, Allen F., Houghton. Mich.
1917 Beeae. Millard, Brunswick. Oa.
1920 Beeae, B. Pope. Pensacola, Fla.
19tt Reere, Jay Fred, Chicago, HI.
1916 Reevea, Albert L., Jeffenon City, Ma
1894 Reevca. Alfred 0.. New York. N. Y.
1918 Reevw, Francis T., Watertrary, Conn.
1920 Reerea, George E., Tulaa, Okla.
1982 Began, Jamea S., New York, N. Y.
1918 Began, Wflliam D., Lowell, Maaa.
1901 Begennitter, Erwin U, Idaho Spriaga.
Cola
1917 Begiater, Don, WinterhaTen, Fla.
1919 Begiater, F. H., Bismarck. N. D.
1928 Rehorat, Frank J., New Hampton, lowm.
1922 Reich, Max, New York, N. Y.
1921 Reich, William, Trenton, N. J.
1912 Reichmana, Alex. F., Chicago, OL
1912 Raid, A. H., Wauaau, Wia.
1907 Raid, Ambroae B., Pittaburgh, Pa.
1917 Raid, Benjamin F., Dothan, AU.
1921 Reid, Charlea A., Waahingtoo O. B.,
Ohia
1919 Reid, Erie H., Torrington, Wya
1909 Reid, George T., Tacoma, Waah.
1921 Reid, Henry S., Fincaatle, Va.
1980 Reid, John G., Hngo, Cola
1922 Reid, Robert W., Seattle, Wadi.
1909 Reid, William a, Albnquerqua. N. M.
1921 Reiffert, Edith A., Woo<tatock, M. T.
1921 Reiher, Hany W., Chicago, OL
1918 Reilly, Edward J.. Brooklyn, fk T.
1921 Reilly, Jamea, Springfield, IIL
1912 Reilly, Paul, Philadelphia, Pa.
1914 RellsUb, John. Trenton, N. J.
1918 Relyea. WUliam 0., Yonkera, H. T.
1918 Remak, Guatavus, Jr., Philaddphin, Pa.
1907 RemidK, James W., Concord, N. H.
1922 Remington, Arthur, Taooma, Waah.
1019 Remington, Charlea C, ProWdcnoe,
R. L
1921 Remke, Richard, Cincinnati, Ohla
1921 Remley, H. M., Anamoaa, Iowa.
1919 Remley, R. G.. Wefaeter City, Iowa.
1922 Remmen, M. B., Hettinger, N, D.
1917 Remmen, Oliver T., St. Loola, Mo.
1915 Remaen, Daniel 8., New York, K. T.
1917 Remaen, Phoenix, Cazenoria, R. Y.
1021 Remater, Gharles, Indianapolis Ind.
1920 Reny, John A., Guthrie, Okla.
1922 Rendon, Oecfl Paul, Stockton, Oal.
1012 Rcnehan, A. B, SanU Fe, M. IC
1916 Renihan, Joaeph, Grand Rapida, Mich.
1919 Reno, Claude T., Allentown, Pa.
1918 Benahaw, W. C. W., Himtii«ton, W. Ya.
1982 Beatner, Otto C, Chicago, IIL
1921 Bepetto, Frank H., Chicago, OL
1921 Reppy, Roy Y., Loa Angelea, OkL
1922 Rea Leure, J. F., San Franciaoo, GU.
1921 Rettew, J. Barton, Philadelphia, Pten.
1922 Reyman, Harold a, San Fmnciacok Ghl.
1914 Reynolda, A. G.. Patncaville. OUo.
1021 Reynolda, Allen S., Poughkeepalc, N. Y.
1918 Reynoldi^ Cari H., Lanaing. Mich.
1916 R^oldi, Edward a, Portland, Mc.
1911 Reynolds, George V.. St. Loeda. Ma
1922 Reynolda, Howard W., Loa Angdea, OaL
1980 R^ynoldi^ J. L., Nariivflle, l^mi.
ALPHABBTICAL LIST OF UBMBEB8.
841
191S B49«oUK JanMi Buooaoo, North
CkMm.
ins lUynoldi. John, Pbiladelpbia, Pa.
1910 "B/fiyaeMt, John Chtndler, Jaclonnviltob
FU.
Itl4 Ikjniolda, John If., Bedford, Pa.
1914 B4inK>ldi, L«m«rd J., New Yorlc. N. T.
19» Be^Bidda. Nomuu S., Ilmkogee. OUa.
1981 Reynolda, 8. V., Oakalooea, Iowa.
19flS Refaolda, Thomaa B., VaoaviUe, Oal.
1909 BejnoMi, TlioiiMa H., Kaaaai Olty, Mo.
1911 Resac, AntOB A., Diamine, Neb.
Un Bbenlqr, Gould Q., Wfindngtoii, Del.
19K RlKjada, Kmeet L., Denver, Oolo.
19U Rhoadi, Fred. Paria, 111.
1991 Blioada» Oeorge a, 8helbril]«, m*
m» Bhodea, Carey W., OUcago, 01.
1918 Bhodei, D. L., Nampa, Idalio.
1914 Rhodei, Harry A., SeaUle, WailL
1914 Shodea, Jaaiea B., 9d., Hartford, Oona.
1914 Rliodai; If. &, Waafalnffton. D. a
1915 BlioBe^ Moitlner O., WUliaaaaport, Pa.
1917 Rhne, h. Terde, Johmtewn, Pa.
1916 Bloe, Albert W., Boaton. Mam.
1991 Rioe, Cleaveland J., New Haven, Oona.
19S1 Bloe, Oorrinne L., Obicago, 01.
1921 Rice, Qjrma W., Grand Rapids, Iffch.
1919 Rloe, DaTid Perry, Rockland, Itaaa.
1928. Rice, Earl O., Seattle, Waab.
1981 Rice. Bdward W., Globe, Arla^
1917 Rioe, Fraaer Lea, New Orleaaa, La.
1918 Rice, Herbert A., Providence, H. L
1911 Rice, John a, Boaton, IfaaL
1988 Rice, Julian, New 7ork, N. Y.
1918 Biee, Morria D.. Oabora, Obio.
1990 Rice, PbUip L, Libue Kauai, Hawaii.
1919 Rice, Robert ClilTord, Galeaburg, 01.
1981 Rioe, William O., Boston, lleas.
1908 Bice, Wmiam B., Warren, Pa.
1906 Rioe, WiHSam G., Deadwood, & D.
1916 Rich, BeoJamift U, Salt Lake City,
Utah.
1806 Ricb, Bordett A.. Rocbeater, N. T.
1916 Rich, Edgar J., Boaton, Maaa.
1906 Rich, Edaon, Omaha, Nebr.
1981 Rich, Bdward A., Detroit, Mich.
1911 Ridi, Bdward N., Balttmora, Md.
1107 Rich, George F., Berlin, N. H.
1918 Rich, Oeoige P., Philadelphia, Pa.
1981 Rich, John L., Cincinnati, Ohiow
1921 Rich, Maurice a. New York, N. T.
1911 Richards, Albin L., Boston. Mass.
1921 Richards, B. N., Oalhart, Tezaa.
1922 Richaida» Charles L., Reno, Nev.
1981 Riefaards, Charles W., Indlanapolia, Ind.
1988 Richarda, D. B., San Francisco, Oal.
1988 Richards, David W., flan Bernardino,
Ohl.
1918 Bidiarda, Blner B., Famingtoii, Maine.
1982 Riobarda, Frank tBrila, Salt Lake aty,
Utah.
1916 Richarda, IVanklin &, Salt Lake aty,
Utah.
1981 Richards, George, New York, N. T.
1918 Richards, H. CaapbeU. WbMUi«,
W. Va.
1809 Richards, Hany &, Madlaon, Wla.
1082 Richarda, John E., flan Fraadaoo, Oal.
1906 Ucbards, John T., Chlaago, OL
1918 Bicbards, N. C, North Yakima, Wash.
.1918 RIobards, Robert H., Wilmli«toa. DsL
1916 Richards, flanmel H., Camden, N. J.
1916 Richarda, Stephen L.. Salt^Lake City,
Utah.
1918 Richardson, Connul P., Boston, Mass.
1916 RIebardson, D. A., Oklahoma City. Okla.
1916 Richardson. David C, Richnoad. Va.
1911 Bfahardson, B. Stanly, Phiiadelpbia, Pa.
1817 Rtebardma, Bmmet L., Milwaukee, Wis.
1922 Richardson, F. U, San Diego, Cat
1918 Richardson, Harold J.. St. Paul, Minn.
1918 Richardson, Harrti, flt Paul, Mian.
1981 Rtehardson, Heibert H., fltoneham.
1918 Richardson, James Di, MuittseJbuiu,
Tenn.
1881 RichardaoD, James P., Henover, N. H.
1988 Richardson, John, Boston, MaaL
1916 Richardson, John, CUoafo, HI.
1914 Richardson, John H., Baltimore, Md.
1018 Richardaon, John 8., Beaton, Mms.
1916 Ricbardaon, MarsbaU P., Ja&MviUe, Wia.
1922 Ricbardaon, Robert W., Loa Aagdes,
OaL
1894 Eichaidaon, W. K.. Boaton, Mass.
1021 Ricbardaon, William B., Washington,
D. O.
1916 Rkterdibn, WOUam F., BMoklyn, N. T.
1009 Ricihbsrg, Donald E., Gbleago, Dl
1919 Ridksy, Oscar Turner, Tucson, Aria.
1920 Richmaa, Frank N., Columbua. Ind.
1922 Richman, Qrover C, Camden, N. J.
1981 Rlrhman, Irving B., Muacatiae, Iowa.
1981 RfahasanB, 0. E., Osdar Rapids, Iowa.
1919 Richmond, HarriB M., Boston, Mass.
1981 Richmond, John A., Covington, Kj.
1921 Bicholsen, BenJ. P., Chicago, Ql.
1921 Richter, Erwin E., San Frandsoo, Cal.
1916 Rickard, James Bldde, Santa Barbara,
Calif,
1919 Rickard, Jamea H., Woonaocket, K L
1981 RIckel, Heniy, Cedar Rapida, Iowa.
1981 Sickelman, Harry J., Eflhigham, IlL
1981 Rickert, Joaeph W., Waterloo, ID.
1914 Rtcketta, John B., Gieeavills, 8. O.
1980 Rickatts, Robert &, Jackson, Mim.
%42
▲KEBICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
1922 Bicka, Jmm J«y, N«w York, M. T.
1020 Riddee, GeorKe W., DaUac, Tte.
19a Bidden, Huffh, Irvine, Ky.
1980 Biddick, Edward O., Mempbia, Tcnn.
1921 Biddick, W. O., Little Bock, Ark.
191S Biddle, Harry Oaraoo, Denyer, Colo.
1915 Biddle, Lee, Loe Angelea. Cat
1910 Bider, George C, Pekin, III.
1916 Bidgely, Claifde V., Gary, lad.
1915 Bidgdy, Henry, Dover, Del.
1922 Bidgway, Albert B., PortlMul, Ore.
19ia RIdffway, Thomas, Philadelphia. Pa.
19C2 Bidfwiay, Thomas C, Loa Angelea, Ckl.
1913 Riegelman, Charleis A., New York. N. T.
1922 Biegdman, Harold, New York, N. Y.
1918 Riegelmann. Edward. Brooklyn, N. Y.
1921 Bieger, Louis, Ohieago, 111.
1914 Rielly, William J., Citicinnati. Ohio.
1914 Riely, Henry C, Richmond, Va.
1928 Blepe, Oarl C, Bnrlington, lowi.
1921 Bkvtord, Louis 0., Southbiidge, ICaaa.
1920 Rifenburgh. George L., Albeny, N. Y.
1920 Blfklnd, Albert J.. New York, N. T.
1916 Bigby, William 0., Chicago, 111.
1917 Rigdon, diaries L., Cheyenne. Wyo.
1922 Biggins, Clarence W., Napa, Oal.
1922 Riggina, Harley B., Loa Angeles, CaL
1916 Riggs, Laurie H., Baltimore. Md.
1909 Rightmire, George W.. Columbus, Ohio.
1922 Bigler, 8. P., Hebron, N. D.
1890 Riker, Adrian, Newark, N. J.
1911 Biker. Bamnel. Jr.. New York^ N. Y.
1920 BIley, Albert G., Memphis, Tenn.
1922 Biley, B. H., Burlington, Ky.
1921 Riley, B. T., Paola, Kan.
1916 Riley, Prank L., Wort^ester, Mass.
1914 Riley. George B.. Cleveland. Ohio.
1920 BIley, H. X, BennettsviHe. 8. C.
1916 Riley, Harriaon B., Chicago, HI.
1916 Riley. Henry C, Jr., New'Hadrid. Mo.
1922 Biley, BtaniaUua A., San Drancisco, Oil.
1917 Riley, T. S., Wheeling, W. Va.
1921 Biley, Terrence, Weston, Mo.
1916 Riley, Thomas P., Maiden, Maas.
1920 BUey, WillUm F., Dea Moines, Iowa.
1906 Binaker, Bamuel, Beatrice* Nebr.
1919 RInaker, Samuel M.. Chicago. HI.
1906 Bine, John A., Omaha, Kebr.
1895 Rinehsrt, C. D.. Jacksonville, Pla.
1921 Ring, Van H., Detroit, Mich.
1921 Ringer, Victor H., Willlamsport, Ind.
1922 Rinto, Arthur, Ashtabula, Ohio.
1921 Biopelle, Oacar A., Detroit, Mfcfa.
1906 Biordan. Daniel E.. Milwaukee. Wis.
1913 Riordan, Philip J., Minneapolis. Minn.
1915 Bipp^, Harlan W., Rochrater, N. Y.
1917 Ri«)ord, QuUick N., Ashland. Wla.
1919 Bislcj. Williani 8., Alhu^, Oregon.
1916 Biatine. Cart L., Ltslngtoa. Mo.
1918 Ritchie, Albert, New Rocbella. N. Y.
1908 Ritchie. Albert C, Aanapolia, Md.
1917 Bitc^e, Arthur, Belfast, Maine.
1920 Bitchie, L. 8. B.. Valley aty, N. D.
1912 Ritchie, William. Chicago, UL
ms Riter, W. D., Washington, D. a
1911 Bittenbouaa, George B., OklahonMi aty.
Okla.
1918 Bitter. A. Howard, Philadelphia. Pa.
1922 Bitter, Allan Gerald, Loa Angelea, OaL
1919 Ritter, Claude D., Birmtagharo, Ala.
1912 Bitter, Frederick W.. Jr., Washington.
D, a
1917 Ritter. George W., Toledo^ Ohio.
1922 Bitter, Halated L., Denver, Cola.
1916 Ritter, J. Alfred. Jr.. Oolotado arrtacn.
Colorado.
1915 Bitterbuflch, Hugo H., Hew Tofk, B. T.
1911 Rita, Harold A., Charleston. W. Va.
1921 Rivera, A. V., Ohama, N. Max.
1919 Bivers, E. D., Mllltown. Oa.
1921 Bivers, M. BuUedge, Chafleaftoo, S. OL
1921 Rivers, William E., Bnoson. Fla.
1921 Rives, Frank, Hopkinsville, Ky.
1921 Rivet, Oharlca J., New Orleana, La.
1912 Rix, Cari B., MUwankee, Wla.
1918 Rixford. E. H., Ban Francisco, CaL
1921 Bixford, Halaey L., San Frandaoo, OaL
1921 Roach, Charlea B., Wssfaington, D. O.
1918 Roach, E. C, Roek Rapiik. Iowa.
1920 Roach, L. J., Muakogee. Okla.
1918 Roads, George M., PottsvHIe, Pa.
1906 Rohb, Charles H., Wsshington, D. C
1901 Robbins, Charlea A., Lincoln. Nebr.
1922 Bobbina, Harlaiid 0., Cedar Rapids.
Iowa.
1895 Robbfna, Henry 8., Chicago, HI.
1922 BobUns, Jerome W., Chicago, IB.
1908 Robbina. Josephus E.. Mayffeld, Ky.
1021 Bobbins, Lee B., Norwich, Conn.
1922 Bobbins, Lloyd M., San Francisco, OaL
1922 Bobbina, Milo B., San Francisoo, OU.
1916 Bobbins, Nathaniel Vlck. Vlokrimrg.
Miss.
1922 Robenaon, Will 8., Bicfamond, OaL
1921 Roberds, W. O., West Point, Mtan
1921 Boberaon, Frank, Jackson, Miaa.
1914 Robetaon, L. E., Live Oak. Fla.
1916 Robenon, Wescott, High Point, N. OL
1911 Robert, Douglas W., St. Louis, Mo.
1912 Roberts, C. Wilson, Philadelphia. Pa.
1916 Roberta, Charlea F., New Haven. Coon.
1918 Roberts. Clarence J., Santa Fe. N. M.
1921 Roberts, Ernest W., Waahingtoa, D. O.
1922 Roberta, G. M., Medford, Ore.
1894 Roberts. George L., Brookline, Vaka
1914 Boberta, George L.. Pftttbmgh, Pia.
ALPHABBrriCAL LIST OF MBMBJ&Rti.
843
ILKOraD
1905 Robeitt, HarUn P., MinnMpolU. Minn.
ISQ Roberta, Bmxtj E., Marion, Ind.
19S0 Roberta, Henry Hueitt, Detroit, Mich.
19a Roberta, Horace W., Mankato, Minn.
vm Roberta, J. K., Bcattyrille, Ky.
10n Roberta, Jeeae Elmer, Chicago, IlL
VKL Roberta, J<rtiB, Norton, Ta.
19tl Roberta, John, Wiaeonain Rapida, Wia.
1906 Roberta, John W., Seattle, Waah.
1910 Roberta, Leonard G., Boaton, Maa^
1918 Roberta, Milton A., Ottunwa, Iowa.
1919 Roberta, Odin, Boaton, Mmi.
1909 Roberta, Owen J., Philadelphia, Pa.
1918 Roberta, Richard J., Wewoka. Okla.
1918 Roberta, Robert, Burlington, Vt
1900 Roberta, WilUani P., Minneapolia, Minn.
1914 RobertaoB, A. Reaton, New Haven, Conn.
1914 Robertaon, Atexander O. M.. Honolulu.
Hawaii.
1990 Robertson, B. D., Marianna, Ark.
1919 Robertaon, Egbert, Chicago. 111.
1914 Robertaon. Fred., Kanaaa City, Ranaaa.
1928 Robertaon, George M., San Pranciaoo,
Oal.
1918 Robertaon, Henry G., Franklin, N. O.
1988 Robertson, Howard, Loa Angeles, Oal.
1920 Robertaon, Howard S., Denver, Colo.
1921 Robertaon, Hugh R., San Antonto*
Texas.
1918 Robertaon, J. K A.. Oklahoma City.
OUa.
1900 Robertaon. James. Minneapolia. Minn.
1918 Robertaon, Jamca M., Mertdian. Texaa.
1981 Robertaon, Peter T., Yuma, Aria.
1918 Robertaon. R. K.. Sapulpa, Okla.
1916 Robertaon, Ralph E., Juneau. Alaska.
1981 Robertaon, S. 8., Pittsburgh, Penn.
1928 Robertaon, Samuel R., Denver, Colo.
1921 Robertaon, T. W., Shreveport, La.
1918 Robertaon, Tbomaa B., Hopewell, Va.
19Z1 Robertaon, Thomaa E., Washington,
D. 0.
1918 Robertson, William F., Dallaa. Texaa.
1981 Robeaon, Robert J., New York, N. Y.
1981 Robillard, Basil, Niagara Falla, N. Y.
1919 Robfneau, Simon Pierre, Miami, Fla.
1928 Robina, H. M., Aaheboro, N. C.
1921 Robina, John B., Orlafleld, Md.
1918 Robina, John Q.. Tupelo, Miaa.
1981 Robinson, Arthur R., Indianapolia, Ind.
1918 Robinaon, Beverley R.« New York, N. Y.
1981 Robinson, C. B., Orlando, Fla.
1981 Robinson, Oar! B., Jackson viUe» HI.
1981 Robinson, Charles McK., Columbua,
Ohla
1988 RobinsQii, dement P., Portland, Me.
1910 BaMnson, Dcen L., Hooghtoo, Mich.
SLBCTCO
1921 Robinson, Oelbert T., Cbarteston,
W. Vs,
1988 Robinaon, Dodl^. Loa Angelea, Oal.
1988 Robinson. Edward 0.. Oakland. Cal.
1828 Robinson, Elmer E., San Franciaoo, OBl.
1917 Robinson, H. McD., Fayetteville. N. C.
1911 Robinson, Harold L., Dniontown, Pa.
1982 Robinaon, Harry J., New York, N. Y.
1981 Robinaon, Howard L., Olarbburg, W.
Va.
1918 Robinson, Ira E., Waahington, D. O.
1914 Robinaon, J. C, Hartington, Nebr.
1928 Robinaon, J. B., Denver, Colo.
1919 Robinson, J. F., Tunica, Miss.
1981 Robinson Jamca J., Princeton, Ind.
1918 Robinaon, Jed W., Grafton, W. Va.
1914 Robinaon, John C, New York, N. Y.
1928 RobiMon, John J., New York, N. Y.
1911 Robinaon, Joseph T., Lonoke, Ark.
1910 Robinson, Lucius F., Hartford, Conn.
1919 Robinaon, Max, Loa Angelas, Cal.
1918 Robinaon, Morgan P., Richmond, Va.
1918 Robinaon, Nelaon L., New York, N. Y.
1919 Robinson, Percy, Denver, Colo.
1921 Robinson, R. D., Gslesburg, 111.
1921 Robinson, Silaa A., Middletown, Conn.
1911 Robinaon. Thomaa H.. Bel Air. Md.
1918 Robinaon, Thomaa N., Holland, Mich.
1921 Robinaon, Thomaa R., New Haven,
Conn.
1922 Robinaon, Thomas W., Loa Angelca, Oal.
1911 Robinaon, V. Gilpin, Media. Pa.
1917 Robinaon. W. a 0*B.. Goldsboro. N. a
1928 Robinaon, Wataon B., New York, N. Y.
1922 Robinaon, William H., Loa Angeles, Oal.
1914 Robinson. William J., Honolulu, HawaiL
1919 Robinaon, William M.. Pittri>urgh, Pa.
1921 Robira, John J., Jennings, La.
1896 Robson. Frank E., Detroit, Mich.
1912 Robaon, Stuart M., Springfield. Maaa.
1921 Roche, Theo. J., San Franciaoo, Cat
1982 Rock, Logan N^ Waahington, D. 0.
1907 Rockafellow. J. B.. Atlantic, Iowa.
1921 Rockel, Henry L., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1912 Rockhold. Frank A.. Chicago, 111.
1918 Rockwell, F. J., Akron, Ohio.
1900 Rockwood, C. J.. Minneapolia, Minn.
1922 Rockwood, J. E., Kaliapell, Mont.
1911 Rnrkwood, Nash. Saratoca Sprinca. N. Y.
1921 Roddewig, Lonia E., Davenport, Iowa.
1920 Roddy, Stephen R., Chattanoora, Tena.
1910 Rode, Henry J., New York, N. Y.
1906 Rodenbeck, A. J., Rocheater, N. Y.
1921 Roderick, Solomon P., Chicago, HI.
1910 Rodger, H. D., Shanghai. China.
1928 Rodgera, J. E., Martinez, Oal.
1918 Rodgera, Rollin W., Texarkana, Texaa.
1980 Bodgcn, W. a, Nashville, Ark.
844
AJUBBICAN BAB AfiSOOIATION.
19Q8 Rodgcn, WillUm B., Butte, Mont.
1913 Rodman, Walter C, Philadelphia; Pa.
1911 Bodman, William Blouat. Norfolk, ¥a.
1922 Bodney, Richard &, New Outle, Dd.
1910 Bodriguex-Serra, Manuel, Saa Juan,
Porto Bice.
1922 Boe, Obarlc^ Oaraoii, Iowa.
1921 Boe, Ollfford O., Ohicaffo, m.
1907 Boe, Cailbert E., New York, N. T.
1921 Boe, W. O., Frederick, Okla.
1921 Boe, Willia E., Eaat OhicMTO* lod.
1917 Roebke. Emll. St. Louli. Mo.
1921 Roedel, Oferl, Shawneetown, IlL
1921 Roeder, Jehial M., New Tork, N. T.
1922 Boehl, A. B., San Fraodaoo, OaL
1916 Roehrlg. Emil. Warrenton, Mo.
1921 Boemer, Caroline H. Pier, Fond du Lac,
Wia.
1920 Roeseel, Robert A.. 8t. Louis, Mo.
1921 Roeoiler, A. B., Oincinnati, Ohio.
1921 Roettinger, Stanley Olay, Oincinnati,
.Ohio.
1922 Rogeia, Allen E., San Diego, Oal.
1921 Rogen, Oharlea P., New York, N. T.
1919 Rogers, Edmiind, Denver, Oolo.
1920 Rogera, Edward H., Detroit. Midi.
1906 Rogers, Edward a^ Chicago, Til.
1921 Rogers, Frank a, Chicago, HI.
1918 Rogers, Gustarua A., New York, N. Y.
1921 Rogers, H. Kenneth, Cincinnati, Ohio.
1990 Rogers, H. T., Dyersbnrg, Tenn.
1914 Rogen, Harry H., San Antonio, Texas.
1896 Rogers, Henry T., Denver, Colo.
1884 Rogers, Henry Wade, New York, N. Y.
1921 Rogers, Hopewell L., Chicago, 111.
190r Rogers, Hubert E.. New York. N. Y.
1914 Rogers, Jssies C, Hyatlsville, Md.
1921 Rogers, Jamea Cunninghsm, Washing-
ton, D. O.
1916 Rogers, James Grafton, Denver, Colo.
1921 Rogers, John C, Cincinnati, Ohio.
1921 Rogers, John W.. Kansas City, Mb.
1921 Rogers, Lyman Wright, Canton, Ohio.
1922 Rogers, Merle J., Ventura, Oal. J
1911 Rogers, Noah Comwell, New York. N. Y.
1890 Rogers, Piatt, Denver, Colo.
1920 Rogers, Remington, Tulra, Okla.
1918 Rogers. Robert F., New York, N. Y.
1918 Rogers, Silss W.. Little Rock, Ark.
1910 Rogers, Stephen C, St. Louis, Mo.
1906 Rogers, Walter F., Washington, D. a
1921 Rogers, Wm. H., Jacksonville, Fla.
1022 Rogers, Wynne G., New Orleans, La.
1921 Rogerton, Charles M., Boston, Mass.
1918 Robe. Clifford A.« Los Angeles, Cat
1914 Rolspp. Henry H., Salt Lake City. Utah.
1909 Rollins, Thomas Scott, Asheville, N. 0.
"Ml Bombauer, Edgar R., St. Louis. Mo.
1921 Rommel* Ja^er F., Ohiflago, m.
1906 Ronald, J. T., SeatUe, Wash.
1921 Bonken, Oscar 0., Bocbeater, Mfam.
1914 Bonnebaum, AnthoQy, Cincinnati, Oldo.
1919 Booker, William Vripeau, Indlaaap^lia.
Ind.
1912 Rooney, nomaa Edward* Chicago. IlL
1921 Roop, R. L. Gbristiaiisbttrg, Va.
1918 Root, Edwin a, Loa Angeles, OaL
1896 Root, Elihu, New York, N. Y. . i
1918 Root, Elihu, Jr., New York, N. T.
1918 Root. Jesse L., Omaha, Nebr.
1928 Boaooe, a T., Everett, Wash.
1904 Rose. A. J., MUmi, Florida.
1921 Rose, AUred L., New York, N. T.
1921 Rose, C. O., Cincinnati, Obiou
1917 Rose, Charlea Q.. FayettcviUe. N. a
1917 Rose, Charles M., Pueblo, Colo.
19S1 Bose, Don, Pittsburgh, Penn.
1921 Bose, Barl B., Betttyrllle, Ky.
1916 Roae, Earl B., Bhanghal, China.
1898 Bose, GeoTga B., Little Bock. Ark:
1914 Boae, John A., CUcago, IIL
1911 Boae, John C, Baltimore, Md.
1921 Boae, John M., Uttle Book, Ark.
1920 Rose, h. Baymond, New York, N. Y.
1921 Bose, Milton B., Memphis, Tenn.
1922 Boae, William F., San Frandaoo. Osl.
1917 Rose. William R., New York. N. Y.
1922 Roaebeny, U H., Los Angeles, Gal.
1911 Rosen, Chsrles, New Orleana. La.
1921 Rosen, John F., Chicago, lU.
1921 Roaen, Ralph, Chicago, HI.
1912 Roaenbaum, M. I., ChleagD. ni.
1921 Roaenbaum, Samuel, Philadelphia, Pom.
1918 Rosenberg, Ely, New York, N. Y.
1921 Rosenberg, Harry C, Chicago, IB.
1981 Rosenberg, Hyman J., Chioago, HL
1907 Roaenberg, Jamea N., New York, N. Y.
1914 Roaenberg, Matirioe D., Washlngt'^n.
D. C.
1914 Rosenberg. Msximilian T.. Jersey City.
N. J.
1921 Rosenberg, Solomon, New Bedford, Maaa.
1914 Rosenberger. Bmil, PhlladelpUa, Pa.
1918 Rosenberger, Jules C, Kansaa dtv. Mow
1912 Roaenberry, Marrin B., Madison, Wis.
1918 Rosenbloom, Benjamin L., Wheeling,
W. Va.
1921 Roaenblufli, Abraham, New York, 3V. T.
1915 Roaenbluth. Louis M., New Haven.
1922 Rosenbusch, Otto F., Detroit, Mich.
1916 Rosenbush. Myar, Baltimore. Md.
1922 Boaendale, Chariea B., Salinaa, OaL
1921 Bosendale, George, Mew York. N. T.
1911 RossBdale, Simon W., Albaqy, M. T«
1916 BoMnlsld, BaomaL 8t Louia, Mo.
ALPHABBTIOAL U8T OF HEHBEB8.
846
Ittt Romilleld, Adolph B., Lone B«aeh.
Oil.
1920 Rotenfleld, W. B., Memiibta, Ton.
IMl BoMinelMiii, Oharls S., New Toik,
K. Y.
1021 Rowiwhiae, Albert A., San Fnndieo,
OU.
IfiU BowDttonc, Bertram W., Ghlcaffo, HL
1914 RoaeadMl, Hcnnaa, Lineolo, Nebr.
1912 BoaeBthal, Jaiiica» Chicago, 111.
1918 RoaentbaU Jamaa X., Pftttfeld. MaM.
1908 Roantbal, LMrinff, Chicago, 111.
1914 Roaeiswlg, Qraflt L. Kanias Citj, Mo.
191B Boiewater, Stanlej, Omaha, Meb.
1921 Rodcr, Artlmr J., Rawliaa, Wyo.
1921 Boaa, Artlmr Leonard, New York, M. Y.
1911 Boca. David, Kaliipell, Mont.
19S0 Roai, E. W., flaTaaaah, Tenn.
1914 Rom, Elmer B., Ofentral City, Nebr.
1922 Boaa, Braeat, New York, N. Y.
1914 Boat, Brricine M., Lea Angeica, Oii
1919 Boaa, Frank L., Dcnrer, Oolo.
1912 Rom, QcMve Bwing. Loganaport, Ind.
1922 Roaa, HaU a. Redwood Oity, Cal.
1918 Boaa, Henry D., Phoenix, Ariaona.
1921 Boaa, J. W., Jaekaon, Tenn.
1921 Boaa, Jamei, Manila, P. I.
1908 Bom, John M., Biabee, Aria.
1922 Boaa, Lee T., Redwood Oity, Oal.
1918 Boat, N. Sargent. York, Pa.
1921 Boaa, Simon, Obadnnati, Ohio.
1912 Boat, Walter W., Chicago, IlL
1918 Roai, William B., Cheyenne, Wyo.
1014 Bamer, Lnther Z., Atlanta, On.
1914 Bomer, Maleolm £., Muakogee, Okla.
1990 Boaekopf, Henry A., St. Looia, Mo.
1922 Bomlow, Joaeph, Spokane, Wadi.
1921 Boeaman, Bcnben H., Jackson, Mich.
1922 Bomton, Walter J., New York, N. Y.
1919 Both, Leater Wm.. Loa Angeica, Cal.
1921 Bothberg. Hanrey, Plainfleld, N. J.
1922 Bothdiild, Herbert L., San Franoiaco,
Oal.
1918 Bothchild, Walter. San Franciaeo, Gil.
1914 Bothenberg, William, Cleveland. Ohio.
1918 Bothennal, P. P., Jr.. PhiladelphU, Pa
1920 Rothgerber, Ira C. Denver. Colo.
1907 Bothmann. William, Chicago, HI.
1921 Bothrock, J. T., Jr., Jaekaon, Tenn.
1920 Bothrock« Jamea H., Colorado Springa,
Oolo.
1919 Bothaehlld. Imae S., Chicago, 111.
1990 Rothachild. Jay Leo, New York, N. T.
19U Bothaehlld, Jerome J., Philadelphia. Pa.
1922 Bothw^, Yiacent H., New York, N. Y.
1921 Botkowlts, Harry, New York, V. Y.
1918 Boodcboah, A. H., St. LouSa, Mo.
180r Bomida, Arttamr C, New York, N. Y.
SIXCTEB
1912 Bomida, Balpb &, New York, N. Y.
1907 Bountree, Oaorga, Wilmington, N. C.
1918 Bonrke, John, Jr., Savannah, Ga.
1912 Booaa, John T., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1914 Booae, N. J.. Klnaton. N. 0.
1908 Booae, Shelley D., Covington, Ky.
1921 Bowan, John L., Union, W. Ya*
1916 Bowe. Charlea T. B., New York, N. Y.
1918 Bowe, Frederick A., Chlcr . o, HI.
1904 Bowe, Lao Stanton, Waahlngton. D. 0.
1914 Bowe, B. B., Madiaon, Fla.
1920 Bowe, Robert A., Greenwood, Aifc.
1918 Bowe, T. J., St. Loola. Ma
1918. Rowe, Thomas J., Jr., St. Louia, Mo.
1921 Rowe, William G., Brockton, Mam.
1907 Bowe, William V., Newton Highlands,
1912 BoweU, A. H., Pine Bluff, Ark.
1921 Bowell, T. D., Jefferson, Taxaa.
1918 Bowell, WUbur E., Liwreoce, MaaL
1922 Rowland, A. Lincoln, Pandena, Oal.
1921 Rowland, Claude K., St. LouSa, Mo.
1922 Rowland, Dix H., Tacoma, Waah.
1914 Rowland, Hugh B., Waahington, D. 0.
1911 Rowland, Lloyd A.. BartleaviUe, OkU.
1922 RowUod, M. D., Libby, Mont.
1022 Rowaon, Walter, Tonopah, Nev.
1921 Royall, Samuel Jerome, Florence, S. 0.
1918 Boyon, Joseph O, Cleveland, Ohio.
1020 Royae. Samuel D., Terre Haute, Ind.
1919 Bxqrston, M. H., Galveaton, Taxaa.
1920 Roaaer, Edward A.. Farmington, Mo.
1909 Boaaelle, Frank F., Kansas City, Mo.
1022 Ruan, Salvador, San Juan, P. R.
1917 Ruark, Robert, Wilmington. N. O.
1921 Rubenatein, Julius B., Chicago, IlL
1011 Rubenstein, Philip, Boston. Mam.
1918 Rubin, George R., New York, N. Y.
1918 Rubin, J. Robert, New York, N. Y.
1921 Rubin, WilUam, ^yracuae, N. Y.
1921 Bubinkaro, Nathaniel, Chicago, HL
1911 Bubino, Henry A., New York, N. Y.
1990 Buby, Joaeph L., Detroit, Mich.
1921 Buch, Clinton J., New York, N. Y.
1020 Rucker. Roy W., SedalU, Mo.
1808 Bodd, William P., Albany, N. Y.
1912 Rudulph, Z. T.. Birmingham. Ala.
1922 Rue, Lara O., Minneapolia, Minn.
1922 Bueklerg, Benjamin P., Chicago, HI.
1914 Bufltai, Thomsa, Washington, D. G.
1904 Bugg, Arthur P., Woroeater, MaSL
1021 Rugg, Charlea B., Worcester, Masa.
1911 Bugglea, Daniel B., Beaton, Maas.
1905 Buhl, ChrlstUn H., Reading, Pa.
1918 Rumble, R. B., Norfolk, Va.
1918 Rmnmel, G. Albert, Cincinnati, Ohio.
1920 Rummel, Henry C, Detroit, Mich.
1922 Rmnmena, George H., Seattle, Wash.
846
AKKBICAK BAB ASSOCIATION.
1009 RummlCTt WfllUm R., Chicago, III.
1921 Bunali, Olareoce R., Niagara Falla,
N. Y.
1014 Roncie, Jamea E., Clereland. Ohio.
1910 Rundall, Charlea 0., Chicago. Til.
1016 Rundell. Olirer 8., lladlson. Wia.
1910 Bunk. Louia B., Philadelphia. Pa.
1015 Runkc Richard B., IferrilU Wla.
lins Rankle, Harry M., Columbua, Ohio.
168S Runnella, John 8.. Chicago, ni.
1021 Runyan, Merle U., Broken Bow, Keb.
19ie RunjTon, Henry W.. Jersey City. N. J.
190S Rupe, John L., Richmond, Ind.
1919 Rupp, Lawrence H.. Allentown, Pa.
1922 Rupp. Otto B., Seattle. Waah.
1918 Ruppenthal, Jacob C, Ruiaeil, Kanaaa.
1021 Ruah, O. Fred, Chicago. HI.
1912 Rush, Sylveater R.. Chicago, III.
1907 Ruah. Thomaa £., New York, *N. Y.
1915 Ruahnxire, Charlea B., New York, N. Y.
1911 Ruahton, Ray, Montgomery. Ala.
1922 Riiaaell, Antone B., Spokane. Waah.
1916 RnaBell. Arthur H., Boston. Maaa.
1911 RuaKll, Charlea A., Olouceater. Maaa.
1921 Russell, Charlea A., Haddam, Conn.
1914 Ruasell. Charlea T., New York, N. Y.
1917 RusMll, Edward, New York, N. Y.
1921 Ruaell, Elijah T., Poughkeepaie. N. T.
1914 Ruaaell, Prank P., Putnam. Conn.
1918 Ruaaell. Franklin J., Adrian. Mich.
1918 Ruaaell. Frederick C, New Haren, Conn.
1918 Ruuell. George 8.. Philadelphia. Pa.
1021 Ruaaell, H. A., Scott City. Kan.
1894 Ruasell. laaac P.. New York. N. Y.
1911 Ruaaell. J. Porter. Boston, Masa.
192D Ruaapn. Jamea W.. Hilo. Hawaii.
1916 Ruasell, John R.. Deadwood. & D.
1921 Ruaaell, Lawrence, Canton, N. Y.
1922 RuBMll. Michael J., Watertown, 8. D.
1922 Ruasell, Paria 8.. New York, N. Y.
1914 Ruasell. Philip W., New York. N. Y.
1914 Russell. R. B., Atlanta, Ga.
1919 Ruasell, Ruasell Coe. Great Bend, Ran.
1921 Russell, William E.. New York, N. Y.
1910 Rust, LIttell. Naahville. Tenn.
1922 Ruther, P. F. W., New York, N. Y.
1922 Rutherfoord, John, Richmond, Va.
1922 Rutherford, A. O., Naahville. Tenn.
1914 Rutherford, Charlea H., Jerome, Ariaona.
1022 Rutherford, Newton, Stockton, Oal.
1021 Rutherford, Robbina B., New York.
N. Y.
1915 Rutledge, Arthur M., Louiarine, Ky.
1918 Rutledge. B. H.. Charieaton. 8. C.
1917 Rutledge, Charlea W.. 8t. Louia. Mo.
1917 Rutledge, Thomaa O.. St. Louia, Mo.
1912 Ryall, Arthur H.. Eacanafaa. Mich.
1922 Ryall, George, New York, N. Y.
BLECTIB
1912 Ryan, Andrew J., Chicago, IB.
1907 Ryan. Charlea G., Grand laland. Nebr.
1918 Ryan. Charlea J., Brooklyn* N. Y.
1919 Ryan, Charlea P., Fall River, Maaa.
1922 Ryan, Daniel A., San Franciaco, OaL
1921 Ryan, Dennia J., CiBcimati, Ohio.
1916 Ryan, E. C, Aberdeen.' 8. D.
1921 Ryan, Frederick R., New York, N. T.
1922 Ryan, John Power, New York, N. T.
1021 Ryan, Leonard L., Audubon. Iowa.
1021 Ryan, Leonard O., Middletown, Ooim.
1018 Ryan, M. B.. Brainerd, Minn.
1918 Ryan, Michael A.. Indlanapolia, bid.
1022 Ryan, Michael F., Ohictgo, 111.
1018 Ryan. Michael 4.. Philadelphia, Pl
1007 Ryan, O'Neill, St. Louia, Mo.
1021 Ryan, Patrick J.. St. Paul. Mlim.
1020 Ryan, Raymond R., Silver City, M. M.
1021 Ryan, Richard F.. Denver, CoL
1022 Ryan. T. G., Portland, Ore.
1918 Ryan, l^omaa P.. Litchfield, Conn.
1914 Ryan, Thomaa F.. 9t. Joaeph. Ma.
1921 Ryan, Walter A., Cincinnati, ddb.
1919 Ryan, William, Madiaon, Wia.
1918 Ryan. William C, Doyleatown, P
1021 Rybum, F. M., Amarillo, Tezaa.
1017 Rybum, Robert L., Shelby, N. 01
1022 Rydalch, WiUUm Edward, Salt Lake
City, Utah.
1012 Ryden, Otto G., Chicago, IlL
1018 Ryder, Clayton, Carmel, N. Y.
1007 Ryder, Eraatua C, Bangor, Matan.
1016 Ryder. R. L.. Beaton, Maas.
1018 Rymer, Ralph W.. Scraaton, Pa.
1006 Ryon, Oacar B.. Streator, 111.
1000 Ryon. William W., Sharookin, Pa.
1022 Ryttenberg, Moaea R., New York, N. T.
1018 SaaU Irving R.. New Orleaaa, La.
1021 Sabath, A. J.. Chicago, TIL
1019 Sabath. Albert, Chicago, 111.
1921 Sabath, Albert, Chicago, m.
1912 Sabath, Joseph, Chicago, 111.
1921 Sabin, Edward M.. Denver, OoL
1907 Sabin, Fred A., La JunU, Cola
1909 Sabin, Leland H., Battle Creek, Mich.
1022 Sacha, Loui^ New York, N. Y.
1921 Sack, laidor. New York, N. Y.
1918 Saokett, Clarence, Newark, N. J.
1921 Backetl, H. E., Beatrice, Neb.
1907 Sackett. Henry W., New York. R. T.
1922 Sackmann, Charlea C, Denver, Colo.
1922 Sad, John, Oooperatown, N. D.
1921 ' Sadler, Daniel K., Raton, N. Meoi.
1921 Sadler, Monte H., Chicago, IlL
1921 Sadler, ^Iveater B., Oarliale, Pcnii.
1914 Sadtler, Howard P., BaltiUMsre. Md.
1922 SalTord, Orren E., MinneapoUak MIbb.
1907 Sage, Dean, New Ycvk, K. T.
ALFHABBnOAL USX OF MBUBEBS.
847
lOtl Sagtr, ISdwird A«, WaTcr^jr, Iowa.
1914 8afD. J. O.. NMhT{Ile.- Ark.
19K2 Saint, Percy, Franklin, La.
1918 Bt Olair, Clency, Idaho Falls, Idaho.
1914 St. Clair-AbninM. Alex, JackwUTUle, FU.
192S St. Olair, Edwartl, Ohicafo* 111.
1910 St. John, Charles J.. Bristol, Tenn.
19tl St John, B. Morgan, Ithaca, N. T.
1922 St John. T. Raymond, New York, N. T.
1922 Salant, UmUs, New York, N. Y.
1921 Sale, Qraham, Welch, W. Va.
191« Sale, lloaca N.. St. Louis, Mo.
1921 Sslea. Ororer O., Louisfille, Kj.
1922 Salca, Harry N., Denver, Oolo.
1922 Sslingcr, L. H., Oarroil, Iowa.
1922 Salisbmr, A. N.. Reno, Nev.
1921 Sallibury, Gharlei E., ProTidence, R. I.
1916 Ssliibury, Frank L., Chicago, ill.
1921 Salisbuiy, Stuart M., Loo Angeles, OsJ.
1916 Salkej, J. Sidney. St Louis. Ma
1914 BalinoD, Jodras R.. Monistown, N. J.
1912 Sslshury. Ellas D., Indlsnapolis. Ind.
1922 Sslter, Tlioinas J. D., Reno, Ney.
1922 Saltman, B«nard P., Bridgeport, Conn.
1919 teltonstsll. Bndieott P.. Bohioq. Mass.
1911 SsItonaUll. Richsrd M., Boston. Mass.
19tl SaltsBMn, Samuel, New York, N. Y.
1921 Salway, Fred R., Portland, Oreg.
1917 SshEStein. Benjamin F., Milwaukee. Wis.
1919 Sames, Albert Morris, Tombstone, Arls.
1921 SammcC. Hany, New York, N. Y.
1916 Ssromis. Elmer G., New York, N. Y.
1922 Sample, E. P., San Diego, Oal.
1922 Sanpaell, Paul W., Loe Angeles, Csl.
1921 Sampeelle, L. A., Williamaon, W. Va.
1916 Sampeon. Harry Leharon, Boston. Mass.
1914 Sampeon, Henry B.. Dea. Uoines. Iowa.
1918 SaoipsQO, JoMph Oromwell, Denver.
Ooh>.
19U Ssms, Andrew Fuller, WIneton-Sslem,
N. a
1921 Samson, Edwin D., Dee Moines, lows.
1922 Santer, Samuel M., Ssn Francisco. Oa).
1911 Samuel, David B., Shreveport. La.
1922 Samuela, A. Bertram. New York, N. Y.
1919 Samnels, Benjamin John. Chicago. HI.
1922 Ssmuels, Jaoob, Ssn Francisco, Gal,
1921 Samuels, Julius R., Oincinnsti, Ohio.
1922 Samuela, Marcus L., Ssn Prandsoo. Oal.
1900 Ssmuels, Sidney L., Fort Worth, Texss.
1918 Ssnbom, Bruce W.. St. Psul, Minn.
1906 Sanbora. F^Iward P.. St. Psul. Minn.
1907 Sanborn, Frederick R.. Putnam, Conn,
ion Sanborn, H. H., San Francisco, Oal.
1907 Ssnbore, John Bell. Madison, WIs;
1916 Ssnborn, Lauren M.. Portland. Me.
199S Stnbora, Walter H., St. Psul, Mian.
19tl Ssnden, Otfl E., Lincoln, Neb.
1918 Sanders, Clarence E., Cleveland. Ohio.
1921 Sanders, Frederick M., New York, N. T.
1920 Sanders, Gilbert. Trinidad, Cok>.
1921 Sanders, Hartley, Princeton, W. Va.
1014 Ssnden, J. M., Center, TezasL
1907 Ssnders, J. O. &, Jackson, Miss.
iri4 Ssnders, John A., Csiaon. Nevada.
191 i Ssnders. Joseph M., Bluefleld, W. Va.
1807 Senders, W. B., Cleveland, Ohioi
1917 Sanders. W. W., Elbs, Als.
1920 Sanders, Wslter 0., New York, N. Y.
1922 Sanderson, A. A., Ssn Francisco, Cat
1922 Sanderson, Benjamin B., Porland, Me.
1919 Sanderson, George A., Littleton. Mass.
1919 Sanderson, James Gsrdner, Scraaton, Pa.
1922 Sanderson, M. B., Texarkana, Ark.
1912 Sanderson, Thomss A., Sturgeon Bay.
Wis.
1922 Sandige, W. P., Owensboro, Ky.
1910 Sandler, Harry N., Tampa, Fla.
1917 Sandlin. Joel M.. Duncan, Okla.
1918 Sando. M. F.. Scrsntnn, Pa.
1021 Sands, A. S., Pswhuska. Okla.
1919 Ssnds. Alexander H.. Richmond. Va.
1912 Ssner, John C, Dallss, Texas.
1904 Saner. Robert E. Lee. Dallas, Texaa.
1910 Sanford, Allan D., Wsco, Texss.
1806 Sanford, Edwsrd T., Knoxville, Temt
1916 Ssnford. Elmer B., New York. N. Y.
1907 Sanford. Ferdinand V., Warwick. N. T.
1922 Sanford, George L., Carson Oity, Nev.
1921 Sanford, James F., Colorado Sprtaga.
Col.
1918 Sanford, John L., Balthnore. Md.
1917 Ssnson. R. H., Knoxville. Tenn.
1922 Santibanes, Jose Ramiree, San Juan,
P. R.
1919 Sentry, Arthur J.. Boston. Mass
1922 Ssperston. Willard W.. Buffalo, N. T.
1921 Sapiro, Milton D., San Francisco, OsL
1917 Sspp. Oscsr L.. Greensboro. N. C
1914 Sspp, Sidney. Hotbrook. Arieona.
1911 Sappfngton, Augustine De R.. Baltimore.
Md.
1914 Sappington, Edwsrd H.. Baltimore, Md.
1911 Ssppington. O. Ridgely, Baltimore. Md.
1922 Sarsu, George A., Riverside. Osl.
1921 Ssrchet, Fancher. Fort Oollins, Colo.
1921 Ssrgesnt, W. H., Jr.. Norfolk, Vs.
1914 Sargent, F. W., Chicago. 111.
1921 Sargent, George Clark, San Frandseo,
Oal.
1921 Sargent. George McC., Boston, Maa^
1911 Sargent. John G.. Ludlow, Vt.
1921 Sargent, Thornton W., Wichita, Kas.
1918 Sasse, Frank G.. Austin. Minn.
1914 Sater, John E., Columbus. Ohiow
1918 Sater, Lowiy F., Columbus, Ohioi.
848
AMERICAN BAB ABSOGIATION.
IMS Satcrlteld, Dire B., Jr., Richmond, T&.
lOlS SitterfleM, James If., Dorer, Del.
1918 8fttt«rlee, Herbert L., New York. N. T.
im Sitterlee, Roiooe, Mitdiell, S. D.
1021 SattcrthwBite, Linton. Trenton, N. J.
1914 Battertlmite, Reuben, Jr., Wilmington,
DeL
1913 Stuerwein. B. Allan. Jr., Baltimore, Md.
1921 Saul, J. P., Jr., Salem, Va.
1914 Saul, John A., Waahinfton. D.O.
1918 Saul, MauHce B.. PhlladelphU, Pa.
1918 Saul, Walter B.. Philadelphia, Pa.
1922 SauUberry, Qeorge W., Seattle, Waah.
1886 Saulaburj, Wniard, Wilmington, Del.
1914 Saundera, O. G.. Ooundl BluHb, Iowa.
1917 Saundera, J. N., Stanford, Kjr.
1918 Saundera, Walter R.. St. Lonli, Mo.
1900 Sfeuter. L. B., Oiicago, HI.
1922 Sauter, Rajrmond L., Sterling, Oolo.
1921 Sautfaoir, Harry, ICadiaon, Wla.
1922 SaTage, Oharlea 0., Jr., Philadelphia,
Pa.
1922 StTage, Dwight L., El Dorado, Ark.
1921 Savage, John H., Joliet, HI.
1922 Saytga, Maiy Wallace, Austin, Texas.
1922 Savage, Toy D., Norfolk, Va.
1919 Savary, E. H., Boston, Mass.
1918 Sawdey. David A.. Erie. Pa.
1916 Sawtelk, William H., Tucson. Aria.
1916 Sawyer, Abial B., Jr., Salt Lake City.
Utah.
1891 Sawyer, Alfred P., Lowell. Mass.
1914 Sawyer. Carlo* P., Chicago, 111.
1921 Sawyer, Charles, Cincinnati, Ohio.
1907 Sawyer, Clarence B., Portland, Maine
1912 Sawyer, Cleon J., New York, N. T.
1916 Sawyer, Harold M., San Prandaco, Gkl.
1902 Sawyer, Hasen 1., Keokuk, Iowa.
1918 Sawyer, J. Ashby, Union, S. C.
1914 Sawyer, John Everett, Hudson Falls,
N. T.
1921 Sawyer, Louis B., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1921 Sawyer, Meyer J., Boston, Mass.
1918 Sswyer, S. Nelson, Palmyra, N. T.
1921 Sawyer, Samuel W., Kansas City, Mo.
1921 Sawyer, Ward B., Bvanston, HI.
1916 Sawyer, William H., Concord, N. H.
1922 Saze, John Godfrey, New York. N. Y.
1904 Saxe, John W.. Worcester. Maai.
1921 Saxe, Martin, New York, N. Y.
1916 Saxton, Howard, Omaha, Nebr.
1920 Saxton. Irvin S.. KnoxviUe. Tenn.
1922 Saye, J. N., Little Rode. Ark.
1922 Saye, W. T., Little Rock, Ark.
1982 Sayles, Edward R, Guthrie Center,
Iowa.
1920 Saylor, Arthur D., Huntington, Ind.
1914 "B*^ Charies H., Phlladelphiii, Pa.
1917 Sayni, WHHaai 8., Jr., Detroit, Midi.
1912 Scaife, TUtul L.. Washington. D. C.
1886 Scaife, Laurlston L., Boston, MaMi
1920 Scallen, John P.. Detroit, Mich.
1896 Scalkm, William, Helena. MonL
1921 Scammdl, Soott, Trenton, N. J.
1918 Soammon, John. Exeter, N. H.
1916 Scandrett, B. W., St. Paul. Minn.
1906 Scandrett, Henry A., Omaha, NA.
1919 Scanlan, RIckham, Chicago, IB.
1919 ScanUn, Patrick J., Rochester, Mliu.
1921 Scanlon, John A., OIndnnatI, Ohio.
1918 Scanlon, Michael J., New York, N. T.
1921 Scannell, J. Frank, Boston, Maas^
1918 Scarborough, D. C, Natohltocfaea, Ln.
1922 Scairltt, A. D., Kanata City, Mo.
1914 Scarritt, WllUan C, Kanns aty, Mol
1921 Scatca, Arthur C, Dodge City, Kan.
1914 Schaadt, Jsmea L., Allentowtt, Pa. -
1912 Schaap, Michael, New York. N. Y.
1921 Schaberg. Marvin, Kalamazoo, Mtefa;
1916 Schaefer, Albert A., Boston. Msasi
1914 Schaefer. Carl W., Cleveland, Ohkk.
1921 Schaefer, Peter P., Champaign, HI.
1917 Schalfer, Franklin Pierce, New Boditflc.
N. Y.
1907 Sduffer, William I., Phlladdphia, Pa.
1918 Schaffner, Arthur B., Chicago, HL ■
1921 Schaffner, Margaret Anna, OUcigo, 111.
1921 Schaffner, Walter, New York, N. T.
1918 Schall, Anthoqy X., Jr., Mlmwapolla.
Minn.
1918 SchaB. W. A., Omaha. Nebr.
1921 Sdialler, Albert, St. Paul, Mian.
1921 Schamcr, Albert D., New York, N. T.
1921 Sduper, WllUam a. Broken Bow, K*.
1982 Schapiro, Bsmond, San Frandaco^ CU.
1982 Schapiro, J., New York, N. Y.
1921 Schaipa, Albert T., New Yoi^ N. Y.
1916 Schauber, A. B., Laurel, Miss.
1921 Schauer, B. Rey, Los Angelea. OaL
1922 Schauer, Fted H., Santa Barbara. Oal.
1921 Schaombefg, William H., St Louia, Mo.
1922 Sduupp, John Martin, Jr., Fort Dodtge,
Iowa.
1919 Sekeehter, Jacob. New York, R. T.
1916 Scheeline, Isaiah, Altoona, Pa.
1919 Schetn, & B., Madlaon, Wla.
1918 Schell, William L, Boaton. Mmb.
1920 Scfaelp. Walter P., St. Loais. Mo.
1921 Schenck, Frederick P., New Toilc,
1921 Schenk, Casper. Des Moines, lofwm.
1912 Scherr, Harry, Williamson, W. Ta.
1918 ScMek. Jamea P., Washington, D. O.
1921 Schiepan, William, Chicago, HI.
1921 Schiff, Jacob R., New York, N. T.
1918 Schlmpf, nieodore W., Atlantic OHgr,
N. J.
ALPHABBTICAL LIST OF MSHBBBS.
849
19IS SdilDdel,. JotaD BaidoliAi, auctniuiti, O.
im flehlabtcb> Otto IL, La Ora«e, Wis.
Ifln Sehldiotr, Hue, N«w Tork, N. T.
flclilfidnfer, ABundi, Sun Fnnciico,
CO,
SdilMiogvr, Bert, 8u rmieiMo, Oil.
10U Schledngtr, B1intr» Chteago, 111.
1982 8cUtiii«er, Iddore B.» New York, N. T.
1922 ScUobohm, Otto A., Wariiington, D. C.
1921 SehtofmAD, Arthur, Oalliart, Tncai.
19tl: Bchlow, NormAn P. S., New Tork, N. T.
1917 gchmldt. Ptul H., BvanMrille, tnd.
1911 Schmidt. PMHp a. Dtiluth, MiBa.
1921 Schnldt, Ruben 9., Los Angeles, Oil.
1921 Bchndtt, Walter, Oneinnatt, Ohio.
•1914 Sckmook, John, Sprlnffleld, llo.
1912 flchmnck, Peter, New York, N. T.
1921 Sefamnek, Thomas Kirby, New York,
N. Y.
1921 Sbhmnlowlts, Nat., San Frnncisco, Oil.
1921 Schmuts, bhil Wm., Chicago, m.
1922 Schneider, Rrederiek, Palo Alto. Chi.
1990 Schneider, Wm. R., St. Louis, Mo.
1917 Schneiderhahn, Edward V. P., St. Louis.
Mo.
1921 Schoenfeld. Frank, Chicago, Wis.
1920 Schoetx. Max. Jr., Milwaukee, Wf«.
1921 Schofleld, Bmma Fall, Maiden, Mass.
1982 Scholer, Jacob. New York. K. Y.
1919 Scholle, Gustare, Washington, d! C.
1919 Schoonmaker, Frederick P., Bradford,
Pa.
1921 Schoonmaker, Herbert 8.. New York,
N. Y.
1912 Schoonorer, Albert, Ohula Vista, Ohl.
1915 Schoonorer, Frank S., Chicago, 111.
1915 Scboonorer, Manford. Gamett, Kan.
1914 Bchoor, David P., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1921 Schram. Otto B., CXiicago. 111.
1914 Schramm. Arnold O.. New York, N. Y.
1921 Sdireiber, Benjamin F., New York,
N. Y.
1918 Sehreiber, George 0., New York. N. Y.
1921 Sehreiber, Oscar, New Orleans, Ls.
1981 Sehreiber. R. B., Ohicago, 111.
1920 Schrenk, Frank H., Philadelphia. Ps.
1922 Schriber. Bishop H., St. Paul, Minn.
1922 Schroeder. Baldwin. St. Paul. Minn.
1921 Sehroth, George £., Tiffin, Ohio.
1911 Schnbrlng. IS. J. B., Madison. Wis.
1921 Schuck, Chsrles J., Wheeling. W. Va.
1914 Schulder. RuskII G., Salt Lake City.
UUh.
1921 Schulte, Harold O.. Houghton. Mich.
1982 Schultz, H. F., Minneapolis, Minn.
1912 Schulta, John H.. Denver. Colo.
1914 ScfanltE, MaWem B.. Cleveland, Ohio.
1918 Sdink, Rudolph F., Ivanhoe, Mian.
1922
1919
1911
1981
1907
1921
1916
1917
1916
1916
1922
1922
1917
1920
1921
1921
1922
1921
1921
1918
1921
19n
1912
1920
1920
1921
1916
1921
1982
1919
1022
1922
1919
1919
1922
1921
1922
1805
1920
1901
1921
1922
1912
1919
1906
1922
1916
1918
1918
1921
1918
1922
1914
Sdiunck, Dorothea, San Frandaco, OaL
Schnpp, Robert W.. Chicago, ill.
Sohorman, Oeorge W., New York, N. Y.
Schurts, Shelly B., Grand Rapida, Mich.
SchuR, Chrl L., New York. N. Y.
Schusttr, Bdward, New York. N. Y.
SchtttB, Walter a, Hartford, Coim.
Schurler, Daniel J., Jr., Chicago, HL
Schujler, Karl O., Denver. Colo.
SchuTlcr, Walter F., Denver, Colo.
Schwab, Joseph S., New York, N. Y.
Schwarer, Frank B., Ohicago, 111.
Schwarte, John A. T., Saratoga Springs,
N. Y.
Sehwarts, A. L., Chioago, III.
Sohwarts, Albert W., Cincinnati, Ohio.
Sehwarts, Charles P., Chicago, lU.
Sehwarts, David. Golden Valler. N. D.
Sehwarts, Bdward S., New York, N. Y.
Sehwarts, Jacob J., Chicago, HI.
Sehwarts, Louis J.. New York. N. Y.
Sehwarts, Uljsses S.. Chicago, III.
Schwartsdiild, Monroe M., New York,
N. Y.
Schwars, Ralph J., New Orleans, Ls.
Schwsrsenbsch, Edgar H., St. Louis. Me.
Schwsrzkopf, Sidney C, Manils, P. I.
Schwebel, Jscob J., New York. N. Y.
Schweiser, A. L., St. Louis. Mo.
Schwenck, Lawrence S., Mannington,
W. Ta.
Schwing, C. K., Plaquemine, La.
Scofleld. Timothy J.. Chicago, IB.
Scott, A. L., Pioche. Nev.
Scott, Alfred A., Topeka. Kansss.
Scott, Austin W., Cambridge. Mass.
Scott, B. F., Pawhuska. Okla.
Scott, Edward Preston, Corpus Christi,
Scott, Frsnds. Pateison. N. J.
Scott, Frank C, Cleveland, Ohk).
Scott, Frank H., Chicogo. III.
Scott, Hsrold H., Memphis, Tenn.
Scott, Jsmes B., Wsshington, D. C.
Scott. Jsmes W. B., Port Townsend,
Wssh.
Scott, James Wslter, San Francisco, Cal.
Scott, John, Jr.. Philadelphia. Ps.
Scott. John Reed, Wsshington, D. C.
Scott, Joseph. Los Angeles, Cal.
Scott. Paul R., Miami, Fla.
Scott. Paul W., Huntington. W. Va.
Scptt, R. B., Chicago, HI.
Scott, Robert T.. Cambridge, Ohio.
Scott, Robert T., Washington, D. C.
Scott, Rufus L., New York, N. Y.
Scott, RusKll, Salinas, Osl.
Scott, Ssmnel B., Philadelphia. Pa.
850
AMERICAK BAB ASSOCIATION.
1910
1913
1922
1915
1921
1919
191S
1922
1921
1914
1922
1914
1914
1920
1900
1922
1913
1913
1911
1912
1921
1913
1921
1914
1904
1921
1913
1918
1922
1891
1922
1920
1912
1914
1911
1920
1908
1911
1914
1914
1921
1918
1922
1912
1910
1921
1921
1916
1922
1921
1914
1921
1912
1922
1922
1918
Soott, Samuel P.. Hillaboro. Ohio.
Scott. Thomas, Bakerafleld, Cal.
Scott, Thomas B., Modesto, OaL
Scott, Tully. Denver. Colo.
Scott, Walter A., Gbicaso. ni.
Scott, William R., Pittsburffh. Pa.
Scruffham. W. Warburton, Yoakers,
N. T.
Scudder, Townsend, New York, N. Y.
Scully, Arthur II., Pittsburgh, Pena.
Scallj, Cornelius D.. Pittsburgh, Pa.
Scully, Raymond J., New York, N. T.
Sea. John A.. Independence, Mo.
Seaberg, Hugo, Raton, N. M.
Seaborg, Henry P.. Detroit, Mich.
Seabrook, Paul E.. Savannah. Oa.
Seabrook, Wilber R., Erie, Pa.
Seabury, F. W., Brownsville, Texas.
Seabuxy, Samuel. New York, N. Y.
Seabury, William M.. New York. N. Y.
Seager, Frank E., Fremont, Ohio.
Seale, Thomas F., Livingston, Ala.
Seaman, Warren C, Mineola, N. T.
Searcy, James B., Springfield, 111.
Searcy, W. N., Durango, Colo.
Searcy, William W., Brenham. Texaa.
Searl, Clinton M., Portsmouth, Ohio.
Searle, Alonzo T., Honesdale, Pa.
Searles, J. Rolf, St. Johnsbury. Vt.
Searls, Carroll, Nevada City, Cal.
Searls. Charles E.. Thompson, Conn.
Searls, Robert M., San Francisco, OaL
Sears, Burton P., Chicago, III.
Sears, Charles B.,. Buffalo. N. Y.
Sears, Charles W., Omaha, Nebr.
Seara, George B.. Salem, Maaa.
Sears. Kenneth C. Columbia, Mo.
Sears, Nathaniel C, Lake Geneva, Wia.
Sears, William R.. Boston, Mass.
Seasongood, Clifford, New York. N. Y.
Seasongood, Murray, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Seaver, Byron D., Los Angeles, Cal.
Seavey, Warreo A., Lincoln, Neb.
Seawell, Emmet, Santa Rosa, Cal.
Seawell, Herbert P.. Carthage. N. a
Seay, Edward T., Nashville, Tenn.
Seay, W. F., Dallas, Texas.
Sebbatina, Peter L. F., New York, N. Y.
Sebree. Sam B., Kamias City, Mo.
Seclow, Alexander, Bayonne, N. J.
Secrist, William B., Pittsburgh, Penn.
Sedwick John E., Martinsville, Ind.
See, 0. P., Jr., Louiss, Ky.
See, Cornelius S., Chicago, 111.
See, Robert M./ Chicago, Dl.
Seeds, William P., Reno, Nev.
Seeger, Albert H. F., Newburgh, N. Y.
SesgniUcr, William A., Owoaso, Mich.
■LBCTBD
921 Seeman, B«rDard J., PeBi.ei, ObL
921 Seery, Edward L., WateitNiry, Conn.
914 SeibeU. John T., Oolvmbia, 8. C.
921 Seibert, William H., New York, N. Y.
921 Seidman, Irwin W., Chicago, IIL
922 Seidman, Joseph W., New York, M. Y.
921 Seifert, Alexander, Springfield, Mina.
921 Seifert, Wm. A., Plttrtmrgh, Pena.
918 Seller, Oicar J.. Jamestown, N. D.
921 Seits, Mamice W., Portland, Oteg.
1921 Selby, Edward M., Loa Angelct, Oal.
922 Selby, John R., San Franciaoo, Oal.
918 Selfridge. Arthur J., Boston. Mass
921 Selfridge, Calvin F., Ltaa, Ohio.
,921 Seligman, Eustace, New York, N. Y.
920 Seligsbeiv. Walter N., New York. N. Y.
922 Selleck, Oharles Elliott, Chicago, UL
896 Sellers, Emory B., Monticello, UA
919 Sellers, Ksthryn, Washington, D. O.
910 Selligman, Alfred. Louisville, Ky.
911 Selover, George R.. MinncapoUa, Warn.
921 Selph. Ewald B., Manfla, P. L
918 Sefaser, Robert J., Cleveland, Ohfo.
913 Semmea, John E., Jr., Baltimora, IM.
918 Semple, Lorenzo, New York, N. Y.
922 Sena, Harry, New York, N. Y.
912 Seneff, E. U., Pittsburgh, Pa.
920 Seney, George E., Toledo, O.
912 Senior, Edwin W., Salt Uke City. Utah.
016 Sepfllveda, Domingo, Ponce. Porto Hfcsoi.
921 Sercomb, Charles R., Chicago, IIL
921 Serrell, Arthur H., New York, N. Y.
913 Seasions, C. W., Grand Rapida, MIeh.
921 Seasler, David, New Orleans, La.
921 Setright, Jsmes C Syracuse, N. Y.
906 Settle, Warner EUmore, Bowling Qraea,
Ky.
920 Setzler, Edward A., Kansas City. Mo.
906 Severance, C. A., St. Paul, Mlaa.
922 Severance, Lewia, Minneapolis, Mian.
907 Sewall, Harold M., Bath. Maine.
913 Sewell. Albert H., Walton, N. Y.
922 Sex, James P., San Jose, Oal.
007 Sexton, James a, Hazlehurst, Mia.
921 Sexton, John J., St. Paul, Minn.
902 Sexton, Pliny T., Palmyra, N. Y.
921 Sexton, William Henry, Chicago, UL
021 Seymour, Charlea M., KnoxvilU, Teaa.
913 Seymour, Daniel. New York. N. Y.
921 Seymour, Flora Warren, Chicago, m.
922 Seymour, John B., New York, N. Y.
907 Seymour, Origen S., New York, K. Y.
912 Shabad. Henry M., Chicago, HI.
019 Shackelford, T. F., Okmulgee, Okla.
920 Shackleford, Sprigf, Gunnisoa, Colft.
912 Shackleford, T. M., Jr., Tampa. Fla.
922 fiEhaefer, George W., Spokane, Wash.
922 Shaeifer, Fred A., SanU Maria, Oal.
ALPHABErriOAL LIST OF H13CBSB8.
851
1920 Shafcr, A. B., Memphis. Teno.
1928 Shafer, Oeorge F., Bisnarck, N. D.
19S1 SbalTer, G«orge Julian, Pltttburgli,
Pesn.
1918 Shaffer, Jacob H., Kew York. N. T.
19X1 Shaffner, B. 1I.» Ohfctgo. III.
1919 Sbafroth. Monriaon. Denver, Colo.
1919 Shafne, Maurice L.. New York. N. Y.
19n 8ha]ck« Bernard A., New York, N. Y..
1919 Shamel, Charlea H., Sprin^eld, 111.
1909 Sbanda, A. W.. Cleveland. Mte.
1921 Shane, Oedl, Paragould. Ark.
1917 Shannon. Anirus Roj. Chicago. 111.
1921 Shannon, Charlea R., Laurel, Mlaa.
1921 Shannon, B. A., Mexico. Ho.
1921 Shannon, F. E., Pineville. W. Va.
1921 Shannon, Henry B., Bridgeport, Conn.
1922 Shannon, Michael F., Loa Angelea. Gal.
1921 Shannon, Nell J., Chicago, 111.
191S Shannonhooae, William T., Norfolk, YaL
1912 Shapira, Samuel 8., PittPburgfa, Pa.
Ifl4 Shapiro, Charles H.. Bridgeport, Conn.
1922 Shapiro, Isadore, New York, N. Y.
1917 Shapiro, Joteph O., Bridg(»port. Conn.
1922 Shapiro^ L. H., San Fcandaco, OaL
1921 Sharker, R. W., Florence. S. O.
1922 Sharp, Edgar B., Moorhead, Minn.
1918 Sharp, J. F.. Oktahoma dtj. Okla.
1980 Sharp. John F., Jr., Oklahoma City,
Okla.
1921 Sharp. Ralph J., Chicago, 111.
1920 9harpe. Merrell Quentin. Oacoma. 8 D.
1914 Sharpe, Walter K., Chamb4>r«lMtrg. Pa.
1913 Sharpateen, W. C, San FranHaro. Cal.
1908 Sharpetein. John L., Walla Walla, Waah.
1922 Shartel, Burke, Ann Arbor, Mich.
1920 Shartel, K. W., Oklahoma Oity, Okla.
1921 Shattuck, A. O., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1922 Shattnek, Edwin P., New York, N. Y.
1911 Shatturk. Henry Lee. Bnatnn, Maaa.
1918 Shattuck. Normaui LaFayette. Oa.
1918 Shaw. A. E.. San Ftanriaro. Cal
1922 Shaw, Arrin B., Jr., Loa Angelea, Oal.
1918 Shaw, a W., Mandan, N. D.
1921 Shaw, Oarleton B., Syracuae, N. Y.
1921 Shaw, David L.. Cleveland. O.
1906 Shaw, Frank W., Minneapolis, Minn.
1M9 Shaw, Fred R., Adama, Masa.
1911 5aiaw. Oeonre E.. Pirtalmrvrh. Pa.
1912 Shaw. Harry. Fatmtont. W. Va.
1918 Shaw. Henrv Bigelow. Rur1lngt«ni. Yt.
1922 Shaw, Locien, San Franciaeo, Oal.
1919 Shaw Ralph M.. Chicago. 111.
1921 Shaw. Robert A.. New York, N. Y.
1921 Shaw, Thomas J.. Oeeenahoro. N. C.
1921 Shay, Arthur H.. Btmtor. HI.
1922 Shajr, Burton A., St. Paul, Minn.
1915 Sbetv Mm, Canaadaigua, N. Y.
EIECnEO
I 1921 Shea, Joa. H., Indianapolis, Ind.
1913 Shea. Thomaa D., Wilkea-Barre, Pa.
1922 Shea, Thomaa F., Billings, Mont.
1912 Shea, William F., Aahland. Wia.
1921 Shea, William H., Boaton. Maal.
1915 Shealor, John W., Colondo Sprtnga,
Colo.
1906 Shear, a D., OkUhoma City. OklA.
1906 Shearer, Jamca D., Minneapolis, Minn.
1911 Sheam. Clarence J.. New York, N. Y.
1914 Sheean. Frank T., Galena, 111
1919 Sheean, Henry D.. Chicago. lit
1809 Sheean, Jamea B.* Chicago, IlL
1906 Sheean. Jamca M., Chicago. IlL
1919 Sheean, John A., Chicago, 111.
1919 Sbeehan, John Louia, Boston, Maas.
1922 Sheehy* Edna J., Washington, D. 0.
1916 Sheen, Jamea Morgan, New York, N. Y.
1916 Sheenan. Frederick M. J.. Boaton. MaA
1916 Sheetx, Frank. Chillicothe, Ho.
1918 Sheffield. James R., New York, N. T.
1916 Shehan, Wm. Mason. Eaaton, Md.
1922 Shelbourne, R. M., Bard well, Ky.
1928 Sheldon, Edward M., LowvUle, N. Y.
1907 Sheldon. Edward W.. Nfw York. N. Y.
1916 Sheldon. Harriaon T.. New Haven, Conn.
1911 Sheldon, Heniy N., Boaton. Maaa.
1918 Sheldon, Nelson L., Boston, Maaa.
1921 Shell, Brooka E., Lancaater, Ohio.
1917 Shellabarger, Joaeph M.. New York,
N. Y.
1921 Shelton, George P.. Butte, Mont.
1910 Shelton, H. R, Washington, D. a
1920 Shelton. Nat. M., Mscon, Mo.
1900 Shelton, Thomaa Wall, Norfolk, Va.
1021 Shelton, W. C, Loa Angelea, OaL
1922 Shelton, Walter, San Francisoo, OaL
1922 Shenk, John W., Loa Angelea, OaL
1889 Shepard. Charlea B.. Seattle. Waah.
1921 Shepard, John E., Oovington. Ky.
1908 Shepard, Stuart G.. Chicago. III.
1981 Shepard, Winfred C, Allison, Iowa.
1916 Shepherd. George 8.. Portland. Ore.
1922 Shepherd, Howard F., Loa Angeles, OaL
1921 Shepherd, Hugh. Detroit, Mich.
1921 Shepherd, Robert E. Lee, Phoenix.
Arizona.
1921 Shepherd. W. C, Hamilton, Ohio.
1922 Shepherd, Wallace, Sacramento, OaL
1921 Shepler, Joaep^h B., Coshocton, Ohio.
1915 Shepley. John F . St. Louis. Mo
1021 Sheppard, Chester A., Portland, Oreg.
1920 Sheppard. J. C. Poplar Bluff, Mo
1915 Sheppard. James G.. Fort Scott. Kana.
1922 Shepp«rd, Walter C, New York. N. Y.
1916 Sher. Louis B.. St. Louia. Mo.
1919 Sherblne. Alvin. Johnstown. Pa.
1821 Sbarbvna. Edward N., Chicago. HI.
852
AlCERIOAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
1919 Sheridan, Bemud L., Paola, Kul
1014 Sheridan. Frank M., Paola, Kane.
1907 Sheridan. Hanr O., Frankfort, Ind.
1918 Sheridan, Thomaa F.. Chicago. HI.
1919 Shtfrier. Joeepb T.. Waahlngton, O. a
1921 Sberin, Arthur L.. Watertown, 8. D.
1S09 Sherley. Swagar. Loularille. Ky.
1922 Sherlock. Alva S., Concord^ OU.
1921 Sherlock. John J., Chicago. 111.
1914 Sherman. Adrian P., Kaneaa dfcr. Ifa
1920 Sherman, Alfred L.. Borlington. Yt.
1912 Sherman. CSiarles P., Hartford, Conn.
1907 Sherman, Gordon B., llorriatown, N. J.
1911 Sherman, P. Tecumaeh, New York. N. T.
1916 Sherman, Roger, Chicago. 111.
1082 Sherman, Roger, San Frandaco, Oil.
1919 Shennan, Roger S., Talaa, Ofcla.
1906 Sherman. Roland H., Boaton, Ifaaa.
1921 Sherman, Thomaa A., New York, N. Y.
1916 Shem, Daniel J., Philadelphia, Pa.
1900 Sherriff, Andrew R., Chicago, HI.
1915 Sherriff. John C, Pittahurgh. Pa.
1911 Sherrill, Charles H., New York, N. Y.
1916 Sherwin, Frederic L., Colorado Springa,
Colo. •
1922 Sherwin, William A., Chicago, III.
1911 Sherwood, Carl G., Clark, S. D.
1918 Sherwood, Paul J., Wilkee-Barre, Pa.
1021 Sherwood, Ray p., York, Penn.
1921 Shettler, John Benry, Silver City. N. If.
1921 Shewmake, Oscar L., Surry, Va.
1910 Shick, Robert P., Philadelphia, Pa.
1920 Shiek, William H., Detroit. Mich.
1919 Shields, Charles A.. St. Johnsbury. Vt.
1919 Shields, Dan. B., Salt Uke City, Utah.
1018 Shields, Edmund C, Lansing, Mich.
1896 Shields, James M.. Pittsburgh, Pa.
1921 Shields, John Franklin, Philadelphia,
Penn.
1914 Shields, John K., Washington. D. C.
1922 Shields, Roy F., Salem. Ore.
1921 ShienUg, Bernard L., New York. N. Y.
1920 Shier, Samuel W., Detroit, Mich.
1918 Shifflet, James Glenn, Grinnel, Iowa.
1020 Shimans, Samuel,. Detroit, Mich.
1914 Shine, P. C. Spokane, Wash.
1922 Shiner, D. A.. Wena tehee, Wa«h.
1921 Shinn, George C, Washington, D. C.
1800 Shipraan. George M., Belridere. N. J.
1021 Shipp, 8. W. G., Florence, S. O.
1878 Shiras, George. Jr.. Pittsburgh, Pa.
1914 Shirley, C. C, Indianapolia. Ind.
1919 Shfveley, Dudley Morion. South Bend.
Ind.
1921 ShIiTek, Max. New York, N. Y.
1921 Shoemaker, Clyde C, Los Angeles, Oal.
1917 Shoemaker. Frank C, Fort Worth. Texas.
1921 Shoemaker, Murray M., dnduuitl, Ohio,
1918 Sboemakv, William H.. PhUnddphia.
Pa.
lOtI Sholtaer, Price, Little Bock, Ark.
1921 Shohl, Waiter M., Oindnnati, Ohio.
1918 Sholara, AllaSp Monroe, La.
1921 Sholes, William H., Waahingtoo, D. a
1921 Sbolts, David, Dajrtona, Fla.
1914 Sbomo, William A., Readhig, Fa.
1921 Shonka, & V., Cedar Rapids, lowm.
1021 Shook, Ghcflter R., Oinctanati, Olila.
1922 Shore, Samuel Louis, MinneapoUa, MIbb.
1919 Sbony, Clyde K., Chicago, UL
1022 Short, Edward a, Reno, Ner.
1020 Short, Oeoign F., OUahoraa CItj, Okla.
1022 Short, John Douglaa, Saa Fiaadsoo, Ofel.
1914 Short, Myron D., Oanandaigua, N. T.
1916 Shortail. John L., Chicago, UL
1918 Shortridge, Samuel M., Washlnctcm,
D. 0.
1822 Sborts, Bruoe O., Seattle, Wash.
1920 Shotts, Heuy Allen, Meridian. Mis.
1919 Shoup, Arthur O., Jnnaau, Alas.
1921 Shoup, Ouy ▼., Saa Firancisco, OU.
1921 Shoup, Maioni, Zeoia, Ohio.
1912 Shoyer, Frederick J., Philadelphia, Pa.
1916 Bhrinski, Israel, Chicago, m.
19U Shrirer, Alfred J., Baltimore. Md.
1919 Shriver, & D., NaahirlUe, Teas.
1916 ShriTer, Mark O., Jr., BaltiBMrc. Md.
1922 8huc7, Clarenoe A., San Frandaco, Oal.
1912 SfauH, Deloas a, Sioux City, Iowa.
1921 Sbull, Deloas P., Sioux City, Iowa.
1921 Shull, Henry G«, Sioux Otty, Iowa.
1918 ShttU, S. B., Stnmdaburg, Pa.
1919 Shulman, Cliarlea, Boston, Mass.
1912 Shvlman, Max, Chicago, HI.
1021 Shulman, Ralph, Syracuse, N. Y.
1022 Shuman, Blair B., San Frimdsoo, Oal.
1022 Shuman, J. F., Saa Frandaco, Oal.
1021 Shumate, Gay O., Yakima, Wash.
1017 Shmnway, Milton A., Danielaon, Conn.
1021 Shuping, C. LeRoy, OreenAoro, N. C.
1922 Shurtcr, Bdwin D., Austia, Tex.
1918 Shurtleff, Charlea A., San Frandaco, Gal.
1916 Shutts, Frank B.. Mhimi, Florida.
1922 Siaa, Carleton, Waterloo, Iowa.
1920 Sibley. Frank C, Detroit, Mich.
1920 Sibley, John A., AtlanU. Ga.
1914 Sidier, Dudley F.. New York. N. T.
1916 Slckd, H. S. J., PhihMlelphia, Pa.
1918 Siddall, George B., dcrelaad. Ohio.
1906 Siddoaa, Frederick L., Washiagtoa, D. OL
1906 Sidley. William P.. Chicago. Bl.
1918 Sidlo, Thomaa L., Clevdaad, Oldoi.
1922 Sidtaer, Segrmour B., Fremont, Nah.
1018 Sidway, Fftuik 8., BnlEalo, N. T.
1921 Si^bel, Aagost F. W., Ohicago^ OL
1914 Sieber, George W.. Akron, OidA.
ALPHABSriGAL LIST OP MBHBSRS.
868
ins
vm
vnz
1914
19tt
vm
me
im
1917
1919
1906
19a
i9n
1914
1917
19a
19S2
1911
1919
191S
19U
1916
1911
1911
19U
19S1
1912
1914
1912
tifl
1911
1904
19n
1912
1912
1920
1921
1918
1921
1913
1921
1912
1920
8l«b«r, Jonph B., Akron, OU«w
SteOdn, Ocwfe, Wichitu, Kan.
fficgel, Alexander B., Kcw York; N. T.
Slece], Inae, New York, N. T.
Sktd, Meyer D., New Tork, N. T.
Siefelatdn, Bennett E., New York, N. Y.
Siefcnttnv, V. P., Onaidjr Oentre, Iowa.
8ifford, Bjron L., SioiBC Oitf, Iowa.
Silre, Jaime, Jr., San Juan, P. R.
Siclfanan, Samuel, Boaton, Mas.
Sifkr, P. N., Dajton, Ohio.
SIkea, John O., Monroe, N. 0.
sober, Olareoce J., OUcaco, I1L
Silber, Frederick D., Chicago, 111.
SObst, Coleman, Boaton, Maa.
Slier, Walter D., Pittaboro, N. O.
8fflcocka» Bentjr, New York, N. Y.
Silibee, Harry A., Lanaing , Mich.
SflTa, Prank M., San Prandaco, Oal.
Sihra, GuataTo Oruaado, San Juaa, P. R.
SOTCrman, Oeraon B., Kamaa Oity, Mo.
SUrcratain, Bernard, Oakland, Oal.
SiWcrBtein, Harry &, Denver, Oolo.
Silwold, Henry, Newton, Iowa.
Simkini, Daniel W., PbiUdelphia, Pa.
StmUnai J. 8., Oorricana, Tex
Simmona, Ahram, Bloffton, lad.
Slmnona, Ojyrua, Knozrille, Tem.
Siannonib B. A., Pontiac, 111.
Siaamona, George D., fficksriUe, Ohio.
BlmmoBi» H. Y., Oedar Bapida, lo^ma.
Simmona, Hubert A., Red Lodge, Mont.
Simmona, J. S., Hntcliinaon, Kann
Simmona, Maurice, New York, N. Y.
Simmona, Parke B., Ohicago, lU.
Simmona, Robert C, Covington. Ky.
Simmona, Robert O., Scottri>luff, Neb.
«wiim«i^ W. M., San Prandaco, Oal.
Simmi^ Cbarlea Carroll, Barnwell, S. O.
Simma, Dan W.. Lafayette. Ind.
8imma» Henry, Huntington, W. Ya.
Simma^ John F., Albuquerque, N. M.
Sionna, John T., Chtrleaton, W. Va.
Simon, N. D., Portland, Ore.
Simonda, Harriet Pier, Fond du Lac,
Wia.
Simondi, Lincoln 8., Glouceeter, Maat.
Simona, Blaine, Sioux Falla, S. D.
Simoaa. Leonard M., Belle Fourche, S. D.
Simona, P. C, Enid, Okla.
Simoni, Seward A., Loa Angalea, OaL
Simonaon, Theodore, Newton, N. J.
Simpaon, Alexander, Jr., Philadelphia,
Pa.
Simpaon, Arthur E., St. Louia, Me.
Simpaon, Charlea E. B., Jeraay Olty,
N. J.
Simpaon, David P., MinnaapoUa^ Minn.
19U Simpaon, Fnak L«ll^ Boston, Maaa.
1922 Simpaon, George W., New York, N. Y.
1921 Simpaon, J. Allan, Racine, Wia.
1921 SimpaoUi J. E., Wewoka, Okla.
Sbnpaon, J. Randolph, Huntingdon, Pa.
Simpaon, John, Jackaon, Mich.
1914 Simpaon, William L., Cody, Wyo.
1920 SIma, Cecfl, NMhvUle, Ttan.
1906 Sima, Edwin W., Chicago. HI.
1910 Sima, Hemy Upaon, Birmingham, Ala.
1922 Sima, Joaeph T., Wabeno, Wia.
1922 Sinai, John &, Reno, Nev.
19i8 Sinclair, John A., San Prandaco, OaL
1916 Sinclair, N. A., Fayetterille. N. a
1914 SIngeltary, John B., Bradentown, Fla.
1918 Singer, Jacob, Philadelphia, Pa.
Singer, William Menaiea, San Frandaoo,
Oal.
Singleton, Shelby M., Ohicago, ni.
Singley, Frederick J.. Baltimore. Md.
Slnneai, Torger, De>ila Lake, N. D.
Sinton, Edgar, San Prandeoo, Oal.
SIpe, William A., Jr., Tulaa, Okla.
Siqueland, Tryggva A., Chicago, IB.
Sirrine, William G., Greenville, S. C
Siak, Jamea H., Eaat Lynn, Maal.
Sivley, Clarence L., Memphia, Tens.
Sixer, J. B., Chattanooga, Tenn.
Skaife, Alfred C, San Prandaco, Oal.
Skahen, Vance Edward, MinneapoUa,
Minn.
Skaug, Juliua, Mobridge, 8. D.
Skecn, David Alfred, Salt Uke City,
Utah.
Jedediah D., Salt Uke City,
Utah.
1914 Skeen, John Henry, Baltimore, Md.
1915 Skeen, William Riley, Ogden Qty, Utah,
ion Skegga, William E., Decatur, Ala.
1806 Skelton, William B., Lewiston, Maine.
1919 Skerrett, Mark N., Worceater, Maal.
1911 Skinner, Alfred F., Newark, N. J.
1922 Skinner, Frederick Henry, Newport
Newa, Va.
19n Skinner, George L, New York, N. Y.
1911 Skinner, Harry, Greenville, N. 0.
1922 Skinner, Newton J., Loa Angelea, Oal. •
1917 Skinner, William A.. Susquehanna, Pa.
1921 Skipper, Logan B., Oentralia, 111.
1920 Skipworth, George Frank, Eugene, Ore.
19a Skulaion, B. G., Portland, Oreg.
1922 Skutch, Ira, New York, N. Y.
1918 Slack, Charlea W., San Frandaoo, Oal.
1914 Slack, John C, Pittaburgh, Pa.
19a Slack, L. Ert, IndianapoHa, Ind.
1914 Slack, Leigfaton P., St Johivbuiy, Vt.
1918 Slack, Walter, San Frandaoo, OaL
1911 Blade, John A., Saratoga Springa, N. Y.
19a
1916
19a
1022
1920
1914
1910
1911
1906
19a
1922
1922
loa
1915
1914 Skeen,
884
AMBBICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
1919 Slade, John C, Chicago, 111.
1921 SUde, Lester O., Oolumbue, Oa.
19tl Slakia, Anthony A., Chicago, 111.
1911 Slater, John 8.. Boston. Man.
19n Slater, Robert J., Chicago, HI.
1916 Slaton, John If., Atlanta. Oa.
1918 Slattery. Frank P., Wilkei-Barre. Pa.
1921 Slattery, James M., Chicago, 111.
1922 Slattcary, John R.. New York, N. T.
1914 Slattery. Joseph A., Philadelphia. Pa.
1921 Slatteiy, Thomas D.. Covington, Ky.
1921 SUtcq, Lant R., Williamson, W. Va.
1921 Slavin, Dennis J., Waterbury, Conn.
1920 Sleeper, Harold Alanson. Detroit, Hich.
1914 Sleman, Paul. Washington. D. C.
1921 Slifer, B. R., Chamberlain. 8. D.
1919 Slingerland, Archibald F.. Newark, M. J.
1918 filingluir. Jease. Baltimore, Md.
1911 Slingluir. R. Lee. Baltimore. Md.
1922 Sloan, Oharlea H.. Oenera, Neb.
1916 Sloan. 0. G., Clarion, Pa.
1928 Sloan, H. B., Keoaauqua, Iowa.
1920 Sloan. Horace, Joneflb<fro, Ark.
1980 Sloan, James T.. Centreville, Mich.
1920 Sloan. John J.. Detroit. Mich
1918 Sloan. Maurice Worrell, Philadelphia. Pa.
1914 Sloan. Richard E.. Phoenix, Arizona.
1922 Sloane, Harrlaon O., San Diego. Cal.
1920 Sloane, Scott, Lebanon. N. H.
1928 Sloane, W. A., Ban Francisco, Cal.
1904 Slocum, Edward T.. Pittsfleld. Maaa.
1914 Slocom. John W.. Long Branch. N. J.
1902 Sloman. Adolph. Detroit. Mich.
1921 Sloman, Edmund M.. Detroit, Mich.
1906 Slonecker. J. G.. Topeka. Eana. ^
1920 Sloes, M. C, San Francisco. CaL
1921 Sloason, Leonaid B., Los Angeles, Cal.
1980 Slough. K. B.. Ardmore. Okla.
1921 Sluaser, Manini, Wheaton, 111.
1921 Slutefl, M. C, Cincinnati, Ohio.
1917 Small, Edward J., Pittsburgh, Pa.
1914 Small, Harold R.. St. Louis. Mo.
1914 Small. John H., Washington, H. C.
1922 Smallpage, Lafayette J., Stockton, Cal.
1916 Smart, Edward M.. Milwaukee. Wis.
1918 Smart, James O.. Kansas City, Mo.
* 1918 Smart, John Harrow. Clereland, Ohio.
1894 Smead. A. D. B.. Carlisle. Pa.
1921 Smedal. C. A., Roland, Iowa.
1981 Smejkal, Edward J., Chicago, HI.
192i Smietanka, Julius F., Chicago, 111.
1980 Smilansky, Maurice D., Dptrolt. Mich.
1912 Smiley. James J.. Cincinnati. Ohio.
1916 Smiser, James A., Colmmbia, Tenn.
1928 Smith, A. A., Baker, Ora.
1918 Smith, A. B., Montrose, Pa.
1918 Smith, A. L., MarietU, Ohio.
1911 Smith, A. Page. Albany, N. T.
li»21
Smith,
1928
Smith,
1921
Smith,
1939
Smith,
1902
Smith,
1914
Smith,
1921
Smith,
1916
Smith,
1920
Smith,
1911
Smith,
1921
Smith,
1920
Smith,
1922
Smith,
N.
1907
Smith.
1922
Smith,
1893
Smith.
1922
Smith,
1928
Smith,
1918
Smith,
1889
Smith,
1918
Smith.
1918
Smith.
1910
Smith.
1921
Smith,
1906
Smith.
1921
Smith,
1919
Smith,
1914
Smith,
1922
Smith,
1921
Smith,
1917
Smith.
1921
Smith,
1922
Smith,
1921
Smith,
1914
Smith.
1918
Smith.
1906
Smith,
1908
Smith,
W.
1918
Smith.
1910
Smith.
1922
Smith,
1914
Smith.
1988
Smith,
1018
Smith.
1921
Sknith,
1919
Smith,
1910
Smith,
1918
Smith.
1922
1914
Smith.
1911
Smith.
1922
Smith,
1919
Smith.
1928
Smith,
1922
Smith,
1928
Smith,
A« Parker, New Tortc, V. T.
Albert D., Sacramento, Cal.
AlUn, Paterson, K. J.
Alexander W., Atlanta. Ga.
Alfred Perciiral, Philadelphia. Fa.
Allison O., Clearfield, Pa.
Andrew T., Washington, D. OL
Arthur F., Kansas dtj. Ma
Arthur G.. Honolulu. HawaiL
Arthur Thad. Boston. Ma«.
Aaher R., Laredo, Tezaa.
Ben D., Somerset, Ky.
Benjamin Biggs, AAory Park,
J.
Bertram L.. Bangor, Malnay
Bryant, Boulder, Colo.
Burton, New York, N Y.
a Willard, St. Paul, Mian.
Oarl J., Seattle, Wash.
Cecil H., Sherman, Texaa^
Charles Blood, Topeka. Kana.
Charles C, Guthrie, Okla.
Charles D., Gloucester. MaMi
Charlea H., Knoxvillc-Tenn.
Charlea Henry, Alexandria, ▼«.
Charlea W., Topeka, Kaaa.
Claud M., Oherokae, Iowa.
Clyde W., San Pedro. OiL
Curtis Nye. Boston, MasL
DeLancey C, San Franciaoo, OU.
Donald L., Rushville, Ind.
E. C. Spymour. Wia.
B. F., Houston, Texasi
B. J., Jr., Jackaoniille, f1«.
B. S., Denisott, Texaa.
Earl, Mason City. low*.
Edward C, St. Albana. Yt.
Edward E., Minneapolia. Mini
Edward OrandiaoD, ClarfcsbufS',
Va.
Edward J.. Naahrllle, Tcmft.
Edwin W.. Pittaburgh. Pa.
Eliot Congdon, New York, N. T.
Rlliaon G.. Pierre, 8. D.
Emerson H., Fargo, N. D.
Eugene Q., Lancaster, Pa.
F. Dumont, Hutchinson, Kaa.
F. Harold, New York. N. Y.
FItx-Henry, Jr., Boston. Maan
Frank C. Jr.. Worcester. Mani
Frank Day. Detroit, Mi^
Frank Eugene, Plattaburgh. M. T.
Frank O., Phoenix. Arlaoaa.
Fred E., Eugene, Ors^
Frederic W.. Newark, N. J.
Fiederick P.. New York, N. T.
Frederick W.. Whittler, OaL
O. I^ler, Baltimore, Md.
ALPHABBTIOAL LIST OF MEMBERS.
856
10X8
Badth,
1908
Smitb.
Ifltl
Bmith,
mo
Sinlth,
1022
Smith,
1022
Smith,
ins
Smith,
1010
Smith,
lOU
Smith.
1012
Smith,
w.
1021
Smith,
1014
Smith.
1921
Smith,
lOOC
Smith.
1014
Smith,
S.
1008
Smith.
1921
Smith
1020
Smith.
1022
Smith,
1016
Smith.
1807
Smith.
1020
Smith.
1020
Smith.
1021
Smith,
1007
Smith,
1022
Smith,
1022
Smith,
1020
Smith,
1020
Smith.
1021
Smith,
1014
Smith,
1904
Smith.
1922
Smith,
lOtl
Smith.
1901
Smith,
1014
Smith.
1018
Smith.
1022
Smith,
1021
Smith.
1020
Smith.
1021
Smith,
1018
Smith.
1016
Smith.
1022
Smith,
1022
Smith,
1018
Smith.
1022
Smith,
10^
STrl«h,
1016
Smith,
1017
Smith.
m«
Smith,
1988
Smith,
1081
Smith,
1018
Smith,
1918
Smith,
lan
8tolth«
€L W. L., Brewton, Ala.
Oeorse H.. Salt Lake City. Utah.
Oeoise Wesley, Rayrille, La.
Gilmer P., Memphis, Tenn.
Orant H., San Franciaco, Oal.
Guy 0., Salem, Ore.
H. Alexander, Princeton, N. J.
H. If.. Jr.. Richmond, Va.
Hal H., Detroit. Ifich.
Harrison Brooica, Charleston,
Va.
Hany D., Xenia, Ohia
Harry J.. Spring City. Pa.
Harry Tj\tT, Hartford, Oonn.
Harvey F., Clarksburg, W. Va.
Henry A. MIddleton, Charleston.
C.
Henry B., Nashville, Tenn.
Herbert U., Boston, MasL
nirsm R., Roscommon. Mich.
Horace H., Washington, D. O.
Horton S., Baltimore. Ud.
Howard B.. Omaha, Nebr.
Howard L., Munkogce. Okla.
1. S., Greeley. Colo.
Irving G., Merideh, - Oonn.
Isham N., Portland, Oregon.
J. Boyoe, Jr., New York, N. T,
J. Milton, New Tork, N. T.
J. Q.. Montgomery. Ala.
J. R., Watertown. Tenn.
Jacob O., Syracuse, N. T.
James F.. Washington. D C
Jeremish. Jr.. Boston. Msn.
Joel H., Selma, Oal.
John Ticwis Wa«htngton, D. C
John R., Denver, Co^\
John R. L, Mscon. Ga.
John Thomas, New Tork, N. T.
Joseph & W., New Oastle, Pa.
JttHus 0., Greensboro, N. 0.
Jane C. Centralia, 111.
Jnstin M., Boeeman, Mont.
L. n., Knoxville, TMin.
Lamar, Del Rio. Texas.
Laurence H., San Diego, Oal.
Leonard Hull, New York. N. T.
Levin. Psrkprsbnrg, W. Va.
Lewis H., Fresno, Gal.
Luther Klv. St. I^nis. Ma
Marion, Atlanta, Ga.
Murrftt p.. Hoquiam. Waah.
Milton, Denver, Colo.
Newton C, Portland, Or^.
Omer D., Sallna, Kan.
P. M., Wellsvillo, Ohio.
R. A., Tolaa, Okla.
B. Miradn. fialtlmoca. Mi.
■LBOTRO
1021 Smith, R. S. B., Berryvllle, Va.
1910 Smith. R. Stuart, Philadelphia, Pa.
1921 Smith, Ralph O., Davenport, Iowa.
1022 Smith, Ralph H., Santa Cms, Cal.
1022 Smith, Ralph W., Sacramento, Oal.
1021 Smith, Ray B., ^jrracuae, N. Y.
1917 Smith, Reginald Heber, Boston, MaaL
1920 Smith, Richard Shore, Eugene, Ore.
1916 Smith, Richard Wallace, Baltimore, Md.
1913 Smith. Robert R., Birmingham, Ala.
1918 Smith. Robert H., Mobile. Ala.
1013 Smith, Robert Lee, Albemarle, N. O.
1908 Smith, Robert T., Nashville, Tenn.
1915 Smith, Roes B., Erie, Ksn.
1895 Smith, Rufus B., andnnati, Ohio.
1900 Smith, Ssmuel Bosworth, ChaUsnooga.
Tenn.
1916 Smith, Samuel M., Milwaukee, Wis.
1918 Smith. Samuel W.. Jr., Cincinnati. Ohio.
1920 Smith. StaiTord, New York. N. Y.
1019 Smith, Stuart R., B«*anmont. Texas.
1908 Smith, Thos. Kilby, Philadelphia, Pa
1909 Smith, Victor Laniar, Atlanta, Ga.
1921 Smith, Vincent M., Chicago, III.
1020 Smith. Vivian 8.. Bowling Green. Me.
1021 Smith, W. A., Duboqne, Iowa.
1016 Smith, W. Con well, Baltimore., Md.
1022 Smith, W. D., F*rt WoKh, Tex.
1017 Smith. W. StebUna. Kew York. N. T.
1921 Smith, W. Wallace, Chesterfield, Penn.
1921 Smith, W. Worth, Jr., Lonlaa, Va.
1914 Smith, Waliia C. Saginaw. Mich.
1882 Smith, Walter George. Philadelphia, Pt
1922 Smith, Wllbnr R., San Franciaco, Osi.
1922 Smith, Willard P., San Francisco, Oal-
1901 Smith. William B., Little Rock. Ark.
1918 Smith, William H., Hilo. HswsU.
1822 Smith, William H., Jr., San Frandsce.
OaL
1914 Smith. William Haslltt. Ithaca. N. T.
1908 Smith, William M., St. Johns. Mich.
1914 Smith, William Mason. Kew York. K. Y.
1008 Smith, William O.. Honolulu. Hawaii.
1914 Smith. Willism P., Miami. Fla.
1922 Smith, William R., Topeka, Kansas.
1922 Smith, Willism Robert, El Paso, Tex.
1913 Smith, Wm. Rudolph. Philadelphia, Pa.
1918 Smith, William 8.. Niagara Falls, N. Y.
1917 Smith. William Watson. Pittsburgh, Pa.
1921 Smith, William Wiafred, Huntington,
W. Va.
1907 Smith, Winileld R., Seattle, Wash.
1908 Smithers, William W.. Philadelphia. Pa.
1914 Smoot. Harry E., Chioaaro, 111.
1913 Smyth. David J., Philadelphia, Pa.
1917 Smyth, Francis, New York, N. Y.
1914 Smyth, Herbert C, New York, N. Y.
1921 Snayp, Danaiiee D., JoUat, HL
856
AMERICAN BAK AbSOCIATION.
EUECTBD
1800 Snare. Jtcob, PhiUdelphia, Pft.
1919 Snetd, H*R7 I'.. Peteraburg, Va.
10S2 Snead, Tlioinaa B., Richmond, Va.
1921 Snedecor, Eatea. Portland, Oreg.
1921 Bneed, R. R., Ardmora, Okla.
1922 SneU, J. J., Boone, Iowa.
1914 Snider, B. L., Chicago, HI.
1916 Snidow, WiUiam B., Peariaborg, Ta.
19S2 Snitkin, Leonard A., New Tork, N. Y.
1920 Snow, Albert Clwood, Saginaw. Mich.
1922 Snow, AlTa B., Fresno, Oal.
18B8 Snow, David W., Portland, Maine.
1919 Snow, Frederic B., Boaton, Wm.
1911 Snow, Leslie P., Rochester, N. H.
1919 Snow, Rcyer V., Portland, Me.
1914 Snowden, Wilton, Jr., Baltimore, Md.
1921 8n7<ler, Custer, Lorain, Ohio.
1918 Snjder, Bany L., Akron, Ohio.
1918 Snjder, Harry S., Sioux City. Iowa.
1915 Snyder, J. Frank, Clearfield, Pa.
1922 Snyder, J. P., Stockton, OaL
1914 Snyder, Jeff B., Tallulah, La.
1918 Snyder, John B., Henhey. Pa.
1922 Snyder, Marshall, New York, N. Y.
1906 Snyder, Wilson I., Salt Uke aty, Utah.
1922 Soana, Qyrll A., Chicago, 111.
1921 Sobel, Joseph, Nenr York, N. Y.
1921 Soble, Hirach B., Chicago, 111.
1922 Soderberg, Hyrum A., Ogden, UUh.
1911 Sohier, WiUiam D., Boston. Maaa
1921 Sohm, Alfred, Memphia, Tenn.
1912 Sohon, Henry W.. Washington, D. 0.
1921 Solberg, Marshall, Chicago, ni.
1918 SoUy, William P.. Nonistown. Pa.
1921 Solomon, Louis B., New York, N. Y.
1921 Solomon, Mortimer W., New York,
N. Y.
1922 Somer?iIle, Robert N., Cleveland, Miss.
1897 domervflle, Thomas H., Oxford, Mfas.
1921 Somenrille, Wm. M., Cumberland, Md.
1921 Sommers, Walter F.. Chicago, 111.
ISn. Sommers, Werner H., Chicago, IB.
1911 Sommenrille, J. B., Wheeling. W. Va.
1921 Sompayrac, Paul A., New Orleans, La.
1914 Somsen, Henry N.. New Ulm, Minn.
1914 Sonfleld, Leon, Beaumont, Texaa.
1919 Sonnenscheln. Edward, Chicago, 111.
1919 Sonnensehein, Hugo, Chicago, IIL
1919 Sonatcby. John J., Chicago, 111.
1918 Soper. Morris A., Baltimore, Md.
1922 Sorber, Samuel R., Greenaburg, Pa.
1922 Sorem, Herman H., Chicago, HI.
1922 Soto, Oarloa Franco, San Juan, P. R.
1916 Soto, Joa4 Tous, Ponce, Porto Rico.
1916 Soto, Juan B.. San Juan, Porto Rico.
1922 Soto, R. M. F., San Fkandaco, Cal.
1921 Souera, Lown Edmunda, Canton, <Miio.
1911 Soula. Frank. Ntw OclaaM» La.
KLBCTBD
1920 Sourdar, Paul M., Loganaport, bd.
1928 Sourek, Joaeph F., Akron, Ohio.
1921 Southard, J. Bennatt, Cold 8prii«,
N. Y.
1922 Southerland, darenoe A, Wilmington,
DeL
1980 Sottthem, Allen C, Kanaaa City. Mo.
1910 Southworth, Constant, Akron, Ohio.
1918 Spafford, John A, Aidgeport, Conn.
1914 Spalding, EHiott, St. Joaeph, Ma.
1916 Spalding. Hughea, Atlanta, Oa.
1920 S|)alding, Jack J., Atlanta, Oa.
1918 Spalding, Lyman A, New York, N. T.
1921 Spangenberg, Arthur R., Cincinnati.
Ohio.
1981 Spangenberg, Otto O., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1921 Sparks, Cbarlea C, Hot Springs, Ark.
1918 Sparks, Frederick W.. Brooklyn, N. Y.
1921 Sparks, Laban, Bammore, Md.
1920 Sparrow, Sam, Kanaaa City, Mo.
1922 Spaulding, G, A., Helena, Mont
1918 Spaulding, Barry W., Manchester, N. B.
1921 Spaulding, W. H., San Franciaco, OaL
1922 Spear, Elmer Ernest, Everett, MaaiL
1909 Spearing, J. Each, New Orleana, Ia.
1920 Spears, %arry, Memphia. Tenn.
1922 Spedale, O. H., San Jose, OaL
1914 Speer, Peter M., New York, N. T.
1914 Speer, William IL, Jcisay City. M. J.
1917 Spell, W. B., Waoo, Texas.
1916 Spellacy, Thomaa J., Hartford, Conn.
1911 Oilman, Benjamin F., New Yor^
N. Y.
1918 Spellman, Clarence 1., Kanaaa City, Mo.
1922 Spence, Homer R., San Frmndaoo, Oal.
1911 Spence, Union L., Carthage, N. C
1918 Spencer, A. B., Joplin, Mo.
1922 Spencer, Arthur C, Portland, Ore.
1918 Spencer, J. S., Point Pleaaant, W. Ya.
1911 Spencer, Nelaon E., Rochester, M. T.
1922 Spencer, Omar C, Portland, Ore.
1889 Spencer, Selden P. (Waahington, D. 0.>.
8t Louia, Mo.
1912 Spencer, Walker Brainard, New Orleaaa,
U.
1918 Sperania, Ohio 0., New York, N. Y.
1907 Sperry, Eugene E., New Yofk. R. Y.
1916 Sperry, Lewia, Hartford, Conn.
1922 Spicer, George M., Long Bea^ OaL
1922 Spiegelbeig, F., New York, N. Y.
1917 Spielman, Jacob R., Oklahoma City.
Okla.
1918 Spiera. Edward, Oklahoma CKy. Okla.
1918 Spieth, Lawrence C, Cleveland, OUot
1920 SpiUer, Jamca L., Sweetwater, Ttean.
1022 SpiUcr, Robert K., Roanoke, Va.
l/a Spilman, Emily A., Waahington, D. a
18U Spilman. Robert &, Gkarleston, W. Tn.
ALPHABITIOAL IJ8T OF IffHinwntS.
857
ins Svingani, Arthur a. New York, N. T.
IffS SpinaQT, Join D., Alma, Mich.
1914 Spirk, Charles A., Seattle, Wuh.
im SpiUer, OalTin D.. Tiffin. Ohio,
im Spits, Leopold. New York, M. T.
im Spohn, WiUiam H., Madison, Wis.
. 1809 Spoooer, Ghsrlee P., New York, N. T.
1910 Spooner, Willett M., Milwaukee^ Wis.
me Spndlinc, Manrin C, Talia, Okla.
ino Spraglns, R. F.. Jackson, Tenn.
mi Sprague, Charles H., Boston, Maok
It» Spraffoe^ Edward B., New York, N. Y.
1950 Sprafue, Barry E., 8t Louis, Mo.
1911 Sprsgne, Rofos W., Jr., New York, N. Y.
1981 Spragne, William a. New York, N. Y.
1951 Sprsguc, William B., Portsmouth, Ohio.
1915 Spimtt, Msurloe O., BnlTalo, N. Y.
1912 Spratt, Thomss, Ofdenshurg, N. Y.
1914 Sprigv, Carroll, Dajrton, Ohio.
19U Sprigg, Patterson, San Dlc«o, OaL
19a Spriggs, K. L., Safford, Aricooa.
1918 Spring, Romnej, Boston, Masi^
1919 Spring, Ssmuel, New Rochelle, N. Y.
1922 linger, Rolland 0., San Diego, Oal.
1981 Springmejrer, George, Beno, Nev.
1917 Sprlngmeytr, Qeorge A., St. Louis, Moi
1918 l^jroat, B. G., Hammond, Ind.
1918 Sprout, Clarence B., Willitmsport, Pa.
19U Sporgeon, WiUiam H., Colorado Springs.
Cblo.
1881 Spurgin, W. G., Urbana, 01.
1988 Squler, Eugene W., Santa Barbara, Oal.
1916 Sqnier, James W., Elkton, Md.
1887 Squire, Andrew, Cleveland, Ohio.
1914 Squires, Edwin B., Broken Bow. Nehr.
1888 Staake, Williate H., Philadelphia, Pa.
1918 8taake» William W.. Philadelphia* Pa.
1988 Stabler, Howard D., Juneau, Alasks.
1816 Stackpole, Henrj W., Olaj Center, Kana.
1988 Stackpole, J. Lewis, Boston, Mass.
1888 Stackpole, Pierpont L., Boston, Mass.
1981 Stacy, Wright A., SUver City, Ida.
1914 Stadtfeld, Joeeph, Pittsburgh, Pa.
1981 BtaiTord, Bert U, Butland, Vt
1898 Stafford, Charles B., Chicago, IlL
1981 Stafford, Edmund J., Detroit, Mich.
1981 StaiTord, Edward, Washington, D. O.
1910 Stafford, Bthelred M., New Orleans, La.
1980 Stafford, Harold B., Honolulu. Hawaii
1921 Stafford, John L., Williamson, W. Vs.
1887 Suflord. William H., Chippewa Palls.
Wis.
1914 Stafford, Wendell P., Wa^iogton, D. 0.
1911 Stagg, Gbas. Traosy, Albany, N. Y.
1981 Stagg, John A., Ohiesgo, HI.
1914 Stahl, diaries H., Akron, Ohio.
1919 Stehl, Floyd M., Phoenix, Aris.
1988 Stahl, H. K., Ooiooa, Oolo.
1916 Stahl, Joseph L, Montiosllo, N. T.
1918 Stainbaefc. Charles A.. SomerviUa, Torn.
1919 Staker, Lewis A., Huntington, W. Va.
1915 SUlcup, Bobert B., Dalhart, Tas.
1981 Stallcup, J. A., Hot Springs, Ark.
1917 Stsllings, A. R., Wsshington, D. O.
1918 Stambaugh, Harry F., Pittaburgh, Pa.
1914 Stamm, A. C, Harriiburg, Pa.
1928 Stammer, Walter H., Freanov Gal.
1980 Stanaxd, B. 0., Shawnee, Okla.
1919 Stanford, Bawghlie a. Phoenix, Aria.
1981 Stanley, Arthur J., Kansss City, Kan.
1988 SUnley, Edward O., Jr.. Newark, N. J.
1921 Stanley, Elton W., Bapid City, S. D.
1981 Stanley, Guy E., Kansas Oi^y, Ksn.
1918 Stanley, Marion F., Aurora, Nehr.
1918 Stanley, Welles K., Cleveland, Ohio.
1980 Stanley, William Eugene, Wichita, Sana.
1980 Stanley, WilUam L., Honolnhi, HawaB.
1881 Stansbmy, David D., Chicago, 111.
1919 Stansbmy, John, Douflas, Wyo.
1981 Stanton, Edward C, Cleveland, Ohio.
1916 Stanton, Bobert P., Baltimore, Md.
1988 Stanwood, Edward B., MarysviUe, Oal.
1928 Stapleton, Charles W., New York, N. Y.
1918 Stapleton, Luke D., New York, N. T.
1918 Stapleton, Thomas, Marengo, Iowa.
1917 Starbuek, Henry R., Winston-Salem,
N. C.
1917 Stark, Henry W., Milwaukee. Wia.
1981 Stark, William A., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1916 Starke, Brace, St. Louis, Mo.
1881 Staraes, D. W., Lawmcsburg, Tbub.
1988 Stair, 0. L., Portland, On.
*1913 Starr, Lewis, Csmden, ^N. J.
1866 Starr, Mcrritt, Chicago, BL
1980 Staiainger. Vincent, Des Moinss, lows.
1981 Stsson, Edwin J., Sioux City, Iowa.
1981 Stathen, Birk S., Weston, W. Va.
1914 Staton, John W., Snow Hill, Md.
1988 Stauffer, Osrroll O., Omaha, Neb.
1988 Stauffer, Henry E., Dayton, Ohio.
1990 Stayton, John W., Newport, Ark.
1804 Stayton, Joeeph M., Newport, Ark.
1918 Stayton, Bobert W.. Oorpw Christi, tn.
1918 Stearns, Charles F., Providence, B. L
1918 Stearns, Frtderic W., Sen Diego, OsL
1981 Steams, L H., Wichita, Kan.
1918 Steams, J. O., Portland, Oregosu
1981 Steams, Jssm, Redmond, Oreg.
1914 ' Steams, Joseph T., New York, N. Y.
1919 Steama, Percy J.. MUwankee, Wia.
1916 StebbiM, Albert K., Milwaukee. Wte.
1912 Stebbins, Byron H., Madiaon, Wis.
1918 Stebbins, Charles H.. Boston. Mma.
1918 Stebbins, Uwis A.. Chicago, HI.
1988 Stecklcr, David, New York, N. Y.
19QS StodmsB, Uvingston B.. Seattle Wmh.
us
AMXBXOMS BAB A680GIATIOK.
ItU Stctle, Oeorf* P., Dearer, Coto.
Itli Steels, Oay W.. Weetminster, Ud.
iwn Steele. Henry J., Easton, Pa.
1916 Steele* Tbomea M., New Haven. Conn.
Iil9 Steele, William Karr. CbUvgo. HI.
19M Steele, William M. Superior. Wii.
19S1 Steere, hlcjd R., Chicago, HI.
1922 Stellen, C. H., Seattle, Waah.
1914 Steger, William R.. Nayhville. Tenn.
1922 Stein, Abraham C, Plttaburgh, Pa.
USD Stein, Alfred A.. Elizabeth, ::. J.
1914 Stein. Charlea P.. Baltimore, Md.
1921 Stein, Morton, New York, N. T.
1921 Stein, Philip, Chicago, DL
1921 Steinberg, Benjamin P., New Torfc,
N. T.
1917 Steinbrink, Ueier. Brooklyn, K. T.
1914 Steinbugler, John L., New York. N. T.
1914 Steinemann, George C. Sandaiky. Ohia
1914 Steiner, Robert E., Jr., Montgomery,
Ala.
1922 Steinhardt, Maxwell, New York, M. Y.
1918 Steinhart, Jeaw H., San Frmciico. CaL
1918 Steinbaua, Isaac, New York. N. Y.
1914 Steininger, Cloyd, Lewiaburg. Pa.
1920 Steinraets, Karl E.. Rnoxville, Tenn.
1922 Stemler, J. O., Stockton, Gal.
1916 Stengel, George H., Pittsburgh, Pa.
1917 Stents. Val. J.. New Orleans, La.
1921 Stephanidis, John D., New York, N. Y.
1914 Stepbena, Alexander W., Atlanta, Ga.
1914 Stephens, Charles H., Cincinnati. Ohio.
19C1 Stephf^na, Charles H., Jr., Cincinnati,
Ohio.
1921 Stephens, J'rank Hall, Chicago, HI.
1920 Stephens. GroT<>r C Piedmont, Mo.
1922 Stephens, Harold M., Salt Uke City,
Utah.
1921 Stephens, Henry J., Loa Angeles, Oil.
1922 Stephens, Jamet C, Nrw York, N. Y.
1913 Rtpphena, Louis L., Pierre, S. D.
1911 Stepbena, R. Allan, Springfield, HI.
1921 Stephens, Raymond W., Los Angelea,
^ Osl.
1906 Stephens, Redmond D., Washington,
D. C.
1922 Stephens, Walter P., Camppllo, Mina.
lOM ««cp»» »w, Wiltftm n.. Savannah. Oa.
1919 Stephenson, Gilbert T., Ralelfrh, N. C.
1919 Stephenson. Sarah. Brooklyn. N. Y.
1918 Rrpphrnaon. Will P., Wwt Union. Ohio.
1921 Sterling, Charles W., St. Paul, Minn.
1929 Sterling, Cloyd D., Redfl'>ld. S. D
1921 Sterling, John J., Benton Harbor. Mich.
1906 Sterling, Thomas (Waabington, D. C).
Vermilion, S. D.
192J Stem, Ctrl S., New York, N. Y.
1918 Stem, Prank, Boston, Maan
tVitt Stem, Henry L.. Chletfo, IR.
1915 Stern. Henry Root. New York, N. Y.
1991 Stem, Horace, Philadelphia, Pena.
1917 Stem. Joseph U, Cleveland. Ohio.
1915 Stem, Louis B., Atlantic City, N. J.
1920 Stem, Milford. Detroit. Mick.
1916 Stem. Morris. Milwaukee. Wit.
1921 Stem, Oscar D., Chicago, lU.
1921 Stem, Sidney J., Greensboro, N. O^
1922 Sternberg, Guy V., Grand Jonctioii,
Colo.
1920 Sternberg. H. L., Stuttgart. Ark.
1922 Sternberg, Samuel H.. New York, N. T.
1921 Sterne, Neal P., Annlston, Ala.
1901 Sterrett, Jamea R.. Pittstxirgh. Pa.
1922 Sterry, Norman S., Loa Angelea, CaL
1921 Stetaon, George W., Middleboroiigfc.
1916
1914
1911
1921
1922
1922
1917
1921
1912
1922
1922
1921
1896
1912
1921
1922
1922
1917
1918
1912
1912
1921
.1922
1918
1914
1922
1918
1918
•9T6
1921
1921
1914
1895
1P97
1907
1921
1917
1922
Stetaon. Henry T., New York, N. Y.
Stettlniua. John L.. Cincinnati, Ohiot
Steuart, James L.. New York. N. Y.
Steuer. Max D., New York, N. T.
Stevens, Bsail M., Hoboken, N. J.
Stevens, C. E., Seattle, Waah.
Stevemu Carleton H . New Haven,
Stevena, E. A., Rockport, Texas.
Stevena. E. Ray, Madison. Wia.
Stevena, Bmeat G., New York, N. T.
Stevens, Frank A., Un Vegaa, Nev.
Stevena, Frank M., Elyria, Ohio.
Stevena, Frederick W., Ann Aibor.
Stevena, George M., Chicago, HL
Stevens, George M., Chicago, IIL
Stevens, H. H., Minneapolia, Min^
Stevena, H. U, Warsaw. N. 0.
Stevens. Henry B.. Aaheville, N. OL
Stevens, Heniy W., Concord, N. H.
Stevens. J. Morgan. Jackson. Mlas.
Stevens, John C. Hart land. Wia.
Stevena, Luciua K., Clinton, Doom.
Sterens, Martin, San Prandaeo, OkL
Stevena. Raymond B., Lisbon. N. B.
Stevens, Roland B.. White River Ji
tion. Vt.
Stevena, Samuel 8., San FranciaoD, OaL
Stevens. T. M., Mobile, Ala.
Stevena. Tniman S.. Dea Molnea, lowm.
Ptevens. W. B.. Stoneham. Maas.
Stevens Walter L., Northampton, Ifaaa.
Stevens, William A., Long Beach, N. J.
Stevens. William R., Readhig. Pa.
Stevenaon, Archie M., Denver. Cola
Stevenaon, Elmer E., IndianapoHa, fnd.
Stevenson, Eugene, Patersoo, N. J.
Stevenaon, Bvmn C, Rockwell City,
Iowa.
Stevehion, W. M.. Bennettsville, 8. O.
Stevick, Gqy LeBoy, Ban Praodano» OaL
ALPHABSnOAIi LIST OV ICBHBBBS.
VHU SfcMrard. Joha F.» Addiaon, Iflc^
1821 Stewwrd, John W., Pateraon, N. J.
191S Stewart. A. K., Dea Moines, Iowa.
1922 Stewart, A. T., Pueblo» Oolo.
1914 Stewart, Alexander P., St. Louia, Ifo.
101S Stewart, Barnard J„ Salt Lake dtj,
Utah,
ins Stewart, CalWn, Kenoaha, Wit.
1919 Stewart, Cbarlea L., Norwich, Conn.
1914 Stewart, Daniel A., Philadelphia, Pa.
1915 Stewart, Edgar B., Morgantown, W. Va.
1916 Stewart, Eugene, Chicago, III.
1922 Stewart, Gordon A., Stockton, OaL
1914 Stewart, J. J., Council Bluffs, Iowa.
1914 Stewart, J. W. M., Ashland, Kjr.
1914 Stewart, James G., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1921 Stewart, John D., Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
1921 Stewart, John M., Lincoln, Neb.
1912 Stewart, Maco^ Galveston, Texas.
1913 Stewart, Robert, New York. N. T.
WM Stewart. Robert W.. Chicago, lU.
1908 Stewart, Russell C, Easton, Pa.
1916 Stewart, Samuel W., Salt Lake Cit/,
Utah.
1919 SUwart, W. B., ClevelaBd. Ohio.
1880 Stewart. W. P. Baj, York. Pa.
1912 Stewart, Willard B., Lincoln. Nebr.
1999 Stewart, WiUtam B.. Pueblo. Colo.
1907 Stewart, William M., Jr.. Philadelphia,
Pa.
1928 Stick, John a, Los Angeles, OaL
1980 Sticklej, R. H., Memphis. Teno.
1921 8ticknqr» Edward &, Galesburg, 111.
1912 Stickney, Willism B. C, Rutlsnd. Vt
1922 SUdger, O. P., Oakland, CaL
1908 Stier, Joseph F.. New York, N. Y.
1921 Stiles, £. B., ManchcsUr, Iowa.
1922 Stiles, Glenn &, Minneapolis, Minn.
1911 Stiles, Jsmes A.. Pitchburg. Maw.
Stillman, Herman W., Chicago, 111.
StUlman, Wtlter &, Couaoil Bluffs.
Iowa.
1981 StiUman, William Maxson. Plainfleld,
M. J.
1921 BtiUweU, Charles D., Harrisburg, UL
1921 Stniwell, Charles M., Sioux Olty, Iowa.
1921 StiUwelL Giles N., flb^cuse, N. Y.
m2 Stilwell, William H.. Phoenix. Aris.
1918 Stimson, Edward C, Dearer, Colo.
1916 Stimson, Henry L.. New York. N. Y.
1921 Stimson, Msrshall, Los Angeles, Gal. ■
1912 Stinchfleld. Frederick H.. Minneapolis.
Minn.
1916 Stinemeycr, Edwin H., Canon City, Oolo.
1911 Stiness. Edwsrd C, Providence, R. L
1922 Stipe, William F., darinda, Iowa.
J018 Stivers. D. Osy, Butte. Mont
1909 Stivers^ Frank A., Ann Arbor, Mich.
1916
1900
1918
1920
1914
1920
1922
1912
1916
1922
1921
1919
1012
1909
1907
1021
1917
1921
1808
1881
1906
1918
1906
1913
1920
1906
1910
1911
1921
1920
1922
1910
1917
1921
1922
1912
1901
1922
1911
1919
1911
1919
1921
1918
1914
1922
1921
1921
1912
1911
1919
1918
1919
1911
SloekAfd, George G., Van Bm«a, Ark.
Stockbridge, Enos S., Baltimore, Md.
Stockbridge, Henry, Baltimore, Md.
Stockman, David T., Sigoumey* Iowa.
Stocks, Harry G., Mexico, Mo.
Stocks. S. D., Mexico, Mo.
Stockton, A. HendersQf^ Phoenix, Aria.
Stockton, Charles W., New York, N. Y.
Stockton, Howard, Jr., Boston, Mass.
Stockton, Richard, Newark, N. J.
Stockton, RicLard G., Winston-Salem,
N. C.
Stockton, William Tennent, Jacksonville^
FlA.
Stockwell, Edward A,, Providence, R. L
Stock well. Herbert G.. Philadelphia, Pa.
Stoddard, Elliott J., Detroit, Mich.
Stoddard. John M.. New York. N. Y.
Stoddard, Robert C, New Haven, Cons.
Stoddard. Roy W., Reno. Nev.
Stoddard, Sanford, Bridgeport, Conn.
Stoehr, Oscar, Cincinnati. Ohio.
Stoever, William C, Philadelphia. Pil
Stokely, J. T.. Birmingham, Ala.
Stokes, John P., Penaacola, Fla.
Stokes, Jordan, NashTiUe. Tenn.
Stokes, Jordan, Jr., Naahville. Tenn.
Stokes, Thomas O., St. Louis, Mo.
Stoll. Richard C, Lexington. Ky.
StoUenwerck, Frank, Montgomery, AU.
Stola. Benjamin, Syracuse, N. Y.
Stone, Arthur G., Charleston, W. Va.
Stone, Ben H.. Amarillo. Tex.
Stone, Byron F., Jr., San Francisco, OaL
Stone, Charles F., Walt ham, Mass.
Stone. Claude U., Peoria, lU.
Stone, Clyde E., Peoria, HI.
Stone, Duke, Los Angeles, Oal.
Stone, Edward C. Boston, Mass.
Stone, Frederic M., Boston, Masa.
Stone, George H., San Diego, OaL
Stone, Harlan F., New York. N. T.
Stone, J. Sidney, Boston, Masa.
Stone, John 0., Houghton. Mich.
Stone, John H., Wayne, Pa.
Stone, John.S., Birmingham, Ala.
Stone, Joseph C., Muskogee, Oklshoma.
Stone, Kimbrough. Kansss Citr, Mo.
Stone, Leonard, Fort Bragg, CaL
Stone, Nathsn H., New York, N. Y.
Stone, Norbome C, Bsy Minette, Ala.
Stone, Robert, Topeka, Kans.
Stone, Robert B., Boston, Mass.
Stone* Robert Raymond. Lske Charles.
U.
Stone, Royal A.. St. Paul, Minn.
Stone, W. 1., Coffeeville, Miss.
Stone, Willmore B., Springfield, Mass.
960
AKBRICAN BAB AB80CIATI0K.
BLBCTIBD
ion Stonebraker, Lerin, Hftgentown, lid.
1914 StoMman, David, Borton, Uam.
1914 Stoneman, George J., Los Aogelea, OaL
19tl Stoner, George J., Hartford, Oonn.
1918 Stoney, Galllard, San Franciaco, Gal.
19Z1 Stonef, Thomas P., Oharleston, 8. G.
1917 Sto'rer. Todl» C, Pueblo, Oolo.
1921 Storsy, Gharles M., Boston, Mass.
1881 Storey. Moorfleld, Boston, IfasL
1911 Storey. Richard C., Boston, Haas.
1921 Storkan, James* Ohicago, III.
1921 Storrs* George D., Ware, Mass.
1906 Stona, Henry B.. Los Angeles, Ctl.
1909 Story, Hampden, Shreveport, La.
1918 Story, William, Jr., Salt Uke City,
Utah.
1917 Stotcsbnry, Louis W., New Torfc, N. T.
1918 Stotler, P. L., Ooltez, Wa«h.
1918 Stota, Robert A., Easton, Pa.
1894 Stoughton. A. B., Philadelphia, Pa.
1928 Stout, Edward P., Jersey Oity, N. J.
1908 Stovall, A. T., Okolona. Ifias.
1914 Storer, Pred W., Port Oollina, Colo.
1911 Stow, Pred W., Fort Collins, Oolo.
1921 Stowell, Bllery C., Wsshington, D. O.
1982 Stowell, Barley L., New York, N. T.
1918 Strachan, Willia L., Colorado Springs,
Colo.
1982 Strack, W. G., Grundy Center, Iowa.
1920 Strahan, Thomas R., New Tork, N. T.
1910 Strang, S. Bartow. Chattanooga,' Tenn.
1918 StnttOD, Abram B.. Chicago. III.
1918 Straub. Thomas J., San Francisco, Osl.
1921 Straus, Ira E., Chicago. HI.
1912 Straus, Simeon. Chicago, III.
1908 Strausa. Charlea, New York. N. Y.
1918 Strauss. I. C. Sumter. 8. C.
1909 Strauss, Oscar, Des Moines. Iowa.
1914 Strawn. Lester H., Ottawa, 111.
1908 Strawn, Silas H., Chicago. III.
1881 Street, Robert G.. Galveston, Texaa.
1891 Streeter, Frank S., Concord, N. H.
1920 Streeter, Howard, Detroit, lllch.
1914 Streeter, Thomas W.. New York, N. T.
1921 Streeter. Wallace, Chicago, HL
1922 Streetman, Sam, Houston. Tex.
1917 Stribling, Oscar L.. Waco. Texaa.
1918 Strieker, Adsm K., New York, N. Y.
1909 Strieker, Sidney G.. Cincinnati. Ohio.
1901 Strickland. John J.. Athens. Ga.
1921 Strickland, Reeves T., Washington, D. C.
1918. Strtckler, Dsvid P., Colorado Springs.
Colo.
1921 Strieklett, Alfred E.. Covington, Ky.
1921 Strlckling, O. W., Huntington, W. Vs.
1921 Stringer, Edward 8., St. Paul, Minn.
1918 Stringfellow. Horace, Montgomery, Ala.
1914 Stringfellow, William E., St Joseph, Mo.
1922 Stringham, Tnak D., Saa IVanclaco,
Cal.
1918 Strlte, J. A, Chambersburg, Pa.
1914 Strode, Jesse B., Lincoln, Nebr.
1907 Stroh, Charles C, Harrisborg, Pa.
1920 Strom, Torval E., Eseaaaba, Midi:
1901 Strong, Alan H., Philadelphia, Pa.
1928 Strong, Charles A., San Francisco, Oal.
1898 Strong, Edward W., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1917 Strong, Robert G., Denver, Colo.
1918 Strong, Theodore, New Brunswick, N. J.
1921 Strong, W. C, Dalhart, Texna.
1914 Strotber, Albert R., Kansas C9ty, Mo.
1910 Strotber, D. J. P., Welch, W. Va.
1922 Strother, 8. L., Fresno, Oal.
1918 Stroud, Ray M., Madison. Wia.
1920 l^jtroop. A.' B., Jacksonville, Fla.
1920 Strouse, Alexander L., New York, N. T.
1918 Strouse, Louis H., New York. N. Y.
1918 Strout, Charles A., Portlsnd. Maine.
1921 Strover, Oarl, Chicago, HI.
1919 Strosier, Harry 8., Macon. Ga.
1980 Stmbinger, Joseph T., St Louis, M«.
1921 Struble, G. T., Sioux City, lowm.
1921 Struble, Stanley, Cincinnati, Ohio.
1917 Strudwick, Robert C, Greensboro, N. OL
1918 Stmse. Otto F., Brooklyn, N. Y.
1922 Strussig, Frank J., Jr., Portland, Ore.
1921 Stryker, J. Lowe, Fredonia. Kan.
1908 Stryker, John E., St. Paul, Minn.
1918 Stryker. Joaiah. Newark. N. J.
1919 Stryker, Lloyd Paul, New York, N. Y.
1914 Stuart, Albert R., Baltimore. Md.
1914 Stuart, Allison E., La Fsyette. Tnd.
1916 Stuart, Barnwell S., Denver. Colo.
1918 Stuart, Chsrles B., Oklaboros City. Okfn.
1921 Stuart, Charles H., LaFayette, Ind.
1922 Stuart, D. O., Harlan, Iowa.
1914 Stuart, D. Sollins, Cleveland. Tnm.
1918 Stuart, H. L., Oklahoma City, Okla.
1922 Stuart, Ralph B., Hatnpton, Iowa.
1919 Stiurt, Robert, Pawhuska, Okla.
1918 Stuart, Zebulon B.. Los Angelea. OU.
1921 Stobblea, Charles 8., Peoria, m.
1909 Stubba, Frank P., Monroe, La.
1914 Studley, J. Butler, Boston, Mass.
1912 Stueve, Clement A, Wapakoneta, OMol
1922 Stuhr, William 8., Hoboken, N. J.
1921 Sturcke, Louis, New York, N. T.
1911 Sturdevant,' Willard L., St Lonfa, Mow
1914 Bturges, George R., Woodbuiy, Ooim.
1907 Sturges, Ralph A., New York, N. T.
1921 Sturgis, Charles E., Blufftoo, Ind.
1980 Sturgis, Qvij H., Portland, Me.
1911 Sturgia, W. J., Dniontown, Pa.
1918 SturUe, Robert B., Dade Oty, FVnMn.
1902 Sturtevvnt, Charles L.', Waalilngtnn,
D. O.
ALPHABBTICAL LIST Of MBMBSB8.
861
1922 Stuxtevant, 0«orge Abram, San Fran-
cisco, Cal.
Itn Sturtevant, Malcolm E.» Bostoo, lia».
Un Sturtc, Samuel. New York, N. Y.
192S Stuts, FKderick G., St. Paul, If inn.
Ifl7 Stylet, Samuel J., Baj City, Tezaa ■
1022 Suau, SaWador. San Juan, P. B.
1916 Sugar, Leon, Lake Charlee, La.
1921 Sugarman, S. Charles, New York, N. Y.
1906 fhiggett, Johp W., Cortland, N. Y.
1918 Sugl^rue, Michael J., Boston, Mass.
1914 Suirt, Frank 0., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1918 Suits. Fred E., OkUhoma aty. Okla.
1918 Sulgrove, James, Qioteau, Mont.
1919 BulliTan, Boetius H., Chioago, 111.
1918 SulllTaa. Comellui J.. Jr.. New York,
K. Y.
1919 Sulliran, Denis E.. Chicago, IlL
1919 SQllivan, Dennis W.. Chicago, lU.
1918 Sullivan, Edmund, Berlin, N. B.
1918 Sullivan. Edward M.. Providence, R. L
1914 Sullivan, Florence J.. New York, N. Y.
1906 Sullivan, Francis W., Duluth, Minn.
1918 Sullivan, Frank H., St. Louis, Mo.
19U SolUvan, Frank P., Sault Ste. Marie,
Mich.
1921 SnlUvan, Frederick J., New York, N. Y.
1921 Sullivan, Barry F., San Francisco. Cal.
ftsi Sullivan, Beniy J., Phoenix. Ariz.
1918 Sullivan. Bugh A., Akron, Ohio.
1906 Sullivan. J. J., Pensacola, Fla.
1914 Sullivan, James E.. Muskegon, Mich.
1916 Sullivan, James J., Denver, Colo.
1911 Sullivan, James W., Lynn, Mass.
1918 Sullivan, Jeremiah F., San Francisco,
Cal.
1918 Sullivan, Jerry B. (Des Moinea, Iowa),
New York, N. Y.
1918 Sullivan, John A., Boston, Mass.
1918 Sullivan, John B., Des Moines, Iowa.
1916 Sullivan, John B., Jr., Boston. Mass.
1918 Sullivan, John F., Altoona, Fa.
1980 Sullivan, John F., Mandan, N. D.
1918 Sullivan. John J.. Philadelphia, Pa.
1021 Sullivan, John J., Chicago, 111.
1914 Sullivan, John J., Cleveland, Ohio.
1916 Sullivan, John J., Seattle, Wash.
1920 Sullivan. John L., Prescott, Aria.
1918 Sullivan, John P., New Orleans, La.
1022 Sullivan, Joseph J., Chicago, lU.
1022 Sullivan, Leo S., Jersey City, N. J.
1018 Sullivan, Msrk A., Jersey City, N. J.
1021 Sullivan, Matt. L. San Francisco, Cal.
IflU Sullivan, Michael L., Salem, Mass.
1922 Sullivan, P. a, Tacoma, Wash.
1914 Sullivan,. Patrick fl., Manchester, N. B.
1916 Sullivan, Sam K., Newkirk, Okla.
1914 Sullivan, Thomas A., Buffalo, N. Y.
1918 SoUlvan, ThovoMB B., Worcester, Maas.
1011 Sullivan, William B.,
1022 Sullivan, Wm. C, Ghevy Chase, Md.
1018 Sulloway, Frank J., Ooneord, N. H.
1022 Sully, Wilberforce, New York, N. Y.
1887 SuUbergtr, Mayer, PhiUdelphia, Pa.
1014 Sukberger, Myron. New York, N. Y.
1018 Suker, William. New York, N. Y.
1990 Summerfleld, Lester D.; Beno, Nevada.
1014 Summerill, Joseph J.. Woodbmy, N. J.
1081 Summerlin, A., Winterhaven, Fla.
1018 Qimantn, Augustus N., Spri&gfldd,
Ohio.
1918 Snnmcra, Lane, Seattle, Wash.
1020 Summefi, Merle G., Boston, Man.
1021 Summera, Thomas J., Marietta, Ohio.
1916 SuBunera. W. D.. BarriaonviUe, Mo.
1022 Sunmer, Malcolm, New Yvk, N. Y.
1920 Sumpter, Orlando B., Bot Springs, Ark.
1920 Sunderland. Edson R.. Ann Arbor, Mioh.
1921 Surber, Edward Marshall, Charleston,
W. Va.
1913 Surr, Boward, San Bernardino, Cal.
1907 Surratt. WUliam B., Baltimore, Md.
1916 Susrosn, Leo B., San Frandsoo, CaL
1021 Sutdiffe, C. E., Mcintosh. & D.
1018 Sutherland, Arthur E.. Rochester, N. Y.
1918 SutherUnd, George (Salt Lake City,
Utah). Washington. D. O.
1011 Sutherland, George G., Janesvilla. Wis.
1020 Sutherland, W. A., Las Cnioes. N. M.
1020 Sutbon, Walter J., Jr., New Orleans, U.
1014 Sutphin, Dudley V.. Cincinnati. Ohio.
1013 Sutro, Oscar, San Francisco, Oal.
1004 Sutro, Theodore, New York, N. Y.
1016 Sutton, A. G., Alva, Okla.
1022 Sutton, Chaa. Thomaa, Los Angeles, Cal.
1017 Sutton, Isaac a, Philadelphia, Pa.
1010 Sutton, John B.. Tampa, Fla.
1912 Sutton, Robert Woods, Pittsburgh, Pa.
1021 Sutton, Simon T., Chicago, Bl.
1017 Swackhamer, Austin B.. Woodbury. N. J.
1021 Swaffleld, Phil M., Long Beach. Cbl.
1021 Swaffleld, Roland C, Long Beach, Cal.
1006 Swaira, Roger Dyer, Boston, Mass.
1016 Swain, Clarence Gordon, Bristol. N. H.
1021 Swain, George Warner, Chicago, UL
1017 Swain, Barold, New York, N. Y.
1021 Swain, J. E., Ashevllle, N. C.
1021 Swallow, Boward A., Danville, IlL
1022 Swan, Charles E., Spokane, Wash.
1014 Swan, Edgar M., Vancouver, Waah.
1016 Swan, Frank B., Providence, R. L
1011 Swan, George B., Beavn* Dam, WiSb
1916 Swan, Thomas W., New Baven, Conn.
1807 Swaney, W. B., Chattanooga, Tenn.
1022 Swann, Bany B., Atlantic, Iowa.
lOU Swansea, Sam T„ Milwaukee, Wis.
1982 Bwanson, F. O., Wichita Falls, Tex.
862
AMEBICAN BAB AB800IATIOK.
CLBOTBD
192U Sward. Praticis L.. Detroit, Mich.
192t SwRit, FYanklln, Redwood Oity, Oal.
1910 Swartley. Francii K., PbiladelphU, Pa.
19M 8warta» Solomon L., St. Louis, Ho.
191S Swarts, Arthur L., Milton. Pa.
ion SwartB, Lester B., New York, N. T.
1907 Swasej, John P., Canton. Maine.
1897 Swajn, Francis J., Newark, N. J.
ins Swearincen, J. M., Pittsburirh, Pa.
1020 Swearingen, Van 0., Jacksonville, Fla.
1019 Sweeney. Earl A., Providence. R. L
1010 Sweeney, John J., Prescott, Aria.
lOlS Sweeney. John W.. Providfoee, R. I.
1010 Sweeney, Joseph O., Providence, R. L
102S Sweet, A. R., San Diego. CH.
1021 Sweet, Joe O., San Frandeco, Oal.
1018 Sweetland, Monroe M.. Ithaca, N. T.
1010 Sweetland, William H.. Providence, R. L
1011 Sweetser, George A., Boston. Mast.
1022 Sweeay, Frank A., New York, N. Y.
1018 Swett, Prank W.. Chicago. 111.
1800 Swetting, Ernest V., .Algona, Iowa.
1921 Swietlik, Francis X., Milwaukee, Wis.
1805 Swift, Charles M., Ferrlsburg, Vt.
1010 Swift. H. H.. Columbus. Oa.
1911 Swift. James Marcus. Boston, Mass.
lOlS Swig. Louis, Taunton, Mass.
1010 Swiger, Arlen G., New York, N. Y.
lOao Bwiggart, W. H., Jr., Nashville. Teon.
1021 Swinford. M. C, Cynthiana, Ky.
1021 Swing, James B., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1022 Swing, Ralph E., Ssn Bernardino, CaL
1021 Swinland, Ingman, Lakota. N. D.
1014 Swisher, B. P., Waterloo, Iowa.
1022 Swlsler, Oharles A., Sacramento, Oal.
1021 SwisBler, WillUm R., Chicago. HI.
1014 Swoope, Roland D., Curwensville, Pa.
1010 ^kes, Archibald. Baltimore. Md.
1018 Svkes, Charles Lee. Ashevllle. N. C.
1022 Qykes, Robert H., Durham, N. O.
1018 Sykes, William 8., Chester, Pa.
1010 Byrne, Bernard C, Petersburg. Ya.
1014 Syme* Conrad H., Washington, D. C.
1020 Syme, Sydney A., Mt. Vernon, N. Y.
1011 Symes, J. Foster. Denver, Colo.
1021 Symes, John J., Ohicago, 111.
Ifll Siymmers. James Keith, New York,
N. Y.
1022 Symmes. William B., Jr., New York,
N. Y.
1010 Symonds. Stuart O., Portland, Me.
1021 Symons. William L., Washington, D. 0.
1008 [^nne<ttvedt. Paul. Philadelphia, Pa.
1018 Synnott, J. H., Dallas, Texas.
1022 Ssold, Robert, New York, N. Y.
1014 Tabb, George Cary, Louisville. Ky.
1922 Taber, B. J. L., Elko, Nev.
UU Tabor, Ira R., Davenport, lowi.
■LBOTED
1022 Tade, Frank, Sacramento, Cal.
1018 Taft. Edgar S., Gloucester. Mass.
1887 Taft, Bliha B., Burlington, Vt.
1022 T%ft, Frank, WUlits, Oal.
1011 Taft. Henry W., New York, N. Y.
1021 Taft. Robert A., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1921 Taft, Walbridge 8.. New York, N. Y.
1896 Taft, William H.. Waahlngton, D. C.
1018 Taggart, E. J., Wellington, Bans.
1000 Tsggart, Ganaon, Grand Rapfdi, Mich.
1021 Taggart, James B., JelfeiWDvllle, Ind.
1014 Taggart, Jay P.. Cleveland, Ohio.
1890 Taggart, W. Rash. New York. N. Y.
1922 Tague, Paul, New Lexington, Ohio.
1922 Tague, Vincent,'New Lexington, Ohio.
1011 Taintor, Giles, Boston, Mass.
1010 Tait, Edgar W., Pittsburgh, Pa.
1018 Tait, Edwin E., Pittsburgh, Pa.
1014 Talbtrd, Thomas, Beaufort. 8. O.
1022 Talbot, Aubert L., Napoleonsvllle, La.
1913 Talbot, Edmund H., Boston. Maaa
1015 Talbot, George F., Reno, Nevada.
1914 Talbot, Harry A., New Yoit, N. Y.
1917 Talbott, E. D., Elkins. W. Vs.
1922 Talbott. Edward J., San Francisco. Oal.
1920 Talbott, James H., Kshokm, Mo.
1920 Tslcott. Thaddeus M.. South Bend. Ind.
1919 Taliaferro, Sidney F., Washington, D. C
1912 Taliaferro, Thos. Seddon, Jr.. Bock
Springs. Wyo.
1618 Tall. Webster C, Baltimore, Md.
1918 Talley, Robert H.. Richmond, Va.
1906 Tsllman. Boyd J., Seattle, Wash.
1910 Tallman, Stanley D., Janesrllle, Wis.
1921 TannentMum, Samuel W., New York,
N. Y.
1017 Tanner, Frederic C, New York, N. Y.
1010 Tanner, Harold B., Providence, R. I.
1014 Tanner, W. V., Seattle, Wash.
1017 Tenser, Laurence Arnold, Mount Vernon.
N. Y.
1022 Tappaan, Clair &, Los Angeles, Oal.
1007 Tappan, J. B. Coles, New York, N. Y.
1918 Tapscott. James R., Yreka, CaL
1921 Tarbell, George S., Ithaca, N. Y.
1922 Tasheira, A. G., Oakland, OaL
1910 Tate. Hugh M., Knozvllle. Tena^
1910 Tatlow, William D., SpringfleTd. Mo.
1910 Tatman, Charles T., Worcester. Unsa.
1921 Tstum, Frank M., Dalhart, Texas.
1921 Tatum, Reese, Dalhart, Texas.
1912 Tsub, Otto, Houston, Tfexsa.
1908 Taulane, Joseph H., Philadelphia, 1*a.
1921 Tausch, J. Franklin, New York, K. Y.
1922 Tausky, Alexander A., New York, N. Y.
1915 Taylor, Amos Lesvitt, Boaton, llMa.
1911 Tsylor, Archibald R., Baltimor*, Hi.
1914 Taylor, B B, Baton Boqge, Lft.
ALPHABBTICAL LIST 07 MBMBSB8.
863
BcnJainiB, Port Ghctter, N. T.
Charles E., Seattle, Waah.
Caiarica L, New York, N. T.
Ctolenun, RuaaeUville, Ky.
Daniel G., St Looia, Mo.
Daniel, ChicagOp IlL
Dudley, Ohicago, IlL
E. A., QreenTille. Kj.
E. H., Morriatown, Tenn.
Edward Everett, Paaadena, Oal.
Edward H., Chieaffo, IlL
Edward L, Boaton, Maaa.
Frank Oarroll, New York, N. T.
Frederick C, Stamford, Conn.
Georire H.-, Chicago, IlL
George H., New York, N. Y.
H. B., Key Wett, Fla.
H. L., Charlotte, N. C.
Hannia, Waihington, D. C.
Harold, Indlanapolia, Ind.
Harold J.. Boston, Maaa.
,*Hil]ainan, Trenton, Tenn.
J. G., Pine Bluff, Ark.
John C. R.; Middletown, N. Y.
John Robert, New York, N. Y.
Jonathan, Akron, Ohio.
Joaeph D., Boston, llaaa.
Joseph T., Philadelphia, Pa.
LeaUe J., Tayloarille, ni.
Myron C, New York, N. Y.
Myron D., St Paul, Minn.
Orla B., Detroit, Mich.
Onrille J., Jr.. Chicago, DL
Paul a, Miami, Fla.
Perry Post, St Louis, Ma
R. E., Fort Worth, Texaa.
R. P., Paragould, Ark.
Tazewell, Norfolk, Va.
Thomas, Jr., Chicago, UL
W. F., Goidaboro, N. C.
Walter C, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Walter F., New York. N. Y.
Warner V., Boston, Maaa.
Whitman, Chicago, 111.
William Annan, Chicago, QL
Wm. H., Hardwick, Vt
Winthrop, New York, N. Y.
Zachaiy P., Rochester, N. Y.
1914 Teagarden, Bruce W., San Antonio^
Texaa.
190B Teal, Joseph N., Portland, Oregon.
lOa TealL Maynard C, Pittsburgh, Penn.
1901 Tears, Daniel W., Denver, Colo.
1918 Tecklenburg, F. J., Belleville, HI.
1951 Teed, Frank B., Chicago, IlL
1913 Teegardcn, John 0., Toledo, Ohio.
1910 Teeling, Richard 8., Boston, Maaai
1952 Teeta. Herbert M.. New York, N. Y.
28
1911 Taylor,
19n Taylor,
1914 Taylor,
1921 Taylor,
1917 Taylor,
1920 Taylor,
1921 Taylor,
1916 Taylor,
1921 Taylor,
1922 Taylor,
1919 Taylor,
1918 Taylor,
1921 Taylor,
1909 Taylor,
1921 Taylor,
1918 Taylor,
1911 Taylor,
1917 Taylor
1906 Taylor,
lfl4 Taylor,
1919 Taylor,
1960 Taylor,
1960 Taylor,
1914 Taylor,
1906 Taylor^
1910 Taylor,
1921 Taylor,
1894 Taylor,
1912 Taylor,
1914 Taylor,
1918 T^lor
1917 Taylor,
1916 T^lor
1921 Taylor,
1911 Taylor,
1921 Taylor,
1916 Taylor,
1918 Taylor,
1906 Taylor,
1922 Taylor
1981 Taylor,
1906 Taylor,
1921 Taylor
1922 n^ylor,
19S1 Taylor,
1919 Taylor
1921 Taylor
1921 Taylor,
KLBCTin
1918 Tdian, George W., Springfield, Ohio.
1910 Teigen, Tore, Sioux Falla, 8. D.
1918 Teiaen, Axel, Philadelphia, Pa.
1921 Teiser, Sidney, Portland, Ore^.
1912 TteUer, Carroll A., Chicago, UL
1919 Teller, James H., Denver, Oolo.
1920 Tellner, Louis' ti., Jamestown, N. D.
1922 Temple, Frank L, Fargo, N. D.
1911 Templeton, Richard H., Buffalo, N. Y.
1915 Ten Broek, G. H., St Louia, Mo.
1921 Tener, Alexander C, Pittaburgh, Peon.
1914 Tennant, George G., Jeraey City, N. J.
1902 Tennant, W. Bxydon, Richmond, Va.
1921 Tenney, Charles E., Manila. P. I.
1914 Tenn^, Charles Homer, Madison, Wis.
1921 Tenney, Henry F., Chicago, HI.
1886 Tenney, Horace Kent, Chicago, HI.
1921 Tenny, Jacob Legion, Chicago, 111.
1922 Terrell, Dick 0., San Antonio, Texas.
1921 Terrell, J. R., Columbus, Ga.
1914 Terrell, Robert M., Pocstello, Idaho.
1921 Terrell, William Ervin, Waco, Texas.
1908 Ttorriberry. George H., New Orleans, La.
1916 Teny, C. W., Edwardsville, HL
1921 Teny, Charles B., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1906 Tttry, Charles Tbaddeus, New York,
N. Y.
1920 Teny, Henry T., New York, N. Y.
1900 Teny, J. W., Galveston, Tfexaa.
1011 Teny, Walter J., Uttle Bock, Ark.
1922 Tesch, Frank S., Denver, Oolo.
IKI Teaterman, Ben H., KnoxviUe, Tens.
1912 Texidor, Jacinto, San Juan, Porto Rleo.
1922 Thadi, Robert Gordon, New York, N. Y.
1907 Tbacher, Archibald G., New York. N. Y.
1912 Thacher, John H., Kansas dty. Mo.
1922 Tbacher, Thomaa A., San Frandaco, Oal.
1919 Tharp, E. H., Walnut Ridge, Ark.
1922 Tharp, Lawrence H., San Frandseo, Ckl.
1918 Thatcher, Oeonge B., Reno, Nev.
1914 ThaxUr, Sidney St F., Portland, Maine.
1916 Thayer, Charlea M., Worcester, Maa&.
1922 niayer, Ira W., Berlin, N. H.
1911 Thayer, Wade Warren, Honolulu, Hawaii.
1909 llieard, Charles J., New Orleans, La.
1916 Theard, DelvalUe H.. New Orleans. Ls.
1922 Tbeisen, S. Joseph, San Francisco, Oal.
1918 Thelen, Max, San Francisco, GaL
1912 ITieobald, Thomaa Dudley, Grayson, Ky.
1922 Theodore, Millard E., New York, N. Y.
19Z1 TherUult William N., MontpeUer, Vt
1914 Theua, John C, Monroe, La.
1909 Thilborger, Edward J., New Orlcana, La.
1921 Thobaben, E. J., Cleveland, Ohio.
1887 Tbom, Alfred P., Waahinrton, D. a
1906 Thorn, Corcoran, Waahin^ton, D. 0.
1912 Thom, J. Pembroke, Baltimore, Md.
1922 Thomas, Albert E., Fort Wayne, Ind.
864
AHSBICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
KLBOTBD
1910 Tbomaa, Amoi, Omthft, Nebr.
1V17 Tfaofiifts, Charlefl R., New Bern, N. 0.
1806 ' TliomM, Charles S., Denver, Colo.
1900 Thomai, Edwin 8., New Haven. Conn.
1022 Thomai^ F. F.» Jr., San Frandaeo, Oal.
1918 Thoroaa, F. W., Aabevllle, N. C.
1921' Thomaa, Frederick' L., Obarleaton,
W. Va.
1918 Tliomaa, Howard B., Brlelle, N. J.
1914 Thomaa. J. J., Seward, Nebr.
1922 Tlioniaa, J. R., Ukiah. Oal.
1919 Thomas. J. Waties, Columbia. 8. G.
1922 Thomaa, Jamct If., San Francfaco. Oal.
1921 Thomas, James 8., Portsmouth, Ohio.
1907 lliomas, John P., Jr., Columbia. 8. C.
1914 Thomas, Joseph L., Camden, N. J.
1906 Thomaa. Morris St. Palais. Chicago, lU.
1920 Thomas, N. If., Oklahoms City, Okla.
1922 Thomaa, Otho 8., Rock Rapids, Iowa.
1912 Thomas, R. C. P.. Bowling Qreen, Kj.
1921 Thomas, Roy K., Ohica^o. 111.
1908 Thomas, Samuel H.. Philadelphia, Pa.
19tl Thomai^ Seth, Fort Dodge, Iowa.
1917 Thomas. Spencer M.. St Louis. Ifo.
1920 Thomas. Theodore If., Ladysmith, Wia.
1912 Thomas, Thomaa W., Bowling Green. Ky.
1920 Thomas, W. G. M., Chattanooga. Tenn.
1921 Thomaa, Warren B.. Portland, Oreg.
1921 Thomas, William, San Francisco, Oal.
1902 lliomas, William R.. SanU Ana, Cal.
1918 Thomas, William H.. Westminster, Ifd.
1911 Thomaa, William O., Kanaas City, Mo.
1920 Thomas, William 8., Plymouth, Mich.
1911 Thomp«>n, A. C. N., Middletown, N. T.
1906 Tliompson, A. M., Pittsburgh. Pa.
1919 Thompson, A. Scott. Miami. Okla.
1922 Thompson, Adam, San Diego, Oal.
1918 Thompson, Amos Burt, Clevelsnd, Ohio.
19S1 Thompson, Arthur Hsyes, LsGrange, Qa.
1910 Thompson, Arthur R., Titusville, Pa.
1916 Thompson. Carl N.. Roundup. Mont.
1922 "niompson, Charles A., Santa Clara, Cal.
1918 Thompson, Dell H., Bay City, Mich.
1921 Thompson, E. F., Sesttle, Wash.
1919 Thompson, Floyd E., Rock Island, III.
1921 Thompson, Francis M., Versailles. Ind.
1916 Thompson. Frank, Jacksonyille. N. O.
1920 llMmpson, Frank A., St Louis, Mo.
1913 lliompson, Frank D.. Barton. Vt
1918 Thompson, Frank E., Honolulu. Hawaii.
1922 Thompson, Fulton, Racine, Wis.
1920 Thompson, G. D., Webster City, Iowa.
1917 Thompson, George, Hudson, Wis.
1912 Thompson, George E., Bangor, Maine.
1921 Thompson, George M., Bement, HI.
1921 Thompson, Orover O., Lexington, Ej.
1913 Thompson, Guy A., St. Louis, Mo.
1017 Thompson, H. L., Riverside, CaL
■LBCTXD
1918 Thompson, Henry C, Jr., Philadelphia,
Pa.
1921 Thompson, Hope, Ohicaffo, HL
1913 Thompson, Horace B., Pocatello, Idaho.
1918 Thompson, Huston, Wsshington, D. C
1914 lliompson, J. A., Rogersville, Tenn.
1918 Thompson, J. Paul. Cleveland. Ohio.
1918 Thompson, J. Whitaker, Philadelphia.
Pa.
1921 Thompaon, John 0., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1912 Thompson, John C, Oshkosh, Wis.
1912 Thompson, John Walcott, Salt Laks
City, Utah.
1921 Thompaon, Joseph J., Chicago, HI.
1922 Thompson, L. L.. Olympia, Waah.
1019 Thompson, Lavem W., Chicago, lU.
1921 Thompson, lAnxj O., Lexington, Ky.
1918 Thompson, Marshall Putnam. Boston,
1922 Thompson, Nathan Webb. Portland, Me.
1922 Thompson, Ola D., Van Buren, Ark.
1921 Thompson, Paul J., Minneapolis, Minn.
1919 llMmpson, R. Dupont, Birminfflianm
Ala.
1922 lliompson, B. L., Santa Rosa, OaL
1913 Thompson, Robert F., Cknandaigon,
N. Y.
1802 Thompaon, Robert H., Jackson, MIh.
1021 Thompson, Robert W., Hackensnck,
N. J.
1021 Thompson, Uly C, Miami, Fla.
1013 Thompson, W. Lair, Portland, Ore.
1806 Thompson, Willlsm B., St. Louis, Mo.
1016 Thompson, William D., Racine, Wia.
1911 Thompson, William G., Boston. Mean.
1006 Thompson, William H., Paaadena, Oal.
1021 Thompson, William H., Indianapolis,
Ind.
1014 Thompson, William Hall, Greeley. C61«.
1022 Thorns, Clifford L., Los Angeles, OaL
1018 Thoms, William E.. WaterbuTy, Conn.
1019 Thomson, Charles M., Chicago, HI.
1016 Thomson, George J., New York. N. T.
1014 Thomson, W. D., Atlanta. Ga.
1921 Thomson, W. H. 8., Pittsburg. Penn.
1016 Thomson. William. Kansas City. Mo.
1022 Thonsnder, Oscar, Chicago, 111.
1922 Thorgrimson, O. B, Seattle, Waah.
1918 Thorington, J. W., Montgomery, Ala.
1014 Thorn, Charles E., New York. N. Y.
1018 Thomburg, George, St Clairsville. Ohio.
1017 Thomdyke, William. Cincinnati. Ohio.
1000 Thome, Clifford, Washington, lowm.
1014 Thome, Paul C, San Francisco, CnL
1907 Thome, Samuel, Jr., New York, K. T.
1022 Thomhill, J. B., Columbia, Ui.
1011 Thoraley, William H., Providence, B. L
1806 Thomton, Charles 8., Chicago, IlL
AlPSABSrlOAL UST <>t lIXlCfiEfid.
665
CLSCm
1919 Thornton, Ralph &• Alexandris* La.
1921 Thornton, Randolph, Chicago, IIL
1921 Thornton, 8. O., Alexandria, La.
1919 Thornton, W. W., Indianapolis, Ind.
1914 Thorp, Charles M., Pittaburgh, Pa.
1980 Thorp, George W., Fargo. N. D.
1920 Thorp, L. Ashton, Ifsnchester, N. EL
1921 Thorpe, Francis Newton, Pittshurgh,
Penn.
1921 Thorpe, 0. P., Wilmington, Ohio.
1921 Thorpe, Spencer, Los Angeles, Cal.
19S0 nirelkeld, L N.. Elvlne, Mo.
1919 Thrift, James Early, Sapulpa, OkU.
1007 Throckmorton, A. H., Cleveland, Ohio.
1806 Thnm, Willlsm Warwick, Louisville, Ky.
1922 Thunen, Frank, San Francisco, Cal.
191ft Thurman, Samuel R., Salt Lake City,
Utah.
1914 Thurston, Charles S., Saranac Lake« *
N. Y.
1919 Thurston, Edward A., Fell River, Msasi
1912 Thurston, Edward 8., N.ew Haven, Conn.
1018 Thurtell, Henry, Washington, D. G.
1918 Thweatt. Charles B., Little Rock, Ark.
1911 TIbbs, William L., Milwaukee, Wis.
1907 Tice. Dsvid, Lockport, N. T.
1921 Tidwell, Tennis, Albany, Ala.
1921 Tiemey, Patrick J.. Plsttsburg, N. T.
1922 TilTany, Ezra, Hoosick Falls, N. T.
1900 Tiffany, Francis B., SL Paul, Minn.
1016 Tiffany, Herbert T.. Baltimore. Md.
1922 Tiffany, J. Raymond, Hoboken, N. J.
1921 Tiffany, Reuben R., Freeport, 111.
1899 Tighe, Ambrose, St. Paul, Minn.
1906 Tillinghast, Frsnk W., Providence, R. I.
1906 TUlinghast, WiUlam R., Providence,
R. L
1802 Tillman, A. M., Nashville. Tenn.
1908 Tillman, John P., Birmingham, Ala.
1822 TSllotson, Lb N., Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
1918 Tilson, John Q., New Hsven, Coon.
1921 TUt. Edgar M.. Pateraon. N. J.
1918 Tilton, Frank P., Laconia. N. R.
1914 Timberlake, W. O., Jackson. Tenn.
1916 Timberman, William Swasey. Keokuk,
Iowa.
1917 Timlin. William H., Mflwaukee, Wis.
1916 Timroonds, H. W., Lamar. Mo.
mo Tinkham, C. Bonar, Hammond, Ind.
1920 Tinkham, Matthew H., Detroit. Mich.
1914 Tinley, Bmmet. Council Bluffs, Iowa.
1922 Tinning, W. S., Mtrtinex, Cal.
1907 Tlppett. Richard B.. Baltimore, Md.
1921 Tischbein, A. L., ancinnati, Ohia
1911 Tisdale, Archibald R., Boston. Msss.
1990 TIsinger, B. L., Oklahoma City, Okla.
1P21 Tison, Alexander, New York, N. Y.
1017 Tiaon, & 8., BennettsvUle, & O.
■LBOTSD
1811 Titche, Bernard, New Orleans, La.
1922 Titlow, A. R., Tacoma, Wash.
1910 Titsworth, Frederick S.. New York,
N. Y.
1921 Titsworth, John A., Ruahville, Ind.
1917 Titus, A. J., Cherokee, Okla.
1800 Titus, Frank, Kansas Ctty. Mo.
1922 Titus, Horton L., San Diego, OaL
1922 Titus, Louis, San Francisco, Oal.
1921 Titus- Werner, M. SUnleyetU, New
York, N. Y.
1912 Tivnen. Bryan H., Mattoon, 111.
1914 Tobias, Julius D.. New York, N. Y.
1922 Tbbin, Charles J., Albany, N. Y.
1921 Tohin, Harold E., Chicago, IIL
1909 Tobin, John F., New Orleans, La.
1920 Tobriner, Leon, Washington, D. 0.
1921 Todd, Albert C, Lsurens, S. C.
1921 Todd, Ambrose 0., New York, N. Y.
1922 Todd. Clarence E., San Francisco, Gal.
1906 Todd, Elmer E., Seattle, Waab.
1914 Tbdd, G. Carroll. Washington, D. O.
1921 Todd, George E., Bridgewater, S. D.
1913 Todd, Hiram C. Saratoga Springs, N. Y.
1919 Todd, Hiram E., Peoria. lU.
1910 Todd, James. Chicago, lU.
ion Todd, Joe William, Hammond, Ind.
1918 Todd, John King, Shelbyvi'le, Ky.
1887 Todd, M. Hampton, PhiladelpbU. Pa.
1912 Todd, Oliver J., Beaumont, Texaa.
1921 Toland, Thomas 0., Los Angeles, Cal.
1919 Tolbert, Raymond Augustin, Oklahoms
aty, Okla.
1921 Toler, J. Albert, Mullens, W. Vt.
1922 Toll, Henry Wolcott, Denver. Colo.
1921 Tolliver. A. N., LouisvUle, HI.
1908 Tolrosn, Edgar B., Chicago. HI.
1911 Tolman, Warren W., Olympia, Wash.
1915 Tomlinaon, Roy E., New York, N. Y.
1921 Tompkins, Chsrles H., Presoott, Ark.
1914 Tompkins. F. Q., Columbia. S. O.
1921 Tompkina, George H., Chicago, 111.
1014 Tompkins, Leslie J., New York, N. Y.
1914 Tompkins, Millsrd F., New York. N. Y.
1918 Tompkins, Walter K., New York, N. Y.
1921 Tompkins, Wm. D., Hillsville, Va.
1911 Tompkins, William V., Prescott. Ark.
1921 Toner, T. A., Grand Forks, N. D.
1922 Tbner, Wilber A., Walla Walla, Wash.
1921 Tooke, Charles W., Washington, D. 0.
1914 Toole, John Conway, New York. N. Y.
1912 Toolen, Clarence A., Chicago, 111.
1920 Toombs, Fred S., Memphis, Tenn.
1904 Toomer, W. M., Jaekaonville, Fla.
1922 Toomey, Edmond Galbraith» Helena,
Mont
1921 Tooae. Walter L., McMinnville, Oreg. -
1914 Topliff, Samoel, Chicago, lU.
^66
AMERICAir BAB ASSOOIATtON.
BLS
1919 Torbet, Lewis K., Clhia«o, IlL
192S Torchiana, H. A. Van O., San Francisco,
Oal.
1911 Toro. Emilio del, San Juan, P. R.
1916 Toro, F. Manuel. Ponce, Porto Rico.
1922 Torrance. E. Swift, San Die^o, Oal.
1922 Torregano, Ernest J., San Fianciaoo, Cal.
1922 Torres, Luis Llwens, San Juan, P. R.
1918 Toney, James H., Scranton, Pa.
1912 Torrison, Oscar If., Evanston, 111.
1918 Tossell, William J., Norwalk, Ohio.
19tl Touchton, William J., Winterharen,
Fla.
1921 Tourje, Ebon Carl, Chicago, 111.
1916 Tower, Edwin B. H.. Jr., Milwaukee,
Wis.
1897 Towle, Henry 8., Chicago, 111.
1916 Towle, William W.. Boston, Mass.
1918 Towles, Therrett, Wallace, Idaho.
19SI Towne, Paul R., New York, N. T.
1921 Towne, Perpy E., San Francisco, Cal.
1914 Towner, R. M., (Washington, D. C.)
Coming, Iowa.
1918 Towner, Rutherford H., New York. N. T.
1914 Townes, E. E., Houston, Texas.
1921 Townes, Heniy K., Greenville, S. C.
1909 Townes, John C, Austin, Texas.
1917 Townes, John C, Jr., Houston, Texas.
19Q1 Townes, William A., Wilmington. N. C
1916 Townsend, Charles E., San Francisco,
Cal.
1922 Townsend. Dallas S., New York, N. Y.
1920 Townsend, Fred Blair, Phoenix. Arix.
1914 Townsend, Gerard B., New York. N. Y.
1918 Tbwnsend, Harold G., Chicago, 111.
1918 Townsend, Henry C, New York, N. Y.
1917 Townsend, Howsrd, New York. N. Y.
1914 Townsend. Joseph B.. Jr., Philadelphia.
Pa.
1921 Townsend, Myron T., New York, N. Y.
1917 Townsend, N. A., Dunn, N. C.
1914 Townsend, Sylyester D.. Jr., Wilming-
ton, Del.
1914 Townsend, T. C, Charleston, W. Vs.
1914 Townsend. W. H.. Columbia, S. C.
1921 Townsend, Wallace. Little Rock, Ark.
1921 Townsend, William H., Lexington, Ky.
1909 Townshend, Henry H., New Haven, Conn.
1918 Trabert. Charles L., Berkeley, Cal.
1912 Trabue, Charles C, Nashville, Tenn.
1881 Trabue, Edmund F., Louisville, By.
1911 Tracey, James F., Albany, N. Y.
1921 Traoy, John O., Hudson, N. Y.
1918 Tracy, John E., New York, N. Y.
1921 Trainor, Charles J., Chicago, III.
1921 Trainor, James Jerome, Chicago, HI.
1918 Thunmsll, a M., Washington, D. C.
1921 Tramutolo, dwuncey, San Francisoo,
Cal.
918 Trapnell, Benjamin, New York, N. T.
921 Trapp, Harold P., Lincoln, HI.
920 Trapp, M. E., Oklahoma City, Okla.
916 Travleso, Martin, San Juan, Porto Rioo.
920 Travis, De Hull N., Flint, Mich.
916 Travis, Philip H., Grand Rapids, Mieb.
911 Travis, S. E.. Hattiesburg, Miss.
919 Trawick, J. I., Little Rock, Ark.
921 Traxler, Dean Lake, Chicago, HI.
918 Traynor, Fred. J.. Devils Lake, N. D.
921 Treacy, Philip H., Chicago, IlL
922 Treadwell, Alliens Wetmore, Ban Diego,
Osl.
921 Treadwell, Edward F., San Fysodsoo,
Cal.
91^ Treadwell, Eugene, New Yorit, N. Y.
91S «Treadwell, Stephen C, Oklahoma City.
Okla.
921 Treat, Archibald J., San Frandsoo, Cal.
922 Treat, Fk^ A., Monterey, Cal.
906 Trefethen. D. B.. Seattle, Wash.
922 Tremont, Edwin J., San Francisoo, OU.
914 Trenchard, Thomas W., Trenton, N. J.
914 Trent, Edmund K., Pittsburgh, Fa.
915 Trevor, Walter M., Detroit, Mich.
921 Trewin, H. R.. Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
921 Trewin. James H., Cedar Rapids, lowm.
921 Trexler, Fraiyk M., Allentown. Penn.
918 Tribit, Charles H., Jr., Los Angeles, QaL
894 Trickett. WiUiam, Carlisle, Pa.
907 Trieber, Jacob. Little Rock, Ark.
921 Trimble, Cairo A., Princeton, IH
916 Trimble, Francis H., Kansas City. Mo.
910 Trimble, James M., Chattanooga, Tcbsl
916 Trimble, Samuel D.. Pueblo, Colo.
917 Trimble, Thomas C, Jr., Lonoke, Ark.
922 Trinkle, E. Lee, Richmond, Va.
914 Trippe, James McC., Baltimore. Md.
899 Trippet, Oscar A., Los Angeles, OsL
912 Triska, Joseph F., Chicago, III.
921 Trobaugh, Frank B., West Frankfort, m.
917 Trost, Hugo J., Milwaukee, Wis.
907 Trott, Joseph M., Bath, Maine.
909 Troup, Charles, Danville, 111.
921 Troup, Loviek P., Decatur, Ala.
920 Troutman, James A., Topeka, Kans.
920 Trowbridge, Delger, San Frsncisco, GU.
920 Troy, Alexander, Montgomery, Ala.
921 Troy, P. M., Olympia, Wash.
914 Trude, Daniel P., Chicago. HI.
916 Trude, Samuel H., Chicago, Ul.
918 Truesdell, John F., Denver, ColO).
912 Trumbull, Donald 8., Chicago, 01.
921 Trumbull, Thomu F., Port
Wash.
1921 Trygstad, O. O., Btookii«i, & D.
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF MEMBSB8.
867
1900 TiTon, Charles J., MiiuieapoUi* lOiin.
1922 Tucker, George W., New York, N. T.
1809 Tucker, Henry St. George, LeKiagton,
Ve.
1922 Tucker, J Z., San Diego, Oal.
1917 Tucker, J. Randolph, Richmond, Va.
1918 Tucker, John T., Baltimore, Md.
1920 Tucker, Milton H., St. Louia, Ho.
1916 Tucker, Robert, Portland, Ore.
1920 Tucker, William F., Tulaa, Okla.
1906 Tucker, WUmon, Seattle, Wash.
1922 Tuckerman, EUot, New York, N. T.
1919 Tuller, Walter K.. Loa Angdea, CaL
1916 TttUer, WUlia Norman. Beaton, Mam.
1921 Tbllia, Hugh, Vidalia, La.
19U TuUia, R. L., Baton Rouge, La.
1980 Tully, Jamea E., Kenoiha, Wis.
1914 Tully, William J., New York, N. T.
1921 Tumulty, Joieph P., Waihington, D. O.
1922 Tunney, Joaepb J., Philadelphia, Pa.
1911 TunsUll, Robert B.. Norfolk, Va.
1922 Tupper, W. C, Fremio, ObI.
1920 Turck, Charlea J., Naahvllle, Tenn.
1921 Turley, Jay, Waahington, D. O,
1914 Tumbull, N., Lawrenceville, Va.
1918 Tumbull, N. S., Jr., Victoria, Va.
1918 Turner, Aloneo G., Tarapa, Fla.
1919 Turner, Arthur L., Wilkea-Barre, Pa.
1921 Turner, Charles D., Dallaa, Texas.
1921 Turner, E. O., Pangaainan, P. L
1918 Turner, Earl R., Dayton, Ohio.
1916 Turner, Edward C, Oblumbua, Ohio.
1922 Turner, Frank O., Jersey Oity, N. J.
1904 Turner, George, Spokane, Waah.
1906 Turner, Harry R., Pocatello, Idaho.
1918 Turner, J. H., Oklahoma City, Okla.
1920 Turner, Jamea, Detroit, Mich.
1921 Turner, Jerome E., Muskegon, Mich.
1922 Turner, Joseph M., Aabury Park, N. J.
1922 Turner, Richard A., Los Angeles, Cal.
1916 Turner, RoUIn A, Greenaburg, Ind.
1918 Turner, Samuel Epes, St Paul, Minn.
1897 Turner, Smith D.. Parkersburg, W. Vs.
1916 Turner, Thomaa C, Colorado Springs,
Colo.
1917 Turner, W. D., Statesville, N. C.
1914 Turner, W. R., Washington, D. CL
1921 Turner, Willard J., Muskegon, Mich.
1917 Turner, Willism B., Columbia, Tenn.
1918 Turner, William D., Cleveland, Ohio.
1907 Turner, William Jay, Philadelphia, Pa.
1910 Tumey, John E., NashTille, Tenn.
1916 Tumey, John R., St. Louis, Mo.
1914 Tum^, W. W., El Paso, Texaa.
1918 Turpin, Rees, Kanaaa City, Mo.
19197 Turrell, Edgar A., New York, N. Y.
1922 Turrentine, L. N., Esoondido, Osl.
1914 Tuska, Benjamin, New York. N. Y.
1915 Tutberly, IHlUam, UurT, Del.
1922 Tuthhill, John 8., Waterloo, Iowa.
1906 Tuthill, Harry B., Michigan City, Ind.
1912 Tuttle, Arthur J., Detroit, Mich.
1921 Tuttle, Burton B., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1918 Tuttie. Charlea H., New York, N. Y.
1916 Tuttle, Grove J., New Haven, Conn.
1022 Tuttle, Hiram D., San Jose, Oal.
1002 Tuttle, J. Bimey, New Haven, Conn.
1916 Tuttle, James Patterson, Manchester,
N. U. *
1914 Tuttle, Samuel J., Lincoln, Nsbr.
1921 Tweed, Harriaon, New York, N. Y.
1907 Twitcfaell. La Fayette, Denver, Colo.
1921 Twitty, Frank Elmore, Brunswick, Ga.
1900 Twombly, George a. Fort Morgan,
Cola
1921 Twomey, D. Ryan, Chicago, HI.
1921 Twyeffort, FVank H., New York, N. Y.
19S2 Twyman, Lewis, Miami, Fla.
1908 T^e, John L., AtlanU, Ga.
1821 lyier, Albert W.. Olympia, Wssh.
1916 Tyler, C. H., Long Beach, Oal.
1894 Tyler, Chsrles H., Boston. Mass.
1911 Tyler, Frederick S., Wsshington, D. C.
1922 Tyler, Harriet P., San Francisco, Oal.
1922 Tyler, John F., San Francisco, Oal.
1911 Tyler, Marion L., Boston, lisss.
1918 Trier, BoUin U., Tylerville, Conn.
1922 lyier, Rnssel P., San Francisco, Oal.
1918 Tyler, S. Heth, Norfolk, Vs.
1921 Tyler, Wilfred M., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1910 Tyne, Thomaa J., Nashville, Tenn.
1922 lynea, Buford C, Huntington, W. Va.
1914 Tyrrell, John F., Chicago, IlL
1915 Tyson, A. Morria, Baltimore, Md.
1912 Tyaon. Charlea M., Darien. Ga.
1922 Udell, O. E., Yakima, Waah.
1906 Ueland, A., Minneapolis, Minn.
1021 Ulbrich, Adolph, Elisabeth. N. J.
1021 UUman, M. M., Birmingham, Ala.
1916 Ullmann, Frederic, Chicago, III.
1914 Ulman. William Alban, New York, N. Y.
1920 Ulrich, Bany S.. Honolulu, H. T.
1008 Umbel. Robert E., Uniontown, Pa.
1915 Umstead. Charlea H.. Washington, D. O.
1914 Underwood. E. Marvin. Atlanta, Oa.
1921 Underwood, Mell O.. New Lexington,
Ohia
1021 Underwood, Oscar W., Jr., Washington,
D. 0.
1922 Underwood, P. R., Amsrillo, Texaa.
1914 Untermyer, Alvln, New York, N. Y.
1911 Untermyer, Samuel, New York. N. Y.
1921 Upchurch, Frank D., Femandina, Fla.
1915 Upahur, George Martin, Snow Hill, Md.
1917 Upthegrove, Daniel, St. Louis. Mo.
1922 Upton, Clark C, HUlyard, Wash.
868
AMEBICAN BAR ASSOCIATION.
BLBCTBD
1916 Upton, Ernest B., Cripple Creek, Colo.
1922 Upton, Jay, Prineville, Ore.
1921 Urban, Charles H., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1921. Urban, P. O., Timber Lake, S. D.
1921 Urbanski, Augustus O., Chicago, 111.
1922 U*Ren, Milton T., San Francisco, Gal.
1905 Urion, Alfred R., Chicago, 111.
1920 Urion, Henry K., Chicago, 111.
1911 Umer, Hammond, Frederick, Md.
1910 Uaera, J. Hernandez, San Juan, P. R.
1921 Usher, Thomas, Cincinnati, Ohio.
1921 Utley, J. S., Little Rock, Ark.
1919 Utaey, Walter S., St. George, 8. C.
1913 Vaaler, Rolleff, Milaca, Minn.
1922 Vaenen, Bertha, Denver, Colo.
1911 Vahey, James H., Boeton, Mass.
1920 Vaile, William N., Washington, D. C.
1914 Vaill, Edward B., New York. N. Y.
1911 Vale. Ruby R.. Philadelphia, Pa.
1912 Valentine, A. Jay, Parsons, W. Va.
1921 Valentine, Carl H., Columbus, Ohio.
1922 Valentine, Louis Hulett, Los Angeles,
Cal.
1921 Valentine. M. F., Madisonville, Tenn.
1922 Vallee, Patil, Los Angeles, Gal.
1909 Van Allen, John W., Buffalo, N. Y.
1918 Van Allen, W. B., Carthage, N. Y.
1918 Vanartsdalen, Isaac J., Doylestown, Pa.
19?2 Van Benschoten, Charles M., Flint, Mich.
1918 Van Benschoten, William H., New York.
N. Y.
1921 Van Bibber. . Gyrus B., Huntington,
W. Va.
1921 Van Blarcom, Frederick W., Paterson,
N. J.
1907 Van Buskirk, DeWitt, Bayonne, N. J.
1921 Vance, John T., Jr., Washington, D. C.
1920 Vance. Robert D., Henderson. Ky.
1914 Vance. Victor. Qadsden, Ala.
1908 Vance, William R., New Haven. Conn.
1922 Van Cise, Philip S., Denver, Colo.
1921 Van Cleave, Thomas M.. Kansas City,
Kan.
19S0 Van Cleave, William M., Macon. Mo.
1912 Van Cleef, Mynderse, Ithaca, N. Y.
1921 Van Cleve, Frank, Paterson. N. J.
1921 Van Cleve, Garret, Paterson, N. J.
1918 Van Cott, Ray. Salt Uke City, Uuh.
1911 Van Cott, Waldemar, Salt Lake City,
UUh.
1919 Vanderhoof, Nelson B., Boston, Mass.
1918 Van Der Lipp, Wm. Theo., East Orange,
N. J.
1914 Vanderpool, Wynant D., Newark, N. J.
1904 Vandervort, James W., Parkeraburg, W.
Va.
1921 Vanderwart, Herman, Hackensack, N. J.
1918 Van DerWerker, Jerome, Reno, Nev.
ILBOTBD
1888 Van Devanter, Willis, (Cheyamt, WyoJ^
Washin^on, D. C
1918 Vandeventer, Braden, Norfolk, Va.
1897 Van Deventer, Horace, Knoxville, Teim.
1921 Van De Water, John B., Pouffhkeepatep
N. Y.
1914 Vandiver, Almuth Cunnin^uim, New
York, N. Y.
1917 Van Doren, R. N., Chicago, 111.
1911 Van Dusen, Lewis H., Philadelphia, P».
1915 VanDuyn, O. M., San Frandaoo, CaL
1922 Van Dyke, B. F., Sacramento, Cal.
1912 Van Dyke, Douglass, Milwaukee, Wis.
1898 Van Dyke, George D., Milwaukee, Wis.
1921 Van Dyke, Harry Weston, Washinflrton,
D. a
1922 Van Dyke, John B., Seattle. Wash.
1922 Van Dyke, Will, Ukiah, Cal.
1916 Van Dyke. William, Detroit, Mich.
1883 Van Dyke. William D., Milwaukee, Wlai
1907 Van Etten, John G., Kingston, N. Y.
1906 Van Everen, Horace, Boston, Mass.
1921 Van Fleet, Alan C, Ban Franciaco, OaL
1918 Van Fleet, Carey, San Francisoo, Cal.
1914 Van Fleet, William C, San Frmnciaoo,
Cal.
1921 Van Gelder, George W., Long Branch,
N. J,
1922 Van Harvey, G. Harris, St. Paul. Minn.
1917 Van Horn, Charles F., Philadelphia. Pa.
1911 Van Iderstine, Robert. New York, N. Y.
1921 Vanier, Raoul W., Chicago, HI.
1915 Van Kirk, Charles C, Greenwidi. N. T.
1912 Van Law, C. H., Marshall town, towa.
1921 Van Lill, H. Frank, CleveUnd, Ohio.
1912 Vann, Irving Dillaye, Siyracuae, N. Y.
1921 Van Natta, John Edward, Chicago. HI.
1921 Van Nen. T. C, Jr., San Franciaoo.
Cal.
1901 Van Orsdel. Josiah A., Washington. D. C.
1916 Vsn Orsdel, R. A., OmaHa, Nebr.
1922 Van Osdol, Paul, Brookfleld, Mo.
1921 Van Pelt, Walter G., Los Angeles, OaL
1922 Van Ruff, W. F., Seattle, Waah.
1911 Vans Agnew, P. A., Winter Park, FUu
1919 Van Sant, Frank, Washington, D. C
1914 Van Santvoord, Seymour, Troy, N. T.
1921 Van Schaick, Guy. Chicago, 111.
1906 Van Sinderen, Howard, New York. N. T.
1917 Van Swearingen, John Q., Uniootown,
Pa.
1918 VanValkenburg, Arba &, Kansaa City,
Mo.
1922 Van Vranken, Edward, Stockton. Oal.
1922 Van Winkle, Albert, New York, N. Y.
1922 VanWinkle, C. H., San Diego, OaL
1912 Van Winkle, KIngsland, Ashevllle, N. a
1922 Van Winkle, Marshall, Jersey City. N. J.
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF MEMBSBS.
869
KLBOTJBD
1021 Van Wyck, Sidney M., Jr.. San Fran-
ciaco, Cal.
1908 Tan Zante, John, Portland Oregon.
1917 Varga, H. E., Cleveland, Ohio.
191S Varian, Bertram S., Weiaer, Idaho.
1921 Varlel, R. H. F., Jr., Los Angelea, OaL
1918 Vamer, T. T.. Poteau, Oklahoma.
19S2 Vamey, Lucius E., New York, N. T.
1022 Vamum, George Martin, Berkeley, Cal.
1914 Varser, L. R., Lumberton, N. C.
1901 Yates, William B., Pueblo, Colo.
ItlB Yauffhan, Athelitan, Long Island City,
N. Y.
1920 Yaughan, Emmet, Dea Arc, Ark.
1911 Yaughan, Ernest H., Worcester, Man.
1912 Yaughan, George, Little Rock, Ark.
1911 Yaughan, Henry 0., Boston, Mass.
1920 Yaughan, Horace W., Honolulu, Hawaii.
1920 Yaughan. John C, St. Louis, Mo.
1921 Yaughan, John R., Akron, Ohio.
1921 Yaughan, W. W., Pawhuska, Okla.
1920 Yanghn, Loren, Phoenix, Aria.
1922 Yaughn, OrriUe R.. San Francisco, Oal.
1910 Yaugh^, Robert, Naahville, Tenn.
1918 Yaughn, W. Frank, Altoona, Pa.
1922 Yeale, TInkham, Topeka, Kans.
1911 Yeaaey, James A., Tulsa, Okla.
1913 Yeazfe, A. L., Portland, Ore.
1922 Yedder, Beverly B.. Chicago. HI.
1908 Veeder, Henry, Chicago, 111.
1920 Yeeder, John DeWItt, Laa Yegaa, N. U.
1918 Yeeder, Yan Yechten, New York. N Y.
1912 Yelde, Franklin L, Pekin, 111.
1921 Yelikanje, E. B., Yakima, Wash.
1920 Yenable, John, Albuquerque, N. M.
1921 Yenables, R. J., Yakima, Wash.
1921 'Yeneman, Albert J., Evansville, Ind.
1922 Yerheyen, A. J., Los Angeles, Oal.
1918 Yernon, A. H., Little Falls, Minn.
1907 Yernon, Irving E., Portland, Maine.
1918 Yer Ploeg, C, Oskalooea, Iowa.
1907 Yerrill, Hany M., Portland, Maine,
1889 Yertrees, John J., Nashville, Tenn.
1920 Yesey, David Studabaker, Fort Wayne,
Ind.
1921 Yestal, Allan P., Indianapolis, Ind.
1917 Yetsburg. Karl M., St. Louis. Mo.
1921 Yette, John Lyle, Chicago, III.'
1014 Ylcars, O. M., Wise, Ya.
1917 Yickery, Willis, Cleveland, Ohio.
1912 Yidal. Henry C. Denver, Colo.
1918 Yiele, Dorr. New York, N. T.
1911 Yierling, Frederick. St. Louis, Mo.
1890 Yieu, Henry A., New York, N. Y.
1914 Yigg, Sandor J., Los Angeles, Cal.
19Z1 Yigran, Nathan, Cincinnati, Ohio.
1921 Yilas, Martin S., Burlington, Yt.
1909 Ylneyard, J. J., Kansas City, Mo.
BLBOntD
1921 Yineyard, Jease M., Helena, Ark.
1921 Yinlssky, Bernard W., Chicago, 111.
1918 Yinson. William A., Houston, Texas.
1917 Yinson, Z. T., Huntington. W. Ya.
1918 Yinsonhaler, Duncan M., Omaha, Neb.
1921 Yinton, W. T., McMinnville, Oreg..
1907 Ylrgin, Hany R.* Portland, Maine.
1913 Yisacher, William L., Albany, N. T.
1922 Yisser, Raymond, Chicago, HI.
1922 Yitale, Benedict S., New York, N. Y.
1906 Yiti, Marcel A., Philadelphia, Pa.
1920 Yitousek, R. A., Honolulu, HawaiL
1922 Yivian, John C, Denver, Colo.
1914 Yodrey, William H., East Liverpool, 0.
1921 Yogcl. Charles F., Chicago, HI.
1921 Yogelgesang, Jacob G., Ruasell, Kan.
1920 Yogi, Albert L, Denver, Colo.
1906 Yoigt, John P., Chicago, HI.
1921 Yold, Uuriz, Grand Forks, N. D.
1914 Yollrath. Edward, Bucyrus, Ohio.
1918 Yon Ammon, Frederic E., Chicago, HI.
1922 Yon Detten, Otto, Stockton, Cal.
1901 Yon Moschzlsker,^ Robert, Philadelphia.
Pa.
1921 Yon Reinsperg, Hans, Chicago, III.
1919 Yon Rosenvinge, Theodore, Boston, Mass
1916 Yon Schrader, Otto Y., Washington,
D. C.
1922 Yon Schriltz, G^y W.. Pittsburgh, Kan.
1922 Yoogd, Dick, Aplington, Iowa.
1909 Yoorhees, Harvey C, Boston, Mass.
1896 Yoorhees, John H., Sioux Falls, S. D.
1908 Yoorhees, Reese H., Spokane, Wash.
1919 Yoorhees, Tracy 8., New York. N. Y.
1911 Yorhaus, Louis J.. New York, N. Y.
1922 Yories, Harry P., Pueblo, Colo.
1904 Yorys, Arthur I., Columbus, Ohio.
1912 Yose, Frederic Perry, Chicago, HL
1918 Yose, Walter 8., Chicago, 111.
1917 Voter, Frank P., Laurel, Nebr.
1916 Yoyles, David W., St. Louis, Mo.
1922 Yulllemot, E., New Iberia, La.
1914 Wachner, O. S., Cleveland, Ohio.
1922 Wachtcl, Samuel Robert, New York,
N. Y.
1913 Wack, Henry W.. New York, N. Y.
1920 Waddel, W. G., Webster, S. D.
1911 Waddin. C. J., Madison ville, Ky.
1921 Wade, Clem F., Des Moines, Iowa.
1920 Wade. Frank, Pulaski. Tenn.
1919 Wade, John W., Little Rock, Ark.
1894 Wade, M. J., Iowa City, Iowa.
1921 Wade, W. B., Madison, W. Ya.
1922 Wadham, James E.. San Diego, Cal.
1899 Wadhams, Frederick E., Albany, N. Y
1918 Wadhams, William H., Berlin, W. 0.,
Germany.
1918 Wadley, William B., Denver, Colo.
870
AM£BICAK BAB ASSOCIATION.
1920 Wadlinrton, Anthony W., Ada, OUa.
1920 Waflen, Auguft J., Iron River, Mich.
1021 Wagrener, Auguat P., New York, N. Y.
1904 Waggener, William P., Atchison, Sana.
1921 Waggoner, Lloyd E., Sioux Falls, S. D.
1908 Wagner, E. E., Sioux City, Iowa.
19ir Wagner, Franklin Allan, New York,
N. Y.
1905 Wagner, Hugh K., St. Louis, Mo.
1900 Waguespack, W. J., New Orleans, La.
1920 Wahl, J. H., Mcintosh, FU.
1914 Wailes, F. Leonard. Salisbury, Md.
1918 Wainwright. J. Mayhew, New York,
N. Y.
1911 Wait, Wm. Gushing, Medford, Mass.
1906 Waite, Edward F., Minneapolis, Minn.
1922 Waite, John Barker, Ann Arbor, Mich.
1914 Waite, Moriaon R., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1922 Waite, Raymond, Chicago. 111.
1911 Wakefield, John Lathrop, Boston, Mass.
1922 Wakefield, Bay C, Fresno, Cal.
1904 Wakefield, Wm. J. C, Spokane, Wash.
1918 Wakelee, Edmund W., Newark. N. J.
1922 Wakeman, E. ^., New Castle. Wyo.
1922 Wakeman, E. H., San Francisco, Cal.
1922 Walchli, Hans, Kalispell. Mont.
1919 Waloott, Robert, Beaton, Mass.
1922 Wald, Albert, New York. N. Y.
1917 Walden, W. B., Berea, Ky.
1905 Waldo, George £. (Pasadena) Loi
Angeles, Cal.
1916 Waldo, H. R., Salt Lake City. Utah.
1900 Waldo, John F. C, New Orleana, La.
1919 Wales, Henry W., Chicago, III.
1921 Walford, Roy H., Lincoln, Neb.
1921 Walker, A. M., Akron, Ohio.
1919 Walker, Bertrand, Chicago. 111.
1912 Walker, Chas. A. J., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1915 Walker, Edwin Robert, Trenton, N. J.
1922 Walker, Foshay, San Francisco, Cal.
1921 Walker, Frank C, Butte, Mont.
1921 Walker, Q. Edwin, Bartow, Fla.
1918 Walker, George B.. PhiladelphU, Pa.
1917 Walker, George H., New York. N. Y.
1914 Walker, George R., New York, N. Y.
1921 Walker, H. C, Jr., Sbreveport, La.
1918 Walker, Henry B., Evansville, Ind.
1911 Walker, Henry G., lows City, Iowa.
1919 Walker, Irring M.. Los Angeles, Cal..
1920 Walker, Irwin N., Chicago. 111.
1919 Walker, J. V.. Fayetteville, Ark.
1919 Walker, Jacob A., Opelika, Ala.
1922 Walker, John W., Irvine, Ky.
1911 Walker, Legar6, Summerville, 8. a
19U Walker, Mortimer £., Racine, Wis.
1919 Walker, Nathaniel U., Boston, Mass.
1S99 Walker, Plstt D., Raleigh. N. a
1912 IVtelkar, Richard W., HuntsviUe, Ala.
ILRCTBD
1921 Walker, Robert S., Waterlrary, Oonn.
1917 Walker, Roberta, New York, N. Y.
1919 Walker, Samuel P., Memphis, Tenii.
1990 Walker, Seth M., Nashville, Tenn.
1922 Walker, Sharpless, Miles City, Mont.
1921 Walker, Stanton, Jacksonville, Fla.
1918 Walker. Stuart W., Martinaburg, W. Va.
1921 Walker, Thomaa J., Butte. Mont
1914 Walker, W. M.« Keosauqua, Iowa.
1922 Walker, Walter B.. New York. N. Y.
1914 Wall, Albert C, Jersey aty. N. J.
1909 Wall, Isaac D., Baton Rouge. L*.
1921 Wall, Jesse D.. WichiU, Kan.
1921 Wall, John E., Quincy, 111.
1919 Wall, W. W., New Orleana, La.
1914 Wallace, A. W., Fredericksburg, Va.
1921 Wallace, Arthur E., Chicago, Dl.
1921 Wallace, BradlQr L., San Francisco,
Cal.
1922 Wallace, Charles D., Long Beach, Oal.
1919 Wallace, Donald A., Detroit, Mich.
1921 Wallace, E. A., Osmeron, Texaa.
1918 Wallacsb George 8., Huntington, W. Va.
1922 Wallace, Gerald Beatty, Stocktoo, Cml.
1921 Wallace, Henry L., Chicago, 111.
1920 Wallace, Joeeph P., McGehee, Ark.
1920 Wallace, Maxwell Q., Richmond. Va.
191C Wallace, & Mayaer, St. Looia, Mo.
1914 Wallace, W. B, ViaaUa, Cal.
1921 Wallace, W. O., Columbiana, Ohio.
1915 Wallace. William, Aberdeen, & D.
1921 Wallace, William O., Niagara Falls,
N. Y.
1914 Wallace, William, Jr., New York, N. T.
1922 Wallbank, Stanley T., Denver, Colo.
1912 Wallerstein, David, Philadelphia, Pia.
1918 Wallin, William J., Yonkers. N. -Y«
1914 Wallhig, Emory A., Erie, Pa.
1916 Walling, Eugene A., Detroit, Mich.
1909 Wallingford, John D., Osnal Zoaie,
Panama.
1922 Wallia, H. M., Jr., Houma, U.
1920 Walla, Charles Albert, Lonoke, Ark.
1917 Walla, Willism L., Cheyenne, Wyo.
1920 Walrod, Claude D., Holyoke. Oolo.
1921 Walaer, Guy O., New York, N. T.
1904 Walsh, Arthur R., New York. N. T.
1919 Walsh. Charles A., Providence, R. L
1919 Walsh, E. J., Nashville, Tenn.
1918 Walsh, Edward P., St. Louis, Mo.
1914 Walsh, Frank P., Washington, D. C.
1922 Walsh. Homan W., Charlottesville, Va.
1908 Walsh. James A., Helena, Mont.
1914 Walsh, James F., Cleveland, Ohio.
1916 Walah, John. Waahlngton. D. C.
1914 Walsh. John J., Norwalk. Conn.
1906 Walsh, Mark A., Burlington, Iow«.
1914 Walsh, Martin, Chicago. lU.
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF MEMBERS.
871
CLICTBD
1906 Walsh, Thomas J., Washington, D. 0.
1917 Walsh, Thotnaa L., New York, N. T.
1918 Walsh, Walter J., New Haven, Conn.
1918 Walsh, Williaxn A., Tonken, N. T.
1909 Walter, Luther M., Chicago. 111.
1922 Walters, Byron J., San Diego, Cal.
1918 Walters, Charles E., Toledo, Iowa.
1916 Walters, H. F., Altoona, Pa.
1915 Walters, Renxy C, Detroit, BCich.
1922 Walters, R. T., Los Angeles, Cal.
1909 Walther. Lambert E., St. Louis, Mo.
1921 Waltner, W. R., Kansas City, Ifo.
1911 Walton, Charles W., Albany, N. Y.
1921 Walton, Matt S., Lexington, Ky.
1921 Walton, Thomas P., Phoenix, Arix.
1920 Walton, William B., Silver City, N. H.
1894 Wambaugh, Eugene, Cambridge, Mass.
1914 Wammack, Ralph, Bloomfleld, Ho.
1921 Wampler, T.- Morrla, Washington, D. 0.
1922 Wandrei, Albert C, St. Paul, Ifinn.
1916 Wanner, Nevin M., York, Pa.
1921 Wanzer, E. P., Armour, S. D.
1921 Ward, Chandler P., Los Angeles, CaL
1921 Ward, Charles E., Chicago, 111.
1921 Ward, E. B.. Corpus Christ!, Texas.
1919 Ward. Ethelbert. Denver, Colo.
1921 Ward, Frederick J., Detroit. Mich.
1922 Ward, H. H., Jr.. Wilmington, Del.
1922 Ward, H. Judd, Troy, N. Y.
1899 Ward, Hamilton, Buffalo, N. Y.
1887 Ward, Henry G., New York. N. Y.
1896 Ward, Herbert H., Wilmington. DeL
1922 Ward, J. Lenox, Yakima, Wash.
1922 Ward, J. M.. San Diego, Cal.
1912 Ward, M. L.. San Diego. Cal.
1921 Ward, M. Thomas, Grand Rapids, Mich.
1921 Ward, Philip H., Sterling, 111.
1921 Ward. Robert Marion, Winchester, Va.
1922 Ward, Sherley C, Los Angeles, Cal.
1922 Ward, Waldron M., Newark. N. J.
1921 Warden, Franklin M., Chicago, HI.
1921 Warder, Hugh, Grafton, W. Va.
1920 Wardlaw, J. M., Denver, Colo.
1911 Wardner, O. Philip, Boston, Mass.
1918 Wardwell. Allen, New York, N. Y.
1922 Wardwell, LeUtia Halpenny, Washing-
ton, D. C.
1911 Ware, Charles Eliot, Fitchburg, Mass.
1916 Ware, Henry, Boston, Mass.
1911 Ware, John Roland, Minneapolis. Minn.
1922 Warfleld, Benjamin D., Louisville. Ky.
1914 Warfleld, F. Howard, Baltimore, Md.
1911 Warfleld, Frederic P., New York, N. Y.
1916 Warfleld, John D., Denver. Colo.
1920 Waring, Roane, Memphis, Tenn.
1922 Warlow, Chester H., Fresno, Cal.
1928 Warlow, T. Picton, Orlando, Fla.
■LXCTED
1922 Warner, Benjamin F., San Bernardino,
CaL
1914 Warner, David A., Grand Rapids, Mich.
1891 Warner, Donald T., Salisbury, Conn.
1919 Warner, Dorr E., Cleveland, Ohio.
1916 Warner, Edgar M., Putnam, Conn.
1922 Warner, Frank, Norfolk, Neb.
1921 Warner, Frank H., Philadelphia, Penn.
1916 Warner, Harry Preston, Fort Smith, Ark.
1907 Warner, James Harold, Poughkeepsie,
N. Y.
1922 Warner, John B., New York. N. Y.
1922 Warner, Milo J., Toledo, Ohio.
1912 Warner, Milton B., Pittsfleld, Masi.
1922 Warner, Sam Bass, Eugene. Ore.
1906 Warner, Stanley Clark, Denver, Colo.
1922 Warren, Anna M., Reno, Nev.
1921 Warren, Bates, Washington, D. O.
1916 Warren, Bentley W., Boston, Mass.
1914 Warren, Charles, Washington, D. 0.
1918 Warren, Edward H., Cambridge, Mass.
1922 Warren, Edward J., Chlca^, HI.
1922- Warren, Ernest R., Gastonia, N. C.
1921 Warren, Fred G., Sioux Falls, S. D.
1918 Warren, George R.. Manchester, N. H.
1922 Warren, L M., Dyerri>urg, Tenn.
1922 Warren, John L, Boston, Mass.
1916 Warren. Joseph F., Boston, Mass.
1919 Warren, Louis J., Honolulu, Hawaii.
1921 Warren, Thomas J., Fort Collins, Colo.
1921 Warren, William H., DeSmet, S. D.
1921 Warrington, Carina C, Fort Wayne,
Ind.
1922 Warahaw, Irving 0., New York, N. Y.
1915 Washburn, Albert R., Vienna, Austria.
1904 Washburn, Jed L.. Duliith, Minn.
1916 Waahbum. Nathan. Middleboro. Maasi
1921 Washburn, W. P., Knoxville, Tenn.
1897 Washbunv Willism D., Evanston. DL
1921 Washington, Richard B., Alexandria,
Va.
1916 Washington, W. H., Nashville, Tenn.
1916 Waasell, Harry B., Pittsburgh, Pa.
1913 Waaserman, Frank. New York. N. Y.
1916 Wasserman, Jacob, Boston, Mass.
1922 Waste, William H., San Francisco, Cal.
1921 Waterman, Charles M., Davenport, Iowa.
1901 Waterman. Charles W.. Denver, Colo.
1918 Waterman, John A., Gorham, Maine.
1911 Waterman. Lewia Anthony, Providence,
R. I.
1918 Waterman. Robert E., Ogdensburg, N. Y.
1908 Waters. Asa W., (Cambridge, Mass.),
Philadelphia, Pa.
1911 Waters, Bertram G., Boston, Mass.
1922 Waters, E. A., St. Paul, Minn.
1911 Waters, Henry J., Princess Anne, Md.
1898 Waters, J. & T., Baltimore, Md.
872
AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION.
KLIOTBD
1922 Waters, Jamey A., Boeton, Uaas.
1900 Waten, Louia L., Qjrracuae, N. T.
1921 Watkina, Albert, Dodge iJiij, Kan.
1910 Watkina, Edgar, AtUnta, Qa.
1921 Watkina, Elton, Portland, Oreg.
1914 Watkina, H. V., Jackson, Miai.
1910 Watkina, Henry H.. Anderson, & 0.
1919 Watkina, Homer, Cedartown, Ga.
1921 Watkina, Lewia H., Watkina, N. Y.
1919 Watkina, T. Prank, Anderson, & C.
1917 Watkina, Thomaa G., Nashville, Tenn.
1922 Watkina, William H.. Jackaon, Ifias.
1922 Watkinson, Charles E., Hanford, OaL
1914 Watres, L. A., Scranton, Pa.
1919 Watres. Laurence H., Scranton, Pa.
1917 Watrous. Eliot, New Haven, Conn.
1891 Watroua, George D., New Haven, Conn.
1916 Watson, Albert, Mount Vernon, 111.
1907 Watson, Archibald R., New York, N. Y.
1921 Wataon, B. Q., Columbus, Ohio.
1921 Wataon, Charles D., St. Albana, Vt
1911 Watson, Edward M., Honolulu, Hawaii.
1916 Watson. Isaac N., Kansaa City, Mo.
1921 Wataon, J. C, Indlanola, Iowa.
1916 Watson, J. T., Jr., Tampa, Fla.
1912 Wataon, James A., Washington, D. a
1914 Wstson. James D., Tiffin, Ohio.
1918 Wataon, John R., Montpelier, Vt
1921 Watson, Raymond E., Kansas City, Mo.
1922 Wataon, Ripley, Jersey City, N. J.
1912 Watson, Robert, Washington, D. C.
1920 Wataon. W. H., Penaacola, Fla.
1922 Watson. W. W., San Francisco, Cal.
1917 Watson, William W.. Paaaaic, N. J.
1922 Watt, Rolla Bishop, San Francisco, Cal.
1911 Wattenscbeidt. C. R., Baltimore, Md.
1911 Watts, Cornelius C, Charleston. W. Va.
1921 Wstts, Jo. Blackburn, Charleston. W.
Va.
1907 Watts, Millard F.. St Lduis, Mo.
1914 Watts, Philip B., Bsltimore, Md.
1921 Watta, R. B., Birmingham, Ala.
1914 Watts, R. C, Cheraw. S. C.
1916 Watta. Sidney J., Pittsburgh, Pa.
1920 Watta, Thomas J., Muldrow. Okla.
1919 Watta, W. H. L., Kansaa City. Mo.
1921 Waugh, Andrew M., Sugar Land, Texas.
1921 Waugh, H. Roy, Buckhannon, W. Va.
1902 Way, WillUm A., Pittaburgh, Pa.
1914 Wayne, Jamea A., Wallace, Idaho.
1920 Wayne, William, Misaoula, Mont.
1914 Weadock, Bernard F.. Detroit, Mich.
1918 Weadock, George W., Saginaw. Mich.
1914 Weadock, Jerome, Saginaw, Mich.
1918 Weadock, John C, New York. N. Y.
1918 Weadock. Lewia J., Bay City, Mich.
1919 Weadock, Paul, Detroit, Mich.
1880 Weadock, Thomaa A. B., Detroit, Mich.
KLECTEO
>014 Weadock. Vincent, Saginaw, Mich.
1920 Weakley, Ewell T., Dyersburg, Tenn.
1922 Weaks, Joe H., Murray, Ky.
1919 Wean, Frank L., Chicago, III.
1916 Weant, Edward O., Westminster, Md.
1918 Wear, W. C. Hillsboro, Tex.
1920 Weatherford. J. K., Albany, Ore.
1906 Weatherly, James, Birmingham, Abu
1022 Weathers, Niel A., New York. N. Y.
1921 Weaver, Aubrey O.. Front Royal, Va.
1922 Weaver. Chauncey A., Dea Moines, Iowa.
1900 Weaver, James B., Jr.. Des Moines. Iowa.
1922 Weaver, Jesse C, St Paul, Minn.
1921 Weaver, John, Chicago, HI.
1806 Weaver, John, Philadelphia. Pa.
1921 Weaver, John B., Springfield. OL
1920 Weaver, Ronald Race, Detroit Mich.
1916 Weaver, Samuel P., Sprague. Waah.
1922 Weaver. W. Edgar, White Stone. L. L.
N. Y.
1917 Weaver. Zebuk>n. Asheville, N. C
1922 Webb. Arthur C. Los Angeles, Gal.
1918 Webb, Curtis L., Mesdville, Pa.
1920 Webb, D. C. Knoxville, Tenn.
1914 Webb, Edwin Y., Shelby, N. C
1921 Webb, Frederick W. C, Sslidwry. Md.
1921 Webb, G. C, Americus, Ga.
1896 Webb, James H., New Haven, Conn.
1922 Webb, Joseph J., San Prandsco, Oal.
1922 Webb, Robert L., Topeka, Kana.
1918 Webb, U. S., San Francisco, GaL
1922 Webb, Walton C. San Francisco, Osl.
1907 Webb, Willoughby L.. Vineyard Haven,
Mass.
1922 Webber, Edward L., Napa, Oal.
1918 Webber, Harriaon B., Canton, Ohio.
1918 Webber, John F., Otturowa, Iowa.
1922 Webber, Lane D., San Diego, Gal.
1902 Webber, Marshsll B., Winona. Mfnn.
1911 Webber, Marvelle C. Rutland, Vt
1920 Weber, A. J., Salt Lake aty. Utah.
1921 Weber, B. a. Ft. Madison, lows.
1912 Weber, Harry P., Chicago, m.
1921 Webster, Bradford, San Franciseo. OkL
1916 Webster. Charles R., Chicago. HI.
1921 Webster, Edwin B., Bel Air, MdL
1921 Webster. Elmer R., Pontiac, Mich.
1916 Webster, George B., St. Louis, Mo.
1906 Webster, John L.. Omahs, Nebr.
1922 Webster. R. M.. Spokane, Waah.
1918 Wechaler, MarUn. New York, N. T.
1914 Wechsler, Sigmund, New York, N. T.
1921 Wederath, Frank C, Presho, 8. D.
1911 Weed. Alonao R., Boston. Maas.
1920 Weed. Chester A., New York, N. T.
1921 Weed, Richmond, New York, N. T.
1918 Weeks. Edward T., New Iberia, Ln.
1919 Weeks. J. Borton, Chester, Pa.
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF MEMBERS.
873
KLSOTBD
11H4 Weeki, Jamct J., Bottineau, N. D.
1921 Weeks» William Fnderic. WichiU FtUi,
Texas.
J9a Wehe» Frank R., San Francisco, Gal.
1916 Wehle, Loals B., New York, N. T.
19IS Wehrle, E. F., Loe Angeles, CaL
19S2 Weiffle, Maurice, Chicago, DL ..
1922 Weil, A. L., San Franciaoo, Oil.
1886 Weil, A. Leo, Pittrinnvh. Pa.
1921 Weil, Abraham, Niafara Falb, N. T.
1922 Weil, Frank L., New York, N. T.
1920 Weil, George, Pittatmrgh, Pa.
1906 Weil, Jonas. Minneapolis. Minn.
1918 Weil, Leon, Montgomery, Ala.
1921 Weiler, Harriet, Boston. Mass.
191S Weill, A. &, Philadelphia, Pa.
1906 Weimer, Albert B., Philadelphia, Pa.
1921 Weinberger, Harry H., Passaic. N. J.
1922 Weinberger, Herman, San Francisco, Oal.
1922 Weinberger, Jacob, San Diego. Cal.
1917 Weinbrenner, J. Ray, St. Louis, Mo.
1912 Weinteld, Charles. Chicago. 111.
1922 Weinke, T. A.. Condon, Ore.
1921 Weir, Clarence E., Indianapolis, Ind.
1914 Weia, Frederick S., New Orleans, L*.
1921 Weisberg, Albert J., Chicago, HI.
1917 Welsbefg, Alex. F.. Dsllas, Texas.
1920 Weisman. Herman J., Watcrbury, Conn.
1922 Weiss. Hsrry. St. Paul, Minn.
1917 Weiss. 8o1. New Orleans. La.
1922 Weiia, William, New York, N. Y.
1912 Weisienbach. Joseph, Chicago, HI.
1922 Weiflser, Budd 8., New York, N. Y.
1919 Weitael, Albert P.. Pittabunh. Pa.
1919 Weitzel. Oeorge T.. WasMngton. D. G
1921 Welbom, W. L., Rosnoke, Va.
1919 Welbom, William C. rCvansrille. Ind.
1915 Welch, Albert O.. Chicago, HI.
1922 Welch. J. R., San Jose, Gal.
1920 Welch. Leslie A., Kansas City, Mo.
1921 Welch. Ninian H., Chicago, III.
1922 Welch, Richard A., Keyser, W. Va.
1910 Welch, Thomaa Cary. Manila, P. L
1908 Welch, W. S., Laurel. Miss.
1918 Welch, W. 8.. Bessemer, Ala.
191S Welch. Walter, Clearfleld, Pa.
1919 Welch, Walter, ProTincetown, Maas.
1921 Weldin. Frank, PIggott. .Ark.
1918 Weldon, Richard E., New York. N. Y.
1922 Weiler, Dana R., Los Angeles, Cal.
1918 Weiler, Royal H., New York, N. Y.
1911 Wellford, Beverly R., Richmond, Ta.
1806 Welfman, Arthur H.. Boston. Msss.
1922 Wellman, C. T., Sheldon, Iowa.
1922 Wellman, Ftancls L., New* York, N. Y.
Ifl6 Wellmsn. Quy, New York, N. Y.
1914 Wells, A Coulter, Wsshlngton. D. G
1914 Wells, GAM. (Hyattsrills, Md.),
Waahington, D. G
BLBCTED
1920 Wella, Charles B.. Shawnee, OUa.
1919 Wella, E. R. F.. Norfolk, Ya.
1904 Welh^ Frank, Oklahoma aty, Okla.
1916 Wella, G. B., Plant City, Florida.
1918 Wells, George F., Washington, D. G
ion Wells, Philip P., Middletown, Conn.
I9U Wells, Ralph Olney, Hartford, Conn.
1914 Wells, Robert W. (HyattsriUsb Md.)-
Washington. D. G
1912 Wells, Ross, §t. Maxya, W. Va.
1909 Wells, T. meston. New York. N. Y.
1914 Wella, W. CalTfn, Jackson. Miss.
1920 Welto, W. E., Prague, Okla.
1918 Wells, Wellington, Boston, Mass.
1914 Wela, Isidor. New York, N. Y. 4
1918 Welsh, Charles F., Detroit, Mich.
1921 Welsh, John T., South Bend, Waah.
1922 Welty, B. F., Lima, Ohio.
1911 Wendt, John &. Pittsburgh, Ps.
1928 WennerBtrum, 0. F., Chariton, Iowa.
1907 Wensley, Robert L., New York, N. Y.
1912 Wentworth, Daniel 8., Chicago, HI.
1922 Werlein, Ewing, Houston, Tex.
1917 Wermuth, William Charlea, Chicago, 111.
1921 Wemeke, Ridiard A., Terre-Haute, Ind.
1921 Werner, Carl 0., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1911 Werner, Charles H., New York, N. Y.
1911 Werner, Percy, St Louis, Mo.
1919 Wemette, N. D., Coeur d'Alene, Idaho
1921 Wemo, Charles, Chicago, 111.
1918 Wertime, Walter H., Cohoes, N. Y.
1920 Wescoat, Clarence F., St. Louis. Mo.
1918 Wcal^, Charles S., Philadelphia, Pa.
1911 Wesselman, Henry B., New York, N. Y.
1914 Wesielmann, Frederick E., Cincinaati,
Ohio.
1922 Weasels, Arthur L., Ukiah, Cal.
1921 West, A. T., Ardmore, Okla.
1922 West, Charles, Tulss, Okla.
1918 West. F. M.. Jackson, Miss.
1918 West, Frank G, Denver, Colo.
1921 West, Jesse F., Waver ly, Va.
1921 West, John E., Bellefontaine, Ohio.
1921 West, Johnson E.. Bellefontaine, Ohio.
1912 West, Judson 8., T(^>eka, Kans.
1922 West, Percy G., Sacramento, Oal.
1903 West, Preston C, Tulsa, Okla.
1914 West, Raymond B.. Basin, Wyo.
1916 West, Robert Jesse, Okolona, Miasi
1897 West, Roy O., Chicago, IIL
1918 West, Samuel H., aeveland, Ohio.
1911 West, Samuel H., St. Louis, Mo.
1922 West, T. G, San Francisco, Oal.
1921 Weatbrook, W. H., Chicago, 111.
1918 Westcott, John W., Camden, N. J.
1918 Weatcott, N. B., Onky. Va.
19n Westerfeld, Osrl, San Francisco, Oal.
874
AMEBIC
A
BAB ASSOCIATION.
KLBOTBD
1921 Weflterfleld, William W., New Orleans,
La.
1822 WesterhofT, Harris J., Paterson, N. J.
1914 Westennayr, Arthur J., New York, N. T.
1982 Westerrelt, James, Los AAKeles, CaL
1921 Westenrelt, Warner W., Hackensadc,
N. J.
1921 Westfall, Ralph G., Oolumbos, Ohio.
1922 Westlake, Elmer, San Francisco, CaL
1915 Weston, Francis H., Columbia, S. O.
1891 Weston, Robert Dickson, Boston. Ush.
1911 Weston, Thomas, Jr., Boston, Mass.
1922 Westover, Hyron, San Francisco, Cat.
1921 Westwood, Lewis C, Tecuroseh, Neb.
%Cfr Wetherill, J. Lawrence, Philadelphia, Pa.
1921 Wetmore, J. D., New York, N. Y.
1921 Wetmore, Z., WichiU, Kan.
1912 Wetten, Emil C, Chicago. IlL
1914 Wetzel, J. W., Carlisle, Pa.
1917 Wetzler, a Fred, New Hayen, Conn.
1919 Wexler. Harry C, Chicago, HI.
1915 Weyburn, Lyon, Boston. Mass.
1922 Weyl, Bertin A., Los Angeles, CaL
1919 Weyl, Carl H., Indianapolia, Ind.
1913 Weymouth, John, Hampton, Va.
1921 Wbalen, Charles W., Dayton, Ohio.
1922 Whalen, James D., San Francisco, Oal.
1907 Whalen, John, New York. N. Y.
1918 Whalen, John F.. Pottsville, Pa.
1913 Whalen, Robert E., Albany, N. Y.
1917 Whaley, A., Andalusia, Ala.
1922 Whaley, Vilas H., Racine, Wis.
1919 Whaley, William, Charleston. S. C.
1922 Wham, Benjamin, Cliicago, 111.
1921 Wharton, Charles S., Chicago, III.
1922 Whealton. Louis N., Long Beach, Cal.
1914 Wheat, Alfred A.. New York. N. Y.
1917 Wheat, Benjamin P.. Saratoga Springs,
N. Y.
1920 Wheat, Renville, Detroit, Mich.
1911 Wheatley, H., Winship. Washington,
D. C.
1920 Wheaton, Carl Crumble, Cincinnati,
Ohio.
1919 Wheeler, Alexander, Boston, Mass.
1912 Wheeler, Oiarles B.. Buffalo. N. Y.
1922 Wheeler, Cliarles E., Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
1906 Wheeler, Charles K.. Paducah, Ky.
x921 Wheeler, Charles S., Jr., San Francisco,
Cal.
1918 Wheeler, Charles Stetson. San Francisco,
Cal.
1919 Wheeler, Chauncey E., Providence, R. I.
1922 Wheeler. Edward W., Brunswick. Me.
1922 Wheeler, Ernest E., New York, N. Y.
1879 Wheeler, Everett P., New York, N. Y.
1916 Wheeler, Frederick B., Pittsburg, Kansw
1914 Wheeler, George C, Portland, Maine.
BLECTKD
1914 Wheeler, George W., Bridgeport, Oban.
1912 Wheeler, Henry, Boston, Msaa.
1922 Wheeler, Howard, St. Paul, Minn.
1908 Wheeler, James B., New Haven, Conn.
1916 Wheeler, James 0., Paducah, Ky.
1906 Wheelock. William W., Chicago, OL
1906 Wheelwright, J. O. P.. Minncapolii^
Minn.
1912 Whelan, Charles E., Madison, Win
1894 Whelan, Ralph, Minneapolis, Minn.
1904 Wheless, Joseph, New York, N. Y.
1914 WhelUe. John B. A., Baltlmocv. Md.
1922 Wheny, J. Frederic, Newark, N. J.
1916 Whinery, W. J., Hammond, Ind.
1918 Whipple, ClilTord, Providence. R. L
1896 Whipple, Sherman L., Boston, Mass.
1928 Whitaker, Frederick P., New York.
N. Y.
1921 Whitaker, Sam E., Ghattanooga, Tcnn.
1922 WhiUkre, George £., Bakecrikeld, OaL
1922 Whitoomb, A. J., Oconto, Wis.
1921 Whitcomb, Lara A., Indianapolis, Ind.
1919 White, Albert H., Manchester, N. H.
1919 White, Alfred B., Boston, Ma».
1980 White, Alvan N.. Silver City, N M.
1918 White, Burrell O., New York, N. Y.
1914 White, Csrleton H., Buffalo, N. Y.
1982 White, Carlos O., Oakland, Oal.
1921 White, Ohas. 8., Aubudon, Iowa.
1922 White, Oharles W., San Frandsco. Oal.
1922 White, Clinton L., Sacramento, OaL
1919 White, Coral B., Seattle, Wash.
1918 White. David M.. Richmond. V*.
1916 White. E. C, PocateUo. Idalw.
1921 White, E. 8., Harlan, Iowa.
1922 White, Earl D., Oakland, Oal.
1921 White, Edward H., Chicago, HL
1911 White, Edward J., St. Louis, Mo.
1911 White, Frank Owen, Boston, Uan.
1910 White, Frank 8., Birmingham, A In.
1909 White, H. H., Alexandria. La.
1920 White. H. P., Pawhuska, Okla.
1919 White, Harold F., Chicago, lit
1921 White, Harry L., Chicago, 111.
1922 White, HertMrt E., Sacramento, OaL
1917 White, Hugh, Montgomeiy, Ala.
1914 White, J. Du Pratt. New Yoric, N. T.
1922 White, ^. E., San Francisco, Gal.
1921 White, John B., Adel, Iowa.
1922 White, John B., Brooklyn, N. Y.
1921 White, John Baker, Charleston, W. Tn.
1912 White, John O., Cleveland, Ohio.
1914 White, Kemble, Fairmont, W. Ta.
1918 White, Pierre A., Cleveland, Ohio.
1919 White; Richard Franklin. Alexandria, La.
1921 White. Roger 8., 8d, New Haven,
1901 White, 8. Harriaon, Denver, Colo.
1919 White, 8. U, Uttle Bock, Ark.
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF UBKBEBS.
875
HiBCTBD
1917 White, Stnniel, Phoenix, Arizona.
1914 White, Thomas P., Lot Angeles, Ctl.
1022 White, Thomas R., San Francisco, CaL
1914 White, Thomas Raeburn, Philadelphia,
Pa.
1911 White, Thomas W., St Louis, Mo.
1913 White, Walter A., Gulf port. Miss.
1922 White, Warren R., Rock Rapids, Iowa.
1922 White, WilUam Cravath, New York,
N. Y.
1921 White, William Henry, Washington,
D. 0.
1911 White, William Henry, .Tr., Washingrton,
D. O.
1918 White. William K., San Francisco, Oal.
1921 White, William W., Gering, Neb.
1918 White, Wm. Wallace, New York, N. Y.
1921 Whiteford, Roger J., Washington, D. O.
1921 Whitehead, A. D., Helena, Ark.
1920 Whitehead, Carle, Denver, Colo.
1914 Whitehead, Harvey W., Williamsport, Pa.
1911 Whitehesd, John M., Janesville, Wis.
1922 Whitehead, Reah H., Seattle, Wash.
1916 Whitehill, Hibbard C, St. Louis, Mo.
1918 Whitehouse, Robert T., Portland, Me.
1907 Whitehouse, William P., Augusta. Maine.
1911 Whiteside, Alexander, Boston, Mass.
1921 Whitfield, Jay A., Ellensburg, Wash.
1914 Whitfield. William R., Albany. N. Y.
1911 Whitford, Daniel, New York, N. Y.
1911 Whiting, Borden D., Newark. N. J.
1919 Whiting, Edwin P., Seattle. Wash.
1914 Whiting, F. Brooke, Cumberland, Md.
1921 Whiting, Justin R., Jackson, Mich.
1921 Whiting, Randolph V., San Francisco,
Oal.
1919 Whiting, Winfred H., Worcester, Maas.
1919 Whitla, Ezra R., Ooeur d'Alene, Idaho.
1919 Whitla, James P., Sharon. Pa.
1917 Whitlock, Albert Newlon. Missoula.
Mont.
1907 Whitlock, Victor E., New York, N. Y.
1918 Whitman, Charles S., New York. N. Y.
1907 Whitman, Russell, Chicago, 111.
1918 Whitmer, George F., Clarion, Pa.
1922 Whitmore, Tom C, Atlantic, Iowa.
1922 Whitnel, Josiah, East St. Louis. III.
1916 Whitnel, L. O., East St. Louis. HI.
1918 Whitney. Francis N., New York, N. Y.
1918 Whitney, Harold E., Brattleboro. Vt.
1921 Whitney, Herbert P., Toledo. Ohio.
1922 Whitney, J. B.. Harlan, Iowa.
1922 Whitney, J. S., Storm Lake, Iowa.
1920 Whitney, Louis B., Phoenix, Ariz.
1922 Whitney, Travis H., New York, N. Y.
1921 Whitson. A. 0., Mexico, Mo.
1922 Whitson, Robert, San Francisco, Oal.
1906 Whitted, Elmer E., Denyer, Colo.
BLBCTEO
1918 Whittemore, Clark McK., Elizabeth,
N. J.
1916 Whittemore, Benry E., Boston, Mass.
1886 Whittemore, James, Santa Barbara, Okl.
1913 Whittemore, Laurence J., Detroit, Mich.
1906 Whittier, Clarke B., SUnford University,
Cal.
1918 Whittington, W. Madison, Greenwood,
Miss.
1922 Whittle, Albert L., Oakland, Oal.
1922 Whittle, Kenncn 0., Martinsville, Va.
1912 Whittlesey, George P., Pasadena, Oal.
1911 Whittlesey, John J., Boston. Mas.
1919 Whittlesey, William H., Seward. Alas.
1921 Whitworth. Horace P., Westemport,
Md.
1914 Whybark. Moaes, Cape Girardeau, Mo.
1921 Wich, Margaret 0., Quincy. 111.
1921 Wick, Paul R., Chicago, 111.
1914 Wickens, Hugh, Greensburg, Ind.
1919 Wicker, John J., Jr., Richmond, Vs.
19Z1 Wicker, Seth J., Detroit, Mich.
1914 Wickersham, Cornelius W., New York,
N. Y.
1922 Wickersham, Frank B.. Harrisburg, Pa.
1907 Wickersham, George W., New York.
N. Y.
1917 Wickes, Frank B., Tlconderoga, N. Y.
1921 Wicka, Frederick D., Scotland. 8. D.
1912 Wickwire, Arthur M., New York. N. Y.
1921 Wicoir, John V. B., Trenton, N. J.
1921 Widdicombe, Robert H., Chicago, HL
1919 Widdows, A. M., Pawhuska. Okla.
1922 Wideman, JMt>nie E., West Palm Beach,
Fla.
1918 Wieder, Herman A., Houghton, Mich.
1916 Wiel. Samuel C, San Francisco, Cat
1913 Wiener. Adam. New York, N. Y.
1921 Wiener, David, Washington, D. O.
1911 WIer. Frederick N.. Lowell. Mass.
1922 Wierenga, H. G., Kansas City, Kana.
1922 Wifvat, Harry, Perry, Iowa.
1916 Wiget, Frank J., St. Louis, Mo.
1922 WIggenhom, R. G., Billings. Mont
1914 Wiggin. F. H., New Haven, Conn.
1914 Wiggin, Joseph, Boston, Mass.
1913 Wigglesworth, George. Boston, Mass.
1913 Wight, Delano, Boston, Mass.
1921 Wight, James S., Chicago. HI.
1922 Wight, Ralph H., Martinez, OkL
1919 WIghtman, George W., Boston, Mass.
1803 Wigmore. John H., Chicago. HI.
1922 Wilbar. Winfleld Mason, Brockton, Maaa.
1922 Wilbershide, J. C. Racine, Wis.
1922 Wilbur, Curtis D., San Francisco, Oal.
1921 Wilbur, George W., Chicago, 111.
1918 Wilbur. Walter B.. Charieston. & a
1921 Wilby, Joseph, Cincinnati. Ohio,
876
AMERICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
BLBCTBD
1916 Wilby, Mitcben, ancinnati, Ohio.
IttS Wilcox, Alfred N., Paulding, Ohio.
1880 WUcoz, Analey. Buffalo, N. Y.
mo Wilcox. Clarence E., Detroit, Mich.
1922 Wilcox, Edwin A., San Jose. Gal.
1906 Wilcox, Elmer A.. Iowa City, Iowa.
1913 Wilcox, Nelson J., Chicago, HI.
1912 Wilcox, Roy Porter, Eau Clair. Wia.
1921 Wild, A. Clement. Chicago, HI.
1922 Wild, M. *&., Fresno, Gal.
1922 Wild, Urban Earl, Honolulu, Hawaii.
1921 Wilder, Frank L., Bridgeport, Conn.
1907 Wilder. William Royal. New York. N. Y.
1922 Wildgrube, H. J., Fresno, Gal.
1920 Wilds. Harrey B. M.. Detroit. Mich.
1918 Wiler, Alfred D., Philadelphia. Pa.
1917 Wiles, George R. C., Charleston, W. Va.
1911 Wiles. Thomas L.. Boston, Mass.
1921 Wiley, Francis R., Decatur. IlL
1922 Wiley, J. W., Bakersfleld. Gal.
1917 Wiley, James A., Washington, Pa.
1915 Wiley, Jesse C.. Del Norte. Colo.
1917 Wiley, Merlin, Unsing. Mich.
1911 Wiley. Robert E., Little Rook. Ark.
1921 Wiley, Silas M., New York. N. Y.
1899 WiUey. Lebbcus R., New York, N. Y.
1900 Wilfley. Xenophen P., St. Louis. Mo.
1904 Wilgus, Horace L., Ann Arbor, Mich.
1908 Wilkerson, James H., Chicago. 111.
1917 Wilkerson, John H., Troy. Ala.
1910 Wilkes, George H., Florence, Colo.
1914 Wilkie. John L., New York. N. Y.
1921 Wilkie, Wendell L., Akron. Ohio.
1914 Wilkin, Robert J., Brooklyn. N. Y.
1914 Wilkin, Robert N., New Philadelphia.
Ohk).
1918 Wilkin, Wilbur D.. Cleveland, Ohio.
1921 Wilkins, Raymond S.. Boston, Mass.
1922 Wilkinson, George L., Chicago, HI.
1916 Wilkinson, H. A., Dawson. Ga.
1920 Wilkinson. Ralph B., Detroit. Mich.
1921 Wilkinson, W. S., Shreveport. La.
1915 Will, Arthur P., Loe Angeles. Gal.
1918 Will, G. A., Minneapolis, Minn.
1919 Willard, Ben C, Miami. Fla.
1922 Willard, Charles G., Brockton. Mass.
1922 Willard. Charles W.. San Francisco, Cal.
1922 Willard, Hiram, Sanford, Me.
1918 Willard. Walter. Philadelphia, Pa.
1921 Willcox, Donald D., New Haven, Conn.
1914 Willcox, F, L., Florence, S. C.
1921 Willcox. Julius A., Montpelier, Vt.
1918 Willcox, Thomas H., Norfolk, Va.
1922 Willebrandt, Mabel Walker, Washing-
ton, D. C.
1922 Willey, Frank A., Fresno. Gal.
1916 Williams. A. S., Wilmington. N. O.
1914 Williams, Al. F., Columbus^ l^uisas,
■LKCTU)
1910 Williams,
1900 Williams,
1917 Williams,
1919 Williams,
1921 Williams,
1912 Williams,
1921 Williams,
1919 Williams,
1918 Williams,
1916 Williams,
1912 Williams,
1891 Williams,
1896 Williams,
1899 Williams,
1921 Williams,
1922 Williams,
1913 Williams.
1921 Williams,
1922 Williams,
1922 WillUms,
1913 Williams.
1911 Williams.
1921 WiUiams,
1906 Williams,
1021 Williams.
1913 Williams,
1922 Williams,
1909 Williams,
1916 Williams,
1922 Williams,
1914 Williams,
D. C.
1914 Williams,
1020 Williams,
1921 Williams,
1912 Williams,
1922 Williams,
1916 Williams,
1921 Williams,
1907 Williams,
1917 Williams,
1901 Williama,
1914 WillUros,
1916 Williams,
1902 Williams,
1921 Williams.
1921 Williams,
1918 Williams,
1906 Williams,
1913 Williams,
1916 Williams,
1910 Williams.
1906 Williams,
1922 Williams,
1918 Williams.
1918 Williams,
1915 Williams,
1922 Williams,
Arista B., Chicago, 111.
Arthur B., Battle Creek, Mich.
Auvergne, Memphla, Temi.
Bryan F., Galveston, Texas.
0. Arch, Chicago, 111.
C. B., St. Louis, Ma
Charles A., Chicago. 111.
Charles F., Cincinnati, Ohio.
Charles J., Minneapolis. Minn.
Clifton, Milwaukee, Wis.
David P., Pittsburgh, Pa.
David W., Boston, Msss.
E. P., Galesburg, 111.
E. Randolph, Richmond, Vs.
E. a. Los Angeles, CaL
Ednyfed H., Chicago, III.
Ellis D., Philadelphia. Ps.
Eugene D., Los Angeles, Gal.
Eugene L., Reno, Nev.
Evan, San Francisco, OaL
F. A., Galveston, Texas.
Ferdinand, Cumberland. Md.
Floyd C, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Frank B.. New York. N. T.
Frank B», Springfield, Mo.
Fred H., Boston. Mass.
Fred M., Spokane, Wash.
Frederic M., Waterbury, Ooob.
George, Rapid City, 8. D.
George E., Oshkosh, Wis.
George Francis, Washington,
George Weems, Baltimore, Md
Guy F., LitUe Rock, Ark.
Harold, ^ Jr., Boston, Mass.
Harold P., Boston. Mass.
Harold V., New York.
Harris F., Chicago, 111.
Henry A., Columbus, Oblow ^
Henry D., New York, N. T.
Henry M., Boston. Mass.
Henry W», Baltimore. Md.
1. Newton, New York. N. T.
I. R., Savannah, Mo.
Ira Jewell, PhiUdelpUa. Pa.
J. B., Ardmore, Okls.
J. Lester, Chicago, HI.
James A.. Catlettsburg, Ky.
James A.. Spokane, Wash.
James D., New York. N. T.
James L., Indlanola, Miss.
Joe v., Chattanooga, Torn.
John O., Duluth, Minn.
John T., San Franciaoo. Ckl,
Leroy J., Denver, Colo.
Lewis C, Richmond, Vs.
Nathan B., Washington. Dw d
0. A., Nelii^ Nebr,
ALPHABBTICAL LIST OF ICBMBEBS.
877
IBK WillteiM. P. L., SaH Uke Citj, Utah.
1916 Willlaina, Parker a, Philadelphia, Pa.
IMO William, Paul O., Uuakocee, Okla.
1021 WilliaiDa, R. Oraj, Winchester, Va.
1914 Williams, Baymond S., Baltimore, lid.
1921 Williams, Robert B., OrawfordsvUle,
lod.
1902 Williama, Robert L., Muskogee, Okla.
1921 Williama, Roger H.. Mew York, N.. T.
1920 Williams, Roy D., BoonvlUe, Ifo.
1919 Williams. 8. aay, Wloston-Salem, N. a
1921 Williams, 8. B., Lynohburg, Va.
1906 Williams, Samuel Cole. Emory Univer-
dty, Ga.
1920 Williams, Samuel R.. Detroit. Mich.
1921 Williams, Simon F.. Jackaonrille, Fla.
1890 Williams, Stevenson A., Bel Air, lid.
1918 Williams, Thonus S., Philadelphia. Pa.
1912 Williama, lyrrell, St Louis, llo.
1918 Williams, Wendell, Milford. Maas.
1921 Williams, Wm. Elaa, Pittsileld. HI.
1908 Williams, William H.. Derby. Conn.
1911 Williams, William Leigh. Norfolk. Va.
1920 WilliamsoD, Albert, Kennebec, S. D.
1912 Williamson. Charles J., Washington,
D. C.
1922 Williamson, Clifton P., New York, N. T.
1918 Williamson, George N., Aberdeen, a D.
1921 Williamson, J. Kenneth, Xenia, Ohio.
1912 Williamson, James D., W^aco, Texas.
1906 Williamson, James F., Minnes polls.
Minn.
1911 Williamson, John I., Kansas City. Mo.
1920 Williamson, Lamar, Monticello, Ark.
1918 Williamson. Pliny W.. New York. N. Y.
1921 Williamson, Ralph B., Yakima. Wash.
1921 Williamson, Thos., Edwardsville. 111.
1914 WilHngham, Wright, Rome, Ga.
1921 Willis, Frank B.. Waahlngton, D. O.
1922 Willis, Prank R., Los Angeles, Cat.
1921 Willis, Bugh B., Grand Forks, N. D.
1912 Willis. John W.. St Paul. Minn.
1921 Willis, Luther M. R., Baltimore, Md.
1909 Willis, M. H., New Martinsville. W. Va.
1914 Willie, Simeon S., Ashland, Ky.
1891 Williston, Samuel (Cambridge. Maaa.)
Belmont, Mass.
1918 Willmonton. George B., Manchester,
Mass.
1921 Willmott, John W., Wewoka, Okla.
1916 Wins, T. J.. Hattiesburg, Hiss.
1920 Willy. Roy Earle. Platte, S. D.
1897 Wilmer, L. Allison, Leonardtown. Md.
1921 Wilmsen, Barry W.,- Mcintosh, 8. D.
1914 Wilson. Albert L., Kansas City. Mo.
1921 Wilson, Albion B., Hartford, Conn.
1918 Wilson, Allan M., Manchester. N. B.
1912 Wilson, Andrew, Washington, D. O.
1917 Wilson, Andrew. New York, N. Y.
1911 Wilson, Butler R., Boston, Mass.
1914 WUaon, C. Franklin, Morriatown, N. J.
1916- Wilson, C. J., Washington,. Iowa.
1922 Wilson, Oarl M.. Superior, Wis.
1906 Wilson, Oephas Love, Marianna, Fla.
1906 Wilson, Charlea A., Prwidenoe. R. L
1921 Wilson, Charles B., Jr., Pawhuaka, Okla.
1916 WUaon, Charles Birge, Plagstair, Aria.
1921 Wilson, Charles C, Meade, Kan.
1914 Wilson, Charlea F., Washington, D. a
1904 Wilson, Clarence R., Waahlngton, D. a
1921 Wilson, B. B., Jefferson, Iowa.
1918 Wilson, E. B., New York, N. Y.
1922 Wilson, E. B., Conrallis, Ore.
1922 Wilson, Edgar M., San Francisoo, Oal.
1907 Wilson, Edmund, Red Bank. N. J.
1922 WUaon, EUis E., Waterioo, Iowa.
1921 Wilaon, Emmet H., Los Angeles, Oat
1918 Wilson, Eugene 8., New York. N. Y.
1921 WOson, Floyd A., Saginaw, Mich.
1911 Wilson, Francis C, Ssnta Fe, N. M.
1921 Wilson, Francis M., Kansas City, Mo.
1916 Wilson, George B., Qulncy. lU.
1911 Wilson, George L.. Bostoq. Mass.
1918 Wilson, George T., Breckenridge, Texas.
1921 Wilson, H. J., Haclehurtt, Mias.
1922 Wilson, Harold J,. Burlington, . Iowa.
1922 Wilaon, Harry L., BiBings, Mont
1892 Wilson. Hemy H.. Lincoln, Nebr.
1917 Wilson. Henry L. Big Run. Pa.
1920 Wilson, Horace Sandes, Los Angeles, Gat
1921 Wilson, J. R., Wsrren, Ark.
1920 Wilson. Jsmes G.. Portland, Ore.
1912 Wilson, John, Bangor. Maine.
1918 Wilson. John P., Columbus, Ohiow
1916 Wilson, John R.^ Bainbridge, Georgia.
1922 Wilson, John Ralph, San Frandsoo, Oal.
1918 Wilson, Joseph R., PhiladelpUa, Pa.
1910 Wilson, Julian C, Memphis, Temu
1921 Wilson. Leon T., Chicago, 111.
1921 Wilson, Louis &,. Raton, N. Mex.
1921 Wilson, Ludwig M., New York, N. Y.
19U Wilaon, Mahlon B.', Salt Lake City,
Utah.
1918 Wilson, Mountford S., San Francisoo.
Ckl.
1878 Wilson, Nsthaniel, Washington, D. O.
1918 Wilson, Percy, Silver City, N. M.
1921 Wilson, Ralph P.. Lincoln, Neb.
1913 Wilson, Robert H.. Brooklyn, N. Y.
1914 Wilson. S. P.. Nashville, Tenn.
1912 Wilson, Samuel M., Lexington, Ky.
1921 Wilson, Solon G., Bartow, Fla.
1921 Wilson, SUnley C, Chelsea, Vt
1907 Wilson. Virgil X3.. Portlsnd, Maine.
1911 Wilson, W. P., Oklahoma aty, Okla.
1921 Wilaon, Wax^en B., Chicago, BL
878
AMERICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
BLBCTBD
1622 WilaoB, Wftync T., Reno, Ner.
1921 Wilson, William H., Lowell, Mam,
1918 Wilaon, William O., Caaper. Wyo.
1914 WilaoB, WlUiam R., Elizabeth, N. J.
1915 Wilaon, William T., Jackaonyille, HI.
1894 Wilaon, Woodrow, Waahington, D. O.
ua Wilweracheidf Norbert, at Paul, Minn.
1919 Winch, liouia H«, Cleveland, Ohioi
1917 Wineheater, Lae, Memphia, Tenn.
1922 Winder, A. Heber, Rivenide. OaL
1908 Windera, C. H., Seattle, Waah.
1921 Windca, Dudley W., Tempe, Aria.
1908 Wlndea, Thomaa Q., Chicago, IlL
1917 Windolph, F. Lyman, Lancaster, Pa.
1908 Wineman, Jacob B., Grand Porka, N. D.
1921 Winer, Aaron, Olarkaburg, W. Va.
1921 Wineteer, Oharlea O., Springfield, III.
1916 Winfree, A. B., Portland, Oregon.
1907 Wing, George CL, Auburn, Maine.
1806 Wing. Heniy T., New York, N. T.
1921 Wing, Leonard P., Rutland, Vt
1022 Wing, Thomaa E., New York, N. Y.
1918 Wingmte, William W., New York, N. Y.
1920 Winger, Maurice H.. Kanaaa City, Mo.
1921 Wingert, Edward E., Dixon, HI.
1911 Wingfleld, Guatavua A., Roanoke, Ta.
1921 Winkelman, Albert T., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1918 WmUer, Max H., New York, N. Y.
1919 Winn, Robert H., Mt SterUng, Ky.
1922 Winnek, E. V., San Diego, Oal.
1920 Winaett. Alfred Irl, Tucaon. Aria.
1921 Winalow, Henry J., Boaton, MaaL
1906 Winalow, WUliam Bererly, New Yoik.
N. Y.
1918 Winatead, George W., St Louia, Mo.
1918 Wineton, Charlea H., Kanaaa City. Mo.
1917 Winaton, Prancia D., Windaor, N. O.
1918 Winaton, Garrard B., Chicago, 111.
1917 Winaton, Geddea H., Richmond. Va.
1921 Winaton, Harry L., Detroit, Mich.
1916 Winaton, James H., Chicago, 111.
19U Winaton, R. W., Washington, D. C.
1917 Winter, Charles E., Casper, Wyo.
1907 Winterateen, Abram H., Philadelphia.
Pa.
1914 Winthrop, Bronaon, New York, N. Y.
1922 Winthrop, Grenville B.. New York.
N. Y.
1921 Wirth, Frederick, Jr., New York. N. Y.
1915 Wiadom, Frank, Bedford, Iowa.
1918 Wlae, O. 8., Akron, Ohio.
1907 Wise, Edmond E., New York, N. Y.
1911 Wise, Hemy A., New York. N. Y.
1911 Wise. Henry M., New York. N. Y.
1916 Wise, Jamea H., Twin Falla. Idaho.
1920 Wiae, Jennings Gkopper, Waahiagton,
D. C.
1921 Wiae. HiiUp 0., 8t Louis, Mo.
BLEOTBD
1922 Wia^ WiUiam F., Pittaborgh, Ft.
1922 Wiaeman, Adolph H., Seattle, Waah.
1904 Wializenua, Frederick A., gt. Louia, M«.
1920 Wiamer. Otto G., Detroit, Mich.
1918 Wianer, Carl V., Chicago, IlL
1918 Wiailer, E. A., Carroll. Iowa.
1921 Wiseman, Leonard, Qiicago, IlL
1919 Wistner, Vernon J., Port Arthur, Texasi
1918 Withers, Robert O., Reno, Nevada.
1916 Withenpoon, A W.. Spokane. Waah.
1921 Witherspoon, Walter M.. FoatoriA, Ohio.
1021 Withgott, J. D., Chillicothe, Ohio.
1920 Withington, Arthur, Honolulu, Hawaii.
1921 Withington, Lothrop, Boston, Maaa.
1878 Withrow, Jamea E.. St Louia, Mo.
1918 Witte, Herman J., New York, N. T.
1922 Witten, C. L., San Jose, Cal.
1921 Witthaua, John A., St. Louis, Mo.
1918 Wittkowaky, L. A., Camden, S. O.
1921 Wittmeyer, Oustave, Jr., Chicago, m.
1922 Wittachen, T. P., Oakland, Oil.
1915 Witty, W. H.. Pocatello, Idaha
19U Woemer, William F.. St. Loute. Mo.
1921 Woeste, Joseph H., Cincinnati. Ohio.
1922 Woffard, Columbus M., Van Buren. Ark.
1922 Wolber, Joseph G., Newark, N. J.
1909 Woloott, Frank T.. New York, N. T.
1917 Wolcott, Harry K., Norfolk, Vs.
1918 Wolcott, Josiah O.. Dover, DeL
1922 Wolcott, Oliver, Boston, Masa.
1920 Wolcott, Ralph S., New York, N. T.
1918 Wolcott, Roger H., Denver, Cola
1919 Woley, James D., Chicago, IlL
1918 Wolf, Adolph G., San Juan, P. R.
1920 Wolf, Alexander, Chicago, 111.
1921 Wolf, Alexander, Waahbigton, D. OL
1910 Wolf, Benjamin Y., New Orleans. La.
1914 Wolf, Conrad, Kokomo, Ind.
1921 Wolf, Franda A., Pittaburgfa, Penn.
1898 Wolf, OuaUve A., Grand Rapids, Midi.
1918 Wolf, Henry Milton, Chicago, lU.
1912 Wolf. Morria, PhiladelphU, Pa.
1918 Wolf, Ralph, New York, N. Y.
1918 Wolf, Samuel, New Orleana, La.
1921 Wolf, Walter B., Chicago. IIL
1921 Wolfe, Arthur R., Chicago, IlL
1921 Wolfe. C. Dale, Wewoka, Okla.
1916 Wolfe, George E.. Johnatown. Pn.
1921 Wolfe,* Hany M., Dayton. Ohio.
1914 Wolfe, Isaac, New Haven, Cout
1916 Wolfe, James H., Salt Uke City. Utah.
1921 Wolfe, John W., Cincinnati. Ohio.
1921 Wolfe, ''. B., Clinton, Iowa.
1922 Wolfe, R. N., Pittsburg, Cal.
1920 Wolfe, Samuel M., Columbia, a Q.
1904 Wolfe, William H., Parkersburg, W. ¥a.
1914 Wolfenbarger, A. O., Lincoln, Nebr.
1922 Wolfes, Charles A.. Fort Payne, Ala.
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF MBHBEB8.
879
KLSCTBD
1922 Wolff, Harry K., San Franciaco, Oal.
1920 Wolff. Henry J., New York, N. T.
1915 Wolff. Mervjn. New York. N. Y.
1912 Wolff, Oscar U., Oiica^. HI.
1921 Wolfaon. Julian A.. Manila. P. I.
1921 Wolfstein. Samuel. Cincinnati, Ohio.
1922 WoUewn. W. D.. Chicago, 111.
1806 Wollman. Henry. New York. N. Y.
1913 Wolters, Jacob P.. Bouaton, T^xai.
1922 Woltz. A. B.. Oastonia, N. O.
1906 Wolverton. Charlei E., Portland. Ore.
1914 Womack,. G. P., Duncan, Okla.
1921 Wombacher. Q. P.. Maacoutah. 111.
1918 Womble. B. &. Winston-Salem. N. a
1921 Wonnell. Harry 8.. Hamilton. Ohio.
1920 Wood. Carroll D.. Little Bock, Ark.
1915 Wood. Chandler M.. Beaton. Maaa.
1912 Wood. Edgar L.. Milwaukee. Wia.
19n Wood. Frank E.. Cincinnati. Ohio.
1919 Wood, Franklin N., Chicago. HL
19Q6 Wood, Fremont. Boiie. Idaho.
1921 Wood. Hunter. Hopkinsrille. Ky.
1912 Wood. John J.. Berlin. Wia.
1900 Wood. John M., St. Louis, Mo.
1922 Wood. John Perry. lioa Angeles, Cal.
1911 Wood. L. Elmer, Fall Blyer. Masa.
1920 Wood. Myrtle B., St. Louis, Mo.
1922 Wood, Owen J., Topeka, Kana.
1921 Wood. Roger B., New York. N. Y.
1904 Wood. Sol A.. Port Wayne. Ind.
1906 Wood. Sterling A.. Birmingham, Ala.
1911 Wood, Sterling M., Billinga. Mont
1916 Wood. W. W., Rumanaville. Mo.
1921 Wood. William Allen. Indianapolla, Ind.
1921 Wood. William O.. Chicago. HI.
1921 Wood. William L., Kansas City, Kan.
1921 Woodall. Wm. Manrin, Birmingham. Ala.
1914 Woodard. John E.. Wilson, N. a
1912 Woodard. William H.. Watertown, Wis.
1917 Woodbuni. William. Reno. Ner.
1922 Woodcock. A. W. W.. Salisbury. Md.
1916 Woodcock. W. I.. Hollidaysburg. Pa.
1922 Woodhull. Proat. San Antonio. Texas.
1921 Wooding. Harry. Jr.. Danville. Va.
1918 Woodland, Frank H., Omaha. Nebr.
1921 Woodley. O'eorge N.. Portland. Oreg.
1907 Woodman, Albert &. Portland. Maine.
1886 Woodman. Edward. Portland, Maine.
1921 Woodmansee. D. D., Cincinnati, Ohio.
1911 Woodrough, Joseph W.. Omaha, Nebr.
1900 Woodruff, Charles M., Detroit, Mich.
lOOS Woodruff, Clinton Rogers, PhiladelphU,
Pa.
lOU Woodruff, George H.. Lea An~*lea. Cal.
1878 Woodruff. George M.. Litchfield. Conn.
lOfO Woodniff. Jamea P., Litchfield. Conn.
1018 Woodruff, Robert J., New Raven. Cbnn.
ion Woodnm. OUfton A.. Roanoke. Va.
BLBCTCD
1917 Woods, Albert F., Marion, a a
1886 Woods, Charles A.. Marion, 8. CI
1918 Woods, Ohaa. H.. Chicago, III.
1907 Woods, Edgar H.. Pageville, Ky.
1921 Wooda. Edward O.. Chicago, HL
1909 Woods, J. B., Corsicaaa, Texas.
1806 Woods. John Garter Brown. Prorldenea,
B. L
1912 Woods. John M.. Martlnabarg. W. Va.
1920 Wooda. John Powell, Fbrt Smith. Ark.
1917 Wooda. M. C. Marion, a O.
1911 Woods, Sam B., Jr.. New Yoik, N. Y.
1917 Woods. Samuel V. Philippi. W. Va.
1922 Woods. Weighstm. Chicago. HI.
1921 Woods. William B.. Cleveland, Ohio.
1913 Woods, William S., Taunton, Mass.
1917 Woodville, J. L. Warren, New Orleans.
La.
1917 Woodville, John A, New Orlesns, La.
1921 Woodward, Ernest. LouisviUe. Ky.
1902 Woodward, Frederic C, Chicago, HL
1920 Woodward. William H.. St Louia, Mo.
1918 Woodworth. Edward K.. Concord, N. B.
1922 Woodworth. Harry L., Ipswich, S. D.
1921 Wooledge. Gains S., Minot. N. D.
1920 Woolf, Charlea. Tempe. Aria.
1922 WooUey. Arthur. Ogden. Utah.
1916 Woolley. Clarence N.. Pawtucket, B. L
1918 Woolley, George I., Brooklyn,* N. Y.
1922 Woolley, J. E., Fresno. Cal.
1914 Woolley. Victor B.. Wilmington. Del.
1920 Woolridge. W. T., Pine Bluff. Art.
1916 Woolaey. John M.. New York. N. Y.
1894 Woolaey, Theodore a. New Haven. Conn.
1921 Woolverton. William H.. Birmingham,
Ala.
1921 Woolwine, Clare. Loa Angeles. Cal.
1922 Wooten. Dudley O.. Seattle. Waah.
1919 Wootton. E. H.. Hot Springs. Ark.
1911 Worcester, Edwin D.. New York. N. Y.
1921 Worcester. Theodore. Aurora. HI.
1920 Word. Roscoe. KnoxviUe, Tenn.
1922 Work. George A.. Sacramento. Oil.
1898 Work. James C. Uniontown, Pa.
1896 Works. John D., Los Angeles. GaL
1921 Worley. John B.. Osdiz, Ohio.
1922 Worlock. Montague H., Kearney, Nebr.
1914 Worman, Philip H., Dayton. Ohio.
1920 Wormser. L Maurice, New York. N. Y.
1914 Wormser. Leo P.. Chicago, 111.
1921 Worrell, George. Poughkeepaie. N. Y.
1921 Worrell. Grover C, Mullens, W. Va.
1912 Woraham, John C, Henderson, Ky.
1919 Worstell. Harrold E., Wallace, Idaho.
1917 Wortendyke. Rynier J.. Jersey City,
N. J.
1918 Worthington. A. Saunders P.. West Fftllc
CSmrch. Va.
880
AMERICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
BLBCTID
1921 Worthington, Oeorgt £•• New York,
1886 Worthington, William, Cincinnati, OhiOb
1917 Worthwine, O. W., Boise. Idaho.
1921 Wortliy, 0. C, Hardin. 111.
1922 Woten, John W., San Pranciaco, Oal.
1920 W07, John M., Telluride. Colo.
1919 Woaencraft, Frank W., Dallas, Tex.
1921 Wray. Don C. Chicago, 111.
1916 Wiay, J. Bailey, KnoxviUe, Tenn.
1919 Wren, Tbomaa H., Okemah, Oklft.
1922 Wretman, N. E., San Joae, Oal.
1918 Wright. Alfred, Loa Angeles, Cal.
1918 Wright. Allen, McAlcster, Okla.
1918 Wright. Allen Q., San Francisco, CaL
1921 Wright, Arthur. Los Angelca, Oil.
1911 Wright. Arthur. New York, N. Y.
1906 Wright, Arthur W., Austin, Minn. .
1917 Wright, Austin Tappan. San Francisco,
Cal.
1909 Wright. Barry, Rome, Ga. .
1921 Wright. Hartley J., New York. N. Y.
1922 Wright. Benson, Caraon City. Nev.
1922 Wright, Boardman. New York. N. Y.
1921 Wright, Daniel Thew, Washington,
D. O.
1918 Wright, Edward R., SanU Fe. N. H.
1914 Wright. Edwin O., BockviUe Centre,
N. Y.
1916 Wright. Fred. A.. Omaha, Nebr.
1922 Wright, Fred B., Minneapolis. Uinn.
1914 Wright. George R., Wilkes-Barre, Pa,
1914 Wright, Georgs S., Dallas, Texas.
1921 Wright, George Thomaa, San Francisco.
Osl.
1916 Wright, . Gifford K., Pittsburgh. Pa.
1921 Wright, Hamilton, Blackfoot. Ida.
1916 Wright, Harry M.. San Francisco, Oal.
1922 Wright, Howard W., Los Angeles, Oal.
1917 Wright, Isaac C. Wilmington, N. C.
1922 Wright. J. Merrill. Pittsburgh, Pa.
1916 Wright. J. Purdon, Baltimore, Md.
1910 Wright, James B.. Knoxville, Tenn.
1919 Wright, James F., Noriolk, Va.
1918 Wright, John H.. Oklahoma City, Okla.
1928 Wright, Leroy A., San Diego, Cal.
1919 Wright, Lucian B.. Sapulpa. Okla.
1917 Wright, R. Lee, Salisbury. N. 0.
1922 Wright, R. H., Fort Dodge. Iowa.
1922 Wright, R. M.. San Joae, Cal.
1914 Wright, T. A.. Knoxville, Tenn.
1918 Wright, W. A., San Angelo, Tex.
1918 Wright, Wendell J., Harkensack, N. J.
1912 Wright, William B.. Effingham. 111.
1906 Wrightington, a R.. Boston, Mass.
1920 Wrinkle, John S., Chattanooga. Tenn.
1921 Wrynn. William F.. Wallingford, Conn.
1921 Wurster, Henry L., Chicago, 111.
1922 Wnrtele, Edward C, Chicago, IlL
ILBCTBD
900 Wuraer, F. Henry, Detroit, Mich.
909 Wurser, Louis C Detroit, Mich.
921 Wyatt, Dillard H., Roswell, N. Mex.
920 Wy brant, O. C, Woodward, Okla.
921 Wyckoff, Hubert O., Wataonville, Oal.
911 Wyckoff, J. Edwards, New York, N. T.
922 Wycoff, F. F., Stanley, N. D.
920 Wylder, L. Newton. Kansas aty. Mo.
921 Wyllie, Alfred S., Greensboro, N. 0.
909 Wyman, Harry C, Boise, Idaho.
1894 Wyman, Henry A., Boston, Mass.
916 Wyman, John P., Boston, Mass.
918 Wyman, Louis E., Manchester, N. H.
921 Wyman, Vincent D., Chicago, 111.
921 Wynne, Heloise, Chicago, Dl.
915 Wynne, Kenneth, New Haven, Conn,
919 Wynne, T. D., Fordyce. Ark.
914 Wyvell, Manton M., Washington. D. a
914 Yager, Albert B., Lemmon. S. D.
922 Yale, Margeret D., Burbank, Oal.
918 Yancey, George W., Birmingham, Ala.
921 Yankauer, Alfred, New York, N. Y.
921 Yankey, Charles G., Wichita, Kan.
921 Yantis. Samuel S., Lexington, Ky.
918 Yates, Clyde Raymond, New Haren,
Conn..
922 Yates, J. F., Oonrallia, Ore.
921 Yeager, J. F., Zamboanga, P. I.
907 Yeaman, James M., Henderson, Ky.
920 Yeaman, Malcolm, Henderson, Ky.
921 Yeatman, Rudolph H., Washington,
D. 0.
921 Yehle, Leo J., Syracuse, N. Y.
912 Yelland, Judd, Escanaba, Mich.
920 Yeomans, Edward M., Hartford, Cona.
920 Yeomans, M. J., Dawson, Ga.
920 Yerger, Campbell, Memphis, Tenn.
922 Yerkes, Damon G., Jacksonville, Fla.
909 Yerkes, George B., Detroit, Mich.
912 Yockey, Chauncey W., Milwaukee, Wis.
920 Yokom, Ford M., Detroit. Mich.
914 Yonge, J. £. Davis, Pensacola, Fla.
919 Yont, Alonzo E., Boston, Mass.
921 Yoran, M. J., Manchester. Iowa.
921' York, C. A,, Hig"h Point, N. O
022 York, John T., Napa, Gal.
921 York, Roscoe'T., ScottsblufT, Neb.
922 York, Waldo Marvin, Los Angeles, Cal.
919 Yoat, George S., Baltimore. Md.
899 Youmana, Frank A.. Fort Smith, Ark.
913 Young, A.' L., Winthrop, Minn.
917 Young, Arthur R., Charleston, 8L C
919 Young, B. L., Boston, Mass.
913 Ypu^, C. L.| Bismarck, N. D.
922 Young, Charles, Jeney City, N. J.
921 Young, Charles R., Chicago, IlL
922 Young, E. R., Los Angeles, CaL
1906 Young, Edward B., St. Paul, Minn.
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF HBMBEBS.
881
■LMTU)
1918 Yoaog, Edwin P., Towanda, Pa.
1911 Young, George B., Montpelier, Vt.
1914 Young, Henry, Jr., Newark. N. J.
1919 Young, Hobart P., Chicago, 111.
1911 Young, J. P., Memphis, Tenn.
1918 Young, John E., Exeter. N. IL
19Z1 Young, Lawrence A., Chicago, III.
19SE1 Young, Lyndol L, Lob Angeles, Oal.
1922 Young, Margaret, Forsyth, Mont.
1918 Young, Milton K.. Loe Angeles, CaL
1900 Young, Newton C. Fargo, N. D.
1921 Young, O. E., Georgetown, Ohio.
1918 Young, Oscar L., Lacooia, N. H.
1911 Young, Owen D., New York, N. Y.
1916 Young, Has. Longriew, Texaa.
. 1918 Young, Raymond G., Omaha, Nebr.
1920 Young, Robert S., Knoxrille, Tenn.
1911 Young, Stephen E., Boston, Mass.
1914 Young, Stuart A., Newark. N. J.
1918 Young. Taylor R.. St. Louis. Mo.
19Z1 Young. Thomas J., Chicago. 111.
1917 Young, Truman Post, St. Louis, Mo.
1917 Young, U. G., Buckhannon, W. Va.
1914 Yotmg. W. E., Akron. Ohio.
1913 Young, William P., Pottstown,- Pa.
1919 Yoang. WiUian Wallace, New York.
N. Y.
1917 Young, Willinm Waller, New Orleans,
La.
1911 Youngman. William 8., Boston, Mass*
1911 Zabriskie, George, New York, N. Y.
1928 Z»cbariM, Isidore A, Jacksonville, FU.
ILKCTED
19u8 Zane, John M., Chicago, HI.
1917 Zaring, Clarence A., ^Basin, Wyo.
1922 Zayas, Rafael Rivera, San Juan, P. R.
1922 Zieser, Julius A., New York, N. Y.
1898 Zeisler. Sigmund. Chioago, IIL
1921 Zelenko, Jacob. New York, N. Y.
1919 Zeman. Anton T., Chicago, 111.
1917 Zeppenfeld, Robert M., St. Louis, Ho.
1918 Zesiger, E. E., Akron, Ohio.
1921 Zetterholm, Maurice E., Oglesburg. HI.
1918 Zevely, J. W., Washington, D. C.
1921 Ziegler, Irving E., New York, N. Y.
1922 Ziegler, laidor, Omaha, Neb.
1921 Zielonka. Saul, Cincinnati. Ohio. *
1912 Zillman, ChristUn C. H , Chicago. 111.
1922 Zimmerman, Arthur A., Waterloo, Iowa.
1918 Zimmerman. Dennis, Tulia, T'^xaa.
1921 Zimmerman, E. A., Chicago, 111.
1912 Zimmerman, S. R., Lancaster. Pa.
1922 Zimmerman, Thomas L., Jr., New York,
N. Y.
1921 Zinke, Alexander U., New York, N. Y.
1922 Zion, Edwin H., Modesto. Cal.
1922 ZoUne, Elijah N., New York, N. Y.
1922 ZoUicolfer, Jere Perry, Henderson, N. 0.
1011 Zollman, F. W., St. Paul, Minn.
1921 Zook, Edgar T., San Francisco, Cal.
1910 Zmnbalen, Joseph H., St. Louis. Mo.
1910 Zumbninn. William F., Kansas City,
Mo.
1990 Zweog, Charles A., Bloomington, QL
< I I
STATE LIST OF MEMBERS BY CITIES AND TOWNS
1922-1923.
Albany ('Morgan)
tl981 Almon, David C.
1021 Chenault, Q. O.
1916 Eyster, John 0.
1021 Price, C. L.
1021 Tidwell. Tennis
Aaialuaia (Oovington)
-1017 Whaley, A.
Anniiton (Calhoun)
lOU Acker» William P.
1018 Agree, A. P.
1921 Bibb, John D.
1921 Blackmon, Rom
1021 Lapsley, Rutherford
1021 Lilea, Luther B.
1021 Mathews, James Foucbe
1021 Sterne, Neal P.
Bay XiBdttd (Baldwin)
1021 Moorer, Henry D.
1021 Stone, Norbome O.
Bdfsuaer (Jefferson)
lOlS Welch, W. S.
Blrmlufham (JefTerson)
1021 Abercrombie, Henry M.
1021 Baldwin, Mortimer M.
1021 Black, Hugo L.
1021 Bondurant, Oeorge Per-
kins
1014 Bradley, Lee 0.
1906 Cabaniss, E. H.
1916 Calhoun, Charles A.
1011 Coleman, Phares
1021 Evans, Richard V.
1914 Onibb, WillUm L
1921 Haley, L. B.
1921 Haley, L. J.
1914 Harsh, Griffith R.
1912 Howze, Henry R.
1921 Judge, Thomas J.
1921 Lamar, Theodore J.
BlTmiAfbam (Jefferson)
Cont'd
1921 Lamkin, OrifBn
1021 Leader, Benjamin
1014 McArthur, Frank D.
1918 McO^ossin, WiUiam P.
1908 Martin, Thomas W.
1014 Martin, William L.
1922 Moore, Frederick O.
1914 Morrow, Hugh
1921 Nesmith. C. C.
1921 Oberdorfer, A. Leo
1906 O'Neal, Emmett
1921 Pritchard. WilUam 8.
1919 Ritter, COaode D.
1912 Rudulph, Z. T.
1910 Sims, Henry Upson
1918 Smith, Robert E.
1908 Stokely, J. T.
1921 Stone, John 8.
1919 Thompson, R. Dupont
1906 Tillman, John P.
1921 Ullman, M. M.
1921 Watts, R. B.
1906 Weatherly, James
1910 White. Prank S.
1906 Wood. Sterling A.
1921 Woodall. Wm. Marvin
1921 Woolverton, William H.
1918 Yancey, Oeorge W.
BrewtoB (Escambia)
1920 Brooks, Leon O.
1921 McMillan, Ed. Uigh
1918 Smith, O. W. L.
OuUman (Cullman)
1920 Denson, Paine
Deoatar (Morgan)
1913 Callahan. W. W.
1906 Oodbey. E. W.
1916 Nelson, Oeorge A.
1921 Skeggs, William E.
1921 Troup, Lovick P.
Demopolis (Marengo)
1914 McDaniel, Henry
Dofhaa (Houston)
1917 Reid, Benjamia P.
Elba ((Mfee)
1917 Sanders, W. W.
Eufavla (Barbour)
1914 McDowell, CSurles &.
Jr.
Evergraen (Conecuh)
1921 Jones, B. E.
1916 Page, Edwin O.
Tloranoa (Lauderdale)
1914 Bradshaw, Hemy A.
1917 MitcheU, William H.
Jmt Payna (Dekalb)
1922 Wolfea, Charles A.
Oadadan (Etowab)
1916 Allen, 0. C.
1916 Dortch, W. R.
1914 Vaacet Victor
Graaasbwo (Hale)
1918 Evins, Robert B.
OreesYiUa (Butler)
1917 Powell, D. M.
HnntsWlle (Madiaon)
1910 Ouwper, Ueorge P.
1908 Cooper, Lawrence
1918 Grayson, David A.
1918 Walker, Richard W.
Jasper (Walker)
1917 Bankhead, Jdm H., Jr.
1917 Davis, W. C.
LiviagBtoa (Sumter)
1914 Patton, wniiam Wayne
1981 Seal^ Ibomaa F.
* Name of 0)unty. f Date of Election.
(882)
BTATE LIST OP MEMBEBS BY CITIES AND TOWNS.
883
Hoblle (Mobile)
1913 Armbrecht, William H.
1906 Br«mberg, Frederick 0.
1914 Brown, Leo If.
1916 Leigh, Norvelle R.
1915 IfclfilUn, B. P.
1918 Smith, Robert H.
1913 Stevens, T. M.
Xonroeville (Monroe)
1917 Barnett, J. B.
1921 BiggB, Leonard S.
1920 Lee, A. C.
Xemtffomery (Montgomery)
1914 Andcraon, John C.
1901 Ball, Fred S.
1912 Ballard, Eugene
1919 Beckwith, Edmund R.
1916 Blakey, William
1910 Clayton, Henry D.
1921 Crenahaw, H. P.
1908 Crum, B. P.
1904 Dent, S. Habert, Jr.
1904 Jones, George W.
1920 Jones, Walter B.
1913 Ligon, R. P.
1915 McClellan, Thomaa 0.
1917 MacKenzie, Stuart
1913 Mayfleld, James J.
1922 Purifoy, Francis Marion
1911 Rushton, Ray
1980 Smith, J. Q.
1914 Bteiner, Robert B., Jr.
1910 Stollenwerck, Frank
1913 Stringfellow, Horace
1913 Thoriugton, J. W.
1920 Troy, Alexander
1913 Weil, Leon
1917 White, Hugh
Opellka (Lee)
1917 Denson, N. D.
1919 Walker, Jacob A.
PntttvlUe (Autauga)
1921 Jones, Roger Alston
Soottiboro (Jackson)
1911 Brown, Lawrence E.
Selma (Dallas)
1921 Keith, CHiambliBS
1917 Lapsley, John Whitfield
1916 Mallory, Hugh
1918 PettuB, Edmund W.
Talladega (Talladega)
1920 Dixon, J. Kelly
ALABAXA^A&IZOVA
Troy (Pike)
1917 Wilkeraon, John H.
Tnioalooia (Tuscaloosa)
1917 Clarkson, Edgar L.
1917 Foster, J. Manley
Tnaosmbla (Colbert)
1917 Carmichael, A. H.
1917 Kirk. James T.
ALASKA
Cordova
1917 Donohoe, Ttiomas J.
1921 Foster, Frank H.
Fairbanks
1921 Atwell, Howard J.
1919 Clark, John A.
Iditarod
1921 Albrecht, (Seorge W.
Juneau
1922 Castle, N. H.
1914 Cobb, John H.
1922 Faulkner, Herbert L.
1922 Reed, Thomas M.
1915 Robertaon. Ralph E.
1919 Shoup, Arthur 0.
1922 SUbler, Howard D.
Seward
1921 Ray, L. V.
1919 Whittleaey, William H.
▼aides
1920 Dimond, Anthoi^ J.
A&IZOKA
BUbee (Cochise)
1920 Casey, James S.
1806 Ellinwood, Everett E.
1921 Flanigan, Edw. J.
1922 Knapp, C. T.
1906 Roes, John M.
Bowie (Cochise)
1920 VUison, W. H.
Oasa Chraade (Pinal)
1920 Jayne, A. A.
Douglas (Ckxrhise)
1918 Benshimol, D.^vid
1919 Boyle, James Patrick
1919 Oilmore, W. O.
Douglas (Cochise) Cont'd
1921 King, W. D.
1918 Pickett, Harry E.
Flagstaff (Ckxvnino)
1919 Gold, Frank M.
1916 Wilson, Charles Birge
Florence (Pinal)
1916 Baughn. Otis J.
1921 Patterson, E. P.
Globe (OiU)
1920 Cunningham, D. L.
1921 Mallott, James R.
1919 Mathews, Clifton
1921 Morris, Samuel H.
1921 Rice, Edward W.
Holbrook (Navajo)
1920 Larson, Thorwald
1914 Sapp. Sidney
Jerome (Yavapai)
1919 Ling, Peny M.
1014 Rutherford, Charles H.
Kingman (Mohave)
1914 Herndon, Charles W.
1912 Krook, Carl 0.
Xesa (Maricopa)
1919 Dougherty, M. J. O.
Jfogales (Santa Crus)
1914 Hardy, Leslie C.
Phoenix (Maricopa)
1919 Alexander, J. L. B.
1919 Armstrong, Thomas, Jr.
1921 Baxter, Harold
1919 Birdaall. Alice M.
1921 Chalmers, Louis H.
1919 Christy, George D.
1921 Cox, James J.
1922 Cox, L. J.
1919 Cunningham, G. S.
1020 Drake, Earl F.
1921 Fenneroore, H. M.
1914 Hayes, P. H.
1919 Holton, C. R.
1919 Jenckes, Joseph S.
1918 Lavin, James P.
1919 Lewis, Ernest W.
1921 Lewkowits, Herman
1021 Longan, John M.
1920 Ludwig, Oswald Cross,
Jr.
884
AMERICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
PUo^nlx (Maricoim) Cont'd
1016 Hftrks, B. E.
1921 Nairn, Thomas O.
1019 Nealon, Thomas W.
1910 Nelson, James E.
1914 Perkins, F. W.
1916 Ross, Henry D.
1921 Shepherd, Robert E. Lee
1914 Sloan, Richard E.
1011 Smith, Frank O.
1919 SUhl, Floyd M.
1919 SUnford, Rawghlie C.
1915 Stilwell, William H.
1920 Stockton, A. Uendenon
1921 Sullivan, Henry J.
1920 Townsend, Fred Blair
1920 Vaughn, Loren
1921 Walton. Thomas P.
1917 White, Samuel
1920 Whitney, LouU B.
Preioott (Yavapai)
j912 Anderson, Le Roy
1922 Baker, Arthur G.
1922 Brown, M. Ralph
1919 Clark, Neil C.
1919 Ellis, John A.
1919 Favour, A. H.
1916 Lamson, Richard
1919 Lovcridge, Edgar H.
1918 Morgan, Joseph H.
1890 Morrison, Robert E.
1919 Nilsson, George W.
1919 Norris, Herndon J.
1919 Norris, T. G.
1919 O'Sullivan, P. W.
1919 Parks, Daniel E.
1920 Sullivan, John L.
1919 Sweeney, John J.
SalFord (Graham)
1921 Spriggs, E. L.
8t. Johns (Apache)
1916 Nelson, Fred, W.
Tempo (Maricopa)
1921 WIndes, Dudley W.
1920 Wool!, Charles
Tombltono (Cochise)
1919 Kingsbury, James Thorn*
son
1919 Sames, Albert Morris
Tucion (Pima)
1921 Barry, James D.
1921 Bernard, Frederick U.
1921 Bilby, Ralph W.
ABIZOHA— ARKAITOAS
Tuoaon (Pima) 0>nt'd
1921 Blenman, Charles
1912 Campbell, John H.
1921 CellB, Paul J.
1914 Ourley, Frank E.
1921 Oirtis, Leonard J.
1922 Darnell, George R.
1922 Davis, Robert M.
1921 Dunseath, James R.
1914 Hartman, Francis M.
1914 Hereford, Frank H.
1920 Hill, Ben O.
1919 Kingan, S. L.
1921 Langworthy, Ralph W.
1919 Pattee, Samuel L.
1919 Richey, Oscar Turner
1916 Sawtelle, William H.
1920 Winsett, Alfred Irl
WiUooz (Cochise)
1921 Gung'1, John C.
Winilow (Navajo)
1915 Burbage, W. H.
Tuam (Tuma)
1914 Baxter, Frank
1922 (Campbell, Raymond N.
1922 Collins, Ruber A.
1915 Gregory, Walter H.
1921 Lindeman, C. A.
1921 Molloy, Thomas D.
1921 Robertson, Peter T.
ARKANSAS
Arkadelphla (Clark)
1920 Hardage, Joe
1911 Johnson, James V.
1920 McMillan, Dougald
1920 McMillan, John H.
ArkanaAi Oity (Desha)
1920 Hopson, E. E.
Ashdown (Little River)
1918 DuLaney, A. D.
Augusta (Woodruff)
1921 Hutchins, Arthur L.
Bald Knob (White)
1920 Pearce, (}ulbert L.
BAtesviUe (Independence)
ir20 Bone, Samuel M.
1918 Casey, Samuel M.
1922 MeCaleb, John B.
191S Neill, Ernest
BentOBTlll« (Benton)
1920 McOill, J. T.
1916 McGUl. Leonidas H.
Blytheville (Miasissippi)
1911 Oinningham, O. A.
1922 Davis, T. W.
1922 Harrison, Z. B.
1920 Nelson, R. A
BrinUey (Monroe)
1921 Bogle, O. Otis
1920 Greenlee, 0. F.
Camden (OoachiU)
1911 Gaughan, "Hionias J.
Oonway (Faulkner)
1919 Clark, J. a
Corning (Clay)
1919 Btoodworth, C. T.
1920 Daniel, (Tharles L.
1920 Oliver, G. B.
De ^neon (Sevier)
1919 Collins, Abe
1920 IsbcU, BenJ. B.
Dermott (Chicot)
1022 Hammock, H. O.
Des Arc (Prairie)
1920 Vaughan, Emmet
Be Witt (Arkansas)
1918 Rasco, R. D.
El Dorado (Union)
1922 Britt, L. S.
1922 Mvrphy. Patrick W.
1918 Patterson, Wm. E.
1921 Pope, Arthur D.
1922 Savage, Dwight L.
FayetteTlIle (Washington)
1918 Davidson, B. R.
1919 Walker, J. V.
Fordyoe (Dallas)
1919 Wynne, T. D.
Foreman (Little River)
1921 Livesay, J. O.
Forrest City (St. Francis)
1922 Mann, S. H.
1922 Mann, Sam B., Jr.
1922 Norton, C. W.
tort Bmltli (Sebastian)
1920 Brinolftra, John
1»U Daily, H. P.
1080 Falconer, Wm. Armiatead
190A Fitzhugh, Henry U
1919 Hardin, O. C.
1898 Hill, Joseph M.
1920 Holland, John H.
1911 Hon, Daniel
1919 Johnaon, Jo
1898 ICcDonough, James B.
1912 Ifilcs. Vincent If.
1912 Osborne, T. 8.
1918 Pryor, Thomaa B.
1916 Warner, Harry Preston
1920 Woods, John Powell
1809 Toumana, Flrank A.
Greenwood (Sebastian)
1920 Johnson, George W.
1920 Rowe, Bobert A.
Hamburg (Ashley)
1920 George, Gaston P.
1919 Norman, George
Harritbnrg (Poinsett)
1921 Mayo. 8. T.
Keber Bprlngi ((Tlebun^e)
1921 BIttle. J. L.
Helena (Phillipa)
1920 Adams, Skipwith W.
1921 Brewer, Ozero C.
1920 Burke, J. G.
1918 Moore, John I.
1921 Vineyard, Jesse M.
1921 Whitehead, A. D.
Hope (Hempstead)
1910 Graves, O. A.
1918 McCollum, James H.
Hot Springs (Garland)
1921 Bouic, W. G.
1913 Ck>bb, M. 8.
1911 Huff, C. Floyd
1919 Martin, T. K.
1911 Martin, W. H.
1921 Sparks, Charles O.
1921 SUllcup, J. A.
1920 Sumpter, Orlando H.
1919 Wootton, E. H.
Joneoboro (Craighead)
1910 Frierson, Charles D.
1921 Gftutney, J. F.
A&SASBAB
Jonesboro (Craighead) Cont'd
1912 Lamb, N. F.
1920 Patton, A. P.
1920 Sloan, Horace
Lake Oity (CJralghead)
1919 Johnston. J. F.
Lake ViUage (COiicot)
1918 Cook. Harry E.
LewiSYllle (Lafayette)
1920 King, D. L.
1921 Montgomery, R. L.
Little Rock (Pulaski)
1919 Akers, Will Q. .
1911 Armistead, Henry M.
1921 Barber, A. L.
1922 Bohlinger, Meill
1912 Buzbee, Thomas S.
1901 Oantrell, Deaderick H.
1911 Carmichael, J. H.
1918 Chamberlin, Horace
1901 Cockrill, AaUey
1921 Cohn, Louis M.
1911 Coleman, Charles T.
1921 Cypcrt, A. B.
1922 Dodge, Frank H.
1919 Downie, R. B.
1920 Ehrman, S. Lasker
1920 Emerson, George W.
1913 Frauenthal, Sam.
1920 Gannaway, Malcolm W.
1921 Gray. Clifton W.
1021 Hamiter, J. H.
1910 Harris, Marvin
1910 Harrison, Harvey T.
1911 Hawthorne, D. K.
1920 Hays, George W.
1921 Helm, Thomas E.
1912 Hemingway, Wilson E.
1912 Henderson. G. D.
1921 Henry, Elbert A.
1920 House, J. W., Jr.
1918 Humphreys, T. H.
1920 Johnson, Ector R.
1921 Kensworthy, B. S.
1011 Kinsworthy, E. B.
1911 Kirby, WiUiam F.
1920 Lewis, Troy W.
1011 Loughborough, J. F.
1912 Lynn. Roscoe R.
1913 McConnell, George A.
1921 McDonnell, William A.
1912 McHaney, Edgar L.
1916 McNemer, Philip
Little Eock (Pulaski)
Cont'd
1911 McRae, Thomas C.
1921 MaUory, George L.
1911 Mann, Richard M.
1921 Martin, Melbourne M.
1916 Martineau, John B.
1916 Mehaffey, James W.
1911 Mehaffy, T. M.
1902 Moore, John M.
1913 Moss, Edgar E.
1920 Newman, John W.
1920 Owens, Grover T.
1911 Pace. Frank
1922 Poe, Sam T.
1919 Poe, Tom
1913 Pugh, George B.
1921 Riddick, W. G.
1918 Rogera, Silas W.
1898 Rose, George B.
1921 Rose, John M.
1922 Saye, J. N.
1922 Saye. W. T.
1921 Sbofner, Price
1901 Smith, William B.
1911 Terry, Walter J.
1913 Thweatt, Chas. B.
1921 Townsend, Wallace
1919 Trawick, J. I.
1907 Trieber, Jacob
1921 rtley. J. S.
1912 Vaughan, George
1919 Wade, John W.
1919 White, S. L.
1911 Wiley, Robert E.
1920 Williams. Guy P.
1920 Wood, Carroll D.
Lonoke (Lonoke)
1011 Robinson, Joseph T.
1917 Trimble, Thomas C, Jr.
1920 Walls, Charles Albert
XcOekee (Desha)
1020 Wallace, Joseph F.
Xarianna (Lee)
1022 Daggett, C. E.
1920 Daggett, J. B. «
1920 Robertaon, B. D.
Xena (Polk)
1916 Ragland, W. A.
Xonticello (Drew)
1919 Harris, Joe S.
1920 Williamson, Lamar
886
AMEBICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
ABXAHSAft-^VSTHIA— OALirO&HIA
VaihviUe (Howard)
1912 Biahop, John W.
1914 Feazel, W. P.
1920 Rodgeiy, W. 0.
1914 Sain, J. O.
Vewport (Jackson)
1904 Jones, Qustave
1920 Mack, Ira J.
1920 Stayton, John W.
1904 Stayton, Joseph IC.
Ofoeola (Mississippi)
1911 Coeton, J. T.
Paraffonld (Greene)
1915 Block, J. D.
1920 Fuhr, Robert B.
1920 Futrell, J. M.
1912 Huddleston, M. P.
1921 Shane, (]ecil
1916 Taylor, R. P.
FiCf ott (OUy)
1921 Weldin, FVank
Pine Bluff (Jefferson)
1918 Alexander, W. B.
1921 Brockman, E. W.
1911 Coleman, W. F.
1919 Cooper, A. R.
1920 Danaher, Palmer
1914 Elliott, John M.
1912 Rowell, A. H.
1920 Taylor, J. G.
1920 Woolridge, W. T.
Preicott (Nevada)
1921 Hamby, Randolph P.
1911 McKende, H. B.
1921 McRae, Duncan L.
1921 Tompkins, Charles H.
1911 Tompkins, Wm. V.
.9
Bogert (Benton)
1920 Duty, John R.
1922 Nance, John W.
Bn^MllTllle (Pope)
1922 Bullock, J. T.
BUerldaa (Grant)
1920 Posey, Robert Randolph
BtnttffArt (Arkansas)
1922 McCuing, Mike
1912 Pettit, C. E.
1920 Sternberg, H. L.
Texarkana (Miller)
1919 Arnold, W. H., Jr.
1906 Arnold, Wm* H.
1922 Barney, Herbert M.
1911 Carter, Jacob M.
1912 Head, James D.
1922 Jones, Paul
1922 Jones, Paul, Jr.
1916 Moore, Henry, Jr.
1912 Pope, Gustavus O.
1911 Quinn, Frank 8.
1922 Sanderson, M. E.
Van Buren (Crawford)
1920 Arbuckle, John D.
1920 Matlock, Edgar L.
1922 Stockard, George G.
1922 Thompson, Ola D.
1922 Woifard. Columbus M.
Walnut Bidge (Lawrence)
1919 Gibson, O. N.
1919 Ponder, Harry L.
1919 Tharp, E. H.
Warren (Bradley)
1921 Bradham, D. A.
1921 Wilson, J. R.
AVSTBIA
Vienna
1918 Washburn, Albert H.
OALIPOBHIA
Alameda (Alameda)
1908 Gray, Roscoe ^.
Altadena (Los Angelea)
1899 Barton, George P.
Altnrat (Modoc)
1921 Laird, Reuel A.
Atatoadere (San Luis Obispo)
1922 0)hen, Louis
Anhum (Placer)
1914 Fulweiler, John M.
Bakersfleld (Kern)
1922 Harvey, T. N.
1922 Kaye, William W.
1922 McCowan, Barclay
1922 Peairs, Howard A.
1918 Scott, Thomas
1922 Whitakre, George E.
1922 Wiley, J. W.
Baldwin Park (Los Angeles)
1921 Baoon, Walter R.
Banning (Riverside)
1922 Miller, Frank L.
Berkeley (Alameda)
1918 Clark, Herbert W.
1901 Ckistigan, George P., Jr.
1913 McMumy. Orrin K.
1922 May, Samuel O.
1921 Nichols, Elmer B.
1922 North, H. H.
1913 Trabert, Charles L.
1922 Vamum, George Martin
Brawlejr (Imperial)
1906 Finney, A. 0.
Bridgeport (Mono)
1922 Parker, P. R.
Burbank (Los Angeles)
1922 Tale, Margeret D.
Burlingame (San Mateo)
1922 Ferrell, Gilbert D.
OaUstoga (Napa) >
1922 Billings, Addie M.
ChnU Viata (San Diego)
1914 Griath, John Cuyler
1912 Schoonover, Albert
Ooluaa (Colusa)
1922 Millington, Seth, Jr.
Concord (Contra 0>eta)
1922 Sherlock, Alvk S.
Corona (Riverside)
1922 Clayson, Walter S.
1916 Oanahl, Alphonse B.
1922 SUbl, H. K.
Coronado (San Diego)
1918 Dilworth, Read Q.
Daly City (San Mateo)
1918 Groene, John P.
El Oontro (Imperial)
1919 Oole, Fnuiklin J.
1916 Hickcox, Bo« T.
Bso«ndid« (San Diefo)
1922 Turreotine, L. N.
Svreka (Humboldt)
1822 Cutler, Fletcher A.
ralrileld (SoUdo)
1922 Dobbins, B. W.
1922 GkMKlinan. W. U.
1922 Jonet, Kenneth I.
1922 Lindauer, Arthur
1922 Mclnnes, Frencis O.
1922 O'Donnell, WiUiam T.
1922 Raines, Joeeph M.
FUlmore (Ventura)
1922 (telyin, John A.
Vort Braf r (Mendocino)
1922 Pettis, J. A.
1922 Stone, Leonard
Freano (Fresno)
1922 Allyn, Arthur
1922 Ajnesworth, George L.
1922 Barber, L. N.
1922 Ck»nle7, W. IC.
Ctonn, W. A.
Ooy, Sam P.
1922 OiunmingB, Penn
1922 Dearing, Milton M.
19SS Docker, Frederick W.
1922 Drew, A. M.
1922 Dwdle, H. B.
19B Brarts, O. L.
1922 Swing, D. 8.
1922 Fitch, John R.
1922 Gallagher, Jamee J.
1922 Geailiart, Bertrand W.
1922 Gibson, Rue 0.
1922 Hammel, John 0.
1922 Harris, B. M.
1922 Harria, M. B.
1922 Harris, M. K.
1922 HawBon, Henr7
1922 Hayburst, L. B.
1922 Hill, Gbarles A.
1922 Huebner, F. O.
1922 Johnson, Ben H.
1922 Jones, George W.
1922 Kauke, Prank
1922 Lindsay, Carl E.
1922 McDowell. Herbert
1922 Ohannesian, Aram
1922 Ohannesian, J. (}eorga
1922 Odas, O. M.
1922 Sniitli, Lewia H.
1922 Snow, Alvm E.
OAUTOUrZA
Vremo (Fresno) Cont'd
1922 Stammer, Walter H.
1922 Strother, S. L.
1922 Tupper, W. 0.
1922 Wakefield, Ray C'
1922 Warlow, (Siester H.
1922 Wild, U. K.
1922 Wildgrube, H. J.
1922 Willeyi Frank A.
1922 WooUey, J. E.
Gardena (Los Angeles)
1916 Burton, Newark L.
61«ndale (Los Angeles)
1907 Everson, John
Olendoni (Los Angeles)
1921 BidweU, R. B.
Grua Valley (Nevada)
1922 Armstrong, E. H.
1922 Nilon, Frank M.
Hanford (Kings)
1922 Watkinson, Charles E.
Healdsbnrg (Sonoma)
1922 Oollman, James T.
1922 UoUingsworth, A. W.
1918 Norton, E. M.
Kermoaa Beaoh (Los
Angeles)
1915 Greer, Paul E.
Independence (Inyo)
1922 Dehy, William D.
La Jolla (San Diego)
1898 Harper, Jacob 0.
Lodi (San Joaquin)
1922 Henning, Frank A.
Long Beach (Los Angeles)
1921 Cnock. Ralph H.
1922 Denio, E. C.
1922 Doyle, Clyde
1922 Fisher, Eugen<i L
1906 Flewelling, A. L.
1922 Kapp, George F.
1918 Keeler, P. E.
1918 Uird, George M.
1922 McCaughan, George B.
1922 McWhinney, C. O.
1922 Mason, Bruce W.
1910 Minnie, James L.
Lent Beadh (Los Angeles)
Cont'd
1922 PawBon, John E.
1922 Rosenfleld, Adolph B.
1922 Spicer, George M.
1921 Swaffleld, Phil M.
1921 SwaiBeld, Roland C.
1916 Tyler, O. H.
1922 Wallace, Charles D.
1922 Whealton, Louis N.
Loi Angeles (Los Angeles)
1921 Adams, George W.
1922 Adams, William F.
1922 Aggeler, William T.
1922 Allen, Carroll
1922 Amend, Frank B.
1906 Anderson, James A.
1922 Anderson, William H.
1921 Andrews, Americus V.
1922 Andrews, L. W.
1921 Axtihbald, Harry R.
1921 Araoldy, Fred N.
1921 Ashburn, A. W.
1922 Backus, Perry F.
1922 Bacon, Edward B.
1922 Bailie, Norman A.
1921 Bandini, Ralph
1921 Barker, Donald
1917 Bamhfll, WiUiam Allen
1894 Barry, Edmund D.
1922 Bartlett. Alfred L.
1921 Bauer, Harry J.
1921 Beach, H. C.
1922 Bearddey, John
1922 Beebe, George
1922 Beecher, Daniel
1921 Behymer, Glen
1921 Belcher, Frank B.
1921 Beman, John B.
1922 Benjamin, Maurice B.
1921 Bennett, E. Everett
1922 Bennett, James S.
1922 Berkebile, Thomas A.
1922 Biby. John E.
1918 Bicksler, W. S.
1922 Binford, L. B.
1913 Bledsoe, Benjamin F.
1918 Boardman, Louis P.
1922 Bodkin, Henry G.
1916 Bordw^l, Walter
1922 Bowen, William A.
1922 Bowen, William M.
1921 Bowers, Walter L.
1918 Bradner, B. J.
1909 Brennan, Robert
1922 Breslin, George M.
1896 Britt, E. W.
888
AMBEICAN BAR ASSOCIATION.
Los Anrelei (Lob Angeles)
CJont'd
922 Brown, WiUism B.
Browne, Nat B.
921 Bryan, William Jennings,
Jr.
922 Bryson, Prank
922 Bullock, Oeorgria P.
921 Burr, Clyde R.
922 Bush, George W.
912 Camp, Edgar W.
911 Ounpbell, Altes H.
922 Campbell, Mrs^ Kemper
921 Camahan, H. L.
922 Carpenter, Ingle
901 Carpenter, Saml. L.
922 Garr, William J.
922 Carrigan, John W.
921 Carter, Henry B.
922 Carvell. Mae
922 Case, llunaon T.
921 Caaey, Walter T.
916 Oastberg. Blame
921 Gastruccio, Oonstantine
M.
Chamberlin, H. A.
922 Chambera, William
1922 Chandler, Charles L.
918 Chandler, Jeff P.
906 Chandler, Joseph H.
921 Chapman, Ward
922 Chaie, C. W.
922 Chase, Lucius K.
912 Childfl, Frank Hall
916 Clark, Oliver O.
921 Clarke, Robert M.
922 Clotfelter, U. T.
922 Coe, Arthur F.
916 Collier, Frank C.
922 Collins, Victor Ford
Conrey, Nathaniel P.
Cooper, John W.
921 Copp, Andrew J., Jr.
921 Cosgrove, T. B.
922 Craig, Elliott
908 Craig, Oavin W.
911 Craig, William T.
921 Crenshaw, Loren O.
920 Grider, Joe, Jr.
922 Cruickshank, Lewis
922 Crump, Ouy Richards
918 Cnitcher, Albert
919 Culver, Richard J. O.
918 Daniels, Earle M.
922 Darlington, Barton
916 Davis, LeCompte
922 Davis, William H.
922 De Qarmo, Q. O.
922 Degnan, J. E.
OALIFO&inA
Los Anrelei (Los Angeles)
Cont'd
922 Dehm. W. H.
910 ,Denis, George J.
914 DeSantis, Anthony 8.
922 Devin, Joseph F.
912 Dickson, William H.
913 Dillon, Richard J.
909 Dockweiler, Isidore B.
918 Dockweiler, tlios. A. J.
921 Doherty, Frank P.
922 Dryer, George W.
913 Dunn, W. E.
922 Dunnigan, H. L.
919 Duque, Gabriel Carlos
921 Eckman, Arthur W.
922 Edmonds, Douglas L.
918 Edwards, Leroy H.
922 Ellis, Arthur M.
922 Ellis, Kimpton
922 Euler, Louis
921 Evans. William E.
922 Farics, David R.
914 Farrand, George E.
922 Faulconer, Oda
922 Ferguson, Iforris M.
920 Finch, Wilbur D.
916 Finlayson, Frank G.
922 Fletcher, Kimball
913 Flint, Frank P.
920 Flint, William Risley
922 Foltz, Clara Shortridge
918 Ford, W. J.
922 Fredericks, John D.
922 French, Samuel H.
921 Fulton, Robert M.
920 Geibel, Martin E.
918 Oerecht, E. F.
922 Gibson, J. A., Jr.
889 Gibson, James A.
916 Gifford, F. W.
922 Gilbert. W. L
913 Goodrich, Ben
922 Goodspeed, Richard Cecil
922 Goodwin, Heniy P.
921 Goodwin, W. N.
913 Gordon, Hugh T.
922 (3ould, T. C.
922 Grainger, Kyle N.
922 Gray, Ben F.
922 Greenberg, Charles
1922 Greer, George L.
921 Gregg, Paul M.
921 Grigsby, Bruce L.
913 Grua, Edward T.
922 Guernsey, Louis G.
922 Guthrie, Stanley W.
922 Haas, Walter Francis
1922 Hahn, Edwin F.
. Lot
Angoloa (Los Angeles)
Cont'd
1922
Haines, Martin L.
1922
Hall, Frederick M.
1921
Hall. Pierson M.
1916
Halsted, A. S.
1922
Hammon, Percy V.
1922
Hanna, Byron
1922
Hannon, J. Vincent
1918
Hanaon, Joseph E.
1919
Hardy, Carlos 8.
1921
Hardy, Rex
1921
Hart, John W.
' 1921
Haskins, 8. IL
1922
Hswkins, Eugene A.
1904
Hawkins, John J.
1922
Hsslett, WUIiaro
1922
Heney, Francis J.
1922
Herrington, B. A.
1921
Hervey, Wm. Rhodes
1922
Hewitt, Leslie R.
1921
Hiatt, William M.
1922
Himrod, William B.
1913
Hocker, J. W.
1919
Holcorob, Margaret E.
Kempley
1919
Holoomb, William H.
1921
Hollzer, Harry A.
1922
Horton, Rufus L.
1898
Honsaker, WiUism J.
1922
Hunter, Ben S.
1913
Hntton, Frank 8.
1921
Irsfeld, J. B.
1922
Jsckson, Grant
1921
JadEson, Sanrael Spencer
(Chicago, m.)
1921
James, Frank
1922
James, Heniy N.
1918
Jennings, Robert P.
1912
Jensen, Omstsn
1918
Jones, Mattison B.
1919
Jordan, C. Hughes
1922
Joujon-Roche, J. B.
1904
Karchsr, George H.
1918
Karr, Frank
1906
Kelby, James Edwsxd
1922
Kelly, Hugh T.
1922
Kelso, Ivsn
1909
Kemp, John W.
1918
Kenney, Bllzsbeth L.
1921
Kidd, Herbert West
1922
Knoop, Henry L.
1918
Udy, Willism Ellis
1921
Lake, Frederick W.
1922
Larrabee, L. U
1906
Lswler, Oscar
1928
LawBOB, Gordon
1911
Lee, Bradner W.
1918
Lee, Brsdner WeHs, Jr.
OAUrOEVXA
Lot AacelM (Los Aiig«let)
Los
▲nf oloo (Los Angelst)
Oont'd
Gont'd
1918
Lee, Eenjon Fftrrar
1922
Myers, Louis W.
1922
Leedfl» Walter R.
1922
Meblett, Wm. H.
1922
Leitcb, GonsUnce
1928
Melaon, Dario H.
1921
Lewioson, Joseph L.
1928
Newby, liathan
1918
Lloyd, Warren B.
1909
Kewlin, Qumey E.
1928
Lobdell, J. Karl
1921
Noune, Paul
1921
Loeb, Edwin J.
1922
O'Brien, William J.
1913
Loeb, Joseph P.
1918
O'ConneU, Geoffrey a
1906
Loewenthal, Max
1922
0*Ck>nnor, J. Robert
1928
Locwenthal, Paul
1919
O'Melveny, Henry W.
1922
Lovett. William W., Jr.
1920
O'Melveny, Stuart
1928
Lucey, Edmund T.
1922
Overton, Eugene
1921
Lyman, Edward D.
1912
Pace, Trc^y
1922
Lynn, Roy A.
19ifii
Page, Benjamin E.
1928
Lyon, Frederick 8.
1922
Peaae, Robert M.
1922
ICcAdoo. Alfred H.
1913
Peirce, George H.
1918
McAdoo, William 0.
1921
Plumb, P. B.
1920
McCarthy, Neil S.
1906
Porter, Frank M.
1922
IfcDill, George W.
1922
Post, Gharles A.
1918
ICcOarry, M. J.
1922
Potter, Gharles F.
1921
ICcKinley, J. W., Jr.
1922
Prichard, George A.
1982
ICcNitt, RoUin L.
1922
Prince, H. F.
1928
McPherrin, Paul H.
1880
Prussing, Eugene E.
1919
MacDonald, Alexander
1912
Pyle, Emery Clinton
1918
MacDonald, J. Wiseman
1916
Quayle, Alexandres J.
1921
ICacFarland. John G.
1922
Radir-Norton, Vere
1920
Mackay, Henry Square-
1922
Randall, L. B.
brigga, Jr.
1921
Rankin, John W.
1919
MacNeil. Sayie
1022
Reed, Thomas B.
18U
Manierre, George W.
1921
Reppy, Roy V.
1922
ICann, Lelande
1922
Reynolds, Howanl W.
1928
Marshall, Humphrey
1922
Richardson, Robert W.
1928
Martin, George Miner
1918
Riddle, Lee
1982
Martin, Theodore
1922
Ridgway, Thomas G.
1911
Mason, Norman T.
1922
Riggins, Harley E.
1906
Meaerve, Edwin A.
1922
Ritter, Allen Gerald
1922
Meaerve, Shirley E.
1922
Robertson, Howard
1982
MiUar, W. R.
1922
Robinson, Dudley
1922
Miller, Kenton A.
1922
Robinson, Thomas W.
1906
MUlikin, E. E.
1922
RobinHon, William H.
1922
MitoheU, W. Egbert
1918
Robe, Glifford A.
1922
Moerdyke, N. P.
1918
Root, Edwin B.
1912
Monnette, Orra B.
1922
Roseberry, L. H.
1889
Monroe, Chafles
1914
Ross, Erskine M.
1922
Montgomery, Ghas. G.
1919
Roth, Lester Wm.
1922
Moore, Minor
1921
Salisbury, Stuart M.
1922
Morgrage, Wilbert
1922
Sampeell, Paul W.
1922
Morriaon, Fred W.
1921
Schauer, B. Rey
1922
Morrison, Willis L
1921
Schmidt, Ruben S.
1922
Morrow, H. T.
1906
Scott, Joseph
1913
Moas, Leon F.
1921
Seaver. Byron D.
1913
Mott, John G.
1921
Selby, Edward Bi.
1922
Mouitree, Lloyd W.
1922
Shannon, Michael F.
1918
Mowery, George A.
1922
Shaw, An'in B., Jr.
1906
Mueller, Oscar G.
1921
Shelton, W. C.
1921
Murphey, Robert B.
1022
Sbenk, John W.
1988
Musick, E.
1922
Shepherd, Howard P.
Loo AagolOf (Los Angeles)
Gont'd
1921 Shoemaker, Glyde O.
1981 Simons, Seward A.
1922 Skinner, Newton J.
1921 Slosaon, Leonard B.
1921 Stephens, Henry J.
1921 Stephens, Raymond W.
1922 Sterry, Norman S.
1922 Stick, John G.
1921 Stimson, Marafaall
1922 Stone, Duke
1914 Stoneman, George J.
1908 Storrs, H. E.
1916 Stuart, Zebulon B.
1922 Sutton, Ghaa. TLcmas
1928 Tappaan, Glair S.
1922 Thorns, Glifford L.
1921 Thorpe, Spencer
1921 Tbland, Thomas O.
1918 Tribit, Gharles H., Jr.
1899 Trippet, Oscar A.
1919 Tuller, Walter K.
1922 Turner, Richard A.
1022 Valentine, Louia Hulett
1922 Ysllee, Paul
1921 Van Pelt, Walter G.
1921 Variel, R. H. F., Jr.
1922 Verheyen, A. J.
1914 Vigg, Sandor J.
1919 Walker, Irving M.
1922 Walters, R. T,
1921 Ward, Ghandler P.
1922 Ward, Sherley G.
1922 Webb, Arthur G.
1918 Wchrle, E. F.
1922 Weller, Dana R.
1922 Westervelt, James
1922 Weyl, Bertin A.
1914 White, Thomas P.
1915 Will, Arthur P.
1921 Williams, E. 8.
1921 Williams, Eugene D.
1922 Willis, Frank R.
1921 Wilson, Emmet H.
1920 Wilson, Horace Sandes
1922 Wood, John Perry
1918 Woodruff, George H.
1921 Woolwine, Glare
1895 Works, John D.
1918 Wright, Alfred
1921 Wright, Arthur
1922 Wright, Howanl W.
1922 York, Waldo Marvin
1922 Young, E. R.
1921 Young, Lyndol L.
1918 Young, Milton K.
890
AMEBIGAK BAB ASSOOIATIOK.
Ibdera (Maden)
102S Barcroft, David P.
1922 Barcroft, Joseph
1022 Green« Sherwood
1922 Maxim, Harry I.
ICartlnes (Oontra Oosta)
1922 Bray, A. F.
1922 Hoey, James F.
1922 Ormsby, Alfred D.
1922 Rodgers, J. E.
1922 Tinning, W. S.
1922 Wight, Ralph H.
XmzyiYllle (Tuba)
1922 Belcher, Richard
1922 Oarlin, W. H.
1922 ICcDaniel, Eugene P.
1922 Stanwood, Edward B.
Xodesto (Stanislaus)
1922 Boone, Frank G.
1922 Boone, Thomas 0.
1922 Broughton, E. B.
1922 Carlson, Arthur J.
1922 Oittenden, James L.
1922 Cross, Joseph M.
1922 Dennett, Lewis L.
1922 Fulkirth, L. A.
1922 Griffin, P. H.
1922 Hawkins. N. A.
1922 Jennings, J. B.
1922 Maxey, Ray B.
a922 Needbam, J. 0.
1922 Scott, Thomas B.
1922 Zion, Edwin H.
Xont«r67 (Monterey)
1922 Hudson, W. O.
1922 Treat, Fred A.
Hapa (Napa)
1922 Ooombs, Frank L.
1922 Johnston, L. E.
1922 King, Percy J.
1922 Nieto, I. P.
1922 Palmer, J. M.
1922 Riggins, Clarence W.
1922 Webber, Edward L.
1922 York, John T.
Hevada City (Nerada)
1922 Searls, Carroll
OAkland (Alameda)
1921 Abbott, Carl H.
1921 Beardsley, (Tharles A.
1922 Brown, Ererett J.
OALZrOSVZA
Oakland (Alameda) Cont'd
1922 ' Burpee, Walter J.
1922 CSalkins, John, Jr.
1922 Osrey, Philip M. ^
1922 Chamberlain, R. H.. Jr.
1921 Chapman, M. C.
1922 Church, L. 8.
1921 Crosby, Peter J.
1918 Donahue, William H.
1922 Dunn, Jesse J.
1918 Fitzgerald, Robert M.
1922 Hayes, William J.
1922 Hynes, W. H.
1921 McDonald, John J.
1922* Peck, C. M.
1922 Peck, James F.
1922 Probasco, Ramsey
1922 Robinson, Edward C.
1922 Silverstein, Bernard
1922 Taaheira, A. G.
1922 White, Carlos G.
1922 White. Earl D.
1922 Whittle. Albert L.
1922 Wittschen, T. P.
Ontario (San Bernardino)
1915 JoUiffe. Elisha H.
Orange (Orange)
1922 Mellen, John
Oroville (Butte)
1922 Gregory, H, D.
Oznard (Ventura)
1922 Blackstock, (Tharles F.
1922 Downs, Henry C.
1922 Durley, Mark
Palo Alto (SanU Clara)
1918 Carpenter, Clay
1906 Fullerton, William D.
1922 Malcolm. Norman E.
1922 Schneider. Frederick
Paaadena (Los Angeles)
1922 Butler, Maynard B.
1922 Dunham, Frank C.
1916 Gibbs, George A.
1913 Hacker, Nicholas W.
1913 Ong, Walter C.
1922 Rowland, A. Lincoln
1922 Taylor, Edward Everett
1906 Thompson, William H.
1906 Waldo, George E.
1912 Whittlesey, George P.
Pdtaluna (Sonoma)
1922 Burke, Frank J.
1922 Dole, Edward J.
1922 Donohoe, Bmmett L
1922 Howell, Fred 8.
Plttaburg (Contra CraU)
1922 Wolfe, R. N.
PortMTtUe (Tblare)
1922 Knupp, Guy
Bed Bluff (Tehama)
1922 McCoy, A. M.
Bedding (Shasta)
1922 Cut, Frincis
1922 (Thenoweth, Orr M.
1922 Dean, Arthur M.
1922 Kennedy, Laurence J.
1922 Leininger, C. W.
Bedwood Oity (San Mateo)
1922 Bullock, J. Joa^
1922 Machado, John H.
1922 Manafleld, Albert
1922 O'KeeCe, Jamea T.
1922 Ross, Hall O.
1922 Ross, Lee T.
1922 Swart, Franklin
Blchmond (0>ntra OoeU)
1922 Oalfee, T. N.
1922 Carlson, Tliomaa M.
1922 Delap, T. H.
1922 Hannum, Clarence 9.
1982 Jacobs, Hiram B.
1922 Bobenson, WUl &
BlTerelde (Rirerside)
1922 Best, Raymond
1917 Craig, Hugh H.
1922 Davison, Walter G.
1922 Ellia, W. H.
1913 Eatudino, Miguel
1922 Evans, Lyman
1913 Freeman, O. B.
1922 French, George A.
1907 Gandy, Newton 8.
1922 Hamblin, Fred L.
1922 Irving, W. O.
1922 Kell^, Loyal C.
1922 McFartand, C. L.
1922 Moore, R. A.
1922 Saran, (Seorge A.
1917 Thompson, H. L.
1922 Winder, A. Heber
8aonuii«ito (Becmnoito)
192S Brand. Clyde H.
1822 Burnett, ▲. O.
1921 BuBh, George B.
1912 Butler, J. W. S.
1922 Crocker, Charles H.
1922 DerUn, Bobert T.
1922 Derlin, Wm. H.
1922 Elliott, a A.
1922 Farrell, T. A.
1922 French, H. Nelaon
1922 Funke, H. W.
1922 Qaddia, Byron E.
1922 Oib«>n, Irring D.
1922 Haiter, Clinton B.
1922 Harria, Fred J.
1922 Hatfldd, T. L.
1922 Johnaon, Fontaine
1922 Klelnaorge, William E.
1922 McKlaick, R. T.
1918 McUttghlin, Charles B.
1922 March, John C.
1922 Meredith. James D.
1922 Metteer, C. F.
1922 Needham, Inring
1922 Parkinson, Valla E.
1922 mgott, John T.
1922 Shepherd, Wallace
1922 Smith. Albert D.
1922 Smith, Ralph W.
1922 Swlaler. Charles A.
1922 Tide, Frank
1922 Van Dyke, B. F.
1922 West, Percy O.
1922 White, Clinton L.
1922 White, Herbert E.
1922 Work, George A.
Baliaa* (Monterey)
1922 Bardin, J. A.
1922 Rosendale. Charles B.
1922 Scott, Ruasen
Bftn B«nArdiao (San Bemar-
dino)
1922 Bates, Prank T.
1922 Cartia, J. W.
1916 Gridley, Ernest C.
1922 Holcomb. Grant
1922 Richards. Darid W.
1918 Surr, Howard
1922 Swing, Ralph B.
1922 Warner, Boijamin F.
Baa DieffO (San Diego)
1922 Bell, Dwight D.
1922 Bennett, Vernon F.
1922 Bfauiard. Morrb
911
1920
922
922
921
922
921
.922
918
922
922
922
919
918
919
922
.922
919
922
919
922
922
922
918
919
918
922
922
922
922
922
922
922
922
922
922
922
922
922
912
,922
1912
922
0ALI70BHIA
Diego (San Diego) Cont'd
Bischoff, H. J.
Bowlby. John H.
Bowman, Abram B.
Breckenridge, James J.
Burr, Leslie L.
Barry, George
CJary, W. P.
Casebeer. Arthnr J.
0)nnell, Stephen
Crouch, Charles C.
Daney. Eugene
Davis, W. Jefferson
Evana, William H.
Francis, Wirt
Oazlay, Frank A.
Gray, Gordon
Haines, A.
Hamilton, Robert R.
Harden, Clarence
Harris, Ray M.
Heskett. Frank H.
Hillyer, Oirtis
Hubbell, E. E.
Jenney, Ralph E.
Johnson. C!ar1 Alex.
Johnson, E. L.
Kirby, Lewis R.
Lsnnon, Edward T.
Libby, Warren E.
Undley, Fred E.
Luce. Edgar A.
McCorkle. John H.
McKee. Dempster
Maoomber, Frank J.
Martin, Nicholas J.
Mirow. Wm. G.
Morrison, Wm. L.
MosBholder. W. J.
Munkelt, Glen H.
O'Keefe, James E.
Pfanstiel, James G.
Puterbaugh, Johnson W.
Richardson, F. L.
Rogers. Allen E.
Sample, E. P.
Sloane. Harrison G.
Siriith, Laurence H.
Spr^ra. Patterson
Springer, Rolland C.
Steams, Frederic W.
Stone, George H.
Sweet, A. H.
lliompson, Adam
Titus, Horton L.
Torrance, E. Swift
TkeadweU, AlUene Wet-
more
Baa Diego (San Diego) Cont'd
1922 Tucker, J. Z.
1922 Vanwinkle, C. H.
1922 Wadham, James B.
1922 Walters, Byroa J.
1922 Ward, J. M.
1912 Ward, M. L.
1922 Webber, Lane D.
1922 Weinberger. Jacob
1922 Winnek, E. V.
1922 Wright, Leroy A.
Baa Fraaolaco (San Fraa*
Cisco)
913 Abbott, Wm. M.
922 Ach, Henry
921 Ackerman, Uoyd 8.
921 Adama, Anette Abbott
921 Adams, (Carles Albert
922 Agnew. Albert C.
921 Aitken, Frank W.
922 Alexander, Jewel
921 Allan. Thomaa A.
922 Allan, R. E.
922 Altman, John O.
922 Ames, Aldem
921 Andrews, W. S.
922 Angellotti, Ftaak M.
922 Appel, GSyril
922 Armstrong, R. M. J.
922 Arnold, G. S.
918 Atheam. Fred. G.
920 Atwood, CHarence G.
922 Austin, Frank B.
917 Baldwin, A. R.
921 Barber. Gscar T.
921 Barendt, Arthur H.
922 Barrows, R. K.
922 Barrows, W. H.
922 Barry, J. E.
921 Bartlett, Louis
922 Bayless, W. S.
922 Beckett, C. Tucker
922 Becsey, Roland
913 Beedy, Louis S.
922 Bell, Golden W.
921 Benjamin. Raymond
1922 Bennett, Eugene D.
921 Bergerot, P. A.
921 Berry, Fred L.
922 Bien, Joseph E.
922 Billings, William B.
918 Black, Alfred P.
922 Blakeman. T. Z.
922 Blanckenburg, G. B.
921 Bluxome. Joseph F.
922 Boland, F. Eldred
1922 Bohon, Arthnr W.
892
AMERICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
1922
1922
1918
1922
1918
1922
1921
1918
1918
1922
1922
1922
1918
1918
1922
1921
1921
1922
1922
1922
1922
1922
1922
1922
1922
1922
1921
1922
1922
1921
1918
1921
1922
1922
1922
1922
1921
1922
1922
1922
1922
1921
1922
1922
1922
1921
1921
1922
1922
1921
1921
1921
1921
1898
1922
19X1
JB18
Fnuieltoo (San Fna-
clfloo) Cont'd
Booth, Henley Clifton
Borland, Robert H.
Botlej, Wm. BnuUord
Boyken, A. .W.
Boynton, Albert E.
Boynton, Charles C.
Bradley, Christopher If.
Brandenstein, H. U.
Brann, Walter 8.
Breen, Peter A.
BreeKe, Thomas H.
Bridgford, Eugene A.
Brittain, Prank S.
Brobeck, W. I.
Bronson, Roy A.
Brookman, Douglas
Brouillet, A. W.
Brown, I. I.
Brown, Joseph A.
Bnin, Samuel Jacques
Brane, Bmest L.
Buckley, Christopher W.
Burke, Andrew F.
Burks, Leslie E.
Burnett, W. S.
Bush, Samuel T.
Byington, Lewis F.
Byrnes, Charles W.
Cabaniss, George H.
Osmpbell, Donald Yorke
Cannon, William If.
Carr, Sterling
Carter, Royle A.
Cashman, W. E.
Oastelhun, F. J.
Caulfleld, 0. Harold
Cerf, Marcel E.
Chadboume, H. F.
Chamberlin, Herbert
Chandler, A. E.
Chapman. Edgar G.
Chickering, Allen L.
Childs, E.
Cluff. Alfred T.
Coffey, Edward I.
Coffey, Jeremiah V.
Cnirhlan, John P.
Colby. William E.
Coleman, Byron
Colston, James E.
Oonlin, Eugene F.
Connolly, Geo.-ge A.
Cooley, A. E.
Corbet, Burke
Cormac, T. E. K.
Cornish, Frank V.
Goontryman, Robert H.
OALXPOEHIA
Bftii FranoUoo (San Fran-
cisco) Cont'd
1921 Crabbe, John Hammond
1922 Crane, Arthur Batburst
1913 Creed, W. E,
1922 Oritcber, Alan H.
1921 Crittenden, William a
1921 Cross, R. H.
1922 OrotbeHk George Edward
1922 Orotherik R* A.
1922 Crothers, Thomas G.
1921 Crowley, Louis V.
1921 Cullinan, Eustace
1922 Conha, Edward A.
1918 Gushing, O. S.
1918 Gushing, O. K.
1917 Cutten, C. P.
1918 Dall, Cornelius G.
1922 Davis, John F.
1922 Deahl, John L.
1922 De Bettencourt, Jose h,
1918 Deering, Frank P.
1921 Deering, James H.
1921 DeForest, J. G.
1922 DeLigne, A. A.
1912 Denman, William
1914 Denning, J. Henry
1921 Derby, S. Hasket
1922 Demham, Monte A.
1914 DeRoy. Irvtn E.
1921 Dcssouslary, A. P.
1922 Devlin, Frank R.
1922 Devoto, Anthony
1921 Dibble, Oliver
1922 Dibblee, Albert J.
1913 Dinkelspiel, Henry G. W.
1921 Dooling, Maurice T., Jr.
1921 Dom, Winfield
1922 Dorr, Frederick W.
1921 Dorsey, J. W.
1922 Douglas, J. Frankli''
1922 Dow, W. A.
1922 Dowd, Mervyn R.
1922 Downing, William S.
1922 Dosier, Thomas B., Jr.
1922 Dreher, Fred L.
1922 Drew, Frank C.
1922 Drobisch, Walter •£.
1922 Drum, John S.
1922 Duane, Walter H.
1922 Dunlap, Boutwell
1922 Dunne, Frank H.
1921 Dunne, J. J.
1906 Dunne, Peter F.
1921 Durbrow, C. W.
1922 Du Val, Ralph William
1922 Dwyer, J. J.
1913 Eells, Charles P.
1916 Ehrman, S. M.
San Vkaaoigoo (San Fraa-
citoo) Cont'd
1910 Eickhoff, Henry
1921 Elkins, Luther
918 Elliot, Albert H.
922 Ellsworth, Oliver
922 Epsteen, Elbert M.
920 Erskine, Herbert W.
922 Erskinct Morse
921 Evans, Perry
922 Fallon, Joseph P,
921 Farmer, Miltoo T.
922 Filippini, John V.
922 Finch, Fabius T.
922 Foerster, Roland O.
908 Folaom, Myron A.
918 Ford, Tir?y L.
922 Foulda, E. J.
922 Foortner, August L.
922 Fratessa, Paul P.
921 Frits, AUred J.
918 Frohman, laaac
922 Frost, C. A. S.
921 Gaylord, Robert B.
922 Gendotti, Joseph A.
922 Gerstle, Mark L.
922 Gherini, Ambrose
922 Gillett, J. N.
922 Goldberg, John J.
922 Goodell, O. J.
918 Goodfellow, Hugh
922 Goodman, Louis E.
918 Goodrich, Chsune«y 8.
922 Gordon, Hugh
918 Gorrill. William H.
922 Graham, William &
922 Grant. William
921 Gray, Charles A.
922 Greene, A. Crawford
922 Gregory, T. T. O.
912 Gregory, Warren
922 Griffiths, Famham P.
922 Haber, Joseph, Jr.
922 Hackett, O. Ndani
922 Hadsell, D.
916 Hale, Theodore
922 Hall, Chaffee E.
922 Hall. Frank
922 Hall, Frederick W.
922 Hamm, L. S.
922 Hanley, James M.
922 Hanlon, Charles F.
922 Harding, R. T.
918 Harriaon, Edward O.
920 Harriaon, Maurice &
916 Harrison, Richaid C
922 Haswell. Charles W.
021 Hsvcn, Harold R.
018 Haven, Thongs R.
STATE LIST OF MBHBBB8 BY CITIES AND TOWNS.
893
OALIFOBinA
1
fka
Fnnoltco (San Prto-
dsoo) Cont'd
Ban
Fnnolioo (San Fran-
cisco) Cont'd
Bftii
1012
Hayes, B. L.
1922
Uwlor, William P.
1896
1922
Healy, Timothy
1922
Leicester, J. F.
1922
I9ie
Heller, E. S.
1922
Lennon, Thomas J.
1922
1918
Hen|(BtIer, Louis T.
1921
Levy, David L.
1918
1922
Hemhall, R. P.
1921
Levy, Lawrence L.
1921
1918
Herrin, William F.
1922
Lewis, John M.
1922
1922
Herrington, Oeorge
1922
Lewis, R. F.
1922
1922
HeflB, William T.
1922
Liechti, Arnold W.
1921
1
1922
Hettman, Walter E.
1918
Lillick, Ira S.
1922
1922
Hejrwood, John Guthrie
1922
Linforth. Walter H.
1913
1922
Himmel, James A.
1922
Lingenfelter, C. H.
1915
191S
Hinckleyp Prank E.
1919
Linney, HartweU H.
1922
1922
Hobbs. H. W.
1922
Lipman, George M.
1922
1920
Hodfhead, Beverly L.
1922
Loeb. Albert I.
1918
1922
Hoefler, L. M.
1922
Loewy, Walter
1921
1922
Hoge, J. Hampton
1922
Loftus, William A.
1922
1922
Hohfeld, Edward
1918
Long, Percy V.
1918
1922
Houghton, Edward T.
1918
Lovell, Charles H.
1922
k
1916
How, Jared
1914
Lom, Burt F.
1921
1922
Hubbard, T. W.
1918
Lyders, E.
1922
1920
Hubbard, William P.
1922
Lynch, Thomas B.
1922
1922
Hughes, 0. T.
1922
Lyons, J. E.
1918
^
1922
Humphrey, C. F.
1922
McAuliffe, Florence M.
1914
I
ft
1921
Humphrey, William F.
1922
McCaughey, J. W.
1922
i
1921
Humphrey*, Wm. Penn
1922
McClanahan, Edmund B.
1922
1914
Hunt, William H.
1922
McClorke, Reed
1922
K
1922
Hutchinson, J. S.
1922
McCulloch, Alexander
1918
1922
Hutchinson, Joseph K.
1918
McCutchen, Edward J.
1918
t
••
1922
Jacks, Lile T.
1922
McDougal, Frank J.
1922
1922
Jackson, B. M.
1918
McEnemey, Garret W.
1921
^
1921
Jacobs, Henry A.
1922
McGee, William 0.
1921
lil
1922
James, Leander L., Jr.
1922
Mc(}owan, (Seorge A,
1922
■sfi
1922
Joel, Arthur
1922
Mclnemey, Joseph
1921
1921
Johnson, Archibald M.
1921
Mcintosh, Miles W.
1922
0^
1921
Johnson, Hiram W., Jr.
1913
McKannay, Harry O.
1922
i»5
- 1922
Jones, Madison Ralph
1922
MoKeon, Joseph B.
1921
C
1922
Jordan, Thomas C.
1922
McKenzie, Harry A.
1922
fi.
1922
Judkins, T. C.
1918
McKevitt, Hugh K.
1922
^f.
i 1922
Kaufman, delen
1897
McKinney, William M.
1922
tC
1922
Reane, Augustine C.
1918
McKlnstry, J. C.
1913
it*
1918
Keesling, Francis V.
1921
McNab. Gavin
1922
,•#
3' 1921
Kehoe, William
1922
McNab, John L.
1916
t 1928
Kelly» James Raleigh
1922
McNulty, Frederick W.
1922
t r
»f 1920
Keyes, Alexander D.
1922
McNutt, Maxwell
1922
itn
Kidd, A. M.
1922
McPike. H. H.
19221
-.^-^
1922
Kimball, Rufus Hatch
1922
Mc Williams, Robert L.
1921
1922
Kirk, Joseph
1922
Maddux, Parker S.
1918
Iff'
1921
Knight, E. 0.
1918
Madison, F. D.
1922
vi 1918
Knight, Samuel
1921
Magee, E. DeLos
1922
-iff-
1922
Kollmyer, Wro. Blythe
1921
Mann, Seth
1922
.1 in8
Kuhl, Max J.
1922
Manning, J. E.
1921
-^
;.: 1922
Lamont, Donald Y.
1922
Mannon, J. M., Jr.
1922
l>'
^ 1918
Lamson, J. S.
1918
Mansfield, Walter D.
1922
Langdon, W. H.
1921
Manson, Philip L
1922
5,1
1921
Langbome, James P.
1922
Marks, Milton
1921
.*
" ■
>/ 1822
.J MB
Lansburg, S. Lax
1922
Marrin, Paul &
1922
^^•
Lftugfalin. Oafl
1922
MiUBhall, John William
1916
^'■
Vnnoiioo (San Fran-
cisco) 0>nt*d
May, Henry F.
Mayer, Joseph H.
Mazuran, Marion J.
Metson, W. H.
Meyerstein, Joseph 0.
Michael, Harry E.
Michelson, Albert
Miller, H. B. M.
Miller, J. Paul
Miller, John H.
Milverton, Frederick W.
Megan, Richard F.
Molkenhuhr, S. W.
Monroe. Henry E.
Monteagle, Paige
Moore, Courtney L.
Moore, Stanley
Moran, Edward F.
Moran, Nathan
Morris, Charles B.
Morris, J. H.
Morris, Leon E.
Morrow, William W.
Mott, Ernest J.
Moulthrop, J. R.
Murasky, Prank J.
Nathan, Milton A.
Newhouae, Hugo D.
Newman, Harold L.
Newmark, Milton
Neylan, John Francis .
Noble, Robert H.
Nutting, Franklin P.
Oatman, C. H.
O'Brien. J. M.
OddJe, ClarenVe M.
O'Donnell, Joseph E.
Oliver, Boyd
Oliver, James M.
Olney, Warren, Jr.
Ombaun, Casper A.
Orrick, William H.
Otis, Edwin M.
O'Toole, John T.
Parker, Byron 0.
Partridge, John S.
Patton, Charles L.
PawUcki, T. E.
Peart, Hartley F.
Peery, Cffiarles S.
Peixotto, Edgar D.
Perkins, Thoma:;: Allen
Peterson, Fred. C.
Phillips, Esther B.
Phleger, Herman H.
Picard, Albert
PilUbury, H. D.
894
AUEBICAK BAB ASSOCIATION.
Bui
Fnuiolioo (San Fran-
cisco) Cont'd
tan
1022
PilLsbury, Warren H.
1921
1922
Politier, Jerome
1922
1922
Porter, Robert C.
1922
1922
Postel, Waldo F.
1922
1918
Powell, Howell A.
1918
1922
Powell, W. K.
1921
1922
Pratt, Elinor D.
1922
1922
Pratt, Onrille C, Jr.
1922
1921
Preston, John W.
1922
1922
Pringle, B. J.
1922
1922
Ra^land, R. E.
1922
1922
Raymond, Albert
1918
1889
Redding, Josepn D.
1918
1921
RediniTton, Arthur H.
1922
1918
Redman, Lander A.
1920
1922
ResLeure, J. F.
1922
1922
Reyman, Harold 0.
1922
1922
Richards, D. B.
1922
1922
Richards, John E.
1922
1921
Richter, Erwin E.
1922
1922
Riley, Stanislaus A.
1922
1913
Rixford, E. H.
1921
1921
Rixford, Halsey L.
1922
1922
Robbins, Lloyd IL
1913
1922
Robbins, Milo R.
1922
1922
Robertson, Oeorge M.
1922
1922
Robinson, Elmer E.
1922
1921
Roche, Theo. J.
1922
1922
Roehl, A. B.
1922
1922
Rose, Willism F.
1918
1921
Rosenshlne, Albert A.
1916
1922
Rothchild, Herbert L.
1922
1913
Rothchild, Walter
1922
1922
Ryan, Daniel A.
1922
1922
Samter, Samuel M.
1921
1922
Samuels, Jacob
1918
1922
Samuels, Marcus L.
1921
1922
Sanborn, H. H.
1916
1922
Sanderson, A. A.
1918
1921
Sapiro, Milton D.
1921
1921
Sargent, Oeorge Ciark
1922
1916
Sawyer, Harold M.
1922
1922
Schapiro, Esmond
1922
1922
Schleeinger, Amanda
1922
1922
Schlesinger, Bert \
1918
1921
Schmulowitz, Nat.
1922
1922
Schunck, Dorothea
1922
1922
Scott, James Walter
1921
.1922
Searls, Robert M.
1914
1922
Selby, John R.
1922
1922
Shapiro, L. H.
1922
1918
Sharpsteen, W. 0.
1922
1913
Shaw, A. E.
1922
1922
Shaw, Lucien
1922
1922
Shelton, Walter
1921
1922
Sherman, Roger
1916
1922
Short, John Douglas
1921
OALZFO&VIA
Fnuioiioo (San Fran-
cisco) (Tont'd
Shoup, Guy V.
Shuey, Clarence A«
Shuman, Blair S.
Shuman, J. F.
Shurtleff, Clharles A.
Silva, Frank M.
Simmons, W. M,
Sinclair, John A.
Singer, William Menzies
Sinton, Edgar
Skaife, Alfred C.
Slack, Charles W.
Slack, Walter
Sloane, W. A.
Sloss, M. C.
Smith, DeLancey C.
Smith, Grant H.
Smith, WUbur R.
Smith, WiUard P.
Smith. William H.. Jr.
Soto, R. M. F«
Spaulding, W. H.
Spence, Homer R.
Steinhart, Jesse H.
Stevens, Martin
Stevens, Samuel S.
Stevick, Guy LeRoy
Stidger, O. P.
Stone, Byron F., Jr.
Stoney, OaiUard
Straub, Thomas J.
Stringham, Frank D.
Strong, Charles A.
Sturtevant, Geo. Abram
Sullivan, Harry F.
Sullivan, Jeremiah P.
Sullivan, Matt. I.
Susman, Leo H.
Sutro, Oscar
Sweet, Joe O.
Talbott, Edward J.
Thacher, Thomas A.
Tharp, Lawrence H.
Theisen, S. Joseph
Thelen, Max
Thomas, F. F., Jr.
Thomas, James M.
Thomas, William
Thome, Paul C.
Tbunen, Frank
Titus, Louis
Todd, (Tlarence E.
Torchiana, H. A. Van O.
Torregano, Ernest J.
Towne, Percy E.
Townsend, Charles E.
I^amutolo, Chaunoejr
tan FnuioiMO (Sbb
dsoo) Cont'd
1921 IVeadweil, Edward F.
1921 Tkeat, Archibald J.
1922 Tremont, Edwin J.
1920 Tirowbridge, Delger
1922 lyier, Harriet P.
1922 Tyla, John F.
1922 Tyler, Russel P.
1922 U'Ren, Milton T.
1916 Van Duyn, O. M.
1921 Van Fleet, Alan O.
1916 Van Fleet, Carey
1914 Van Fleet, William C.
1921 Van Ness, T. C, Jr.
1921 Van Wyek, Sidney M.,
Jr.
1922 Vaughn, OrriUe R.
1922 Wakeman, E. H.
1922 Walker, Foshay
1921 Wallace, Bradley L.
1922 Waste, Wm. H.
1922 Watson, W. W.
1922 Watt, Rolla Biabop
1922 Webb, Joseph J.
1918 Webb, D. S.
1922 Webb, Walton a
1921 Webster, Bradfoid
1922 Wehe, Frank R.
1928 Weil, A. L.
1922 Weinberger, Hennan
1922 West, T. C.
1921 Westerfeld, Carl
1922 Westlake, Elmer
1922 Westover, Myron
1922 Whalen, James D.
1921 Wheeler, Charles 8.. Jr.
1918 Wheeler, Charles Stetaon
1922 White, Charles W.
1922 White, J. E.
1922 White, lliomaa R.
1918 White, WillUm K.
1921 Whiting, Randolph V.
1922 Whitson, Robert
1915 Wiel, Samuel 0.
1922 Wilbur, Curtis D.
1922 Willard, Charle. W.
1922 WillianM, Evan
1922 Williama, John T.
1922 Vmaon, Edgar M.
1922 Wilson, John Ralph
1918 Wilson, Mountford &
1922 Wolff, Harry K.
1922 Woten, John W.
1918 Wright, Allen O.
1917 Wright, Austin Tappaa
1921 Wright, Oeotgc ThosuM
1916 Wright, Hairy M.
1921 Zook. Bdgar T.
STATE LIST OP HBMBSBS BY CITIB8 ^AND TOWNS.
895
Bftii JOM (Santa Clara)
1918 Beasly, W. A.
1922 Blaodiard, Hiram A.
192S Boalt, Gilbert D.
1928 Bohnett, L. D.
1922 Bowden, Nicholaa
1982 Brown, F. B.
1922 Oaaain, Charles II.
1988 Darteel, J. Hart
1988 Daviaon, C. W.
1928 Fitagerald, John P.
1988 Fly, H. Ray
1988 Hambly. F. J.
1988 Jones, Herbert C.
1922 McCoroish, Ralph C.
1982 0*Neil, Robert K.
1922 Petree, Louis E.
1982 Rankin, Maurice J.
1988 Sex, James P.
1988 Speciale, O. H.
1988 Tuttle, Hiram D.
1988 Welsh, J. R
1922 Wilcox, Edwin A.
1982 Witten. C. L.
1988 Wretman, N. E.
Wright, B. M.
Bftii ICateo (San Uateo)
1988 (}ordon, Jos. B.
1988 Kirkbride. CSiaa N.
Bftii Pedro (Los Angeles)
1919 Smith, Clyde W.
Ban B&fael (Marin)
1988 Ifartinelli, Jordan L.
Bftnta Ana (Orange)
1908 Thomas, Wm. H.
Baata Barbara (Santa Bar^
bara)
1914 Blias, WiUiam H.
1SI88 OanHeld, Robert B.
1988 Curran, John M.
1911 OiU, Heniy Sterling
1988 Oould, O. H.
1988 Grifflth, Wm. G.
1988 Heaney, John William
1982 Mygatt, W. R.
1922 Price, Frar.da
1918 Rickard, James Bickle
19SS Schauer, Fred H.
1988 Squier, Eugene W.
1906 Whittemore, James
Saata Xoaioa (Los Aagelea)
19tl Ooflhi, Cheater L.
19a Fbgd, Moc M.
29
OAUrOBVIA
Santa Clara (Santa (Tiara)
1982 Tbompaon, Charles A.
Santa Cmi (Santa Cms)
1922 Jeter, William T.
1988 Smith, Ralph H.
Santa ICarla (Santa Barbara)
1922 Gtoble, Fred J.
1928 Preisker, C. L.
1928 Shaeffer, Fred A.
Santa Paula (Ventura)
1982 Blanchard, Arthur H.
Santa Rota (Sonoma)
1928 Anderson, Clarendon W.
1928 Barrett, R. M.
1988 Casey, Hiram E.
1928 (}eary, W. Finlaw
1928 Lambert, L. R.
1988 Leppo, J. R.
1988 Murphy, (Seorge W.
1982 Quackenbush, Russell M.
1988 Seawell, fimmett
1988 Thompson, R. L.
Salma (Fresno)
1988 Smith. Joel H.
Sonoma (Sonoma)
1988 Cowgill, O. C.
South Paaadona (Los
Angeles)
1889 Lackner, Francis
South Ban Fkaaolsoo
(San Mateo)
1922 Coleberd, J. W.
Stanford Unlvonity (Santa
Clara)
1916 Bingham, Joe. Walter
1917 Cathcart, Arthur Martin
1908 Whittier, (Tlarke B.
Stockton (San Joaquin)
1922 Allen, G. C.
1915 Ashley, Arthur Henry
1982 Bainbridge, B. M.
1922 Berry, Ben
1922 Brown, Nat. A.
1928 Buck, George P.
1922 Coale, H. W.
1922 Crooln, John R.
1922 Vttitu, Uw. T.
1982 Frioax, George B.
Stockton (San Joaquin)
Cont'd
1922 Gill. C. M,
1982 Qumpert, Bmil
1922 Johnson, J. LeRoy
1922 Levinsky, Arthur L.
1928 McNoble, George F.
1922 Marceau, Daniel V.
1922 Pardoe, Reuben C.
1922 Parkinson, Oscar C.
1922 Pluromer, J. A.
1922 Rendon, Cecil Paul
1922 Rutherford, Newton
1922 Smallpage, Lafayette J.
1922 Snyder, J. P..
1922 Stemler, J. O.
1988 Stewart, Gordon A.
1922 Van Vranken, Edward
1922 Von Detten, Otto
1922 Wallace, Gerald Beatty
SnaanyiUe (Lassen)
1922 Pardee, James A.
1922 Pardee, Julien E.
Traoy (San Joaquin)
1922 Oittenden, Bradford C.
1922 Hench, George M.
Turlock (Stanislaus)
1980 Hemple, Gustaf A.
Vkiah (Mendocino)
1982 Eversole, Keith C.
1922 Gibson, Lilbum
1922 Held, W. D. L.
1928 iTeraen, M. H.
1922 Kaach, Charles
1922 McCowen, Hale, Jr.
1922 Mannon, Chas. M.
1928 Preston, H. L.
1922 Thomas, J. R.
1922 VanDyke. Will
1922 Weasels, Arthur L.
yaoaviUe (Solano)
1922 Reynolds, Tbomaa E.
Yallejo (Solano)
1922 Colthurst. J. A.
1922 Foster, W. W.
1922 Gee, Harry A.
1928 Greenwood, Harlow Y.
1988 GrifBn, Roscoe W.
1922 Horan, Thomas J.
1922 Manning, H. E.
1922 O'Hara, Ruasell f;
896
AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION.
OALIFORHIA— CAVADA— CAHAL 201IS— OHXJf A— OOLO&ADO
Tan Vvyi (Ixm Angela)
1918 Johnson, Charles A.
yentura (Ventiin)
1022 Bowker, Don G.
1922 Clark, Wayne L.
1922 Drapeau, L. O.
1922 Gardner, E. S.
1922 Knox, Clay O.
1922 Orr, H. F.
1922 Rogers, Merle 3.
Vittlia (Tulare)
1922 McFadaean, Daniel
1922 Middlecoff, Walter W.
1922 Power, Maurice E.
1914 Wallace, W. B.
Wationvllle (SanU Cms)
1922 Hall. James A.
1922 Maher, D. F.
1921 Wyckoff, Hubert C.
Whlttler (Los Angeles)
1922 Owens, Madison T.
1922 Smith, Frederick W.
WilUta (Mendocino)
1922 Taft, Frank
Woodland (Yolo)
1922 Bailey, A. G.
Treka (Siskiyou)
1918 Tftpscott, Jas. R.
CANADA
Nova Scotia
Clomensport (Annapolis)
1909 Chase, Warren D.
CANAL ZONE
AncoB
1921 Hindman, Albert C.
1917 Porter, Felix E.
Ohrittobal
1920 Fftinnan, Chaoncey P.
CHINA
Kankow
1916 Frost, Ralph Aldom
Bhaoghai
1916 Baswtt, Arthur
1920 Bryan, Robert T., Jr.
Bhaaghai Cont'd
1917 Davies, James B.
1916 Fessenden, Stirling
1916 Fleming, William S.
1920 Franklin, Cornell 8.
1916 Holcomb, Chauncey P.
1920 Unebarger, Paul Mjrron
1907 Lobingier, Charles 8.
1920 Lurton, Nelson E.
1916 Rodger, H. D.
1916 Rose, Earl B.
Tioatila
1918 liucker, Harry A.
COLORADO
Akron (Washington)
1916 Peltoo, Isaac
Alamosa (Alamosa)
1918 Adams, John T.
1913 Moses, Albert L.
Antonito (Conejos)
1922 (3arr, Ralph L.
Bovldor (Boulder)
1918 Andrew, Henry O.
1922 Arthur, William R.
1904 Fleming, John D.
1922 Folsom, Frederick G.
1911 (Joss, Melvin C.
1906 Hadlej, Herbert 8.
1918 Kimbrough, D. M.
1918 McHarg, T. A.
1913 Moorhead, Frank L.
1922 Smith, Bryant
Brighton (Adams)
1922 Behm, Harry
1920 Hood, W. C, Jr.
1922 Hunter, F. F.
Bmsh (Morgan)
1917 Anderson, Leonard B.
Canon City (Fremont)
1914 Jeffrey, A. L.
1916 Stinemeyer, Edwin H.
Oaitlo Roek (Douglas)
1912 Dillon, William
Coloradp Bpriagt (El Paso)
1916 Bennett, John L.
1917 Bums, Martin M.
1918 Chinn, William J.
1017 Oontorth, Arthur
Colorado Springs (El Paso)
Cont'd
1920 Omrtis, Leonard E.
1912 Froet, Hildreth
1906 Hamlin, C. C.
1916 Harris, Ira
1915 Hongerford, Victor W.
1918 Irwin, Geo. M.
1916 Kinsley, Samuel H.
1915 Little, John E.
1896 tnnt, Horace O.
1920 Preston, Eugene D.
1916 Ritter, J. Alfred, Jr.
1920 Rothrock, James H.
1921 Sanford, James F.
1916 Sheafor, John W.
1916 Sberwin, Frederic L.
1916 Sporgeon, William H.
1916 Stnchan, Willis L.
1918 Strickler, Darid P.
1916 Tanner, Thomas C.
Oortos (Montesuma)
1920 Cofleld, W. H.
Oraig (Moffat)
1922 Pughe, George A.
Orlpploereek (Teller)
1916 Alter, Wilbur M.
1916 Upton, Eraost B.
D€»l Norte (Rio Grande)
1916 Wil^, JesR a
Delta (DelU)
1916 Pairlunb, Millard
Denver (Denver)
1901 AUen, Geofg« W.
1901 Babb, Henry B.
1916 Bancroft, Ftank N.
1918 Bannister, L. Ward
1915 Bamett, John T.
1980 Bany, Hamlet J.
1922 Bartds, Arthnr C
1804 Bartela, Gustare a
1907 BeU, Joseph C.
1894 Blood, James H.
1916 Blood, Walter W.
1916 Blount, G. Dextfer
1919 BoBworth, Robt.
1922 Bray, Ross
1907 Brock, Chas. tL
1920 Brock, Elmer L.
1907 Brown, James R.
1919 Burke, Hsslett P.
1916 Butler, Giisrlcs GL
922
918
19Q1
901
920
919
9S2
D«BTer (Denver) Oont'd
1907 Oampbell, John
1980 Garter, Mabelle Alice
1920 Champion, Lee
1916. Clark, Elroy N.
te Clark, Henry H.
91S Clark, John D.
980 Clark, W. E.
Collier, Robert
Connor, Patrick D.
Craig, Albert O.
DftTia, Harry A.
Davis, Harry C.
Dawson, Clyde C.
Denious, Wilbur P.
Dennison, John H.
Dick, Lewia A.
Dines, Tyson &
DUon, N. Walter
Dixon, Thomas J.
Dorsey, Clayton C.
Doud, A. L.
Downer, Prank M., Jr.
Dubbs, Henry A.
Eaton, William R.
Ellis, Daniel B.
Ellis, Brl H.
Epperson, Clyde O.
Swing, John A.
Perguibn, William H.
Pillins, Richard 8.
Pol«y, William E.
Powler, Addison J.
fViedman, Arthur P.
Pry, John H.
Puller, Pierpont
Oabbert, Wm. H.
Gabriel, John H.
Oarrigue8» James E.
Garwood, Omar E.
Qeijsbeek, John B.
Gillette, Andrew W.
Oottdy, Prank B.
Goudy, Prank C.
Gove, Prank E.
Grant, James B.
Grant, William W., Jr.
Gregg, Prank B.
Gnnder, Joshua
Gunter, Julius C.
Haines, Chas. H.
Harrison, William B.
Hart, Richard Huson
Hartaell, Ralph
Hawkins, Horace N.
H«yt, Charles D.
Hendershot, C. Ii.
HerringtoD, Osas E.
920
.920
906
[922
014
1906
1916
906
919
1916
901
916
919
922
ims
917
913
912
1901
919
oao
916
915
920
012
901
920
OlS
.001
lOOl
912
001
016
922
.018
1002
1020
1804
OOLOBADO
D«BTer (Denver) Cont'd
1906 Herrlngton, Fred
1901 Hersey, Henry J.
1920 Hicks, H. A.
1982 HUliard, Bo^amin C.
1901 Hodges, George L.
1006 Hodges, William V.
1912 Bolme, Peter H.
1922 Hombeiii, Philip
1922 Howse, Isham R.
1916 Hughes, Gerald
1920 Humphreys, Harrie M.
1918 Button, William E.
1916 Johnson, Lewis B.
1920 Kavanagh, WillUm P.
1022 Kelley, James W.
1922 Kemp, Prank A., Jr.
1901 KiUian, James R.
1922 LakusU, Nicholas
1919 Lsrwill, Langdon H.
1918 Lathrop, Mary Florence
1916 Lee, Archibald A.
1922 Lemmon, George J.
1916 Lewis, Lawrence
1920 Lewia, Mason A.
1901 Lindsley, Hemy A.
1018 Luta, Henry E.
1901 McAllister, Henry, Jr.
1922 McCutcfaen, C. M.
1907 McDonough, Prank, Sr.
1912 McLean, Hugh
1921 McMullin, Bentley M.
1016 McWhinney, Leroy
1901 Manly, George C.
1010 Martin, Caldwell
1912 Melville, Irving B.
1922 Melville, Max D.
1922 Milllkin, Eugene D.
1918 Morris, Ernest
1907 Northcutt, Jesse G.
1920 Nyce, Peter Q.
1022 Nye, George L.
1920 O'Donnell, Canton
1896 O'Donnell, Thomss J.
1920 Owen, James
1022 Owens, Everett
1018 Park, Edwin H.
1021 Perkins, MerriU H.
1017 Perry, John A.
1018 Pershing, James H.
1017 PonaCord, Arthur
1022 ProBser, Paul R.
1021 Quiat, Ira L.
1906 Reddin, John H.
1920 Redmond, Charles H.
1907 Reed, Albert A.
1922 Rhoads, Ernest L.
1916 Riddle, Hany Carson
D«]iTer (Denver) Cont'd
1922 Ritter, Halstead L.
1920 Robertson, Howard 9.
1922 Robertson, Samuel R.
1022 Robinson, J. B.
1919 Robinson, Percy
1919 Rogers, Edmund
1806 Rogers, Henry T.
1016 Rogers, James Grafton
1890 Rogers, Piatt
1920 Ross, Frsnk L.
1020 Rothgerber, Ira 0.
1921 Ryan, Richard F.
1921 Sabin, Edward M.
1922 Sackmann, Charles C.
1922 Sales, Harry N.
1918 Sampson, Joseph Crom-
well
1912 Schults, John H.
1916 Schuyler, Karl C.
1916 Schuyler, Walter P.
1916 Scott, TuUy
1921 Seeman, Bernard J.
1919 Shafroth, Morrison
1919 Silveratdn, Hany 8.
1901 Smith, John R.
1016 Smith, Milton
1915 Steele, George P.
1896 Stevenson, Archi M.
1918 Stimson, Edward C.
1917 Strong, Robert G.
1915 Stuart, Barnwell S.
1916 Sullivan, James J.
1911 Byrnes, J. Paster
1901 TVears, Daniel W.
1010 Teller, James H.
1922 Tesch, Frank S.
1806 Thomas, Ohulen 8.
1922 Toll, Henry Wdcott
1918 Truesdell, John P.
1907 Twitchell, La Payette
1922 Vaessen, Bertha
1922 Van Cise, Philip S.
1912 Vidal, Henry C.
1922 Vivian, John C.
1920 Vogl, Albert L.
1918 Wadley, William H.
1922 Wallbank, Stanley T.
1919 Ward, Ethelbert
1990 Wardlaw, J. M.
1916 Warileld, John D.
1906 Warner, Stanley Clark
1901 Waterman, Charles W.
1918 West, Frank C.
1920 Whitehead, Carle
1901 White, 8. Harrison
1906 Whitted, Elmer B.
898
AMEBIGAN BAB ASSOOIATIOK.
Denver (Denver) Cont'd
1918 WUliams, Le Roy J.
1916 Wolcott, Roffer H.
DuranfO (La PUta)
1914 Searcy, W. N.
Floreaoe (Fremont)
1922 HeBsick, Delbert A.
1916 Wilkes, George H.
Fort Collins (Larimer)
1907 Annia. Prank J.
1911 Fleming, Ruasell W.
1921 Sarchet, Fancber
1914 StoTer, Fred W.
1911 Stow, Fred W.
1921 Warren, Thomaa J.
Fort Xorran (Morgan)
1917 Ooen, Walter S.
1920 Lee, Frank E.
1920 Tworably, George C.
Glonwood Bpringt (Garfield)
1921 Darrow, (Jharlea W.
Grand Jvnotlon (Mesa)
1921 Burgefls, Lee W.
1918 Logan, Strand M.
1918 McMuIlin, S. G.
1922 Sternberg, Guy V.
Grooloy (Weld)
1921 Baker, Herbert M.
1922 Bradfleld, George H.
1920 (Thurchill, Harry E.
1912 Clark, Frederic Wilson
1922 Green, Franklin J.
1901 Haynes, H. N.
1922 Houtchens, E. H.
1922 Kelly, William R.
1917 McGreery, Donald C.
1901 McCreery, James W.
1920 Smith, I. 8.
1914 Thompson, William Hall
Onnnlson (Gunnison)
1920 Shackleford, Sprigg
Sayden (Routt)
1920 Carpenter, Ferry R.
Holyoke (PhiUips)
1920 Walrod, Claude D.
Hugo (Lincoln)
1920 Reed, J. T.
1920 Reid, John G.
COLORADO— OOVVXOTXOVT
Idaho Bvrlnga (Clear Creek)
1901 Regennitter, Erwin L.
£a Junta (Otero)
1920 Hasldns, Earl W.
1907 Sabin, Fred A.
Lamar (Prowen)
19E2 Cole, AUyn
1920 Htllyer, Granby
1921 Horn, Hersbel
1922 Kinkaid, D. B.
LeadTiUe (Lake)
1901 Bouck, Francis E.
1922 Pendery, Henry R.
Xonta yuta (Rio Grande)
1918 Caldwell, Fred. 8.
1920 0)rlett, George M.
Montrose (Montrose)
1922 Moynihan, Charles J.
Pneblo (Pueblo)
1911 Adams, Alva B.
1920 Ballreich, C. A.
1906 Devine, Thos. H.
1911 Gast, Robert S.
1906 Hartman, Wm. Laurence
1922 Hughes, Charles B.
1920 Koperlik, Benjamin P.
1918 McCorkle, James Thomas
1922 Martin, John A.
1918 Packard, Sperry 8.
1922 Phelps, J. Arthur
1911 Preston, J. W.
1917 Rose, Charles M.
1922 Stewart, A. T.
1920 Stewart, William B.
1917 Storer, Todd C.
1916 Trimble, Samuel D.
1901 Vates, William B.
1922 Vories, Harry P.
Ban Lnis (Costilla)
1913 Ellithorp, Elias H.
Steamboat Springs (Routt)
1920 Board, Joseph K.
1920 Monson, Claude Ray-
mond
1914 Morning, Charles A.
Sterling (Logan)
1917 Ch>en, John R.
1920 Fox. Gladys F.
Bterliag (Logsn) OontM
1920 Johnson, Roy T.
1922 Keating, Herbert E.
1922 McConley, George E., Jr.
1922 Munson, T. E.
1922 Naugle. a B.
1922 Sauter, Raymond L.
TeUnxlde (Miguel)
1920 Adams, E. B.
1916 Allen, L. W.
1920 Woy, John M.
Trinidad (Las Animas)
1920 Hawley, JooepL W.
1918 McHendrie, A. Wateon
1920 Sanders, GUbert
coraxoTioiTT
Ansonla (New Haven)
1921 Aaronaon, Abraham S.
1920 Bellin, Jacob
1921 Cohen, Franklin Willard
1913 Holden, Frederick Wm.
1916 Isbell, Milton C.
1918 McCarthy, Frederick M.
1921 McOrmond, Artfanr R.
Bridgeport (Fairfldd)
1914 Banks, John W.
1921 Bartlett, Frederic A.
1896 Bcardsley, Morris B.
921 Bearddey, Samuel F.
921 Calboon, Philo G.
921 Oanfleld, Chaiics Stuart
1916 Oomley, William H., Jr.
909 Davenport, Danid
916 Day, David &
921 DeForest, Robert G.
921 Flanagan, Michael J.
914 Foster, Carl
914 Goold, Louis K.
918 Klein, Jaoob B.
1921 Marsh, Arthur M.
914 Menitt, Albert J.
921 Miller, Paul L.
914 PheUn, John J.
918 Pullman, John 8.
922 Saltman, Bernard P.
921 Shannon, Henry E.
914 Shapiro, Charles H.
917 Shapiro, Jooeph a.
918 Spallord, John A.
921 Stoddard, Sanfoid
914 Wheeler, George W.
1921 Wilder, Frank U
STATB LIS¥ <)f kElCBEltS BY CiTllES AND TOWNS.
^8S)9
Brlitol (Btrtford)
1921 JeoningB, Newell
1908 PedCp Kpapbroditufl
Ohetlilre (New HaTen)
1921 Peas1ey» FYederick M.
OUatpii (Middlesex)
1909 Pelton, Charles A.
1921 Sterens, Luciua K.
Danbiirj (Fairfield)
1914 Canningham, Martin J.
1912 Davis, Samuel Allan
1904 Ives, J. MooB
DanieUoB (Windham)
1917 Shumway, Milton A.
Deep BlTer (Middlesex)
1916 Burke, Edward O.
Derby (New Haven)
1906 Baldwin. Alfred O.
1914 Drew. Harold E.
1921 Healey, William F.
1921 O'Sullivan, Patrick B.
1903 Williams, William H.
Oreenwloli (Fairfield)
1921 Brush, Balph E.
OrotoB (New London)
1918 Avery, C. t.
EaddAm (Middlesex)
1921 Russell, Charles A.
Hartford (Hartford)
1921 Albrecht, Abraham S.
1018 Aloom, Hugh M.
1900 Andrews, James P.
1921 Beckwith, Oliver R.
19U Bill, Albert C.
19S1 Brosmith, Allan E.
1907 Brosmith, William
1918 Brooghel, Andrew J.
1921 Buckley, John
1912 Burpee, Lucien Francis
1921 Butler, Robert P.
1921 Cole, Francis W.
1892 0>nant, George A.
1914 Coxe, Alfred C.
1921 Creedon, Alex W.
1920 Daly, Edward J.
1918 Day, Edward M.
1916 Dickenaon, Robert a
1921 EgiD, William E.
OOKHEOTIOTJT
Bartford (Hartford) Cont'd
1922 Elsmer, Solomon
1916 Forward, John F.
1921 Freeman, Harrison B.
1916 Gates, Andrew F.
1917 Gross, Charles E.
1918 Gross, Charles Welles
1920 Hazen, Maynard T.
1916 Healy, Frank E.
1917 Henney, William F.
1921 Hewes, Thomas
1921 Holden, Benedict M.
1913 Byde, Alvan W.
1918 Lonergan, Augustine
1913 McCook, Anson T.
1921 McKone, Thomas C.
1916 Maltbie, William M.
1914 Marvin, L. P. Waldo
1921 Molloy, Thomas J.
1921 Pallotti, Francis A.
1920 Peck, Josiah H.
1916 Pierce, Koble E.
1914 Prentice, 8. 0.
1914 Rhodes, James E., 2d.
1916 Robinson, Lucius F.
1916 Schutz, Walter S.
1912 Sherman, (Carles P.
1921 Smith, Harry Tyler
1916 Spellacy, Thomas J.
1916 Spenry, Lewis
1921 Stoner, George J.
1916 Wells, Ralph Olney
1921 Wilson, Albion B.
1920 Yeomans, Edward M.
Litchfield (Litchfield)
1919 Foord, William Malcolm
1918 Ryan, Thomas F.
1878 Woodruff, George M.
1920 Woodruff, James P.
Xerlden (New Haven)
1918 Aubrey, Alfred B.
1921 Danaher, Cornelius J.
1921 Dunne, Thomas P.
1909 Fay, Frank S.
1916 O'Brien, Denis T., Jr.
1921 Smith, Irving O.
mddletown (Middlesex)
1891 Oliver, M. Eugene
1921 Inglis, Ernest A.
1921 Robinson, Silas A.
1921 Ryan, Leonard O.
1921 Wells, Philip P.
Ujwtio (New London)
1921 Hewitt, Benjamin H.
' Vaugatnok (New Haven)
1921 Klein, Clayton L.
Mew Britain (Hartford)
1921 Oaffney, B. F.
Kew Saven (New Haten)
1921 Adinolfl, Anthony P.
1920 Alcorn, William F. '
1911 Ailing, John W.
1920 Anquillare, Joseph T.
1912 Asher, Harry W.
1916 Atwater, Harry Hall
1917 Augur, Erroll M.
1919 Baldwin, Seth W.
1878 Baldwin, Simeon E.
1920 Barclay, Albert tL
190B Beach, John K.
1894 Beers, George E.
1921 Bergin, Frank S.
1917 Birely, Charles W.
1921 Bishop, Frank S.
1917 Bollmann, Carl F.
1920 Bollmann, Frank E.
1913 Booth, John R.
1920 Borchard, Edwin M.
1917 Bree, William A.
1921 Bristol, John W.
1921 Bronson, Clarence W.
1921 Brooks, Harry L.
1921 Burton, Louis R.
1921 Caplan, Jacob
1914 Chambers, Arthur W.
1916 Clarke, Charles F.
1906 Cleaveland, L. W.
1920 Connor, James E., Jr.
1921 Corbin, Arthur L.
1920 0>x, ITiomas H.
1913 Daggett, Leonard M.
1920 Day, H. Frederick
1920 Dean, Thompson
1921 Dooley, Vincent P.
1918 Elliott, John
1917 Parley, Eugene F.
1920 Field, Lewis L.
1900 Fitzgerald, David E.
1918 Oilson, John L.
1921 Ounbart, William B.
1917 Hall, George B.
1918 Hall, Henry A. L.
1916 Harriman, Charles H.
1918 Hewitt, Harrison
1916 Hillhouae, James
1921 Hoffman, Bemhart Eliot
1916 Hooker, Thomas, Jr.
1913 Hoyt, Samuel E.
1922 Ireland, Gordon
1917 Judson, Walter F.
900
AHSRIOAN BAJEL ASSOCIATION.
V0W XftTMi (New Haw)
Cont'd
1916 Kenna, Prank
1920 Kennedy, William J.
1913 Kleiner, Charles
1907 Lorenzen, Ernest O.
191i lamch, Bernard B.
1921 McLaren, George S.
1911 Mansfield, Burton
1914 Martin, Charles J.
1915 Martin, Sanford B.
1909 Mathewson, Albert Mc-
Olellan
1914 Mcrwin, Beniy W.
1921 M^er, W. W.
1921 Mont^mery, Phelps
1917 Moran. James T.
1918 MorAouse, Samuel O.
1919 Morgan, Edmund Morris
1921 Natbanaon, Samuel J.
1921 O'Keefe, Arthur B.
1922 O'Meara, Edward P.
1911 Parmelee, Henry F.
1916 Peck, George L.
1911 Perry, Fred L.
1921 Periky, Samuel A.
1916 Pickett, Walter M.
1911 Pond, Philip
1921 Quinn, Michael J.
1921 Rice, Cleaveland J.
1916 Roberts, Charles F.
1914 Robertson, A. Heaton
1921 Robinson, Thomas R.
1915 Rosenbluth, Louis M.
1918 Russell, Frederick 0.
1916 Sheldon, Harrison T.
1916 Steele, Thomss M.
1917 Sterens, Carleton H.
1921 Stoddard, Robert C.
:916 Swan, Thomas W.
1909 Tliomas, Edwin 8.
1912 niarston, Edward S.
1918 Tilson, John Q.
1909 Townshend, Henry H.
1916 Tuttle, Grove J.
1902 Tuttle, J. Bimey
1906 Vance, William B.
1916 Walsh, Walter J.
1917 Watrous, Eliot
1891 Watrous, George D.
1896 Webbk James H.
1917 Wetaler, S. Fred.
1906 Wheeler, James E.
1921 White, Roger S., 2nd
1914 Wiggin, F. H.
1921 Willcox, Donald D.
1914 WoUe, Isaac
1918 Woodruff, Robert J.
COHSSCTXOVT
Vvw Xay«a (New Haven)
Cont'd
1894 Woolsey, Theo. 8.
1916 Wynne, Kenneth
1918 Yates, C!lyde Raymond
Mew London (New London)
1921 Belcher, Nathan
1921 Oslkina, Arthur B.
1912 Hull, Charles HadUi
1909 Hull, Hadlai A.
1921 Keefe, Arthur Thomas
1909 McOuire. Frank L.
1918 Mahan, Biyan P.
Morth SaTen (New Haven)
1913 Reynolds, James Bronson
Korwalk (Fairfield)
1921 Dunbar, Jesse T.
1921 Lock wood, Edward M.
1921 i^uinlan, Edward J.
1914 Walsh, John J.
Korwioh (New London)
1921 Brown, AUyn L.
1917 Brown, Arthur M.
1911 Greene, Gardiner
1913 Higgins, Edwin W.
1914 Huntington, J. P.
1918 James, CTharles V.
1921 Mathewson, Earl
1921 Perkins, Edmund W.
1921 Peterson, Harry L.
1919 Quinn, Virtume P. A.
1921 Bobbins, Lee R.
1919 Stewart, Charles L.
Portland (Middlesex)
1911 Haines, Prank D.
Putnam (Windham)
1914 Russell, Frank P.
1907 Sanborn, Frederick H.
1916 Warner, Edgar M.
Bockrille (Tolland)
1898 Phelps, Charles
BalUbury (Litchfield)
1891 Warner, Donald T.
Bimsbiiry (Hartford)
1914 McLean, George P.
Sovtli llanoliestar (Hartford)
1921 Bowers, Herbert O.
1921 Hyde, William 8.
Bonth ir«rw«Ik (Fkirfield)
1921 Benedict, Boswell A.
1909 Light, John H.
Btamford (Vkirfleld)
1918 Coe, Walter E.
1916 Cres^y, Warren P.
1909 Cununings, Homer S.
1921 Duregr, John C.
1921 Hackett, Raymond B.
1913 Lockwood, (Siarles D.
1916 Mead, Benjamin H.
1909 Taylor, F»ederi<4c O.
Thompion (Windham)
1891 Searls, Oiaries E.
TbompMUYlUa (Hartford)
1914 Mulligan, Wm. J.
Torrfnrtmi (Utchlleld)
1921 O'Sullivan, Eugeoe T.
TylervUla (Middlewz)
1918 Tyler, RolUn U.
WaUiagferd (New Haven)
1921 Wiynn, William F.
Washington (Litchfield)
1907 Clarke, Samuel B.
Watorbviy (New Haven)
1916 Beardslcy, Harry J.
1921 Bernstein. Philip M.
1921 Brett, Prank P.
1909 Bronson, Nathaniel H.
1913 Byrne, M. J.
1913 Carmody, Terrenoe P.
1921 Cassidy, John tf.
1913 Church, UlyflKo Q.
1914 Cole, Bdward F.
1919 Coleman. Dennia W.
1921 Gager, William WiUlans
1921 OviUoyle, FranciB P.
1921 Hayea, Abner P.
1921 Hincks, (Carroll C
1911 Kellogg, John P.
1920 Lynch, James M.
1921 McDonoagb, John F.
1921 McEvoy, Prank P.
1913 McGrath, John F.
1921 McNifl, Miles P.
1912 Makepeace, Walter D.
1912 Matflh, Samuel John
1921 Mcniman, BockinclMni
STATE LIST OF liEHBK
OONNEOTXCnr— CUBA— DSLA
Waterbnxj (New HftTen)
Cont'd
1021 Meyer, Theodore T.
1021 MoDzani, John T.
1921 Phelan, Finton J.
1906 Pierce, Wilson H.
me Reeres, Francis T.
1921 Beery, Edward L.
1921 Slavin, Dennis J.
1918 Thorns, William E.
1921 Walker, Robert S.
1980 Weisman, Herman J.
1900 Williams, Frederic K.
Wiiurtad (Litchfield)
1909 Herman, Samuel A.
1914 Higglns, Richard T.
WoodbviT (Litchfield)
1914 Stuxfies, Oeorge R.
OVBA
SftTana
1911 Lamar, Lucius Q. O. .
BSLAWABE
Dorar (Kent)
1914 Harrington. Wm. Watson
1922 Hughes, James H.
1917 Button, John B.
1918 Kenncy, Richard R.
1922 Msgee, Arley B.
1917 Pennewill, James
1911 Powell, Walter A.
1912 Bldgely, Heniy
1918 Satterfield, James M.
1912 Wolcott, Josiah O.
Laural (Sussex)
1916 Tutherly, William
Vew CmUo (New Olutle)
1922 Rodney, Richard S.
Wllmingtoa (New Oastle)
1914 Ball, J. Frank
Bayard, Tliomas F.
Berl, Eugene Ennalls
Bradford, Edw. Q.
Brown, Oeoige T.«
Burchenal, Caleb B.
Csno, John Pearce
1914 Ourley, Charles F.
1918 Dayia, George N.
1914 Bastbum, Horace 0.
1917 Elliott, Cteorge A
1914 Emmons, Hany
1914
1886
1914
1912
WIlmlBgto
(
1022 Finger,
1914 Oray, i
1884 Gray, C
1922 Hasting
1891 Hflles,
1921 Hughes, i
1922 Isaacs,
1022 Jamison I
1914 Jamrier,
1911 Laifey, i
1922 Layton,
1917 Marsh, . i
1918 Marvel,
1912 Marrel,
1922 Morris, i
1899 Nields,
1918 Peningtc
1914 Polk, Al
1918 Prickett '
1922 Rheuby,
1912 Richards !
1914 Satterth'
Jr.
1885 Saulsbun
1922 Southerli :
1914 Townseni
Jr.
1922 Ward. H
1896 Ward, H
1914 Woolley, i
DI8TBI0T 0
Washingtoi
Golu:
1916 Acuff, Hs
1911 AdkiiM, J I
1921 Allen. Nil
1912 Allison, 1 i
1922 Andrew, \ i
1912 Ansel], Sa i
1920 Appel, M< i
1922 Ash, RoIm :
1914 Bailey, E<
1014 Baker, Gi i
1921 Baker, Lai i
1911 Baldenton
1003 Barbour, J :
1921 Barger, Hi
1909 Barlow. B
1900 Barnard, II
1921 Barae, Qtci
1912 Beaman, K
1901 Beck, Jam I
1922 Beedy, Car
1914 BeU, Alexi
902
AMERICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
WMhington (District of
Columbia) Cont'd
1022 Oompton, Wilaon Martiii-
dale
1911 Cooke, Leri
1902 Oostigan, Edward P.
1917 Oo«tifan, Ignatius John
1914 Ooyiii8:ton, J. Hany
1911 CraiD, Robert
1911 Crowder, E. H.
1886 Oommiiis, A. B.
1915 Curtis, Charles
1912 Cushman, Arlon T.
1918 Dallinger, Frederick W.
1914 DalzeU, John
1921 Darr, Charles W.
1921 Daugherty, Harry M.
1912 Davies, Joseph E.
1914 Davlla, Felix Cordova
1896 Davis, Henry E.
1866 Davis, James C.
1921 Day, Rufus a
1902 Day, William R.
1912 Dean, Charles Ray
1920 Dean, Robert A.
1912 DeKnight, C. W.
1906 DeLacy, William B.
1918 Dennis, William CuUen
1914 DeVries, Marion
1916 Dewey, L. A.
1912 Dodge, Horace A.
1902 Dodge, William W.
1906 Donaldson, R. Golden
1921 Donovan, William H.
1916 Dorscy, Vernon M.
1911 Douglas, Charles A.
1922 Dow, Fayette B.
1900 Dowell, Arthur E.
1902 Dowell, Julian C.
1914 Drain, James A.
1916 Drayton, Charles D.
1903 Dunlop, G. Thomas
1910 Dupre, H. Garland
1916 Dyer, Leonidas C.
1914 Easby-Smith, James 8.
1921 Eby, Robert J.
1800 Edmonston, William E.
1902 Edson, Joseph R.
1914 Elliott, Milton O.
1912 Ellis, Wade H.
1914 English, Walter O.
1907 EMerUne, Blackburn
1920 Evans^ Alvin E.
1904 Everette, Willis l^gene
(Taooma, Wash.^
19M Ewing, John G.
1914 Faust, Frederick De C.
1907 Fenning. Frederick A.
DISTBIOT OF COLUMBIA
WAihingtoB (District o2
Columbia) Cont'd
1911 Fenning, Karl
1919 Fenwlck, Edward Taylor
1911 Ferguson, Garland S., Jr.
1912 Person, Merton L.
1809 Fisher, Robert J.
1004 Flanneiy, John S.
1807 Fletcher, D. U.
1922 Floyd, Pauline M.
1909 Flynn, Leo J.
1914 Folk, Joseph W.
1914 Ford, Richard A.
1913 Frailey, (Jharles L.
1921 Freebey, Harriet
1912 .French, Burton L.
1918 Gann, Edward £.
1913 Gardiner, W. G.
1921 Gartner, Karl Knox
1912 Garyf Hampson
1912 Gatley, B. Prescott
1919 Gillet, Emma M.
1914 Gittings, John C.
1914 (2iven, Harvey
1911 Classic, Henry H.
1911 Ck>ff, Guy D.
1912 Gordon, Peyton
1921 Gore, Thomas P.
1918 Graham, B. U.
1913 Graham, Samuel J.
1889 Gregory, (Tharles Noble
1914 Gregory, Thomas W.
1918 Guerry, Homer
1921 Guy, Walter B.
1911 Hackett, Chaimcey
1906 Hadley. Un H.
1904 Hagerman, James, Jr.
1918 Hagerty, Alfred O.
1907 Hale, Frederick
1901 Hall, Henry C.
1922 Hamele, Ottomar
1883 Hamilton, <3eorge E.
1911 Harlow, Leo P.
1012 Harr, Wm. R.
1896 Harriman, Edward A.
1921 Harris, Elizabeth O.
1916 Harvey, Eichanl S.
1916 Uawes, Harry B.
1921 Haynes, J. Marion
1014 Henderson, Daniel B.
1911 Henderson, William O.
1911 Henning, Edward J.
1921 Heniy, Robert L., Jr.
1914 Henty, Thomas M.
1914 Herrick, Samuel
1918 Hickcgr, John J.
1912 Hodges, Vernon B.
1911 Hogaoy Frank J.
WftsMnrtOB (District of
OolumbU) Cont'd
1918 Holland, E. E.
1918 Holland, Rush L.
1914 Hoover, George P.
1922 Hoover, John E.
1920 Horton, Edward H.
1914 Hough, Franklin H.
1900 Howard, Ctooive H.
1880 H0W17, Chas. B.
1918 Hoyt, Henry M.
1896 Hughes, (Tharles E.
1918 Hughes, William J.
1914 Huidekoper, Reginald a
1922 Hull, J. A
1918 Hunter, William Boyd
1919 Hutchhiaon, (Seorge A.
1907 Hyde, Charles (Cheney
1914 HynsoD, N. HiortOB
1919 bnlay, Charles V.
1921 Jackson, E. Hiltoai
1886 James, Francis B.
1906 Jeffries, L. E.
1912 Johnson, Guy H.
1914 Johnston, Forney
1920 JooeSk Marvin
1904 Eappler, Charles J.
1922 Keene, Henry O.
1911 Kenyon, J. MiUer
1889 King, George A.
1906 King, WiU B. (PortUnd.
Ore.)
1006 King, William B.
1897 Kinkaid, M. P.
1914 Knaebel, Emeat
1913 Knapp, Martin A.
1921 Laird, Mary E.
1914 Lamar, George H.
1914 Lamar, WiUiam H.
1914 Lambert, Wilton J.
1888 Lancaster, Ohaa. OL
1914 Lansing, Bobert
1911 Laskey, John B.
1921 Leahy, William E.
1922 Leatberwood, Elmer O.
1914 LeFevre, Charles H.
1914 Lesh, Paul E.
1914 Lester, Wharton B.
1914 Unkins, Charles
1919 Uttlepage, Tboman P.
1914 \tloyd, J. T.
1914 LobdeU, Charles K.
1917 Lodge, Heniy Cabot
1914 Long, Breckinridge
1921 Loos, Karl D.
1922 Loring, Charles
1922 Loughran, Patrick H.
1911 Loving, Loess P.
19S1
1914
1921
1911
1914
1919
1921
1918
1918
1899
1911
1918
1918
WasblartOB (District of
Columbia) Oont'd
I^on, R. B. H.
Lyon, Simon
HcCall, M. Pearl
McGalmont, Edward S.
McDonald, Charles H.
McElroy, Bernard W.
McGlue, G. Percy
McQovem, James P.
IfcKenna, Royal T.
IfcKenney, Frederic D.
McLaughlin, A. A.
McNary, Charles L.
McReynolda, Frederick
W.
1906 McRe>'nolds, James C.
1918 Marshall, Cloud R.
1912 Mason, Eugene G.
1921 Mason, Guy
1900 Michener, L. T.
1914 Mioou, Benjamin
1906 MiUan, William W.
1906 Minor, Benjamin 8.
1906 Mohun, Barry
1914 Montgomery, William P.
1922 Moore, Harry Thornton
1922 Morcland, Sherman
1914 Morrill, Cheater
1920 Morrill, Lowxy L.
1920 . Morris, George Maurice
1919 Moyers, Ida M.
1919 Mussey, Ellen Spcncer
1922 Uyers, Abram F.
1912 Myers, T. Perpy
1911 Myrick, N. Sumner
1918 Nebeker, Franklin K.
1918 Needham, Charles W.
1921 Newmyer, Alvin L.
. 1922 Nielsen, Fred K.
1912 Norris, James L.
1914 Northrop, ClaudUn B.
1914 Obear, Hugh H.
1922 O'Donoghue, Daniel W.
191B OlTut, George W., Jr.
1921 Ogilby, C. F. R.
1921 O'Shea, James A.
1921 O'Toole, Mary
1921 Outcault, Dudley C.
1921 Pack, Harold J.
1888 Page, Thomas Nelson
1919 Palmer, A. Mitchell
1921 Parker, A. Warner
1921 Parker, B. W.
1880 Parker, Richard Wayne
1912 Pattison, Allen a
• :UIQ0 Payn^, John Blarton
1921 Peacock, James Craig
BZ8TRI0T
WasMngi
Colum
1914 Peelle,
1^1 Pelzma
1909 Penflel<
1914 Periy.
1900 Perry,
1914 Peter, .
Md.)
1912 Peters,
1914 Peyser,
1919 Philbin
1916 Pierce,
1919 ' Pike, K
1918 Pitney,
1922 Pittmai
1917 Potter,
1916 Prevoet,
1911 Prince,
1917 Proctor,
1916 PuUer,
1916 Quinter,
1921 Quirk, I
1914 Raker, «
1886 Ralston,
1914 Rhodes,
1921 Richards
1915 Rit«r, W
1912 Ritter, f
1921 Roach, (
1921 Roberta,
1921 Robertsoi
1912 Robinson
1922 Rock, Lo
1921 Rogers,
1906 Rogers, "^
1914 Rosenben
1904 Rowe» Le
1914 Rowland,
1914 Ruffln, Tl
1914 Saul, Joh
1912 Scaife, H
1918 Schick. J>
1922 Schlobohr
1919 SchoUe, C
1901 Scott, Jar
1919 Scott, Joh
1921 Scott, Rol
1919 Sellers, K>
1922 Sbeehy, E
1910 Sbelton, 1!
1919 Sherier, J(
1914 Shields, J(
1921 Shinn, Geo
1921 Sholes, Wi
1918 Shortridge,
1906 Siddons, F
904
AMEBICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
DIBT&IOT OF
WMldngton (District of
OolumbU) Cont'd
1014 Wells, a A. M.
1018 Wells, George F.
1014 Wells, Robert W.
10U WheaUey, H. Wiinhip
1021 White, Wm. Hesxy
1011 White, William Henry,
Jr.
1021 Whiteford, Roger J.
1021 Wiener, David
1022 WiUebrandt, Mabel
Walker
1014 Williams, George Francis
1016 Williams, Nathan B.
1012 Williamson, Chas J.
1021 Willis, Frank a
1012 Wilson, Andrew
1014 Wilson, Charles F.
1004 Wilson, Clarence B.
1878 Wilson, Nathaniel
1804 Wilson, Woodrow
1011 Winston, R W.
1020 Wise, Jennings Cropper
1021 Wolf, Alexander
1021 Wright, Daniel Thew
1014 Wyrell, Manton M.
1021 Teatman, Rudolph H.
1018 Zerely, J. W.
EGYPT
Alexandria
1018 Brinton, Jasper T.
SVGLAHD
Birmingham
1016 Jewell, John F.
London
1010 Barratt, J. Arthur
1018 DeFriese, Lafayette H.
(New York, N. Y.)
1011 Forbes, J. Grant (Boston,
MasB.)
1018 Harrington, Howard &
(New York, N. Y.)
1012 Kellogg, Virgil K.
1021 Lee, Duncan Campbell
1806 Levis, Howard C. (Sche-
nectady, N. Y.)
FLOBIDA
Bartow (Polk)
1021 Boawell. C. A.
1021 Brady, James W.
1021 Holland, S. L.
1021 Oliver, George W.
Bartow (Polk) Cont'd
1011 Ollipfaant, H. K.
1021 Olliphant, Horace K., Jr.
1081 Walker, G. Edwin
1021 Wilson, Sok>n G.
BradentowB (Manatee)
1020 Crichlow, W. B. Shelby
1021 Glasier, H. &
1014 Singeltazy, John B.
Bronson (Levy)
1021 Rivers, William E.
Ohipley (Washington)
1022 Daniel, James N.
1022 Jones, D. J.
Dade Olty (Pasco)
1016 Sturkie, Robert B.
Daytona (Volusia)
1021 Sholts, David
De Fnniak Bpringi (Walton)
1811 Campbell, Angus G.
1018 Floumoy, William W.
DeLand (Volusia)
1021 Landis, Gary D.
SnstU (Lake)
1014 Bishop, Henry W.
Femandina (Nassau?
1021 Baker, Hinton J.
1021 Upchurch, Frank D.
Fort landerdalo (Broward)
1880 GarUide, John M.
Fort Pieroe (St. Lode)
1012 Fee, Fred
GainesTiUe (Alachua)
1018 Adkina, J. C.
1021 Baxter, E. G.
1017 Ellis, T. B., Jr.
1010 Hampton, William Wade
1010 Hampton, Williani Wade,
Jr.
JackMnTlUe (Duval)
1021 Adair, Henry P.
1020 Adams, Thomas Burton
1002 Axtell, Ezra P.
10Q6 Baker, Robert A.
1000 Baker, William H.
JaeksoiiTme (Doval) Goaf d
1022 Barker, William J.
1022 Bairinger, Harrison B.
lOQS Bedell, George C.
1022 Blount, J. Henry
1022 Booth, Lee Madden
1006 Bostwick, Wm. M.. Jr.
1006 Bryan, Nathan P.
1028 Caldwell. SUfford •
1018 (Jlark, Henry a
1010 Cockrell, A. W., Jr.
1012 Cockrell, Alston
1021 Cooper, John C, Jr.
1022 Copp, GxrU C.
1014 Crawford, John T. G.
1021 Daniel, Richard P.
1006 Doggett, John L.
1010 Fleming, (Charles Seton
1011 Fleming, Francis P.
IflSl Foster, Stephen E.
1022 Fowler, W. Thomas
1006 Gibbons, CromweH
1011 GIbbs, George C.
1021 Guest, Lee
1021 Hale, Eugene
1010 Hal^, D. Greenwood
1021 Hamilton, Frank P.
1022 Harding, JulU A.
1008 Hartridge, John B.
1021 Heintz, Frank J.
1022 Hemphill, Edward Stro-
bel
1022 Howell, Charles Cook
1022 Hutchinson, Gov.
1922 Hutchinson, R. L.
1022 Jennings, S. B.
1021 Jones, Lake
1022 Kanner, A. O.
1880 Kay, William R.
1021 Knight, AIbk>n W.
1021 Knight, Telfair
1022 Lamson, Herbert
1010 L*Engle. B. J.
1020 Lewis, Miles W.
1010 Loftin. Scott M.
1012 Long, Martin Hetiry
1018 McCollum, Oscar O.
1021 McGarry, Paul D.
1905 McGany, Tliomas P.
1914 Marks, Richard P.
1021 May, Philip S.
1010 Miller, Austin
1018 Noble, Fred B.
1010 Odom, Patrick H.
1922 Osborne, W. P.
1021 Peeler, Charles B.
1006 Powell. George IfJ
1010 Rcjmoldi. Jobn Cb^dlcr
JmtikaouwOU (Dorftl) Oont'd
1806 RlndiaTt, 0. D.
1021 Rogen, Wm. H.
1914 8t. Olalr-Abrami, Alex.
Uffi Stadth, E. J., Jr.
1921 Stodcton, WillUiin Ten-
nent
1920 Stroup, A. B.
1920 Swearingen, Vtn O.
19M Toomer» W. M.
1921 Walker, Stanton
1921 WiUiama, Simon F.
1922 YerkaSy Damon 6.
1922 Zacharias, Isidore A.
Soy Watt (Monroe)
1916 Allen, George W.
1911 Tiylor, H. H.
KUaimmae (Osceola)
1915 Garrett, George Palmer
1916 Johnston, Pat.
lAkaUnd (Polk)
1921 Petersdn, J. H.
■Leesbiirg (Lake)
1922 Pntch, Tmman G.
Lira Oak (Suwanee)
191S Harrell, John P.
1914 Boberson, L. E.
XoZntoili (Marioii)
1990 Wahl, J. H.
Xadiaoii (liadison)
1914 Rowe» R. H.
■arlaitna (Jackson)
1906 Wilson, 0. L.
1921
1914
1021
1914
1919
1916
1921
1916
1919
1922
1906
1916
1919
1904
Miami (Dade)
Ban», Samuel J.
Benson, CHifton D.
BottB, Fred
Brown, Armstead
Burdine, R. FVeeman
Gautier, Redmond B.
Oramling, John G.
Hudson, Frederick M.
Kurtz, Everett B.
Price, Mitchell D.
Price, William H.
Railey, Lilbum R.
Robineau, Simon Pierre
Rose, A. J.
Scott, Paul R.
IXOBIDA-^SAHOX
KUmi (Dade) Gont'd
1916 Sfantts, Frank B.
1914 Smith, William P.
1921 Taylor, Paul O.
1921 Ttiompson, Uly 0.
1922 Tifyman, Lewis
1919 WilUrd, Ben O.
XntoD (Santa Roai)
1921 Clark, W. W.
1920 Lewis, Giles F.
1920 McGeachy, R. A.
Ooala (Marion)
1910 Dural, Louis W.
1918 Ferguson, D. Niel
Orlando ((h^nge)
1921 Andrews, Gharles O.
1921 Davis, E. W.
1921 Oiks, LeRoy B.
1914 Jones, John 0.
1914 Jones, Joseph H.
1896 Maasey. Louia O.
1921 Robinson, 0. B.
1922 Warlow, T. Pieton
Ponaaeola (Escambia)
1920 Beall, Phillip D.
1920 Goe, J. M.
1916 Fisher, William
1920 HolAcrry, Leroy V.
1910 Maxwell, Evelyn 0.
1916 Pasco, Samuel
1920 Reese, R. Pope
1915 Stokes, John P.
1908 Sullivan, J. J.
1920 Watson, W. H.
1914 Yonge, J. B. Davis
Plant City (HilhdMmmgh)
1916 Wella, G. B.
Bt. Angnatino (St. Johns)
1915 Dewhurst, Wm. W.
St. Petersburg (Pinellaa)
1920 Buasey, James R.
1918 Merrell, Herman
Saaford (Seminole)
1919 Rousholder, B. F.
Sarasota (Manatee)
1021 Gillespie, J. Hannltoa
1921 Peny, W. Y.
TftMalttW (Leon)
1919 Browne, Jaffersaa Bl
1919 Ellla, W. H.
1918 Gainea, J. B.
Tampa (Hillsborough)
1919 Altman, Pasco
1910 Baya, Harry P.
1918 Okraballo, Martin
1920 Carlton, Doyle E.
1910 Chuter, WiUUm A.
1910 Fraxier, Joseph W.
1906 Glen, Jamea F.
1910 Hampton, Hilton S.
1908 Hunter, WfllUm
1919 Kelly, T. Paine
1910 Knight, Peter O.
1912 Lucas, lltomas Edward
1912 McKay, Kenneth I.
1916 McMuUen, Alonao B.
1919 Morris, James W., Jr.
1916 Morrow, (Charles J.
1916 Parkhfll, Charies B.
1911 Pettingill, N. B. K.
1921 PhlllSpa, H. 8.
1921 Reavea, O. K.
1919 Sandler, Harry N.
1912 Shackleford, T. M., Jr.
1919 Sutton, John B.
1918 Turner, Alonzo G.
1916 Watson, J. T.
TaYarea (Lake)
1916 Duncan, Harry O.
West Palm Beach (Palm
Beach)
1919 Bussej, H. L.
1920 Osrmichael, M. D.
1922 ChilUngworth. O. E.
1919 DonneU, E. B.
1922 Wideman, Jerome E.
WinterhaTen (Polk)
1921 Oaig, E. R.
1917 Register, Don
1921 Summerlin, A.
1921 Tbuchton, William J.
Winter Park (Orange)
1911 Vana Agnew, P. A.
FEAVCE
Paria
1918 Beckley, Pendleton
1914 Conner, Benjamin H.
1917 Emrich. Wm. H. Pauling
1899 Hubbard, Hari^
906
AMSBICAN BAB AB60CIATI0N.
eSOBOZA
A1>>tTUl« (Wilcox)
lffl7 Uwion, H»I.
Albany (Dougherty)
lOlA Bennet, Sam 8.
1914 Hotmayer, I. J.
1914 Payton. Claude
1914 Pope, John D.
1914 Pottle, J. R.
AmerleiM (Sumter)
1918 Dykes, W. W.
1921 Ellia, O. B.
1921 Webb, O. O.
Arllnftoii (Calhoun)
1929 Fortson, B. W.
Athens (Clarke)
1921 BradwcU, J. D.
1912 Oobb, Andrew J.
1921 Oomett, Walter Q.
1914 Fortson, Blanton
1921 Gamble, John B.
1921 Lumpkin, E. K.
1914 Morris, 3ylvanus
1904 Strickland, John J.
Atlantn (Fulton)
1919 Alston, Robert C.
1919 Andrews, Walter P.
1901 Arnold, Reuben R.
1897 Brandon, Morris
1914 Bryan, Shepard
1929 Candler, Asa W.
1919 Candler, John 8.
1922 (Chalmers, Franklin S.
1914 Chastain, Edward 8.
1917 Chipley. Hunt
1919 Colquitt, Walter T.
1922 Cook, Robert Manguro
1914 Fish, William H.
1922 Gilbert, S. Price
1919 Haas, Leonard
1909 Hammond, TheodtM-e A.
1919 Heyman, Arthur
1919 Hif^don, T. B.
1916 Hirsch, Harold
1916 Hopkins, Stiles
1919 Howell, Albert
1916 Hynds, John A.
1910 Johnson, Pml B.
1920 Jones, Harrison
1919 Jonas, Robert P.
1920 Jones, Winfleld P.
1921 Jordan, James KoUock
esoEaiA
Atlanta (Pulton) Ooot*d
1910 King, Alexander C.
1910 KontB, Ernest C.
1913 Latimer, W. Carroll
1916 McDaniel, Sanders
1916 MacDougald, Daniel
1919 Parker, R. &
1914 Peeples, Henry C.
1919 Pomeroy, Edgar E.
1914 Porter, J. H.
1916 Powell, Arthur Gray
1912 Randolph, Hollins N.
1914 Rosser, Luther Z.
1914 Russell, R. B.
1920 Sibley, John A.
1916 Slaton, John M.
1909 Smith, Alexander W., Sr.
1916 Smith, Marion
1909 Smith, Victor Lamar
1916 Spalding, Hughes
1920 Spalding, Jack J.
1914 Stephens, Alexander W.
1914 Thomson, W. D.
1914 Tye, John L.
1914 Underwood, B. Marrln
1910 Watkins, Edgar
Augusta (Richmond)
1912 Barrett, Wm. H.
1917 Howard, William M.
1913 Hull, James M., Jr.
Balnbridge (Decatur)
1922 Bell, Henry Qra4y
1919 Custer, W. V.
1910 Hawcs, T. S.
1922 O'Neal, M. E.
1916 Wilson, John R.
Bronswlok (Qlynn)
1917 Bennett, Joseph W.
1921 Butts, BosUce C.
1921 (buyers, a B.
1800 Crovatt, A. J.
1920 Crovatt, Alfred Hayne
1921 Krauss, Daniel Webster
1917 Reese, Millard
1921 Twitty, Frank Elmore
Cairo (Grady)
1918 Bell, R. C.
1921 Pope, Jeff A.
OamiUa (Mitchell)
1919 Cox, E. Eugene
Camp Benning
1914 King, Archibald
OadartowB (Piolk)
1919 WatUm, Homer
Columbiu (Muscogee)
1921 BatUe, Charlton K.
1921 OsggsUtter, Heniy D.
1911 (Soetchius, Henry R.
1921 Slade, Lester a
1919 Swift, H. H.
1921 TerreU, J. R.
Oordolo (Crisp)
1912 Onm, D. A. R.
Darien (Mcintosh)
1912 lyson, Charles M.
Dawson (Terrel)
1916 Wilkinson, H. A.
1920 Teomans, M. J.
Dublin (Laurens)
1919 Camp, R. Earl
Emory UnlTonlty
1906 Williams, Ssrouel O.
KawklnsTiUo (PuUsU)
1914 Lawson, Harley P.
La rayotto (Walker)
1918 Shattuck, Norman
La Orango (Troup)
1917 Moon, E. T.
1921 Thompson, Arthur Hayes
LoniSTillo (Jefferson)
1917 PhiUips, John R.
1917 Phillips, W. U
Xacoa (Bibb)
1887 Bartlett, Chaa. U
1919 Grice, Warren
1919 Hall, Caiarles H.
1917 Harris, John B.
1914 Harris, Walter A.
1914 Jonea, George S.
1919 Jones, Malcolm D.
1914 Miller, A. L.
1919 Miller, Wallace
1910 Park, Onrille A.
1914 Smith, John R. I^
1919 Strosier, Harry 8.
Xarletta (Cobb)
1919 Blair, D. W.
I
908
AMBBIOAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
Barley (GasBia)
1913 Lee, T. Bailey
CkaUis (Cutter)
1921 Brown, Ifilton Adama
Ooenr d'Alene (Kootenai)
1900 Ailihie, Jamea P.
1919 Berg, E. H.
1919 Booghton, E. Y.
1919 Culp, Lynn W.
1919 Elder, R. H.
1915 Flynn, John M.
1914 McOlear, Jamea L.
1919 McFarland, W. B.
1919 Nelson, Ralph 8.
1919 Reed, Bert A.
1919 Wemette, N. D.
1919 Whitla, Esra R.
Onin^vllle (Idaho)
1919 Auger, Bwchmana
IdAlio Falli (Bonneville)
1922 Johanneaen, Oscar A.
1918 McCutcheon, Otto E.
1918 St. Clair, Clency
Lewltton (Nea Peroe)
190i Babb, James E.
1910 Butler, Fred. E.
1906 Cox, Eugene A.
1919 Leeper, Robert D.
KoBtpaller (Bear Lake)
1912 Oough, Aurelian Bmoe
Koioow (UUh)
1916 Oockerill, O. P.
Vampa (Canyon)
1918 Lamson, George W.
1918 Rhodes, p. L.
Payette (Payette)
1918 Freehafer, Albert L.
Focatello (Bannock)
1921 Bacon, James B.
1915 Budge, Jesse R. S.
1920 CofRn, Thomas C.
1921 Edens, William
1921 McDougall, Isaac
1921 McDougall, Isaac E.
1921 Merrill, R. D.
1921 Peterson, J. H.
1914 Terrell, Robert If.
isAao^-xxxorozB
Pocfttello (Bannock) Cont'd
1918 Tbompaon, Horace B.
1906 Tumor, Harry R.
1916 White, E. C.
1916 Witty, W. H.
Xathdnun (Kootenai)
1918 Heitman, Oharlea L.
Bftlmen (Lemhi)
1921 Burleigh, Henri J.
Silver City (Owyhee)
1921 SUcy, Wright A.
Twin FaUi (Twin Palla)
1915 Babcock, W. A.
1918 Bothwell, Jamea Rj
1916 Daviea, John E.
1918 Hicks, A. R.
1916 Wise, Jamea H.
Wallace (Shoshone)
1908 Beale, (3harle8 W.
1921 Callahan, Donald A.
1919 Craig, CJharles H.
1919 Featheratone, Albert H.
1914 Fox, Carlton
1921 Gundlach, S. S.*
1919 Hanson, Walter H.
1919 Homing, Charlca E.
1919 Hull, Harold J.
1921 MoEvers, John Hi
1918 TOwIes, Therrett
1914 Wayne, Jamea A.
1919 Worstell, Harrold E.
Weieer (Washington)
1918 Varian, Bertram S.
ILLIVOIB
Aledo (Mercer)
1921 CSarlstrom, Oscar E.
Alton (Madison)
1921 Boynton, William P.
Aurora (Kane)
1921 Alschuler, Benjamin P.
1912 Plain, Frank O.
1921 Worcester, Theodore
Belleville (St. Clair)
1921 Perrin, L. N. Nick, Jr.
1918 Tecklenburg, F. J.
Bement (Piatt)
1921 Thompaon, Oeoige M.
BIOOmlngteB (McLean)
1921 Bracken. Wihiam K.
1901 Capen, Charlea L.
1921 De Pew, Joaeph W.
1921 Donnelly, B. E.
1921 FItsHenry, Louia
1921 Irwin, Samuel P.
1921 Kennedy, llioniaa
1980 Zweng, Charles A.
Cairo (Alexander)
1921 Lanaden, David S.
1921 Lanaden, John M.
Cambridge (Henry)
1921 King, Erman A.
Canton (Pulton)
1914 Chiperfield, B. M.
1921 Hippler. C. Harold
OarboDdale (Jackson)
1920 Feirich, Charlea E.
Carmi (White)
1916 Randolph, CJharles T.
Carthage (Hancock)
1908 O'Harra, Apolloa W.
Oentralia (Marion)
1921 Jonaa, L. H.
1921 Skipper, Logan B.
1980 Smith. June C.
Champaign (Oiampeicn)
1916 Bauer, Ralph 8.
1921 Dobbina, Donald Cleude
1921 Kerker, Harry E.
1921 Scbaefer, Peter P.
Oharlettea (Col«)
1921 Anderson, Sumner 8L
1921 Kelly, Jamea Y.
Chicago (Cook)
1921 Aaron, Charlea
1916 Aaron, Henry J.
1921 Abbott, Edwin H.
1918 Abrahamaon, Henry M.
1921 A 'Brunswick, Frank P.
1921 Adams, Am O.
1921 Adama, Ralph
8TATB LIST OF HEHBEBS BY CITIES AND TOWNS.
909
OlilflAffo (Oook) Ckmt'd
1021 Adasu, Robert McOor-
mick
1918 Adams, Samuel
1918 Addlnffton, Keene H.
1914 Adelman, Abram R.
1981 Adklnson, Elmer W.
1914 Adler, Sidney
1908 Alden, W. T.
19S1 Alkgretti, Francis B.
19Z1 Alscfauler, Sanmel
1922 Altheimer, Benjamin J.
1921 Andalman, Samuel J.
1919 Anderaon, O. Bemhard
1921 Anderson, Norman K.
1922 Andrews, Roecoe G.
1916 Angerstein, Thomas 0.
1006 Ap Hadoc, W. T.
1912 Appell, Albert J. W.
1922 Arnold, Victor P.
1912 Ashcraft, Raymond M.
1910 Austin, Chauncey G., Jr.
1921 Austin, Edward W.
1906 Austrian, Alfred S.
1921 Baar, Arnold R.
1916 Bachrach, Walter
1916 Bacon, Henry M.
1921 Baker, Inring Wesley .
1921 Baldridge, Baker
1906 Baldwin, Henry R.
19M Baldwin, W. W.
1914 Ball, Farlin H.
1921 Ballard, Ernest S.
1895 Bancroft, Edgar A.
1911 Bangs, Frederick A.
1919 Bangs, Hal G.
1921 Bangs, William Dean
1912 Barasa, Bernard P.
1914 Barbour, James J.
1906 Barnes. Albert 0.
1919 Barnes, Cecil
1917 Barnes, Harry 0.
1921 Barnes, John P.
1904 Bamett, Otto Raymond
1921 Barnhart, Marvin E.
1921 Bartelme, Mary M.
1908 Barthell, Edward E.
1921 Bartlett, Charles G.
1887 Bartlett, Charles L.
1906 Bartley, Chas. E.
1921 Bates, Jeanette
1916 Beach, Elmer E.
1916 Beach, Raymond W.
1896 Beale. William Q.
1912 Becker, Benjamin V.
1921 Becker, Louis L.
1921 Bederman, Edwin B.
1921 Beebe, Walter E.
ZLUHOXB
OhiMgo (Cook) Cont'd
1921 Beebe, William
1912 Behan, Louis J.
1921 Belfield, A. Miller
1921 Bell, Hayden N.
1921 Bell, Will J.
1909 Belt, William 0.
1921 Bengel, Frederic H.
1911 Bennet, WiUiam 9.
1906 Bentley, Cyrus
1921 Berger, Henry A.
1921 Berger. William B.
1919 Berkson, Maurice
1921 Bern, Edward A.
1921 Bernstein, Fred
1920 Berry, George A., Jr.
1913 Best, E. O.
1916 Beye, William
1921 Bicek, Frank H.
1008 Billings, G. L.
1022 Binswanger, Augustus
1912 Bishop, James Franklin
1916 Black, John D.
1921 Blackwood, R. E.
1922 Blaha, Ralph G.
1921 Blake, Guy M.
1922 Blanksten, Samuel B.
1922 Blatner, William D.
1008 Bledsoe. S. T.
1022 Blim. Henry L.
1021 Block, Samuel
1016 Block!, Gale
1021 Bloom, David H.
1021 Blum, A. M.
1021 Blum, Henry Sw
1021 Blumberg, Nathan S.
1920 Blumenthal, Isadore S.
1921 Blumenthal, Oscar
1921 Blumrosen, David
1914 Bobb, Dwight S.
1021 Book, John Taylor
1013 Borders, M. W.
1021 Borrelli, Francis
1020 Boucher. John J.
1021 Boutell, Francis L.
1922 Bowe. /ftigustine J.
1921 Boylan. Peter Richard
1921 Boyle, Edward
1916 Boyle, Lawrence P.
1914 Bradley, Ralph R.
1922 Bradley, Thomas E. D.
1922 Brady, William N.
1912 Breding. Ben. N.
1921 Breen, James W.
1921 Brendecke, Walter A.
1921 Brill, J. Leonard
1921 Brothers, David M.
1916 Brothers, Elmer D.
Okloago (Oook) Oont'd
1021 Brothers, William Vin
cent
1021 Brouillet, Hector A.
1002 Brown, Charles A.
1916 Brown, Charles Le Roy
1021 Brown, Charl«i R.
1914 Brown, Edward Eagle
1006 Brown, Edward Osgood
1012 Brown, Frederick A.
1916 Brown, James Edgar
1021 Brown, Milton A.
1021 Brown. Scott
1804 Brown, Taylor E.
1001 Bruce, Andrew A.
1019 Bruggemeyer, Mancha
1008 Buckingham. George T.
1021 Buckley, Thomas M.
1921 Buckle, Warren B.
1912 BuUcl^, Almon W.
1021 Bull, FoUett W.
1018 Bunch, Thaddeus O.
1022 Burchmore, John S.
1021 Burgess, Kenneth F.
1021 Burke, Thomas F.
1014 Burke. Webster H.
1012 Bumham, Frederic
1014 Burns, James F.
1022 Burr, Maurice
1021 Burr. Maurice E.
1010 Burras. Charles H.
1806 Burry. WUliam
1012 Burton, Chaa. S.
1012 Busby, Leonard A.
1010 Busch, Francis Z.
1021 Bush, Frank Q.
1022 Busbonville, Leslie F.
1021 Bussian, John A.
1006 Butler, Rush C.
1021 Byrne. Charles E.
1021 Caldwell, Louis G.
1918 Cameron, John M.
1920 Cameron, Ossian
1921 Campbell. Benjamin A.
1916 Campbell, Herbert J.
1916 Campbell. John O.
1913 Csmpbell, R. M.
1916 Campbell, Robert W.
1916 Cannon. Thomas H.
1919 Canty. F. J.
1921 Carlin, Nellie
1921 Camahan, Charles G.
1906 Carpenter, George A.
1915 Carpenter, Paul
1921 Carroll. Frank J.
1919 Carson. William Sherman
1917 Carter. Howard M.
1908 Carter. Orrin N.
910
▲HERICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
Ohioaro (Oook) Cont'd
1914 Oirton, Alfred T.
1981 GaiTDski, Stephen B.
1912' Oaae, Chas. Center, Jr.
1914 OMe, William W.
1912 OuBela, Edwin H.
1919 Castle, Howard P.
1919 Cattel, Archibald
1890 Cbancellor, Justus
1921 Chandler, Henry P.
1914 Chapman, Tlieodore S.
1921 Charles, Albert N.
1906 Cheever, D. B.
1921 Cheney, Henry D.
1921 Childs, Lester C.
1921 Chindahl, George L.
1921 Chones, William
1921 Christopher, T. Irvinff
1921 Churan, Charles A.
1921 Church, Chester W.
1921 Church, Balph E.
1922 Clark, Ainaworth W.
1921 Clark, Charles D.
1919 Clark, Charles V.
1914 Clark, Lincoln B.
1915 Clarke, Henry L.
1921 Clary, A. B.
1922 Cleary, Leo V.
1922 Clements, Chauncey N.
1912 Cleveland, Chester E.
1916 CliiTord, Bichard W.
1921 Clinnin, John V.
1918 Clithero, Delbert A.
1921 Cloud, A. D.
1916 Clyne, Charlea F.
1919 Cobb, Charles L.
1921 Ooghlan, Henry D.
1922 Cohen, Archie H.
1921 Cohen, Qeorge B.
1921 Cohen, Samuel
1922 Cohn, Louis S.
1916 Coleman, James Leonard
1921 Coliopoulos, Emmanuel
G.
1919 Collins, Beryl B.
1921 Colson, Harry G.
1922 Colwell, Clyde C.
1912 Comerford, Frank
1914 Condee, Leander D.
1916 Condit, J. Sidney
1913 Condon, James G.
1916 Condon, Thomas J.
1919 Conerty, Joseph A.
1914 Connell, Joseph A.
1919 Cook, Edgar J.
1910 Cook, Wells M.
1919 Cooke, George A.
1921 Coonley, Henry E.
iLLnroiB
Ohioago (Cook) Cont'd
1919 Cooper, Homer H.
1921 Corboy, William J.
1921 Cowan, Leonard L.
1906 Cox, Arthur M.
1922 Crafts, H. K.
1921 Craig. Bryan T.
1921 Crandall, Balph G.
1921 Grapple, Guy CrapuUo
1921 Craven, Alfred W.
1921 Creekmur, John W.
1912 Creasy, Morton S.
1921 Cromwell, Willum Ne-
varre
1918 CroBsley, Frederic B.
1921 Crow, William B.
1922 Cudahy, E.
1912 Culver, Morton T.
1921 Cununings, John H.
1921 Cummins, Joseph
1913 Cunnea, William A.
1916 Currier, Albert Dean
1906 Cutting. Chas S.
1919 Dahlberg, G. A.
1921 Dahlin, C. Edward
ISIZl Dammann, J. F., Jr.
1912 D'Ancona, Edward N.
1921 Daniels, Bobert W.
1921 Dankowski, L F.
1922 Darley, Beginald C.
1906 David, Joseph B.
1919 David, Sigmund W.
1921 Davidson, John L.
1922 Davidson, Martin M.
1921 Davis, Abel
1906 Davis, Brode B.
1914 Day, Stephen Albion
1919 DeFrees, Donald
1908 DeFrees, Joseph H.
1921 Dellenback, William H.
1921 De Moe, Earl W.
1921 Demos, Paul
1897 Deneen, Charles S.
1916 Denning, Clarence P.
1918 Dent, Lc^is L.
1883 Dent, Thomas
1920 Deutschman, Archie J.
1921 Devine, Miles J.
1919 DeYoung, Frederic B.
1919 Dick, Homer T.
1884 Dickinson, Jacob M.
1919 Dickinson, J. M., Jr.
1905 Dickinson, J. B.
1921 Dierasen, George £.
1921 Dillon, William H.
1921 Ditchbume, Harry S.
1921 Dixon, George W.
1921 Dixon, Simeon W.
ChiOAgo (Cook) Cont'd
1916 Dixon, William W.
1913 Dobyns, Fletcher
1913 Dolan. M. D.
1919 Dow, Hany A.
1913 Dowell, O^sood H.
1921 Downes, Joanna E.
1919 Doyle, Edward Andrew
1922 Doyle, Leo J.
1919 Doyle, William A.
1921 Dreiske, George J.
1921 Dresser, Jasper Marion
1921 Drucker, Henry M.
1921 Dulsky, Louis
1921 Dulsky, Samuel
1919 Dunbar, David O.
1921 Dimbaugh, Harry J.
1921 Dunn, Bobert W.
1921 Durand, Arthur F.
1922 Durham, Harold B.
1921 Duval, William H.
1910 Dynes, O. W.
1899 Dyrenforth, William H.
1921 Eakin, Edgar Oswald
1921 Early, John
1907 Eastman, Albert N.
1889 Eastman, Sidney C.
1909 Eaton, Marquis
1921 Eberhardt, Alfar M.
1921 Eckert, Walter H.
1908 Eckhart, Percy B.
1921 Edelson, Bobert
1912 Ekem, Herman L.
1911 Elder, Chas. a
1922 Eldridge, F. Howard
1912 Elliott. Bobert L.
1921 Ellis, Howard
1906 Elting, Victor
1919 England, Edward U
1906 English, Lee F.
1921 Ennis, James Ignstius
1916 Enoch, Albert B.
1921 Erb, J. a
1921 Erland, Hemy H.
1912 Ettelson, Samuel A.
1914 Evans, John T.
1908 Evans, I^mden
1916 Evans, Peter L.
1912 Everett, Edward W.
1921 Fales, David
1916 Falk, Lester L.
1921 Farrell, Bobert H.
1913 Faasett, Eugene Q.
1916 Faulkner, Charles J., Jr.
1921 Feinberg, Michael
1912 Felsenthal, Eli B.
1912 Fergus, Bobert O.
1912 Fernald, Gustavua a
STATE LIST OF MEMBEBS BT OITIBS AND TOWNS.
911
OhiOMTO (Oook) Cont'd
1021 Fet2er» William R.
1922 Fidler, George E.
1891 Field, Heinan H.
1921 Fink, Albert
1921 Fink, George E.
1921 Finn, Richard J.
1921 Finnegan, Thomaa J.
1906 Fisher, George P.
1921 Fiaher, Harry M.
1922 Fiske, Kenneth M.
1921 Fitch. Joseph H.
1916 Fitta, Henry
1922 Fitzgerald, Charles F.
1921 Flannigan, Richard J.
1912 Fletcher. Robert V.
1922 Floyd, Henry B.
1912 Foell, Charles M.
1914 Fogle, John L.
1912 Follansbee, Mitchell D.
1914 Folonie, Robert J.
1919 Folsom, Richard &
1916 Foote, Roger L.
1914 Fordham, Albert 0.
1912 Foreman, Milton J.
1921 Forrest. William S.
1921 Foretall, James J.
1912 Foster, Stephen A.
1921 Fox, Jacob Logan
1921 Frank, Bernhardt
1919 Frank, Jerome N.
1915 Freeman, Charles T.
1921 French, Charles Newton
1908 Freund, Ernst
1921 Friedman. Herbert J.
1921 Ftiedman. William
1920 Friend, Hugo M.
1902 Ftost, £. Allen
1918 Fulton, Arthur W.
1912 F^e, Colin C. H.
1912 Gallagher, M. F.
1919 Gann, David B.
1921 Gannon, George
1921 Gardner, Addison L.
1921 Gardner, Henry A.
1920 Garey, Earl J.
1918 Garey. Eugene L
1921 Gaakill, Roy S.
1919 Gavin, John E.
1914 Gavin, Richard I.
1921 Geary, John R.
1921 Gehr, S. W.
1921 Gerlach, Fred
1921 Gesas, Michael
1922 Gibson, Joseph R.
1919 Gilbert, Barry
1919 Gilbert, Hiram T.
1921 Gilbert, Samuel Harvey
nxxHon
Chicago (Cook) Cont'd
1921 Gilnith, Irwin T.
1921 Girten, Michael F.
1919 Glennon, Edward T.
1921 Godehn, Paul M.
1919 Godman, Elwood G.
1921 Golde, Joseph A.
1921 Goodman, Charles
1916 Goodman, Mark D.
1921 Qoodspeed, C. T. B.
1917 Goodwin, Clarence N.
1916 Gorham, Sidney S.
1921 Gorman, George E.
1921 Gottlieb, H. N.
1921 Grams, Walter E.
1921 Graves, Wm. C.
1919 Graydon, Thomas J.
1906 Greeley, Louis M.
1922 Green, Thomas A.
1921 Greenacre, Alice
1908 Greenacre, Isaiah T.
1921 Greene. J. Kent
1921 Greenlimb. Peter E.
1918 Gregory, Tappan
1904 Gresham, Otto
1906 Gridley, Martin M.
W9 Grollman, Louis
1922 Groner, Powell C.
1921 Grossberg, Jacob G.
1921 Grover, Mortimer C.
1922 Gubemator, E. S.
1918 Gueiln, Mark E.
1921 Guerine, Guy C.
1921 Guilliams, John R,
1919 Guinan, James J.
1921 Gunnell, J. M.
1912 Gurley, Wm. W.
1919 Hack. Fred C.
1919 Haft. Charles M.
1908 Hagan, Henry M.
1919 Haight. George L
1921 Haight. William H.
1921 Hale, William Brown
1916 Hall, David F.
1908 Hall, James P.
1921 Hall. Ross C.
1922 Haller. Louis P.
1911 Uamill. Charles H.
1922 Hamilton, Charles S.
1921 Handy. James S.
1921 Hanecy, Elbridge
1921 Hanley. Henry L.
1919 Hansen, Otto S.
1919 Hapeman. W. T.
1906 Harding, Charles F.
1920 Harding, Charles F., Jr.
1921 Hardy, Robert C.
1921 Harkness, Frank E.
Chicago (Cook) Cont'd
1912 Harlan, John Maynard
1912 Harley, Herbert
1921 Harman, Harry De Jersey
1921 Harmon, Rc^ Milton
1918 Harper, Samuel A.
1921 Harrington, Patrick T.
1922 Harris, Joseph
1921 Hsrris, Paul P.
1912 Harrold, James P.
1915 Hart, Louis E.
1920 Hartigan. Edward
1916 Havard, Charles H.
1920 Hawkins, Kenneth B.
1919 Hawxhurst, Ralph R.
1921 Hay, William Sherman
1916 Hayes, Howard W.
1919 Hasen, Irwin R.
1921 Healy, Daniel M.
1908 Healy, John J.
1919 Hebel. Oscar
1919 Hedrick, Edwin
1921 Hefferan. William &
1921 Helander. William E.
1919 Helmer, Bessie Bradwell
1916 Helmer. Frank A.
1922 Hennings, Abrsham J.
1921 Henry, Louis
1921 Herbert, Paul W.
1922 Herman, Maxwell R.
1921 Herrick, Walter D.
1919 Herrlott. Irving
1921 Hess, Franklin
1919 Hibben, Samuel E.
1909 Hill, John W.
1921 Hills, Charles W., Jr.
1921 Hines, Patrick A.
1908 Hinton, Edward W.
1921 Hitch, Marcus
1912 Hoag, Parker H.
1921 Hodges, Ernest Stanley
1921 Holfman, Julius J.
1919 Hoffman, Leo W.
1919 Holden, Charles R.
1921 Holden. Walter S.
1889 Holdom, Jesse
1915 Hollen, Richard H.
1921 Holly, William H.
1921 Holmes, George B.
1921 Holter, Nels J.
1921 Holton, Charles Ray
1921 Hoover, Jonas 0.
1914 Hopkins, Albert J.
1918 Hopkins. Albert L.
1921 Hopkins. John L.
1921 Rombsker, Clyde O.
1914 Homer, Henry
1921 Homstein, Leoo
912
AMERICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
Ohioaro (Oook) Cont'd
19Z1 Hostetter, Earl D.
1919 Houlihan, Francis J.
1922 Houae. Arthur A.
1921 HoTcy, Fred B.
1921 Howard, Hans L.
1921 Howard, Hubert E.
1919 Howe, Beverly W.
1918 Howe, Chas. D.
1921 Howe, Mary Clinton
1914 Howe, Thomas Francis
1912 Hoyne, Thomas M.
1922 Hughes, John E.
1919 Hull, Morton Denison
1906 Humburg, Andrew P.
1912 Hummeland, Andrew
1914 Hummer, John S.
1919 Humphrey. Wirt E.
1906 Hm^, Harry B.
1921 Huflsey, Franklin B.
1921 Hutchinson, Charles O.
1921 Huxley, Henry M.
1908 Qyde, James W.
1921 Icel^, Albert E.
1918 Ickes, Harold L.
1921 Igoe, Michael h.
1918 Innes, Alexander J.
1922 Irrmann, John A.
1912 Irving, Samuel Crazier
1921 Irwin, Harry D.
1918 Irwin, Boyal W.
1917 Isaacs, Martin J.
1908 Ives, Morse
1912 Jackson, John L.
1916 Jacobs, Walter H.
1921 Jaoobaon, Lewis P.
1921 Janisseski, Frank H.
1920 Janncy, Laurence A.
1921 Janowics, Stephen
1922 Jaquet, Seymour, Jr.
1919 Jarecki, Edmund K.
1914 Jarrett, Delta I.
1918 JefFety, James Clarke
1921 Jerka, Daniel S.
1921 Jetzinger, David
1921 Johnson, Elmer A.
1922 Johnson, Rush B.
1921 Johnston, Edward R.
1919 Johnston, Frank, Jr.
1919 Johnston, Morris L.
1918 Johnstone, F. B.
1918 Jonas, Edgar A.
1912 Jones, W. Clyde
1921 Joseph, Jesse A.
1914 Judah, Noble B., Jr.
1899 Junkin, Francis T. A.
1921 Juron, Bernard J.
1922 Kahn, Harry A.
ILLIVOZB
Chicftgo (Cook) Cont'd
1921 Kahn, Julius M.
1922 Kahn, Nat. M.
1921 Kaminer, Joseph
1912 Kannally, Michael V.
1918 Kaplan, Jacob
1912 Kaplan, Nathan D.
1921 Kasper, Frederick J.
1921 Kavanagh, Marcus A.
1919 Keams, Hugh J.
1912 Keehn, Boy D. '
1912 Kehoe, John E.
1918 Kelly, Edmund P.
1920 Kelly, Edward J.
1907 Kelly, Hany Eugene
1912 Kelly, James J.
1918 Kennedy, Millard B.
1919 Kemer, Otto
1921 Kerr, William D.
1912 Kersten, George
1912 KimbaU, B. F.
1920 King, Florence
1912 King, Samuel B.
1922 King, Willard L.
1918 Kirkland, Ira Bird
1917 Kirkland, Weymouth
1921 Kixmiller, Wm.
1912 Kline, Julius Reynolds
1918 Knapp, Kemper K.
1921 Knittel, Oscar A.
1912 Kocoorek, Albert
1921 Koenig, Harxy D,
1912 Koepke, Chas. A.
1921 Kohlsaat, Edward O.
1914 Kompel, Morris
1919 Kopf, William P.
1921 Kordowski, C. H.
1921 Korshak, Max M.
1921 Kraft, F. William
1921 KrausB, Max
1917 Kreamer, Ernest L.
1921 Rretzinger, George W.,
Jr.
1914 Kropf, Oscar A.
1922 Kuflewaki, Thaddeus F.
1921 Kunz, Medard A.
1921 Kyfiakopulos, O. A.
1914 Umb, William E.
1919 L'Amoreaux, Paul 0.
1919 Lanaghen, Gideon F.
1921 lAndon, Benaon
1906 Lane, Wallace R.
1921 Langworthy, Benjamin F.
1921 Lasecki, Joseph Andrew
1912 Utham, Carl R.
1863 Lathrop, Gardiner
1921 Lautmann, Herbert M.
1918 Laveiy, Urban A.
OMoago (Oook) Cont'd
1920 Uwler, Joseph B.
1921 Lawless, Thos. J.
1919 Leach, C. Nelson
1921 Le Bosky, Leo 8.
1921 Lederer, Charles
1910 Lee, Edward T.
1918 Lee, John H. S.
1921 Lee, John M.
1921 Lee, Orville W.
1921 Lefllngwell, Frank P.
1919 Legg, Chester Arthur
1921 Lehrer, S. J.
1921 Lehtman, Benjamin
1922 Leman, Henry W.
1922 Leonard, Frank R.
1921 Levinson, David
1919 Levinson, Harry C.
1921 Levinson, Morris G.
1808 Levinson, Salmon O.
1921 Levisohn, Arthur A.
1921 Uvit, LewM D.
1922 Leviton, Charles
1919 Levy, David R.
1921 Levy, Hany H.
1908 Lewis, J. Hamilton
1921 Lewis, Leon L.
1921 Lewis, Seymour M.
1922 Lindsay, WUliam J.
1919 Lipson, Isaac B.
1922 Liv, Max C.
1922 Lisa, Bebeccca Willner
1918 Litsinger, Edward R.
1921 Loehwing, Marx
1808 Loeach, Frank J.
1921 Loftus, Clarence J.
1918 Long, JesM R.
1921 Long, William H.
1918 Looby, M. F.
1006 Lord, Frank E.
1912 Lord, John S.
1919 Loucks^ CTharles O.
1921 Louer, Albert &
1921 Love, Stephen
1919 Lowenthal, Frederick
1922 Loweiy, John M.
1921 Lowes, Francis M.
1921 Lowes, (George M. BL
1921 Luby, Oswald D.
1922 Lucaa, Ralph D.
1914 Lucey, Patrick J.
1921 Lunsford. Todd
1921 Lurie, Hany J.
1922 Lust, H. C.
1921 Luster Max
1918 Lutkin, Harris Oai
1907 Lytord, Will H.
IflfiO I^le, John H.
STATE LIST OF KEHBHBS BY CITIES AND TOWNS.
918
Ohioaro (Cook) Cont'd
1912 Lynde, CornclHit
1922 HcCaflrey, Eugene
1918 McObII, Thomas
1921 McCilly, Jftj Clifford
1921 McCftndleet, Lewfa W.
1890 MoOordic, Alfred B.
1921 McOomick, Howard H.
1908 McOormick, Robert H.
1921 McCormick, Robert R.
1921 McOuIloch, Catharine
Waugh
1921 McDermott, C. H.
1921 McDemott, Frank T.
1919 McDonald, Charles A.
1921 McDonnell, Frank A.
1921 McElroy, Charles F.
1S06 MeBwen, WillArd M.
1921 McGarry, Eiifl;ene L.
1921 McGinn. Frank P.
1906 HcOoorty, John P.
1897 McHuffh, Wflliam D.
1921 Mclnemey, John L.
1919 Mdnemey, Joseph A.
1921 llcKee, John A.
1919 McKeerer, Bnell
1916 McKenaie. William D.
1912 McKeown, John A.
1921 McKibbin, George B.
1921 McKinlay, Donald S.
1916 McKinley, Archibald A.
1914 HcKinney, Hayes
1901 MeKnight, Richard
1921 McMath, James C.
1912 McMurdy, Robert
1916 McNabb, Duane T.
1921 McNamara, William flL
1919 McBhane, James C.
1921 Mcfihane, Jamea E.
1908 McSurely, William H.
1900 MacChesney, Nathan Wil-
liam
1917 MacCracken, WiUiam P.,
Jr.
1921 Mack, Louis W.
1912 MacLeiah. John E.
1921 Madden, Daniel U
1921 Maddock, Thomas H.
1912 Magee, Henry W.
1921 Maguir«, Philip J.
1921 Maher, Edward
1919 Mahoney, Joseph P.
1911 Mahony, Charlea L.
1919 Malato, Stephen A.
1921 Manheimer, Arthur E.
1922 Mankle, George
1921 Markheim, Harry
1921 Maiahall, Alennder EL.
njuHou
Ohioago (Cook> Cont'd
1922 Maxshall, Edward
Marahall, John W.
Marshall, llMmaB
Matahall, Tbomas L.
Matso, Michael
Maxston, Thomaa B.
Martin, Amos W.
Martin, Charles
Martin, H. H.
Martin, Mellen C.
Marx, Frederick Z.
Mason, George A.
Mason, Lowell B.
Mason, Roswell B.
Massena, Roy
Matohett, Darid F.
Mathiesen, WillUm
Matthews, Francis E.
Marwell, WiUiam W.
May, John V.
Mayer, Edwin B.
Mayer, Elias
Mayer, Isaac H.
Mayer, Leiry
Mayo, Arthur E.
McCartney, Harry S.
Mechem, Floyd R.
Megan, Charles P.
Mehlhope, Clarence E.
Meliehar, James J.
Meneley, Harry W.
Mergentheim,' Morton A.
Merrick, George Peck
Merrick, Roy C.
Mesirow, Benjamin S.
Meyer, Abraham
Meyer, Carl
Meyer, George H.
Michal, Charlea J.
Michelet, Charles Jules
Mlcon, Samuel
Midowics, Casimir Eu-
gene
Millar, ttobert Wyneas
Miller, Amos C.
Miller, Cbaries H.
Miller, George J.
Miller, George W.
Miller, Harry B.
Miller, Henry G.
Miller, J. Arthur
Miller, John Stocker, Jr.
MUler, Luther L.
Miller, Oscar C.
Miller. William &
Millner, LeRoy
Mills, Allen O.
921
921
921
912
908
912
921
806
921
907
918
922
913
921
919
921
919
921
921
921
921
919
906
921
906
896
921
912
921
921
912
897
921
922
912
912
915
922
921
921
922
921
916
922
921
916
921
918
922
919
917
921
919
919
1912
OUoago (Cook) Cont'd
1921 Milmine, John
1921 Misfakia, Charies
1922 Mitdiell, Geoige B.
1921 Moloney, George H.
1916 Molthrop, Charles P.
1908 Montgomery, John R.
1912 Moore, Frederick W.
1912 Moore, Langdon
1921 Moore, Nathan O.
1922 Moran, Samuel J.
1900 More, Clair E.
1908 MoiTill, DonMd L.
1921 Morrill, Nahnm
1912 Morria, Henry C.
1916 Morrison, Charles B.
1912 Morse, Chas. F.
1921 Morse, Edward P.
1921 Morton, Meyer
1921 Moss, Walter E.
1918 Moas, William R.
1912 Mosaer, Edwin J.
1916 Monlton, Frank L
1922 Mesart, Justus F.
1921 Mulcahy, Edmond L.
1921 Mullen, Timothy F.
1921 Mulligan, George F.
1919 Munger, Edwin A.
1921 Munfaall, WUUam D.
1919 Munns, Harry P.
1922 Munsell, Robert F.
1920 Murphy, John K.
1922 Murray, Charles Freder-
ick
1921 Murhiy, Frank B.
1912 Murray, Patrick F.
1919 Muiray, Sidney C.
1921 Nahin, Robert 8.
1921 Napier, Charlea R.
1921 Nelson, Arthur William
1921 Nergard, Edwin J.
1921 Netherton, Ross DeWitt
1921 Neuffer, Paul A.
1920 Newby, Harry A.
1912 Newcomb, Geo. Eddy
1921 Newey, Frederick J.
1906 Newman, Jacob
1913 Nichols, Warren
1921 Nidiolson, John R.
1921 Niemeyer, Grover C.
1916 NorcrosB, Frederic F.
ion Norden, Gabriel J.
1922 'Northrup, John E.
1908 Norton, T. J.
1922 Nyka, Leon C.
1900 O'Connor, Charies J.
1912 O'Connor, John
1919 O'Connor, John M.
914
AMEBICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
Ohioago (Cook) Oont'd
1914 Octigan, Thomu P.
1907 O'DonneU, Joseph A.
1921 O'Donnell. Paul M.
1913 Ogren, John W.
1912 O'Keeffe, P. J.
1918 01(to, Walter F.
1918 Obon, Harry
1921 Olaon, O. D.
1919 O'Neill, Hugh
1921 Oppenheim, Sidnej
1912 Orr, Louis T.
1921 OBgood, Roy O.
1919 Ott, John Nash
1908 Packard, George
1905 Paden, Joseph E.
1900 Page, George T.
1921 Palmer, Ernest
1921 Paltzer, Charles W.
1921 Pam, Hugo
1912 Pam, Max
1922 Pantelis, Athanasius A.
1909 Parker, Francis W.
1920 Parker, Francis W., Jr.
1920 Parker, Leslie M.
1908 Parker, Lewis W.
1912 Parker, Woodruff J.
1916 Parkin, Harry A.
1896 Parkinson, Robert H.
1916 Passmore, John H.
1919 Patterson, Perry S.
1908 Peaks, George H.
1921 Pearce, John Inring
1919 Pease, Warren
1886 Peck, George R.
1912 Peck, Ralph L.
1912 Peden, Thos. J.
1922 Peebles, Henry R.
1914 Pendarvis, Robert E.
1921 Pennington, George W.
' 1916 Penwell, LeRoy V.
1921 Perel, Harry Z.
• 1921 Peter, William F.
1916 Peters, Guy M.
1921 Petersen, Samuel
1922 Peterson, Albert
1921 Peterson, William A.
1913 Petit, Adelor J.
1912 Pflaum, Abraham J.
1921 Phillips, Edgar John
1921 Phillips, Harry H.
1921 Plamondon, Charles Am-
brose, Jr.
1916 Piatt, Henry R.
1911 Pollack, Sidney a
1919 Pope, Herbert
1906 Poppenhusen, 0. H.
18^9 Porter, Gilbert B.
ZLUUOZB
Ohioago (Cook) Cont'd
1916 Potter, Ralph F.
1921 Potts, RufuB M.
1921 Powell, Albert N.
1921 Pratt, Thornton M.
1921 Prendergast, John
1921 Preschem, George T.
1921 Price, Enoch J.
1916 Price, Henry W.
1921 Priest, Ehroy U.
1921 Priestley, John J.
1912 Prindeville, Thomas W.
1912 PrindiTille, John K.
1921 Pringle, Frederick W.
1921 Priore, Jerry O.
1916 Pritchard, Norman H.
1919 Pritzker, Nicholas J.
1919 Proudfoot, Frederick W.
1921 Purcell, WillUm A.
1919 Quasser, Julius H.
1914 Raftree, Matthias L.
1919 Ramsay, Gordon A.
1921 Ramsey, William R.
1921 Ranstead, Arthur D.
1913 Rathbone, Henry R.
1919 Rawlins, Edward W.
1921 Read, Frederick P.
1902 Rector, Edward
1897 Reed, Frank F.
1912 Reed, John P.
1922 Reeve, J. Fred
1912 Reichmann, Alex. P.
1921 Reiher, Harry W.
1922 Rentner, Otto 0.
1921 Repetto, Frank H.
1919 Rhodes, Carey W.
1921 Rice, Corrinne L.
1906 Richards, John T.
1916 Richardson, John
1909 Richberg, E>onald R.
1921 Richolson, Bei^. P.
1921 Rieger, Louis
1916 Rigfoy, W. C.
1916 Riley, Harrison B.
1919 Rinaker, SItmuel M.
1912 Ritchie, William
1896 Robbins, Henry S.
1922 Robbins, Jerome W.
1919 Boberston, Egbert
1921 Roberts, Jesse Elmer
1919 Robinson, Max
1912 Rockhold, Frank A.
1921 Roderick, Solomon P.
1921 Roe, Clifford G.
1906 Rogers, Edward S.
1921 Rogers, Frank 0.
1921 Rogers, Hopewell L.
1921 Rommel, Jasper F.
Ohioago (Cook) Oont*d
1912 Rooney, Thos^ Bdw.
1914 Rose, John A.
1921 Roaen, John F.
1921 Rosen. Ralph
1912 Rosenbamn, Mens I.
1921 Rosenberg, Harry O.
1921 Rosenberg, Hyman J.
1921 Roeenstone, Bertram W.
1912 Rosenthal, James
1905 Rosenthal, Leasing
1912 Ross, Walter W.
1907 Rothmann, William
1919 Rothschild, Issac S.
1916 Rowe, Frederick A.
1921 Rubenstein, Julias B.
1921 Rubinkam, Nathaniel
1922 Ruellerg, Benjamin P.
1909 Rummler, William R.
1919 Rundall, Charles O.
1886 Runnells, John S.
1921 RiMh, G. Fred
1912 Rush, Sylvester R.
1912 Ryan, Andrew J.
1922 Ryan, Michael F.
1912 Ryden, Otto O.
1921 Sabath, A. J.
1919 Sabath, Albert
1912 Sabath, Joseph
1921 Sadler, Monte H.
1922 St. OUir, Edward
1916 Salisbury, Frank L.
1919 Samuels, Benjamin John
1914 Sargent, F. W.
1906 Sautcr, U E.
1914 Sawyer, Carlos P.
1919 Seanlan, Kickham
1912 Schaiber, Arthur R
1921 Scbaifner, Margaret Auw
1921 Sdiiepsn, William
1912 Schleainger, Elmer
1921 SchmutB, EmU Wm.
1921 Schoenfeld, Frank
1916 Schoonover, Frank S.
1921 Sdiram, Otto B.
1921 Schreiber, R. S.
1919 Schupp, Robert W.
1917 Schnyler, Daniel J., Jr.
1922 Schwarer, Frank B.
1920 Schwarts, A. L.
1921 Schwarts, Charles P.
1921 Sdiwarts, Jacob J.
1921 Schwarts, Ulyases 8.
1919 Scofleld, Timothy J,
1896 Soott, Frsnk H.
1913 Scott, R. B.
1921 Soott, Walter A.
1920 Smo, Burton P.
915
ook) Oont'd
Geoife B.
iimot A.
mad
B Otrl
7 S.
[arold O.
rlet J.
H Jcwme
I LllM
r.
K
H.
Id 8c
ran
4
Bdwtrd
V.
z.
916
AHBRICAK BAB A880GIATI0K.
Ohiearo (Gook) Oont'd
1912 Wentworth, Daniel S.
U17 Wermuth, William
Gharlea
1921 Wemo, Obarles
ld97 Wert, Boy O.
19S1 Weatbrook, W. H.
1912 Wetteoi Emil O.
1919 Wexler, Harrj O.
1921 Wham, Benjamin
1921 Wharton, Charles 8.
1906 WheelodE W. W.
1921 White, Edward H.
1919 White, Harold F.
1921 White, Harry L.
1907 Whitman, RuaBell
1921 Wick, Paul R. ,
1921 Widdicombe, Robert H.
1921 Wight, James S.
1803 Wigmore, John H.
1921 Wilbur, George W.
1918 Wilcox, Nelson J.
1921 Wild, A. Clement
1906 Wilkeraon, James H.
1922 Wilkinson, George L.
1916 Williams, ArisU B.
1921 Williama, G. Arch
1921 Williams, Charles A.
1921 Wiiiiams, Bdnyfed H.
1916 Williams, Harris F.
1921 Williams J. Lester
1921 Wilson, Leon T.
1921 Wilson, Warren B.
1908 Windes, Thomas O.
1912 Winston, Garrard B.
1915 Winston, James H.
1918 Wisner, O. V.
1021 Wiseman, Leonard
1921 Wittmeyer, GusUve, Jr.
1919 Woley, James D.
1920 Wolf, Alexander
1912 Wolf, Henry Milton
1921 Wolf, Walter B.
1921 Wolfe, Arthur R.
1912 Wolir, Oscar M.
1922 Wollesen, W. D.
1919 Wood, Franklin N.
1921 Wood, William G.
1918 Woods, Charles H.
1921 Woods, Edward G.
1922 Woods, Wetgbstill
1902 Woodward, Frederic O.
1914 Wormser, Leo F.
1921 Wray, Don C.
1921 Wureter, Henry L.
1922 Wurtele, Edward O.
1921 Wyman, Vincent D.
1921 Wynne, Heloise
nxzvozs
Ohloaro (Cook) Conf 4
1921 Toung, Charles R.
1919 Toung, Hobart P.
1921 Young, Lawrence A.
1921 Young, Thomas J.
1908 Zane, John M.
1896 Zeisler, Sigmund
1919 Zeman, Anton T.
1912 Zillman, Christian C. H.
1921 Zimmerman, E. A.
OUntOB (DewiU)
1921 Lemon, Frank K.
1919 Mitchell. E. B.
Conlter^iUe (Randolph)
1921 Adami, Victor J.
Danville (Vermilion)
1921 Hall, Arthur R.
1912 Lindley, Walter C.
1921 Mann, Oliver D.
1921 Martin, Colfax T.
1917 Meeks, James A.
1912 Penwell, Fred B.
1914 Rearick, George F.
1921 Swallow, Howard A.
1900 Troup, Charles
Decatnr (Macon)
1921 Bivans, Fknnie A.
1921 Latham, Jacob H.
1922 McMillen, Clark A.
1913 Mills, Walter H.
1921 Wiley, Francis R.
Dixon (Lee)
1921 Dixon, George C.
1916 Dixon, Henry S.
1921 Erwin, John E.
1921 Wingert, Edward £.
Dwlght (Livingrton)
1912 Ahem, Clinton J.
•
East St. Loaii (St. Clair)
1921 Campbell, Brace A.
1912 Crow, George A.
1921 Flannigen, Alexander
1906 Kramer, Edward C.
1922 Whitnel, Josiah
1916 Whitnel, L. O.
EdwardsTlUe (Madison)
1921 Buckley, Leland H.
1901 Burroughs, Benj. R.
1920 Burroughs, George Dent
1916 Terry, C. W.
1921 WUlUmson. Tt^QOiM
BflaghAni (Bflbighui)
1921 Parker, Harry S.
1921 Rickdman, Hany J.
1912 Wright, WiUiam B.
Slmhiirtt (Dupage)
vm Kvoaa, Michael
EvanatoB (Cook)
1911 Kriete, Frank L.
1912 Newton, Charles E. M.
1921 Sawyer, Ward B.
1912 Torriaon, Oscar M.
1897 Washburn, WiUlam D.
Fairbuxy (LiTingaton)
1014 Hemiing. Robert
nreeport (Stepheasoo)
1921 Clarity, A. J.
1908 MuuB, George Ladd
1921 Tiffany, Reuben R.
Galena (Jo Daviess)
1914 Ken, Paul *
1914 Sheean, Frank T.
Oalasborg (Knox)
1916 Craig, Charles C.
1906 Lawrenoe, George A.
1921 Marsh, Roy M.
1919 Rioe, Robert Glllford
1921 Robinson, R. D.
1921 Stickney, Edward 8.
1896 Williams, E. P.
1921 Zetterholm, Maurice E.
Oalva (Hemy)
1918 Johnson, Lawrence G.
Oeneva (Kane)
1921 Barl^, Robert O.
Graaita Olty (Madiaon)
1921 Baxter, William J.
BamiltoB (Hancock)
1921 McCirtney, Owen O.
KardlB (Calhoun)
1921 DuHadway, F. A.
1921 Worthy, C. C.
KaiTlabiirg (Salincl
1921 Stillwell. Charles D.
Xaanr (Mamhall)
1921 Pott«, Wni W.
isrs. 917
"Peoria) Cont'd
, John
John M.
in, E. Bentlcy
Ro0coe
larence W.
J»y T.
belt P.
mard
Iter H.
I, W. O.
Henry
•le« V.
nk T.
d H.
k J.
le U.
E.
tries S.
E.
Mke)
i
n
Eka
lion)
rry Q.
u)
918
AMBRIGAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
teybrook (McLean)
1921 Dyer, E. B.
Blwwneetown (Oallatiii)
1921 Lambert, Marshall E.
1921 Boedel, Carl
BhelbyvUU (Shelby)
1921 Dove, F. R.
1921 Bhoada, (3eorge B.
Sprinrfleld (Sangamon)
1921 Barber, John A.
19Z1 Bone, Eugene E.
19Z1 Bojmton, Ben B.
1915 Brown, Stuart
1909 Brundage, Edward J.
1922 Carroll, William J.
1021 Cbapin, E. L.
1921 ChUd, Henry Lyman
1921 Doyle, Oomeliua J.
1921 Fitcgerald, A. M.
1921 Priedmeyer, John O.
1921 Oiffln, D. Logan
1921 QiUespie, Qeorce M.
1916 Graham, James M.
1921 Qullett, Noah
1921 Hatch, Frank L.
1913 Hay, Logan
1921 Henry, Ed. D.
1921 Herndon, Gray
1921 Hoff, Alonzo
1921 Jenkins, C. H.
1918 Mansfield, CSurlea F.
1921 Margrave, Alvin C.
1921 Nicolai, Joseph H.
1921 Beilly, James
1921 Searcy, James B. r
1919 Shamel, Charles H.
1912 Stephens, R. Allan
1921 Weaver, John B.
1921 Wineteer, Charles Q.
Bterling (Whiteside)
1921 Ward, Philip H.
0trefttor (La Si.lle)
1919 Belford, (}eorge F.
1905 Boys, Wm. H.
1919 Griggs, Edward M.
1921 Heflin, Paul B.
1921 Jones. Wm. C.
1915 Larkin, Robert E.
1921 Murdock, Max
1921 Painter, Lloyd
1906 RyoD, Oscar B.
1921 Shay, Arthur H.
ILLnrOIS— IVBIAHA
Bycamoro (Randolph)
1921 Cniir^, Adaih C.
1912 Falasler, John
Taylorvill* (Christian)
1914 Hogan, John E.
1914 King, John H.
1917 Provine, Walter M.
1912 Taylor, Leslie J.
VrbanA (Champaign)
1907 Green, Frederick
1914 Green, Henry I.
1919 Philbrick; Francis S.
1921 Spurgin, W. G.
▼Irgtnia (Cass)
1912 Neiger, J. J.
Waterloo (Monroe)
1921 Rickert, Joaeph W.
Wataeka (Iroquois)
1912 Goodyear, A. F.
1921 Raymond, C. W.
Waokogan (Lake)
1921 Block, Sidney H.
1921 Clarke, Elam L.
1921 Miller, J. A.
West Frankfort (Franklin)
1919 (}arr, John E.
1921 Trobaugh, Frank E.
Wheaton (Dupaze)
1921 Sluiser, Mazdnl
Wlnnetka (Cook)
1916 Kennedy, Henry H.
1921 Levy, Sylvanua (3eorge
IHDIAHA
Anderton (Madison)
1916 Beckman, Arthur A.
1809 Brady, Arthur W.
Bloomington (Monroe)
1921 Britton, William E.
1897 Hepburn, (Charles M.
1916 La Follette, J. J. M.
1920 McNutt, Paul V.
Blnirton (Wells)
1916 Simmons, Abram
1921 Sturgis, Chflrlca E.
Broekrine (Franklfn)
1921 Hubbard, M. P.
1921 O'Byme, Roacoe O.
OoluxnbiM (Bartholomew)
1906 Baker, Charles S.
1920 Richman, Frank N.
Covington (Fountain)
1921 Jones, Oliver &
1921 Livengood, V. E.
1921 RatcUte, O. B.
Crawfordaville (Montgomery)
1020 Davidson, Franklin O.
1921 Fine, Hany N.
1920 McCabe, (Tharlea M.
1921 WfllianBs, Robert H.
Grown Feint (Lake)
1921 Norton, E. Miles
Eaat Okioace (Lake)
1922 Cohen, Hyman M.
1921 McOloaky, Pavl
1921 ^Roe, Willia B.
Elkhart (BUdiart)
1921 Oawley, Verne O.
BTansrtne (VanderlMirg)
1920 Craig, Edmund L.
1920 Parby, Phelpa P.
1921 Iglehart, Joaeph H.
1921 Kahn, Isidor
1917 Ortm^er, Daniel H.
1917 Schmidt, Paul H.
1921 Veneman, Albert J.
1918 Walker, Henry B.
1919 Welbom, William 0.
I
Fort Wayne (allien)
1906 Barrett, James M.
1897 Breen, WilUam P.
1901 Olapham, W. E.
1897 Morris, John
1918 Morris, Samuel L., Jr.
1907 Nieaer, CSiarles M.
1922 Thomas, Albert £.
1920 Vesey, David Studabaker
1921 Warrington, Carina O.
1904 Wood, Sol. A.
Fowler (Benton)
1920 Barce, Elmore
1900 Fraaer, Donald
MKMBKRa BY CITI
ZMDIAVA
anapolit (Marioo) Ooni
Oox, Earl R.
Daily, Thomas A.
Davldaon, Robert F.*
Oavia, Lawrence B.
laTl8» Paul Q.
k>wdeii, Samuel
lliott, William F.
igliah, William B.
au, William P.
bank, Louis B.
belman, Isadure
ler, J. W.
Patrick, E. V.
a, Edward E.
1, Frank E.
% James L.
Oren Stephen
, Charles T.
>s, William R.
}eorg:e O.
Arthur M.
H)k, Henry H.
lUrtin M.
Edward
Charles W.
:iuilla Q.
, Leo
, John H.
lowe S.
Frank L.
Virgil H.
)bt. W.
■Jlair
rt L
!/harles
•w W.
H.
I D.
lus J.
8 W.
ce W.
O.
I A.
s D. R.
rta)
V.
t
tpeau
1
920
AMBRIGAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
XarloB (Grand)
1014 Oondo, Gus. 8.
1021 HeaTilin, Roscoe A.
1021 MesBick, Allen O.
1021 Roberts, Harry E.
XartlBiTille (Morgan)
1014 Sedwick, John E.
Xlohlfan Olty (Uporte)
1012 Collins, Cornelius B.
1008 Tuthjll, Harry B.
KontloeUo (White)
18B6 Sellers, Emory B.
Kt. Yernon (Poeey)
1021 Blackburn, James H.
Kiinoit (Delaware)
1000 Raymond, William T.
1021 Hensel, Donald D.
1021 Orr, Harry H.
X«w Albftoy (Floyd)
1010 Jewett, Charles L.
V«w Castlo (Heniy)
1014 Forkner, George D.
1022 Gause, Fred 0.
F«ni (Miand)
1016 Brewer, Samuel 8.
1014 Kraus, Milton
FortUad (Jay)
1021 Moran, James J.
Friaoeton (Gibson)
1021 Robinson, Jstrnes J.
Blohmond (Wayne)
1014 Gardner, Alonto M.
1002 Kelley, WlllUm H.
1008 Bnpe, John L.
Boohetter (Fulton)
1007 Bblman, Qeorg« W.
Buihvlll* (Bush)
1021 Morris, Douglss
1021 Smith, Donald L.
1021 Titsworth, John A.
■cymoiir (Jackson)
1flS6 Montgomery. Oscar H.
nrDZAVAp-IOWA
8h«IbrTlll« (Shelby)
1021 Baasett, Elmer
Sontli Bend (St. Joseph)
1021 Gilmer, Frank
1021 Montgomery, Chester R.
1021 Omacht, George W.
1012 Parker, Samuel
1010 Shiyeley, Dudley Morton
1020 Taloott, Thaddeus M.
SvniVM (Sullivan)
1016 Ohaney, John C.
Terro Hauto (Vigo)
1010 Adamson, Henry
1012 Beal. Fred. W.
1020 Beasley, Bert
1021 Beasley, John H.
1021 Beasley, John T.
1021 Blankenbaker, Felix
1021 Blumberg, Benjamin
1021 Bogart, Paul N. *
1021 OoUiver, Presley O.
1021 Cook, Otis
1012 Cooper, James A., Jr.
1021 Davis, Miller
1806 Davis, Sydney B.
1016 Diz, (3eorge O.
1021 Duffy, Joseph P.
1021 Fitzgerald, John M.
1010 Gallagher, Thomss P.
1021 Hilleary, Louis R.
1021 Honley. William B.
1020 Leveque, Louis D.
1021 Marshall, B. V.
1021 Miller, Abraham L.
1020 O'Brien, John F.
1020 O'Mara, Thomss F.
1020 Boyse, Samtiel D.
1021 Wemeke, Richard A.
Tipton (Tipton)
1014 Gifford, George H.
Valparaiio (Porter)
1020 Kelly, Daniel E.
▼•rnoB (Jennings)
1020 Oam«y, John Ralph
VfnaUlw (Ripley)
1021 Thompson Francis M.
Wanaw (Kosciusko)
1021 Bowser, Fnnds E.
• Washington (Davien)
1021 HasUngs, Milton S.
• WHltlag (Lake)
1021 Ahlgren, Oscar A.
ion Fetterhoff, John H.
WlUiamaport (Warren)
1021 Ringer, Victor H.
IOWA
Adair (Adair)
1021 Lynch, George B.
Adol (Dallas)
1021 White, John B.
Albla (Monroe)
1016 darkson, John T.
1021 Mabry, J. C.
1022 Miller, CJharles E.
Algona (Kossuth)
1021 Qusrton, S. D.
1800 Swetting, Ernest V.
Allison (Butler)
1021 Shepard, Winfred C
Amoi (Story)
1009 Lee, CAiaucer G.
Anamosa (Jones)
1021 Ellison, F. O.
1021 Remley, H. M.
Anita (Oaas)
1022 Holton. Earl S.
Apllagton (Butler)
1028 Voogd, Dick
Ailaatle (Cass)
1028 Bnztoo, Alfred O. A.
1022 Clovis, O. B.
1007 Bo^kafellow, J. B
1022 Swann, Harry B.
1022 Whltmore, Tom GL
Anda^oB (Audubon)
1022 Keitcrg, Sidney C.
1021 Byan, Leonard L.
1021 White, Ohaa. 8.
Avnoa (Pottawattamie)
1028 Dilliager, John L.
1014 Preeton, A. U
921
(PotUwat-
nt*d
Iter S.
!t
rtrd)
on)
leth H.
)tt)
M.
Wills
M.
0
922
AliERiCAN fiAS ASSOCIATION.
Dei Xoinei (Polk) Cont'd
1921 Gibson, Ben J.
1022 Gillespie, John L.
1920 Goodwin, James K.
1921 Griffiths, Henry H.
1921 Guthrie, Thomas J.
1914 Harding, W. L.
1922 Hamagel, George
1922 Hartley, Oscar B.
1906 Harvison, Wm. G.
1918 Havner, Horace M. ,
1921 Hazard. 8. Robert
1918 Henderson, J<dm H.
.1909 Henry, George F.
1919 Heztell. Carl Bert
1915 Hume, James 0.
1916 Hunn, Charles E.
1916 Kelly, E. J.
1920 Kendall, N. E.
1912 Kirk, Clyde
1917 Lehmann, Frederick W.,
Jr.
1922 Lynch, Vernon W.
1922 McConlogue, R. B.
1920 McHenry, W. H.
1921 McLaughlin, W. M.
1922 McMahon, E. F.
1921 Mason, Edward R.
1921 Maxwell, Charles F.
1921 Merntt, James A.
1916 Miller, Jesse A.
1921 Miller, Oliw H.
1913 Miller, W. E.
1921 Mills, Earl C.
1912 Nourse, Clinton L.
1921 O'Brien, James B.
1921 Orwig, Ralph
1914 Parker, Addison M.
1914 Parrish, James L.
1920 Perry, Eugene D.
1918 Read, Ralph L.
1920 Riley, William F.
1914 Sampson, Henry E.
1921 Samson, Edwin D.
1921 Schenk, Casper
1920 Starzinger, Vincent
1918 Stevens, Truman S.
1912 Stewart, A. K.
1900 Strauss, Oscar
1918 SulHvan, John B.
1921 Wade, Clem F.
1922 Weaver, Cbauncey A.
1900 Weaver, James B., Jr.
Dewltt (Clinton)
1922 Bloom, J. A.
1922 Pascal, Aylett L., 8r.
XOVA
Dubuque (Dubuque)
1921 Hurd, Louis G.
1904 Lenehan, Daniel J.
1918 O'Connor, Frank A.
1921 Smith, W. A.
Eagle 0roTe (Wright)
1921 Henneberry, James W.
Zldora (Hardin)
1922 Davis, Aymer D.
1918 Huff, Herbert A.
1922 Huston, Wendell
1922 Lundy, Edward H.
EUuder (Cnayton)
1904 Murphy, Daniel D.
1922 Price, Valmah T.
Emmetaburg (Palo Alto)
1918 McCarty, Dwight G.
1916 Morling, Edgar A.
1922 O'Connor, Thomas
Eatherville (Emmet)
1922 Johnston, William S.
Fonda (Pocahontas)
1922 Hogan, Frank P.
Foreit City (Winnebago)
1922 Jensen, L. A.
Fort Dodge (Webster)
1921 Breen, Maurice J.
1921 Bryant, Cyrus A.
1922 Qabrielson, Vemer
1921 Hanson^ Clarence M.
1918 Hcaly, Robert
1922 Helsell, (Tharlea A.
1912 Kelleher, D. M.
1922 Schaupp, John Martin,
Jr.
1021 Thomas, Seth
1921 Wright R. M.
Fort XadlMB (Lee)
1921 Frailey, Joseph R.
1912 Hamilton, Wm. Scott
1921 Pollard, E. H.
1921 Weber, E. C.
Orlnnell (Poweshiek)
1915 Beyer, Harold L.
1912 Lyon, A. C.
1918 Shifflet, James Glenn
Onmdy Oeutar (Grundy)
1922 Sieverding, Y. F.
1922 Strsck, W. O.
Guthrie Center (Guthrie)
1906 Moore, William F.
1922 Sayles, Edward R.
Hampton (Franklin)
1922 Stuart, Ralph R.
Karlan (SheUigr)
1922 Cullison, Shelby
1922 Stuart, D. O.
1921 White, E. S.
1922 Whitney, J. B.
Sartiey (O'Brien)
1921 Oonn, John T.
Knmboldt (Humboldt)
1922 Lovrien, Frank S.
Zdagrove (Ida)
littl Macomber, Charles 8w
1922 Muiphy, James Bajnond
Independence (Buchanan)
1921 O'Brien, R. J.
Twdlftwola (Wurea)
1922 Brown, O. O.
IflSl WateoB, J. O.
Xova Oity (Johnson)
1912 Ball, George W.
1920 Bordwell, Percy
1912 Davis, Walter M.
19U Dutcher, CharlsB M.
1922 Goodrich, Herbert F.
1922 Hambrecht, C. F.
1914 Hart, W. R
1912 Horack, H. 0.
1922 Jones, Henry Craig
1922 Kenderdine, Glcmi A.
1922 Messer, Frank F.
1922 Otto^ J. M.
1922 Otto, Ralph
1921 Randall, Frank Hall
1804 Wade IL J.
1911 Walker, Henry O.
1906 Wilcox, Elmer A.
Iowa lUla (Hardin)
1922 Gnctartft, a E.
STATE LIST OF HEHBEBS BY OITD
J«ir«nmi (Oreene)
ISSl Albert, E. O.
1921 QnUuim, E. Q.
1921 Hendenon, J. A.
1921 Wilson. E. B.
Xeoknk (Lee)
1919 Blood, William O.
1918 Boyd, J. O.
1914 Colline, W. B.
1896 Onig, John E.
1919 HollingBworth, Abraham
1921 McManus, E. W.
1916 Montgomery, Leonard J.
1902 Sawyer, Hasen I.
1916 Tlmberman, William
Swaiey
Xeoi&U4«A (Van Barea)
1921 Oalhoun, J. C.
1922 Sloan, H. B.
1914 Walker W. M.
Lanrena (Pocahontas)
1922 Allen, W>r.
1922 Gilchrist. F. O.
LoKari (Plymouth)
1922 Bradley, 0. 0.
Lonox (Taylor)
1922 George, W. Roy
L^on (Decatur)
1922 H<^man, OaWin W.
XaBOhettor (Delaware)
1921 Blair, Fred B.
1921 Bronson, Henry
1908 Oarr, E. If.
1921 Oarr, Hubert
1921 Dimham, George W.
1921 Stiles, E. B.
1921 Toran, M. J.
XapUtoa (Monona)
1922 Bennett, Oliver P.
MMTtngo (Iowa)
1918 Stapleton, Thomas
Varioa (Linn)
1921 Anderson, F. L.
XanhaUtowB (Marshall)
1921 AUbee, O. H.
1921 BemMtt, W. T.
IOWA
lUnhaUtowB (Manbal])
Oont'd
1918 Boardman, C. H. E.
1922 Oraney, H. H.
1922 Edmistcr, C. R.
1921 Hoover, Albert B.
1921 Mote, O. A.
1912 Van Uw, C. H.
Mason Oity (Oerro Gordo
1921 Olough, R. F.
1918 Dunn, Edward G.
1921 Feeney, A. J., Jr.
1922 Forbes, Lowell L.
1922 McDermott, T. O.
1922 MarUey, J. E. E.
1914 Smith. Ekrl
lUzwell (Stores)
1921 Douglass, I. W.
Xontarama (Poweshiek)
1922 Bechly, Frank
1916 Lewis, W. R.
Xontioello (Jones)
1922 Doxsee, J. W.
1921 Reed, Ervin E.
Xusoatine (Muscatine)
1916 Bihlmeier, Frank L.
1901 Devitt, J. F.
1920 Fishbum. J. J.
1922 Jayne, W. R.
1921 Richman, Irving B.
Htw Hampton (Chickssaw)
1922 Geiaer, M. E.
1922 Behorst, Frank J.
H«wtoa (Jasper)
1922 Ouey, M. J.
1915 Gross, J. E.
1915 Korf, H. O.
1914 Myers, Oliver P.
1912 Silwold, Henry
Oelwein (Fayette)
1921 O'Brien, E. R.
Onawa (Monona)
1922 Prlchard, J. A.
Oimnf 0 Oity (Sioux)
1922 Kolyn, Andrew J.
924
AMBBICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
8h«ldon (O'BrieB)
19S1 Creswell, William R.
1918 Diamond, T. E.
1021 Jory, Clifford D.
1921 Lindny, James B.
1921 McCandleiB, John
1921 Mclntixe, Isaac N.
1922 Wellman, C. T.
Bhtnandoah (Page)
1980 Ferguson, William Paul
Sibley (Osceola)
1922 Oarberson, W. C.
1921 Koopman, E. H.
Slgoumey (Keokuk)
1922 Baker, George B.
1918 Stockman, David T.
Bionx City (Woodbury)
1921 Balkema, Peter
1922 Brouillette, H. I.
1921 Carter, John B.
1921 Cleary, T. P.
1921 Corbett, Edward If.
1922 Fribourg, Arnold L.
1921 Goltz, Carlos W.
1922 Harper, H. C.
1921 Johnson, Audley W.
1922 Joseph, John F.
1921 Kaas, Jacob F.
1921 Kan, William J.
1914 Milchrist, William
1922 ICohr, John H.
1921 Hunger, Bobert H.
1921 Pike, Bobert B.
1921 Piaey, Alfred
1921 Purdy, Vaii E.
1912 Shull, DelossXU. •
1921 SbuU, DeloBs P.
1921 Shull, Henry C.
1921 Sifford, Byron L.
1918 Snyder, Harry S.
1921 Staaon, Edwin J.
1921 StiUwell, Charles M.
1921 Struble, O. T.
1906 Wagner, E. E.
Bpeneer (Clay)
1921 Heald, George A.
Spirit Lake (Dickinson)
1922 Carlton, R. S.
Storm Lake (Buena Vista)
1914 Bailie, A. D.
1922 Whitney, J. S.
lOVrAp-JAFAV-XAVBAS
Strawberry Poiat (Clayton)
1922 Holmes, Alexander A.
Swea Oity (Kossuth)
1922 Dye, Joseph If.
Tipton (Poweshiek)
1921 France, J. C.
1894 Ifoffit, John T.
Toledo (Tama)
1918 Walters, Charles E.
Waskington (Washington)
1911 Bailey, Marsh W.
1922 Livingston, Sc^yler W.
1922 Michels, T. A.
1912 Morrison, Edmund D.
1909 Thome, Clifford
1916 Wilson, C. J.
Waterloo (Blackhawk)
1922 Birdsall, W. N.
1922 Edwards, A. J.
1922 Edwards, Frank W.
1922 Frank, P. H.
1922 Jordan, J. E.
1922 Knapp, James T.
1922 Liffring, John D.
1914 McCoy, E. H.
1922 MurUgh, J. C.
1914 Pickett, C. E.
1922 Pike, George E.
1922 Piatt, Franklin C.
1922 Ransier, Charles D.
1922 Sias. Carleton
1914 Swisher B. F.
1922 Tuthill, John S.
1922 Wilson, ElUs E. '
1922 Zimmerman, Arthur A.
Waverl^ (Bremer)
1922 Hageman. F. P.
1921 Sager, Edward A.
Webfter City (Hamilton)
1922 Alexander, Sterling
1914 Bamer, Geo. S.
1920 Biemataki, Charles A.
1916 Bumstedt, John E.
1920 Henderson. O. J.
1920 Kamrar, John L.
1921 Lee, Jesse W.
1920 Lund, Frank J.
1921 McFerren, Rube
1912 Martin, Wesley
1921 Porter,* John D.
1919 Remley, B. G.
1920 Thompson, G. D.
Weat VBiOB (Fayette)
1921 Ainsworth, W. J.
1921 Antes, William H.
1922 Oonatock, Willard W.
Wintereet (Madison)
1921 Cooper, W. S.
1922 Percival. Leo O.
JAPAN
Tokyo
1908 Morris, Roland &
1914 Pergler, Charles
Tokokama
1918 Kauffmann, James L.
KANSAS
Antkony (Harper)
1921 Day, Vernon
Askland (Clark)
1916 Price, Francis C.
Atckifon (Atchison)
1906 Orr, James W.
1904 Waggener. William P.
Belleville (Republic)
1919 Hogin, John C.
Beloit (Mitchell)
1921 Hamilton. B. L.
1918 Jordan, Amsie B.
1911 Kagey, C. L.
Ckanute (Neoaho)
1921 Allen, James A.
1921 Brown, S. C.
1916 Farrelly, Hugh P.
1915 Finley, James W.
Clay Center (Clay)
1921 Jones, C. Vincent
1916 SUckpole. Hy. V,
Oolumbaa (Cherokee)
1914 Williams, Al. F.
Oonoordia (Cloud)
1922 Hunt, Charles 51.
1906 Pulsifer, Park B.
Dodge Olty (Ford)
1921 Scates, Arthur a
1921 WatUns, Albert
OX.A.XA IJAOX \JS jajItJILDjaAO DX VXXXXtO AX^Xr X\/TTX'«0.
v/vv
Xldorado (Butler)
1021 McOluggage, R. T.
SUswOTth (Ellsworth)
ins Bullett, Samuel E.
Smporla (Lyon)
1914 Hftioer, R. M.
1920 Harris, W. a
Brit (Neosbo)
1915 Smith. Ross B.
Fort Soott (Bourbon)
1921 Gory, Charles E.
1921 Keene, A. M.
1916 Sheppard. James O.
Fredonia (Wilson)
1921 Ctoopcr, J. T.
1921 Dunham, B. M.
1921 Edmundson, W. H.
1921 Ifikesell, E. D.
1921 Stryker, J. Lowe
Garden Olty (Finney)
1910 Hutchison, Wm. Easton
Oamott (Anderson)
1911 Bowman, Noah L.
1916 Schoonover, Manford
Glrard (Crawford)
1921 Beezley, George F.
1906 Qaitskill. B. S.
Great Bend (Barton)
1912 Osmond, William
1919 Russell, Russell Coe
Greensbnrf (Kiowa)
1921 Beck, John D.
1918 Davis, John W.
Hiawatha (Brown)
1918 Archer, W. E.
Hvtohinion (Reno)
1921 Burnett, William H.
1911 Martin. F. L.
1912 Simmoae, J. S.
1921 Smith. F. Dumont
Zadependence (IndependetMc)
1921 Armstrpng, Alfred Q.
1914 Biyant, C. J.
1922 Ctourtwright. P. L.
KANSAS
loU (Alien)
1911 Oyler, F. J.
Jnnotion City (Geary)
1912 Humphrey. James V.
City (Wyandotte)
1911 Alden, Maurice L.
1912 Berger, Albert L.
1921 Boddington, Edward M.
1921 Brady. J. H.
1918 Carter, L. O.
1921 Ditzen, Paul H.
1921 Fischer, Edward Louis
1921 Herrod, A. J.
1916 Higgins. Richard J.
1914 McAnany. Edwin S.
1921 Meek, James M.
1922 Mellott, Arthur J.
1921 Pollock, Thomas A.
1914 Robert^n. Fred.
1921 SUnley, Arthur J.
1921 SUnley, Ouy E.
1921 Van Cleve, Thomas M,
1922 Wierenga, H. O.
1921 Wood, William L.
Kingman (Kingman)
1921 Alexander. S. 8.
Kiova (Barber)
1921 Perry. F. F.
Lawrenoe (Douglas)
1911 Burdick, William Livesey
1914 CJlingman, Ord
LeaYenworth (Leavenworth)
1914 Dassler, C. F. W.
Lincoln (Lincoln)
1921 Healy, M. J.
Lyoni (Rice)
1917 Jones, Ben Sam
XoPherson (Mcpherson)
1921 Hendry, Alex S.
1912 Johnson, Frank O.
KarTSViUo (MarahaU)
1914 Redmond. William W.
Xeade (Meade)
1914 Jones. H. Llewelyn
1921 WilBon, Charles O.
Kadlotne Lodge (Barber)
1921 Houck, Adrian 8.
Howtoa (Harvey)
1914 Branine, Bara
Otwogo (Labette)
1905 Clark, Elmer C.
1921 Columbia, Elmer W.
Paola (Miami)
1921 Lowe, Roy 8.
1921 Riley, B. T.
1919 Sheridan, Bernard L.
1914 Sheridan. Frank M.
PartOBi (Labette)
1908 Brown, W. W.
Pittsburg (Crawford)
1906 Campbell, J. J.
1914 Curran, A. J.
1911 Curran, John P.
1915 Dennison, C. S.
1922 Keller, Adam Bruce
1922 McNally, Bbtthew B.
1915 Malcolm, Geo. R.
1922 Pingry, C. O.
1922 VonSchriltz, Guy W.
1915 Wheeler. Frederick B.
Pratt (Pratt)
1921 Barrett, William
Kussell (Russell)
1918 Ruppenthal, Jacob C.
1921 Vogelgesang. Jacob G.
Salina (Saline)
1920 Litowich, B. 1.
1921 Smith, Omer D.
Scott City (Scott)
1921 Bane, Ed. R.
1921 RuaseU, H. A.
8«daa (Ghavtaoqua)
1921 Ferrell, J. A.
Topeka (Shawnee)
1908 Allen, Stephen R.
1919 Austin, Edwin A.
1912 Blair, R. W.
1922 Bureh, R. A.
1922 Bums, Luther
1914 Dawson, John 8.
1914 Dean, John S.
926
AME&IGAN BAA ASSOCIATION.
Topekt (Shawnee) Oont'd
1922 Doran, Thomu F.
1919 Drexming, Prank O.
1914 Perrr, L. S.
1919 FUier, Hugh T.
1922 (Saw, Ralph H.
1905 Gleed, J. WiUis
1916 Hamilton, Clay
1911 Harvey, A. M.
1914 Hite, D. R.
1916 Hogueland, E. H.
1920 Hopkina, Richard J.
1921 Huggina, Wni. L.
1916 Hunt» John L.
1921 Johnston, William A.
1911 Jonea, Howel
1922 Kinkel, John M.
19M Larimer, Jeremiah B.
1919 Lee, Thomaa Amory
1922 Lowrence, W. B.
1928 McDermott, George T.
1922 McKeever, Edwin D.
1918 liaaon, Henry F.
1906 Mulvane, David W.
1922 Painter, D. E.
1906 Porter. Silas
1922 Scott, Alfred A.
1906 Slonecker, J. O.
1889 Smith, Charles Blood
1906 Smith, Charles W.
1922 Smith, William R.
1912 Stone, Robert
1920 Troutman, James A.
1922 Yeale, Tinkham
1922 Webb, Robert L.
1912 West, Judson S.
1922 Wood, Owen J.
Waahington (Washington)
1918 Bennet, Edgar
W«UlngtoB (Summer)
1921 Bradley, John
1921 Lawrence, James
1921 Ready, Wendell
1918 Taggart, B. J.
Wlohlta (Sedgwick)
1921 Adams, John W.
1921 Amidon, S. B.
1921 BUck, Hal If.
1921 Blake, Earl
1911 Brooks, C. H.
1921 Brooks, WiUard
1921 Brubacher, J. A.
1921 Bucklaad, Samuel Ald<
rich
1918 Campbell, J. Graham
Wiohita (Sedgwick) Cont'd
1912 Carey, Joseph G.
1921 Conly, James A.
1921 Cowan, Austin M.
1921 Coz, Qeorge W.
1921 Elcock, Thomas E.
1911 Evans, Earle W.
1921 Foulke, E. L.
1916 IVralston, Robert C
1916 Gardiner, P. D.
1921 Gardner, George
1916 Harris, Vermilion
1921 Hasty, L. A.
1921 Hegler, Benjamin P.
1911 Houston, J. D.
1921 Keith. William
1921 Lampl, Henry
1921 Lilleston, W. F.
1912 Long, Chester I.
1921 McCorkle, Charles A.
1921 McCormick, Ross
1921 McGill, George
1921 Mataon, Cliff A.
1921 Moss, Sidney A.
1912 Noftzger, Thomas A.
1916 Pepperell, William Earl
1921 Pierpont, Grover
1921 Potta, Dempster O.
1921 Sargent, Thornton W.
1921 Siefkin, Ckorge
1920 Stanley, William Eugene
1921 Steams, I. H.
1921 Wall, Jesse D.
1921 Wetmore, Z.
1921 Tankey. (Tharles Q.
AshUnd (Boyd)
1914 Dysard, H. R.
1918 Hager, John F.
1920 Malin, Frank Ck>llins
1920 Prichard, Watt Monroe
1914 Stewart, J. W. M.
1914 Willis, Simeon S.
B&rdw«ll (Carlisle)
1921 Kane, John E.
1922 Shelbonme, R. M.
BeattTTlUe (Lee)
1921 Gourley, Chester
1921 Hurst, Sam
1921 Roberts, J. K.
1921 Rose, Earl B.
Berea (Madison)
1917 Walden, W. B.
Bowling OrMa (Warren)
1922 Logan, M. M.
1906 Settle, Warner Ellroore
1912 Thomas, B. O. P.
1912 Thomas. Thomas W.
Burlington (Boone)
1922 Ril^, B. H.
OanoUton (Carroll)
1921 Howe, John Junior
Oatlotttlmrg (Boyd)
1921 Ooldinm, John P.
1921 Dinkle, Rufus S.
1921 Planneiy, W. H.
1914 Martin, George B.
1918 Williama, James A.
Covington (Kenton)
1921 Adams, Samuel W.
1921 Applegate, Leslie T.
1921 Qatllil, Edward M.
1921 Howard, U. J.
1921 Klette, John H.
1921 Lee, D. OoUins
1921 Menxies, John W.
1921 Murphy, John T.
1922 Ujtn, Harvey
1921 Richmond, John A.
1905 Rouse, Shelley D.
1921 Shepard, John E.
1912 Simmons, Robert C.
1921 Slattery, Tliomaa D.
1922 Stricklett, Alfred B.
Oyntliiana (Harrison)
1921 Swinford, M. C.
Danvttlo (Boyle)
1914 Bagfoy, C. C.
1921 Puryear, Kmmet
Frankfort (Franklin)
1918 Clay, Wm. Rogers
1921 Dawson, Charles I.
1914 Edelen, T. L.
1916 McGregor, Thomaa B.
1922 O'Rear, Edward a
Franklin (Simpson)
1922 Moore, C. &
Fnlton (Fulton)
1916 Out, Frank
Glasgow (Barren)
1916 Portor, W. JL
STATE LIST OF MEMBBB8 BY CITIES A
Qnjnon (Qarter)
1912 Theobald, Thos. Dudley
Or«eiiTilllB (MuUcnberff)
1914 Eaves, St. OUir
1916 Taylor, E. A.
HArUn (Harlan)
1922 Jones, D. 0.
Earrodibvrf (Mercer)
1921 Gaither, E. H.
Hertford (Ohio)
1921 Kirk, Arthur D.
Henderson (Henderson)
1920 Vance, Robert D.
1912 Worsbam, John O.
1907 Teaman, James M.
1920 Teaman, Malcolm
Kodf enviUe (Lame)
1921 Mather, O. M.
EopUnavllle (ChrisUan)
1921 BeU, Douglas
1922 McOarroU, Joe
1921 Rives, Frank
1921 Wood, Hunter
Irvine (Estill)
1921 Miller, OUrence
1921 RiddeU, Hugh
1922 Walker, John W.
Jaekion (Breathitt)
1921 Bach, Qrannis
1922 Pollard, O. H.
Lezlnf ton (Fayette)
1920 Adams, Ohester D.
1899 Allen, John R.
1916 Botts, Joseph S.
1918 Ohalkley, Lyman
1921 Ohapman, Virgil
1921 Harbison, Clinton M.
1921 Hobbs, William C. G.
1916 Hunt, George R.
1914 Hutchinson, £. L.
1921 Kash, Kelly
1921 LaiTerty, W. T.
1908 McDonald, Edward h.
1908 Stoll. Richard C.
1921 Thompson, Grover C.
1921 Thompeon, Linzy O.
1921 Townsend, William H.
30
XBNTTTCXT
Lezintton (Fayette) Cont'd
921 Walton, Matt 8.
912 Wilson, Samuel M.
921 Vantis, Samuel S.
Lovisa (Lawrence)
921 See, 0. V,, Jr.
LonifTiUe (Jefferson)
901 Allen, Lafon
912 Attkisson, Eugene R.
896 Baskln, John B.
921 Benainger, Arthur B.
906 Bingham, Robert W.
911 Booth, Percy N.
910 Brown, Eli H., Jr.
894 Bruce, Helm
900 BuUitt, Wm. Manhall
914 Carroll, A. J.
920 Clarke, William F., Jr.
921 (Conner, J. Verser
908 Cox, Attila, Jr.
922 (]oyle. Prank
911 Oawford. William W.
918 Dale, W. Pratt
908 Doolan, John C.
915 DulBn, James R.
921 Eagles, William B.
912 Edwards, Davis W.
916 Gordon, R. G.
921 Gregory, James P.
921 Gregory, William Voris
897 Grubbs. Charles a
914 Haswell, John P., Jr.
918 Helm, Thomas Kennedy
918 Hickman, Lindley Allison
908 Hieatt, Clarence C.
909 Hopkins, Arthur E.
922 Hubbard, Eugene
914 Humphrey, Alexander P.
914 Jouett, Edward S.
919 Kinkead, CHeves
921 Laurent, Joseph S.
921 Lazarus, Joseph
921 Lee, Howard B.
896 McDerroott, Edward J.
922 McDowell, R. A.
896 MacPherson, Ernest
914 Marshall, Burwell Keith
914 Middleton, Charles G.
917 Miller, Robert K.
919 Moorman, Charles H.
912 Norman, J. V.
920 Northcutt, William A.
922 Phelps, Lilbum
901 Ray, Charles T.
915 Rutledge, Arthur M.
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
II
It
1(
1(
1{
19
Ifi
19
18
928
AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION.
PaduoAh (McOracken) Cont'd
10S2 McDoMld, John K., Jr.
1006 Mocquot, James D.
1904 Reed, Wniiam M.
1006 Wbeeler, 0. K.
1916 Wheeler, James G.
Paffe^ille (Barren)
1907 Woods, Edffar H.
Paxil (Bourbon)
1917 Clay. Brutus J.
1921 Dickson, Emmett M.
1914 Dundon, Denis
PlkevlUe (Pike)
1914 Auxier, Andrew E.
1921 Barrett, W. W.
1917 Cooper, R. H.
1914 Harman, Thomu H.
PlneylUe (Bell)
1909 Ayrea, William
1909 Culvert, Cleon K.
1900 Davis, WUliam T.
1921 Gilbert, James M.
1906 Jeffries, James H.
1909 Patterson, Newton Reid
Preitonharf (Floyd)
1921 Combs, B. F.
Princeton (Caldwell)
1914 Gates, John Calhoun
Kiokmond (McHenry)
1922 Oldham, R. 0.
1918 Parrish, Stephen D.
BnaMlMUe (Logan)
1922 Crewdson, S. R.
1920 Feltz, E. J.
1921 Taylor, Coleman
Soottiyilla (Allen)
1922 Gniiam, W. D.
BhelhTTilla (Shelby)
1918 Todd, John King
Bmlthland (Liyingston)
1921 Ferguson, Charles
Someriet (Pulaski)
1921 Kennedy, H. C.
1920 Smith, Ben D.
XEKTUOXT— L0VI8IAVA
' Btandford (Lincoln)
1917 Saunders, J. N.
•
yeraalUei (Woodford)
1918 Davis, William O.
Wiillamitown (Grant)
1922 Harrison, F. A.
Winohester (Clark)
1921 Jouett, Beverley E.
LOUISIANA
AlezandrU (Rapids)
1921 Blackman, W. F.
1920 Hawthorn, Johr William«
son
1921 Holloman, T. W.
1921 Holloman, W. E.
1921 Overton, John H.
1916 Thornton, Ralph S.
1921 Thornton, S. 0.
1909 White, H. H.
1919 White, Richard Franklin
Amite (Tangipahoa)
1900 Ellis, S. D.
1907 Kemp, Bolivar E.
AroadU (Bienville)
1922 Goff. W. D.
Baton Rouge (E. Baton
Rouge)
1922 Barrow, Wylie M.
1909 Brunot, H. P.
1914 Ooss, T. Jones
1922 Moyse, Herman
1921 Porter, O. V., Jr.
191^ Taylor, B. B.
1911 TuUis, Robert L.
1909 Wall, Isaac D.
Oolumhla (Caldwell)
1922 Thombill, J. B.
Oovington (St. Tammany)
1921 Miller. B. M.
Orowley (Acedia)
1910 Carmouche, W. J.
1914 Chappuis, Philip J.
De Bidder (Beauregard)
I 1921 Powell, Prank E.
DonaldeonTlUe (Ascension)
1921 Lemann, Walter
FameiriUe (Union)
1921 Field, H. G.
Fraaklln (St. Maiy)
1920 Brumby, Robert E.
1918 Himel, Rene H.
1920 Kramer, Paul
1922 Saint, Percy
4 FraaUiaton (Washington)
1921 Ott, ICagee W.
Kovma (Terrebonne)
1921 Caillouet, A. J.
1919 EUender, Allen J.
1922 Wallis, H. M., Jr.
Jenningf KJefferson Daris)
1921 Robira, John J.
Lafayette (LafayetU)
1921 DeBaillon, Dan
1914 Mouton, Orther O.
Lake Obarlei (Calcaeieu)
1918 Bell, U. A.
1910 Cline, J. D.
1021 Edwards, Thomas Arthur
1021 Gayle, Edwin F.
1919 Kaufman, Elias R.
1919 King, AlTin O.
1917 McOpy, Charles Arthur
1914 Plauche, Thomas C.
1919 Porter, Thomas Fitsger-
ald
1904 Pujo, Arsene P.
1919 Stone, Robert Raymond
1916 Sugar, Leon
Lake Provldenoe (E. Carroll)
1914 Oilfoil, James H., Jr.
LeesTllle (Vemoa)
1921 Hardin, C. E.
Kaaifleld (De Soto)
1921 Liverman, H. T.
Xooroe (Ouachita)
1921 Briggs, Henry D.
1916 Hudson, Frederick Gray.
Jr.
1921 McHenry. Carl H.
1981 Munholland, John M.
BTATJS ItlST Of J&KMJSlfiilS BX UITIBB AHV TOWf4B.
yi6\f
(OuachiU) Ooot'd
1018 Sbolars, Allan
1900 Stubbs, Frank P.
1014 Them, Jobn C.
Hapol6MivlU« (Aamimption)
1022 Talbot, Aubert L.
HatohltoohM (Natchitocbea)
1021 Breazeale, Phanor
1000 Oarrer, M. H.
1021 Dianrakea, If. L.
1018 Scarborough, D. C.
New IbmrU Gberia)
1014 Burke, Walter J.
1022 Vuillemot. E.
1018 Weeks, Edward T.
New Orle&ne (Orleans)
1000 Adems, St. Olalr
1017 Baker. J. O.
1018 Beer, Scott E.
1021 Bell, William A.
1022 Benedict, Percy S.
1022 Bond« Nat. W.
1802 Bowers, E. J.
1900 Breaux, Joseph A.
1020 Brewer, Joseph H.
1021 Bruna, James Henry
1021 Bruns, T. M. Logan
1012 Bums, Louis Henry
1002 Oahn, Edgar U.
1000 Canoll, Charles
1006 Carroll, Jos. W.
1000 Garter, B. J.
1021 Carter, Howell, Jr.
1000 ChslTe, D. B. H.
1016 Ohaffe, Henry H.
1014 Claiborne, Ohas^F.
1022 Cocke, B. J.
1000 Oboo, A. V.
ion Cooper, A. W.
1021 Daly, Bernard J.
1011 Dansiger, Alfred David
1022 Dart, Benjamin W.
1888 Dart, Henry P.
1010 Dart, Henry P., Jr.
1022 Dart, John
1000 Davey, John C.
1021 De La Vergne, Hughes J.
1021 De Lucas, Clarence
18S8 Denegre, Oeorge
1801 Denegre, Walter D.
1021 Doyle, Warren
1021 Dreyfous, FeUz J.
LomsLurA
New Orleant' (Orleans)
Cont'd
1021 Dreyfous, George A.
1000 Duchamp, Charles A.
1008 Dufour, H. Oeneres
1008 Dufour, WiUiam C.
1011 D3rmond, John, Jr.
1914 Fayasoux, William IfcL.
1000 Fenner, Charles Payne
1018 Fletchinger, Charles F.
1021 Fortier, James J. A.
1014 Foster, Rufus E.
1011 Friedrichs, Carl C.
1022 Gamble, Harry
1010 Qesaner, Jessy Benedict
1016 Oidiere, Philip S.
1022 Gill, Charles G.
1000 Gleason, Walter L.
1011 Goldberg, Abraham
1016 Grace, John D.
1021 Grant, William Bullitt
1022 Gross, Josiah
1021 Guioff, Walter
1021 Hamraett, H. L.
1921 Hammond, Arthur B.
1011 Hart, Frank Wm.
1808 Hart, W. 0.
1021 Heller, Isaac S.
1022 Henri^iues, Edouard F.
1011 Henriques, James C.
1018 Henry, Burt W.
1021 Hero, William Sommer
1021 Hollingsworth, J. C.
1018 Jones, W. Cstesby
1022 Kaiser, H. W.
1021 Kammer, Alfred Charles
1018 Keman, Benjamin W.
1021 Kleinert, Edward P.
1012 Lazarus, Eldon Spencer
1005 Leake, Hunter C.
1888 Legendre, James
1011 Lemdnn, Monte M.
1007 Lemle, Gustave
1015 Leovy, Victor
1021 Lererich, Watts K.
1011 Lewis, Walter Stanford
1010 Loeber, Florence
1022 McCloskey, John J.
1890 HcClosky, Bernard
1878 Merrick, Edwin T.
1900 Miller. John D.
1909 Milling, R. E.
1909 Milner, Pumell M.
1014 Monroe, Frank A.
1000 Monroe, J. Blanc
1012 Montgomery, Richard B.
1000 Mooney, Henry
j
New Orleans (Orleaim)
Cont'd
000 Moore, I. D.
,022 Nix, Jno. D.
014 OUvier, Pierre D.
022 0*Niell, Charles A.
021 Ory, Benjamin
000 Overton, Winston
.000 Parsons, Edward A.
021 Peres, John R.
004 Perkins, Robert J.
000 Peters, Arthur J.
014 Phelps, Esmond
022 Pomes, Emlle
022 Provoety, Michel
022 Provoety, Olivier O.
021 Prowell, Jones T.
022 Quintero, J. Marshall
021 Rsult,* Joseph M.
017 Rice, Frazer Lea
021 Rivet, Charles J.
022 Rogers, Wynne O.
01} Rosen, Chsrles
018 Saal, Irving R.
021 Schreiber, Oacer
912 Schwars, Ralph J.
921 SoMler, David
921 Sompeyrac, Paul A.
911 Soule, Frank
900 Spearing, J. Zach
012 Spencer, Walker Brainerd
ro Stafford, Ethelred M.
017 Stents, VaL J.
018 Sullivan, John P.
020 Suthon, WalUr J., Jr.
906 Terriberiy, Oeorge H.
900 Theard, Charles J.
916 Theard, Delvaille H.
900 Thilborger, Edward J.
Oil Titche, Bernard
000 Tobin, John F.
000 Wagucspack, W. J.
000 Waldo, John F. C.
010 Wall, W. W.
914 Weis, J^derick S.
917 Weiss, Sol.
921 Westerfleld, WUliam W.
916 Wolf, Benjamin Y.
918 Wolf, Samuel
917 WoodviUe. J. L. Warren
917 Woodville, John A.
017 Tounr, William Waller
New Beads (Folate Coupee)
1021 Bouanchaud, Hewitt
1022 Morrison, J. H.
1020 Provoety, Albin
930
AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION.
Opolouai (St. Landry)
1809 Dubulason, B. B.
19XL Perrault, L. L.
PU4lieiliiii« (Iberville)
1922 Schwiiiff, C. K.
EasnrlU« (Richland)
1922 EUiB, O. J.> Jr.
1921 Smith, Qeorge Wesley
Bviton (Lincoln)
1921 Crow, J. B.
8t. FrancUvlUe (W. FeU-
ciana)
1909 Lftwraaon, 8. IfcC.
Shreveport ^(3addo)
189S Alexander, Taliaferro
1921 Aikinaon, J. S.
1900 Browne, E. Wayles
1921 Freyer, A. B.
1921 Goldstein, Elias
1921 Hardin, J. Fair
1909 Herold, S. L.
1915 Jack, George Whitfield
1921 Jackson, J. H.
1921 LeRosen, Arthur A.
1921 Long, H. P.
1921 Long, Julius T.
1921 Looney, F. J.
1922 Mills, Edward P.
1921 Morgan, Cecil
1921 O'Quin, Leon
1918 Palmer, James G.
1909 Randolph, Bdwar^ R.
1921 Robertson, T. W.
1921 Samuel, David B.
1909 Story, Hampden
1921 Walker, H. C, Jr.
1921 Wilkinson, W. 8.
Tallnlah (Madison)
1914 Snyder, Jeif B.
Thlbodftnz (Lafourche)
1921 Caillouet, L. E.
1921 Oaillouet, L. P.
1921 Knobloch, Francis L.
VidAlU (ConcordU)
1922 Bullis, G. P.
1881 TuUit, Hugh
Winniboro (Franklin)
1922 Moore, E. B.
LOXmiAVA^KAINE
XAIHS
Auburn (Androscoggin)
1907 Morrill, John A.
1907 Wing, George O.
Augiwte (Kennebee)
1907 Bassett, Norman L.
1907 Cornish, Leslie G.
1914 Philbrook, Warren 0.
1907 Whitehouse, William P.
Bangor (Penobscot)
1891 Appleton, Frederick H.
1918 Burgess, James H.
1919 Conquest, Edward J.
1907 Gillin, P. H.
1922 Hart, Henry J.
1907 Mitchell, Henry L.
1907 Ryder, Erastus C.
1907 Smith, Bertram L.
1912 Thompson, George E.
1912 Wilson, John
Bar Karbor (Hancock)
1907 Deaay, Lucre B.
Bath (Sagadahoc)
1907 Bewail, Harqjd M.
1907 Trott, Joseph M.
Belfast (Waldo)
1907 Dunton, Robert F.
1917 Ritchie, Arthur
Biddeford (York)
1918 Uamel, Henry 0.
Bruniwick (Cumberland)
1911 Potter, Barrett
1922 Wheeler, Edward W.
Calais (Waahiugton)
1919 Dudley, Herbert J.
1919 Jewett, Reed V.
Canton (Oxford)
1907 Swaaey. John P.
East XachUs (Washington)
1914 Bogue, Frederick
Eastport (Washington)
1919 Newoomb, Lincoln H.
ElUworth (Hancock)
I 1896 Hamlin. Hannibal E.
Farmington (Franklin)'
1907 Butler, Frank W.
1912 Richards, Elmer E.
Freeport (Cumberland)
1918 Randall, Robert £.
Oardlner (Kennebec)
1913 Gardiner, Robert H.
1921 Gardiner, William Tudoi
Oorham (Cumberland)
1913 Waterman, John A.
Lowiiton (Androscoggin)
1917 Carter, Ghariea B.
1907 Newell, William H.
1898 Skelton, William B.
Lisbon (Androscoggin)
1919 Jordan, Percie D.
Maohiaa (Washington)
1907 Donworth, CHement B.
Mattonal Soldlen Horn*
(Kennebec)
1910 Cyooke, Robert B.
Orono (Penobscot)
1914 Dunn, Charles J.
1907 Peabody, Clarence W.
Portland (Oimberland)
1916 Bennan, Jacob H.
1886 Bird, George B.
1922 Bodge, Eugene L.
1916 Booth, Charles D.
1907 Bradley, WUliam M.
1919 Brewster, Ralph O.
1914 Chaplin, Carroll &
1917 CHapman. Pblllp F.
1912 CliiTord, PhiUp G.
1922 Connolly, Joseph E. F.
1803 (Took, Charles Sumner
1917 Oam, Rany L.
1916 Dana, John F.
1922 Donahue, Charlea L.
1922 Dow, Frederick N.
1922 Dyer, Isaac W.
1891 Hale, Clarence
1919 Hale, Robert
1918 Hall. Willis &
1922 Haskell, Frank H.
1907 Hutchinaon, Charles U
1907 Ingrabam, Wm. M.
1907 Johnson, Charles F.
1907 Knowlton, William J.
^31
laion)
d
I.
J.
I
"Hold
luett
!.
vd
938
AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION.
B4ltlmo(re (B«ltiiD<M)
OontM
1918 Ifendels, Solomon
1914 Merriken, Charles L.
1918 Meyer, Lee S.
1914 Miehling, Edwwd
1916 Morflt, Mason P.
1916 Morrow, Chester. F.
1911 Moses, Jacob M.
1914 Mullen, James Morflt
1918 Mullikin, Addison E.
1914 Murphy, John L. V.
1918 New, Jacob S.
1916 Nice, Harry Whinna
1904 Niles, Alfred a
1914 Nitzel, Henry M.
1919 Ober, Frank B.
1911 O'Brien, WiUiam J., Jr.
1911 O'Dunne, Eugene
1914 Packard, Joseph
1922 Parker, W. Ainsworth
1919 Paterson, John G.
1914 Pearre, Aubrey, Jr.
1919 Perlman, Philip B.
1918 Piper, James
1918 Pirscher, William F.
1918 Poe, Edgar Allan
1910 Pratt, James R.
1920 Raddiffe, George L.
1915 Randall, Daniel R.
1918 Rawls, William L.
1911 Rich, Edward N.
1914 Richardson, John H.
1916 Riggs, Laurie H.
1911 Rose, John O.
1916 Rosenbush, Myer
1914 Sadtler, Howard P.
1918 Sanford, John L.
1911 Sappington, Augustine
De R.
1914 Sappington, Edward H.
1911 Sappington, O. Ridgely
1913 Sauerwein, E. Allan, Jr.
1918 Semmes, J. E., Jr.
1914 Shriyer, Alfred J.
1916 Shriver, Mark 0., Jr.
1918 Singley, Frederick J.
1914 Skeen. John Henry
1913 Slingluff, Jesse
1911 Slingluff, R. Lee
1922 Smith, Q. Tyler
1916 Smith, Horton S.
1917 Smith, R. Marsden
1917 Smith, Richard Wallace
1916 Smith, W. Conwell
1914 Snowden, Wilton, Jr.
1913 Soper, Morris A.
1921 Sparks, Laban
KABTLAVD
Baltimore (Baltimora)
Cont'd
1916 SUntoD, Robert F.
1914 Stein, Charles F.
1916 Stockbridge. Enos S.
1900 Stockbridge, Henry
1914 Stuart, Albert R.
1907 Surratt, William H.
1919 Sykes, Archibald
1918 Tall, Webster C.
1911 Taylor, Archibald H.
1912 Thom, J. Pembroke
1916 Tiffany, Herbert T.
1907 Tippett, Richard B.
1914 Trippe, James McO.
1918 Tucker, John T.
1916 Tyson, A. Morris
1914 Warfleld, F. Howard
1893 Waten, J. S. T.
1911 Wattenscheidt, C. R.
1914 Watts, Philip B.
1914 Wheltle, John B. A.
1914 Williams, George Weems
1901 WillUras, Henry W.
1914 Williams, Raymond S.
1921 Willis, Luther M. R.
1916 Wright, J. Purdon
1919 Yost, George S.
Bel Air (Harford)
1916 Carver, Harry S.
1914 Close, Philip H.
1921 Harlan, William H.
'1&21 Preston, Walter W.
1911 Robinson, Thomas U.
1921 Webster, Edwin H.
1896 Williams, S. A.
Beltsville (Prince Georges)
1914 Beall, Fillmore
Cambridge (Dorchester)
1913 Pattison, John R.
Centreyllle (Queen Annee)
1916 Legg, J. H. C.
Chestertown (Kent)
1921 Barroll, Hope H.
Chevy Chase (Montgomery)
1922 Sullivan, William C.
OhiUum (Prince Georges)
1916 Ray, J. Enos, Jr.
Oriifleld (Somerset)
1921 Robins, John B.
Cnmberlaiid (AUegany)
1908 Boyd, A. Hunter 0
1914 Capper, Walter a
1902 Devecmon, William C.
1902 Doub, Albert A.
1921 McMuUen, Hugh A., Jr.
1914 MacDonald, Robert
1914 Pearre, George A.
1921 Somerville, Wm. M.
1914 Whiting, F. Brooke
1911 Williams, Ferdinand
Denton (Caroline)
1905 Goldsboroagh, T. Alan
1914 Owens, Fred R.
Eaiton (Talbot)
1^ Adkins, William H.
1916 Shehan, Wm. Mason
Blkton (Cecil)
1914 McCuUough, Heniy M.
1916 Squier, James W.
SlUoott City (Howard)
1916 Clark, James
1920 Donovan, Joseph L.
Frederick (Frederick)
1912 HamweU, Frederick W.
1911 Umer, Hammond
Froitburg (Allegany)
1901 Pumell, Clayton
Garrett Park (Montgomery)
1918 Brown, Walter N.
Oarriion (Baltimore)
1914 McLane, Allan
Oreeniboro (Caroline)
1922 Goldsborough, W. Laird
Eagerstown (Washington)
1921 Brindel, Harry
1921 Harshman, J. Llo}-d
1921 Raylor, Omer T.
1921 Keedy, Henry H., Jr.
1916 Long, Albert J.
1919 McGauley, Robert H.
1914 Mason, J. Auguatine
1921 Stonebraker, Levin
Havre De Grace (Haifoid)
1916 Fahey, Micted H.
^
I
934
AMEBICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
Botton (Suffolk) Oont'd
1018 Outsy, John H.
1014 OtTtnagh, James F.
1016 Ohamberlin, Lafayette B.
mx Chandler, Albert Ifinot
1880 Chandler, Alfred D.
1011 Channing, Heory Morse
1022 Chapin, E. Barton
1016 Charak, William
1010 Ghaae, Frederic H.
1018 Chaae, Herbert M.
1010 Child, Samuel M.
1018 Choat«, Charles F., Jr.
1018 Church, Elliott Bradford
1016 Clapp, dift Sogers
1006 Clark, Chester W.
1801 Clark, I. B.
1017 Clark, James N.
1011 Clark, Ljrman K.
1011 Clarke, Arthur F.
1006 Coakley, Daniel H.
1011 Ooale, George O. O.
1010 Codman, Julian
1011 Cohen, Abraham K.
1021 Cohen, Franklin M.
1010 Coit, George Chandler
1022 Coleman, Greta C.
1011 Colt, James D.
1016 Comins, Danforth W.
1010 Oomstock, A. Barr
1021 Conry, Joseph A.
1021 Cook. Bobert A. B.
1016 Ooolidge, Harold J.
1801 Coolidge, William H.
mi Corbett, Joseph J.
1018 Corcoran, Declan W.
1010 Comeau, Barton •
1801 Cotter, James E.
1011 Cox, Guy W.
1016 Cronan, John F.
1011 Ctosbj, J. Porter
1010 Crowley, John E.
1801 Cunningham, Frederic
1022 Curtis, Charles P., Jr.
1022 Cushing, Gewge If.
1018 Gushing, Grafton D.
1010 Cushman, Henry O.
1010 Cushman, Bobert
1012 Cusick, John F.
1010 Cutler, George C, Jr.
1081 Daly, Edwar J G.
1021 Dane, Wslter A.
1011 Darling, Charles K.
1011 Davenport, Charles M.
1016 Davis, Charles Thornton
1011 Davis, Harold 8.
1011 Davis, Harrison M.
1018 DaviSi Samud
MAStAOSVBETTS
Boiton (Suffolk) Cont'd
1010 Dealtry, Clarence W.
1011 Dean, Josiah 8.
1016 Dean, Paul Dudley
1010 DeOourcy, Charles A.
1010 Denio, F. Winchester
1006 Dennison, Jos. A.
1018 Devlin, James H.
1912 Dexter, Philip
1910 Dickerman, Frank E.
1018 Dickinson, Charles
1913 Dickson, George C.
1887 Dillawsy, W. E. L.
1801 Dodge, Frederic
1011 Dodge. Bobert G.
1021 Dolan, Harry F. B.
1016 Donahue, Joseph Joyce
1012 Donald, Malcolm
1010 Dorr, Dudley H.
1916 Dorsey, James A.
1012 Dowse, William B. H.
1914 Dunbar, Balph W.
1011 Dunbar, William H.
1018 Dunn, Henry W.
1018 Earoes, Burton E.
1010 Eaton, Frederick W.
1021 Ehrlich, Harry E.
1021 Ehrmann, Herbert B.
1911 Elder, Charles R.
1016 Eldredge, Clarence F.
1018 Eliot, Amory
1911 Ellis, David A.
1016 Ells, John H.
1016 Emerson, A. Silver
1014 Emery, Frederick L.
1016 Endicott, William C.
1011 Ensign, Charles S., Jr.
1918 Everts, William P.
1918 Fagan, Joseph P.
1921 Fahey, llichael L.
1911 Farley, John Wells
1911 Famham, Frank A.
1916 Farrer, J. Arnold
1918 Feeney, John P.
1919 Feinberg, Philip J.
1911 Fcrber, J. Bernard
1916 Ferdinand, Arthur G.
1922 Femald, Fred A.
1919 Fickett, Balph S.
1916 Field, Elias
1911 Field, Fred T.
1017 Fischer, Frederic L.
1021 Pish, Erland F.
1886 Fish, Frederick P.
1010 Fitzgerald, Wm. T. A.
1010 Flaherty, William
1011 Flint, Albert F.
1014 Fopiano, Albert B.
BMtoB (Suffolk) Oont'd
1010 Forbush, Frank M.
1016 Ford, Lawrence A.
1021 Vortt, Felix
1010 Fosdick, Frederick W.
1801 Foster, Alfred D.
lOU Foster, Frederick
1881 Foster. Reginald
1016 Foster, Walter H.
1010 Fboc, Isfdor
1904 French, Asa P.
ion Friedman, Lee Max
1081 VYost, Donald McKay
UIO Ftart, Bobert W.
1S16 F^oChingham, Bandolpb
1910 GarceloB, Alonao H.
1911 OaroeKm, Wm. P.
1010 Gardiner. Bobert H., Jr.
1018 GaHleld, IrHn McD.
1014 Garland. Fnmds P.
1010 Gary, Flank B. &
1016 Gaston, William A.
ion Gcrstetai, Carl
1918 Gloag, Balph W.
1911 Goodale, Francis O.
1921 Goodhue, L. Oishing
1911 Goodwin, Bobert K.
1010 Goulston, Edward 8.
1016 Grabill, Ethelbert T.
1010 Grant, Alexander O.
1017 Grant, <3eorge B.
1028 Grant, Bobert
1011 Grant, Walter B.
1018 Orausteln, Archibald R.
1016 Gray, Morris
1016 Gray, Roland
1081 Green, Louis L.
1016 Grimes, James W.
1007 Grinnell, Prank W.
1010 Oriswold, Merrill
1921 Guild, Horace
1911 Hadley, Eugene J.
1904 Hale, Richard W.
1916 Hall, Alfred S.
1011 Hall, Damon E.
1011 Hall, F. Rockwood
1910 Hall, Martin T.
1010 Hall, William S.
1011 Halloran. James Ambrose
1011 Hallowell, J. Mott
1007 Hannlgan, John S.
1016 Harris, Samuel T.
1010 Haskell. Harold C.
1011 Raskins, David Orecne.
Jr.
1081 Hatton, James A.
1018 Hiyden, A. F.
1011 Heard, Nathan
STATE LIST OF MEMBERS BY CITIES AND TOWNS.
935
BMton (Suffolk) OontM
1878 Hemenwajf Alfred
1914 Hendricks, Philip A.
1919 Herr, Henry p.
1915 Herrick, Robert F.
1911 Hiffbt, Olarence Albert
1904 Hill, Arthur Debon
1911 HiU, Donald Mackay
1919 Hill, Luther
1911 Hills, George E.
1911 Hitchcock, Wm. Harold
1911 Hoague, Theodore
1922 Hoar, Samuel
1980 Hodgdon, Waldo Colbum
1918 Hodf ea, George C.
1911 Holland, Bert E.
19K1 Holmes, Hector IL
1S19 Holmes, Sybil H.
1919 Holt, Robert H.
19U Homans, Robert
1919 Hooper, James M.
1911 Hooper, 8. Henry
1919 BbrbUt, Mark M.
1911 Horn, Everett B.
1916 Hubbard, Paul If.
1911 Hughes, John T.
1921 Hunt, Thomas
1898 Hnrlbutt, Heniy F.
1919 Hurlbutt, Henry F., Jr.
1919 Burwitx, Samuel
19C9 Hutchings, Henry M.
1919 Hutchios, Edward
19U Hntchins, Edward W.
1904 Innea, Charles H.
1919 iTes, Frederick M.
1919 Jackson, James F.
1921 Jackson, William K.
1919 Jacobs, Joseph B.
1911 Jaooto, PhiUp W.
1910 James, EUerton
1919 Jenney, Charles F.
1910 Jenney, Edwin C.
1918 Johnson, Arthur T.
1891 Johnson, Benjamin N.
1990 Johnson, Kelvin M.
1911 Johnson, Reginald H.
1919 Johnston, Richard E.
1919 Jones, John C, Jr.
1918 Jones, Matt B.
1911 Jones, Nathaniel N.
1907 Jones, Stephen R.
1911 Jordan, Michael J.
19U Joslin, Ralph Edgar
1910 Kaplan, Jacob J.
1918 Keating, Cornelius F.
1911 Keating, Patrick M.
1919 Xcefe, Joseph P.
1891 KeUen, William V.
KAB8A0H1f8STT8
Boston (Suffolk) Cont'd
1911 Kelley, James Edward
1921 Kelly, Joseph O.
1911 Kelly, Tliomas
1910 Kelly, William J.
1919 Keniston, Davis B.
1911 Kenny, Thomas J.
1919 Ketchum, Phillips
1911 Kimball, George Everett
1921 King, Hervey W.
1919 King, Stanley
1919 Kneeland, William A.
1914 Knight, Henry P.
1914 Knowlton, Frank W.
1909 Krauthoff, Edwin A.
1916 Lanning, Charles D.
1921 Lavelle, Frank A.
1921 Lawrence, George Chan-
ning
1919 Lawrence, Van Court-
landt
1911 Lawton, Frederick
1911 Leveroni, Frank
1907 Lewenberg, Solomon
1916 Lewis, Paul Murray
1911 Uwia, William H.
1916 Light, Robert W.
1913 Lincoln, Albert L.
1911 Lincoln, Alexander
1919 Unscott, Daniel C.
1911 Linscott, Frank K.
1921 Little, Albert E.
1911 Little, Amos R.
1921 Loomis, Elihu O.
1911 Lord, Arthur
1916 Loring, A. P.
1911 Loring, Victor J.
1918 Loring, William Caleb
1911 Lothrop, TlK>mton K.,
Jr.
1916 Lourie, David A«
1914 Lourie, Moses S.
1911 Lowell, James A.
1904 Lowell, John
1921 Luce, Robert
1919 Lynde, A. Selwyn
1921 Lyne, Daniel J.
1911 McAnamey, John W.
1918 McCallum, William Shaw
1911 McClennen, Edward K.
1907 McConnell, James E.
1911 McDonough,, Charles A.
1919 Mclntire, Frederic May
1914 McLellan, Hugh D.
1919 Maguire, John M.
1918 Mahan, Mary Agnes
1921 MaUey, John F.
1919 Maloney, David J.
BoitOB (SuflSolk) Cont'd
1910 Maloney, John M.
1914 Mansfield, Frederick W.
1911 Marden, Oscar A.
1919 Marshall, Andrew
1911 May, Marcus B.
1919 Mayberry, Lowell A.
1919 Maynard, Robert W.
1919 Merriam, John M.
1912 Metzler, Curtis G.
1911 Michelman, Joseph
1921 Miller, WiUUm J.
1916 Milliken, Arthur N.
1919 MitcheU, John J.
1918 Mitton, Arthur G.
1921 Monk, Wesley E.
1919 Montgomery, Robert H.
1916 Morris, Parker D.
1922 Morrison, Barnard
1922 Morrison. Heniy t
1911 Morse, William A.
1904 Morton, Marcus
1922 Motley, J. Lothrop
1918 Motley, Warren
1911 Mowatt, Frederick W.
1919 Muldoon, Frederick J.
1921 Mulligan, Henry O.
1916 Mttllin, Francis R.
1911 Murchie, Guy
1921 Murphy, John R.
1916 Murray, Wendell P.
1919 Nash, Frederick H.
1916 Nash, Nathaniel C. Jr.
1911 Nay, Frank N.
1918 Neal, John F.
1921 Nelson, William
1922 Nesmith, Fisher H.
1911 Newell, James M.
1919 Newton, (Clarence L.
1918 Niccolls, Francis A.
1921 Nichols, John R.
1919 Nichols, Philip
1916 Noble, John
1918 Noble, William M.
1911 Norwood, C. Augustus
1904 Nutter, Geo. R.
1018 O'Brien, lliomaa C.
1915 O'Connell, Daniel T.
1919 O'Coipell, James E.
1911 O'Connell, Joseph F.
1922 O'Donnell, Frank P.
1911 Ogden, Hugh W.
1906 Olmstead, James M.
1918 O'Loughlin, Patrick
19n Ong, Eugene W.
1911 Osgood, William N.
1918 Palmer, Bradley W.
1922 Palmer, Henry W.
936
AKERICAN BAB A68O0IATION.
Boftoa (Suffolk) Cont'd
1004 Parker, Herbert
1911 Parker, PhiUp 8.
1922 Partridge, Russell O.
1919 Patten, Francis B.
1911 Peabody, Francis
1906 Pelletier, Joseph a
1919 Perkins, Charles F.
1911 Perkins. Thomas N.
1918 Petitti, Jerome A.
1907 Pevey, Gilbert A A
1912 Phipps, George V.
1911 Pickering, Henry Qod-
dard
1918 Pickman, Dudley U, Jr.
1919 Pierce, Charles S.
19ia Pierce, Edward P-
1919 Pike. Addison R.
1919 Pinanski, A. E.
1921 Pinkham, Walter Samuel
1922 Power, Clara L.
1921 Powers, Leland
1911 Powers, Samuel L.
1916 Powers, Walter
1916 Proctor, Joseph O., Jr.
1891 Proctor, Thomas W.
1922 Pullen, William h.
1916 Putnam, F. Delano
1899 Putnam, Wm. L.
1922 Quinby, WilUam
1909 Rackemann, Charles S.
1911 Rackemann, Felix
1919 Ranney, Dudley P.
1891 Ranney, Fletcher
1911 Raymond, Robert F.
1921 Reading, Arthur K.
1916 Rice, Albert W.
1911 Rice, John C.
1921 Rice, William C.
1916 Rich, Edgar J.
1911 Richards, Albin L.
1918 Richardson, Conrad Pratt
1922 Richardson, John
1918 Richardson, John-S.
1894 Richardson, W. K.
1919 Richmond, Harris M.
1916 Roberts, Leonard Q.
1919 Roberts, Odin
1921 Rogerson, Charles M.
1911 Rubenstein, Philip
1911 Buggies, Daniel B.
1916 Russell, Arthur H.
1911 Russell, J. Porter
1916 Ryder, R. L.
1919 Saltonstall, Endicott P.
1911 SaltonsUU, Richard M.
1916 Sampson, Harry Lc Baron
1919 Santry, Arthur J.
XASSAOHirBEXTB
Boston (Suffolk) Ck>nt*d
1921 Sargent, George McC.
1919 Savary, E. H.
1921 Sawyer, Meyer J.
1886 Scaife, lAuriston L.
1921 Scannell, J. Frank
1916 Schaefer, Albert A.
1918 Schell, William L
19U Sears, William B.
1918 Selfridge, Arthur J.
1911 Shattuck, Henry Lee
1921 Shea, William H.
1919 She^an, John Louis
1916 Sheenan, Frederick M. J.
1911 Sheldon, Henry H.
1918 Sheldon, Nelson L.
1906 Sherman, Roland H.
1919 Shulman, Charles
1916 Sigilman, Samuel
1921 Silbert, Coleman
1911 Simpson, Frank Leslie
1911 Slater, John S.
1911 Smith, Arthur Thad
1914 Smith, Oirtis Nye
1910 Smith, Fitz-Henry, Jr.
1921 Smith, Herbert U.
1904 Smith, Jeremiah, Jr.
1917 Smith, Reginald Hebcr
1919 Snow, Frederic E.
1911 Sohier, William D.
1911 Sprague, Charles H.
1913 Spring, Romney
1922 Stackpole, J. Lewis
1922 Stackpole, Pierpont L.
1912 Stebbins, (Jharles H.
1918 Stem, Frank
1912 Stockton, Howard, Jr.
1912 Stone, Edward C.
1901 Stone, Frederic M.
1919 Stone, V. Sidney
1911 Stone, Robert B.
1914 Stoneman, David
1921 Storey, Charles M.
1881 Storey, Moorfleld
1911 Storey, Richard C.
1914 Studley, J. Butler
1922 Sturtevant, Malcolm E.
1913 Sughrue, Michael J.
1918 Sullivan, John A.
1916 Sullivan, John B., Jr.
1911 Sullivan, William 6.
1920 Summers, Merle G.
1908 Swain, Roger Dyer
1911 Sweetser, George A.
1911 Swift, James Marcus
1911 Taintor, Giles
1918 Talbot, Edmund H.
1916 Taylor, Amos Leavltt
Boston (Suffolk) ConVd
1913 Taylor, Edward I.
1919 Taylor, Harold J.
1921 Taylor, Joseph D.
1921 TSylor, Warner V.
1916 Tiling, Richard &
1918 Thompson, Marshall Put-
nam
1911 Thompson, William G.
1911 Tisdale, Archibald R.
1916 Towle, William W.
1916 Tuller, Willis Norman
1894 Tyler, Charles H.
1911 lyier, Marion L.
1911 Vahey, James H.
1919 Vanderhoof, Nelson B.
1908 Van Everen, Horace
1911 Taughan, Henry G.
1919 Von Rosen vinge, flieo-
dore
1909 Voorhees, Harvey C.
1911 Wakefield, John I^throp
1919 Walcott, Robert
1919 Walker, Nathaniel V.
1911 Wardner, G. Philip
1916 Ware, Henry
1916 Warren, Bentley W.
1922 Warren, John L.
1916 Warren, Joseph F.
1916 Wasserman, Jacob
1911 Waters, Bertram G.
1922 Waters, James A.
1911 Weed, Alonzo R.
1921 Weiler, Harriet
1806 Wellman, Arthur H.
1918 Wfells, Wellington
1891 Weston, Robt Dickson
1911 Weston, lliomas
1918 Weybum, Lyon
1919 Wheeler, Alexander
1912 Wheeler, Henry
1896 Whipple, Sherman L.
1919 White, Alfred B.
1911 White, Frank Owen
1911 Whiteside, Alexander
1916 Whittemore, Henry E.
1911 Whittlesey, John J.
1914 Wiggin, JoRph
1918 Wigglesworth, G«oir8e
1918 Wight, Delano
1919 Wightman, George W.
1911 Wiles, Thomas L.
1921 Wilkins, Raymond f«.
1891 Williams, David W.
1918 WUliams, Fred H.
1921 Williams, Harold, Jr.
1912 Williams, Harold P.
1917 Williams, Henry M.
Boiton (Suffolk) Cont'd
19U Wilaon, Butler R.
1911 WilBon, George L.
1921 Wimlow, Henry J.
1921 Withington, Lothrop
1922 Wolcott, Oliver
1913 Wood, Chandler M.
1906 WrightiDgtOD, S. R.
1894 Wynian, Henry A.
1916 Wyinan, John P.
1919 Yont, Alonso E.
^19 Young, B. L.
1911 Young, Stephen E.
1911 Youngman, William S.
BridgewaUr (Plymouth)
1919 MacMaster, Edward A.
BroektoB (Plymouth) '
1918 Calkins, Oacar
1922 Flagg. Harry W.
1921 Fletcher, Elmer H.
1911 King, C. Carroll
1918 O'Reilly. John J.
1921 Reed, Clarence C.
1922 Reed. Warren A.
1921 Rowe, William 0.
1922 Wilbar, Winfleld Mason
1922 Willard, Charles O.
BrookUna (Norfolk)
1911 Ayera, Walter
1916 Croaby. A. Morris
1918 Fuller, Samuel A.
1894 Roberts, George L.
Cambridge (Middlesex)
1911 Adams, Edward B.
1919 Fox, Jabez
1911 Frankfurter, Felix
1916 Hudson, Manlfy O.
1922 Kingaley, Rose
1901 Pound. RoBcoe
1919 Scott, Austin W.
1894 Wambsugh. Eugene
1913 Warren. Edward II.
Cambridgeport (Middhsex^
1916 Ela, Richard
OAmpello (Plymouth)
1922 Stephens, Walter F.
Oheliea (SufTolk)
1916 BosBon, Albert D.
OMoopM FaUs (Hampden)
1913 Leiaer, Andrew A., Jr.
1CA88A0B1J8BTT8
Doroli«tt«r (Suffolk)
1916 Dlgney, Charles A.
1916 Jennings, Stephen A.
Eait Lynn (Essex)
1911 Sisk, James H.
Erarett (Middlesex)
1922 Spear, Elmer Ernest
Fall Kirer (Bristol)
1^19 Baker. Charles L.
1909 Brayton, Israel
1919 BufBnton, Harold S. R.
19T9 Clarkin. Harold E.
1911 Cummings, Ciharles R.
1919 Cummings, John W.
1919 Doherty. Bernard A.
1911 Dubuque, Hugo A.
1916 Grime. George
1921 Hanify. Edward F.
1919 Hanson, Fernald L.
1891 Jennings, Andrew J.
1911 Lincoln. Arba N.
1911 Morton, James M., Jr.
1919 Morton, James M., Sr.
1911 Pease, Frank Alvin
1911 Phillips, Arthur S.
1919 Ryan, (Tharles P.
1919 Thurston, Edward A.
1911 Wood, L. Elmer
Fitohburg (WorcL«ter)
1922 Baker, Emerson W.
1913 Casey, Thomas
1907 Gallagher, Thomas F.
1922 Goodfellow, Aubrey Z.
1916 Hudson, Gardner K.
1911 Stiles, James A.
1911 Ware, Charles Eliot
Franklin (Norfolk)
1919 Doc, Orestes T.
Oardner (WorceHtcr)
1913 Hoban, Owen A.
Olonceiter (Essex)
1919 Buckley, M. Francis
1920 Maclnnis, William J.
1916 Merrill, George Frye
1911 Russell, Charles A.
1913 Simonds, Lincoln S.
1913 Smith. Charles D.
1918 Taft, Edgar S.
Ot. Barrlnrton (Berkshire)
1921 Collins, A. Chalkky
1898 Giddings. Ciharles
1911 Joyner. Herbert O.
1922 Joyner, Herbert Newton
\ Oreenfleld (Franklin)
1920 Davenport, William A.
1921 Greene, Frederick L.
Haverhill (Essex)
1918 Barrett, Wilbert F.
1913 Carlton, Otis J.
1918 McCormick, Richard J.
Holyoke (Hampden)
1921 Allyn, Robert A.
1914 Avery. Nathan P.
1921 Dillon, William T.
1913 Green. Addison L.
1913 O'Brien, Thomas D.
1921 Orrell, Arthur E.
Hopklnton (Middlesex)
1919 Bridges, Eliza W. M.
Hyannis (Barnstable)
1919 Morrill, (Tharles Sumner
Lawrence (Essex)
1911 (Thamberlain, Albert
Henry
1916 Goulson, Walter
1919 Eaton, Fred H.
1916 Ford, Edmond John
1921 Mahoney, Cornelius J.
1913 Mahoney, Jeremiah F.
1916 Rowell, Wilbur E.
Lenox (Berkshire)
1919 Broderick, Cornelius J.
Leominiter (Worcester)
1919 Dyer. James H. P.
1922 Freeman, Franklin
1913 Healey, J. Ward
1919 Hull, John C.
Lexington (Middlesex)
189r> Clapp. Robert P.
Littleton (Middlesex)
1919 Sanderson, (}eorge A.
938
AMERICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
Lowtll (Middlesex)
1911 Fither, Frederic A.
1921 Ooldman, Frank
1922 Harvey, John J.
1916 Hill, Jamei Gilbert
1922 Hogan, William A.
1921 Howard, Albert B.
1918 Leggat, John C.
1922 Mclntire, Charles U.
1912 Marble, Frederick P.
1913 Pearson, Gardner W.
1904 Pickman, John J.
1916 Regan, William D.
1891 Sawyer, Alfred P.
1911 Wier, Frederick N.
1921 Wilson, William H.
Lyim (Essex)
1919 Bowen, H. Ashley
1918 Dorman, William E.
1913 O'Brien, Edward B.
1911 Sullivan, James W.
Maldeii (Middleaex)
1911 Bruce, Charles M.
1891 Fall, George Howard
1916 Riley, Thomas P.
1921 Schofleld, Emma Fall
Manohtitar (Essex)
1918 Willmonton, George K.
Madford (Middlesex)
1911 Wait, Wm. Gushing
MlddUborQ (Plymouth)
1921 Stetson, George W.
1916 Washburn, Nathan
Milford (Worcester)
1922 Gould, (}harles W.
1918 Williams, Wendell
Nantucket (Nantuckpt)
1922 Johnson, H. Linsley
New Bedford (Bristol)
1921 Bamet, Philip
1921 Bamet, Samuel
1921 Bentley, Samuel K.
1921 BrifnpB, Justus A.. Jr.
1916 Clifford, John H.
1921 Connor, Charles C.
1911 Ox>k, Otia Seabury
1911 Doran, James P.
1916 Gardiner, George N.
New B«dferd (Bristol) Cont'd
1918 Gauthier, Joeeph A.
1911 Goodspeed, Alex McLel-
lan
1911 Hitch, Mayhew R.
1921 Kenney, Joeeph T.
1921 Lider, Harry A.
1921 Lowney, John B.
1921 Milliken, Allen W.
1916 Milliken, Frank A.
1918 Mitchell, C?harles
1916 Prescott, Oliver
1921 Rosenberg, Solomon
Newburyport (Essex)
1912 Foes, Ernest
NewtoB Oeiiter (Middlesex)
1911 Bishop, Ellas B.
1918 Bowman, Harold M.
Newton HighUnds (Middle-
sex)
1907 Rows, William V.
Nerth Adami (Berkshire)
1919 Dryedale, Hugh P.
Northampton (Hampshire)
1921 Addis, Albert E.
1908 Irwin, Richard Wm.
1911 Mason, John W.
1921 Stevens, Walter L.
Peabody (Essex)
1919 Fay, William H.
1918 Powell, Charles J.
Pittlftdld (Berkshire)
1904 Crosby. John C.
1911 Eisner, Michael L.
1921 Lewis, Joseph W.
1921 McMahon, Joseph M.
1911 Noxon, John F.
1912 Prediger, George A.
1918 Rosenthal, James M.
1904 Slocum, Edward T.
1912 Warner, Milton B.
Plymouth (Plymouth)
1922 Oollingwood, Morton
ProTlnoetown (Barnstable)
1919 Welch, Walter
SooUaad (Plymouth)
1919 Rioe, David Perry
Salom (Essex)
1911 Sears, (George B.
1918 Sullivan, M. L.
Boutlibridfe (Worcester)
1918 Montague, Henry B.
1922 Rieutord, Louis O.
South Pramlngham ( Middle -
•ex)
1801 Adams, Walter
1911 Dexter, Joseph P.
Bprln^eld (Hampden)
1921 Allen. Horace E.
1919 Bacon, George A.
1921 Baldwin, WilUam V.
1916 Beckwith, Charlea H,
1918 Rid well, Raymond A.
1911 Bosworth, Charles Wildei
1913 Brownson, Wendell G.
1921 Buzzell, Harry A.
1912 Carroll. James -B.
1919 Crook, Douglas
1916 Dearborn, Josiah
1921 Ehrlich, Harr>- M.
1918 Ely, Joseph B.
1919 Gordon, Gurdon W.
1921 Giay, J. L^-man
1921 Hoar, David B.
1921 Kennett. Frederick A.
1921 Rerigan, Joseph E.
1911 King, Heniy A.
1911 I^asker, Henry
1921 McClintock, Edward A.
1912 RobsoD, Stuart M.
1911 Stone, Willmore B,
Btoneham (Middlesex)
1921 Richardson, Herbert H
1916 Stevens, W. B.
Tauaton (Bristol)
1911 Hall, Frederick S-.
1918 Swig, Louis
1918 Woods, William S.
Yineyard HaTon 0>ukca)
1907 Webb, Willoughby L.
WalM
in? Needham, Henry Chap-
man
J
940
AMERICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
Detroit (Wayne) Cont'd
1920 Bems, Jullui L.
1022 Bigelow, Horace W.
192a Bigelow, Nelaon Calvin
1806 Biasell. John H.
1021 Blair, Robert W.
1920 Bowles, Oharles
1020 Brand, George E.
1920 Braun, Max M.
1009 Brownaon, Robert M.
1011 Bulkley, Harry C.
1020 Bums, Robert Hamilton
1021 Oidy, Wm. B.
1020 Gale, Philip H.
1020 Oallender» Sherman D.
1805 Campbell, Charles H.
1806 Campbell, Henry M.
1020 Carey, Archibald
1020 Carney, Charles F.
1000 Carpenter, William L.
1021 Carter, O. Lewis
1020 Cassidy, Daniel P.
1022 Chadwick. William Clin-
ton
1020 Chawke, Thomas F.
1000 Clark. Joseph H.
1020 Clarkaon, Eugene S.
1021 Oohane, Louis
1022 Cole, Ben H.
1020 Cook, Frank C.
1900 Corliss, John B.
1020 Cornelius, Asher L.
1020 Coulaon, Charles L.
1020 Coulter, Clark C.
1020 Crawford, Mflo H.
1020 Cross, John G.
1020 Cullen, James H.
1920 Dalton, Robert M.
1020 Danhof, John J., Jr.
1920 Davidow, Lazarus 8.
1920 Day, Thomas W.
1020 Doetsch, Felix A.
1020 Doland, Theresa
1011 Donnelly, John C.
1000 Douglas, Samuel T.
1020 Doyle, Sidney E.
1922 Dreifuss, Leon
1922 Dreifuss, Maurice
1920 Dunn, John Gilbert
1920 Dye, Fred
1920 Eaman, Frank D.
1022 Emmons, Harold Hunter
1013 England, Howell S.
1920 Essery, Carl Vanstone
1020 Faust, John
1010 Finkelston, Max H.
1016 Fitspatrick, William
Geo.
MZOBieAV
Detroit (Wayne) Oont'd
1020 Fixel, Rowland W.
1020 Foster, Orville H., Jr.
1022 Friedman, William
1020 Fuller, Ernest Michael
1018 Gaflll, John J., Jr.
1020 Gallagher, William Henry
1910 Gittins, Clarence E.
1020 Ctoldie, J. H.
1020 Gordon, Clifton Dewitt
1900 Graves, Henry B.
1900 Gray, William J.
1020 Grece, Edward 8.
1918 GrifBn, William J.
1011 Groesbeck, Alex. J.
1020 Grose, Percy W.
1021 Hanley, Stewart
1909 Harward, Frederic T.
1920 Healy, C. Walter
1920 Helfman, Harry
1920 Hetchler, Albert J.
1916 Hicks, Arthur P.
1921 Hill, Sherwin A.
1920 Hughes, Ben Chapoton
1921 Hulett, Max
1920 Hull, Oscar 0.
1920 Hutchins, Paul Vincent
1806 January, William L.
1009 Jones, Arthur
1915 Joslyn, Lee E. '
1921 Kahn, Max
1920 Keidan, Harry B.
1920 Kelly, Raymond J.
1920 Kennary, J. Shurly
1020 Rilpatrick, Arthur W.
1022 King, Paul H.
1909 Lacy, Arthur J.
1921 Lamphere, Allen L.
1915 Ledyard, Henry
1920 Lee, Benedict H.
1920 Lee, James Henderson
1916 Leete, Thomas T.
1920 Levin, Isadorc
1921 Liddy, Ralph W.
1805 Lightner. Clarence A.
1920 Lindley, Adelhert U.
1920 Long, Ir^ in
1920 Lovejoy, Earl
1920 Lovequest, George II.
1920 Lucking, Alfred
1915 Lucking, William
1906 Lyster, Henry L.
1900 McHugh, Philip A.
1020 McKay, John D.
1020 McKinlay, John F.
1920 McKinney, W. Ha>-es
1921 Maiulle, Anthony
1920 Mann, Charles L.
D«tf«tt (Wayne) Oont'd
1020 Masters, Alfred O.
1921 Maurer, Henry R.
1920 Meder. Albert E.
1920 Mertx, William K
1922 Meyler, Charles P.
1920 Milbiim, Elmer R.
1900 Miller, Sidney T.
1909 Millis, Wade
1920 Milotte, John A.
1920 Mistersky, Eugene L.
1920 Mohn, Elmer John
1912 Moody, Paul B.
1920 Moore, Thomas B.
1920 Morgan, Ira F.
1920 Moynihan, Joseph A.
1920 Murfbi, James O.
1010 Murphy, George B.
1020 Murphy, Thomas P.
1021 Newman, Julius Austen
1020 Newton; Durbin
1918 Nlcol, Henry G.
1921 Nutten, Wesley L.
1914 O'Brien, M. Hubert
1009 Oxtoby, James V.
1009 Oxtoby, Walter E.
1914 Page], B. S.
1900 Palmer, Jonathan, Jr.
1912 Parker, Ralzemond A.
1921 Paterson, Maurice F.
1920 Payne, Thomas W.
1920 Perry, George B.
1018 Perry, Judson M.
1018 PhUlips, Walter
1920 Pokoray* Edward
1921 Prentis, George H.
1920 Primeau, Joseph H.. Jr.
1921 Primrose, J. Lawrence
1920 Radford, Fritz L.
1921 Rich, Edwsrd A.
1921 Ring, Van H.
1921 Riopelle, Oscar A.
1920 Roberts, Henry Hueitt
1886 Robson, Frank E.
1920 Rogers, Edward H.
1922 Rosenbusch, Otto F.
1920 Ruby, Joseph L.
1920 Rumroel, Henry C.
1917 Sayres. William S., Jr.
1920 Scallen, John P.
1920 Seaborg, Heniy P.
1921 fibepherd. Hugh
1920 Shiek, William U.
1920 Shier, Samuel W.
1920 Sbimans, Samuel
1920 Sibley, Frank C.
1920 Sleeper, Harold Alanaon
1920 Sloan, John J.
tJ^JM,AMM
KT*: JBk.
\/A.&A'4aM7 'A-is^ a^ .^vr I* a.^ t,^a
Detroit (Wayne) Cont'd
1908 Sloman, Adolph
1821 Sloman, Edmund M.
1920 Sraflansky, Maurice D.
1922 Smith, FVank Day
1912 Smith, Hal. H.
1921 Stafford, Edmund J.
1980 Stem, Milford
1900 Stoddard, EUiott J.
1920 Streeter, Howard
1980 Sward, Francis L.
1917 Taylor, Orla B.
1980 Tinkham, Matthew H.
1915 Trevor, Walter M.
1980 Turner, James
1918 Tattle, Arthur J.
1916 Van Dyke, William
1919 Wallace, Donald A.
1915 Walling, Eugene A.
1918 Walters, Henry C.
1981 Ward, Frederick J.
1914 Weadock, Bernard F.
1919 Weadock, Paul
1880 Weadock, Thoe. A. E.
1920 Weaver, Ronald Race
1918 Welsh, Charles F.
1080 Wheat, Renville
1918 Whittemore, Laurence J.
1921 Wicker, Seth J.
1920 Wilcox, Clarence B.
1920 Wilds, Harvey B. M.
1920 Wilkinson, Ralph B.
1980 WlUiams, Samuel R.
1921 Winston, Harry L.
1920 Wismer, Otto G.
1900 Woodruff, Charles M.
1900 Wurxcr, F. Henry
1900 WuTzer, Louis C.
1909 Yerkes, George B.
1920 Tokom, Ford M.
DowAfteo (Caas)
1020 Hendryx, Coy W.
1920 Lalbg, E. Bruce
East Lanaing (Ingham)
1020 Potter. William W.
Baoanaba (Delta)
1920 Baker, James C.
1912 Ryall, Arthur H.
1920 Strom, Tdrval E.
1912 Telland, Judd
Flint (Genesaee)
1900 Carton, John J.
1928 Cook, George M.
1921 Oanlt, Hany O.
MZOHIOAV
Flint (Oeneasee) Cont'd
1920 McTaggarty David L.
1020 Travis, De Hull N.
1922 Van Benachoten, Charles
M.
eiadatona (Delta)
1916 Empaon, G. R.
Grand Kaven (Ottawa)
^80 Osterhous, Louis H.
Grand Bapida (Kent)
1980 Amberg, Julius H.
1902 Bamett, James F.
1912 Boltwood, Lucius
1912 Campbell, James H.
1980 Carpenter, Eugene
1914 Clapperton, George
1021 Cleland, Rolland J.
1806 Denison, Arthur C.
1920 Hall, Clare J.
1921 Harrington, Leon W.
1919 Johnson, Edgar H.
1891 Keeney, Willard F.
1896 Knappen, Loyal E.
1009 Knappen, Stuart E.
1915 McDonald, John S.
1921 McPheraon, Charles
1912 Maher. Edgar A.
1916 Maynard, Fred A.
1906 Norris. Mark
1886 O'Brien, Thomas J.
1921 Raymond, Fred M.
1916 Renihan, Joseph
1921 Rice, Cyrus W.
1921 Schurts, Shelby B.
1918 Sessions, C. W.
1900 Taggart, Ganson
1916 Travis, Philip H.
1921 Ward, M. Thomas
1914 Warner, David A.
1898 Wolf, GusUve A.
Grayling (Crawford)
1921 Fitch, Homer L.
Graenyllla (Montcalm)
1920 Griswold, N. O.
Hastinga (Barry)
1921 (X>lgrove, Philip T.
Highland Park (Wayne)
1920 Curtis, Harry K.
1920 Rankin, William A.
HtUadala (Hilladale)
1022 Chase, Paul W.
1922 Fitapatrick, Merton
1921 Grommon, Wilbur D.
Holland (OtUwa)
1918 Robinson, Thomas N.
Honghton (Houghton)
1921 O'Brien. P. H.
1909 Rees, Allen F.
1916 Robinson, Deen L.
1921 Schulte, Harold G.
1911 Stone. John G.
1913 Wieder, Herman A.
Ionia (Ionia)
1920 Mathews, Glenn D.
1922 Nichols, George E.
Iron Kiver (Iron)
1911 Byers, I. W.
1920 Waffen, August J.
Ironwood (Gogebic)
1920 Humphrey, Charles M.
1912 Nsrris, Herbert M.
lahpeming (Marquette)
1918 Kennedy. Michael J.
Jaokaon (Jackson)
1988 Adams, James M.
1981 Badgley, Forrest a
1981 Bisbee. Leland S.
1921 Cobb, W. S.
1921 Parshall, Cleveland G.
1922 Price, Richard
1921 Rossman, Reuben H.
1922 Simpson, John
1921 Whiting, Justin R.
Kalamaaoo (Kalamaaoo)
1805 Boudeman, Dallaa
1919 Carney, Claude a
1900 Chappell, Fred L.
1900 Earl, Otis A.
1917 Faling, Glenn R.
1921 Farrell, Charles H.
1921 Fraot, Alfred 8.
1922 Howard, Harry C.
1921 Jackson, H. Clair
1981 Schaberg, Marvin
L'Anae (Baraga)
1921 Brennan. Hubert A.
1921 O'Connor, Joaeph J.
942
AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION.
Lantinr (Ingham)
19S2 Coyne, Leonard S.
1013 Oiimmins, AlTa M.
1911 Dodge, Frank L.
1909 Fellows, Grant
1918 Handy, Sherman T.
1898 Moore, Joseph B.
1920 Nichols, Charles W.
1918 Reynolds, Carl H.
1918 Shields, Edmund 0.
1917 Silsbee, Harry A.
1917 Wiley, Merlin
Lndlnfton (Mason)
1909 Danaher, Michael B.
1918 Keiaer, Addison A.
1920 Quail, Robert J.
lUaiitM (Manistee)
1920 Neal, Max E.
Xaniatiqut (Schoolcraft)
1912 Hixaon, Virgil I.
Xariat Olty (St Olair)
1922 Breining, John W.
lCarqu«tt« (Marquette)
1920 Eldredge, Ralph R.
1920 Garvin, L. B.
1912 Miller, Albert Edw.
XenomlAae (Menominee)
1916 Doyle, Michael J.
1920 O'Hara, John J.
Midland (Midland)
1920 Reardon, W. E.
Moiiat Oleinana (Macomb)
1914 Miller, Frederick 0.
Xttdiogca (Muskegon)
1921 Galpin, Harris E.
1921 McLaughlin, John A.
1914 Sullivan, James E.
1921 Turner, Jerome E.
1921 Turner, Willard J.
Veganaea (Marquettp)
1916 Bell, Frank A.
Norway (Dickinson)
1916 Flannigan, Richard C.
Owoato (Shiawassee)
1920 Seegmiller, WUliam A.
MICHIGAN— XINKE80TA
Oxford (Oakland)
1909 Jenkins, Prank E.
Petoakey (Emmet)
1920 Pailthorp. Charles J.
Plymouth (Waj-ne)
1920 Thomaa, William S.
Poatlac (Oakland)
1921 Keeling, Ralph T. ^
1921 McGee, Clinton
1895 Patterson, John H.
1921 Pel ton, Carl H.
1921 Webster, Elmer B.
Port Hvron (St. Olair)
1920 Carrigan, Don R.
Riohmond (Macomb)
1920 Carl, David
Roicommon (Roscommon)
1920 Smith, Hiram R.
Saginaw (Saginaw)
1921 Cook, Robert H.
1920 Davis, George W.
1921 Martin, William H.
1919 Namely, Henry E.
1909 Peter, James B.
1919 Pierson, Alfred P.
1914 Smith, Wallis C.
1920 Snow, Albert Elwood
1913 Weadock, George W.
1914 Weadock, Jerome
1914 Weadock, Vincent
1921 Wilson, Floyd A.
St. Ignace (Mackinac)
1921 Brown, Prentiss M.
St. Johna (CHintpn)
1900 Smith, WilUam M.
St. Joiaph (Berrien)
1921 Banyon, Willard J.
Sanlt St. Mario ((Thippewa)
1917 Green, Thomas J.
1916 Hudaon, Roberts P.
1011 Sullivan, Frank P.
Tra^erao City (Traverse)
1920 Patchin, John W.
Ypailanti (Washtenaw)
1909 Hatch, William B.
MnrNZSOTA
Albort Loa (Freeborn)
1912 Meigfaen, John F. D.
1911 Morgan, Henry A.
Anoka (Anoka)
1913 Blanchard, WilL A.
Auatin (Mower)
1906 Catherwood, S. D.
1918 Saase, Frank G.
1906 Wright, Arthur W.
Bluo Earth (Faribault)
1921 Putnam, Frank E.
Brainord (Crow Wing)
1906 McClenahan, Wm. a
1914 Polk. A. D.
1918 Ryan, M. B.
Broekanridgo (Wilkin)
1918 Jones, Lewis E.
Calodonia (Houston)
1918 Dorival, Charles A.
Oambrldga (Isanti)
1921 (Soodwin, Oodlzy G.
OrookatoB (Polk)
1918 O'Brien, Martin
Dotroit (Becker)
1912 Levetson, Oliver
Dnlnth (St Louis)
1906 Abbott, Howard T.
1912 Adams, Frank D.
1918 Arnold, John B.
1906 Bailey, William D.
1906 Baldwin, Albert
1906 Cant, WiUiam A.
1911 Courtney, Henry A.
1916 CrasBweller, Frank
1906 Ok'osby, Wilson a
1918 Outhbert, Frederic T.
1922 D'Autremont, Hubert H.
1922 Gillette, Albert O.
1911 Gran, Victor EL
1911 Greene, Warren E^
1921 Hunt, BoUo F.
1912 Ingersoll, George
1918 Jaques, Alfred
1918 Lanners, Harry W.
1906 Larton, Oscar J.
1918 Middaugh. Henry a
STATE LIST OF MEKBEB8 BY CITIES AND TOWNS.
^43
MnrKESOTA
Dvlvth (St. Louii) Cont'd
1906 Mitchell, Oscar
19U Schmidt, Philip C.
1906 SuUivan, Frands W.
1904 Waahburn, Jed U
1906 Williams, John O.
rairmont (Martin)
191S Allen, Albert R.
ffkrllMtult (Rice)
1921 Ghildreas, Arthur B.
1921 McMahon, James P.
Gftylord (Sibley)
1921 MacKenzie, C. H.
Kawley (Clay)
1918 Hammett, W. Georct
Klbbinr (St. Louii)
1918 Collins, David T.
1918 Power, Victor L.
Intamational Falls (Koo*
chiching)
1918 Jeme, FVana
iTUihod (Lincoln)
1918 Schuls, Rudolph F.
(Dodge)
1918 Bdiflon, H. J.
Utohflald (Meeker)
1921 Dart. Raymond H.
LIttia Falls (Morrison)
1918 Cfemeroa, Don M.
ins Ver&on, A. H.
Hadiflon (Lac que Parle)
1906 Bwlng, Atthur W.
Xankato (Blue Earth)
1921 Roberts, Horace W.
miaca (Millelacs)
1918 Yaaler, Rolleff
Minnaapolls (Hennepin)
1916 Ballantine, Heniy W.
1922 BardweU, Winfleld W.
1918 Barrett, Richardson D.
1918 Barton, Elijah
1922 Benson, John C.
1906 Booth, WUbor F.
1916 Boutelle, M. H.
Xinneapolis (Hennepin)
Mlnaeapolls (Hennepin)
Cont'd
Cont'd
1918
Brady, Michael a
1922
Lee, Edward J.
1916
Bremner, W. E.
1916
Levy, Samuel J.
1922
Brown, Rome 0.
1906
McGee, J. F.
1906
BufBngton, George W.
1916
Mackall, Henry 0.
1922
C!ant, Harold G.
1912
Martin, James M.
1916
Carman, Ernest C.
1901
Meroer, Hugh Victor
1914
Carmichael, Daniel F.
1915
Michel, Ernest A.
1906
Chase, Nathan R.
1921
Mitchell, Morris B.
1916
Cherry, Wilbur H.
1916
Morley, Frank J.
1906
Child, S. R.
1922
Morrison, Robert 0.
1906
Cliilds. C. R.
1921
Nelson, Edward
1906
Cobb, Albert C.
1914
Newton, Walter H.
1906
Crane, Jay W.
1911
O'Brien, James B.
1918
Davis, Tom
1922
Ohman, John N.
1906
Deutsch, Henry
1901
Paige, James
1906
Dickinson, H. D.
1912
Park, Herbert T.
1894
Dille, John I.
1906
Patterson, Elmer C.
1906
Dodge; Fred B.
1897
Paul, A. C.
1918
Dodge, Louis L.
1906
Penney, R. L.
1920
Dowling, Noel T.
1922
Petri, Gustave A.
1906
Duxbury, W. R.
1911
Powell, Ransom J.
1906
Dwinnell, W. 8.
1911
Prendergast, Edmund A
1914
Eaton, Leo K.
* 1918
Prior, Joseph H.
1916
Eberhart, Axel A.
1917
Ray, John H., Jr.
1922
Eisler, Charles J.
1918
Riordan, Philip J.
1902
Elliott, Charles B.
1906
Roberts, Harlan P.
1922
Ellsworth, Fred L.
1906
Roberts, William P.
1911
Flannery, Henry C.
1906
Robertson, James
1906
Fowler, (Charles R.
1906
Rockwood, C. J.
1922
Friedman, William Fred-
1922
Rue, Lars 0.
erick
1922
Safford, Orren B.
1918
Fnrber, Fred N.
1913
Schall, Anthony X., Jr
1906
Furst, William
1922
Schultx, H. V.
1906
Gale, Edward C.
1911
Selover, Geo. H.
1922
Gareis, Armin J.
1922
Severance, Lewis
1922
Gibson, W. W.
1906
Shaw, Frank W.
1914
(3ould, Charles D.
1908
Shearer, James D.
1912
Guesmer, Arnold L.
1922
Shore, Samuel Louis
1906
Hanley, Martin F.
1906
Simpson, David F.
1914
Hempstead, Clark
1922
Skahen, Vance Edward
1922
Henderson, William B.
1906
Smith, Edward E.
1922
Hewitt, Harry R.
1922
Stevens, H. H.
1922
Hoke, George
1922
Stiles, Glenn S.
1918
Houck, Stanley B.
1912
Stinchfleld, Frederick H
1911
Hubachek, Frank R.
1921
Thompson, Paul J.
1912
Hubachek, Louis A.
1906
Tryon, Charles J.
1918
Irwin, Harry D.
1906
Ueland, A.
1906
Jackson, Anson Blake
1906
Waite, E. F.
1906
Jayne, Trafford N.
1911
Ware, John Roland
1922
Joss, Louis H.
1906
Well, Jonas
1919
Junell, John
1906
Wheelwright, J. 0. P.
1919
Kingman, Joseph R.
1894
Whelan, Ralph
1916
Klngsley, George A.
1913
Will, G. A.
1922
RJorlang, Melkeer U. S.
1913
Williams, (Tharles J.
1901
Lancaster, William A.
1906
Williamson, Jsmes F.
1906
Larrabee, Frank D.
1922
Wright, Fred B.
944
AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION.
MontovldM (Gbippewa)
1906 Fosnes, O. A.
1911 OJeraet, Olul
1916 Petenon, John W.
Moorhead (GUy)
1921 Harden, Oharles S.
1906 Nye. Oarroll A
1922 Sharp, Edgar E.
Haw Ulm (Brown)
1914 Somaen, Henry N.
Ked Wing (Goodhue)
1921 Amtaon, Arthur E.
Kooheater (OltnBted)
1912 Allen, George J.
1919 Oallaghan, (Tharlea E.
1919 Cairistenaen, Henry O.
1919 Eaton, Burt W.
1919 Granger, George W.
1921 Ronken, Oscar C.
1919 Scanlan, Patrick J.
Roaaan (Roseau)
1918 Bell. Roger J.
St. Jamaa (Watonwan)
1919 Lobben. Jens L.
St. Paul (Ramsey)
1921 Albin, Martin H.
1922 Appleton, Samuel
1922 Axelrod, Gustav C.
1906 Bechhoefer, Charles
1921 Boyesen. Alf E.
1921 Bradford, John M.
1914 Bremer, Paul 0.
1906 Briggs, Asa O.
1922 Bronson, David E.
1918 Brown, Calvin L.
1921 Bumquist, J. A. A.
1922 Buma, Fitzhugh
1906 Burr, Stiles W.
1900 Butler, Pierce
1912 Caldwell, Chester L.
1922 (Tallin. Fred M.
1922 C9iandler, M. 8.
1921 Clapp, A. W.
1906 Clapp, Newell H.
1906 Clark, Homer P.
1921 Cowem, Joseph F.
1922 Currie, Roy H.
1921 Denegre, James D.
1906 Dibell, Homer B.
1906 Dickey, J. M.
1922 Dickson, Frederick N.
MZKVSSOTA
St. Paul (Ramsey) 0)at'd
1921 Doherty, It* J.
1918 Donnelly, Charles
1921 Donnelly, Stan. D.
1911 Duxbury, F. A.
1921 Elmquist, (}harles E.
1906 Famham, Charles W.
1912 FrankeU Hiram D.
1906 Frankel, Louis R.
1919 Frost, D. R.
1912 Galbraith, John P.
1919 Gehan, Frank J.
1921 Glenn. Horace H.
1921 Graves, William G.
1921 Greenman, Jesso E.
1906 Hallam, Oscar
1918 Harvey, Hubert M.
1922 Headley, Cleon
1913 Hertz, A. J.
1916 Hess, Sylvan E.
1918 Hilton, Clifford L.
1914 Holt. Andrew
1921 Horn, Alexander E.
1922 Horwitz, Henry E.
1922 Hurley, Martin J.
1918 Hurley, Michael B.
1921 Jesmer, J. Lisle
1922 Kelehan, James H. L.
1921 Keller, Herbert P.
1922 Kelley. James E.
1904 Kellogg, Frank B.
1906 Kennedy, Richard L.
1922 Kerr, Harold C.
1922*Knapp, Edward A.
1922 Kyle, John P.
1911 Leea, Edward
1922 LeRue, Arch L.
1922 Levin. A. 1.
1906 Lindley, Erannus C.
1914 Loevinger, Gustavus
1922 Luethge. George M.
1916 Lyons. D. F.
1922 McCTarthy. Frederic D.
1922 McConneloug, John W.
1922 McNally, Carlton F.
1921 Macartney, Grant S.
1911 Manahan, James
1921 Markham, George W.
1918 Markham, James E.
1918 Mason, Grafton
1922 Mason, WUliam H.
1922 Michael, James C.
1006 Mitchell, WillUm D.
1921 Mordaunt, Roy J.
1920 Morgan, George W.
1905 Morphy, E. Howard
1922 Morse. Irl
1922 Nelson, Arthur E.
St. Paul (Ramsey) Cont'd
1922 Nordlin, George
1922 O'Brien, Thomas D.
1921 O'Brien. William P.
1922 Ogilvie. George 8.
1912 Olds. Bobt. Edwin
1922 O'Neill, Eugene M.
1918 Oppenheimcr, W. H.
1921 Ordway, S. G.
1906 Randall, Henry E.
1918 Richardson, HaroM J.
1912 Richardson, HarrL,
1921 Ryan, Patrick J.
1918 Sanborn, Bruce W.
1906 Sanborn, Edward P.
1908 Sanborn. W. H.
1915 Scandrett, B. W.
1921 Schaller, Albert
1922 Schriber. Bishop H.
1922 Schroeder, Baldwin
1906 Severance, O. A.
1921 Sexton, John J.
1922 Shay, Burton A
1922 Smith, C. Willard
1921 Sterling, CRiarles W.
1913 Stone, Royal A.
1921 Stringer, Edward S.
1906 Stryker, John E.
1922 Stuts, Frederick O.'
1918 Taylor, Myron D.
1906 Tiffany, Fraada B.
1899 Tighe, Ambroae
1918 Turner, Sanroel Bpea
1922 Van Harvey, G. Harria
1922 Wandrel, Albert O.
1922 Waters, £. A.
1922 Weaver, Je«e C.
1922 Weiss, Harry
1922 \^'heeler, Howard
1912 Willis, John W.
1922 Wilwerscheid, Notbert
1906 Young, Edward B.
1911 ZoUman, F. W.
St. Petar (Nicollet)
1921 Benson, Heniy N.
Bpringilald (Brown)
1921 Seifert, Alexander
BUplai (Todd)
1918 (tardner. Richard N.
BtlUwator (Washington)
1906 Bufllngton, Edwin D.
1906 Oomtort, F. V.
STATE LIST OF MEUBBB3 BT CITHiS AND TOWNS,
946
Tnuiy (Ljon)
I9M KomB, E. B.
Warren (Marshall)
1018 Olson, Julius J.
Wateoa (Waseca)
1911 Moonan, John
Wheaton (Traverse)
1918 Anderson, V. E.
WlUmar (Kandiyohi)
1906 Qvale, O. E.
Winpaa (Winona)
1922 Bierce, Herbert M.
1918 Blair, Burr D.
1906 Brown, Leslie L.
1902 Webber, Marshall B.
Winthrop (Sidley)
1918 Tounff, A. L.
WorthlnfftoB (Nobles)
1918 Ckshel, John A.
1921 Nelson, Lewis 8.
MZBSISBIFPI
Aberdeen (Monroe)
1921 Clifton, Wiley H.
1909 Houston, David W.
1919 Leftwich, George J.
1918 McVarland, Ben HoUiday
Aihland (Benton)
1921 Oreshani, Robert J.
Baldwyn (Prentiss)
1918 Cox, Allen
Brookhaven (Lincoln)
1918 Brady, Thomas, Jr.
Calhoun Olty (Calhoun)
1921 Lawrence, W. O.
1921 Patterson, A. T.
Clarkidale (Coahoma)
1912 Cutter, John W.
Cleveland (Bolivar)
1909 Shands, A. W.
1922 Somerville, Bobert N.
Ooffeevllle (Yalobusha)
1919 Stone, W. I.
OolUne (Oovin^n)
1922 Mcintosh, D. A.
Oolnmbus (Lowndes)
1912 Frierson, John F.
1918 Garnett, Charles L.
1916 Owen, F. C.
Corinth (Alcorn)
1917 Kier. W. H.
Greenville (Washincrton)
1918 Bell, Percy
1907 Campbell, Bobert B.
1907 Percy, Leroy
Oreenwood (Leflore)
1922 McBee, R. C.
1918 WTiittington, W, Madi-
son
Onlfport (Harrison)
1912 Alderson, C. M.
1913 Eaton, B. E.
1918 White, Walter A.
KattiOibvrr (Forrest)
1912 Hannah, Thomas C.
1911 Travis, S. E.
1915 Wills, T. J.
Eaxelhnrat (Copiah)
1907 Sexton, J. S.
1921 Wilson, H. J.
Holly gprinfft (Marshall)
1919 Bates, C. L,
1920 Fant, L. G.
Houston (Chickasaw)
1914 Ford, Joe H.
Indlanola (Sunflower)
1914 Guthrie, J. B.
1908 Moocb', C. C.
1916 Williams, James L.
Jackson (Hinds)
1916 Anderson, William D.
1912 Flowers, James N.
1914 Green, Gamer Wynn
1912 Green, Marcellus
1919 Harris, J. B.
1920 Jones, L. Barrett
1921 Lyell, G. Garland
1912 May, George Williams
1920 Ricketts, Robert a
Jaokion (Hindi) Cont'd
1921 Roberson, Frank
1907 Sanders, J. O. 8.
1912 Stevens, J. Morgan
1892 Thompson, Robert H.
1914 Watkins, H. V.
1922 Watkins, William H.
1914 Wells, W. Oilvin
1918 West, F. M.
Laurel (Jones)
1920 Cooper, Ellis B.
1920 Deavours, Bums M.
1920 Hilbun, Henry
1915 Schauber, A. B.
1921 Shannon, (Tharles R.
1908 Welch, W. S.
Lexington (Holmes)
1922 Lindholm, Paul Purcell
1912 McMorrough, 0. H.
1918 Noel, E. F.
1914 Pepper, A. M.
Meridian (Lauderdale)
1907 Boseman, A. S.
1912 Jacobson, Gabe
1920 McBeath, J. M.
1920 Shotts, Henry Allen
Vatchei (Adams)
1914 Reed, Richard F.
Okolona (Chickasaw)
1908 Stovall, A. T.
1916 West, Robert Jesse
Oxford (Lafayette)
1914 Oldham, L. E.
1897 Somerville, Thomas H.
Pittsbero (Calhoun)
1921 Haman, Thomas L.
1921 Johnson, J. L.
Tunioa (Tunica)
1919 Dulaney, J. W.
1919 Robinson, J. F.
Tvpelo (Lee)
1918 Robins, John Q.
University (Lalayette)
1821 Hemingway, William
946
AMERICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
Tlolubmr (Warren)
1907 Bmnlni, John B.
1914 BfTBon, J. C.
1916 Dent, R. L.
1914 Hirach, J. K.
1606 Hirsh, J.
1906 Landau, Moses D.
1916 Robbiw, Nathaniel Vick
Water YalUy (Talobusha)
1916 Oreekmore, H. H.
1919 McOowen. J. G.
Wett Point (CUy)
1921 Boberds, W. O.
WoodviU* (WUkinson)
1922 Bramlette, David Clay,
Jr.
Yasoo Olty (Taaoo)
1921 Barbour, J. F.
1912 Bamett, D. B.
XIBBOXTBI
Aurora (Lawrence)
1916 HcNatt, Carr
B«Ti«r (Macon)
1929 Edwards, Waldo
Bloomfleld (Stoddard)
1914 Wammack, Ralph
Bolivar (Polk)
1916 Cunningham, L.
Bonne Terre (St. Francois)
1920 Elvina, Politte
BooBvillt (Cooper)
19S0 Williams, Roy D.
Bowlinf Oretn (Pike)
1920 Haley, J. H.
1920 Higginbotham, Rufus L.
1918 Hoatetter, J. D.
1920 Smith, Vivian S.
Brookfleld (Linn)
1916 Bums, Thomas P.
1922 Van Osdol, Paul
Oattfomla (Moniteau)
1914 Hunter, Joaeph W.
mssxaizPFz— MXMOinu
Oameron ((]lintoii)
1920 Carr, John O.
Oap« Olrardaan (Cape
Girardeau)
1920 Alexander, Harry E.
1920 Dearmont, Ruaaell Lea
1920 Oliver, Allen Laws
1916 Oliver, B. B.
1914 Oliver, Robert Burett, Jr.
1914 Whybark, Moses
Carrollton (Carroll) .
1914 LoEler, Ralph F.
1916 Morris, John T.
Oarthag* (Jasper)
1920 McReynolda, Allen
Oharleaton (Mlssiasippi)
1920 Haw, J. M.
1920 Joslyn, O. W. •
OhlUicotha (Livingston)
1916 CJhapman, Lewis A.
1916 Sheets, Frank
Clayton (St. Louis)
1917 Barnes, William H.
1916 Erd, (Carles
1914 (Hrdner, A. E. L.
1917 Ralph, Richard F.
Columbia (Boone)
1904 Gentry, North T.
1912 McBaine, J. P.
1918 Parks, J. L.
1920 Soars, Kenneth C.
ElyiBs (St. Franoois)
1920 Thrclkeld, I. N.
Emineaoe (Shannon)
1916 (Tlark. Stuart L.
Farmingten (St. Francois)
1920 Caycc, J. Paul
1920 Rozier, Edward A.
Fulton (Callaway)
1920 Baker, John R.
1916 Harris. David H.
Olaagow (Howard)
1914 Denny, J. H.
Hamiitol (MuloB)
1916 Eby, D. H.
1904 Mahan, George A.
KarrlaonviUa (Oaaa)
1916 Summers, W. D.
Honiten (Texas)
1921 Lamar, Kirby
1914 Lamar, Robert
HnmaniTlUe (Polk)
1916 Wood, W. W.
Indtpandanoa (Jackson)
1915 Bufgeaa, S. A.
1914 Sea, John A. '
Jackson (Cape Girardeau)
1916 Cramer, Wilaon
1915 Hines, T. D.
JeffarsoB Oity (Oole>
1916 Barrett, Jesse W.
1914 Bean, Edwin J.
1920 Blair, David E.
1913 Blair, James T.
1914 Brown, Stephen S.
1920 Caruthera, J. Henry
1914 Elder, Oonwy
1921 Miller, Albert
1921 Otia, Merrill E.
1915 Ragland, William T.
1916 Reeves, Albert L.
«
Joplin (Jasper)
1914 Arnold, Mercer
1913 Spencer, A. E.
Kahoka (Clait)
1916 Dawson, John H.
1920 Gridley, Bert L.
1914 Montgomery, Theodore L
1920 Talbott, Jamea R.
Kaataf Oity (Jackaon)
1920 Adams, Waah
1917 Andrews, Jee&e
1918 Armstrong, David W.
1921 Arnold, Henry L.
1890 Aahley, Henry de L.
1914 Atwood, John H.
1920 Aylward, James P.
1914 Ball, Eugene B.
1896 Ball, B. E.
1914 Bamett, Raymond G.
1920 Berger, Homer H.
1914 Bird. Daniel E.
STATE LIST OF KEMBBBS BY CITIES AND TOWNS.
94?
0it7 (Jackion)
Cont'd
918 Blanton, Horace U.
920 Boetiaa. W. B.
911 Boweraock, Juatin D.
916 Boxley, Fred. A.
916 Boyle, Murat
916 Brady, WUliam Walter
920 Brennan, Redmond S.
914 Brooks, Joaeph S.
920 Brown, Arthur C.
914 Bnimback, Herman
918 Bniner, Glen L.
916 BrTant, Hughea
980 Buchhols, William
921 Budd, Perc7 A.
916 Buah, Obarlea M.
920 Caldwell, Robert B,
916 Oamack, Edwin
921 Oapron, Clarence A.
920 Cleary, John M.
920 Cloud, Wendell H.
916 Conrad, Henry 8.
915 Cooper, Armwell L.
918 Dana, J. W.
916 Day, Georgre W.
921 Deacy, Thomaa E.
915 Dean, Oliver H.
920 Dietrich, Roy K.
921 Douglas, Rey 0.
914 Downey» Francis C.
920 Dunn, Denton
918 Durham, h. E.
912 Edwarda, Verne D.
921 Eaa, Henry N.
916 Brans, Andrew F.
922 Field, R. Harrison
921 Fisher. J. H.
980 Fizsell, Robert B.
915 Floumoy, William S.
980 Gage, John B.
916 Gamble, Emmet H.
911 German, Charles W.
916 Gilkeson, Rose well F.
920 Gilmore, S. T.
914 Godard, Porter B.
918 Goodrich, James E.
911 Ooflsett, Alfred N.
916 Hackney, TlK>mas
904 Haff, Delbert J.
889 Hagerman, Frank
805 Harklcaa, Jaroca H.
915 Harria, Brown
916 Harzfeld, J. A.
1916 Hayward, Francis If.
916 Heidelberger, Wilhelm
916 Heitman, Numa F.
9n Hill, o. 8.
msfloirxi
KaBfM City (Jackm)
Cont'd
1906 Histed, Clifford
1918 Hofsett, William &
1901 Holt, William O.
1914 Hook, Inghram D. '
1916 Howard, B. C.
1918 Howell. Charles It
1916 Howell, Daniel V.
1921 Hulae, D. T.
1916 Hunter, James H.
1921 Imbrie, George R.
1921 Joffee, Jerome M.
1920 Johnson, Donald W.
1920 Johnson, J. M.
1914 Johnson, Waldo P.
1911 Johnson, William T.
1915 Jones, Elliott H.
1904 Jones, John J.
1920 Jost, Henry L.
1896 Udd, Sanford B.
1914 Landon, Iliad. B.
1916 Langknecht, Carl H.
1914 Langworthy, H. M.
1912 Lawler, Clement A.
1918 Lee. Jay M.
1914 Lorie, J. L.
1916 Lucas, John H.
1916 Lyon, A. Stanford
1918 McAllister, Frank W.
1900 McClintock, William S.
1918 McCune, Henry L.
1920 McGilvary, J. B.
1914 Madden, Terrence J.
1916 MarkB, Thomas R.
1916 Martin, Hugh E.
1910 Matthews, William M.
1916 Meriwether, Hunter M.
1921 Meraereau, Geoi^ J.
1980 Meserrey, Edwin O.
1011 Michaels, William C.
1016 Miller, Arthur
1914 Moore, Frank H.
1914 Moore, Hunt C.
1901 Moore, McCabe
1918 Morriaon, Edwin R.
1916 Morse, William J.
1914 Norton, George P.
1916 Nourse, James B.
1980 Nugent, Anthony P.
1920 Nugent, J. E.
1914 O'Donnell, Martin J.
1921 Page, Henry C.
1916 Palmer, Clarence S.
1980 Patterson, A. Z.
1911 Piatt, William U. H.
1909 Powell, Elmer N.
1916 Proctor, David M.
Oltj (Jadcaon)
Cont'd
Reed, Jamca A.
Reeder, Prentiss E.
Reynolds, Thomaa H.
Rogers, John W.
Rosenberger, Julea C.
Rosenrweig, Grant L
Rozielle, Frank F.
Sawyer, Sanmel W.
ScarHtt, A. D.
Scarritt, William C.
Sebree, Sam. B.
Setzler, Edward A.
Sherman, Adrian F.
Silverman, Oeraon B.
Smart, James G.
Smith, Arthur F.
Southern, Allen 0.
Sparrow, Sam
Spellman, Clarence I.
Stone, Kimbrough
Strother, Albert R.
Thacher, John H.
Thomas, William 0.
Thomson, William
Titus, Frank
Trimble, Francis H.
Turpin, Rees
Vanvalkenburgh, Arba S.
Vineyard, J. J.
Waltner, W. R.
Wataon, Isaac N.
Watson, Raymond B.
Watta, W. H. L.
Welch, Lealie A.
Williamson, John I.
Wilson, Albert L.
Wilson, Francis M.
Winger, Maurice H.
Winston, Charlea H.
Wylder, L. Newton
Zurabninn, William F.
1916
19n
1908
1921
1913
1914
1900
loei
1922
1914
1916
1980
1914
1981
1918
1916
1980
1080
1918
1914
1914
1918
1911
1916
1809
1916
1918
1918
1900
1981
1916
1921
1910
1920
1911
1914
1921
1980
1916
1980
1916
(Barton)
1916 Timmonds, H. W.
La PUta (Macon)
1980 Jonea, Elmer O.
Lesa Summit (Jackson)
1988 Oarr, William H.
Lexington (Lafayette)
1916 Ristine, Carl L.
948
AMEBIGAN BAB A8800IATI0N.
Lovliiaiia (Pike)
1916 Peanon, Eugene
1920 Peanon, Ras L.
lUooB (lUoon)
1920 OoodKm, Walter 0.
1920 Hughes, Dan R.
1920 Lacy, Nat. M.
1920 Sheltonp Nat M.
1920 Van Oleaye, William U.
XafihaU (Saline)
1914' Davis, Samuel
lUryriUa (Nodaway)
1916 Ellison, George Robb
KaysvlUe (De Ralb)
1916 Hewitt, Robert A.
Xamphls (Scotland)
1916 Pettingill, N. H.
Mexico (Audrain)
1914 Barnes, Clarence A.
1914 Fry, W. W., Jr.
1914 Gantt, E. S.
1921 Hollingaworth. Frank
1921 Shannon, E. A.
1920 Stocks, Harry Q«
1914 Stocks, S. D.
1921 Whitson, A. C.
Moberlar (Randolph)
1916 CSave, Willard P.
1914 Lilly, J.
Xonett (Barry)
1916 Mayhew, D. S.
Mt. Vornon (Laurence)
1920 HeiMon» Charles h.
Nevada (Vernon)
1914 Gilbert, Charles E.
1916 January, H. T.
Vew London (Ralls)
1916 Hendrix, Frank C.
Vow MAdHd (New Madrid)
1916 Riley, Henry 0., Jr.
Fiednont (Wayne)
1920 Daniel, A. O.
1916 Daniel. J. B.
1920 Stephens, Grover C.
UBBOmtX
Ftotte Olty (Platte)
1916 Anderson, Norton B.
Poplar Bluff (Butter)
1916 Abington, Ed. L.
1920 Henson, L. M.
1914 Hill, Darid W.
1920 Meredith, Willis H.
1916 Phillips, Sam M.
1920 Sheppard, J. O.
Pototl (Johnson)
1920 BanU, Parke M.
1920 Dearing, E. M.
at GoaoYioTo (St. Genevieve)
1916 Hock, Peter H.
St. Josaph (Buchanan)
1914 Boyer, John S.
1909 Brown, Robert A.
1916 Dolman, John E.
1916 Douglas, R. L.
1916 Faust, (Carles L.
1916 GuiUr, A. Leonard
1921 James, W. K.
1921 Landis, John C, Jr.
1914 Mitchell, Orestes
1914 Peterson, J. W.
1907 Pike, Vinton
1914 Randolph, Kendall B.
1914 Ryan, Thomas F.
1914 Spalding, Elliott
1914 Stringfellow. William E.
at Loula (St. Louis City)
1902 Abbott, Augustus L.
1916 Able, Sidney Thome
1920 Alexander, Alonao A.
1880 Allen, Charles Claflin
1907 Allen, Clifford B.
1920 Ammen, Francis D.
1914 Andrews, E. D.
1912 Angert, Eugene H.
1917 Arnold, Glendy B.
1916 Atkinson, John M.
1904 Babbitt, Byron F.
1917 Bacon, Frederick H.
1804 Bakewell, Paul
1916 Bakewell, Paul, Jr.
1914 Banister, E. W.
1883 Barclay, Shepard
1913 Barker, Hany C.
1922 Baron, David
1920 Baron, M. G.
1912 Barth, Irvin V.
1920 Bartlett, Daniel
I 1907 Bates, Charles W.
St. Louis (St. Louis City)
Cont'd
1921 Bates, William Maffltt
1912 Becker, William Dee
1920 Beckett, R. C, Jr.
1920 Beckett. Richard C.
1920 Bedal, Wm. S.
1918 Biggs, Davis
1914 Bishop, 0. Orrick
1900 Bishop, John E.
1916 Blackinton, Oliver
1896 Blair, Albert
1916 Blayney, J. M.
1920 Blesie, William J.
1904 Blevins, John A.
1913 Bliss, H. J.
1912 Block, George M.
1907 Blodgett, Henry W.
1016 Blodgett, Wells H.
1922 Boinesu, Marlon E.
1911 Bond, Sterling P.
1911 Bond, Thomas
1920 Booth, George E.
1920 Brady. Walter L.
1916 Breaker, George J.
1911 Britton, Roy P.
1920 Brooks, Louis J., Jr.
1916 Brown, Nathaniel a
1916 Brownrigg, Richard T.
1899 Bryan, P. Tayk>r
1917 Bryan, William Christy
1904 Bryson, Joseph M.
1909 Buder, O. A.
1909 Buder, Oscar B.
1916 Cslhoun, John W.
1917 Campbell, William Sher
man
1914 Cannon, Thomas D.
1916 Caplan, Ephrim
1904 (3arr, James A.
1914 Carroll, James E.
1920 Carter, Emmet T.
1908 Carter, W. P.
1916 Case, Clarence T.
1916 Cashman, John
1914 Caulfleld, Henry 8.
1914 Cave. Rhodes B.
1920 (%aney, James M.
1921 Chaplin, Tresoott P.
1920 Chapman, Wilton 0.
1899 Charles, Benjsmin H.
1920 ChssnofT, Jacob *
1917 Claiborne. James R.
1920 Clark, Bennett C.
1920 Clarke, Chauncey H.
1901 CUrke, Euos
1911 Cbbba, Thomas H.
1892 Cochran, Alexander G.
STATE LIST 07 MEMBBBS BY CITIE8 AKD TOWNS.
949
St. loiiii (St. Louto City)
OoDt'd
USO Goffman, Frank
1920 Coleman, Frank B.
1007 Ooles, Walter D.
1011 Comer, Charles P.
1001 Conant, Erneat B.
1021 Connett, W. C.
1016 Cook, Howard G.
1017 Corlia, George L.
1917 Oomwell, Frederick L.
1014 CrewSk Thomas R.
1012 Oullen. P. H.
1014 Cummings, Campbell
1016 Cummings, George B.
1914 Curlee, Francis M.
1014 Currie, Dwight D.
1021 Curtis, Edward Glion
1020 Dame, James E.
1010 D'Arcy, Edward
1917 Daviee, William H.
1020 Davis, Charles B.
1017 Davis, Joseph T.
191B Davis, Manton
1018 Denvir, John B.. Jr.
1011 Dickson, Joseph, Jr.
1914 Diehm, Walter
1914 Dodge, Ernest C.
1921 Dolan, Charles J.
1911 Donnell, Forrest C.
1920 Douglass, W. II.
1920 Dubinsky, Carl M.
1917 Dyer, H. tJhouteau
1902 Early, Marion C.
1920 Eberle, Alphonse Q^
1916 Eberle, Charles
1920 Eckert, Arthur C.
1916 Edwards, Geo. L.
1921 Edwards, M. Murry
1912 Eggers, Theodore C.
1806 Eliot, Edward C.
1920 ElUojLt, Bruce S.
1916 Evans, W. F.
1916 Fahey, William F.
1917 Falkenhainer, Victor H.
1914 Faris, Charles B.
1920 Farrar, Christy M.
1914 Fauntleroy, Thomas T.
1920 Ferrenbach, Edward A.
1016 Ferris, Forrest Q.
1008 Ferriss, Franklin
1012 Ferriss, Henry T.
1017 Feuerbacher, Maic W.
1020 Findley, D. L.
1021 Fisher, Walter N.
1017 Fitzsimroons, John T.
1006 Fordyce, 8, W.
1020 Pox, Carl
MISflOVBI
St. Lottifl (St. Louii Oitr)
Cont'd
1914 Frank, Harry A.
1020 Frank, Lena
1020 Freund, Arthur J,
1917 Frey, A. B.
1010 Frumberg, A. H.
1920 Garesche, Edmond A. B.
1011 Garesche, ViUl W.
1004 Garvin, William £.
1014 Gentry, William R.
1917 Gilbert, William B.
1920 Gleick, Harry S.
1916 Goldsmith, David
1917 Golterman, Guy
1920 Ooodbar, Alvan J.
1917 Goodwin, John M.
1904 Grant, Lee W.
1920 Gravely, Joseph J.
1014 Green, Ernest A.
1016 Green, James F.
1014 Green, John F.
1020 Green, John Raebum
1007 Greensfelder, Bernard
1020 Grier, Robert C.
1014 Griffin, Everett Paul
1018 Grimm, J. H.
1004 Grossman, Emanuel If.
1014 Haeuasler, Harry H.
1006 Hagerman, Lee W.
1016 Haid, Edward A.
1017 Haid, George F.
1012 Hall, Claud D.
1020 Hall, Fred S.
1013 Hall, Homer
1020 Hall, Robert W.
1011 Hamilton, Henry A.
1017 Hammer, O. W.
1011 Hancock, W. Scott
1020 Harlan, Carroll W.
1020 Harlan, Thoa. B.
1015 Harris, Virgil McClure
1016 Hartmann, Moses
1012 Har>-ey, Thomas B.
1014 Haslam, Lewis S.
1020 Hauaman, Albert E.
1016 Hay, CJharles M.
1017 Hvden, Merritt U.
1020 Hayes, Walter A.
1020 Haynes, Deloa G.
1017 Henderson, Devereauz
1020 Henning, Thomas C.
1017 Henry, J. Porter
1020 Hinch, A. L.
1007 Hitchcock, (Seorge O.
1015 Hobein, Frank A.
1012 Hogan, Granville
at. Louii (St Louis City)
Cont'd
1011 Holliday, John Hodgman
lOSO Hoolan, T. J.
1004 Hough, Warwick M.
1016 Houts, Charles A.
1021 Howe, Alphonso
1014 Howell, J. L.
1016 HulTman, Edwin E.
1016 Igoe, WiUiam L.
1022 Irland, FVank W*.
1017 Jackson, Owen G.
1015 Jamison, Dorscy A.
1916 Jeffries, Sam. B.
1006 Jones, James C.
1020 Jones, James C, Jr.
1911 Jones, Richard A.
1920 Jones, W. T.
1916 Jones, Wilbur B.
1906 Jourdan, Morton
1920 Juat, Arnold
1916 Kalish, Ralph
1016 Kammerer, A. B.
1021 Kane, Joseph
1014 Kehde, Alfred
1017 Keil, William Theodore
1017 Kelso. I. R.
1017 Killoren. William H.
1022 King, Goodman
1012 Ring, Jamea B.
1016 Kingsland, Lawrence
Chappell
1015 Rinsey, William M.
1007 Kirby, Daniel X.
1020 Klene, Benjamin J.
1020 Kohn. William
1020 Kratky, Robert J.
1017 Kruger, Chauncey J.
1016 Knim, Chester H.
1020 Lacy, Verne
1020 Lake, Edward W.
1020 Landwehr, Frank
1020 Lansing, A. B.
1020 I^rimore, H. H.
1020 Lashly. Arthur ▼.
1013 LashlyTJ. M.
1020 Lavin, Patrick A.
1020 Leahy, John P.
1006 Leahy, John 8.
1014 Lee, Edwin W.
1006 Lee, John P.
1897 Lehmann, Frederick W.
1917 Lehmann, John 8.
1909 Lehmann, Sears
.921 Leonard, L. L. .
1920 Levi, Abraham L.
1920 Levinson, Morris O.
1916 Lockwood, (}eorge R.
950
AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION.
St. Louii (St. Louis City)
Cont'd
1920 Longan. Edward E.
1920 Lowenhaupt, Abraham
1916 Lubke, 0«orge W., Jr.
1901 Lyon, Montague
1916 McCarthy, John R.
1911 McChesney, 8. P.
1916 McCullen, Edward J.
1917 McDaniel, Lawrence
1909 McDonald, Jease
1920 McFarland, Batea H.
1916 McLaran, Rcbert L.
1914 McQuillin, Eugene
1920 McRoberta, R. H.
1914 Macauley, O. J.
1918 Mackaj, Oeorge O.
1916 Maroney, A. C.
1914 Martin, William McC.
1916 Mayer, Louia
1920 Mayne, Walter R.
1916 Meng, Tliofl. S.
1920 Merriam, Edwin O.
1914 Miller, Edward T.
1918 Miller, Franklin
1921 Miller, Victor J.
1920 Milligan, James J.
1920 Minnia, Milton S.
1016 Mitchell, Samuel A.
1920 Mohr, Frank A.
1911 Moloney, Robert E.
1914 Moore, Oeorge H.
1916 Morgan, William O.
1920 Morrow, Ohas. E
1017 Moraey, Ohaae
1915 Muench, Julius T.
1890 Nagel, Charles
1918 Nahler, Eugene O.
1920 Nangle, John J.
1911 Nardin, William T.
1916 Nelson, Earl F.
1917 Neun, Walter J. G.
1920 Noell, Charles Preston
1916 Nohl, Walter H.
1920 Nolan, John A.
1918 Nowlin, Claude
1018 Oberschelp, Heniy H.
1916 O'Brien, John J.
1916 Oliver, Arthur L.
1909 Orr, laaac H.
1904 Orrick. Allen C.
1916 Orthwein, William R.
1898 Ottoty, L. Frank
1911 Overall, John H.
1921 Overall, Sidney R.
1020 Painter, Earl U.
1920 Parker, Jones H.
1920 Pearcy, Claude O.
XISSOVEZ
8t. Louis (St. Louis City)
Cont'd
1921 Pearcy, Elmer E.
1917 Philips, Thomas L.
1917 PhlllipB, Alroy 8.
1906 Pierce, Thomas M.
1914 Pirkey, Earl M.
1920 Plaisted, H. M.
1920 Pohlman, J. Harry
1911 Polk, Charles M.
1914 Priest, Heniy 8.
1920 Prince, Carroll Thomas
1920 Ralthel, Edward A.
1914 Rassieur, Leo S.
1900 Rassieur, Theodore
1017 Remmers, Oliver T.
1911 Reynolds, George V.
1911 Robert, Douglas W.
1917 Roebke, Emil
1920 Roessel, Robert A.
1916 Rogers, Stephen C.
1911 Rombauer, Edgar R.
1916 Rosenfeld, Samuel
1920 Roflskopf, Henry A.
1910 Roudebush, A. H.
1916 Rowe, T. J.
1916 Rowe, Thos. J., Jr.
1921 Rowland, Claude K.
1917 Rutledge, Charles W.
1917 Rutledge, Thomas G.
1907 Ryan. O'Neill
1016 Sale, Moses N.
1016 Salkey, J. Sydney
1912 Saunders, Walter H.
1921 Schaumberg, William H.
1920 Schelp, Walter F.
1920 Schneider, Wm. R.
1917 Schneiderhahn, Edward
V. P.
1920 Sehwarzenbach, Edgar
H.
1916 Schweizer, A. L.
1915 Shepley, John F.
1916 Sher, Louis B.
1920 Simpson, Arthur E.
1914 Small, Harold R.
1904 Smith, Luther Ely
1889 Spencer. Selden P.
1920 Sprague, Harry E.
1917 Springmeyer, Oeorge A.
1916 Starke, Brace
1914 Stewart, Alexander P.
1920 Stokes, Thomas 0.
1920 Strublnger, Joseph T.
1911 Sturdevant, WiUard L.
1913 Sullivan, Frank H.
1904 Swarts, Solomon L.
1017 Taylor, Daniel O.
8t. Louis (St. Loois City)
Cont'd
1911 Tio^lor, Peny Post
1916 l^n Broek, G. H.
1017 Thomas, Spencer M.
1920 lliompoon, Frank A.
1018 Tikompaon, Guy A.
180B Thompson, William B.
1020 Tucker, Miltoa H.
1916 Tumey, John R.
1917 Upthegrove, Daniel
1920 Yaugfaan, John O.
1917 Vetabarg, Karl M.
1911 Tierling, Frederick
1016 Toylea, David W.
1906 Wagner, Hugh K.
1916 Wallace, S. Mayner
1918 Walsh, Edward P.
1900 Walther, Lambert E.
1907 Watts, Millard F.
1916 Webster, George B.
1917 Weinbrenner, J. Ray
1911 Werner, Percy
1080 Wcscoat, Clarence F.
1911 West, Samuel H.
mi White, Edward J.
19U White, Thomas W.
1916 Whitehill, Hibbard G.
1016 Wiget, Frank J.
1900 Wilfley, Xenophen P.
1912 Williams, 0. B.
1912 Williams, TyrreU
1918 Winstewl, George W.
1921 Wise, Philip 0.
1904 WisUsenus, Fred A.
1878 Withrow, James E.
1921 Witthaus, John A.
1911 Wocmer, WiUiam F.
1909 Wood, John M.
19» Wood, Myrtle B.
1920 Woodward, Willian B.
1916 Toung, Tftylor R.
1917 Young, Tnmian Post
1917 Zeppenfeld, Robert M.
1916 Zumbalen, Joseph H.
•
Sftlom (Dent)
1916 DaltoD, G. a
Iftv&Biuih (Andrew;
1916 WUliams» I. B.
8«dAlU (Pettla)
1920 Dow, Harvey D.
1920 Rocker, Boy W.
STATB LIST OF MEMBEBS BY CITIES AND TOWNS.
961
8pri]icfl«ld (Oreeoe)
1014 Barbour, Edward A.
ino Bate*. 8. 0.
1917 CamabaB, John M.
1916 Chilton, J. William
1917 Dunt, Hany D.
1916 Farrfngton, John &
1916 HamUn, O. T.
1990 Hawkfna, Kirk
1914 McDa^id, Frank H.
1915 Kann, Edgar P.
1914 Orr, W. J.
1916 PatteraoD, Orln
1914 Bchmook, John
1916 Tatlow, Wm. D.
1921 Williams, Frank B.
Trenton (Grundy)
1916 Hubbell, Piatt
Troy (Idnooln)
1916 Bums, John L.
VnlTonlty Oiiy (St. Louis)
1921 Oistlen, Harry Wight-
man
W4rronton (Warren)
1916 Roehrig, Emil
Washington (Franklin)
1912 Andrews, Sidney F.
Waynesrillo (Pulaski)
1921 Eldredge, H. O.
1916 Reed, George M.
Wehh Oitj (Jasper)
1914 Forlow, Frank L.
Wostboro (Atchison)
1918 McOoll, Clark A.
Wo9ton (Platte)
1921 Riley, Terrence
West PUina (Howell)
1916 Hogan, Robeit 8.
MOKTAHA
Anaconda (Deerlodge)
1921 Knight, J. B. C.
Ballantlno (Yellowstone)
1919 Cohen, Harry K.
Mliaoni— MOVTAVA
Bluings (Yellowstone)
1917 Brown, Rockwood
1922 Chappie, Henry A.
1922 Coleman, H. J.
1922 Crippen, H. C.
1917 GrimsUd, O. King
1906 Harwood, E. N.
1906 Johnston, W. M.
1922 McKinney, J. Herbert
1922 Shea, Thomas F.
1922 Wiggenhom, R. G.
1922 Wilson, Harry L.
1911 Wood, Sterling M.
Boseman (Gallatin)
1921 Aitken, Walter
1906 Hartman, C. S.
1906 Hartman, W. S.
1922 Patten, George Y.
1921 Smith, Justin M.
Bntte (Silver Bow)
1918 Bourquin, George H.
1921 Davis, T. J.
1921 Fluent, F. C.
1921 Genzberger, Earle N.
1921 Griffin. Joseph H.
1921 Groeneveld, John A.
1918 Kremer, J. Bruce
1921 Leonard, Charles R.
lOOB Rodgers, William B.
1921 Shelton, George F.
1918 Stiyers. D. Gay
1921 Walker, Frank C.
1921 Walker, Thomas J.
Obotoan (Teton)
1918 Sulgrove, James
Door Lodge (Powell)
1916 Reeley, William E.
(Lincoln)
1922 Pomcroy, H. G.
Forsyth (Rosebud)
1922 Young, Margaret
Qlaigow (Valley)
1914 Dignan, Thomas
1916 Hurly, John
Great Falls (Cascade)
1916 Callaway, Lew L.
1918 Cooper, Ransom
lffl9 Hoover, W. H.
1919 Hurd, George E.
Great VaUi (Csscade) Cont'd
1919 McCue, T. F.
1906 McKensie, John
1922 Meigs, Wellington H.
1916 O'Leary. W. F.
1915 Peters, Julius O.
Hardin (Big Horn)
1922 Gillette, O. F.
Helena (Lewis and Clark)
1906 Brantley, Theodore
1922 Brooks, Herbert L.
1906 Day, E. C.
1922 Foot, L. A.
1915 Gunn, Milton S.
1906 Holloway, W. L.
1915 Pigott, William T.
1921 Rankin, Wellington D.
1896 Scallon, William
1922 Spaulding, C. A.
1922 Toomey, Edmond' Gal-
braith
1908 Walsh, James A.
Kalispell (Flathesd)
1922 Aronson, A. T.
1922 Brennen, William J.
1922 Child, Ernest M.
1922 Erickson, J. E.
1922 Kendall, H. A.
1922 King, Dean
1922 Logan, Sidney M.
1908 Noffsinger, W. N.
1906 Pomeroy, Charles W.
1922 Rockwood, J. B.
1911 Ross, David
1922 Walchli, Hans
Libby (Lincoln)
1922 Blackford, James M.
1922 Gray, W, H.
1922 Rowland, M. D.
LlTingston (Park)
1916 Allen, Elbert F.
1921 Gibson, Fred L.
1921 Miller, H. J.
1921 O'Connor, James F.
MUee Olty (C^iater)
1906 Farr, George W.
1922 Walker, Sharpless
Missoula (Missoula)
1920 Murphy, William Larkin
1915 Parsons, Harry H.
19Z1 Pope, Walter L.
958
AM£RIGAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
Mlitonla (MtaBoula) Cont'd
1920 Wayne, William
1917 Whitlock, Albert New-
Ion
PhUipiburff (Granite)
1921 McHugb, R. E.
&»d Lodff« (Carbon)
1922 Simmons, Hubert A.
Roundup (MuBselahell)
1912 Mathews, Thoa. J.
1922 Mercer, W. W.
1918 Tbompaon, Carl N.
81dn«7 (Richland)
1922 Brattin, Carl L.
8tevenivtll« (Rayalli)
1921 BaggB, Ckorge T.
WhitaflBli (Flathead)
1920 Frederick, Bock D.
HEBRABKA
Alliance (Box Butte)
1922 Basye, Lee
Aurora (Hamilton)
1918 Stanley, Marion F.
Beatrioo (Gage)
1921 Colby, Leonard W.
1921 Kidd. Albertufl H.
1914 Pemberton, L. M.
1906. Rinaker, Samuel
1921 Sackett, H. E.
BeaTor City (Fumaa)
1922 Lambe, Edward J.
Benkelman (Dundy)
1921 Hinea, David G.
1921 Ratcliife, C. A.
Blair (Washington)
1921 Maher, William J.
Broken Bow (Custer)
1916 Oadd, N. T.
1916 Myeri, Edwin F.
1921 Runyan, Merle M.
1921 Schaper, William 0.
1014 Squires, Edwin E.
MOXTAVA--WXBBABXA
Centntl Olty (Merrick)
1918 Martin, J. 0.
1921 Raecke, Walter R.
1914 Ross, Elmer E.
Ohadroa (Dawes)
1914 Crites, Edwin D.
Oreighton (Knox)
1922 Green, Joseph F.
1914 Meserve, W. A.
Crote (Saline)
1914 Hastings, George U.
I>akota City (DakoU)
1919 Evans, Robert E.
David City (Butler)
1921 Ooufal, Edward A.
Dunning (Blaine)
1921 Rezac, Anton A.
Fliirbury (Jefferson)
1914 Barnes, W. H.
1914 Denney; (3iarles H.
Fremont (Dodge)
1914 Abbott, C. E.
1912 Loomis, George Linden
1922 Sidner, Seymour S.
Friend (Saline)
1912 Proudflt, Robert M.
Geneva (Fillmore)
1922 Sloan, Charles H.
Goring (Scotts Bluff)
1914 Hobart, Ralph W.
1921 White, William W.
Grand Island (Hall)
1911 Paine, Bayard H.
1907 Ryan, Charles G.
Greoloy (Greeley)
1914 Howard, T. J.
Eaiglor (Dundy)
1919 Crone, Fred. Henshaw
Hartington (Cedar)
1914 Bryant, Wilbur F.
1914 Robinson, J. C.
Waattugi (AdaiBB)
1914 Dilworth, W. A.
1912 Fuller, Philip R.
1922 Lawler, John A.
Hebron (Thayer)
1921 Hess, Hsrvey W.
XndlanoU (RedwUlow)
1909 Kcyes, Harlow W.
Xeamoy (Buflialo)
1922 Drake, Hugh A.
1904 Dryden, John N.
1920 Fitzgerald, Joseph M.
1916 McDermott, Edward P.
1921 McDonald, N. P.
1914 Miller, John A.
1922 Worlock, Montague H.
Laurel (Cedar)
1917 Voter, Frank P.
LiaoolB (Lancaster)
1914 Adama, Qeo. A.
1921 Ankeny. Harry B.
1914 Barrett, Dexter T.
1921 Broacly, Jefferson H.
1918 Brown, Elmer W.
1921 Chappell, Elwood B.
1921 Cosgrave, P. James
1921 Davis, Clarence A.
1916 Dean, James R.
1921 Devoe, Robert W.
1918 Doyle, T. J.
1914 Flaherty, D. J.
1914 Foster, Fred C.
1921 Foster, George Nimmons
1914 Foster, Henry H.
1922 Good, Paul F.
1914 Greene, Philip F.
1901 Greene, Robert J.
1901 Hainer, Eugene J.
1906 Hall, Frank M.
1921 Halligan, P. R.
1921 Lcdwith, John J.
1901 Letton, (Varies B.
1914 McClenahan, Daniel H.
1921 Mataon, diaries C.
1920 Morning, W. M.
1916 Morriasey, Andrew M.
1922 Otis, E. R.
1912 Peny, Ernest Beit
1921 Peterson, C. Petrus
1901 Robbins, Charles A.
1914 Rosenthal, Herman
1921 Sanden, Ctrl E.
1918 Seavey. Warren A.
STATE LIST OF MBHBBB8 BY CITIB6 AND TOWNS.
953
Unoolii (Lancaster) Oont'd
1921 Stewart, John M.
1912 Stewart, Willard E.
1914 Strode, Jeaw B.
1914 Tuttle, Samuel J.
1921 Walford, Roy H.
1892 Wllwn, Henry H.
1921 WUaon, Ralph P.
1914 WoUenbarger, A. Q.
KoOook (Redwillow)
1921 Eldred, Charlea E.
Kadiaon (Madison)
1906 Allen, William V.
1922 DowUnr. William L.
1919 Reed. Willis R.
Mliidcn (Kearney)
1921 Anderbery, Oharles P.
1921 McPheeley* J. L.
Vebraaka City (Otoe)
1914 Jeasen, Paul
1914 Livingston, D. W.
Vcliffh (Antelope)
1922 W^illiams, O. A.
Norfolk (Madison)
1922 W^amer, Frank
N. PUUo (Unooln)
1906 Beeler, Joseph G.
Omaka (Douglas)
1916 Baldrige, H. R.
1890 Baxter, Irving F.
1901 Blackburn, Thomas W.
1913 Bockea, Thomas W.
1900 Brogan, Francis A.
1914 Broroe, Clinton
1912 Brown, Norrls
1913 Burbank, B. Q.
1918 Congdon, I. E.
1919 Corey, Merton L.
1918 Oane, Thomas D.
1911 Oofoot, Lodowick F.
1918 Cunningham, M. O.
1918 De Lamatre, Clayton
Wm.
1918 Dressier, Wymer
1901 Elgutter, Oharica S.
1911 Ellick, Alfred O.
1922 Fehrman, Henry J.
1022 Fradenburg, Joaepb B.
1914 rnmr, Wm. 0.
HSBBASSA^-arXyAOA
Onaha (Douglaa) Cont'd
1922 Qainet, Franda 8.
1922 Oainea, Frank H.
1906 Gurley, W. F.
1897 Hall. Matthew A«
1914 Haller, Oharlea W.
1901 Haatinga, W. O.
1916 HoU, William J.
1918 Johnson, Alvin F.
1906 Kennedy, Howard
1907 Kennedy, J. A. a
1904 Kinsler, James C.
1911 Learned, Myron L.
1918 Leary, Edward F.
1906 Loomia, N. U.
1922 McBean, Alan J.
1918 McQilton, E. G.
1921 McGuire, T. J.
1912 Magaw, CHiarlea A.
1922 Matthews, Francis P.
1021 Mecham, George N.
1897 Montgomery, Carroll B.
1911 Moorhead, Harley G«
1911 Moraman, Edgar M., Jr.
1918 Mullen, Arthur F.
1919 Ifyera, Hugh A.
1918 Neely, Robert D.
1912 Page, E. O.
1918 Ramaey, William C.
1921 Randall, Frank E.
1922 Randall. WMliam L.
1920 Raymond, Anan
1912 Ready, James H.
1918 Redick, Oak C.
1918 Redick, William A.
1906 Rich, Edson
1906 Rine, John A.
1918 Root, Jeaae L.
1916 Roaewater, Stanley M.
1916 Saxton, Howard
1906 Scandrett, Henry A.
1918 SchaU, W. A.
1914 Seaia, Charles W.
1897 Smith, Howard B.
1922 StaulTer, Carroll 0.
1916 Thomas, Amos
1916 Van Orsdel, R. A.
1918 Vinaonhaler, Duncan M.
1906 Webster, John L.
1918 Woodland, Frank H.
1911 Woodrough, Joseph W.
1916 Wright, Fred. A.
1918 Young, Raymond O.
1922 Zlegler, Isidor
Ord (Valley)
1921 Davia, Clarence M.
1918 Davis, Claude A.
OiomU (Polk)
1914 Mills. M. A.
PapilUoB (Sarpy)
1921 Nickerwm, E. 8.
PUttnnovtk (Oaaa)
1914 Dwyer, D. O.
Ponca (Dixon)
1921 Kingabury. C. O.
Schnylar (Colfax)
1922 Alien, Wm. L
Boottablnif (Scotts Bluff)
1914 Morrow, Wn.
1921 Motheraead, James G.
1921 Simmons, Robert G.
1921 York, Boacoe T.
Soward (Seward)
1914 Thomaa, J. J.
StapUtOB (Logan)
1901 (yNeiU, Hany B.
StookrUla (Frontier)
1914 Cheney, Luka H.
Teoumiak (Johnson)
1906 Davidaon. Samuel P.
1921 Weetwood, Lewia C.
Txyon (McPherson)
1921 McGraw, J. A.
WaltkiU (ThurBtoB)
1912 Keefe, Harry L.
Wayna (Wayne)
1914 Berry, Frederick S.
WMt Point (Coming)
1918 Anderson, O. C.
WUber (Saline)
1919 Kohout, B. V.
NET ADA
Oarion City (Ormaby)
1922 Baldy, W. E.
1922 Charts, Afred Jean
1918 Coleman, Benjamin W.'
1916 Ducker, Edward A.
1918 Fairiligton, E. 8.
1921 Fowler. Leonard B.
1922 Mooney, Homer
954
AHERIOAK BAB A8800IATION.
Oarion Olty (Onnsby) Cont'd
1914 Poujade, I.
1914 BandezB, John A.
1922 Sanford, George L.
1922 Wright, Benson
SUM (Elko)
1916 Badt, Milton B.
1915 Gaine, Edwin E.
1922 Oarville, E. P.
1921 Gaatle» Herbert U.
1922 HenderMn, Charles B.
1918 Johnson, Elmer
1922 McNaniani, J. M.
1922 Taber, E. J. L.
Sly (White Pine)
1920 Boreman, Gilbert F.
1918 Chandler, Charles S.
1921 Edwards, Harold Wm.
1922 Jurich, Anthony
1918 Lockhart, James M.
1920 McFadden, Clarence J.
1921 Quayle, Bert L.
TtBllon (ChurotaiU)
1922 Haight, A. L.
Qwxd%nfiU» (Douglas)
1922 Montrose, George A.
Lm Tegai (Clark)
1922 Breeze, Clarence Dean
1922 Butteed, Richard
1922 Clarke, John Robb
1922 Ham, A. W.
1922 Henderson, A. &
1922 Hinman, A. A.
1918 Horsey. Charles Lee
1922 LUlis, Henry M
1922 McNamee, F. R.
1922 McNamee, Leo A.
1922 Martin, Edgar Lb
1922 Orr, William E.
1922 Stevens, Frank A.
lovelock (Perehing)
1922 Goodman, Booth B.
Mlnden (Kearney)
1922 Brockliss, Frank E.
Piooho (Lincoln)
1982 Scott, A. L.
Bono (Washoe)
1922 Ayres, Albert D.
1922 Bartlett, George A.
vzYABA— vzw SAimaaxs
Beao (Washoe) Cont'd
1913 Belford, Samuel W.
1918 Boyd. James T.
1918 Brown, George 8.
1921 Cantwell. Charles A.
1922 Cheney, Everett W.
1918 Cooke. Hermon B.
1922 Curler, B. F.
1921 Diskin, Michael A.
1918 French, Leroy N.
1922 Gardiner, W. M.
1918 Green, George 8.
1918 Harwood, Cble L.
1907 Hawkins, Prince A.
1921 Henley. Benjamin J.
1922 Heward, Harlan L.
1922 Huskey, H. Walter
1922 Kearney, W. M.
1922 Knklinski. Otto 8.
1922 Kunz, John F.
1922 Leeds, Wm. P.
1922 Luncford, E. F.
1920 McCarran, Patrick A.
1922 Mcintosh, C. H.
1922 McKnight, William
1982 Mashbum, Arthur Gray
1922 Moore, Milton B.
1918 Moran, Thomas F.
1918 Norcross, Frank H.
1922 Morehouse, H. V.
1918 Orr, John 8.
1922 Percy, Hugh
1922 Pike, Leroy F.
1918 Piatt, Samuel
1918 Price, Robert M.
1922 Richards, Charles L.
1922 Salisbury. A. N.
1922 Salter, Thomas J. D.
1922 Seeds, William P.
1922 Short, Edward C.
1922 Sinai, John S.
1921 Springmeyer, George
1917 Stoddard, Boy W.
1990 Summerfleld, Lester D.
1916 Talbot, Cteorge F.
1918 Thatcher, George B.
1916 Van Der Werker, Jerome
L.
1922 Warren, Anna M.
192S Williams, Eugene L.
1922 Wilson, Wayne T.
1918 Withers, Robert G.
1917 Woodbum, William
Tonopali (Nye)
1918 AtUnaon, Harry H.
1913 AveriU, Mark B.
Tonopah (Nye) Cont'd
1911 Brown, Hugh H.
1918 Porman, William
1921 Hatton, William D.
1922 Rowson. Walter
Wtnaomsooft (Humboldt)
1918 <3al]ahan, James A.
1918 Campbell. Louis G.
1922 Hawkins, Leslie O.
1917 Langwitb, J. A.
Yorlngtoa (I^^on)
1921 Guild, Clark J.
VZW HAMP8KIKX
Borlin (Coos)
1922 OouloiDbe, Ofide J
1018 Daley, Daniel J.
1907 Rich, George F.
1918 Sullivan, Edmund
1922 Thayer. Irm W.
Briatol (Grafton)
1916 Swain, Clarence Gordon
(naromoiit (Sullivan)
1906 Hurd, Henry N.
OdBOord (Merrimack)
1918 Brown, Harry J.
1918 Couch, Benjamin W.
1918 Deroond, Fred. C
1920 Doherty, J. JoeepL
1920 Donovan, Joseph C.
1906 Hollis, Allen
1918 Martin, Nathaniel E.
1918 Matthews, Joseph 8.
1916 Murchie, Alexander
1921 Page, Edwin L.
1907 Remick, James W.
1910 Sawyer, William H.
1918 Stevens, Henry W.
1801 Streeter, Frank S.
1918 Sollowsy, Frank J.
1918 Woodworth, Edward K.
I>«T«r (StraiTord)
1918 Hughes^ Oeorgv T.
Bx«t«r (RocUngfannn)
1918 Soammon, John
1918 Toaiw, John E.
maklin (Meniauck)
1918 PaitoML Fnak M.
STATE LIST OF MEMBEBS BY CITIES AND TOWNS.
965
E.
ChirliAm (Coos)
1918 Marble, Thomas L,
Gro^eton (Com)
1922 Aldrich, Arthur C.
Hanover (Grafton)
1905 Oolby. James F.
10Z1 Richardson, James P.
Keene (Oheshire)
1914 Allen, John E.
1918 Cain, Orville E.
1921 Faulkner, Philip H.
1919 Landers, John Joseph
1921 Madden, Charles A.
1911 Madden, Joseph
1921 Pickard, Roy M.
LaoonU (Belknap)
1920 Beckford, Frank M.
1922 Fowler, Frederick W.
1919 Hale, Fletcher
1922 Hlbbard, Charles B.
1906 Jewett, Stephen S.
1920 Jewett, Theo S.
1922 Normandin, Fortucat
1918 Owen, Stanton
1918 Tilton, Frank P.
1918 Young, Oscar L.
Lanoaiter (Coos)
1918 Morris, Qeorge F.
LelMiBon (Grafton)
1920 Sloane, Scott
Lilbon (Grafton)
1919 Pike, George W.
1918 Stevens, Raymond B.
Littleton (Grafton)
1918 Bingham, Harry
X&nclieater (Hillsborough)
1920 Bingham, George H.
1918 Branch, Oliver W.
1920 Broderick, James A.
1919 McLane, John R.
1918 Madigan, Thomas H., Jr.
1918 Peaslee, Robt. J.
1918 Spaulding, Harry W.
1914 Sullivan, Patrick H.
1920 Thorp, L. Ashton
1916 Tuttle, James Patterson
1918 Warren, George H.
1919 White, Albert H.
NEW KAMO^BHXBE— VXW JEB8EY
Kancheater (Hillsboroagh)
Cont'd
1918 Wilson, Allan M.
1918 Wyman, Louis E.
Plymoiitli (Grafton)
1896 Burleigh, Alvin
Portamouth (Rockingham)
1918 Bartlett, John H.
Booheiter (Strafford)
1919 Gunnison, William T.
1911 Snow, Leslie P.
Whitefleld (Coos)
1922 Bowker, Edgar M.
Wolfeboro (Oarroll)
1920 Britton, William J.
NEW XSRSET
Aflbory Park (Monmouth)
1921 Durand, Frank
1922 Smith, Benjamin Biggs
1922 Turner, Joseph M.
Atlantlo Oitr (Atlantic)
1912 Bolte, G. Arthu.
1918 Bourgeois, George A.
1899 Clevenger, William M.
1903 Cole, Clarence L.
1914 Coulomb, H. R.
1913 Oaskill, Edmund C, Jr.
1912 Moore, (Tharles Sumner
1918 Schimpf, Theodore W.
1915 Stem, Louis E.
Bajonne (Hudson)
1922 Adier, Louis
1922 Brenner, Alfred
1909 Cbamberlin, Fredoric E.
1922 Dembe, H. B.
1922 Garven, Pierre P.
1922 Melniker, Aaron A.
1922 Sedow, Alexander
1907 Van Busklrk, Dewitt
Belvldero (Warren)
1896 Shipman, Qeotgt M.
BrldgetOB (Cumberland)
1914 Bacon. WaLer H.
1917 Loder, Le Roy W.
BrloUo (Monmouth)
lins Thomas, Howard B.
Camden (Camden)
1918 Berry, Maja Leon
1918 Oarr, Harvey P.
1922 Oarr, Joseph N.
1907 Otatmw, Howard
1920 Osaselman, Mark F.
1914 Cooper, Howard M.
1922 Darnell, Wn. S.
1907 French, Tbonaa E.
1914 Jess, Frank B.
1914 Jones, Wm. dayton
1919 Myers, John Daahiell
1918 Read, William T.
1913 Richards, Samuel H.
1922 Richman, Orover C.
1918 Starr, Lewis
1914 Thomas, Joseph L.
Oapa Xay Court Home
(Cape May)
1912 Hand, Morgan
Clinton (Hunterdon)
1912 Gebhardt, William 0.
Salt Oranre (Essex)
1918 Gedney, Jerome D.
1916 Vanderlipp, W. T.
Egg Harbor City (Atlantic)
1918 Hamilton, Herman L.
Elisabeth (Union)
1981 Bender, Albert F.
1921 Bender, Welcome W.
1920 David, Abe J.
1920 Depew, Harold
1921 Eldridge, Sidney W.
1921 English, Frank A.
1918 English, John K.
1920 Gordon, Francis A.
1921 Groves, William F.
1918 Hague, Joseph T.
1922 La Corte, Salvatore F.
1921 Leavitt, Nathan R.
1920 Stein. Alfred A.
1921 Ulbrich. Adolph
1918 Whittemore, Qark McK.
1914 Wilson, WUliam R.
Vreehold (Monmouth)
1922 Cowart, Samuel Chraig
1921 UwTence, Rulif V.
1921 McDermott, Joseph
956
AMSaiGAK BAR ASSOCIATION.
Baoteniaok (Ber^n)
1921 Agnew, Arthur M.
1921 Altschuler, Rex Baine
1916 Campbell. Luther A.
1921 Contant, Marinut
1921 DeLorenzo, William
1921 Hart, A. C.
1912 Mabie, Clarence
1921 Thorapaon, Robert W.
1921 Vanderwart, Hermao
1921 Westervelt, Warner W.
1918 Wright, Wendell J.
BaokettstowB (Warren)
1918 Fisher, James
Koboken (Hudson)
1912 Besaon, J. W. Rufus
1922 Besson, Samuel A.
1918 Caffcrata, Harry J.
1918 Fallon, John J.
1922 Herr, Dougal
1922 Stevens. Basil IL
1922 Stuhr, William S.
1922 Tiffany, J. Raymond
Jmney Oity (Hudson)
1922 Bentley, Peter
1922 Blankenhom, D, Eugene
1922 Blohm, Charles H.
1912 Boardman, Richard
1922 Brogan, Thoma3 J.
1916 Carey, Robert
1914 <3arey, William H.
1922 Cook, Pierre F.
1922 Corbin, (Element K.
1922 Dear, Arthur T.
1922 Decker, William E.
1922 Drewen, John F., Jr.
1922 Erwin. James R.
1922 Flemming, Robert L.
1922 Gannon. William R.
1922 Garrison, Carlyle
1922 Gough, John F.
1914 Haight, Thomas Q.
1922 Hartpence, John Arml'
tage
1922 Holman, Edward S.
1922 Hughes, CJharles B.
1922 Insley, Earle
1922 Jacobs, Sidney
1918 Lane, Harry
1914 McMaster, John S.
1922 Markley, Edward A.
1914 Milton, John
1914 Rosenberg, Mazinkilian
T.
VSW JSXWY
Jeriej Oity (Hudson) Cont'd
1916 Runyon, Henry W.
1922 Simpson, Charles E. a
1914 Speer, Wm. H.
1922 Stout, Edward P.
1922 SuUiTan, Leo S.
1918 Sullivan, Mark A.
1914 Tennant, Geo. G.
1922 Turner, Frank G.
1922 Van Winkle, Marshall
1914 Wall, Albert C.
1922 Wataon, Ripley
1917 Wortendyke, Rynier J.
1922 Young, Charles
Lftkewood (Ocean)
1912 Kepperley, James E.
Long Branch (Monmouth)
1914 Slocum. John W.
1921 Stevens, WiUisro A.
1921 Van Oelder. George W.
KanaiqaAn (Monmouth)
1921 Pearce, Benjamin B.
XUMUe (Cumberland)
1914 Miller. Louis H.
Korrit Plains (Morria)
1914 Pennington. William
Korristown (Morris)
1916 Garretson, Leland B.
1914 Mills, Alfred Elmer
1914 Salmon, Joshua R.
1907 Sherman, Gordon E. *
1914 Wilson, C. Franklin
Konnt Holly (Burlington)
1917 Davis, James Mercer
1912 Gaskill, Robert S.
Newark (Essex)
1918 Anthony, Roy F.
1907 Armstrong, Edward A.
1916 Ashmead, J. Edward
1918 Benjamin, Frank
1918 Bergen, Frank
1918 Child, Francia
1894 Colie,- Edward M.
1916 Bemhard, John A.
1922 Bilder, Nathan
1922 Blake, George H.
H«waik (Saei) Cont'd
1914 Cornish, Abram H.
1918 Currier, Richard D.
1907 Duffleld. Edward D.
1921 Edsall, Benjamin F.
1911 English, Conover
1918 Everett, RuaseU M.
1916 Faulks, Frederick J.
1928 Feick, Carl A.
1917 Grice, Horace C.
1900 Hardin, John R.
1921 Harriaon, J. Heniy
1918 Heine, M. Ctoewell
1911 Hood, Louis
1922 Howell, Corwin
1918 Hurrell, Alfred
1906 Kalisch, Samuel
1922 Kaufman, Samuel
1890 Keasbey. Edward Q.
1912 Keasb«gr, Qeoive U.
1918 Lane. Merritt
1918 Leber. Samuel F.
1912 Lindabury, Richard V.
1922 McCarter, Qeorge W. C.
1898 McCarter, Robert H.
1918 Mc<3arter, Thomas N.
1918 MacMahon, Cecil H.
1914 Martin, J. H. Thayer
1916 Mason, Charles M.
1918 Murphy, John J.
1918 Osborne, Hany V.
1904 Parker, Chauncej O.
1907 Pitney, John O. H,
1809 Riker. Adrian
1918 Sackett, CUrance
1911 Skinner, Alfred F.
1919 Slingerland. Archibald F.
1919 Smith, Frederic W.
1922 Stanley, .Edward O., Jr.
1916 Stockton, Richard
1918 Stryker, Josiah
1897 Swayze, Francis J.
1914 Vanderpool, W^oiant D.
1918 Wakelee, Edmund W.
1922 Ward, Waldron M.
1922 Wherry, J. Frederic
1911 Whiting, Borden D.
1922 Wolber, Joseph O.
1914 Toung. Henry, Jr.
1914 Toung. Stuart A.
V«w Bmniwlok (Middleeex)
1912 Daly, Peter F.
1918 Strong. Theodore
M«wto& (Suasex)
1912 SimoosoD, Theodore
STATE LIST OF ME
Orange (Egsex)
1914 Davb, Thomas A.
1911 Howe, William Bead
1911 McKelvey, Charles W.
Paia&io (Passaic)
1917 Watson, William W.
1981 Weinberger, Harry H.
Patertoa (Passaic)
1921 Beggs, Frederic
1918 Bilder, Da%id H.
1921 Conistock, Albert
1913 Cunningham, Robert H.
1906 Duroont, Wayre
1900 Dunn, Michael
1914 Gourley, Williaa- B.
1921 Hinchclilfe, Louid V.
1921 Hotstra, Peter
1921 Horton, Rayton E.
1921 Hudson, Walter R.
1912 Humphreys, John B.
1917 Hunziker, Gustav A.
1921 Joelson, Harry
1906 Lewis, William L
1921 McKee, Wood
1921 Marelli, Henry
1918 Randall, Edmund B.
1921 Scott, Francis
1921 Smith, Albin
1907 Stevenson, Eugene
1921 Steward, John W.
1921 Tilt, Edgar M.
1921 Van Blarcom. Frederick
W.
1921 Van Oleve, Frank
1921 Van Cleve, Garret
1921 Westerhoff, Harris J.
Perth Amhoy (Middlesex)
1897 Lyon, Adrian
PUlBJIeld (Union)
1920 Blatz, Francis J.
1907 Eddy, Clharles B.
1921 Hetfleld, Walter L., Jr.
1922 Kunzman, Irving
1922 Randolph, Asa F.
1921 Rothberg, Harvey
1921 Stillman, William Max-
ton
Princeton (Mercer)
1918 Smith, H. Alexander
Rahway (Union)
1922 Armstrong, David
1920 Hyer, Fred. 0.
VZW JX
Red 1
1914
A
1914
B
1907
W
Ridr
1918
M<
1918
M<
RU
1918
Do 1
Ringw>
1922
Cu
Rvt:
1921
1lM\ I
Sosuii 1
1900
Ber
8a
1907
Frai
Tr« 1
1921
Bac 1
1922
Bodi
1918
Bud 1
1921
Budj
1921
Chai 1
1910
Davi <
1918
Dizo
1921
Fren ,
1921
Ham 1
1921
Hart 1
1913
Katzc
1921
Lann i
1921
Reicl
1914
Rellsl :
1921
Sattei 1
1921
Scami 1
1914
Trend i
1913
Walkc ,
1921
Wi«)t
Weit 1
1913
Oliver,
Weet Ho i
1917
McEws 1
Woodbui ;
1914
Summei
1917
Swackhi
968
AHERIGAK BAB AS800IATI0N.
Lovliirtoii (Let)
1921 Garter. Powhatan
Raton (Oolfax)
1921 BicUey, Howard L.
1919 Crainpton, Edwin Oook
1920 Leahy, J.
1917 Phlllipe. Orle L.
1921 Sadler, Daniel K.
1914 SeabeiKi Huiro
1921 Wilflon, Louia S.
Rotw«U (Ghaves)
1917 Brice, Gharlea R.
1917 Dow, Hiram H.
1920 Fullen, Louis O.
1911 Hervey, James M.
1921 Wyatt, Dillard H.
Santa Fa (Santa Fe)
1920 Backstrom, James L.
1921 Bowman, Harry S.
1911 Glancy, Frank W.
1922 Edwards, Arthur M.
1920 Holloman, Reed
1912 Mechem, Merritt G.
1916 Neblett, 0)lin
1914 Raynolds, Herbert F.
1912 Renehan, A. B.
1918 Roberts, Clarence J.
1911 Wilson, Francis G.
1918 Wright, Edward R.
SU^ar City (Grant)
1920 Ryan, Raymond B,
19Z1 Shettler, John Henry
1920 Walton, William B.
1920 White, Alvan N.
1918 W^ilson, Percy
Socano (Sooorro)
1920 Fitch, James G.
Springar (CJoKax)
1921 Holly, William R.
Tact (Taos)
1920 Ghectham, Francis J.
1920 McKean, William
Tuenmoaii (Quay)
1021 Prentice, Royal A.
NEW YORK
Albany (Albany)
1912 Bender, Melvin T.
1920 Bumside, R. B.
VBW KEXZOO— KSW YORK
Albany (Albany) Cont'd
1921 CJaplan, Samuel
1917 Garr, Lewis E.
1914 Classen, Philip L.
1914 Delehanty, John A.
1904 Dugan, Patrick G.
1914 Ervlng, Wm. Van Renss.
1914 Farren, James J.
1916 Fennell, Thomas F.
1894 Fiero, J. Newton
1922 Gillett, Ransom H.
1898 Qleason, John H.
1904 Glynn, Martin H.
1016 Orlffln, Edward G.
1918 Herrick, D. Gady
1921 Hinman, Harold* J.
1921 Hogan, John W.
1917 Hubbard, Lester Thomas
1918 Illch, Julius
1917 Lawyer, George
1918 Leboeuf, Rai»dall J.
1918 Miller, Nathan L.
1911 MuhUelder, pavid
1914 Nellis, Merwyn H.
1917 Parsons, James A.
1920 Rifenburgh, George L.
1911 Rosendalc, Simon W.
1908 Rudd, William P.
1911 Smith, A. Page
1911 SUgg, Charles Traccy
1922 Tobin, CJharles J.
1911 Tracey, James F.
1918 VisBcher, William L.
1809 Wadhams, Frederick E.
1911 Walton, CJharles W.
1918 Whalen, Robert E.
1914 Whitfield, William R.
Amatardam (Montgomery)
1912 Borst, Henry V.
Auburn (Cayuga)
1918 Brainard, John M.
BaUpart (Suffolk)
1918 Ketcham, Herbert T.
Ballaton 8pa. (Saratoga)
1911 Mehan, William A.
BinghamtOB (Broome)
1922 Buckley, John T.
1922 Deyo, Israel T.
1914 Ha>a, Frank M.
1911 Howard, Arciiibald
1922 Jenkins, Fredric W.
BiBffhamion (Broome) Cont'd
1911 Keenan, Thomas J.
1889 McOary. A. J.
1922 Meeker, Rollin W.
1917 Newell, Wirt W.
BronxrUla (Westchester)
1011 Kursheedt. Manuel A.
Brooklyn (Kingi)
1918 Adel. Frank F.
1922 Albert. Helen M.
1918 Baldwin, Stephen O.
1918 Benedict, Russell
1918 Blackmar, Abel E.
1917 Brower, Ernest C.
1922 Browne, Joseph G. M.
1917 Bunn, Frederick A.
1921 BuBhell. Willism G.
1922 Butler, William &
1914 Byrne, Edward J.
1911 Cahoone, Richards Mott
1917 CSallahan, Patrick E.
1922 (Campbell, Francis A.
1918 Chatfield, Thomas L
19S2 Omway, Albert
1905 Oane, Frederick E.
1918 Cropsey, James C.
1922 Curren, Hector McGowan
1912 DieU, Nicholas
1912 Dobson, Harrey O.
1918 Dooley. Edward J.
1918 Dore, Claude
1922 Drescber, Alexander S.
1922 Dykman, Jackson Annan
1911 Dykman, William N.
1918 Easterday, John H.
1920 Fawcett, Lewis L.
1922 Furst, Michael
1914 Gannon, Frank S., Jr.
1918 Garvin, Edwin L.
1920 (3ets, David B.
1922 Gross, Fred L.
1922 Hale, William B.
1911 Haskell. Reuben L.
1916 Herbert, James
1922 Horwill, Edward T.
1921 Humble, H. W.
1921 Jordan, Francis
1918 Kelly, William J.
1918 Kempton, Edwin
1922 LipschulU, Leo
1921 McGiU, Joseph Tyaon
1922 MacCh-ate, John
1906 Mack, William
1914 Martin, George W.
1990 Nash, Howard P.
1916 O'Neill, James T.
Brookl/B (Eingi) Cont'
I all RlFgctni*iu, Edwai
laiS Brin, Cturls J.
J Bpirh^ PredFriok
r Stelnbrink. Meter
laiS StruK, Ollu F.
I«K White. John B,
I WUkln. Robeit 1.
1*13 WIlBD. Roben II.
1018 Wd<.[l(y, Georgr I.
iduna. Rirald J.
Uden, Ouira C.
1011 Btkn. Herrlt N.
lOS! Bild;, Ohrlilophfr
, Bfsli. Elton B.
Ulll BiiHll. Frederick <
ini Burb, Thomu C.
1011 Bush, Uyrou P.
mi Cdtnorl
, Edv. E.
Willw I-
1 Core)., Fred D,
1MB Deibecker. Ldu1> E.
tSll Umbuier, H. F., Jr.
ins Dudlfj, Jnrph C
1801 F]e<*chnUDn. Simon
IMO Helllngi. Dim B.
10Oe Hill. KoTj W.
mt HollUer, Ens
Kent, Ralph S.
: Leughlin, Fnnk C.
IMl lAirmiic. Thomu E.
I0n Letchwortb, Bdwird H.
I Lewie, Lcnn I.., Jr.
I Mtsuvem, Wm. J.
ino O'Brien. John Lord
1*11 O'Connor, OhirlM Lro.
1IU Ptreon*. JeiUH W.
18M Ponterar, Robert W.
I«tl e^pentDii. wllUrd W.
1*1> i
XZW TOmK
Bnffftln (Erie) Cont'd
IBU Wheeler. Ohirlea B.
1*14 White, OirletoD H.
1888 Wflcoi, Atuler
1*13 Wilion. Robert H.
101S Hale, Ledyari
1*22 Falrcfalld. Chulee 8.
I*IS Kiler, Ulcbael H.
101T Remen, FbDcnli
XlMhrnnt (Quteui)
ini Edwuda, Clarence
101S QarretHiii, Oarret J.
Elmlrk (Oitniiinc)
1*14 Falck, Aleunder [
1*E1 Henrr, Lewla
1011 Uaoderllle. H. 0.
10iO Harlowe, Richard
leW HcCbrthr, i
(9t. Lawrence)
int. Dohw, Jama 0.
im RueltoB. Dallaa 1(.
IMS Johnaon, Arthur T.
OrMBwlah (Waditncton)
BarUain (HertfnifA
ini Bell. Charlea
1011 Earl. Ourlaa L
960
AMBRICAK BAB ASSOCIATION.
Hooiiok 7aUt (BeuMeUer)
1912 Greene, George E.
1922 TilTany, Bsra
Hndion (Columbia)
1912 Benson, Cbirles B.
1907 Collier. Frederick J.
1921 Tracy, John G.
Hudfon 7alli (Waahinffton)
1914 Sawyer, John Everett
ItliAoa (Tompkina)
1918 Bogert, George G.
1917 Boatwick, Edward H.
1917 Burdick, Charles K.
1901 Inrine. Prank
1921 HcCaakill, O. L.
1921 Newnmn, Charlea H.
1921 St. John, E. Morgan
1914 Smith, William HazUtt
1918 Sweetland, llonroe M.
1921 Tarbell, George S.
1912 Van Cleef, Mynderse
Jamaica (Queena)
1907 Faber, Xeander B.
Jameitown (Chautauqua)
1918 Jude, George W.
Jerloho (Naaaau)
1922 Ellis, Ralph
Jabnitown (Fulton)
1914 Carroll, Fred. Linus
Kew Gardeni (Long Island)
1922 Darling, Charlotte Kelsey
KiAffCtOB (Ulster)
1906 Clearwater, A. T.
1911 Flemnling. H. H.
1918 Hasbrouck, G. B. D.
1911 Klein, Henry
1907 Van Etten, John G.
Late Placid (Essex)
1917 Ishan, Frederick A.
1922 Prime, Raymond C.
Lookport (Niagara)
1921 Gold, William A.
1907 Tiot, DaTid
nW YOBS
Loaff Island City (Queena)
1920 Conger, Frederic
1914 Hanavan, George B.
1921 Morris. William J., Jr.
1914 Rathgeber, Emile E.
1918 Vaughan, Athelstan
Lowvilla (Lewis)
1922 Sheldon, Edward M.
Lyoni Falls (Lewis)
1921 Cox, Harry W.
Xalone (Franklin)
1918 Allen, William L.
1922 Kellas, LeRoy M.
KeetaanleaYille (Saratoga)
1914 Frazier, Robert
liiddUtown (Orange)
1914 Taylor. John C. R.
1911 Thompson, A. C. N.
Kinaola (Nassau)
1918 Seaman, Warren C.
Konticello (Sullivan)
1918 Lyons, John D.
1916 Stahl, Joseph I.
Kt. TernoB (Westchester)
1918 Bennett. Prank A.
1920 (lavanaugh. Japes H.
1920 (}eaebeidt. Albert P.
1920 Syme, Sydney A.
1917 Tanzer, Laurence Arnold
New Brighton (Richmond)
1907 Anable, Courtland V.
Vewbnrgh (Orange)
1018 Cantline, Peter
1911 (>>rwin, John B.
1906 Hirachberg, Henry
1918 Hirachberg, M. H.
1914 Kohl, Henry
1918 Seeger, Albert H. F.
Hew Lebanon (Columbia)
1916 Fayerwcather, Charlea S.
New Boehella (Westchester)
1918 Keogh, Martin J.
1918 Ritchie, Albert
1917 Schaffer, Franklin Pierce
1919 Spring, Samuel
New Yerk Oitj (New York)
1914 Aaron, Herman
1921 Abbey, Edward N.
1912 Abbott, Henry H.
1921 Abercrombie, William C.
1914 Acker, Edward A.
1909 Adams, Andrew Addison
1007 Agar, John G.
1913 Aldcroftt, Richard B.
1921 Aldrich, Winthrop W.
1922 Alexander, Charle. B.
1907 Alexander, Edward A.
1921 Alexander, Mitchell W.
1907 Allen, Frederick L.
1917 Allen, Jamea J.
1921 Allen, William
1907 Allen, Yorke
1919 Alley, Rayford W.
1922 Almy, Don. R.
1922 Alverson, Lyie T.
1922 Amend, William J.
1919 Ames, C. P.
1917 Anderson, Chandler P.
1921 Anderson, Roger H.
1921 Anderson, T. Hart
1918 Anderton, Stephen P.
1911 Andrade, Cipriano, Jr.
1894 Andrews, Jamea D.
1922 Angulo, Charles
1921 Antin, Benjamin
1911 Aplington, Henry
1907 Appcll, Albert J.
1918 Appleton, Charles W.
1921 Arbuckle, Joseph
1921 Arkush. Ralph U.
1920 Armstrong, William C
1921 Arnold, Bernard H.
1907 Arnold, Joseph A.
1914 Arroyo, Julian A.
1922 Arthur. Prank D.
1921 Asch, David
1921 Auchindoaa, (Sordon
1911 Auerbach, Joseph S.
1917 Austin, (George C.
1918 Avery, Brainard
1917 Avery, Frank M.
1922 Azelrod, Herman S.
1920 AztcU, SUaa Blake
1921 Ayer, Charles F.
1918 Babbage, Richard G.
1921 Babcock, H. Howard
1921 BackuB, Grotvenor H.
1898 Bacon, Stfdea
1921 Bailey, Theodor L.
1922 Bailly, Edward a
1919 Baity, Harold James
1918 Baker, Joseph J.
STATE LIST OF MEHBEBS BY CITIES AND TOWNS.
961
Vew Y«rk Oltj (New York)
Cont'd
192S Baldwin, Henry De For-
19Z1 Baldwin, Leonard D.
1911 Baldwin, Roger S.
19U Ballantine, Arthur A.
1907 Banton, Joab H.
1920 Banzhaf, Albert H. T.
1908 Barber, Arthur Wm.
1922 Barbleri, Joaeph P.
1919 Bariffht, Olarice M.
1912 Barker, Burt Brown
1912 Barker, Wendell P.
1922 Bamea, Arthur S.
1912 Bamea, Henry B.
1918 Barnea, Milan D.
1922 Bamett, David
1911 Barney, Charles Neal
1918 Baron, Saul J.
1928 Barranco, Auguitlne P.
1921 Barry, Gerald J.
1911 Barry, Herbert
1918 Bartlett, Charles H.
1891 Bartlett, John P.
1922 Bartlett, Philip O.
1918 Bartlett, Willard
1922 Bartnett, Walter J.
1918 Baakerrille, Thomas H.
1918 Batea, Kahl Clement
1911 Battle, George Gordon
1921 Baum, Joseph M.
1914 Bayea, William R.
1921 Bayles, Edwin Atkinson
1918 Baylis. Willard N.
1921 Bajme, Howard R.
1921 Beach, Edward 8.
1918 Beale, Phelan
1922 Beala, John David
1911 Beardsley, Samuel A.
1922 Beardaley, Thomas H.
1914 Beattie, Chas. Haitland
1922 Beattie, Thomas A. S.
1917 Beatty, Robert C.
1914 Beattys, Frederick L.
1917 Beattys, George D.
1912 Beaty, Amos L.
1921 Bechtel, Edwin DeT.
1917 Becker, Alfred L.
1922 Beeken, Axel V.
1907 Beekman, Charles K.
1908 Begg, William R.
1922 Belknap, Chaunoey
1916 Bell, CoUey W.
1921 Bell, Jamea R.
1912 Bell, Marcus L.
1904 Benedict, Abraham
y«w York City (New York)
Cont'd
1921
Bennet, James E.
1921
1907
Bennett, David C, Jr.
1917
1906
Bergen, Tunis G. •
1922
1922
Bergrnfeld, Prank F.
1918
1914
Rerger, Samuel A.
1921
1921
Berlinicke, Harry Robert
1913
1922
Bemero, Frank A.
1914
1922
Bemetein, Benjamin
1917
1914
Bernstein, J. Sidney
1907
1917
Berry, Carroll
1921
1914
Betts, Samuel R.
1912
1917
Bibb, Eugene 8.
1914
1921
Bickerton, Joseph P., Jr.
1922
1912
Bickford, Herbert J.
1922
1914
Bielaaki, A. Bruce
1921
1912
Bien, Franklin
1911
1922
Biglow, L. Horatio, Jr.
1918
1908
Bijur, Nathan
1918
1917
Billings, Cornelius C.
1907
1913
Bissing. William F.
1921
1918
Black, Loring M., Jr.
1922
1918
Blackwell, Geo. Engs
1918
1919
Blair. Floyd (3.
1914
1911
Blair, Joa. Pazton
1921
1922
Blau, William
1921
1914
Blauvelt, George A.
1921
1918
BloRh, Adolph
1922
1914
Bloch, Henry
1918
1920
Block, Maurice
1922
1922
Block, 8. John
1914
1922
Blumberg, Samuel
1915
1922
Bloraenthal, Eugene
1910
1918
Blumenthal, Maurice B.
1922
1907
Blymyer, William H.
1921
1918
Bogardua, John H.
1921
1906
Bogert, Henry L.
1921
1914
Bogue, Morton Oriswold
1919
1921
Bohleber, William
1907
1921
Boland, Prank A. K.
1919
1920
Boleman, Auatin P.
1921
1917
Boles, E. H.
1912
1918
Bomeisler, Louis E.
1920
1911
Bond, Walter H.
1921
1921
Bondy, Eugene L.
1920
1918
Bondy, William
1920
1901
Bonynge, Robert W.
1915
1921
Booth, John Parkhnrst
1914
1907
Borchert, Hermann
1917
1921
Borland, Middleton 8.
1922
1922
Borth, Oscar
1922
1907
Boston, Charlea A.
1922
1910
Boston, John Guyton
1910
1922
Boudin, Louis B.
1921
1911
Bouvier, John V., Jr.
1918
1914
Bowers, Spotswood D.
1918
1918
Bowie, J. F.
1907
Hew
York Olij (New York)
Cont'd
Bowman, Harold H.
Boyesen, HJalmar H.
Bmcelen, Charles M.
Bradbury, Harry B.
Brady, Janes A.
Brminerd, Ira H.
Breckinridge, Henry
Breed, James McV.
Breed, William C.
Brennan, Joseph P.
Brewster, Joseph
Brlce, Wilson B.
Briesen, Fritz V.
Brill. Abraham
Bristol, George W.
Britt, PhilUp J.
Britt, T. Louis A.
Broadwin, Mdor L.
Brodek, Charles A.
Brooks, George Murray
Broanan, John Francis
Brown, Charles P.
Brown, Charlea T.
Brown, Edward A.
Brown, Edward J.
Brown, Reuben
Brown, William Averell
Browne, G. Morgan
Browne, EoUin
Brownell, Geoige F.
Brownell, Henry B.
Brace, Edward B.
Bruce, M. Linn
Bruen, Alexander J.
Bruere, Henry
Brumley, Edward R.
Buck, George Warner
Buck, Gordon M.
Backner, Emory R.
Buckner, William A.
Bull, J. Edgar
Bullowa, BmiHe M.
Bungard, Maurice Z.
Burger, Edward H.
Bui^pefla, Edwin Haines
Burgiiard, Edward M.
Burkaa, Nathan
Burke, Daniel
Burkes, Leon
Burleigh, George W.
l^rlingham, Charlea
Burlingham, Charles OL
Bumey, H. Robert
Buma, Robert
Borr, Frank Wright
Burr, William P.
962
AMBKIGAK BAR ASSOCIATION.
H«w Y«k Olty (New York) ,
ir«w
York Olty (New York)
Hei
Ck>iit'd
Cont'd
1921
Buahby, Jamcfi 0.
1922
Chapin, L. H. Paul
1981
1922
Batcher, David F.
1922
Chapman, Charles McGor-
1921
1914
Butler, Charles T.
• mack
1922
188S
Butler, WillUm Allen
1891
Chase, George
1914
1914
Butler, William E.
1921
Chevalier, Stuart
1918
1917
Butterworth, Georgre F.
1907
Childs, Edwards H.
1922
189«
Button, Wm. H.
1921
Chllvers, William
1921
1990
Buzzell, Samuel Jesse
1909
Ohirurg, Isidore S.
1913
1916
Byles. Axtell J.
1908
Chittick, Henry R.
1918
1918
Byrd, William
1921
(Jhopak, Jules
1921
1921
Byrne, Andrew
1922
Ghoroah, William H.
1906
1896
Byrne, James
1921
Ghryasikos, George J.
1920
1921
Cabell, Hartwell
1918
Chrystie, Rinar
1911
1914
Caffey, Francis Gordon
1907
Chrystie, T. Ludlow
1922
1918
Caldwell, Jas. Hope
1921
Cianchetti, Adolph
1921
1921
Oalenda, Vincent D.
1914
Clare, Wm. F.
1918
1921
Callahan, Frank
1922
Clark, Appleton L.
1918
1921
Oallender, James P.
1914
Clark, Grenville
1922
1917
Cameron, Alexander
1914
Clark, Heniy Wallace
1918
1918
Campbell, Donald
1917
Clark, John Kirkland
1906
1907
Campbell, Frederick B.
1920
Clark, William VL
1918
1906
Campbell, Ira A.
1922
Clarke, Richard H.
1981
1913
Campbell, John A. L.
1921
Clarke, W. H. Crichton
1902
1921
Campbell, Judson D.
1912
Clay, George S.
1921
1907
Canfleld, George F.
1922
Cleary, James C.
1918
1922
Capron, C. Alexander
1907
Clinch, Edward &
1921
1922
Capshaw, Coran P.
1921
Clocke, T. Emory
1922
1922
Capshaw, Hulon
1922
Clone, George William
1918
1922
Caranicbolas George
1904
Cobb, A. Ward
1918
1920
Carden, W. Norton
1907
Cobb, W. Bruce
1908
1918
Cardoso, Benjamin N.
1922
Cochran, James
1921
1921
Cardoso, Michael H., Jr.
1896
Cockran, W. Bourke
1918
1922
Cardoso, Sidney B.
1907
CoflBn, Herbert L.
1922
1921
CarelU WUliam F.
1922
Cohalan, Denis O'L.
1917
1921
Carlin, Frank A
1915
Cohalan, John P.
1907
1912
Oarlin, Walter J.
1922
Cohen, Abraham C.
1988
1918
Carlson, Frank
1921
Cohen, George L.
1907
1909
Cams, William L.
1918
Cohen, Harrey J.
1914
1916
Carrington, Campbell
1922
Cohen, Henry L.
1918
1921
Carrington, George D.
1922
Cohen, Isaac
1912
1918
Carroll, Phillip A.
1908
Cohen, Julius Henry
1921
1922
Carson, Adam C
1922
Cohen, Louis Maxwell
1922
1912
Cary, Guy
1921
Cohen, Max G.
1921
1906
Cary, Robert J.
1921
Cohen, Samuel L.
1907
1921
Case, George B.
1912
Cohen, WUlism N.
1907
1921
Cass, Alvin C.
1918
Cohn, Eugene
1918
1918
Catinella, Frank P.
1922
Cohn, Louis
1918
1922
Cavanagh, Richard Bryan
1907
Colby. Bainbridge
1921
1922
Cavanaugh, William P.
1917
Cole, Ashley T.
1907
1917
Cbadboume, W. A.
1914
Cole, Charles D. M.
1921
1911
Chadboume, William M.
1918
Coleman, John B.
1922
1922
Chalaire, Walter
1921
Colety, Francis
1922
1918
Chamberlain, Joseph P.
1922
Collins, James F.
1907
1920
Chambers, Harry B.
1921
Compton, George Brokaw
1907
1921
Chandler, Norman Wil*
1918
OoBboy, Martin
1907
mer
1921
Condon, Richard
1918
T«rk 01t7 (New York)
Cont'd
Conklin, Lewis R.
Conklin. William R.
Connor, Charles
Conway, Thomas F.
Cook. Alfred A.
Cook, William E.
Cook, William W.
Cooke, Hedley V.
Coon, Claude L.
Cooper, Curtis C.
Cooper, Dnuy W.
Corbett, Edward L.
Corbin, J. Arthur
Corin, Max
Com, Jacob H.
Cornell, Edward
Cosgrove, James J.
Cotillo, Salavatore A.
Cottle, Marion Weston
Cotton, Joseph B.
Cotton, Joseph P.
Coudi, John F.
Coudert, Frederic R.
Coulson, Robert E.
Covington, Geo. Bishop
Cowden, Frederic H.
Cowell, Thaddeus G.
Cox, Robert I^nn
Cox, Stephen J.
Coxe, Macgrane
Coyle, John B.
Coyne, Bartholomew B.
Crain, Thomas C T.
Oam, J. Sergeant
Crane, Alexander B.
Crane, .Alexander M.
Cravath, Paul D.
Crawford, Frank L.
Crawford, John J.
Oew8, Ralph
Oick, Stephen
Crocker, Frank L.
Crosby, Gorham
Croeley, Ferdinand S.
Crowley, Edward Chase
Cruse, George E.
Cukor, Morris
Cullom, Neil P.
Culver, Frederic
Cunninghsm, Warren W.
Curran, John F.
Curren, Lee J.
Curtis, W. J.
Curtis, WlUlam B.
Cushing, Hany Al<
Coshner, Mssrer B.
STATE LIST OF MBit
N«w
Ywk City (New York)
Ooned
H«w
1922
GutheU, Chester W.
1921
Die 1
1920
Cutler, A. S.
1981
Die ;
1922
Outtinff, Victor Willard
1917
Dil 1
1918
CUTillier, Louis A^
1922
Dii 1
1921
Gzaki, Frederick M.
1921
Din 1
1907
Da]y» fikiwMfd Hftmilton
1911
Dit 1
1922
Dftkiel, Arthur Y.
1921
Doa
1922
Daly, Eugene Y.
1922
Dox
1921
Dammoon, Hilton
1907
Don
1921
Deua, Charles Betes
1918
Dob
1922
DaTOcnberg, Jcaeph
1922
Don !
1917
Dart^Ff Samuel B.
1921
Doo
1921
DarHng, Charles W.
1912
Dor 1
1922
Darr, Earl A.
1922
Dos
1921
Dasbew, Leon
1913
Dou 1
1921
DayidsoB, ICaurice P.
1921
Dov
1913
Davis, Abraham M.
1913
Dovi 1
1922
Darls, Alex
1921
Doy ,
1921
Davis, AmoM L.
1800
Doy ,
1922
Daris, Arthur L.
in8
Dret
1920
Davis, Clarence M.
1919
Davis, Pmnk J.
1922
Dre\
1918
Davis, Horace W.
1921
Dub 1
1922
Davis, James A.
1928
Duel
1912
Davis, John W.
1917
Duel
1890
Davis, Vernon M.
1915
Dugi
1902
Davis, Walter W.
1916
Dun4 1
1921
Davis, William C.
1922
Dun< 1
1918
Davis, Wm. Balph
1921
Duni
1914
Daviwm, Alfred T.
1918
Duni
1913
Dawes, Hamilton M.
1914
Duni
1913
Dawson, Miles M.
1918
Durh
1922
Day, Leonsrd
1918
Durk 1
1918
Day, Sherman
1921
Dush
1920
De Agnero, Miipiel E.
1914
Dusti 1
1900
Dean, George C.
1900
Dutti 1
1907
Debevoise, Thomas H.
1922
Duva 1
1917
Decker, Charles A.
1914
Dwy« :
1921
Dee, Michael F,
1907
Earle
1922
DeFoe, Frederick W.
1021
Earle
1914
De Forest, Robert W.
1918
Earp,
1907
Deiches, Maurice
1900
Eastc
1918
DelaiMd, Frederick P.
1918
Eddy
1922
Delaileld, Joseph L.
1922
Edeir: 1
1914
Delafleld, Lewis L.
1922
Eder,
1922
Delaileld, Lewis L., Jr.
1918
Eder,
1018
Delehanty, Francis B.
1921
Edmoi
1921
Delehanty, James A.
1906
Edmoi
1921
DeMiUo, Dorian
1914
Edmoi
1922
Demov, Jacob S.
1921
Edsall
1914
Denman, Frederick H.
(Nei
1896
Depew, Chsuncey M.
1922
Edwar
1920
Desverine, Raoul E.
1918
Edwai
1921
Deutsch, Bernard fl.
1922
Egan.
1916
Devane, Doeier A.
1922
Eglest
1922
De Witt, Benjamin P.
1911
Ehrho
964
AM£1UCAN BAR ASSOCIATION.
V«w York 01t7 (New York)
Oont'd
1906 Flezner, Benuurd
1912 PlMn, John P.
1912 Folejr, Jama A.
1914 Foltz, diaries J.
1929 Ford, Michael A.
1907 Focdham, Herbert L.
1921 Fordyce, Alexander R.,
Jr.
1921 Foadfck, Raymond B.
1918 Foeter, Oharlei L.
1890 Foater,,Roffer
1912 Fowler,' Ctrl H.
1881 Fox, Anaten G.
1922 Fox, Robert J.
1922 Franc, James J.
1922 Frank, Herman M.
1914 Frank, Julius J.
1920 Frankel, William Walter
1914 Frankenber^, Henry R.
1921 Frankentbaler, Alfred
1921 Frankenthaler, George
1917 Franklin, George S.
1921 Fraaer, Andrew A.
1921 Fra^, Arthur 0.
1907 Fraaer, George O.
1918 Fraaer, John P.
1922 Frederick, Karl T.
1922 Frees, J<rfin Henry
1918 Freschi, John J.
1921 Fried, Joseph
1921 Friedman, David
1917 Friedich, Charles H.
1919 Frost, Frederic W.
1918 Frost, Henry R.
1913 Frothingham, llieodore
L.
1911 Fuller, Thomas Staples
1907 Oaillard. William D.
1922 Gallagher, Arthur Gor-
man
1922 Gallagher. Harold J.
1922 Gallatin, Francis D.
1907 Gallert, David J.
1907 Galston, Clarence G.
1922 Gamble, Ralph A.
1907 Cans, Howard S.
1918 Gardiner, George H.
1002 Gardner, John M.
1921 Garner, Milfred 0.
1921 Garrett, Thomas, Jr.
1918 Garrison, Lindley Miller
1921 Garten, SUnley
1921 Garts, Tictor E.
1922 Qarvan, Francis P.
1922 Garyer, Chauncey B.
1907 Qarver, John A.
V«w T«rk City (New York)
Cbnt'd
1914 Gary, Elbert H.
1917 Gasser, Roy Cl
1918 Oattell, Benonl B.
1918 Gayegan, Bdward J.
1922 Gaynor, Frank A.
1912 Ganam, Joseph M.
1918 Geist, A. Joseph
1906 Geller, Frederick
1918 Gennert, Henry G.
19S2 Gennng, George L.
1907 Gerard, James W.
1907 Geny, Elbridge T.
1922 Oerstenberg, Charles W.
1917 Oibboneyi Stuart G.
1921 Gibbons, Austin Flint
1922 Gibbs, Frederick H.
1918 Gibson, William J.
1921 Giddings, H. Starr
1921 Giffln, Nathan F.
1907 Gifford, James M.
1897 Gifford, Liyingston
1921 Gilbert, Frederic N.
1910 Gilbert, Newton W.
1918 Gilchrist, Alexander, Jr.
1917 Gildersleeve, Henry A.
1918 Gill, Charles C.
1918 Gillespie, George J.
1921 Gillette, Ralph
1922 Gillin, James
1921 Gilmore. Robert William
1907 Gilpin. C. Monteith
1922 Glanz, Darid D.
1918 Glasser, Herman
1912 Gleaeon, A. H.
1907 Glenn, Garrard
1922 Glenn, Willisni L.
1921 Godfrey, Walter B.
1912 Goepel, C. P.
1921 Goetz, Jacob H.
1922 Goetz, Norman 8.
1921 Goidel. Harr>' A.
1918 Goldberg, Samuel J.
1922 Goldenberg, Charles
1921 Goldfarb, David E.
1922 Goldfarb, Philip
1921 Goldin. Gullle B.
1921 Goldman, Charles
1911 Goldman, Julius
1920 Goldman, Mayer C,
1906 Goldman, Samuel P.
1914 Goldstein, Jonah J.
1921 Goldston, Morris J.
1922 Gonzalez, Antonio C.
1911 Goodhue, Isaac W.
1918 Goodlett, Nicholas M.
1921 Goodman, Abraham
TmH Ottgr (New Tortc)
Cont'd
921 Gordon, Bernard '
907 Gordon, Gordon
Gordon, William 8.
912 C^gtthold, Arthur F.
Goveni, Bngh, Jr.
918 Graham, Arthur B.
921 Grange, William J.
911 Gray, Henry G.
902 Greeley, WUliam B.
922 Green, Edward Henry
922 Orsen. William W.
921 Greenbaum, Edward 8.
918 GreeidMinn, Samuel
921 Greeniidd, Arthur D.
917 Greene, Richard T.
918 Greenough, WiUiam
922 GNgg, Will R.
921 Gregory, Alfred
907 Gregory, Henry B.
917 Griflin, Anthony J.
918 Griflfai, Charles L.
917 Grifltn, John W.
918 GrilBn, Wm. H.
896 Griggs, J. W.
918 Gross, Paul
917 Grossman, Charles
1911 Grossman, Moses H.
911 Oroannan, William
921 Grucnberg, George J.
889 Guernsey, Nathaniel T.
912 Ouggenheimer, Okas. S.
922 Gulterman, Milton 8.
912 Gulick, Archibald A.
914 Gurlits, Augustus T.
896 Guthrie. WilUam D.
918 Guy. Charles L.
918 HaggerK>n, Fred H.
914 Hahlo, Louis H.
921 Hall, Henry T.
922 Hall, Louis H.
918 Hall, Sidney
921 Hall, Walter A.
917 Hallook, Charlea P.
921 Hamblen, Chmce
921 Hamersley, Andrew 8.
914 Hamilton, Francis E.
914 Hamilton, Henry l>ewitt
922 Hamilton, Robert Gray
922 Hamilton, Rolhuid J.
920 Hammer, Ernest B. L.
920 Hammond, Henry B.
914 Hand, Augustus N.
918 Hand, Learned
922 Handel, George F.
904 Hanford, Solomon
921 Hanlon, Daniel B.
STATE LIST OF MEMBERS BY Gil
miW YOSK
V«w TOTk 0it7 (Hev York)
Haw
York Oity (New Y
OoBt'd
Oont'd
1919
Hanlon, Edwwd K.
1918
Hicka, R. Randolph
1021
Harawits, Abnhttm
1922
Higgins, AlTin M.
1918
Harb7. Marx S.
1921
Higley, Brodie G.
me
HardiBff, Edward
1921
Hill, PhiUp S.
1913
Hardon, Henry W.
1922
Hill, Thomas A.
1911
Hardy, Obarlea J.
1911
Hines, Walker D.
1907
Hare, Montgomeir
1918
Hlnrichs, Alfred E.
1921
Harmer, Hugh M.
1914
Hinrichs. Frederic W.
1911
Harper, Donald
1917
Hinch, Morris J.
1922
Harper, Harold
1914
Hinh, Hugo
1907
Harria, Albert H.
1922
Hlavac, Albert, Jr.
1914
Harria, UaxweU 8.
1922
Hoar, Friend
1921
Harrla, Peyton Randolph
1911
Hobbs, Elon 8.
1918
Harris, Sidn^
1917
Hochberg, Oscar
1928
Harriaon, Julian 0.
1916
Hodson, Clarence
1911
Harriaon, Robert L.
1914
Hoes, Ernest P.
1918
Hartfleld. Joaeph M.
1921
Hoffman, Herman
1921
Hartman, Guatave
1907
Holcorob» AUred E.
1922
HartBtein, Benjamin A.
1922
HoUey, Nyle J.
1921
HarUt^, Harry 8.
19U
Holmes, George
1921
Harvey, Wallace P.
1922
Holmes, George E.
1921
Harwood, Gharlea
1921
Holmes, Jabish
1907
Hatch, Edward W.
1922
Holmes, Lester S.
1922
Hatch, Eugene H.
1921
Holstein, Mark G.
1912
Haughwout, James Ard
1918
Holt, George C.
1918
Haviland. Henry H.
1914
Holt, Roecoe T.
1900
Hay, Eiigene G.
1921
Holtxoff, Alexander
1906
Hayes, Alfred
1922
Honig, Ralph
1922
Hayes, Carroll
1922
HoDig, 'Sigmund
1917
Hayes, George B.
1918
Hope, Walter E.
1912
Hayes, James 11., Jr.
1912
Horan, Michael J.
1918
Hays, Arthur G.
1918
Homblower, George S.
1918
Hays, Daniel P.
1921
Horowitz, Max
1916
Haj'ward, Jonathan B.
1917
Horwitz, Harry L.
1907
Hedges, Job E.
1899
HotchkiBS, WUliam H.
1921
Heinsheimer, Norbert
1914
Hottenstein, Mar|^^ S.
1921
Helfat, J. Nathan
1911
Hough, Charles M.
1911
Hellier, Charles E.
1921
Hourwich, Isaac A.
1907
Hemmens, Henry J.
1922
Howard, George C.
1921
Hendricks. Henry S.
1921
Howard, George H.
1922
Hendrickson, Robert E.
1922
Howe, Thomas
1921
Henriques, t^emando
1914
Howson, Hubert
1918
Hensley, Charles 0.
1922
Hubbell, John E.
1916
Herkimer, Bert 8.
1919
Huberich, Charles H.
1922
Herrick, Frederick M.
1907
Hudson, James A.
1922
Hershfleld, A.
1921
Hughes, Charles E.. Jr
1917
Hertwig, Herman S.
1921
Hughes, George W. R.
1914
Hersog, Paul M.
1918
Hulbert,.G. Murray
1917
Hess, Jerome Rayles
1922
Hull, John Harry
1921
Hewitt, John Vance
1921
Hull, Lawrence C.
1918
Hewitt, Thomas D.
1922
Hull, Ralph 8.
1921
Heydt, Herman A.
1911
Humes, Augustine L.
1922
Heyman, Henry K.
1922
Hunt, Leavltt J.
1918
Heyn, Bernard G.
1918
Router, Frederick C.
19a
Hickey, James H.
1918
Hunter, Henry C.
1918
Hiekoz, Charles R.
1917
Hurd, George F.
AKKRICAK BAB A8800IATION.
VBW TOBX
Vow York City (New York)
Mow
York Olty (New York)
Cont'd
Omt'd
1022
Keniion, Oluirles V.
im2
Lancaster, Wm. W.
1881
Kenna, Edward D.
1921
Lane, Charles J.
1921
Kennedy, James J.
1912
Lane, Woloott 0.
1907
Kenneaon, Thad. DaTia
1918
Lange, Oostav, Jr.
1922
Kent, Frank J.
1918
Laski, Leon
1907
Kenyon, Alan D.
1914
Lauer, Edgar J.
1907
KenyoB, Robert Nelson
1907
Lanterbacb, Edward
1894
^enyoB, Wm. Houston
1922
Lanterstein, Leon
191S
Keogh, Thomaa F.
1921
Larenburg, Arthur
1921
Kern, Howard L.
1921
Lazansky, Edward
1982
Kemgood, Norman W.
1921
Lazaroe, Jacob John
1916
Kemochan, Frederick
1918
Lazenby, John R.
1921
Keutgen, Charles 0.
1918
Leake, Eugene W.
I8M
Kiddle, Alfred W.
1889
Leavitt, John Brooks
1911
Kilsheimer, James B.
1921
Leavy, H. Wilford
1912
Kilsheimer, James B.,
1894
Lee, Blewett
Jr.
1911
LefBngwell, Russell C.
1915
Kimt>all, Harry Orant
1915
Lehman, I. Howard
1912
King, Frederick P.
1918
Lehman, Irving
1921
King, Robert N.
1922
Leiterman, Samuel N.
1921
King, Walter John
1918
Lenasen, Nicholas F.
1917
Kingsbury, Howard
1917
Leon, Maurice
Thayer
1928
Lesser, Benjamin
1902
Klrchwey, George W.
1918
Lesser, Jacob J.
1899
KirUn, J. Parker
1921
Leve, J. Arthur
1907
Kirtland, Michel
1922
Levene, Alexander
1914
Kitchel, Wm. Lloyd
1911
Levi, Joseph C.
1913
Kleeberg, Gordon S. P.
1921
Levin, Harry
1921
Klein, Harry T.
1921
Levis, Robert P.
1922
Klein, K. Karl
1921
Levison, Philip
1907
Kling, Joseph
1921
Levy, Edward B.
1922
Klinger, Leopold
1918
Levy, Felix H.
1921
Knight, Harry E.
1902
Levy, Joseph L.
1921
Knobloch, Henry F. J.
1918
Levy, Leo
1921
Knox, Arthur
1918
Levy, Samuel
1920
Knox, John .Clarke
1922
tkyy, Samuel M.
1921
Knox, Lewis T.
1922
Lewinson, Benoo
1917
Koch, Edward R.
1920
Lewis, Clarence M.
1922
Kohl, Edwin Phillips
1922
Lewis, Liston L.
1914
Kohn, Walter Thomas
1914
Lewis, Louis S.
1922
Kopple, Morris D.
1922
Lewis, Robt. E. L.
1922
Kramer, Samuel
1921
Lewis, Roger
1922
Kraus, Mortimer
1914
Lhowe, Harold Rogers
1921
Kreyoruck, Frank
1922
Uchtig, Arnold
1920
Krieger, Myron
1907
Liebman, Walter H.
1920
Kuhn, Arthur K.
1922
Lilly, William
1911
Kuhn, John J.
1922
Limburg, Herbert R.
1922
Kurs, Irving J.
1918
Lindheim, Norvin R.
1922
Kutner, Joseph H.
1907
Lindsay, John D.
1921
Kutscher, Harry
1922
Lippitt, Guy H.
1921
Kuzmier, Robert X.
1922
Lippman, Max
1918
Lacombe, E. Henry
1921
Livermore, Arthur L.
1921
Lambert, I. Sidney
1912
Lockwood, Charles 0.
1913
Lamey, William J.
1922
Loew, William N.
1921
Lampke, A. Glazier
1921
London, Horace
1919
1919
1918
1921
1907
1918
1916
1914
1918
1980
1982
1922
1921
1914
1918
1914
1922
1922
1907
1918
1911
1914
1921
1917
1922
1907
1982
1922
1922
1922
1906
1922
1900
1918
1914
1911
1921
1918
1911
1911
1918
1922
1896
1916
1907
1911
1921
1918
1886
1911
1922
1912
1916
1980
rmk 01«3r (MMr York)
OootM
Loomia, Homer L.
LotMh, John L.
Loocki, Wm. Dewfy
Lonrie, John M.
Lovett, Robert S.
Low, Walter CsrroU
Lowe, John Z., Jr.
Lowther, WiUiam Earie
Luckey, David B.
Ludirigli, Elek John
Lorie, Herman I.
I^n, Ross W.
lorttle, John L.
McAdoo, William
McAvoy, John Y.
McOtbe, Ambrose F.
McOtndleas, Charles W.
Mc(noy, Joseph F.
McOollester. Parker
McCook, Philip James
McCorkle, Walter L.
McOalloh, Allan
McDermott, C. J.
McDonald, Kinnie O.
McDonald, PrathAr 8.
McBachen, John C.
McElheny, V. K., Jr.
McQaree, Franda D.
McGovem, John T.
McGrann, William H.
McOuire, Edward J.
McDvaine, Tompkins
Mdnnes, Hamilton
Mcintosh, Jas. H.
McKee, Lanier
McKelvey, John Jay
McKenna, Thomaa P.
McKercher, Clark
MdLaughlin, George A.
McMahon, Fulton
McManua, Terence J.
McNaboe, James F.
McNamars, Stuart
McKulty, WiUUm D.
McTigue, John G.
McWilliams, Howard
Maaas, Herbert H.
MacDonald, Henry
MacHeniy, Charlea A.
Mack. Julian W.
MacKenzie, Kenneth K.
MacMahon, Thomaa F.
MacVeagh, Charles
Magtnnis, Samnel Abbott
Mahon. WUliam J.
STATE LIST OF MEKBERS BY CIT
ir«w York Cit7 (New Taric)
Cont'd
1918 MaleviiiBky, Mosei L.
1921 Mallet-PreTOflt, Severo
1912 Maloney, William P.
1921 lUnderaon, Edward W.
1922 Manice, Wm. De Forest
1922 ICanafleld, Henry S.
1914 Mansfield, Howard
1919 Manton, Martin T.
1915 .March, Moncure
1917 Margeaon, Wylie O.
1916 Marlon, Samuel
1922 Markewich, Samuel
1922 Marks, Bertram L.
1922 Marks, Maurice
1917 Marsh, Charles Capron
1922 Marsh, John B.
1921 Marsh, Robert McC.
1922 Marslian, Everard B.
1913 Marshall, H. Snowden
19U Marshall, James M.
1906 Marshall, Louis
1907 Martin, William J.
1007 Martin, William Par-
menter
1914 Marvin, Langdon P.
1916 Mason, L. Randolph
1922 Masslich, Chester B.
1914 Maaten, Arthur Hayns-
worth
1907 Mastick, Seabury C.
1917 Mathewson, Douglas
1921 Matthews, Ben A.
1922 Matthews, William
1921 Matthews, William J.
1921 Mattuck, George F.
IffU Maxwell, William K.
1918 Mayer, Heniy J-
1918 Mayer, Julius M.
1921 Mayer, Milton
1922 Medalie, George Z.
1907 MeUen, Chase
1918 Melville, Henry
1922 Memhard, Allen R.
1916 Menken, S. SUnwood
1922 Merchant, Ernest H.
1902 Merchant, Henry D.
1922 Merle-Smith, Van 8.
1918 Metcalf. Orlando P.
1022 Metcalfe. Ernest George
1922 Meyer, Charles H.
1911 Meyer, Walter E.
1902 Meyers, Sidney &
1921 Michael, Jerome
1013 Micbell, Arthur A.
1922 MIddlebrook, Frederic J.
MSW TOBX
ir«w York City (New Y
Cont'd
1913 Milbank, Albert Q.
1309 Milbum, John O.
1921 Miller, David Hmite
1928 Miller, Henry &
1913 Miller, Hugh O.
1921 Miller, Philip U
1914 Miller, Seaman
1805 Miller, Wm. W.
1922 Millsaps, Louis
1914 Mingle, Harry Bower
1921 Minrath, Ferdinand
1906 Minton, Francis L.
1913 Mitchell, Harold C.
1021 Mitchell, Henry B.
1911 Mitchell, Joseph V.
1911 Mitchell, Robt. Gh
berlain
1922 Moers, Robert
1922 Moffat, Walter
1918 Monroe, Robt. Orier
1918 Montague, Gilbert H.
1913 Montgomery, Robert
1911 Mooney, Edmund L.
1921 Moore, Edwin N.
1889 Moore, John B.
1921 Moore, John Francis
1916 Moore, Samuel W.
1921 Moos, Louis H.
1922 Moran, Alice H.
1917 Moran, Samuel P.
1918 Morawetz, Victor
1907 Morgan, George W.
1914 Morgan, Wm. Osgood
1918 Morris, Arthur J.
1918 Morris, Dave H.
1907 Morris; Robert C.
1918 Morrison, Isidore D.
1922 Morrison, Louis J.
1907 Morrow, Dwight W.
1922 Morse, Richard D.
1894 Morse, Waldo G.
1921 Moses, Alfred S.
1921 Moses, Henry L.
1922 Moses, James O.
1912 MosesBohn, David N.
1919 Mozzor, Clara Ruth
1921 Mulqueen, Michael J.
1922 Mungall, Daniel
1918 Murphy, Charles F.
1921 Murphy, J. Edward
1918 Murphy, William £.
1007 Murray, A. Gordon
1021 Murray, Geo. Welwood
1007 Murtha, Thomas F.
1916 Myers. Saul S.
968
AMi&RICAX BAR A8S0CIATX0N.
«
KSW TOXX
ir«w York Olty (K«w York)
Cont'd
1915 O'fihea, Ambrote L.
1918 Ovarlander, Ruftu U.
102S Owen, Clifford B.
1918 Pace, Alfred R.
1911 Page, CecU
1911 Face, Waiiam B.
1918 Paine, Willie S.
1922 Panaro, Carmine A.
1907 Pariah, Edward C.
1898 Parker, Alton B.
1911 Parker, Junlue
1910 Parkinson, Thomas I.
1918 Parka, Elton
1907 Parmly, Randolph
1912 Paakiu, Benjamhi O.
1921 Paakus, Martin B.
1916 Paton, Thomaa B.
1918 Patteraon, Frank H.
1914 Patterwn, Frederick H.
1907 Paulding, Charles C.
1921 Peaslee, Amos J.
1921 Peck, Bajard L.
1907 Pegram, Heniy
1911 Pendleton, Francis K.
1921 Penfleld, E. Jean Nelson
1918 Penrose, John J.
1922 Perkins, A. Roy
1922 Perkins, Robert W.
1922 Perrin, Lee J.
1917 Perry, John M.
1918 Peters, CurUs A.
1918 Peters, John W.
1920 Peterson, Thomas F.
1912 Pette, Alfred C.
1921 Pettus, Isabella H.
1894 Petty, Robert D.
1907 Philipp, Moritz B.
1921 Phillips, John Preston
1892 Pierce, Winslow S.
1917 Pierson, Charles W.
1922 Pierson, Howard O.
1920 nnks, James Leslie
1906 Place, Ira A.
1921 Plante, C. Bertram
1918 Plataek, H. Warley
1922 Poller, David S.
1921 Pollak, Walter H.
1921 Pompan, Maurice A.
1921 Poore, John C.
1918 Porter, Claude R.
1907 Porter, Louis H.
1912 Posner, Louis S.
1921 Potter, Edward
1921 Potter, Florence Ilsnircr-
field
1887 Potter, Frederick
ir««
York City (New York)
Man
Cont'd
1921
Potter, Michael
1918
1911
Potts, Joseph
1922
1921
Powell, Frederick J.
1914
1920
Powell, Henry M.
1922
1919
Powell, Thomas Reed
1918
1919
Powell. Wilson M.
1922
1918
Pratt, Addison &
1916
1911
Pratt, Chas. A. B.
1907
1914
Pratt, Qeorge C.
1921
1922
Prentice, Ezra P.
1921
1916
Prentice, Robert Kelly
1918
1921
Price, Benjamin 11.
1884
1920
Price, Harvey C.
1907
1921
Price, Morris L
1911
1902
Prindle, Edwin J.
1918
1912
Pringle, Edward G.
1806
1914
Prioleau, Thomag G.
1913
1907
Proskauer, Joseph M.
1921
1921
PSaki, Nicholas G.
1920
1907
Purrington, Wm. Archer
1917
1911
Putman, James L.
191S
1914
Putney, Edmonds
1907
1922
Quigg, Murray' Townmend
1921
1917
Quinby, Henry C.
1921
1907
Quina, John
1921
1922
Rabe, Rudolph F.
1921
1922
Ra^ner, Louis C.
1922
1922
Raines, George Curtis
1922
1914
Ramsey, George
1920
1907
Rand, William
1922
1914
Ransom, William L.^-nn
1921
1921
Raphael. Jesse S.
1907
1921
Rapp, Stephen K.
1912
1922
RaHcb, Simon
1916
1922
Rathbone, Albert
1916
1911
Read, William T.
191S
1914
Rcass, Benjamin
1911
1894
Redding, William A.
1921
1902
Redflpid, Henry S.
1907
1922
Reed, Louis F.
1916
191S
Reed, Robert R.
1914
1894
Reeves, Alfred O.
1917
1922
Regan, Jame« S.
1804
1922
Reich. Max
1922
1915
Rem8en, Daniel S.
1914
1914
Reynolds. Leonard J.
1921
1922
Rice, Julian
1922
1922
Rich. Maurice B.
1921
1921
Richards. George
1922
1922
Ricks. Jesse Jay
1921
1918
Riegelman, Charles A.
1922
1922
Riegelman, Harold
1922
1920
Rifkind, Albert J.
1921
1911
Riker, Samuel, Jr.
1922
1918
Ritterbusch, Hugo H.
1921
1921
Robeson. Robert J.
1907
Maw TMk Olty CNew York)
Cont'd
Robinsdn, Beverley R.
Robinson, Harry J.
Robinson, John C
Robinson, John J.
Robinson, Nelson L.
Robinson, Watson B.
Rode, Henry J.
Roe, Gilbert E.
Roeder, Jehial M.
Rogers, Chsrles P.
Rogers, Oustavus A.
Rogers, Henry Wade
Rogers, Hubert E.
Rogers, Noah Comwell
Rogers, Robert F.
Root, Eliho
Root, Elihu, Jr.
Roae, Alfred L.
Rose, L. Raymond
Rose, William R.
Rosenberg, Ely
Rosenberg, James N.
Rosenbluth, Abraham
Rosendale, George
Rosenschein, Charles S.
Ross, Arthur Leonard
Ross, Ernest
Rosston, Walter J.
Rothschild, Jay Leo
Rothwell, Vincent H.
Rotkowitz, Harry
Rounds, .Arthur C.
Rounds, Ralpli S.
Rowe, Charles T. B.
Rubin, George R.
Rubin, J. Robert
Rubino, Heuy A.
Ruch, Clinton J.
Rush, Thomas E.
Rushmore, Charles E.
Russell, Chsrles T.
Russell, Edward
Russell, Isaac F.
Russell, Paris S.
Russell, Philip W.
Russell, William E.
Ruther, P. F. W.
Rutherford, Bobbins S.
Ryall, George
Ryan, Frederick R.
Ryan, John Power
Ryttenberg, Moses R.
Sabbatino, Peter L. P.
Sachs, Louis
Sack. Istdor
Sackett, Henry W.
STATE LIST OF MEMBERS BY OK
V«w York Olty (New York)
Cont'd
1907 Sage, Dean
1922 St. John. T. Raymond
1922 Salant, Louii
1921 * SaltzDMn, Samuel
1921 Sammet, Harry
1916 Sammia, Elmer O.
1928 Samaela, A. Bertram
1921 Sanders, Frederick M.
1920 Sanderi, Walter 0.
1916 Sanford, Elmer B.
1918 Satterlee, Herbert L.
1912 Sawyer, Oleon J.
1922 Saxe, John Godfrey
1921 Saxe, lOrtin
1918 Scanlan, Michael J.
1912 Schaap, Michael
1921 SchafPner, Walter
1921 Schanzer, Albert D.
1922 Scfaapiro, J.
1921 Scharps, Albert T.
1919 Schechto', Jacob
1921 Schenck, Frederick P.
1921 Schiff, Jacob R.
1921 Schleimer, Max
1922 Schleainger, Isidore E.
1921 SchloflB, Norman P. 8.
1918 Schmuck, Peter
1921 Sdimuck, ThomM Kirby
1922 Scholer, Jacob
1921 Scfaoonmaker, Herbert S.
1914 Schramm, Arnold O.
1921 Schreiber, Benjamin F.
1918 Schreiber, George G.
1911 Schmman, George W.
1907 Schurs, Carl L.
1921 Schtuter, Edward
1922 Schwab, Joseph S.
1921 Schwartz, Edward S.
1918 Schwartz, Louis J.
1921 ikhwartzchild, Monroe M.
1921 Schwebel, Jacob J.
1918 Scott, Rufufl L.
1922 Scudder, Towaend
1922 Scully, Raymond J.
1913 Seabury, Samuel
1911 Seabury, William M.
1914 Seaaongood, Clifford
1921 Seibert, William H.
1922 Seidman, Joseph W.
1921 Seligman, Eustace
1920 Seligsberg, Walter N.
1918 Semple, Lorenzo
1922 Sena, Harry
1921 Serrell, Arthur H.
1918 Seymour, Daniel
1922 Sejrmour, John 8.
1907 Seymour, Origen S.
MEW YORK
V«w York City (New 1
Cont'd
1918 Shaffer, Jacob H.
1919 Shaine, Mamice L.
1921 Shalek, Bernard A.
1028 Shapiro, Isadore
1982 Shattuck, Edwin P.
1921 Shaw, Robert A.
1911 Sheam, Clarence J.
1918 Sheen, James Morgan
1918 Sheffield, James R.
1907 Sheldon, Edward W.
1917 Shellabarger, Joseph I
1982 Sheppard, Walter C.
1911 Sherman. P. Tecumseti
1921 Sherman, Thomas A.
1911 Sherrill. Charles H.
1921 Shientag, Bernard L.
1921 Shlivek, Max
1914 Sicher, Dudley F.
1921 Siegel, Alexander B.
1918 Siegel, Isaac
1022 Siegel, Meyer D.
1914 Siegelatein, Bennett E.
1914 SUlcocks, Henry
1914 Simmons, Maurice
1922 Simpson, George W.
1921 Skinner, George I.
1922 Skutch, Ira
1922 Slattery, John R.
1921 Smith, A. Parker
1808 Smith, Burton
1922 Smith, Eliot Oongdon
1919 Smith, F. Harold
1922 Smith. Frederick P.
1922 Smith. J. Boyce, Jr.
1922 , Smith, J. Milton
1913 Smith, John Thomas
1922 Smith, Leonard Hull
1920 Smith, Stafford
1917 Smith, W. Stebbins
1914 Smith, William Mason
1917 Smyth, Francis
1914 Smyth, Herbert C.
1922 Snitkin, Leonard A.
1922 Snyder, Marshall
1921 Sobel, Joseph
1921 Solomon, Louis H.
1921 Solomon, Mortimer W.
1918 Spalding, Lyman A.
1914 Speer, Peter M.
1911 Spellman, Benjamin F.
1918 Speranza, Gino C.
1907 Sperry, Eugene E.
1922 Spiegelberg, F.
1918 Spingam, Arthur B.
1921 Spitz, Leopold
1809 Spooner, Charles P.
970
AMSBICAX BAB ASSOCIATION.
N«w York Oltjr (New Toxic)
Oont'd
1911 TtJt, Heniy W.
1921 Taft, Walbridge &
1890 Taggftrt, W. Buab
1914 Talbot, Harry A.
1921 Tannenbaum* Samuel W.
1917 Tanner, Frederick O.
1907 Tappan, J. B. OoIm
1921 Tauach, J. Franklin
1922 Tausky, Alexander A.
1014 Taylor, Charles I.
1921 Taylor, Frank Carroll
1913 Taylor, George U.
1906 Taylor, John Bobert
1914 Taylor, Myron O.
1900 Taylor, Walter F.
1921 Taylor, Winthrop
1922 Teeta, Herbert M.
1906 Terry, Cbas. Thaddeus
1920 Terry, Henry T.
1922 Tbach, Bobert Gordon
1907 Thacher, Archibald G.
1922 Theodore, Millard E.
1916 Thomson, George J.
1914 Thorn, Charles E.
1907 Thome, Samuel, Jr.
1921 Tison, Alexander
1916 Titsworth, Frederick S.
1921 Titus-Wern«r, M. Stan-
leyetta
1914 Tobias, Julius D.
1921 Todd, Ambrose O.
1915 TomliAsoB, Boy E.
1914 Tompkins, Leslie J.
1914 Tompkins, Millard F.
1918 Tompkins, Walter K.
1014 Toole, John Conway
1921 Towne, Paul B.
1018 Towner, Butherford H.
1922 Towuend, Dallas S.
1914 Townsend, Gerard B.
lOU Townsend, Henry C.
1917 Townsend, Howard
1921 Townsend, Myron T.
1918 Tracy, John E.
1018 Trapnell, Benjamin
1918 Treadwell, Eugene
1922 Tucker, G«orge W.
1922 Tuckennan, Eliot
1914 TuUy. Wm. J.
1907 Turrell, Edgar A.
1914 Tuska, Benjamin
1918 Tuttle, Charles H.
1921 Tweed, Harrison
1921 Twyeffort, Frank H.
1914 Ulman, William Alban
1914 Untermycr, Alvin
VIW TOEX
V«w York Oit7 (New York)
Cont'd
911 Untermyer, Samuel
914 Vaill, Edward B.
918 Van Bensohoten, Wnu H.
914 Vandirer, Almuth Cun-
ningham
.911 Van Iderstine, Bobert
908 Van Sinderen, Howard
922 Van Winkle, Albert
922 Vamey, Lucius E.
1913 Veeder, Van Vechten
918 Viele, Dorr
890 Vieu, Henry A.
922 ViUle, Benedict 8.
919 Voorhees, Tracy S.
911 Vorhaus, Louis J.
1922 Wachtel, Samuel Bobert
918 Wack, Henry W.
921 Wagener, August P.
911 Wagner, Franklin Allan
918 Wainwright, J. Mayhew
922 Wald, Albert
917 Walker, George H.
1914 Walker, Geo. B.
917 Walker, Boberts
12 Walker, Walter B
914 Wallace, William, Jr.
921 Walser, Guy O.
904 Walsh, Arthur B.
917 Walah, Thomas L.
887 Ward, Henry G.
918 Wardwell, Allen
911 Warfleld, Frederic P.
922 Warner, John B.
922 Warshaw, Irving 0.
918 Waaserman, Frank
907 Wataon, Archibald B.
913 Weadock, John 0.
922 Weathers, Niel A.
918 Wechsler, Martin
91 i Wechsler, Sigmund
920 Weed, Chester A.
921 Weed, Bichmond
916 Wehle, Louis B.
922 Weil, Frank L.
922 Weiss, William
922 Weisser, Budd S.
913 Weldon, Bichard E.
913 Weller, Boyal H.
922 Wellman, Francis L.
916 Wellman, Guy
900 Wells, T. Tileston
914 Wels, Isidor
907 Wensley. Bobert L.
911 Werner, Charles H.
911 Wesaelman, Henry B.
914 Westermayr, Arthur J.
Hew York Olty (New York)
(TontM
1921 Wetmore, J. D.
1907 Whalen, John
1914 Wheat, Alfred A.
1922 Wheeler, Ernest E. *
1879 Wheeler, Everett P.
1904 Wheleas, Joseph
1922 Whitaker, Frederick P.
1918 White, Burrell O.
1914 White, J. Du Pratt
1922 White, William Oravath
1918 White, Wm. Wallace
1911 Whitford, Daniel
1907 Whitlock, Victor B.
1918 Whitman, (Charles 8.
1918 Whitney, Frauds N.
1922 Whitney. Travif H.
1914 Wickersham, Cornelius
W.
1907 Wickersham, George W.
1912 Wickwire, Arthur M.
1918 Wiener, Adam
1907 Wilder, William Boyal
1921 Wiley, Silas M.
1809 Wilfley, LebbeuB R.
1914 Wilkie, John L.
1906 Williams, Frank B.
1922 Williams, Harold V.
1907 Williams, Henry D.
1014 Williams, I. Newton
1918 Williams, James D.
1921 Williams^ Roger H.
1922 Williamaon, CUftoo P.
1918 Williamson, P. W.
1917 Wilson, Andrew
1918 Wilson, B. B.
1918 Wilson, Eugene &
1921 Wilson, Ludwig U.
1896 Wing, Henry T.
1922 Wing, Thomas E.
1918 Wingate, l^illiam W.
1913 Winkler, Max H.
1906 Winslow, Willism Bev-
erly
1914 Winthrop, Branson
1922 Winthrop, GienviUe B.
1921 Wirth, Frederick, Jr.
1907 Wise, Edmond E.
Wise, Henry A.
Wise, Heniy U.
1918 Witte, Herman J.
1900 Wolcott, Prank T.
1920 Wolcott, Balph Sw
1918 Wolf, Balph
1920 Wolff, Henry J.
1016 WoliT, Mervyn
1896 Wollman, Henry
1911
19U
STATE LIST OF MEMBERS BY Gl
K«w Ywk City (New York)
Cont'd
1921 Wood, Roger B.
1911 Woods. Sam'l B., Jr.
1916 Woolsey, John M.
1911 Worcester, Edwin D.
1920 Wormaer, I. Maurice
1921 Worthington, George E.
1911 Wright, Arthur
1921 Wright, Bartley J.
1922 Wright, Boardman
1911 Wyckoff, J. Edwards
1921 Tankauer, Alfred
1911 Young, Owen D.
1919 Young, William Wallace
1911 Zabriflkie, Oeorge .
1921 Zelenko, Jacob
1921 Ziegler, Irving E.
1922 Zieser, Julius A.
1982 Zimmennan, Thomas L.,
Jr.
1921 Zinke, Alexander U.
1922 Zollne, Elijah N.
VUffara TaUs (Niagara)
1916 Ackerson, Fred. M.
1918 Chormann, Frederick
1922 Clark, Martin Lee
1921 Cohen, Paul P.
1921 Constantine, Henry A.
1921 Findlay, Francis T.
1921 Franchott, Edward E.
1921 Hunt, William L.
1921 Moore, Robert J.
1921 Nicholson, Frank B.
1921 Noonan, Michael J.
1921 Orr, George A.
1921 RobiUard, Basil
1921 Runals, Clarence R.
1918 Smith, WilUam S.
1921 Wallace, William C.
1921 Weil, Abraham
Vorwleh (Chenango)
1911 Lee. David F.
1918 Ray, George W.
Vanck (Rockland)
1922 Coan, 0. Arthur
1921 HoffsUtter, E. W.
1899 Quackenbush, James L.
Ogdaniburg (St. Lawrence)
1912 Spratt, Thomas
1918 Waterman, Robert E.
Olean (Cattaraugus)
1918 Hastings, Allen J.
NEW TORX
Oneonta (Otsego)
1918 Kellogg, Abraham
Oswtgo (Oswego)
1913 Barnes, Esra A.
Falymra (Wayne)
1913 Sawyer, 8. Nelson
1902 Sexton, Pliny T.
Patchogut (Suffolk)
1914 Jaycox, Walter H.
PUttiburgh (Clinton
1914 Cotter, Thomas B.
1921 Gordon, Ernest C.
1912 Hogue, Arthur S.
1921 Pattison, William L
1914 Smith, Frank Euger
1921 Tiemey, Patrick J.
Port Ohtster (Westchesi i
1911 Taylor, Benjamin
Port Henry (Essex)
1917 Dudley, Fred W.
Port Jervls (Orange)
1921 Gregg, William P.
Potsdam (St. Lawrence
1918 Ingram, Harry M.
Ponghkeepiie (Dutches
1921 Arnold, a W. H.
1921 Barker, ^arry C.
1912 Burton, Robert
1921 Haas, Edward K.
1921 Hawley, Earl
1921 Lown, Frank B.
1921 Mack, John E.
1907 M(u-schaus«r, Joe.
1921 Reynolds, Allen S.
1921 Russell, Elijah T.
1921 Van De Water, John I
1907 Warner, James Harold
1921 Worrell, George
Biohmond Hill (Queens
1917 Hoy, Theodore B.
Rochester (Monroe)
1911 Adier, Isaac
1907 Brown, Selden S.
1918 Castle, Kendall B.
1914 CSiurch, Frederick F.
1921 Cleary, Edward L.
973
AHSRIGAN BAB A8800IATION.
VZW TOBX— VOBTH OABOUVA
■kamMMM- (OnoBdaia)
19tl Mfiford, Oharki R.
l9ftiklU (RocUiuid)
lfll4 Bauer, Oswald A.
IviTeni (Rockland)
IflU Lexow, Morton
■jnUniM (Onondaga)
ins AndrewB, Williftm 8.
im Barker, Allen J.
ins Bond, Ctoorge H.
19S1 Bondy, Joseph
19S1 Byrne, (3harlea V.
ISSS (Simpman, George D.
1911 CSienay, Jerome L.
I9B1 Clymer, Virgil H.
1917 Ooatello, David F.
1901 Deniflon, Howard P.
19S1 Pearon, George R.
19S1 Higgins, Grove L.
191S Hiacock, Prank H.
1911 Hodgea, Prank B.
1921 King, Chester H.
1921 Kingalej, Jesse E.
1921 Lewia, Geylon H.
1921 Milford, Gbarles R., Jr.
1911 Nottingham, Edwin
1918 Page, E. J.
1921 Paraona, Burton B.
1921 Rubin, William
1921 Setright, James 0.
1921 Shaw, Oarleton B.
1921 Shulman, Ralph
19S1 Smith, Jacob 0.
19S1 Smith, Ray B.
1921 Stillwell, Giles N.
1911 Stole, Benjamin
1912 Vann, Irving Dillaye
1909 Waters, Louis L.
1921 Yehle, Leo J.
TannenrlUa (Greene)
1914 Lackey, Edward W.
TarrytoWB (Westchester)
1911 Daviaon, Clarence S.
Tloondaroga (Essex)
1917 Lockwood, Roy
1917 Wickes, Prank B.
TottoBLTlUa (Richmond)
1922 Marshall, (diaries A.
Troy (Renaselaer)
1911 Curtis, Prank C.
1918 Pilley, Frederick C.
1914 Holmea, Nortmp R.
1918 McCarthy, Charlea E.
1914 McCarthy, Joaeph A.
1914 Van Santvoord, Seymour
1922 Ward, H. Judd
UtioA (Oneida)
1918 De Angella, p! C. J.
1911 Ferria, T. Harvey
1917 Hart, Merwin K.
1918 Keman, John D.
Waddington (St. Lawrence)
1921 Martin, Frederic H.
WUion (Delaware)
1918 Sewell, Albert U.
(Wyoming)
1914 Charlea, Elmer E.
Wmrwlok (Orange)
1911 Kane, Michael N.
1907 Sanford, Ferdinand V.
WatertowB (Jefferson)
1911 Carlisle, John N.
Watklni (Schuyler)
1921 Northrup, Seaman F.
1921 Watkins, Lewis H.
Waverly (Tioga)
1921 Bell, Frank A.
WelUTlUe (Allegany)
1921 Passett, Lee
Watt Point (Orange)
1914 Kreger, Edward A.
White Plains (Westcheater)
1911 Barrett, Henry R-
1911 Buckbee, Monmouth S.
1922 Digney, John M.
Whlteatone (Queens)
1922 Weaver, W. Edgar
WoodhaTen (Queens)
1921 De la Vergne, James P.
Woodatook (Ulster)
1921 ReiflFert. Edith A.
1911 Brennan, John P.
1918 Relyea, William a
1918 Scrugham, W. Waiburton
1918 Wallin, William J.
1918 Walsh, WiUiam A.
MOBTH OABOLZVA
AlbamarU (Stanly)
1917 Mann, WillUm Lee
1913 Smith, Robert Lee
Apex (Wake)
1917 Olive, Percy J.
Aahaboro (Randolph)
1928 Robins, H. M.
AahevlUe (Buncombe) ^
1911 Adams, Junius O.
1911 Bernard, Silas G.
1886 Blair, John S.
1911 Bourne, Louis M.
1916 Brown, Mark W.
1917 Glenn, J. Frazier
1921 Gudger, Vonno h.
1915 Harkins, Thomaa J.
1917 Johnston, A. Hall
1921 Lee, Charlea O.
1911 Martin, Julius 0.
1910 Merrick, Duff
1912 Merrimon, Jsm-ss O.
1910 Parker, Haywood
1921 Pritchard, McKinlay
1909 Rollins, Thomas Scott
1917 Stevens, Henry B.
1921 Swain, J. E.
1918 Sykea, Charlea Lee
1918- Thomas, F. W.
1912 Van Winkle, Kingsland
1917 Weaver, Zebulon
Beaufort (CSarteret)
1917 Duncan, J. P.
Boone (Watauga)
1920 Linney, Prank A.
Burlington (Alamance)
1917 CarroU, William H.
BumaTllla (Tancey)
1917 Ray, J. Bis
Carthago (Moore)
1917 Adams, W. J.
1912 Seawall, Herbert P.
1911 Spence, Union L.
STATE LIST OF HBMBER8 BT OH
OhApel HUl
1915 McQebee, Lvciiu P.
Oharlott« (Mecklenburg)
1912 Admmi, Tbaddeus A.
1921 AlexandeTp Julia M.
1912 Guthrie, Thos. C.
1917 Justice, A. B.
1922 Kenaedj, Frank H.
1917 Kirkpatrick, T. L.
1921 McBae, John A.
1922 Pbarr, Edgar W.
1909 Preston, Edmund R.
1917 Tsjlor. B. L.
OUnton (Sampfwn)
1917 Faiflon, Henry Elias
OoBOOrd (Oabamu)
1917 Crowell, J. Lee
1917 llanesa, Tola D.
Danbnir (Stokea)
1917 Petree, N. O.
Diaa (Harnett)
1917 Cllf jrd, J. 0.
1917 Townsend, N. A.
IHffluua (Durham)
1917 Brogden, W. J.
1918 ErereU, R. O.
1911 Puller, Jonea
1917 Lockhart, Walter S.
1922 Sykes, Robert H.
Ellsftbeth City (Pasquotank)
1918 Aydlett. E. F.
1917 Ehringhaui, J. C. B.
1917 ICeekina, Isaac M.
ElliAbethtown (BUdcn)
1917 Lyon, 0. C.
TayettoTiUe ((Tumberland)
1922 Ayeritt, II. S.
1922 Downing, W. C.
1916 Dye, Robert H.
1922 Nimocka, Q. K.
1917 Robinson, H. McD.
1917 Rose, Charles G.
1916 Sinclair, N. A.
Franklin (Macon)
1918 Robertson, Henry O.
Oaitonia (Gaston)
1922 Bulwinkle, A. L.
1922 Carpenter, John a
VOBTK GAEOUVi
Oaitonla (Gaston) Con
1922 Cheny, R. 0.
1922 DoUey, Stephen B.
1922 Jones, Arthur C
1916 Mangnm, Addiaon Q
1914 Mason, O. F.
1922 Warren, Ernest B.
1922 Wolts, A. E. I
I
Ooldsboro (Wayne)
1917 Daniels, F. A.
1914 Land, Edward M.
1922 Langston, John D.
1917 Robinson, W. S. O'l
1922 Taylor, W. F.
Graham (Alamance)
1917 Parker, E. S., Jr.
Oreensboro (Guilford)
1921 Adams, Spencer B.
1921 Alderman, Sidney S.
1917 Barringer, John A.
1918 Boyd, J. E.
1911 Bradflhaw, George S.'
1915 Brofldhurst, Edgsr D.
1909 Brooks; Aubr^ L.
1907 Bynum, Wm. P.
1917 Cox, Oliver C.
1921 Douglas, Martin F.
1921 Douglas, Robert D.
1921 Duncan, James S.
1917 Frazier, C. Clifford
1917 Hines, Charles A.
1917 Hoyle, Thomas C.
1921 Jerome, Edward C.
1915 King, Robert R.
1921 King, Robert R., Jr.
1917 Sopp, Oscar L.
1921 Shaw, Thomss J.
1921 Shuping, 0. LeRoy
1921 Smith, Julius O.
1921 Stem, Sidney J.
1917 Strudwick, Robert C.
1921 Wyllie, Alfred S.
Greenville (Pitt)
1917 Brown. Julius
1916 Everett, S. J.
1918 Harding, F. 0.
1916 James, F. G.
1911 Skinner, Harry
Renderaon (^'ance)
1917 Bridgerfi, J. H.
1911 Hicks, Thurston T.
1922 McCoin, Rufus Sidney
1922 ZoIlicclTer, Jere Perry
974
AMERICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
NOBTH OABOLZVA— irOBTK DAKOTA
XorrantoB (Burke)
1917 Ervin, Williun O.
1021 Huffman, R. L.
Xount Airy (Suny)
1917 Folger, J. H.
Xnrphy (Cherokee)
1914 Bell, MarriiaU W.
1912 Dillard, John H.
Vow Bern (Craven)
1911 Guion, Owen H.
1918 Moore, Larry T.
1917 Thomas, Charla R.
Bewton (Catawba)
1917 Feimster, Walter 0.
Vorfh WUkeiboro (Wilkea)
1922 Hackett, Frank D.
1922 Hackett, Richard N.
1917 Hayes, Johnson J.
Oxford (Oranville)
1917 Graham. A. W.
Pittiboro (Chatham)
1921 Siler, Walter D.
Baoford (Hoke)
1922 Leach, Oscar
Balolffh (Wake)
1911 Allen, Hurray
1902 Andrews, Alexander B.
1910 Barwick, Allen J.
1900 Biggs, J. Crawford
1921 Boushall, John H.
1921 OttWert, Thomas H.
1916 Haywood, Ernest
1917 Jones, Armstead
1912 Little, J. C.
1921 London, Henry M.
1911 Manning, J. S.
1918 Nash, Frank
1912 Pou, James H.
1919 . Stephenson, Gilbert T.
1899 Walker, Piatt D.
Boiderllle (Rockingham)
1914 Dalton, Wm. Reid
1917 Gildewell, P. W.
Booky Xount (>;dgecombe)
1912 Bassett, L. V.
1917 FounUin, R. T.
1917 Ramsey, Joseph B.
Bozboro (Person)
1917 Carver, F. O.
Butherf ordton (Rutherford)
1921 Hamrick, Fred D.
Baliebury (Rowan)
1900 Clement, L. H.
1914 Linn, Stable
1917 Price, A. H.
1917 Wright, R. Lee
Shelby (Cleveland)
1921 Hoey, Clyde R.
1921 Quinn, J. H.
1917 Rybum, Robert L.
1914 Webb, Edwin T.
Smithfleld (Johnston)
1913 Brooks, Frederick H.
1917 Lyon, W. H., Jr.
1917 Pou, Edward W.
Southern Pinat (Moore)
1921 Pelton, Paul Philip
Southport (Brunswick)
1917 Davis, Robert W.
StatefTtile (Iredell)
1914 Bristol, William A.
1914 Long, Benjamin F.
1917 Turner, W. D.
Tarboro (Edgecombe)
1883 Bridgers, John L.
1919 Gilliam, Donnell
Troy (Montgomery)
1917 Armstrong, Charles A.
1917 Poole, R. T.
WadeiboTO (Anson)
1917 Brock, Walter E.
1917 Caudle, Theron ^.
Warrenton (Warren)
1917 Polk, Taaker
Warsaw (Duplin)
1922 Stevens, H. L.
Washinffton (Beaufort)
1916 Bragaw, Stephen O.
1917 l>aniel, B. A., Jr.
1922 Grimes, Junius D.
1914 Small, John H,
Weldon (HalUkx)
1917 Daniel. Walter E.
1914 Green, George O.
WhiteviUe (Columbus)
1917 Greer, Jackson
Wilkeiboro (Wilkes)
1922 Hendren. F. B.
Williaauton (Martin)
1917 Dunning. A. R.
'Wilmlnrton (New Hanover)
1917 Bellamy, John D.
1916 Carr, J. O.
1906 Davis, Thomas W.
1916 Elliott, George B.
1916 Little, Joseph W.
1916 McClammy, Herbert
1907 Rountree, George
1917 Ruark, Robert
1901 Townea, William A.
1916 Williams, A. S.
1917 Wright, Isaac C.
Wilson (Wilson)
1917 Bruton, John F.
1910 Connor, Henry O.
1914 Dickinson, O. P.
1917 Finch, W. A.
1914 Woodard, John E.
Windsor (Bertie)
1917 Winston, Francis D.
Winston-Salem (Fonyth)
1911 Alexander, Joseph E.
1918 Craige, Burton
1919 Hanes, P. Frank
1918 Hastings, Gideon R.
1911 Hendren, W. M.
1922 Hudson, Hinton Gardner
1917 Kelly, Richard C.
1904 Manly, Clement
1918 Sams, Andrew Fuller
1917 Storbuck, Henry R.
1928 Stockton, Richard O.
1919 Williams, S. Clay
1918 Womble, B. S.
Winton (Hertford)
1914 Bridger. Roawell C.
VOBTR DAKOTA
Amidon (Slope)
1921 Brownlee, Olartnoe P.
STATE LIST OF MEMBEB8 BT 01
BMOh (Ooldea YaU^)
1921 OaUivhcr, R. F.
1982 Keobane, John
Biamarok (Burleigh)
1920 Baker, Benton
1906 Bronaon, HaniaoD A.
1981 OofhUn, Joseph
1981 Daviea, I. 0.
1921 Hyland, J. A.
1916 Johnaon^ Sveinbjorn
1980 Koffel, Theodore
1920 Miller, Andrew
1919 Regitter, P. H.
1982 Shafer, George F.
1918 Toong, 0. L.
BottlBMtn (Bottineau)
1914 Weeka, James J.
Oarrtagton (Foster)
1928 Roopea, W. E.
Oando (Towner)
1982 Kehoe, J. J.
OanoB (Qrant)
1981 Hogan, Vincent
Ooopantown (OriKge)
1982 Sad, John
Orotbjr (Divide)
1921 Homnea, Oeoiv^ P.
D«Tila Lake (Ramaey)
1918 Flynn, Edward F.
1922 Goer, R.
1981 Sinneas, Torger
1918 Traynor, Fred. J.
DidktntOB (Stark)
1920 Burnett, W. F.
1918 Gaaey, Tobias D.
1982 Murtba, Thomaa F.
1980 Pugh, Thomaa H.
DwiM 0«Btar (Dunn)
1920 Nelson, Alfred O.
Bll6Bdal« (Dickey)
1981 Brouillard, T. L.
1920 Graham, Fred J.
Varffo (Gaaa)
1906 Amidon, Ohaa. F.
1982 Bergeaen, A. B.
1882 Clapp, WilUam J.
HOBTB DAKOTA
flurgo (Oaaa) Omf i
1906 Divet, A. G.
1021 Farrand, John D.
1921 Frame, John S.
1922 Green, WilUam 0.
1911 Hildreth, Melirin A.
1921 Horner, H. F.
1921 Ucy, A. O.
1980 Lawrence, Aubrey
1922 Murpby* Matthew f
1920 Pollock, Gbarlea A.
1921 Polk>ck, John 0.
1922 Smith, Bmeraon H.
1982 Temple, Frank I.
1980 Tliorp, George W.
1906 Toong, Newton O.
rMsanden (Wells)
1922 Jansoniua, Fred
Goldan Valley (Mercer)
1982 Bchwarts. Darfd
OraftoB (Walsh)
1928 Depuy, R. 0.
Oraad Forka (Grand Foi
1981 Atkinaon, Thomas E.
1906 Bangs, Ctootge A.
1906 Banga, Tracy R.
1918 Ox>ley, Charlea M.
1918 Mdntyte, W. A.
1906 Murphy, Gharlea J.
1916 O'Connor, J. F. T.
1981 Tbner, T. A.
1921 Void, Lauriz
1981 Willia, Hugh E.
1906 Wineroan, Jacob B.
Hebron (Morton)
1988 Rigler, S. P.
Hettiager (Adams)
1982 Boehm. Paul W.
1922 Garberg, P. B.
1920 Lembke, F. T.
1922 Remmen, M. E.
Jamestown (Stutsman
1918 Aylmer, Adolph W.
1906 Ellsworth, S. E.
1919 Jorgenaon, John A.
1922 Knauf, Arthur L.
1906 Knauf, John
1914 McHarg, Ormaby
1920 Murphy, James A.
1018 Seller, Oscar J.
1920 TeUner, Louis 0.
STATE LIST OF HBHBEBS BY OIT|
kti (Huailtoa) Oont'd
Wl BonhaiD, Fimnk &
19n Bnidl^, DawBon E.
1921 Brink, Edward H.
19S1 BrMdwell, ChArlM
1921 Broemaik, Charlpn W.
1921 Brown, Sanfoid
1914 Bruce, John EL
1921 Brumleve, Leo J., Jr.
1921 Bryant, Oliver 8.
1922 Buchwalter, Morris L.
1921 Buckwalter, Robert Z.
1921 Burch, R. B.
1921 BuBch, H. C.
1921 Gadwell, Karl H.
1921 Caldwell, John A.
1921 Ckldwell, Ralph B.
1921 Oampbell, John V.
1921 Capelle, Loaia H.
1914 Qusatt, Alfred 0.
1912 Ciat, Chas. M.
1921 Olark, James R.
1921 Clark, Ralph E.
1914 Clippinger, W. W.
1916 Cobb. OrrJa P.
1914 Cohen, Alfred M.
1879 Oolaton, Edward
1921 Connelly, Paul V.
3921 Oonroy, Jowph W.
1914 Coppock, Chat. T.
1914 Cramer, Nelson B.
1921 Oushing, Wade
1921 Dale, Ben B.
1921 Darby, Thomaa H.
1921 Daviea, Samuel S.
1913 Decamp^ Walter A.
1917 Dempiey, Edward J.
1921 Dickeiaon, R. T.
1921 Dinsmore, Frank F.
1921 Dixon, Edward T.
1921 Dolle, Charles F.
1921 Dolle, Louis J.
1921 Domette, Charles E.
1921 Domette, George A.
1921 Druffel, John U.
1921 Dunlap, Anthony B.
1921 Durr, Chester S.
1921 Eggers, WillUni A.
1921 Elston, Charles H.
1912 Ernst, Richard P.
1921 Eyricfa, George F.. Jr.
1921 Fit^erald, Charles J.
1921 Forchheimer, Landon L.
1921 Freer, Robert Elliott
1906 Freiberg, A. J.
1921 Freiberg, Leonard H.
1921 Fridman, William M.
1921 Friedman, Harry H.
Olnelattitl (Hamilteo) Oo«
1921 Fuiber, Charles 8.
1921 Gallagher, Andrew 0.-i
1921 GalTin, M. F.
1921 Garver, Leonard, Jr.
1914 Catch, Lewis N.
1921 Oeialer, Alfred T.
1914 Oeoghegan, WiUism Aj
1921 Gholaon, Edwin i
1921 Glbaon, Henry K.
1921 Goebel, Herman P.
1921 Goldman, Robert P.
1921 Goldsmith, Alva W.
1912 Qraydon, Joseph fl.
1907 Greve, Charles Theodo^
1921 Gruber, Adolph A.
1921 Hagana, Samuel L.
1921 Hall, Rufus B.. Jr.
1981 Hammel, Samuel B.
1921 Hargitt, Robert P.
1896 Harmon, Judson
1921 Hauck, Henry G.
1921 Hauer, Edward C.
1921 Hawke, George 8.
1921 Headley, Sanford A.
1914 Heidingsfeld, Ben L.
1921 Heinta, Michael G.
1921 Heinta, Victor
1921 Heintzman, J. W.
1981 Henshaw, SUnley K.
1914 Hermann, Jolin C.
1917 Hickenlooper. Smith
1921 Hinkle, PhiUp
1878 Hoadly, George
1909 Hoflbeimer, Harry M.
1914 Hoffman, Charles W.
1921 Hoffmeister, Cbarlen H.
1981 HoUiater, John R.
1921 Holman, Alfred
1921 Hoover, Francis A.
1912 Hoaea, Lewis M.
1921 Hudson, John G.
1921 Hulswitt, B. A.
1921 Hunt, Charles J.
1921 Jackson, Herbert
1919 Jacobs, Carl M., Jr.
1910 Jelke, Ferdinand, Jr.
1912 Johnson, Clyde P.
1896 Johnson, Simeon M.
1921 Jones, Edward H.
1921 Jones. Oliver B.
1921 Jones, Onrille K.
1921 Jones, Spencer M.
1921 Kattenhom, George H.
1921 Kell«y, Joeeph B.
1921 Kelley. Thomas U.
1921 King, E. Scott
1908 Knight. Wslter A.
978
AMERICAN BAR A880GIATI0K.
Otnotniiatl (Hftmiltoa) Ooot'd
19S8 Peacock, George Olere-
land
1921 Pendleton, Elliott H.
1014 Peten, Edward F.
1021 Pharee, Oarl
1914 Pogue, Province M.
19S1 Pogue, Thomaa L.
1921 Porter, W. T.
1921 Powell, Richard A.
1912 Pugh. Robert 0.
1921 Quigley. Harry N.
1921 Rappoport, John E.
1921 Remke, Richard
1921 Rich, John L.
1914 RieUy, William J.
1921 Rockel, Henry L.
1921 Roewler, A. B.
1921 Boettlnger, Stanley Clay
1921 Rogen, H. Kenneth
1921 Rogers, John O.
1914 Ronnebaum, Anthony
1921 Rose, O. 0.
1921 Rosa, Simon
1912 Ronae, John T.
1916 Runmiel, O. Albert
1921 Ryan, Dennis J. *
1921 Ryan, Walter A.
1921 Samuels, Julius R.
1921 Sawyer, Charles
1921 Sawyer, Louis B.
1921 Scanlon, John A.
1912 Schindel, John Randolph
1921 Schmitt, Walter
1914 Schorr, David P.
1921 Schwartz, Albert W.
1914 Seasongood, Murray
1921 Shattuck, A. C.
1921 Shoemaker, Murray M.
1921 Shohl, Walter M.
1921 Shook, Chester R.
1921 Slutes, M. C.
1912 Smiley, James J.
1806 Smith, Rufus B.
1912 Smith, Samuel W., Jr.
1921 Spangenberg, Arthur R.
1921 Spangenbcrg, Otto O.
1921 Stark, William A.
1914 Stephens. Charles H.
1921 Stephens, Charles H., Jr.
1914 Btettinlus, John L.
1914 Stewart, James G.
1886 Stoehr, Oscar
1900 Strieker, Sidney Q-
1800 Strong, Edward W.
1921 Stnible, SUnley
1914 Suire, Frank 0.
1914 Sutphin, Dudley V.
ono
OinelBBfttl (Hamilton) Cont'd
1921 Swing, James B.
1921 Taft, Robert A.
1921 Taylor, Walter O.
1921 Terry, Charles B.
1921 Thompson, John C.
1017 Thomdyke, William
1921 Tischbein, A. L.
1921 Tuttle, Burton B.
1921 Tl'ler, Wilfred IL
1921 Urban, Charles H.
1921 Usher, Thomas
1921 Vigran, Nathan
1914 Waite, Moriflon R.
1012 Walker, Ghas. A. J.
1921 Werner, Oarl O.
1914 Wesselmann, Frederick
B.
1919 Wheaton, Oarl Crumbie
1921 Wilby, Joseph
1915 Wilby, Mitchell
1919 Williams, Charles F.
1921 Williams, Floyd G.
1921 Winkelman, Albert T.
1921 Woeste, Joseph H.
1921 Wolfe, John W.
1921 WolfMein, Samuel
1921 Wood, Frank E.
1921 Woodmansee, D. D.
1806 Worthington, William
1921 Zielonka, Saul
CleTeland (Cuyahoga)
1921 Agnew, Celotes J.
1919 Agnew, William
1921 Album, Cary R.
1914 Album, John A.
1921 Allen, Florence B.
1918 Andrews, Horace
1918 Arter, (Carles K.
1916 Bacon, Leon Brooks
1918 Baer, George P.
1916 Bailey, Stephen A.
1914 Baker, Kewton D.
1921 Baldwin, Arthur D.
1916 Baldwin. Wm. Edward
1920 Bardwell, A. E.
1918 Belden, William P.
1921 Bell, Lewis A.
1917 Beraon, Maurice
1918 Bickel, Paul J.
1918 Biggs, C!harles L.
1918 Binyon, E. A.
1918 BisBcll, Cnarence R.
1918 Bloch, Joseph C.
1914 Boyd, W. H.
1916 Boyle, William 0.
1910 Brock, Charles E.
01«v«UBd (Ouyahoga) Obaft'd
1921 Bolkky, Robert J. »
1918 Burrows, (3eo. Humphrey
1918 Baafanell, Edward
1912 Buss, Charles M.
1918 Bynes, William M.
1912 Oalfee, Robert M.
1910 Cannon, Austin V.
1914 Oashman, Wm. T.
1014 diamberUin, John A.
1921 OUurk, Harold T.
1021 01u», Alfred
1918 Oockley, William B.
1918 Cole, (Seorge S.
1899 Cook, K. 8.
1914 Oopeland, Marie A.
1917 Counts, A. Frank
1900 OouM, Howard A
1014 Ckmwford, Harry J.
1010 Orobangh, S. Chester
1017 Ckom, deaveland R.
1918 Crow, Howard M.
1014 Crowell, Robert H.
1017 Curren, Robert O.
1020 Curtis, H. Knox
1918 Daoust, Edward 0.
1018 Davenport, Leroj B.
1014 D^Ti Luther
1018 Day, William L.
1018 De Kaiser, Jacob
1910 Dempsey, Ernest C.
1010 Dempsey, John B.
1016 Denlson, Robert F.
1914 DooUttle, H. J.
1918 Duncan, Tra^ H.
1016 Duncan, miliam M.
1082 Dunlap, lliomas S.
1918 Dunmore, Walter T.
1918 Dustln, Alton O.
1918 Elliott, H. E.
1914 Brarts, Vnnk B.
1918 Fay, Jesw B.
1010 F^eoeik, J. P.
1011 Flory, Walter L.
1918 Fogg, Joseph O.
1918 Fbote, E. A.
1918 Ford, Okrl B.
1918 Ford, S. 8.
1918 Frankel, Frederick
1918 Frankel, Philip
1918 FHend, F. 0.
1807 Oarfleld. J. R.
1022 (Jarileld, John M.
1014 Garry, Thomaa R.
1018 (^entsch, Frank F.
1921 (3oodman, Max P.
1880 Goulder, Harrey D.
1006 Grant, Richard F.
STATE LIST OF HEMBEBS BT GITI
01«v«l«ad (Oiiyah(«a) Coal'd
1921 Oraj, FnBk D.
1918 Green, David Edward
1921 Greene, Thomas E.
1914 Groot, Geo. A.
1919 GroMoian, Marc Justin
1918 OrJRnan, Mary B.
1921 GroMmann, laador
1897 Hadden, |^lez.
1918 Hahn, Ed^ar A.
1914 Halnen, Frank E.
1912 Harris, George B.
1918 Haazhurst, H. A.
1897 Henderson, John M.
1918 Herrick, Myron T.
1921 Hii^^, Charles
1918 Hills, A. T.
1914 Hine, Ohas. P.
1916 Hollidoy, W. T.
1914 Hopkim, William B.
1919 Hostetler, Jos. O.
1899 Rowland. Paul
1918 Hull, John B.
1912 Inffersoll, Alvan F.
1918 Inflis, Richard
1912 Jerome, P. J.
1896 Johnson, Homer H.
1911 Johnson, Thomss L.
1921 Joseph, Emil
1918 Korch. K. W.
1911 Kassulker, Paul G.
1918 Kavsnagh, Francis B.
1921 Keeley, Oeorgre Q.
1916 Kirhy, Thomas M.
1918 Klein. Darid
1921 Kleinman, fl. H.
1918 Knight, Wallace I.
1921 Krueger, Rverette H.
1918 Kojawski, Leon A.
1918 Leahy, John W.
1918 Leckie, Frt^erick L.
1918 Lieghley, P. L. A.
1916 Loeser, Nathan
1914 McKeehan. II. H.
1918 McMorris, W. H.
1921 McNeal, John H..
1918 MacGregor, John, Jr.
1914 Maurer, W. F.
1918 Meisel, Max E.
1919 Merrick, Walter
1918 Moffett, T. J.
1918 Mooney, M. P.
1918 Morgan, Daniel Edgar
1921 Morgan, Gilbert
1918 Morgan, Bobert M.
1914 Morley; J. E.
1918 Molly, John A.
Cl«v«huid (Cinshoga) Con
1914 Newcomb, R. B.
1918 Newell, Sterling
1918 Nicola, Benjamin D.
1918 Niman, Gharles A.
1919 Nye, Walker H.
1918 Ookes, A. Bliss
1918 Oberiin, John F.
1918 O'Neill, WUbert Joha
1922 Palmer, Herbert D.
1918 Pattison, Charle?! W.
1914 Payer, H. F.
1918 Peakind, Solomon
1922 Powell, Albert E.
1897 Quail, Prank A.
1918 Quigley, Eugene
1921 Rawson, L. Q.
1914 Riley, George B.
1914 Rothenberg, Wm.
1918 Royon, Joseph C.
1914 Runcie, James E.
1918 Ssnders, Clarcn<*e E.
1897 Sanders, Wm. B.
1914 Schaefer. Carl W.
1914 Schults, Malvern E.
1922 Scott, Frank C.
1918 Seber, Robert J.
1921 Shaw, David L.
1918 Siddall, George B.
1918 Sidlo, Thomas L.
1912 Smart, John Harrow
1918 Spieth, Lawrence C.
1897 Squire, Andrew
1918 Stanley, Welles K.
1921 Stanton, Edward C.
1917 Stem. Joseph L.
1919 Stewart, W. B.
1914 Sullivan, John J.
1914 Taggart, Jay P.
1921 Thobaben, E. J.
1918 Thompson, Amos Burt
1918 Thompson, J. Paul
1907 Throckmorton, A. H.
1918 Turner. William D.
1921 Van Lill, H. Frank
1917 Vsrga, H. E.
1917 Vickery, Willis
1914 Wschner, C. 8.
1914 Walsh, James F.
1919 Warner, Dorr E.
1918 West, Samuel H.
1912 White, John G.
1918 White, Pierre A.
1918 Wilkin, Wilbur D.
1916 Wtedi, Louis H.
1921 Woods, William B.
980
AHKRIGAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
Oolaabiis (FMnklla) Cont'd
19M Voi7g» Aftlnir I.
lOZL Watnn, B. O.
1921 WcrtteU, Ralph E.
1921 WilUuBfl. Heniy A.
1918 WUaon, John W,
OoMftootml (Coshocton)
1912 Hunt, Charles B.
1921 POmerene, Warner M.
1921 Shepler, Joseph B.
Dajton (Montgomery)
1914 Brown, Oren Britfc
1914 Burkhart, Edward £.
1921 Chambers, Oliver J.
1914 Corwin, Robert O.
1914 Craighsad, Charles A.
1914 Daviflson, Oscar F.
1914 EUiff, Charles W.
1916 Fitigerald, Roy G.
1921 Frank, Alfred Swift
1921 Hall, Charles J.
1921 Harshman, John Burnett
1918 Heald, Charles D.
1921 Holland, George F.
1921 Hollencanap, Henry H.
1918 Holmea, Reuben R,
1921 Iddings, Andrew 8.
1918 Iddings, Daniel W.
1914 James, Lee Warren
1913 Kuhns, Esra M.
1921 Kuhns. Miles a
1921 Kusworm, Sidney G.
1921 Landis, Robert K.
1921 Leen, Arthur E.
1914 McCann. Benjamin F.
1914 McGonnaughey, W. S.
1921 McKee, Rowland H.
1899 McMahon, J. Sprigg
1914 McMahon, John A. • . ■
1921 Margolis, M. K.
1914 Martin, Ulysses S.
1914 Mattera, Conrad J.
1914 Matthews, Edwin P.
1921 Matthews, William M.
1921 Murphy. Barry S.
1913 Nevin, Robert R.
1921 Patterson, Robert C.
1914 Prugh, Harry II.
1921 Sigler, P. N.
1914 Sprigg, Carroll
1922 Stauffer, Heniy G.
1918 Turner, Earl H.
1921 Whalen, Charles W.
1921 Wolfe, Harry M.
1914 Wonnan^ Philip H.
D«ftAiice (DeAanoe)
1914 Harris, Henry B.
Delaware (Delaware)
1922 Jones, Berne
Dover (Tuscarawas)
1914 Femsell, C. C.
1922 Hortetler, H. H.
Eaat Uverpool ((Columbiana)
1921 Davidson, George G.
1921 HiU, .Walter B.
1914 Vodrey, WlUUm H.
Salt Paleatine (Columbiana)
1914 Eyes, Lafayette M.
ElTTia (Lorain)
1918 Conaway, John C.
1921 Stevens, Frank M.
Findlay (Hancock)
1900 Burket, Harlan F.
1914 Hurley. F. E.
Foiioria (Seneca)
1918 Guernsey, C. A.
1921 Witherspoon, Walter M.
Fremont (Sandusky)
1921 Love, David B.
1912 Seager. Frank E.
Gallon (Crawford)
1918 Geer, William J.
Oallipolis (Gallia)
1921 Johnston, Hollis C.
1921 Mauck, Roscoe J.
Georgetown (Brown)
1921 Bagby, Joieph W.
1914 Fite, Rufus L.
1921 Parker, Harry E.
1921 Young, O. E.
OrooBTlIle (Dark<>)
1914 Maher, John F.
Hamilton (Butler)
1912 Andrews, Allen
1921 Andrews, John D.
1921 Belden, Edgar A.
1921 Bickley, U. F.
1921 Fitton, O^s J.
1914 Harlan. Walter S.
Sanlltoa (Butler) Ooiit*d
1921 Hinkel, Frederick A.
1921 Neilan, John F.
1921 SheiAerd, W. C.
1921 Wonnell, Hany 8.
KiokaviUe (dftance)
1912 Simmons, (Seorge D.
Hillshoro*(Highlsnd)
1921 Garrett, George L.
1921 Newby, Gyrus
1910 Scott, Samuel P.
Ironton (Lawrence)
1921 Bibbee. Jed. B.
1914 Johnaon, A. R.
1921 Jones, Daniel C.
I«ajiea«t«r (Fairfield)
1821 Delfenbaugh, James H.
1921 Kim, Edward O.
1922 Martin. Wm. K.
1921 Radclifle, C. A.
1921 Shell, Brooks E.
Lebanon (Warren)
1921 Hamilton, Francis M.
Uma (Allen)
1922 Bentley, H. O.
1911 Cable, Davis J.
1922 Grindle, Harvey David
1914 Halfhill, James W.
1912 Henderson, D. C.
1922 LoagBworth, I. R.
1922 Ludwig, L. E.
1922 McClain, Elmer
1919 MacKende, Ralph P.
1922 Motter, Boijamin 8.
1921 Selfridge, Calvin F.
1922 Welty, B. F.
LilbOB «>)lumbiana)
1908 Billlngaley, N. a
1921 Farrell, (Seorge T.
1921 Moore, W. B.
London (Madison)
1921 Cordray, A. T.
Lorain (Lorain)
1921 Snyder. Custer
Xanafteld (Richland)
1921 Bell, Harry F.
1916 Brucker, Ltfwis
1916 McBride, Curtii B.
STATE LIST OF MBMBEB8 BY CITIS8 AND T0WN8.
981
Ifafltttte (Waihington)
1918 rolktt, Bdwtrd B.
1«13 Midlwirart, O. a
1921 KoU, Robert H.
1918 Smith, A. L.
1921 Sominen, Tbomu J.
Karioa (Lawrence)
1921 Fiaher, Charlea C.
Marlon (Marion)
19S1 Mouser, Grant K.
MftTTiviUe (Union)
1921 Chmeron, RicbarU L.
1921 Looghrer, John L.
1921 Porter, Edward W.
Xedina (Medina)
1917 McOlure, N. H.
Xillertl^iirf (Holmes)
1921 Putnam, Robert B.
Xt. ▼•rnon (Knox)
1921 Aahbaugh, Paul M.
1921 Houck, Lewia B.
Mnpoleon (Henry)
1921 May, (9eorge S.
New Lexiiiffton (Perry)
1921 Price, T. D.
1922 Tague, Paul
1922 Tague, Vincent
1921 Underwood. Mell O.
Hew FhlUdtlpkftft (Tuscara-
was)
1914 Wilkin, Robert N.
New Riohmond (Clermont)
1921 Haussermann, John W.
Vorwalk (Huron)
1914 Craig, G. Ray
1918 Toesell, William J.
Oiborn (Greene)
1918 Rice, Morris D.
Otta^ (Putnam)
1921 lioasure, James P.
Palnefyilld (Lake)
1914 Alvord, George W.
1914 Blakely, Elbert Follett
1918 Nolan, Harry T.
1914 Reynolds, A. O.
OXIO
Faaldlat (PauMing)
1922 Wilcox, Alfred N.
Pom«ro7 (Meigs)
1921 Davis, L. Crary '
1921 Reed, D. Chirtis
Portixnonth (Scioto)
1921 Blairi Albion Z.
1921 Blair, Guy M.
1921 Daehler, Edward J.
1914 Holoomb, A. T.
1921 Johnson, Sherrard M.
1921 Kimble, B. F.
1921 Millan, Edgar G.
1921 Miller, Harry W.
1914 Moulton, Frank W.
1921 Purdum, James* P.
1921 Searl, Clinton M.
1921 Sprague, William R.
1921 Thomas, James S.
XaTonna (Portage)
1921 Beckley, W. J.
1921 Filiatrault, W, W.
St. ObkirtTilla (Belmont)
1898 Kennon, Newell K.
1914 Mitchell, Alfred H.
1918 Thomburg, (3eorge
Salem (Columbiana)
1921 Boone, J. C.
1921 Campbell, Ralph W.
Bandaiky (Erie)
1905 King, Edmund B.
1921 Ramsey, Russell K.
1914 Steinemann, Oea C.
Sidney (Shelby)
1922 Hess, Andrew J.
1912 Mathers, H. T.
Bprlnglleld (CUrk)
1914 Bowman, Border
1918 Bowman, J. Elden
1920 Brenner, Harry A.
1918 Cole, John M.
1921 Corry, Homer C.
1914 Johnson, James G.
1914 Johnston, Flo>-d A.
1918 Keifer, William W.
1918 Link, A. C.
1914 Martin, Paul C.
1921 Raup, George S.
1918 Summers, Augustux N.
1918 Tehan, Georgv W.
■tmibeftTlUe (JeSenon)
1918 Anian, Williau R.
1921 BnklDe, Ennnett E.
1921 Gruber, D. M.
Itl4 Huftob, Joha A.
1918 Lewis, Addison Carr
1918 McClave, Roy Lewis
1914 Miller, Nelson D.
1914 MlUer, W. McD.
•
Tifln (Seneca)
1921 Schn>th, George E.
1921 Spitler, Calvin D.
1914 Watson, James D.
Toledo (Lucas)
1911 Denman, U. G.
199D Eversman, WaHer A.
1919 Gaioes, Frederick W.
1901 (3eddes, Frederick L.
1914 Harris, William H.
1912 Holbrook, Ralph S.
1921 Johnson, Curtis T.
1914 KilUts, John M.
1922 Kirk, George E.
1914 Klots, Solon T.
1918 Lewis, Frank 8.
1918 Lewia, Howsrd
1906 McCarthy, M. B.
1911 Marshall, Edwin J.
1918 Newbegin, Robert
1911 Potter, Emery D.
1917 Ritter, George W.
1920 Seney. (Seorge E.
1918 Teegarden, John C.
1922 Warner, Milo J.
1921 Whitney, Herbert P.
Troy (Miami)
1914 Haines, W. A.
Upper Bandniky (Wyandot)
1921 Close. Charles F.
Vrbana (Champaign) *
1921 Bodcy, E. L.
1918 Deaton, S. S.
1921 Houston, H. W.
1914 Middleton, E. P.
1921 Owen, Thomas B.
Van Wert (Van Wert)
1921 Blachley, Henry W.
1914 Conn, H. L.
1921 Good, Clark
1921 Hoke, Clem V.
1918 Kerns, O. W.
982
AMEBIGAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
WftyakonatA (Auglala)
1921 Andenon, Robert B.
1912 Stueve, Olement A.
Waihiiiftoii 0. H. (Fajette)
1921 Logan, John
1921 Maddox, Tom 8.
1921 Reid/ Charles A.
Wftverly (Pike)
1918 DUl, Lewis O.
WellflTllle (Columbiana)
1921 Lones, W. F.
1918 Smith, P. M.
WMt Union (Adams)
1918 Stephenson, Will P.
Wilminrton (Clinton)
1914 Clevenger, Frank M.
1921 Thorpe, Q. P.
ZoniA (Greene)
1921 Broadstone, M. A.
1921 Darlington, Charles L.
1921 Finney, J. A.
1921 (Jowdy, R. L.
1914 Hartley, M. J.
1914 Howard, William S.
1921 Miller, W. L.
1921 Shoup, Marcus
1921 Smith, Harry D.
1921 Williamson, J. Kenneth
Tonngftown (Mahoning)
1914 Arrel, Geo. F.
1917 Brown, Ensign N.
1808 Clarke, John H.
1921 Conroy, S. S.
1918 De Ford. U. C.
1921 Ford, John W.
1921 Johnson, Theodore E.
1921 Jones, Paul J.
1921 Jones, Richard, Jr.
1914 Koonce, Charles, Jr.
1920 McKain, W. 0.
1921 Moore, E. H.
1914 Ohl, Guy T.
ZaneiTille (Muskingum)
1921 Croflsan, Tom O.
1922 Frader, Florien F.
1918 Meyer, Edward R.
OHIO— OSLAKOXA
OXLASOXA
Ada (Pontotoc)
1920 Epperson, B. H.
1921 Green, C. F.
1920 Jones, E. N.
1921 McKeel, J. F.
1918 McKeown, Tom D.
1920 Wadlington, Anthony W.
Alva (Woods)
1918 Noah, H. A.
1916 Sutton, A. G.
Ardmore (Carter)
1918
Brown, H. H.
1921
Brown, Russell B.
1921
CHiampion, Thomas W
1920
Coakley, Charles A.
1921
Cruce, W. E.
1921
Cruce, W. I.
1921
Eddleroan, A.
1921
George, S. A.
1921
Hardy, A. J.
1920
Hefner, R. A.
1914
Ledbetter, H. A.
1921
Moore, J. B.
1916
Potter, W. D.
1920
Slough, E. B.
1921
Sneed, R. R.
1921
West, A. T.
1921
WilUams, J. E.
Atoka (Atoka)
1902 Ralls, Joseph G.
BartleiTille (Washington)
1911 Rowland, Lloyd A.
Briitow (Oeek)
1921 Lanx, J. Frank
Chandler (Lincoln)
1921 Feuquay, C. M.
1921 Foster,' B. A.
Cheootab (Mcintosh)
1921 Freeman, Charles R.
Oharokae (AUalfa)
1921 Hill, Ira A.
1917 Titus, A. J.
Ohiokaiha (Grady)
1916 Bailey, Frank M.
1916 Barefoot, B. B.
1918 Bond, Reford
1911 Oarmichael, J. D.
Cliiokaaha (Gndr) OMtt'd
1914 Hammerly, Hany
1914 Melton, Adrian
1916 Melton, Alger
OordaU (Wadiita)
1919 Duff, J. A.
1920 Massingale, S. 0.
Duaoan (Stephens)
1917 Sandlin, Joel M.
1914 Womack, G. F.
Dorant (Bryan)
1922 McPherren, Charies K.
XldMado (Jackson)
1914 Austin, W. C.
Zl Reno (Canadian)
1918 Blake, C. O.
1920 Fogg, H. L.
Bald (Oarfleld)
1916 Oorran, John P.
1020 Oarber, M. C.
1920 Harmon, Charles N.
1920 Kruse, Carl
1921 McKeever, H. O.
1921 McKnight, Louie E.
1921 Moore, W. L.
1920 Simons, P. C.
Bnfanla (Mcintosh)
1921 Nichols, Clark
Fradarlok (Tillman)
1921 Roe, W. G.
Grova (Delawsre)
1916 Coppedge, A. V.
Outlirla (Logan)
1904 Blerer, A. G. Curtin
1914 Cotte^l, John H.
1921 Green, Fred W.
1920 Rcmy, John A.
1018 Smith, Charles 0.
Habart (Kiowa)
1921 Martin, Geocge W.
RaUla (HannoD)
1921 Cos, Boa
STATE LIST OF MEMBERS BY CIT
Hnr^ (ChocUw)
1921 Carter, Luther
im Dlckion, J. L.
1920- Jonei, Calvin
1919 McDonald, A. A.
Idabel (McCurlaio)
1921 McPheraon, William L.
LillKtn f Ransom)
1921 Adams, Sidney D.
1921 Kvello, Alfred M.
XoAleiter (Pittsburg)
1918 Gordon, Jamea H.
1922 Keith, I. P.
1918 Wright. Allen
MAngmn (Oreer)
1920 Edwards, H. H.
1920 Henry, H. D.
MUmi (OtUwa)
1920 Barry, Norman C.
1919 McNauglitoB, Ray
1919 Horsey, Clyde
1919 Thompson, A. Scott
Xnldrow (Sequoyah)
1920 Watto, Tbomss J.
Miiikorea (MvikAfd'e)
1920 Armbrister, C. A.
1920 Bohannon, Earl
1920 Bonds, Archibald
1920 Brainerd, Ezra, Jr.
1920 Broaddus, Bower
1920 Brooke, Eck E.
1920 Campbell, J. B.
1911 Furry, J. B.
1020 Gibson, N. A.
1920 OotnaU, Charles P.
1920 Green, Maurice D.
1920 Hull, Joseph L.
1920 Jones, Edward R.
1920 Leahy, Thomas W.
1920 Lee, Frank
1920 Leekley, Harlow A.
1920 Martin, Villard
1920 Miller, George, Jr.
1920 Moon, Charles A.
1906 Hosier, John H.
1910 Ramsey, George S.
1920 Reynolds, Morniaa E.
1920 Roach, L. J.
1914 Rosser, Halcolm E.
1920 Smith, Howard L.
OKLAHOMA
MntkoffM (Muskogee)
Cont'd
1918 Stone, Joseph C.
1920 Williams, Paul C.
1002 Williams, R. L.
Vewklrk (Kay)
1916 Sullivan, Sam. K.
VoniMUi (Cleveland) !
1918 Cheadle, J. B.
1914 Kulp, Victor H.
Oakei (Dickey)
1921 Guy, Arthur P.
OkoauOi (Okfuskee)
1912 Patterson, John B.
1919 Wren, Thomas H.
OkUboma City (Oklahomt
1904 Ames, (Jharles B.
1014 Armstrong, James R.
1920 Black, OUver C. .
1920 Blinn, Clarence J.
1918 Brewer, Phil. D.
1916 Brigga, William A.
1922 Burford, John II.
1918 Calhoun, Samuel A.
1920 Cargill, O. A.
1920 Ouce, M. K.
1920 Day, Jean P.
1918 Dudley, J. B.
1918 Embry, John
1920 Estes, Joel S.
1913 Everest, J. H.
1911 Galbraith, Clinton A.
1918 Green. Geo. M.
1907 Harris, S. U.
1920 Harris, Samuel Lowe
191$ Hayes, S. W.
1919 Hough, A. Carey
1916 Howell. Edward
1922 Ingraham, James A.
1918 Johnson. Charles E.
1904 Kane. Matthew J.
1907 Keaton, J. R.
1912 Kleinschmidt, R. A.
1920 Looney, M. A.
1918 Lybrand, Walter A.
1916 ycAdams, E. G.
1920 McCaelland. Bruce. Jr
1918 Mclnnls, E. E.
1919 Maupin, Robert W.
1918 Meister, M. G.
1920 Hiley, John H.
1914 Hoore, Charles L.
984
AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION.
Pftwlmika (Osage) Cont'd
1921 Murphey, A. N.
1021 Sands, A. S.
1919 Scott, E. F.
1919 Stuart, Robert
1921 Vauffhan, W. W.
1920 White, H. P.
1920 Widdowi, A. M.
1921 Wilson, Charles B., Jr.
Pawii«« (Pawnee)
1916 Orton, L. V.
Pemr (Noble)
1921 Cress,- P. W.
1921 Johnston, Henry &
Potean (Le Flore)
1918 Vamer, T. T.
Prague (Lincoln)
1980 Wella, W. E.
Puroell (McClain)
1921 Madison, W. C.
Bapulpa (Creek)
1020 Allen, Sam T.
1919 Davenport, C. J.
1921 EOingbauaen, Edwin A.
1919 Fraaier, J. V.
1921 Hughes, Ernest B.
1920 Keenan, Robert B.
1911 McDougal, D. A.
1919 Odell, William H.
1920 Pryor, W. V.
1918 Robertson, R. K.
1919 Thrift, James Early
1919 Wright, Lncian B.
Bbftwnee (Pottawatomie)
1916 Abernathy, George C.
1920 Arrington, Roacoe C.
1918 Cooper, Paul F.
1921 Dierker, Charles E.
1920 Ennis, G. H.
1920 Lydick, J. D.
1020 Reasor, E. D.
1920 Stanard, G. C.
1920 Wells, Charles E.
Stillwater (Payne)
1920 Hickam, John P.
1»22 Moore, Raymond U.
OSLAHOXA'^-ORSOOV
Talfa (Tulsa)
1920 Aby, H. P.
1912 Blair, Robert F.
19S0 Beorstin, Samuel A.
1920 Bostick, Charles R.
1919 Breckinridge, M. A.
1918 Brennan, John H.
1920 Brown, George T.
1920 Brown, Tracy D.
1919 Bush, Charles E.
1919 Campbell, Harry
1916 Chase, W. A.
1920 Conner, Benjamin C.
1920 Daniel, Lee
1918 De Meules, Edgar A.
1920 Dewberry, Joe T.
1920 Hagan, Horace U.
1917 Hardy, Summers
1920 Hunt, Albert C.
1919 Kellough, R. W.
1920 Lewis, S. R.
1920 Lundy, E. J.
1916 McClarin, William H.
1911 Mason, Herbert D.
1919 Mieher, V. C.
1920 Molony, Alvin F.
1920 Moore, Grey
1920 Oiler, Fred D.
1920 Reeves. George E.
1920 Rogers, Remlng:nn
1919 Sherman, Roger S.
1920 Sipe, William A., Jr.
1916 Smith, R. A.
1916 Spradling, Marvin C.
1920 Tucker, William F.
1911 Veaaey, James A.
1922 West, Charles
1908 West, Preston C.
ViBlU (Craig)
1904 Davenport, James S.
1918 Frear, Theodore Du Bois
1904 Komegay, W. H.
Welllton (Lincoln)
1921 Erwin, W. C.
Wewoka (Seminole)
1921 Cobb, Florence Etberidge
1021 Cobb, James H.
1021 Cutlip, C. Guy
1021 Davis, B. F.
1021 Horsley, Thomas J.
1013 Roberta, Richard J.
1021 Simpson, J. E.
1021 Willraott, John W.
1021 Wolfe, G. Dale
WlllrarteB (Latimer)
1918 Jones, Philoa 8.
1921 Lester, Eugene F.
Woodward (Woodward)
1920 Alexander, (Tharlea R»
1920 Wybrandt, O. C.
OBXOOV
Albany (Linn)
1018 Hill, Gale S.
1919 Rialey, WUliaro S.
1920 Weatberford, J. K.
Aahland (Jackson)
1922 Briggs, E. D.
1922 Briggs, William M.
1922 Dickey, Nellie
Aeterla (Clatsop)
1920 Anderson, Olof
1921 Barrett, Jasper J,
1918 Norblad, A. W.
Bakar (Baker)
1916 .\nderson, Gustar
1920 Hallock, Blaine
1914 Heilner, Joseph J.
1980 Nichols, James H.
1922 Smith, A. A.
CoBdoB (Oilliam)
1922 Weinke, T. A.
OorvalUa (Benton)
1916 Clarke, Arthur
1922 Lewis, Jay L.
1922 Wilson, B. B.
1922 Yates, J. F.
Dallas (Polk)
1922 Belt, Harry Uackleman
1906 Hayter, Oocar
1921 Piaaecki, E. K.
Elfla (Union)
1922 Denham, Lewis
Euffeae (Lane)
1920 Bryaon, E. R.
1922 Hale, WiUiam G.
1916 Hardy, Charles A.
1922 Immel, £. O.
1920 Skipworth, Geonge FTaak
1922 Smith, Fred E.
1920 Smith, Richard Shore
1922 Warner, Sam Baai
8TATB LIST OP HEMBEB8 BT OITIBI
1900 BuftiKton* Collier H.
Onati Tmi (Joflephiae)
lOtt Ohlnnocky Junes T.
XUsMkiii f»lli (Klanath)
1981 DuDoeii, W. M .
La Orande (Union)
1922 Crawford, T. H.
1922 Eberhard, Colon R.
1922 Finn« C. B.
, XoMlnnvina (Tamhill)
1921 "Tooce, Walter L.
1921 Vinton, W. T.
XarahiHeld (Coos)
1920 Bennett, T. T.
Xedford (Jackw>n)
1922 Neff, Porter J.
1920 Reamea, Alfred Evan
1922 Roberta, O. M.
Hewb«rr (Yamhill)
1922 Butt, Clarence
Ongon Oitj (Clackamaa)
1922 Hammond, William
1922 Hedges, Joseph K.
Fandleton (Umatilla)
1918 carter, Charles H.
Portland (Multnomah)
1918 Allen, Harrison
1922 Aaher, Abraham
1922 Atkins, Joseph L.
1920 Bailey, J. O.
1914 Bean, Robert S.
1918 Beekman, Benj. B.
1021 Bell, Chriss A.
1922 Bematein, Alex.
1021 Bischoir, S. J.
1921 Bracell, Edward J.
mi Brigtol, William C.
1920 Anooaugh, Earl C.
1910 Burnett, Coy
1920 Cake, W. M.
1892 Carey, Charles H.
1922 Christensen, C. D.
1911 Clark, Alfred E.
1921 Olii^, Malcolm H.
1916 Coan, Ralph M.
omsooH
Partland (Muhnomab)
Cont'd
1920 Cochran, Charles E.
1921 Cole, Bartlett
1919 Cookiagham, Presobtt W,
1919 Dey, Ben C.
1921 Dobson, Alfred P.
lOlS Emmoos, Arthur Q. |
1920 Brana, Walter H.
1916 Fitzgerald, J. J.
1990 Flegel, A. F.
1921 Freed, Edgar
1906 Oearin, John M.
1921 Qeaiy, Arthur M.
1908 Geialer, T. J.
1922 Gilbert, Clarence H.
1914 Gilbert, William B.
1919 Qleason, Walter Burrell
1921 Goldstein, Baniett H.
1918 Griffith, Franklin T.
1990 Grigsby, Fenton Earl
1921 Guthrie, George B.
1914 Hampaon, Alfred A.
1021 Hannon, John P.
1921 Hardy, Ernest W.
1914 Hart, Charlea A.
1922 Henderaon, Wilbur
1922 Hindman, Charlea C.
1921 Hodges, Charles U.
1901 Holman, Frederick V.
1020 Humphreya, Lester W.
1916 Hunt, Isaac D.
1916 Husted. Glenn £.
1921 Idleman, Cicero M.
1915 Johnson, William A.
1921 Joseph, George W.
1922 Keller, W. G.
1921 Kelley, J. H.
1906 Kerr, Jamea B.
1922 Korell, Franklin F.
1920 Laing, John A.
1906 La Roche, W. P.
1922 Layman, F. B.
1921 Little, Carl M.
1921 Lonergan, Frank J.
1912 McCamant, Wallace
1922 McCarthy, Lo>iil H.
1918 McCourt, John
1921 McCue, John C.
1920 McCulloch, William C.
1919 MacVeagh, Rogers
1922 Malorkey, Dan J.
1922 MatthiesBen, Mark M.
1921 Meacham, M. B.
1906 MonUgue, Richard W.
1921 Montgomery, Hugh
1922 Moaer, Qua C.
1916 Moulton, Arthur I,
STATE LIST Of H1SHBSBS BT CITISfl
(Brie)
1918 Brooks, John B.
1914 OuioU, W. S.
1921 Bncliah, Oharlci U.
1918 FJih, Henry E.
1918 Sawdey, Dnrid A.
1922 Seabiook, Wilbur R.
1914 Walling. Emorj A.
FniBkUB (Venango)
1921 Oarmichael, J. S. '
1913 Hastings, Q, D.
1922 Jobson, Alexander B.
Oettysbnrff (Adams)
1918 Keith, John D.
1914 McPhemo;), Donald P.
Oreensbnrg (Westmoreland)
1914 Gaither. Paul H.
1914 Head. John B.
1912 Kunklc, John E.
1922 Borber, Samuel R,
OreenvlUa (Mercer)
1918 Pettit, W. C.
OroT<s Oitj (Mercer)
1980 McBride. Milford L.
Karrisburg (Dauphin)
1918 Ainey, Wm. D. B.
1911 Bailey, Charles L., Jr.
1914 Brady, John T.
1914 Cunningham, J. E. B.
1914 Fox, John E.
1000 Hargest, William M.
1914 Stamm, A. C.
1907 Stroh, (Tharles 0.
1022 Wickersham, Frank B.
Haverford (Montgomery)
1918 Measey, William Maul
Kawiey (Wayne)
1918 Decker, Victor A.
R«nh«y (Dauphin)
1018 Snyder, John E.
Hellldaysbarg (Blair)
1018 Baldrige, Thomas J.
1014 Patterson, George G.
1018 Patterson, Marion D.
1016 Woodcock, W. I.
FSmrBTIiTAVIA
KoBMdAle (W^yne)
1018 McCarty, O. A.
1918 Searle, Alonao T.
HomtidkU (dearteld)
1918 McGrath, John B.
Huntiagdoa (Huntingdon)
1918 Ohtoolm, Wm. Wallace
1918 Dorris, John D.
1912 Orlady, Geo. B.
1928 Simpson,' J. Randolph
XadiAaa (Indiana)
1914 Fisher, John 8.
joluutown (Ciambria)
1018 Bamhart, Frank P.
1920 Button, Donald E.
1918 Endsley, H. 8.
1918 Foster, George A.
1917 Rhue. L. Verde
1919 Sherbine, Alvin
1916 Wolfe, George E.
JCane (McKean)
1918 MuIIin, J. E.
1918
KnozvlUa (Tioga)
Ashton, Chester H.
iMnamttm (Lancaster)
1918 Appel, William Kevin
1918 Baker, Charles G.
1805 Brown, J. Hay
1917 Davis, Benjamin F.
1922 Frants, J. Andrew
1918 Keller, Wm. H.
1901 Landis, Chas. I.
1918 Nauman, John A.
1913 Smith, Eugene G.
1917 Windolph, F. Lyman
1912 Zimmerman, 8. R.
LebaaoB (Lebanon)
1918 Henry, C. V.
1914 Meyer, Samuel T.
Lewlsbnrgb (Union)
1916 Leiser, Andrew A., Jr.
1918 Linn, PhiUp B.
1914 Steininger, Oloyd
LewisiOB (Mifflin)
1914 Culbertson, Horace J.
XcKeesport (Allegheny)
1914 Newlin, William B.
1^88
AMfi&ICAN BAB A880CUTI0N.
tforrlstowii (Montgomery)
1913 Dannehower, Wm. 9.
1918 Evans, Montgomery
1918 Pox, Henry I.
1918 Hallman, E. L.
1914 Unelere, Nicholas H.
1914 Miller, John Paber
1918 Solly. William F.
FhiUdalphift (Philadelphia) .
1906 Abbott, Edwin M.
1914 AdauM, John S.
1918 Adler, Francis O.
1909 Alexander, Benjsmin
1902 Alexander, Laden Hugh
19U Amram, David Werner
1907 Anderson, Wm. Y. C.
1918 Arnold, Arthur S.
1908 Barnes, John Hampton
1914 Barratt, NorrU S.
1910 Bartilucci, Joseph P.
1918 Bauerle, Albert T.
1896 Bayard, James Wilson
1901 Bedford, J. Claude
1892 Beeber, Dimner
1918 Beitler, Abraham M.
1912 Beitler, Harold B.
1908 Bell, John G.
1918 Bergen, Martin V.
1916 Beury, Oharles E.
1907 Biddle, Charles
1918 BockiuB, Morris R.
1916 Bodine, W. B., Jr.
1906 Bohlen, Francis H.
1918 Bonsall, Edward H.
1914 Bomeman, Henry S.
1914 Bowker, George C.
1914 Bowman, W. P.
1011 Bracken, Francis B.
1918 Breitinger, F. L.
1918 Breitinger, J. Louis
1912 Brice, Philip H.
1912 Bright, Robert S.
1917 Brinton, Sbarswood
1890 Brown, Francis Shunk
1918 Brown, Henry P.
1894 Brown, John A.
1918 Brown, Reynolds D.
1918 Brown, William Alex-
ander
1918 Brown, Wm. Findlay
1908 Bullitt, Joshua Fry
1914 Bunting, Joseph T.
1921 Burch, Francis F.
1922 Burnett, William H.
1908 Oadwalader, John
1912 Cadwalader, John, Jr.
1918 (^ntreU, Francis 8., Jr.
FSmSYLTAJffZA
FhiUd«l9kU (Philadelphia)
0)Bt'd
1912 (3arr, Cteo. Wentworth
1890 CterKm, Haaiptoii L.
1914 CSanon, Joseph
19141 Ciatharine, Joseph W.
1806 Ohambers, Francis T.
1918 GSiapman, Francis
1908 dhapman, S. Spencer
1920 Childi, Randolph W.
1918 Clark, FredMc L.
1918 OlMTk, Joaeph S.
1918 dement, Sassuel M., Jr.
1913 Cody, Frank M.
1921 Coles, George W.
1916 Oonlen, William J.
1916 Connor, William T.
1916 CooUy, WUliam John
1911 Cooper, Samuel W.
1922 Crawford, Winiield W.
1913 Cronin, Charles I.
1914 Crowley, Jere J.
1896 Cuyler, Thos. De Witt
1921 DaCosta, Charles F.
1918 Daix, Augustus F., Jr.
1918 Daly, James Martin
1918 Davis, William A.
1918 Davis, Wm. Potter, Jr.
1916 Deeter, Paxson
1918 Dick, Lewis R.
1918 Dickey, John, Jr.
1918 Dickinson, O. B.
1916 Dickson, Arthur G.
1918 Dohan, James M.
1918 Donahue, Frank Rogers
1919 Douglas* Walter C, Jr.
1918 Downing, Charles H.
1918 Doyle, Michael Francis
1913 Drinker, Henry &., Jr.
1896 Duane. Russell
1918 ^ton, Arthur B.
1911 Edmonds, Franklin S.
1918 Edwards, Geo. J., Jr.
1918 Eichholz, Adolph
1918 Embery, Joseph R.
1918 Englander, Samuel
1922 Ervin, Spencer
1918 Evans, John Lewis
1918 Fahy, Thomas A.
1918 Fahy, Walter T.
1914 Faught, Albert Smith
1918 Feldman, Samuel
1916 Felix, Harry
1914 Fenstermaker, Thomas A.
1894 Fenton, Hector T.
1918 Ferguson, Wm. B. S.
1921 Finletter, Thomas D.
1918 Fisher, George H.
PbUaddlpkU (PhlkKlclphia)
Confd
1887 Fiafaer, Wm. Rigbter
1906 Flaherty, James A.
1918 Foil, Leon H.
1918 Pols, Stanley
1806 Foster, Charles B.
1918 Fries, Henry K.
1917 Gadsden, PhiUp H.
1918 Gallager, Franots O.
1918 Gatsi, Jay
1904 Gates, Itiomas 8.
1918 Geiger, Frederick J.
1913 Oeraghty, Michael J.
1908 Geat, John Marshall
1913 Gilkyaon, T. Walter
1918 Gill, Harry B.
1808 Glasgow, Wm. A, Jr.
1918 Gordon, James Gay
1903 Graham, (3eorge S.
1918 Granger, Perdval H.
1914 Gray, Wflliam A.
1806 Griffith, Wsrren G.
1918 Gross, Joseph
1914 Gumbes, Francis Macomb
1917 Gummey, Charles F.
1921 Hagan, Robert E.
1918 Halg, Alfred R.
1921 Hanby, Albert T.
1918 Harkitts, George W.. Jr.
1918 Harris, Bernard
1920 Hart, Geoivc
1918 Hatfield, Henry R.
1918 Heebner, Charles
1913 Heiligman, Otto R.
1928 Heine, H. Eugene
1914 Heiserman. C. B.
1922 Hemphill, John Mickle
1910 Henderson, George
1918 Henderson, Joseph W.
1916 Henderson, Samuel J.
1913 Hepburn, C. J.
1914 Herzberg, Max
1904 Hewitt, Luther R.
1918 Ribbeiti, D. P.
1914 Hinckley, John C.
1918 Hocfastadter, Harry C.
1918 Hoefler, Henry A.
1918 Hood, James E.
1916 Hopkinson, Edward, Jr.
1894 Howion, Charles
1918 HowBon, CSiarles H.
1914 Huey, Arthur B.
1921 Hulburd, David Wendell
1016 nioway, Bernard A.
1918 Jackson, Arthur E. I.
1918 Jenkins, Tlieodore P.
1918 Johnson, Howard Oooper
STATE UST OF M£MiiSB8 BY CIT|
n
PhUad«lpUa (PiiUwl«lp)iiii)
Cont'd
1012 Jonei, Ju. OoIUm
1908 Kane, Frandfi Firtier
1918 Kee47, Bdwia R.
1914 Keene, George Frederick
1918 Kendri<A, Murdoch
1918 Knaus, Frederick J.
1916 Lftdner, Albert H., Jr.
1916 Ladner, QroTer O.
1914 Laak, Edgar W.
1920 Lechner, Harvey L.
1914 Levi, Juliua O.
1900 Lewia, Franca O.
1916 Lewis, Howard BentoD
1908 JLewiB, John Frederick
1917 Lewia, Shippen
1896 Lewis, Wm. Draper
1909 Linn, William B.
1918 Littleton, Wm. G.^
1906 Lloyd, Malcolm, Jr.
1918 Lloyd, WilUam H.
1918 Loeb, Clarence
1914 Logue, J. Washington
1918 Longstreth, Mayne R.
1918 Louchbeim, Samuel K.
1918 Loughlin, John K.
1918 Ludlow, Benjamin H..
1914 McAdams, Francis M.
1918 McCartby, Henry A.
1921 McCaughey, H. M.
1918 McCoUin, Edward G.
1911 McCkHich, H. Gordon
1914 McGullen, Joseph P.
1912 McDevitt, John J., Jr.
1928 McKaig, Edgar S.
1918 McKeehan, Charles L.
1918 McManus, M. T.
1921 McMichael, Charles B.
1916 McMullan, James
1914 MacFarland, Leo
1914 Mandel, David, Jr.
1889 Martin, J. Willis
1914 Marye, Robert V.
1912 Mason, William Clarke
1914 Mayer, Clinton O.
1918 Mead, Glenn C.
1918 Meagher, Thomas James
1918 Meigs, WillUm M.
1918 Melcher, Webster A.
1918 Mellors, Joseph
1918 Merchant, Edward
1918 Mesirov, Harry S.
1916 Middleton, Allen C.
1908 MikeU, William E.
1917 Miller, Arthur Hagen
1918 Miller, E. Augustus
1887 Miller, E. Spencer
vnmnYAviA
Pblladflphi* (PbUadelpU
Cont'd
1914 MUler, J. Albert
1916 Miller, PhiUppus W.
1922 BCirkil, Haselton
1918 MirkU, L Haaleton
1918 Moise. Albert L.
1918 Monaghan, John
1914 Montgomery, W. W., J|
1918 Montgomeiy, Wm. M«
gan
1918 Moore, Alfred |
1918 Morgan, C. E., 8d
1889 Morgan, Randal
1918 Morris, Effingham B.
1914 Morris, W. Norman
1918 Mowiti, Amo P.
1909 NeOson, William D.
1916 Newbourg, Frederick 0.|
Jr.
1897 Nichols, H. 8. Prenti>«
1918 Norris, G. Heide
1916 Norria, Thomas J.
1916 O'Connell, Bernard J.
1919 Oliver, L. Stauffer
1908 Page, Howard W.
1896 Patterson, George S.
1918 Patteraon, John M.
1884 Patterson, T. Elliott
1918 Patton, J. Lee
1919 Paul, Heniy N.
1918 Paul, J. Rodman
1912 Pennypacker, Bevan A.
1894 Pepper, George W.
1918 PhUlips, David
1920 Pitcaim, Raymond
1918 Podolin, Emil L.
1916 Porter, W. Hobart
1918 Powell. Humbert B.
1918 Pusey, Fred Taj- lor
1916 Rambo, Onnond
1878 Rawle, Francis
19K Raymond, Eugene
1918 Rearick, Bertram D.
1918 Reber, J. Howard
1912 ReiUy, Paul
1918 Remak, Gustavus, Jr.
1921 Rettew, J. Barton
1918 Reynolds, John
1918 Rich, George P.
1911 Richardson, E. SUnley
1918 Ridgway, Thomas
1918 Ritter, A. Howard
1912 Roberts, C. Wilson
1909 Roberts, Owen J.
1918 Rodman, Walter C.
1921 Roeenbaum, Samuel
1914 Roaenberger, Emil
990
AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION.
PhiUdalpliiA (Philadelphia)
Cont'd
1911 Vale, Ruby R.
1011 Van Duaen, Lewis H.
1«17 Van Horn, Oharlea F.
1906 VitI, Marcel A.
1901 Von UoKhzisker, Robert
1918 Walker, George B.
1912 Wallerstcin. David
1921 Warner, Frank H.
1902 Waters, Asa Wilson
(Cambridge, Mass.)
1896 Weaver, John
1913 Weill, A. S.
1906. Weimer, Albe^ B.
1918 Wesley, (Tharles S.
1907 Wetherill, J. Lawrence
1914 White, Thomas Raebum
1918 Wiler, Alfred D.
1918 Willard, Walter
1918 Williams, Ellis D.
1902 Williams, Ira Jewell
1916 Williams, Parker S.
1918 Williams, Thomas S.
1913 Wilson, Joseph R.
1907 Wintersteen, Abram H.
1912 Wolf, Morris
1906 Woodruff, Clinton Rogers
PhoenizTille (Chester)
1914 Gilkyson, H. H.
1918 Haviland, John, Jr.
Pittsbnrffh (Allegheny)
1914 Acheson, M. W., Jr.
1921 Adair, Watson B.
1917 Adams, Homer
1917 Alter, George E.
1922. Backus, Richard C.
1916 Bane, John C.
1921 Barton, Lowrie C.
1914 Batts, Robert L.
1919 Bell, Edgar P.
1916 Benner, Thomas M.
1914 Blaxter, H. V.
1919 Bostwick, R. O.
1921 Brady, Jas. L.
1921 Brecden, Waldo P.
1914 Brennen, W. J.
1916 Brown, John D.
1914 Brown, Thomas Stephen
1919 Buchanan, John G.
1914 Burgwin, A. P.
1914 Burgwin, George C.
1921 Burgwin, Hill
1914 Calvert, George H.
1921 Campbell, CHyde William
1914 Campbell, George J.
PEVKBTLTAHIA
Pittibnrffh (Allegheny)
Cont'd
1921 Oancelllere, Peter M.
1918 Carpenter, J. HcF.
1916 Carr, James O.
1914 GhalJBuit, John W.
1921 Christy, James Smith
1921 Coyle, James P.
1918 Crane, Judaon A.
1921 Cnrry, Grant
1914 Dahlinger, Charles W.
1914 Dalzell, William S.
1921 Dannals, Pier
1922 Daugherty, Nerval R.
1919 Davis, Allan
1919 Denny, Harmar D., Jr.
1921 Donaldson, Matthew J.
1921 Doty, William S.
1914 Eichenauer, John B.
1916 England, Miles H.
1921 English, John N.
mi Errett, Wm. R.
1914 Fisher, Ctordon
1911 Flowers, George W.
1914 Ford, Thomas J.
1921 Forsyth, Andrew W.
1918 Fraaer, John G.
1914 Frawr, Robert 8.
1919 Freeman, John Miller
1921 George, Austin L.
1914 Gilflllan, Alex.
1914 Gillespie, Charles D.
1914 Gordon, George B.
1921 Graham, Robert F.
1905 Gray, James C.
1921 Grubbs, Wm. Clyde
1914 Guthrie, Walter J.
1896 Hall, William M.
1921 Harrison, Brace
1913 Hartman, Galen 0.
1921 Haverty, John M.
1914 Hawkins, Richard H.
1921 Hclner, William Graham
1920 Hirsch, Albert C.
1921 Houlden, Robert T.
1915 Houston, James Garfield
1921 Howell, George D.
1914 Imbrie, A. M.
1921 IngersoU, Frank B.
1912 Irwin, Ernest C.
1918 Isaacs, Nathan
1919 Jones, Charles Alvin
1921 Kambach, George J.
1921 Kaplan, Frank R. S.
1921 Kaufman, Wm.
1921 Knox, Wm. F.
1920 Lindsay, Alexander P.
1920 Little, Norval W.
Plttilnirrlk (AUegheBy)
Confd
1908 Lyon, Walter
1921 McCallister, Edgar W.
1921 McOalnont, John E.
1911 McGli^, Saroael
1896 McClung, Wm. H.
1918 McOormick, Samuel B.
1921 McGinia, Bernard B.
1918 McGirr, Frank C.
1021 McKenna, Charles F.
1921 McKinl^, Harry S.
1914 MacRum, W.
1919 Marsh, James Ingraham
1922 Martin, Richard W.
1920 Mayhugh. Jowph F.
1021 Mehard, Churchill B.
1921 Mercer, R. Fred
1921 Meyer, (}eorge Y.
1921 Meyer, John D.
1922 Meyer, Oscar Q.
1017 Miller, Frederic W.
1016 Miller, James R.
1919 Moorhead, William S.
1921 Morgan, Albert T.
1916 Morris, Alvin A.
1914 Orr, Charles P.
1914 Oabum, Frank O.
1806 Patterson, Thomas
1921 Pettes, Benjamin H.
1908 Porter, William D.
1921 Powell, Walter O.
1920 Redden, J. M.
1911 Reed, David Aiken
1911 Reed, James H.
1007 Reid, Ambroee B.
1014 Roberta, George L.
1021 Robertson, S. S.
1010 Robinson, William M.
1921 Rose, Don
1919 Scott, William R.
1921 Scully, Arthur ML
1914 Scully, 'Cornelius D.
1921 Secrist, William B.
1921 Seifert, Wm. A.
1012 Seneir, E. H.
1021 Shaffer, George Julian
1012 Shapira, Samuel S.
1011 Shaw, George E.
1015 Sherriff, John C.
1806 Shields, James M.
1878 Shiras, George, Jr.
1014 Slack, John C.
1017 Small. Edward J.
1010 Smith, Edwin W.
lyiT Smith, William Wataon
1014 SUdtfeld, Jowph
1012 Stambaugli, Uury F.
STATE LIST OF MBMBBRS BY CITI]
Pittibntll (AUegheny)
Oont'd
1822 Stein, Abraham 0.
1916 Stensel, George H.
1901 Sterrett, Jamee R.
1912 Sutton, Bobert Woods
1906 Swearinffen, J. M.
1916 Tait. Edgar W.
1918 Tait, Edwin E.
1921 Teall, Maynard O.
1921 Tener, Alexander 0.
1906 * Thompson, A. M.
1921 Tllomaon, W. H. S.
1914 Thorp, Charles H.
1921 Thorpe, Francis Newton
1914 Trent, Edmund K.
1916 Waaaell, Harry B.
1916 Watts, Sidney J.
190S Way, William A.
1896 Weil, A. Leo
1920 Weil, George
1919 Weitzel, Albert P.
1911 Wendt, John 8.
1012 Williams, D. P.
1022 Wise, William F.
1021 Wolf, Francis A.
1010 Wright, Gifford K.
1022 Wright, J. Merrill
PottatowD (Chester)
1918 Young, William P.
PottiTllle (Schuylkill)
1014 Berger, Charles E.
1016 Clemens, John W.
1016 Farquhar, Otto E.
1016 Saercher, Daniel W.
1019 Koch, Eo^coe R.
1W8 Moyer. J. W.
1018 Roads, George M.
1018 Whalen, John F.
Fnnxintawney (Jefferson)
1918 Adams, W. B.
1918 Calderwood, John E.
1921 Mitchell, Lex N.
1922 Morris, Walter B.
JtMdlaf (Berks)
1918 Derr, Qynia G.
1909 Bndlich, Guatar A.
1916 Fisher, J. Wilmer
1918 Jonas, Geo. M.
1890 Jones, Richmond L.
1918 Kantner, H. F. ,
1918 Keppehnaa, John A.
1918 Mengd, Balph H.
BMdlBff (Berk!) OontM
1006 Buhl, Christian H.
1914 Sbomo, William A.
1014 Stevens. William K.
BeynoldiTllld (Jefferson)
1013 Dayia, M. M.
1014 McCreight, Smith M.
1017 McDonald, G. M.
St. ICaryi (Elk)
1018 Driscoll, D. J.
Serantott (Lackawanna)
1919 Bedford, C. Reynolds
1919 Bell, James F.
1912 Burr, James E.
1018 Comegys, Cornelius
1920 Connolly, Henry J.
1918 Edwards, H. M.
1912 Fitxgerald, Wm. J.
1913 Harria, John M.
1019 Harris, Reese U.
1916 Hill. Walter L.
1922 Houck, W. L.
1914 Kelly, John P.
1918 Knapp, Henry Aloniso
1918 Leach, WiU
1918 Little, Charles B.
1018 Martin, M. J.
1919 Maxey, George W.
1018 Nobl^ Edward T.
1806 Patterson, Roewell H.
1018 Price, Samuel B.
1918 Bymer, Ralph W.
1019 Sanderson, James (Gard-
ner
1918 Sando, M. F.
1918 Torrey, James H.
1914 Watres, L. A.
1919 Watres, Laurence H.
Bbamokia (Northumberland]
1916 Lark, Charles 0.
1000 Ryon, William W.
SbaroB (Mercer)
1017 McKay, H. G.
1010 Whitla, James P.
BhMUindMh (Schuylkill)
1919 Bell, James Jackson
1010 Burke, Martin M.
Somenet (Somerset)
1014 Berkey, J. A.
AHSKICAN BAR A3H0CIATI0N.
PEKHSYLVAl
Varu (Dalinr*)
THiLippm tnu
ins atimf, John H.
Alter
Humnou
VariiNboro (maUlB)
IKl
Godd«rd, Leonard H.
IW9i
Pa«undo, Franclaco O™
am Artt, 0. Wiltcr
oabti
a\a
19a
Vielifr., J>ni« C.
UU OliRii. John J.
IlvUo
Bewt. Jo«
ini HIUR, J. Pnnk E.
ins Haldlnc, A. 11.
1911
FOBM (Ponce)
1*14 IObBK>n. OeoTf* B.
I«MW
in7
isai
Oapo, Fludara Parra
Marchand. Ralarl V.
Walliboro {Tio«.)
Bursetl, J. B*ln<n
Ptnt
me
Foventud, JoM A.
L.f"Pl
Sepulveda, Dominco
in»
Loekmaa, L. Dnne
Bolo. JOM TOUB
ini Bedford, a«.r»e B.
181S
Torn, F. Manuel
1«» ButklMric*. Thomu, Jf.
Kutla
lu Jun (San Juan)
1818 Ounptall, A. C.
1921
AlCken, Tbomai D.
iei4 Dutlnc. Iliamu
Brad)-, WilHan. C.
IBM
Almiroty, F, G, Prm
in? FleiU, Joigph E.
1«l
OroBfleld, A»an Srott
Aybar, Edo.rdo Acui..
im Crimn. John H.
Delgido. FranciKo A.
Bmitta, Juan Oinnan
iBia Hdier. e. r.
DeWirt, OlTde Alton
Benn, Harr, F.
IStS JcokiiM, Jokn E.
IMT
Plriter, Fttderick Charln
in) Shu, Thomu D.
1«11
Oibba, A. D.
1821
Coll y Cuchl. Cayetau
ins ebrrmooa. Pml J.
IMH
Qilmofe, Eunne Allrn
ino
Darila, Joae U.rtinn
ins atatwrr, Fiuik p.
Harttpin, nwniia L.
De Aldrer, Pedro
1MB Turner, Artbur L.
Hu^ey, Oeorte Roirra
]»Si
DcUr, Franda H.
1811 Wrigbt, Otorve B.
Ittt
Insennll, Frank B.
Pellu, Leopoldo
1821
Jobmn, David OkM
Florea. Manuel Benlln
WiUlMuport (Lrcoming)
1821
Kinoald, WH1i.ni A., .fr.
1892
Fra«r. 0. B.
inl BHber, Williim P.
1821
Lawrence, Jamc* 0,
IBOt Oroek»r, ffllliam D
HcDotwuih, Charles A
1821
Graa, Frandaoo Solo
HaleoUB, Oeortre A.
1822
Guena, Miguel
ins T>ttmtT. Wri. RiuhII
IMl
Nohle, a. Lawrmw
1822
Haba, GabriEl De La
ItlT Ednrdi. NlchoUi H.
ISSl
O'Brien. Seldon W.
Hamilton. Peter J.
IMS Fredericks, Jno. T.
IMt
Ofanick, Benjamin fi.
ina
Hartiell, Ofaarla
IBU Hlpplf, Rnrj
PFtkfni, Eugene A.
Roaa, Jama
1822
Irlarte, Oeleatino, Jr.
ins UcGormiclc. Seth T., Jr.
1810
8di™,kopf. Sldnev C.
R el ley, Daniel F,
1886 MuuoD, 0. La Rgp
Mph. Ewald E.
im R«dlng, JohD 0.
Tenner, Oiarla E.
Lopea, Joa<iuln
UU RhoM, MortlnKr 0.
Welch. Thomap Cry
1822
ins Sprout, Clmoce E.
Wolfaon, Julian A.
Loret. Joaeph A.
in4 WhllFhnd. Hirrcy W,
1821
Martin. UUea M.
K»r»
Uaaaarl. Domtngo H.
Manly. Robert Emmel
ins
Molina. Hemy Ocorge
IMT C«npb.ll. Jminia D.
Monaerrat. Daudan
Moralea, Lula MuBD*
York {York!
IKl
Turner, E. 0.
102s
1812
Munoi. HlcDel A.
Quinonaa, Joae Bamoa
IMl OlHHnir, JiTKH Gntiim
BinJ
in4 NeR. Qnrge K,
isss
1801 Nll«, Henry 0.
Krlmblll. Walter M.
1822
Bilre, Itfmm. Jr.
ins Roa. H. autent
1822
Sitra. Guataro Croado
im Sbervood, Bij P.
ira
Sqto, Carlca Fiueo
1880 Ste«»rt. W. F. B.7
WM
Moore, Patrlek Jowph
Soto. Juan a
in« W«mer. Ne.ln H.
1831
Teaser. J. P.
1912
994
AlCERIGAN BAB AS800IATI0K.
BMttf ort (Beftufort)
1914 Talbird, Thoi.
Bennettivllld (Marlboro)
1917 Le Onuide, J. W.
1920 Riley, H. J.
1917 Stevenflon, W. M.
1917 Ttoon, S. S.
OamdMi (Kerehaw)
1918 Wittkowaky, L. A.
OkAflefton (Oharleatoo)
1921 Allan, Jamea
1917 Biftsot, Thomaa W.
1918 Barnwell, Nathaniel B.
1921 Buiat, George L.
1806 Buiat, Henry
1914 E^ckxnann, H. L.
1914 Ficken, John F.
1907 Fits Slmona, W. Huger
1911 Frost, Frank R.
1900 Hagood, Benjamin A.
1922 Huger, Alfred
1900 Hyde, Simeon
1921 Legge, Lionel K.
1921 Mitchell, Julian
1921 Bivera, M. Rutledge
1918 Rutledge, B. H.
1914 Smith, Henry A. Middle-
ton
1921 Stoney, Thomaa P.
1919 Whaley, William
1918 Wilbur, Walter B.
1917 Young, Arthur R.
Olieraw (Cheaterfleld)
1918 Caaton, R. T.
1921 Prince, O. L.
1914 Watto, R. C.
Cheater (Oirater)
1919 McFadden. f;. E.
1918 Marion, Jno. Hardin
OolnmhU (Richland)
1914 Aycock, W. T.
1909 Barron, Charles H.
1919 Belser, Irvine F.
1911 Benet, CJhristie
1914 Graig. Edward L.
1920 Elliott, Charlea B.
1921 Fowlea, Jamea H.
1910 Frieraon, Jamea Nelson
1921 Oibbea, Hunter A.
1900 Herbert, Robert Beverly
1917 Lumpkin, AIt* Moore
1919 Lumpkin, IL O.
■OVTR OABOUVA
OolnmMa (Richland) Cont'd
1918 McKay, Douglaa
1914 Melton, W. D.
1918 Montelth,. Colin 8.
1919 Moorman, Robert
1921 MuUina, E. W.
1911 Nelaon. WUUam &
1914 Seibela, John T.
1919 Thomaa, J. Watiea
1907 Thomaa, John P., Jr.
1914 Tompkina, F. O.
1914 Townaend, W. H.
1918 Weaton, Francia H.
1920 Wolfe, Samuel M.
Oonway (Horry)
1917 McMillan, Hoyt
Darlington (Darlington)
1917 Dargan, George E.
1921 Dargan, Wooda
1921 Dennia, Edward 0.
1921 Edwards, George H.
1917 Lawaon, L. M.
Dillon (DiUon)
1919 Gibaon, J. B.
1922 Lane, Joe P.
1921 Moore, W. Cheater
1918 MuUer, W. H.
Edgelleld (Edgefield)
1918 Devore, J. W.
Florenoe (Florence)
1918 Bridgea, William Mar-
ahall
1918 Davia, Henry E.
1921 Fulton, Robert Benjamin
1919 Lynch, Jamea M.
1919 McNeill, J. P.
1914 Oliver, E. S.
1921 Royall, Samuel Jerome
1921 Sharkey, R. W.
1921 Shipp, S. W. G.
1914 Willcox, F. L.
Georgetown (Georgetown)
1921 Hazard, Walter
Greenville (Greenville)
1918 Ansel. M. F.
1916 Oothran, Thomaa P.
1911 Earle, Wilton H.
1911 Haynaworth, Henry J.
1914 Ricketta, John B.
1910 Sirrine, William G.
1921 Townea, Henry K.
ftreenwood (Qnmmooi)
1914 Grier, P. Bamm
1916 Costa, D. A. G.
Hampton (Hampton)
1921 Murdaugh, Randolph
HarttvUle (Darlington)
1914 Miller, F. A.
Kingatree (Williamsburg)
1921 Hinda, A. C.
1910 Lee, LeRoy
1920 CBryan. J. D.
Lanrena (Laurena)
1921 Todd, Albert C.
Iffanwlng (Clarendon)
1921 Durant, Charlton
1921 O'Bryan, S. Oliver
Karion (Marion)
1918 Buck, Henry
1917 Johnaon, Jamea W.
1911 Lide, L. D.
1917 MulUna, Henry
1917 Wooda, Albert F.
1886 Wooda, Charlea Albert
1917 Woods, M. C.
Xorgantown (Fairfield)
1917 Ervin, William C.
XttUina (Marion)
1919 Norton, W. Ben
Vowberry (Newberq»l
1914 Cromer, Qto. B.
1918 Hunt, L H.
Orangebnrf (Orangeburg)
1921 Moaa, B. H.
1918 Rayaor, Thomaa M.
Book HIU (York)
1918 Cherry, Wm. J.
St. George (Dorchester)
1919 Utaey, Walter S.
St. Katthewa (Chlhoun)
1921 Mann, M. M.
Saluda (Saluda)
1918 Ramage, C. J.
STATE LIST OP MEMBBKS BY CIT]
BOOTH OABOUHA-^OOTH ]
1M» BlMSkwood, In O.
1»U Bomar, Horace Leland
1W4 Brown, Ben Hill
IMS Oarlisie. Howard B.
1M6 Daniel. OUudiua EraUne
1M« Lanham, Samuel Tucker
1914 Manning, A. A.
IMB Otta. Oomelin
SnmmerviUe (Doccbester)
1911 Walker. Legare
Snmtor (Sumter)
1M4 Praaer. T. B.
IWO Lee. John D.
WIS StrauM. I. O.
Unton (Union)
1913 Sawyer. J. Aahbj
WftUuilU (Oconee)
1920 Earie. J. R.
Wftltarboro (OoUeton)
1919 Moorer. J. M,
Wimuboro (Fairfield)
1918 UcDoBald, J. E.
SOUTH OAXOTA
Aberdera (Brown)
1980 Agor. Hugh
1919 Arnold, Thomaa L.
19«1 Oampbell, A. W.
1920 Oorrigan. W. P.
19W Huntington. Frederick O
1916 McNultr. Prank
1916 Maaon. W. P.
1916 Ryan, E. C.
1918 Wallace. William
1918 WiUiamaon. George N
(Doogltti)
1981 Addie, John W.
1921 Wanaer. E. P.
Belle Fonrohd (Butte)
19n McOitcfaen. Dan
1918 Simoni^ Leonard M.
BenattMl (Gi^gDiy)
1921 (}aah, J. R.
Brtdt»w»tw (McCook)
lim Ibdd. Oeorie B.
J921 Gardner, Robert D.
BrooUngf (Brookinga)
1921 Alexander. J. p.
1919 Hall, Philo
1917 Purdy, Wallace E.
1921 Trygstad, O. O.
Bryant (Hamlin)
1921 Ameson. O. A. 8.
B«ff»le (Harding)
19a Bennett, W. M.
Bnrke (Gregory)
191S Davia, CJharlea A.
OentervlUe (Turner)
1982 Berven. Louia
Ohamberlala (Brule)
1981 Brown, U. A.
1981 Slifer, E. R.
01*rk (Cnark)
1911 Sherwood. Chrl G.
Clear Lake (Deuel)
1921 Knight, Wiley W.
l>aUae (Gregory)
1914 Patterson. E. O.
Deadwoed (Lawrence)
1921 Hayea. Robert 0.
1908 Rice. WiUiam G.
1916 RuaBell. John R
l>eU Bapidi (Minnehaha)
1918 Krauae, G. R.
1918 Krauae. Homer G.
DeSmet (Kingabury)
1981 Oawford. Don A
:921 Pritael, 0. O.
1921 Warren, William H.
'>ttpwe (Ziebach)
1921 Nelaon. Thomaa R.
Slkten (Brookinga)
1981 Berke, E. A.
Oeddee (Oharlea Mix)
1981 Beck. Ambroae B.
996
AMERICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
Pterre (Hughes) Cont'd
1920 Payne, Byron S.
1914 Siz}ith, Elliaon G.
1918 Stephens, Louis L.
Pljuiklnton (Aurora)
1919 F^IowB, Donald
Platte (Charles Mix)
1920 Willy, Roy Earle
Presho (Lyman)
1921 Wederath, Frank C.
Rapid City (Pennington)
1912 Buell, Charles J.
1914 Denu, Albert R.
1918 Fellows, Hubbard F.
1922 Flavin, George E.
1916 Philip, George
1921 Stanley, Elton W.
1916 Williams, George
Redfleld (Spink)
1912 Bruell, William F.
1920 Sterling, Cloyd D.
'Salem (McCook)
1922 McCay, C. H.
Scotland (Bon Homme)
1921 Wifcks, Frederick D.
Sionz Fall! (Minnehaha)
1896 Bailey, CJharles O.
1921 Barron, Edward D.
1921 Bergh, Martin
1921' Bielski, R. A.
1916 Caldwell, Clarence O.
1900 Cheny, U. -S. 0.
1912 CSiristo^herson, Chas. A.-
1921 Coon,' Jesse D.
1912 Danforth, Geo. J.
1921 ^liVenport,' Holton
1921 Doyle, WiHiam T.
1914 'Bllft>tt, James D.
1918 Fairbank, Arthur B.
1916 ^'ske, Edmund W.
1921 Fitzpatrick, John Harold
1917 Gamble, Robert J.
1921 Gibbs, Ransom L.
1921 GVigsby, Sioux K.
1912 "Judge, Harold E. '
1912 Kirby, Joe •
1921 Lynch, John D.
1921 Lyon, 'William H.
1921 Matthews, BehonI O.
1918 Mbntt, Oharles J.
SOTTTH DAXOTAr-TBlfNSSBXE
Slovz Falls (Minnehaha)
Cont'd
1921 Mundt, John 0.
1921 Peck, Miles E.
1910 Porter, William Gove
1921 Simons, Blaine
1910 Telgen, Tore
1806 Voorhees, John H.
1921 Waggoner, Lloyd E.
1921 Warren, Fred O.
SlMeton (Roberts)
1920 Babcock, Howard
1920 Jorgenson, C. R.
Timber Lake (Dewey)
1921 Pudcr, Cteorge H.
1921 Urban, P. O.
▼ermilioa (Clay)
1906 Payne, J. E.
Watertown (Codington)
1921 Foley, Andy E.
1911 Hanten, John B.
1921 Hasche, Arthur H.
1921 Loucks, Daniel K.
1918 Loucks. Peny F.
1921 McFarland, James G.
1914 Mather. Jas. E.
1922 Russell, Michael J.
1921 Sherin, Arthur L.
Webster (D«y)
1920 Bicknell, Lewis W.
1920 Coomes, I. 8.
1920 Dougherty, P. W.
1920 Waddel, W. G.
White Biver (Mellette)
1921 Kell, C. E.
1921 Manson, C. F.
Winner (Tripp)
1921 Olmstead, Oscar D.
TEHHE88EE
Athens (McMinn).
1914 Jones, Clem J.
Bolivar (Hardemas) '
1918 Carter, Hugh E.
1910 Miller, (Charles A.
1921 Miller, Elisabeth L.
Bristol (SuIUvaa)
1910 St. John, Charles J.
Carthage (Smith)
1921 Fisher, J. N.
Chattanooga (Hamilton)
1920 Allison. N. M.
1917 Andenon, James H.
1907 Andrews, Champe 8.
1920 Campbell, Paul
1911 Ontrell, John H.
1916 Garden, Frank S.
1910 Chamblias, Alex. W.
1914 Caiambliss, John A.
1914 (3offey, Charles S.
1920 Finlay, James F.
1910 Fletcher, John Stem
1921 Garvin, Walter B.
1910 Grayson, D. L.
1920 Hyde, John B.
1920 Levine, J. L.
1921 Littleton, Carlyle S.
1910 Uttleton, JeseM.
ISei Lusk, Charles W.
1920 Martin, F. Linton
1921 Miller, Burkett
1921 Miller, L. D.
1910 Miller, W. B.
1922 Noone, (yharles A.
1920 Roddy, Stephen R.
1921 Sizer. J. B.
1906 Smith, Samuel Bosworth
1910 Strang, S. Bartrow
1897 Swaney, W. R.
1920 Thomas, W. G. M.
1910 Trimble, James M.
1921 Whitaker, Sam B.
1910 Williams, Joe Y.
1920 Wrinkle, John S.
ClarkirUle (Montgomoy)
1914 Fort, Dancey
01«v«laiid (Bmdley)
1908 Mayfleld, J. E.
1916 Mayfleld, P. a
1014 Stuart, D. Sullins
Clinton (Anderaod)
1921 Hicks, Xcoopbon
ColnmMa (Mauiy)
1914 Holding, Sam
1910 Hughes, George T.
1917 Smiser, James A.
1017 Toner, William B.
STATE LIST OF MEMBERS BY CITl
Oookevllle (Putnam)
1921 BulIinflTion, L. H.
1921 Gapshaw, E. W.
1921 Holladay, O. K.
Oovlnrton (Lipton)
1921 Gwiiui, L. E.
1921 Owen, W. L.
1920 Owen, William A.
Deofttnr (Meigs)
1910 Lillard, J. W.
Dyenbnrff (Dyer)
1920 Rogera, H. T.
1922 Warren, I. M.
1920 Weakley, Ewell T.
FayetteTiUe (Lincoln)
1918 Evane, Giles Lincoln
1920 Holman, B. E.
1020 Lamb, W. B., Jr.
FnuiUln (Williamson)
1921 Courtney, Wirt
OaUatin (Sumner)
1921 Collier, H. S.
OreeneriUe (Greene)
1921 Biddle, J. E.
Harrim&n (Roane)
1913 Breazeale, Samuel A.
1914 Caasel, R. B.
1914 Harris, D. O.
Henderson (Chester)
1921 Galbraith, J. I.
Enntiiigdoii (Carroll)
1921 Maddox, P. W.
1921 Murpby, J. W.
HuatsviUe (Scott)
1921 Baker, James F.
1921 Foster, E. G.
JaokMB (Madison)
1920 Bond, R. H.
1920 Key, W. N.
1010 Newman, Claire B.
1921 Piffford, G. E.
1921 RoflB, J. W.
1921 Rothrock, J. T., Jr.
1920 Sprains, R. F.
1914 Timberlake, W. G.
TENKB8SEE
Jefferson Olty (Jelferson)
1921 Lambdin, J. Carl
Jolmgon Olty (Washington
1920 Cox, Thad A.
1921 Miller, Lee F.
Joneaboro (Washington)
1900 Baxter, E. J.
Kinffsport (SulUvaa)
1918 Penn, George E., Jr.
XnozyUle (Knox)
1920 Andrews, Forrest
1914 Baker, Lewis M. G.
1920 Beeler, R. H.
1914 Bowen, A. T.
1920 Brougbton, Len O., Jr.
1917 Cate, Horace Nelson
1908 Gates. C. T., Jr.
1920 Cox, Williston M.
1920 De Vault, Walter D.
1921 Egerton, M. W.
1920 Ely, L. C.
1920 Fowler, Harley 0.
1910 Fowler, James A.
1910 Frantz, John Henry
1910 Green, John W.
1920 Grimm, A. C.
1021 Harrison, C. Raleigh
1921 Hyman, Harry S.
1914 Jones, Robert M.
1918 Kennerly, W. T.
1920 Lee, William Baxter
1921 Long, Mitchell
1921 McCk>nnell, Robert M.
1920 Mc(^nnell, T. G.
1920 McDermott, Malcolm M.
1922 Meek, James M.
1921 MoDtgomery, Frank
1911 Moore, Samuel E. N.
1922 Neal, John R.
1922 Poore, Harry T.
1922 Poore, W. A.
1917 Price, J. Harry
1890 Sanford, Edward T.
1917 Sanson, R. H.
1920 Saxton, Irvin S.
1921 Seymour, Charles M.
1921 Simmons, C3Tua
1910 Smith, Charles H.
1918 Smith, L. D.
1920 Steinmetz, Karl E.
1910 Tate, Hugh M.
1921 Testerman, Ben n.
1807 Van Deventer, Horace
1921 Washburn, W. P.
998
AMSRIGAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
lb
mphls (Shelbr) Cont'd
lUmpliU (Shelby) Cont'd |
19»
Pntreaa, Frands
1920
Spears, Hanj
1099
9lBch, Morton E.
1920
Stickley, R. H.
1906
FRahnsb, G. T.
1920
Toombs, Fred %,
1919
PitKhugh, W. H.
1919
Walker, Samuel P.
1990
Foxp Charles N.
1020
Waring, Roane
1920
Freedmsn, Jooeph M.
1917
Williams, Auvergne
1919
Gumawaj, Herbert
1910
Wilson, Julian C.
1912
Oatea, Eiiaa
1917
Winchester, Lee
1920
Gilliland, Frank
1920
Terger, Campbell
1920
OriAn, Marion Bcudder
1911
Toong, J. P.
1920
Haid. Erwin 0.
1914
Hall, William M.
Morriftown (Hamblen) |
1914
Harah, George
1921
DrinnoD, James L.
1919
HeiflkeU, Lamar L.
1920
Hidcey, Rufw M.
1920
Holmea, J. B.
1920
Hickey, W. N.
1908
Haghea, AUen
1921
Taylor, &. R.
1980
Hugfaea, Wigfatman
1920
Keebler, Robt. 8.
MnrfrMsboro (Rntherlord) |
1920
Ketchum, M. C.
« ^^m^m
Mwa wa «
191S
Richardson, James D.
\Kl
King, Earl
1919
1917
King, R. B.
Klewer, Edward B.
MuhTlUe (Davidson)
1920
Leaser* M. E.
1921
Acklen, Joseph H.
1920
LiTingston, H. J.
1920
Adams, Morton B.
1920
Loch, Jno. W.
1917
Anderson, A. B.
1920
McCadden, J. E.
1914
Anderson, J. M.
1920
McCormick, Orover
1920
Armistead, George H.,
1907
McDonald. Will T.
Jr.
1921
McDonald, WiilUm Percy
1917
Aust, John R.
1912
McDowell, James R.
1915
Bachman, Nathan L.
1920
McGehee, M. S.
1910
Bass, Frank M.
1917
McKa7, Clinton H.
1918
Beasley, James S.
1919
McRee^ J. L.
1916
Berry, Frank A.
1919
MoRpadden. 0. J.
1906
Boyd, C. T.
1914
Martin, John D.
1917
Brown, John 0.
1920
Matthews, Benjamin L.
1906
Cain, Stith. M.
190*
Metcalf, Charles W.
1889
Campbell, Lemuel R.
1919
Metcalf, WiUUm P.
1916
Campen, liarvin
1911
Miles, LoTick P.
1919
Cato, Baxter
1910
Minor, H. Dent
1917
Oohn, Nathan
1919
Moore, Robert J.
1913
Colton, Henry E.
1920
Murrah. W. F.
1912
Crouch, Larkin E.
1917
Peres. Israel H.
1916
De Bow, J. D. B.
1920
Poston, John H.
1914
Dewitt, John H.
1920
Poryear, David
1918
Dews, Richard P.
1920
Randolph, George
1918
Douglas, Lee
1910
Randolph, WaaseU
1920
Edwards, J. C.
1910
Rankin, Charles W.
1920
Ewing, A. G., Jr.
1920
Riddick, Bdward 0.
1920
Ewing, William Howard
1920
Riley, Albert G.
1910
Cranberry, William L.
1921
Rose, Milton B.
1918
Green, Grafton
1920
Rosenfleld, W. B.
1917
Hall, Pitagerald
1920
Soott, Harold H.
1910
Handly, Avery
1020
flhafer, A. B.
1917
Uarwood, Samuel N.
190B
Bivley, Clarence U
1916
Higgins, Joseph C.
1910
Smith, Gilmer P.
1918
Jackson, Robt. F.
ua
Rohm, Alfred
1906
Keeble, John BeU
Vm]iy111« (DavidaoB) Cont'd
1914 Lansden. D. L.
1910 Lea, Luke
1017 Leftwich, Louis
1918 Luck, Harry A.
1918 McAlister. W. K.
1918 Mc(3am, Jeff
1918 McClure, James W.
1920 MacPeebles, J.
1907 Maddin, Percy D.
1910 Malone, Thomas H.
1913 Manier, Will R., Jr.
1018 Marr, W. B.
1017 Moore, J. Washington
1022 Neil, A. B.
1017 NorvcU, WillUm E.. Jr.
1012 O'Connor, Myles Power*
1017 Palmer, H. E.
1010 Pitts, John A.
1016 Price, Edwin A.
1020 Ready, Fk^nk J.
1020 Reynolds, J. L.
1010 Rust, Uttell
1022 Rutherford, A. G.
1010 8e«y, Edward T.
1010 Shriver, B. D.
1020 Sims, Cecil
1018 Smith, Edward J.
1006 Smith, Henry E.
1006 Smith, Robert T.
1914 Steger, WillUro E.
1006 Stokes, Jordan
1013 Stokes, Jordan, Jr.
1020 Swiggart, W. H.. Jr.
1892 Tillman, A. M.
1012 Triabue, Cfharles C.
1020 Turck, Charles J.
1910 Tureey, Jno. E.
1910 l^ne, Thomas J.
1910 Yaughn, Robert
1880 Vertrecs, J. J.
1920 Walker, Seth M.
1919 Walah, E. J.
1916 Waahingtoil, W. H.
1917 Watkins, Thomas O.
1914 Wilson, 8. F.
Mewport (Cocke)
1921 MoSween, W. D.
1921 Mims, W. O.
Portland (Sumnev)
1020 McKinney, W. L.
PuImU (Giles)
1020 Wade, Frank
STATE LIST OF MEMBEBS BY CITIES
k>nt'd
1.
t.
ii
Jf.
.1.. *•
■*c
ij.
i
J.
rt
D.
f.t
Bos«rsTllle (Hawktoa)
19Z1 Hale. W. B.
1P14 ThompBon, J. A.
Bavannali (Hardin)
1020 Roes, E. W.
SomerriUe (Fayette)
1021 Mayo, J. IX
\9ZL Mayo. W. M.
IMS Stainback, Oharlea A.
Sprinfileld (Robertaon)
1020 Gamer, John E.
Trenton (Oibaon)
1920 Elder, Hany H.
1920 Herron, W. W.
1910 Neil, M. M.
1920 Taylor, Hillaman
'WJUPtburg (Morgan)
1921 Davis, John M.
Watartown (Wilson)
1920 Smith, J. R.
Waverly (Humphreys)
1921 Garter, Roy
Woodbury (Cannon)
1921 Davenport, Jesse
TEXAS
Abilene (Taylor)
1918 Jackson, W. O.
Amarillo (Potter)
1022 Boyce, William
1918 Guleke, J. O.
1920 Miller, E. T.
1920 Pearson, Peny 8.
1921 Pipkin, H. 0.
1921 Reeder, O. B., Jr,
19SZ Rjbum, F. M.
1920 Stone, Bea H.
1922 Underwoo«l, p. r.
Autin (Travis)
1918 Cureton, C. M.
1914 Doom, D. H.
1918 Fleet, Franc
1917 Fisher, Samuel W.
1917 Graves, Ireland
1920 Greenwood, Thomas B.
1922 Lewis, Bertha Wallace
U06 McOlendon, James W.
33
TEKNESSEE— TEXAS
Austin (Travis) Cont'd
1918 Peeler, J. L.
1914 Potts, 0. 8. •
1914 Rector, N. A.
1922 Savage, Maiy Wallace
1922 Shurtcr, Edwin D.
1909 Townea, John O.
B&ritow (Ward)
1922 Holt, Birffe
Bay City (MaUgorda) •
1917 Styles, Samuel J.
Beaumont (Jefferson)
1914 Anderson, Geo. D.
1914 Baten, Thos. J^ *
3919 CJarroll, Y. D.
1914 Chilton, Geo.
1914 Oonley, John M.
1911 CJrook. W. M.
1912 (Gordon, W. D.
1913 Lipscomb, A. D.
1914 Lord, O. A.
1919 McCall, John D.
1913 Minor, Farrell D.
1919 Smith, Stuart R.
1914 Sonfleld, Leon
1912 Todd, Oliver J.
BeeviUe (Bee)
1921 Beaaley, John R.
1921 Cox, Thomas M.
1918 Dougherty, J. R.
Bonham (Fannin)
1918 Evans, H. G.
Brady (MeCulloh)i
1921 Hughes, S. W.
1921 McCoIlum, Sam
1913 Newman, F. M.
Breokenridge (Stephens)
1919 Haworth, F. L.
1918 Wilson, George T.
Brenbam (Washington)
1904 Searcy. Wm. W.
BrownsviUe (CSameron)
1921 Danoy, Qacar 0.
1918 Seabuiy, F. W.
Brownwood (Brown)
I 1922 Harrison. O. N.
1000
AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION.
DaUM (Dallas) Cont'd
1921 Enrliah, C. C.
1018 Etberldge, Francla
Marion
1914 Francis, W. R.
1912 Frank, David A.
1919 Frank, J. D.
1918 French, Preston 0.
1913 Germany, Julius A.
1922 Gilbert, Joseph E.
1922 Greenwood, Charles F.
1915 Hamilton, Dexter
1917 Hamilton, William B.
1921 Hardy, R. D.
1922 Harris, John 0.
1922 Henry, W. T.
1916 Huff, Charles O.
1918 Hunt, G. D.
1915 Lawther, Harry P.
1918 Locke, Eugene P.
1|14 Love, Thomas B.
Ira) Lowrey, Fred V.
1909 McCormick, Jos. Ifanson
1921 llcOuIlougrh, Tbm L.
1914 McKnight, A. H.
1914 Meek, Edward R.
1922 Muse, E. B.
1922 O'Day, Paul M.
1918 Patton, James C-
1902 Phillips, Nelson
1920 Plowman, M. M.
1912 Read, Cloyd H.
1920 Riddee, Georfre W
1918 Robertson, William F.
1912 Saner, John C.
1904 Saner, Robert E. Lee
1921 Seay, W. F.
1918 Synnott, J. H.
1921 Turner, Ofaarlet D.
1917 Weisberg, Alex. F.
1919 WoEencraft, Frank W.
1014 Wright, George S.
D«l Elo (Valverde)
1021
Boggeas, W. F,
1081
Foster, Phil B.
19S1
Jonea, Joseph
1921
Jones, Walter F.
1021
La Oroes, Julian
1015
Smith, Lamar
DeniioB (Grayson)
1021 Smith, B. S.
XI PaiA (Bl Paso)
1918 Brown, Volney M.
1001 Barges, H^Iiam H.
ion Oroom. O. W.
El Pmo (El Paso) CJonfd
1906 Dyer, John L.
1922 Ooen,' C. S.
1922 Hardie, Thornton
1914 Holliday, Robert L.
1921 Jones, Gowan
1913 Quaid, John E.
1922 Smith, William Robert
1914 Tumey, W. W.
Fort Worth (Tjrrant)
1913 ' Alexander, D. M.
1916 Barwiae, J. H., Jr.
1922 Cooke, Clay
1918 Dedmon, Perry O.
1914 Garrett, H. S.
1917 Le^ Charles K.
1919 Nolan, James E.
1016 Paddock, W. B.
1900 Samuels, Sidney L.
1917 Shoemaker, Frank C.
1922 Smith, W. D.
1921 Taylor, R. E. .
Galveston (Galveston)
1914 Holbrook, T. J.
1914 Lockhart, William B.
1919 Neethe, John
1919 Royston, M. H.
1012 Stewart, Maco
1881 Street, Robert G.
1900 Terry, J. W.
1919 Williams, Biyan F.
1913 Williams, F. A.
Oatesville (CoryeU)
1921 Mears, F. R.
^ Oiddiofs (Lee)
1918 Bowers, Wm. O.
Groonville (Hunt)
1914 Carpenter, Harry Lee
Hallettaville (Lavaca)
1920 Fertsch, Charles
Samiiten (Travis)
1921 Eidson, Arthur R.
HonrletU (Clay)
1916 Dickey, Joseph S., Jr.
1921 Parriah, Ludan W.
HllUboro (Hill)
1018 Wear, W. O.
Houston (Harris)
1014 Andrews, Frank
1011 Baker, James A.
1014 Bryan, Lewis R.
1014 Dannenbaum, Henry J.
1914 Ewing, Presley E.
1922 Fountain, Edmum? Jones,
Jr.
1912 Greer, D. Edward
1020 Hill, Ckorge A., Jr.
1014 Huggins, W. O.
1006 Hume, F. Charles, Jr.
1018 Hunt, W. S.
1012 Jones, Frank Cameron
1914 Logue, John Gibson
1016 Louis, Benjamin Frank-
lin
1014 Morris, Ned B.
1009 Pollard, Claude
1912 Proctor, Frederick O.
1921 Smith, E. F.
1922 Strectman, Sam
1912 Taub, (Hto
1914 Townes, E. E.
1917 Townes, John C, Jr.
1015 Vinson, Wm. A.
1922 Werlein, Ewing
1918 Wolters, Jacob F.
Jefferson (ifarlon)
1921 BeneAeld, J..H.
1021 Rowell, T. D.
Blames City (Kamea)
1015 Bell, a L.
Laredo (Webb)
1021 Smith, Aaher R.
Littlofleld (Lamb)
1014 Collins* Edgar O.
Llano (Uano)
1018 McLean, J. H.
Loagview (Gregg)
1018 Bramlette. E. M.
1016 Young, Ras
Lnflda (AngeUaa)
1015 Minton, R. B.
Xarlla (Falls)
1028 Connolly, Tom
Merldlaa (Bosque)
1918 Ouoreton. H. J.
1918 BobertaoB. James M
STATE LIST Ot HeMBEBS BT CI:
let Plmnant (Titus)
IfilS Burford, J. M.
Pftlegtine (Anderson)
• < 1W« Greenwood, Albert O.
W>*w (Hidalgo)
1W8 Polk, L. J., Jr.
Port Arthur (Jefferson)
itaS Orosby, Samuel H
1W0 Wistner. Vernon J.
Blohmond (Fort Bend)
1M4 Peareson, D. R.
Bockdale (Ilyler)
1921 Qimp. E. A.
Bockport (Arsneas)
1921 Baldwin, W. H.
IWl Gibson, Gordon
1«21 Steven^ E. A.
Bosenberff (Fort Bend)
1921 Ohemosky, O. H.
Ban Aaffelo (Tom Green)
1W4 Hill, J. p.
ms Wright, W. A.
Ban Antonio (Bexar)
W22 Aubrey, William
1917 Boyle, R j.
190* Csrter, H. O.
1918 Chamben, O. M
1922 Dowdell, Graham
1912 Franklin, Tboe. H
IWX Hicks, Yale
I91S Huntress, George W
1918 lngr,u„, R. p/ '*^-
1920 Johnson, CSarl Wright
1921 Robertson, Hugh R
1M4 Rogers, Harry H.
1914 Teagarden, Bruce W
1922 Terrell, Dick O.
1922 Woodhull, Forest
B«tiiin (Guadclupe)
1918 Dibrell, J. B.
Blierman (GraysoD)
1*9 Dillard. F. C.
1^ Randeil, Andiew L.
1922 Randell, O. B
1918 Smith, OecU H
B««*r £«nd (Fort Ben
1921 Waugh, Andrew M.
Sweetwater (Nohm)
1920 Spfller, James L.
Temple (Bell)
1922 Hall, Thomss O.
Tezarkana (Bowie)
1912 Burford, Albert Lee
1912 Estes, W. L.
1920 King. John J.
1912 Rodgers, Rollin W.
Tttllia (Swisher)
1918 Zimmerman, Dennis
Vlotortu (Victoria)
1917 Proctor, Venable R.
Waco (McLennan)
1921 Boynton, (%arle« A.
1921 Bryan. Alva
1921 (iinon. Edward Oarv
1918 Clayton, 8. H.
1921 CJocke, J. Walter
1921 Johnston, Albert Cal
well
1918 Jordai). Harry P
1910 Sanford, Allan D.
1917 Spell. W. E.
1917 Stribling. Oscar L.
1921 Terrell, William Ervln
1912 Williamson. James D.
Wichita Falli (Wichita)
1916 Bonner, William N.
1921 Boone. Thomas R
1918 Britain, A. H
1918 Bulllngton, OrviUe
1922 Carrigan, A. H.
1917 McDonald. Charles C
1917 Martin, P. a.
1922 Swanson, F. Q
1921 Weeks, William Prederi<
VTAH
Bingham Oanyon (Salt Uke)
1»22 Cole. Arthur C,
Brigham (Boxelder)
1«6 OsU, Justin D.
' Bphraim (Sanpete)
M» Jensen, A. W.
AUEBICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
Salt
I«ki City (Wl UlK)
Salt Laka Oltr (Ball Uke)
Obaliaa (Oruce)
Cont'd
Cont'd
IBtl Wlkoo, SUnler O-
Clnff, L. BEEfrtHD
mi Witoon, Hahlon E.
1K3
ODrfin.li, E. E.
ISIS Wolfe, Jamea H.
TmrMiat (Addiaon)
Orttohlow, Oeorge A.
ISBS Swltt, diaile* M.
On«, Benjamin S.
TtH>ala City (Tooele)
asa
Fmbiui. H.rold P.
Kardwlok (Caledonia)
leu
IBIS Dutton, Walter A.
WIS
GiBlln. Pnnk i.
▼•raal (Uinta)
IRtl O-Donnelt, Thomaa W.
IBIB Taylor. WllUaui B.
Ludlow CWlndaor)
1S»
Holman, Pnak K.
TZailONT
IBII Barjent. John 0.
IMS
Hoppiugh, A. L.
ma
Hontll, B. K.
Uxrr, Wllltam H.
IBIS Gordon, John W.
1918 Jackaon, 8. HolUattr
IBM Oriffith. Edward
1816
L«. Eddy 0.
HcBnwm, EUlph A.
ButDD (Orleant)
XlUIabary (Addi»n)
in* Button. Charie. I.
IBll nils, WIUlTd W.
IBZI
UcOuntD, Edwinl
IBIS ni0Dii»n. Fr«ik D.
Hontpaltar (W.ahinron)
IB13 DeBTltt, Edward H.
1B16
Uiclftllin. Herbert R.
Ballowi ralla (Windham)
IBIT aieawn, Fred E.
Harahill, Jobn A.
ISIS Crahuu, Warner A.
IBIS Mow land, Fred A.
IKS
Uirllneiu. I^imn Rojll,
Jr.
BaBDlnrton (Brnninrton)
Hoore, Renry 1.
IBIS Batchelder, Jamei K.
1»13 Walnpn, John H.
Morcin, Hicbolu 0.
IBIS Hetlf, Robert K.
1B21 Wllicoi. Julliia A.
ira
Uu«er. Burton
IBll Youn«. Oeorte B.
IMS
Nlbler. Joel
Brandon (Rutland)
Pamoiu. 0. 0.
IBil Buttles, John S.
KOTTllTlU* (LunoiUe)
PlKhel, W.
1916
Str. Winiim W.
Brattlabwo (Windham)
i.ns
Rich, BcDlemln L.
Richard^ Frank Sri la
Richu^ Franklin S.
lB2t Bartwr, Frank E.
IBIO Barber. Herbert Ooodell
Bawfort (Orleana)
IBSI Famam, ARiert W.
IBIS Orout. Atron H.
IBIS Redmond, Jo^n W.
mt
Ricliardi, Stephen L.
Rolapp. Henry 11.
IBM Harrej-. John N.
isu
RTdalcb, Wm. Edward
Sanger, Ablal B,. Jr.
IBM Maurice, kelville P.
Varthflald (Wiihlnctao)
Schulder, BuBKll 0.
IBIS Whilom. Harold E.
IMS Plumlcy, Flank ■
IM>
Senior, Edwin W.
Sblelda. Du. B.
BBTUncton (Chittenden)
ms
Skeen, Dartd Allred
IflE Auitln. Warren R.
im EdgsrtOT. Edward H.
im
Skeen, Jedediah D.
IBIS Bailv, Gu7 W.
Srafth, Oeor^ H.
lOlB Black, Charlta F.
Kntlaad (Rutland)
IMS
Snrder, Wilaon I.
IBll Cdj, Daniel h.
1907 Butler. Fred. U.
IMl
Btepbena. Harold H.
lOlB Cowlea, CTarenee P.
\m Fenton, Walts B.
Stewart, Barnard Joeepb
IBIS Enrlght. John J.
IKl Jonea. Joaeph C
Btawart. Samuel W.
1B12 Hopklna, Theodore K.
IB21 Jonea, Lawnncc Clark
1B13
SloiT, William. Jr.
IBlt Uoulton. Sherman R.
leii
■nioiii|»oo, John WalMtt
ma Monrer, Edtonnd C.
1921 Leamy, Jamta P.
Thurman, Samuel R.
IBIS Peck, Hamilton S.
IBIS Vcldou, Patrick M.
Vui Oolt, Rar
IBIS Robert!. Robert
1BE1 Novak. Cbaria E.
Vaa Oott. Waldemar
IBIS 8h.w, Henry Bigelow
IBSl Stafford. Bert U
IBIS
Waldo, H. R.
IBtO Sherman. Alfred L.
IBll Sttckoey, Willlan B.
IMO
Weber, A. J.
ISST Talt, Elihu B.
IMl Webtier, Hamllt C.
wmiuna. P. L.
1B21 VOm, Martin S.
IBM Wing, Leonard P.
STATB LIST OF MJEMBEBS BY CI*:
at Albftot (FranUin)
IMS Austin, Ohauncey Q.
1M2 Hogan, George Iff.
1M» McFeetefs, WilUam R.
1»13 P^t. Nathan N.
1W8 Smith, Edward O.
IWl Wataon, Oharltt D.
Bt Johnsbiirr (CSaledonia)
IWO Conant, David 8.
1W8 Searlea. J. Rolf
MW Shields. Ohartea A.
m4 Slack, Leighton P.
Bpringfleld (Windsor)
1W8 Blanchard, Herbert H.
Swanton (Franklin)
1913 FUrroan, Daniel O.
▼eryennes (Addison)
1M3 Flih. Prank L.
White Biv«r Jnnotlon
(Windsor)
ltt4 Stevens, Roland E. V
Aooomao (Accom&e)
1OT9 Doughty, Oeorge L., Jr.
1M4 Qunter, B. T.
Alexandria (Alexandria)
1914 Boothe, Gardner L.
1021 Oarlin, C. C.
1900 Caton, James R.
1821 Oaton, James Randall.
Jr.
1921 Gamer, H. Noel
1921 Nicol, O. E.
1914 Norton, J. K. M.
1821 Smith, Charles Henry
1921 Washington, Richard B.
Amhertt (Amherst)
1922 Allen, William Kinckle
Appalachla (Wise)
1921 Morton, Oeorge
1921 Parker, Robert R.
Bedford (Bedford)
1917 Lowry, Landon
BerryvUle (Clark)
19n Smith. R. S. B.
▼EBXOVT— VZBOIV:
Big Stone Ctep (Wi«
1»1« Irvine, R. T.
Bristol (Washington}
1914 KeUy, Joseph L.
CbarlotteariUe (Albemai
1922 Duke, R. T. W., Jr.
1910 Llle, William Minor
1922 Walsh, Homan W.
Chatham (Pitt^ivania l
1921 McCormick, Cutler C .
ChrlBtlanibiirg (Montgom i
1921 Ellett, Guy P.
1921 Phlegar, Hunter J.
1921 Roop, R. I.
Orewe (Nottoway)
1921 Lee, Henry E.
Culpeper (Culpeper)
1921 Biekers, R, A.
DaariUe (Pittsylvania)
1921 Carter, John W., Jr.
1921 Wooding. Harry, Jr.
Eaetvllle (Northampton;
1913 Mears, Otho F.
Fairfax (Fairfax)
1913 Keith, Thomas R.
1918 Moore, R. Walton
Flaoastle (Botetourt)
1921 Lunsford, C. M.
1921 Reid, Henry S.*
Floyd (Floyd)
1921 Howard, B. O.
Fredericksburg (Spotsylvan i
1914 Wallace. A. W.
Front Boyal (Warren)
1921 Weaver, Aubrey O.
Oate City (Scott)
1921 Bond, S. H.
1921 Cox, Wright
OloQoester (Gloucester)
1922 Gary, Oeorge £.
*t*«Pton (Elizabeth City)
I 1818 W^yxQoatb, John
STATE LIST OP MEMBBSS BY CIT
*••"<*• (Roanoke) Cbnt'd
• 1022 Spiller, Robert K.
IMl Welborn, W. L.
IWl Wingfleld. Ousttvua A.
1921 WoodJrun. Clifton A.
Booknnoiuit (Franklin)
1921 Davlg, Beverly A.
1821 Dillard, Herbert Naah
Sftlem (Roanoke)
1922 Keitter, T. L.
1921 Logan, Joseph D.
1921 Saul. J. P., Jr.
Sperryyille (Rappahannock)
1918 Fletcher, Wm. Meade
Btaanton (Augusta)
1922 Alexander, John A.
1921 Crosby, Floridia Stott
J 921 Curry. Charles
1920 Curry, Duncan
1921 East, Charles M.
1918 Gordon, Armistead O.
1921 Kerr, Hugh H.
1921 Perry, J. M.
Suffolk (Nanaexnond)
1906 Corbitt, James H.
1919 Lewis, H. Stuart
1896 Prentia, Robert B.
Suriy (Surry)
1921 Shewmake, Oscar L.
Taaewell (Taeewell)
1921 Graham, Samuel Cecil
1922 Barman, James W.
Unlvergity (Albemarle)
1922 Eager, George B., Jr.
1901 Minor, Raleigh C.
YlctOrUl (Lunenburg)
1921 Allen. George Edward
1918 Tumbull, N. a, Jr.
Vlenni. (Fairfax)
1914 Echols, John Wamock
Wann Bpringi (Bath)
1918 McAllister, William M.
Warrenton (Fauquier)
1922 Glasscock* B. Richards
1913 Mclntyre, R. A.
VIBMHIA— WABHnroi
Waverly (Sussex)
1921 West, Jese F.
«
.Weft Falls Ohnroh (Fairt
1918 Worthington, A. Sa
ders P.
West Point (Fayette)
1921 Lewis, Herbert L
WillUmsbiirg (James Cit;
1921 Dovell, Ashton
1920 Hall, Chanm'ng M.
1910 Henley, Norvell L.
1922 Peachy, Bathurst D.
Wlnohester (Frederick)
1921 Barton, Robert T.
1916 Harrison, T. W.
1921 Ward, Robert Marion
1921 Williams, R. Gray
Wise (Wise)
1914 Vicars, 0. M.
Wythevlllo (Wythe)
1921 Campbell, Stuart B
1913 Kegley, W. B.
WA89Iir0T0V
Aberdoon (Grays Harbor)
1922 Bruener, Theodore B.
BoUlngham (Whatcom)
1908 Hadley, A. M.
1908 Howard, Clinton W.
Ole Elvm (Kittitas)
1922 Caniield, George E
1922 Hoeffler, J. N.
Colfax (Whitman)
1922 Ettinger, U. L.
1922 LaFollette, W. L., Jr.
1919 McCann, Le Roy *
1907 McCroekey, R. L.
1911 Miller, Fred
1916 Stotler, F. L.
Oolvillo (Stevens)
1922 Noble, Osee W.
Davonport (Lincoln)
I 1918 McOaUum. J. D.
STATE LIST OF MEMBERS BY CI
Spokane (Spokane) Cont'd
1922 Cannon, John If.
1922 Clarke, W. W.
1022 Coll»urn, A. O.
1911 Danson, R. J.
1919 Devia, Arthur W.
1922 Du Boia, FVank V.
1922 Duggan, Fred S.
1906 Edge, Lester P.
1922 Edmiston, Robert L.
1915 Ferria, G. M.
1922 Gandy, Lloyd E.
1906 Qarrecht, F. A.
1922 Garvin, H. Sylvester
1906 Graves, Will G.
1919 Hamblen, Laurence R.
1906 Huneke, William A.
1916 Jeaseph, M. E.
1922 Jones, Caleb
1922 Kerr, Mark P.
1922 Kimball, Parker W.
1922 King, John
1922 Kinsel, Harry O.
1922 Kizer, B. H.
1922 Langford, F. E.
1922 Lantc, George D.
1922 Leavy, Charles H.
1022 Lindsley, Joseph B.
1021 McCarthy, Joseph
1922 McWilliams. H. L.
1922 Maloy, C. E.
1918 Monten, William A.
1906 Kiixum, Richard W.
1922 0*Conner, Charles A.
1922 Pearson, John V.
1920 Plummer, W. H.
1907 Post, Frank T.
1022 Randall, Claude D.
1922 Roaslo^, Joseph
1922 Ruraell, Antone E.
1922 Shaefer, George W.
1914 Shine, P. G.
1922 Swan, Charles E.
1904 Turner, George
1906 Voorhees, Reese II.
19M Wakefield, Wm. J. O.
1922 Webster, R. M.
1922 Williams, Fred M.
1906 Williams, James A.
1015 Witherspoon, A. W.
Spmgue (Lincoln)
1916 Weaver, Samuel P.
Swmyiido (Yakima)
1922 Boose, Oscar L.
1921 ChafTee, Stephen E.
WASHnrOTOV— W£8T rt
Taooma (Pierce)
1906 Ashton, James M.
1914 Bates, Charles O.'
1919 Benton, A. Judson
1922 Bermeister, A. O.
1922 Crowl, B. A.
1906 Cushman, E. E.
1914 Ellis, Overton O.
1922 Gaglisrdi, S. A
1922 Gallagher, John E.
1922 Garretson, Hiram F.
1922 Gordon, J. H.
1906 Griggs, Herbert S.
1922 Harmon, U. E.
1914 Hayden, Elmer M.
1922 Langhome, Maurice A
1922 Lee, William R.
1908 Lueders, Henry W.
1922 Lund, R. H.
1922 McCormick, W. L.
1908 McMillan, Raymond J.
1922 Muscek, Louis J.
1922 Nichols, J. W. A.
1922 Oakley, F. D.
1922 Orr, John E.
1922 'Peterson, (Carles*
1909 Reid, George T.
1922 Remington, Arthur
1922 Rowland, Dix H.
1922 Sullivan, P. C.
1922 Titlow, A. R.
Toppenlth (Yakima)
1922 Bonatead, D. H.
1922 Immel, J. H.
Yanoonver (Clarke)
1922 Davison, George Mark
1914 Swan, Edgar M.
Walla Walla (Walla Wal
1906 Brooks, J. W.
1906 Bryaon, Herbert 0.
1922 Casey, E. L.
1906 Evans, Marvin
1908 Goes, T. P.
1908 Sharpstcin, John L.
1922 Toner, Wilbur A.
Watenrillo (Douglas)
1922 Driver, Samuel M.
1922 Hill, Sam R
Wenatohee (Chelan)
1922 CroUard, Fred M.
1921 Gfeller, Alfred
1922 LudiDgton, B. 8.
AHSUCAN BAB ASSOCIATION,
WMT ViaiHKIA
Hnmtbtttw (Oaben) Oo*
IMl Aloinder, A. S.
OoBfd
1917
Fnncia, Jann D.
IBIl Allrbieh. LtRor
Lynch, Oiirin W.
i»n
Gthaon. Tiiillp P.
1S14 Avl,, 8, B.
IB21
Molit, Bonild F,
Graham. John T.
1917 Blur. Fiwtarick O.
1911
rovetl. mnk U.
Hall, Oonoor
ini BouolKlIe, J. F.
BobiiwB. Howard L.
1917
Inu, Hari7 &
l»2l Brown, Beverly
19OT
Smltli. EdwMd Onndl-
Kin(. H. B.
IWl Brown, J.nw. P.
Uyne, Carney U.
IMl Brawp. W. 0.
i9ca
Smltb. Haney F.
LlwMy. Fred. H.
IKl Oirnw, Btibtn h.
19SI
Winar, Aaron
IBIS
Lorelt, a T.
im cm, Henry 8.
19tl
McKeer, S. S.
Mil Chilton, Winimm Edwin
OUy (Clay)
HenAaw, W. C W.
laei Clark, Tlwddcu* 3.
1«1
EaU«, B. C.
IBM
a»tt, Paul W.
1911 Oil)', Buckner
isn
inn Colemu, ThomM
BlklBI (Randolph)
IBH
EMlh. WUlian. WinI
ISII Oonl<y, Willilm 0.
iBii
Staker, L«wU A.
IKS Divta, D. C. T„ Jr.
1914
Kump, H. G.
IBM
Btrlcklinc, a W.
ISll Dtvlfc gUlge
1913
llaiwtll, W. B.
1911
Tyna, Bulord 0.
IBM Hodg«. Arthur B,
Van Bibber, Cyrw B.
IBII Howird, Divid C.
Vlnaon, Z. T.
IPU Jipk»n, Ifalffilm
Fairmont (Marlon)
IBIS
Wallace. Owrs* 8.
in4 Jobn-on, CUdf B.
Alennder, George Jl-
latl Knlgtat, Edw. W.
i9n
Amoa, Clay D.
Sanim (Wayne)
ma hotb, uo
19M
Bell, Emeat B.
IBS
lATina, William T.
IMl KeDonild, Aopii W-
Haymond, Frank 0.
ims Mithewi, Wm. BurdttU
Moma, Tuaci
SayMT (Uineral)
in( HendlCh, Jima A.
l»n Minor, Berkelty, Jr-
1»1» Ui»«*i>. E. F.
HIT
UU
Powfll! Charla
19a
1911
Fiaher, Hany 0.
Welch, Blchard A.
ign UdrtoD, R. K<'>np
1.14
Wblli, Kemble
Sayitoo* (McDowell)
1«1 Payne, 'wiULim D,
rirettSTlII* (Fayette)
19U
farUow, In j.
1814 PoOenbuTBer, Qconts
Dillon, C. W.
IBH Praton, John J. D.
IBlfl
Huhurd, Robert Thrurion
KlnrwMd (Preatm)
IMl Pricf, OeoTte E,
Lee, William L.
IBl*
Orojan, P. J.
1»» Prict, T. BtMllt
MoCluoE. Higee
Ull RIB, Hirold A.
im
Uylti, Tbomu A.
Loian (Locan)
ini RiMiiMn, DflbcrC T.
Nuckolls Elberl L.
1911
Qreerer, Jama B.
mj Slmnu, John T.
OmitOD, C. W.
MeNnnar, W. V.
ins Smith, Hurrfaon Brooki
mi SpilmM, Hoben 9,
Orafton (Tiylor)
IBU
Minter, 0. B.
IKl Stone, Arthur 0.
I9Z1
Allendet, J. Ouj-
■fadlaui (Boone)
IKl SuHwr. Edw.rd M.r.h.11
1911
Heohmer. John L.
Robinson. Jed W.
iBa
Murphy. Frank P.
W.de, W. B.
UU TWi-md, T. C.
WudH-. Hugh
IBn WitU, Jo. aiickbum
B^rv»n TttTj (Jcffn»n)
1021 White, John Baker
igu
JeHonla, Tracy L.
1»!1
Sdiwenck. Lawrence S
WIT Wilei, a«r«e B. 0.
191S
DuDlap, R. F.
1914
Campbell, Charlea N.
IB18 Beckwith, Frank J.
Faulkner, Charlea J.
1917 Brown, Fomit W,
XnntlntWn (Cabell)
1919
Fine. Reuben
1918
Bltm, Samuel
Henaon. J. 0.
CUrkabnrr (lUrriion)
Brown. Douetu W.
191T
Ita CliBord, J. PhiUtp
Oowden, William K.
1911
Martin.' aarence E.
IMl JobnaoD, Louii A.
Daitla, Cary H.
Walk^. Btiutt W.
UU Uw. J. S.
191B
Filapatrick. Hubert
1911
Woo^ John K.
STATE LIST OF MEMBERS BY CITIES AND TOWNS.
1009
Montvomerj (FmTette)
1980 ChAmpe, Vernon 0.
1919 CNetl, L. Burke
Mooreflald (Hardy)
1917 McOBuley, O. W.
MorriiBtown (Monongalia)
191S Baker, Qeorge C.
1922 Madden, Joseph Warren
1918 Stewart, Edgar B.
KonndiTlUA (Marahall)
1918 C^rrigan, Clhas. E.
1917 Evans, D. B.
1918 Moore, Everett F.
Mnllons (Wyoming)
1921 Moran, O. D.
1921 Toler, J. Albert
1921 Worrell, Orover O.
V«w MartintTille (Wetxel)
1909 WUlis, M. H.
Parkeriburg (Wood)
1899 Arabler, B. Mason
1917 Ambler, Mason O.
1912 CJamden, H. P.
1919 Dodge, Harris B.
1910 Kreps, Charles A.
1913 Laird. John F.
1911 McDougle, Walter E.
1921 Matthevra, Howard D.
1897 Merrick, Charles D.
1908 Miller, William N.
1909 Moats, Francis P.
1918 Smith, Levin
1897 Turner, Smith D.
1904 Yandervort, James W.
1904 Wolfe, William H.
Fanoiu (Randolph)
1921 Pritt, Wayne E.
1912 Valentine, A. Jay
PhlUppi (Barbour)
1918 Dayton, Arthur S.
1917 Ice, W. T., Jr.
1917 Woods, Samuel V.
Piedmont (Mineral)
1928 Arnold, Arthur
PtnerUle (Wyoming)
1921 Sbanoon, F. E.
WEST VntOZVIA— WI8C0H8IV
Point Pleaiant (Mason)
1909 Hogg, Charles E.
1918 Spencer, J. S.
Prlnoeton (Mercer)
1918 McOrath, John M.
1921 Sanders, Hartley
Kkihwood (Nicfaolaa)
1918 Alderson, Fleming N.
Romney (Hampshire)-
1918 Cornwall, John J.
St. M&ryB (Pleasants)
1912 Wells. Ross
Spencor (Roane)
1914 Baker, John M.
Snmmortvllle (Nicholas)
1912 Breckinridge, A. N.
Sutton (Braxton)
1917 Fox, Fred L.
1918 Haymond, W. E.
Vnlon (Monroe)
1021 Rowan, John L.
Welch (McDowell)
1911 Anderson, Luther C.
1921 Curd, Thomas H. S.
1922 Harman, John Newton,
Jr.
1921 Litz, M. O.
1921 Sale, Graham
1910 Strother, D. J. F.
Wellibnrg (Brooke)
1918 Carter, Edward E.
Weston (Lewis)
1917 Bland, Robert L.
1908 Brannon, W. W.
1921 SUthers, Birk 8.
Wheeling (Ohio)
1921 Bradshaw, W. L.
1921 Brennan, J. H.
1917 Conniff, John J.
1921 Curl, Joseph R.
1911 Ewing, James W.
1921 Foulk, Tom B.
1921 Handlan, J. Bernard
1911 Hubbard, Nelson C.
1921 HugUB, Wright
1911 McOamic, Charles
Wheeliiiff (Ohio) Oonf d
1918 McEee, David A.
1921. Nesbitt, Frank W.
1918 Palmer, John C, Jr.
1912 Richards, H. C!ampbe]l
1917 Riley, T. 8. /
1918 Roeenbloom, Benjamin L.
1921 Schuck, Charles J.
1911 Somraerville, J. B.
Williamson (Mingo)
1917 Bias, B. Randolph
1916 Damron, James
1909 Ooodykoontz, Wells
1921 Sampsello, L. A.
1912 Scherr, Harry
1921 Slaven, Lant R.
1921 Stafford, John L.
WISC0H8IH
Antigo (Langlade)
1920 Dempsey, Raymond C.
1921 Goodrick, Arthur
1921 Hay, Henry
Appleton (Outagamie)
1921 Berg, Theodore
1912 Bradford, Francis S.*
1920 Cary, Paul V.
Ashland (Ashland)
1012 Parish. John K. (Biloxi,
Miss.)
1919 Pray, Allan T.
1017 Risjord, Gullick N.
1912 Shea, William F.
BAniboo (Sauk)
191G Bentley, Frank R.
1916 Evans, Evan A.
B&ylLeld (Bayfield)
1914 Fisher, John J.
Beaver Bam (Dodge)
1911 Swan, George B.
Beloit (Rock)
1912 Adams, H. W.
1921 Christensen, Chester H.
Berlin (Green Lake)
1921 Engelbracht, Fred, Jr.
1921 Heaney, George B.
1912 Wood, John J,
1010
AMERICAN BAB ASSOCIATION.
Burlintion (Racine)
1920 Karcher, Nettie E.
<
Ohilton (Calumet) f
1920 Arps, Helmuth F.
Chippewa Falla (Chippewa)
1920 Cook, Dayton E.
1917 Pannier, J. E.
1897 Stafford, W. H.
Colhj (Clark)
1920 Jackson, Frank A.
Eaplo Rlvor (Vilaa)
1912 O'Connor, George E.
Ean Ol&lre (Eau Claire)
1922 Beach, P. M.
1922 Holland, lliomas M.
1912 Wilcox, Roy Porter
Elkhorn (Walworth)
1912 Lyon, Jay F.
1919 Netherton, Claude O.
1920 Page, Jay W.
Ellsworth (Pierce)
1917 Haddow, Wipfred O.
Fond dn Lao (Fond du Lac)
1921 Chadbourne, Franklin W.
1017 Doyle, T. L.
1914 TInstin?, Bonduel Albert
1921 McOalloway, John P.
1921 Mcintosh, Kate H. Pier
1921 McKenna, Maurice
1921 Martin, P. H., Jr.
1921 Pier, Kate
1921 Roemer, Caroline H. Pier
1921 Sinaonds, Harriet Pier
Olenwood City (St. Croix)
1917 Dean, H. H.
Grand Raplda (Wood)
1915 Briere, Cbarlee E.
Green Bay (Browif)
1920 Cook, William
1911 Evans, William L.
1880 Fairchild, H. O.
1911 Gauerke, John W.
1912 Martin, P. IT.
191'! Minahan, Eben R.
1911 Neville, Arthur C.
1911 North, Jerome Reynolds
}011 Parker, Barton L.
wisoovsni
Hartland (Waukesha)
1912 Stevens, John C, Jr.
HiUshoro (Vernon)
1916 Hammer, E. J.
Hudson (St. Croix)
1917 Thompson, George
Janesville (Rock)
1916* Burpee, F. C.
1916 Dougherty, William H.
1918 Enslow, (Tharles A.
1921 Gmbb, Paul N.
1880 Jeffris, Malcolm G.
1911 Matheson, Alexander E.
1911 Mouat, Malcolm 0.
1911 Nolan, Thomas S.
19ia Oestreich, Otto A.
1916 Richardson, Marshall P.
1911 Sutherland, George G.
1916 Tallman, Stanley D.
1911 Whitehead, John M.
Jnxtean (Dod^e)
1917 Christiansen, Christian
A.
1906 Lueck, Martin L.
Kenosha (Kcnoeha)
1916 Barnes, Chester D.
1916 Buckmaster, Albert E.
1920 Dniry, Alfred L.
1922 Higgins, Edward P.
1019 Mittclstaedt, Gustav
1920 Powell, Lewis W.
1912 Stewart, Calvin
1920 Tully, James E.
La Orosse (La Crosse)
1021 Baldwin, Cameron L.
1912 Gordon, George H.
1917 Higbee, Jesse E.
1021 Lees, Andrew
1912 McConnell, John E.
1921 Schlabach, Otto M.
Ladysmlth (Rusk)
1917 CJarow, J. W.
1921 Falge, 0. J.
1919 Kirwan, Charles
1920 Thomas, Theodore M.
Lake Geneva (Walworth)
1008 Sears, Nathaniel Q,
Madiion (Dana)
1921 Aberg, William J. P.
1911 Bagley, WillUm R.
1912 Blake, Ohauncej B.
1911 Butler, Harry L.
1912 Doerfler, Ohristiaa
1912 Ela, Emerson
1912 Eschweiler, F. C.
1917 Oilman, Winfleld W.
1916 Uambrecht, George P.
1919 Hill, Carl N.
1916 Hoppman, A. C.
1921 Hoyt, Ralph M.
1911 Jackman, Ralph W.
1889 Jones, Burr W.
1919 McLeod, Arthur A
1912 Mason, Vroman
1919 Michelson, Albert O.
1921 Morgan, William J.
1921 Nelson, Robert N.
1911 Olin, John M.
1923 Owen, Walter C.
1919 Petersen, Arnold R.
1921 Reed, Frank D.
1899 Richards, Harry S.
1912 Roeenberry, Marvin B.
1916 Rundell. Oliver S.
1019 Ryan, William
1907 Sanborn, John Bell
1921 Sauthoff, Harry
1919 Schein, S. B.
1911 Schubring, E. J. B.
1921 Spohn, William H.
1912 Stebbins, Byron H.
1912 Stevens, E. Ray
1916 Stroud, Ray M.
191 4 Tenncy, Charles Homer
1912 Whelan, Chas. E.
Kaaltowoc (Manitowoc)
1912 Baensch, Emil
1921 Brady, Charles E.
1920 Markluni, Herbert L.
1912 Nash, Archie L.
1912 Na<)h, Edwin G.
1906 Nash, Lj'man J.
Marinette (Marinette)
1918 Goldman, Harry R.
Marshfleld (Wood)
1917 Pors, Emil C.
lUyviUe (Washington)
1912 Naber, Emil H.
Menasha (Winnebego)
1917 Fitxcibboo, Heuy
STATE LIST OF MEMBERS BT CI?
M«rriU (Linooln)
int Bunke, Richard B.
Milwaukee (Milwaukee)
1912 Aarons, Charles L.
1920 Alexander, Errett If.
IMO Anderson, Orlaf
1912 Babb, Max Wellington
1912 Baker, Norman L.
1914 BaUhorn, George B.
1912 Bancroft, L. H.
191« Bartelt, Arthur H.
1912 Black, W. E.
1917 Blake, James B.
1911 Bloodgood, Francis, Jr.
1912 Bloodgood, Wheeler P.
1912 Boesel, Frank Tllden
1911 Bohmrich, Louis Q.
1920 Brennan, Martin J.
19KI Breslauer, Arthur
1916 Oady, Samuel H.
1912 Oarfoys, J. O.
1920 Canigan, Emmett J.
1920 Oordes, Joseph E.
1912 Corrlgan, Walter D.
1912 Dahlman, Louis A.
1920 Drew, Walter
1912 Dumnt, Paul D.
1911 Ftairchlld, Arthur W.
1017 Faircfaild, Edward T.
1912 Fawsett, Oharles F.
1912 Fish, Irving A.
1917 Flynn, J. Wallace
1920 Fox, John McD.
1912 Freeman, Robert B.
1912 Friend, Charles
1898 Frost, Edward W.
1912 Furlong, William E.
1919 Qehrz, Gustave G.
1912 Geiger, Ferdinand A.
1912 GeilfUMS, Carl F.
1910 Gregory, John J.
1012 Halsey, Lawrence W.
1912 Hammersley, Chaa. B.
1911 Hannan, Timothy J.
1916 Hardgrove, J. Gilbert
1912 Harper, John F.
1910 Hayes, W. A.
1912 Houghton, Frank W.
1912 Hoyt, Frank M.
191fi Hudnall, George K
1914 Jackson, Russell
1917 Kane, Henry V.
1914 Karrow, Herman Henry
1912 Kaumheimer, William
1917 Kay, Alfred
1912 Kellogg, Harry L.
1918 Kemper, Jackson B.
WI8001I8IV
MUwankee (Milwauki
Cont'd
1911 Killilea, Henry J.
1921 Krixek, Joseph F.
1919 Laflin, Herbert N.
1917 Lecher, Louis A.
1916 Levin, Michael
1911 Lines, George
1920 Luick. Ida E.
1912 McGovern, Francis B!
1922 McMahon, Omar J.
1916 McMahon, Stephen J.
1912 McMillan, John W.
1917 McBlynn, Robert N.
1912 Mack, Edwin S.
1917 Mahoney, Henry
1912 Mann, Charles D.
1921 Marshutz, J. H.
1886 Miller, Benjamin K.
1803 Miller, George P.
1920 Mock, Edward A.
1912 Morris, Charles M.
1912 Morsell, A. L.
1911 Morton, George E.
1920 Mueller, Arthur A.
1916 Muskat, Carl
1921 Newcomb, Paul R.
1917 Nivea, John M.
1912 Pereles, Nathan, Jr.
1919 Quarles, Charles B.
1908 Qnarles, James
1918 Quarles, Louis
1912 Quarles, William C.
1917 Reeder, Charles W.
1917 Richardson. Emmet L
1006 Riordan, Daniel E.
1912 Rix. Carl B.
1917 Sabstein, Benjamin F.
1920 Schoetz, Max, Jr.
1916 Smart, Edward M.
1916 Smith, Samuel M.
1916 Spooner, Willett M.
1917 SUrk, Henry W.«
1919 Steams, Perry J.
1916 Stebbins, Albert K.
1916 Stem, Morris
1911 Swansen, Sam. T.
1021 Swietlik, Francis X.
1911 Tibbs, William L.
1917 Timlin, William H.
1916 Tower, Edwin B. H.,
1017 Tfost, Hugo J.
1912 Van Dyke, Douglass
1898 Van Dyke, George D.
1808 Van Dyke, WiUiam I
1916 Williams, Clifton
1912 Wood, Edgar L.
1912 Tockey, Ohauneer W
STATE U8T OF MEMBEBS BY GITl
ZJUk (Niobran) Oont'd
1914 Brown, Edwin L.
1022 Hartwell, J. 0.
Moororof t (Orook)
192S Edson, Benrx F.
Veweaatld (Weston)
1922 Greenwood, James A.
1922 McAvoy, Preston T.
1922 McDonald, Once
1917 Baymond, E. O.
1922 Wakeman, E. E.
Powell (Park)
1917 Kerper, George B., Jr.
WTOXIHO
Bawllni (Carbon)
1911 Brimmer, George £. |
1921 Greenfield, )f. R.
1921 Rosier, Arthur J.
Book Spring! (Sweetwate
1917 Muir, W. A.
1918 Preston, Douglas A.
1912 TaUaferro, llios. Sedd<
Sheridan (Sheridan)
1917 Kutcher. Charles A.
1911 Lonabaugh, B. £.
NOTICE AS TO BEPOETS.
By order of the Executive Committee, the following prices
have been fixed for the reports, which are about suflScient to pay
the cost of printing and postage. The earlier volumes are in bad
condition. Only paper bound volumes of the years 1881 to 1895
inclusive can be furnished.
Vols. I, II and III (1878-1880), out of print.
Vols. 4 and 5 (1881 and 1882), postpaid, paper, 75 cents.
Vol. 6 (1883); out of print.
Vols. 7 to 18 (1884 to 1895), postpaid, paper, 75 cents.
Vols. 19 to 26 (1896 to 1903), postpaid, paper (Vols. 20, 21, 24),
75 cents; cloth, $1.00.
Vols. 27 and 28 (1904 and 1905), postpaid, cloth, $1.25.
Vol. 29 (1906, Part 1) (American Bar Association Proceedings,
only), postpaid, cloth, $1.00.
Vol. 30 (1906, Part 2) (Proceedings of Sections, Association of
American Law Schools, Uniform State Laws), out of print.
Vol. 31 (1907), out of print. (Vol. 32 Sharswood's Ethics.)
Vols. 33 to 37 (1908 to 1912), postpaid, cloth, $1.25.
Vols. 38 to 41 (1913 to 1916), postpaid, cloth, $2.00.
Vol. 42 (1917), out of print.
Vols. 43 to 44 (1918 to 1919), postpaid, cloth, $2.00.
Vols. 45 to 46 (19)30 to 1921), postpaid, cloth, $2.00.
Vol. 47 (1922), postpaid, cloth, $2.00.
Each member of the Association will receive, as soon as pub-
lished, and without cost to him, one copy of the proceedings for
each year of his membership. Members desiring extra copies,
and new members desiring back reports, will be charged the above
prices.
Application for reports may be made to
W. Thomas Kemp, Secretary,
901 Maryland Trust Building, Baltimore, Md.
(1015)
INDEX.
Addrev, Aimual by Calvin Coolidge J
Adier, Herman M
Aubepin, M. Henry
Butler, Nicholas Murray
Conrey, N. P
Coolidge, Calvin
Edgerton, Edwin O
Gordon, Hugh
Griffith, Franklin T
Guernsey, Nathaniel T
Harrison, Maurice E ,
Kidd, A. M
Larsen, John A
Severance, Cordenio A
Shaw, Lord
Shaw, Lucien
Smith, F. Dumont
Stephens, William D
Stockbridge, Henry
Taft, William Howard
Vollmer, August
Wilbur, Curtis D
Addresses, Annual, List of
Adjournment :
Adler, Herman M., Address by
Administration of Justice, Address by A. M. K I
Administration of Justice .in the Federal Cour i
Needed Reform in the, Address by Willian
Admiralty and Maritime Law, Committee on.
Report of
Aeronautics, Committee on Law of
Report of
Alphabetical List of Members.
Amendment to By-Laws
American Citizenship, Committee on
Report of
Annual, Address, by Calvin Coolidge
Addresses, List of
Dinner, Memorandum of
Meetings, List of
Appendix , , , , , , , .
(1017)
Apprt^riationa for Ezpensefl of Committ«eB 109, 113
Aubepin, M, Henry, Addresi by 244
Aviation, Report of Committee on Iaw of 97,413
Balance between Federal and State Powen of Public Utilitjr
R^ulation, Preservation of AddreM by Hugh Gordon. ... 661
Bar Aaociatioco—
Conf^'ence of 593
•Lirt of State Bar 437
Repreaentativea from, at 1932 meeting 600
Some of the Larger Local Bar 441
Special Conference on Legal Education 483
Berkeley Lie Detector and other Deception Tests, Address by
John A. Larsen .^ 619
Butler, Nicholas Murray, Address by ; 278
By-Laws of American Bar Association ' 140
Discueeion concerning amendments to 60
Canons of Ethics 7
Chase, Marking Grave of Former Chief Justice Salmon P.,
Committee on 160
CUssification and Restatement of the Law, Committee on 150
Report of '. 82,381
Commerce, Trade and Commercial Law, Committee on 156
Report of K,28S
Commissioners on Uniform State Laws (see Uniform 8tftte
Lave, CommisaioDers on) 691
Committee, Executive 146
List of Executive 131
Report of Executive...' 27,110
Committee on Admiralty and Maritime Law 167
Keport of ;.-. 70,367
on American Citiienahip. 160
Report of 34,416
on Commerce, Trade and Commercial Lav ifiQ
Report of , 62,288
to Consider Date of Presidential Liauguration...... , .. 169
Report of 82
to Consida: Classification and Restatement of the I,>aw. . 1S9
Report of '. 82,301
on Federal Taxation 160
on Finance 159
Report of 436
on Insurance Law 156
Report of 59,3S3
on Internal Revenue Law and its Means of Collection. . 98
Report of 433
INDEX.
Committee — Continued
on International Law
Report of
on Judicial Ethics
on Jurisprudence and Law Reform '
Report of '
on Law Enforcement
Report of
on Law of Aeronautics
Report of
on Legal Aid
Report of
on Marking Grave of Former Chief Ju
Chase
on Membership
Report of
on Mem^iials
Report of
on Noteworthy Changes in Statute Laxi
Report of
on Professional Ethics and Grievances. .
Report of
on Promotion of American Ideals, Repo
on Publications '
on Publicity
Report of ,
on Removal of Government Liens on R
on Uniform Judicial Procedure
Report of
Committees —
Appropriations for Expenses of ...... .
Memorandum of Subjects Referred to.
Special
Standing
Comparative Law Bureau-
Officers of
Election of
Proceedings of
Report of Secretary of
Conference of Bar Association Delegates —
List of Delegates Registered
Officers of
Election of
Proceedings of
Special Conference on Legal Education
Conrey, N, P„ Addr§» by.,,,,
Consider Change of Date of PreddentJal Inauguration, Com-
mittee to 159
Report of 82,391
Constitution of American Bar Association 134
Discussion Concerning Amendmente to SO
CcDStitution and Individualism, AddresB by Cordenio A. Sevei^
Mice 163
Contents, 1922 Report 3
CooUdge, Calvin, Addre« by 270
Criminal Law, Section of—
Adler, Herman M., AddreBB of Q29
Kidd, A. M., Address of 814
Larsen, John A, Address of 819
Officers of US
Election of 613
Proceedings of ,^ 607
Vollmer, August, Address of 609
Criminal Procedure, Interests of Psychiatry in, Address by
Herman M. Adler 839
Deception Tests, Berkeley Lie Detector and other. Address by
John A. Larsen 619
Defense of Insanity to a Criminal Chaise be Aboli^ed, Should
the, Address by Curtis D. Wilbur 459
Del^ates from American Bar Association to Conference of Bar
Association Delegates, 1922 and 1923 600, U9
Delegates and Members Registered —
American Bar Association 114
Conference of Del^ates 600
Judicial Section 480
Delegates from State and Local Bar Associations 600
Development of the Law of Waters in the West, AddrecB by
Lucien Shaw 189
Dinner, Memorandum of Annual 13S
Division of Governmental Powers in France and America,
Addren by M. Henry Aubepin 344
Education for Lawyers, Preliminary, A'ddress by Nicholas
Murray Butler 278
Education, Section of Legal (see L^al Education Section) — 689
Edgerton, Edwin 0., Address by M2
Election of General Council 30
of Members, by Executive Committee 103, 110
Election of Officers-
American Bar Association 1"'
Comparative Law Bureau *52
Conference of Bar Association Delegates 692
Criminal Law Section '"
INDXZ.
Election of Officers— Continued
General Council ,
Judicial Section •,
Legal Education, Section of. <
Patent, Trade-Mark and Cop3rright Law,
Public Utility Law, Section of
Ethics, Canons of i
Ptofessional, and Grievances, Committee
Report of
Executive Committee —
List of
Report of
Federal and State Powers of Public Utility Regi
vation of Balance between, Address by Hu|
Federal Taxation, Committee on
Field of Opportunity, Judicial Section and iti
N. P. Conr^
Finance, Committee on
Report of
General Council, Election of
List of
Report of, on Nominations for Membershj
Geographical List of Members
Gordon, Hugh, Address by
Government Liens on Real Estate, Removal of, C
Governmental Powers in France and America
Address by M. Henry Aubepin
Grievances, Professional Ethics and, Committee
Report of
Griffith, Franklin T., Address by.
Guernsey, Nathaniel T., Address by
Harrison, Maurice E., Address by
Honorary Members, List of
Individualism, The Constitution and. Address b
Severance
Industrial Court, Kansas, Address by F. Dumon
Insanity to a Criminal Charge be Abolishe
Defense of, Address by C\ui;is D. Wilbur. . .
Insurance Law, Committee on
Report of ;
Interests of P^rchiatiy in Criminal Procedui
Herman M. Adler
Internal Revenue Law and its Means of Col
of Committee on
International Law, Committee on
Report of
PMB
Journal, AmerieaK Bar Awooiation 104, 108, 110
Judicial Ethics, Committee im 160
Judicial Procedure, Uniform, Committee on ISfl
Report of ; 80,370
Judicial Section —
Conrey, N. P., Address by 472
Members of Section Roistered 4S0
Officers of 146
Election o( 458
Proceedings of 467
Wilbur, Curtis D., Address of '. 4E9
Judicial Section and its Field of Opportunity, Address by
N. P. Conr^ 472
Jurisprudence and Law Reform, Committee on 15S
Report of 60,366
Kansas Industrial Court, Addreas by F. Dumont Smith 208
Kidd, A. M, Address by 614
Larsen, John A, AddrcM by 619
Law of Aeronautics, Committee on 150
Report of 97,413
Law Enforcement, Committee on 166
Report of 73,424
Law of Waters in the West, Development of the. Address by
Lucien Shaw 180
Legal Aid, Committee on 156
Report of 96,403
Legal Education and Admissions to the Bar, Section of—
Officers 146
Election of 690
Papers Read, List of (see 1920 Report, page 320).
Proceedings of 689
Legal Education, Special Conference of Bar Association Dele-
gates on 483
Legislation Proposed or Recommended by American Bar
AsHociatiort—
Bill concerning revision of Trade-Mark Act 40,606
Bill ampnding the Judicial Code 366
Bill coDcerning Writs of Error and Appeals 356, 366
Bill to Protect Ahens in Treaty Rights 357
Bill concerning Uniform State Act on Arbitration 53,318
Bill concerning loss of Civil Right« 357
Bill concerning removal of causes 62,357
Bill concerning modemiiation and uniformity of pro- '
cedure and practice of Federal Courts 82, 370
Bill for the Regulation of Insurance 6Q, 354
IKDKX.
.Legislation Proposed or Recommended bj
Association— Continued
Bill to allow suits in admiralty against
the United States
Bill Authorizing the Courts of the Unite
Declaratory Judgments
Concerning increase of number of Jud
Court
Limitations of Law, Address by Calvin Coolie
List of —
Addresses Section of Legal Education (i
page 329).
Patent Law Section (see 1920 Repc
Annual Addresses
Commissioners on Uniform State Laws. .
Committees of
Committees-
Executive
Special
Standing
General Council
Local Council
Meetings Held, and Attendance
Members —
Alphabetical
Geographical
Honorary
Members and Del^ates Registered at y.
Members of Judicial Section Registered.
of Subjects Referred to Committees
Officers
Papers Read
Presidents
President's Addresses
Representatives of Bar Associations Re
Representatives of American Bar Asso
to Conference of Delegates
Secretaries ,
State Bar Associations
Some Larger Local Bar Associations. . .
Treasurers
Vice-Presidents and Local Councils...
Local Bar Associations, Some Larger
Marking Grave of Former Chief Justice Salmoi
mittee on
Meetings, List of Places of
PAOI
Members, Alphabetical Lilt of 733
Deceased 3gS
Geographical Liat of 882
Honorary 722
Judicial Section Registered 480
RegiBtered at Meeting, List of 114
State List of „ 88Z
Membership, Ccnnmittee on 157
Report of 79,389
Memorandum of Subjects Refeired to Committeee 441
Memorial, Committee on 157
Report of 80,395
Nfttional Confer^ce of CommimonerB (see Uniform State
Laws, Commissioners on) 091
Nomiaating Committee, Report of 101
Noteworthy Changes in Statute I^w, Committee on 157
Report of 80
Notice u to Sale of A. B. A. Reports 1015
Obituaries, Committee on 157
Report of 00,385
OfRcen (see Election)—
American Bar Anociation 101,140
Bar Association Delegates, Conference of 147,592
ComminionerB im Uniform State Laws 147, 095
Comparative Law Bureau 140,452
Criminal Law Section 147, 612
Judicial Section 140,458
Legal Education, Section of 140,000
Patent, Trade-Mark and Copyright taw 148,000
Public Utility Law 148,034
Papers Read, List of 443
Papers Read before Amaican Bar Association —
Aubepin, M. Heniy 344
Butler, Nicholas Murray 278
Coolidge, Calvin 370
Harrison, Maurice E 23
Severance, Cordenio A 183
Shaw, Lord 219
Shaw, Lucien 188
Smith, F. Dumont 208
Stephens, William D W
Papen Read before Judicial Section—
Conrey, N. P 472
WiUnir, Curtis D 450
Papers Read before Criminal Law Sectioo—
Adler, Herman M 839
i
INDBX.
Papers Read before Criminal Law Section — (
Kidd, A. M
Larsen, John A
Papers Read before Public Utility Law Sectio
Edgerton, Edwin O
Gordon Hugh
Griffith, Frank T
Guernsey, Nathaniel T
Papers Read before Commissioners on Unifom
Stockbridge, Heniy
Patent, Trade-Mark and Copyright Law, Sect
Officers of
Election of
Papers Read, List of (see 1920 Report, |
Proceedings of
Places of Meetings and Attendance
Portrait, Cordenio A. Severance
Possible and Needed Reforms in the Administn
in the Federal Courts, Address by William '.
Powers under Commission Laws, Rate-Makiz
Nationel T. Guernsey
Preliminary Education for Lawyers, Address by
ray Butler
Presei-vation of Balance between Federal and
of Public Utility Regulation, Address by H
Presidential Address by Cordenio A. Severanc<
Presidents, List of
Proceedings —
American Bar Association —
First Day, Morning Session
Afternoon Session
Evening Session
Second Day, Morning Session. . . .
Afternoon Session
Evening Session
Third Day, Morning Session
Comparative Law Bureau
Conference of Bar Association Delegate
Special Conference of Bar Associ
on Legal Education
Conference of Commissioners of Unifon]
Criminal Law Section
Judicial Section
L^al Education, Section of
Patent, Trade-Mark and Copyright Lan^
Public Utility Law, Section of
lose nratEZ.
PAOl
Profeaeional Ethics, Canoiu of 7
Committee on 167
Report of 44,286
Promotion of American Ideals, Report of Committee on 34,416
PBychiatiy in Criminal Procedure, Interests of, Address of
Herman M. Adier 639
Public Utility Law, Section of —
Edgerton, Edwin 0., Address of. 653
Gordon, Hugh, Address of 661
Griffith, Franklin T., Address of 675
Guernsey, Nathaniel T., Address of 637
Officers of 146
Election of 634
Proceedings of 634
Publications, Committee on 157
Publicity, Committee on 157
Report of 56, 394
Public Utility Law, Address by Edwin 0. Edgerton 652
Range of Law, Widening, Address by Ltutl Shaw 219
Rate-Making Powers under Conunission Laws, Addre« by
Nathaniel T. Guernsey 637
Recapitulation of Members by States 1014
Refomu) in the Administration of Justice in the Federal Courts,
Possible and Needed, Address by William Howard Taf t ... 250
Register of Delegates and Members at Meeting 114
of Members of Judicial Section 480
of Representatives of Bar Associations BOO
Removal of Government Liens on Real Estate, Committee on. . 160
Report of Executive Committee 37,110
Report of Secretary 26, 103
Report of Treasurer 36, 106
Repc^ of American Bar Anociation, Terms of Sale 1015
Reports of Officers and Committees (see Respective Officers
and Committees).
Representatives from American Bar Association to Conference
of Bar Association Delegates, 1022 and 1933 600,150
Representatives of Bar Associations at Annual Meeting 600
Report of Conference 602
Report of Special Conference on L^al Education 4SS
Resolutions —
American Bar AsBOciation—
Concerning Rule prohibiting solicitation of buai-
nesB by patent attorneys 44
Rights of laymen registered as attorneys in
Patent Office to use " patent attorney "
or "income tax attorney" 46
INDXX.
Resolutions — Continued
Permanent Court of Inten
Amendment to the Federal Com
Disapproval of report of Specia
Classification and Restatemei
Vote of Thanks to City of San Fi
Rights of the Utility under CommissioQ Re|
by Franklin T. Griffith
Secretaries, List of
Assistant, List of..
Secretary, Report of
Sections —
Comparative Law Bureau *
Report of
Conference of Bar Association Delegates
Report of
Criminal Law
Report of
Judicial Section
Report of
Legal Education
Report of »
Patent, Trade-Mark and Copyright Law
Report of
Public Utility Law
Report of ,
Severance, Cordenio A., Address by
Shaw, Lord, Address by
Shaw, Lucien, Address by ,
Should the Defense of Insanity to a Criminal ( i
ished, Address by Curtis D. Wilbur
Smith, F. Dumont, Address by .
Special Committees
(See Commissioners on Uniform State L <
Standing Committees
(See Commissioners on Uniform State L i
State Bar Associations-
Conference of Representatives
List of .
Representatives Registered
State List of Members
Stephens, William D., Address by
Stockbridge, Henry, Address as President of C
Uniform State Laws
Subjects Referred to Committees, Memorandi
Taft, William Howard, Address by
Tre«urer, Report of 130
TreMurers, tiat of Former 130
TraonctiwB 46th Anaual Meetii« 19
Umform Acta Approved by Commurionen on Uniform State
Lawa 708
Uniform Judicial K-ocedure, Committee on ISQ
Report of 80,370
Uniform State Lawo, CtHnmianonoB on—
' CommiaBonerB, List of 700
Committeea, List of 405
Memorandum of Origin, Nature and Scope.' SOI
Officers 147,608
Former 695
Proceedings 70S
Stockbridge, Henry, Addrees of 717
Vioe-Presidents and Local Councils, tjat of 140
Vollmer, August, Address by 609
Widening Range of Law, Addreea by L<vd Shaw 210
Wilbur, Curtis D., Address by 460
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